Lingua franca
3.Origions of Lingua franca
• The term lingua franca(Italian for Frankish tongue) originated in the Mediterranean region in the Middle Ages among crusaders and traders of different language backgrounds in Western Africa , India , Kenya.
• Examples of lingua francas remain numerous, and exist on every continent. The most obvious example as of the early 21st century is English.
• There are many other lingua francas centralized on particular regions, such as Arabic, Chinese, French, Portuguese, Russian and Spanish.
• It appeared in the Holy Land around the 13th Century. Piracy and naval warfare brought it in the 16th century to the Barbary Coast, where it came to be used in official records, on account of trade contacts. By the 19th century, European settlers and the opening of regular schools threatened this once widespread informal jargon.