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国际贸易考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 国际贸易中，以下哪项不是贸易术语（Incoterms）的一部分？A. FOB（Free On Board）B. CIF（Cost, Insurance and Freight）C. DDP（Delivered Duty Paid）D. EXW（Ex Works）答案：D2. 根据国际货币基金组织（IMF）的定义，以下哪项不是国际储备资产？A. 外汇储备B. 黄金储备C. 特别提款权（SDR）D. 国内债券答案：D3. 在国际贸易中，以下哪种支付方式不属于信用证支付？A. 即期信用证B. 远期信用证C. 托收D. 保函答案：C4. 世界贸易组织（WTO）的主要职能不包括以下哪项？A. 促进国际贸易自由化B. 解决成员国之间的贸易争端C. 制定国际贸易规则D. 直接参与国际贸易活动答案：D5. 以下哪个国家不是金砖国家（BRICS）的成员？A. 巴西B. 俄罗斯C. 印度D. 澳大利亚答案：D6. 贸易平衡表中，出口大于进口的情况被称为：A. 贸易顺差B. 贸易逆差C. 贸易平衡D. 贸易赤字答案：A7. 以下哪个不是国际贸易中的非关税壁垒？A. 关税B. 配额C. 进口许可证D. 出口补贴答案：A8. 国际收支平衡表中，经常账户不包括以下哪项？A. 商品贸易B. 服务贸易C. 直接投资D. 转移支付答案：C9. 以下哪个不是国际货币体系的组成部分？A. 固定汇率制B. 浮动汇率制C. 黄金储备D. 国际货币基金组织答案：C10. 国际贸易中的“最惠国待遇”原则意味着：A. 所有国家都享有相同的贸易条件B. 贸易条件只能改善，不能恶化C. 每个国家只能与一个国家签订最惠国待遇D. 最惠国待遇是无条件的答案：B二、判断题（每题1分，共10分）1. 国际贸易中的“反倾销税”是针对低价倾销行为征收的一种特殊关税。
（对）2. 世界银行的主要职能是提供贷款和技术支持，以促进成员国的经济发展。
外贸英语试题一、选择题1. What does the acronym FOB stand for in international trade?A. Free on BoardB. For Our BenefitC. First Out the BayD. Future of Business2. Which of the following documents is NOT required in an export transaction?A. Proforma invoiceB. Commercial invoiceC. Bill of ladingD. Customs declaration3. What does the Incoterm "CIF" stand for?A. Cost, Insurance, and FreightB. Cash in FullC. Customs Import FeeD. Carrier's International Fleet4. In international trade, what does the term "L/C" refer to?A. Long-term contractB. Low-cost shippingC. Letter of creditD. Landing certificate5. What is the purpose of a Certificate of Origin?A. To prove the authenticity of the productB. To declare the value of the goodsC. To calculate the import dutiesD. To track the shipping process二、填空题1. The World Trade Organization (WTO) was established in ______.2. ______ is a method of payment in international trade that involves immediate transfer of funds.3. The United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) promotes harmonization and unification of ______.4. In export documentation, the ______ is a legal contract between the exporter and the freight carrier.5. The ______ is the party responsible for arranging and paying for the transportation of goods in a CIF transaction.三、简答题1. What are the main advantages of using Incoterms in international trade?2. Explain the role of a freight forwarder in an export transaction.3. What is the purpose of a Bill of Lading and what information does it contain?4. What are the risks associated with using open account as a payment method?5. Briefly explain the role of a customs broker in import/export procedures.四、案例分析题You work for an export company that specializes in selling electronic products to overseas markets. Your company has received an order from a customer in Germany for 1,000 units of your latest smartphone model. The customer wants the goods to be delivered to their warehouse in Hamburg, Germany. They have requested the Incoterm to be DAP (Delivered at Place).1. Explain the responsibilities of the seller and the buyer in a DAP transaction.2. What export documentation will be required for this transaction?3. Discuss any potential risks or challenges that may arise in this export transaction and suggest ways to mitigate them.结束语以上就是外贸英语试题的内容，希望能够帮助你了解和掌握相关知识。
国际贸易考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 国际贸易中，最常用的贸易术语是：A. FOBB. CIFC. EXWD. DDP答案：B2. 以下哪项不是世界贸易组织(WTO)的基本原则？A. 非歧视原则B. 透明度原则C. 贸易保护主义D. 公平竞争原则答案：C3. 以下哪种支付方式不属于国际贸易中常见的支付方式？A. 信用证B. 托收C. 现金交易D. 汇款答案：C4. 国际贸易合同中，货物的所有权转移通常发生在：A. 货物生产完成时B. 货物交付给承运人时C. 货物到达目的地时D. 货物支付完成时答案：B5. 以下哪种保险不适用于国际贸易中的海运货物？A. 一切险B. 水渍险C. 战争险D. 盗窃险答案：D二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）6. 国际贸易中，卖方承担最大责任的贸易术语是________。
答案：DDP7. 国际贸易中，买方承担最小责任的贸易术语是________。
答案：EXW8. 国际商会(ICC)制定的国际贸易术语解释通则是________。
答案：Incoterms9. 国际贸易中，信用证是一种由________开立的支付保证。
答案：银行10. 世界贸易组织的英文缩写是________。
答案：WTO三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）11. 简述国际贸易中常见的贸易壁垒有哪些？答案：国际贸易中常见的贸易壁垒包括关税壁垒、配额制度、进口许可证制度、反倾销税、反补贴税、技术性贸易壁垒等。
12. 描述国际贸易中信用证的作用和重要性。
答案：信用证是一种由银行开立的支付保证，它为国际贸易提供了一种安全、可靠的支付方式。
信用证可以降低交易双方的信用风险，确保卖方按时收到货款，买方按时收到货物，从而促进国际贸易的顺利进行。
四、案例分析题（每题15分，共30分）13. 某公司与外国买家签订了一份CIF合同，货物在运输途中遭遇海难，部分货物受损。
请问该公司是否需要对受损货物负责？答案：根据CIF（Cost, Insurance and Freight 成本、保险费加运费）贸易术语，卖方负责将货物运输到指定港口，并支付货物运输过程中的保险费。
外贸英语面试笔试题及答案大全一、选择题1. What does "FOB" stand for in international trade?A. Free On BoardB. Free of BoardC. Full of BoardD. For the Board答案：A2. Which of the following is not a payment term in international trade?A. CIFB. DDPC. EXWD. FAS答案：B3. What is the meaning of "L/C" in international trade?A. Letter of CreditB. Letter of CreditorC. Letter of CustomerD. Letter of Contract答案：A二、填空题4. The term "CIF" includes the cost of goods, insurance, and ________.答案：freight5. When a company provides a ________, it is offering to pay for the goods upon delivery.答案：L/C (Letter of Credit)6. The term "EXW" means that the seller makes the goods available to the buyer at the seller's premises, and the buyer bears all the costs and risks from that point forward.答案：[无填空，直接陈述]三、简答题7. Explain the difference between a "Proforma Invoice" and a "Commercial Invoice".答案：A Proforma Invoice is a preliminary invoice provided by the seller to the buyer before the shipment of goods. It includes details of the transaction but is not a legal document for customs. A Commercial Invoice is a legal document required for customs clearance, which includes a detailed description of the goods, their value, and other necessary information for international trade.8. What are the key components of a Letter of Credit?答案：The key components of a Letter of Credit include theissuing bank, the advising bank, the beneficiary (seller), the applicant (buyer), the amount, the expiry date, the terms and conditions, and the required documents for presentation.四、案例分析题9. Assume you are a buyer and you have received a shipment of goods under a CIF contract. Upon inspection, you find that the goods are damaged. What steps should you take?答案：As a buyer under a CIF contract, you should first notify the seller and the shipping company of the damage. Then, you should file a claim with the insurance company, as CIF includes insurance. It is important to provide evidence of the damage, such as photographs and a surveyor's report. You may also need to involve the issuing bank if the payment was made through a Letter of Credit.五、论述题10. Discuss the importance of understanding different trade terms in international trade and how they can affect a company's risk and profit margins.答案：Understanding different trade terms is crucial in international trade as they define the responsibilities of each party involved in the transaction. They affect the risk and profit margins by determining who bears the costs and risks associated with the shipment of goods. For instance, under an EXW contract, the buyer bears all the costs andrisks from the seller's premises, which can be risky but may allow for better control over shipping costs. On the other hand, a DDP contract transfers all risks and costs to theseller until the goods are delivered to the buyer's premises, reducing the buyer's risk but potentially increasing the seller's costs and affecting profit margins.。
外贸笔试题及答案一、选择题1. 外贸合同中，通常所说的“FOB”是指：A. Free On BoardB. Free Of BoardC. Freight On BoardD. Free Over Board答案：A2. 以下哪个不是国际贸易中常用的贸易术语？A. EXWB. CNFC. DDPD. COD答案：D3. 国际贸易中，信用证（L/C）是一种：A. 支付方式B. 贸易术语C. 运输方式D. 保险方式答案：A4. 以下哪个不是影响国际货物运输的因素？A. 运输成本B. 货物性质C. 运输时间D. 货物重量答案：D5. 国际商会（ICC）制定的《国际贸易术语解释通则》（Incoterms）的主要作用是：A. 规范国际贸易中的支付方式B. 规范国际贸易中的运输方式C. 规范国际贸易中货物交付的条款D. 规范国际贸易中的保险条款答案：C二、判断题1. 国际贸易中，卖方必须在货物装船后立即通知买方。
（对/错）答案：对2. 贸易术语CIF中，卖方负责将货物运输到指定目的港并支付运输费用。
（对/错）答案：对3. 信用证是一种支付保障，买方通过银行向卖方提供信用证，确保卖方在履行合同后能收到款项。
（对/错）答案：对4. 贸易术语DDP中，卖方必须承担所有风险和费用，直到货物交付给买方并完成进口清关。
（对/错）答案：对5. 国际贸易中，所有货物都可以使用CIF贸易术语。
（对/错）答案：错三、简答题1. 请简述信用证（L/C）在国际贸易中的作用。
信用证是一种由买方银行向卖方开出的支付承诺，它为卖方提供了一种支付保障。
卖方在履行合同，如交付货物并提交符合信用证条款的单据后，银行将保证支付货款。
信用证减少了买卖双方的信用风险，促进了国际贸易的顺利进行。
2. 描述FOB贸易术语下，卖方和买方的责任。
在FOB（Free On Board）贸易术语下，卖方的责任包括将货物交付到指定的船上，并在此之前承担所有风险和费用。
外贸英语考试试题在外贸领域，掌握英语是至关重要的。
外贸英语考试试题通常涵盖了词汇、语法、听力、阅读和写作等方面的内容。
通过参加外贸英语考试，不仅可以检验自己的英语水平，还可以提升自己在国际贸易中的竞争力。
一、词汇部分：1. 请用英语解释以下外贸常用词汇：FOB、CIF、L/C、T/T、D/P、OEM、MOQ等。
2. 下列选项中哪一个不是与外贸相关的词汇？A. GDP B. IncotermsC. SWOT analysisD. HR二、语法部分：1. 请选择下列句子中错误的一项并改正：A. He has visit China many times. B. She are going to attend the trade fair next week. C. We isn't sure about the payment terms. D. They have been negotiate with the supplier for weeks.2. 请正确填写下列句子的空白：The goods ________ shipped by sea last week.三、听力部分：1. 请听以下对话，回答问题：A: Can you tell me about the delivery time for this order? B: Sure, the goods will be ready for shipment in two weeks. A: That's great, thank you.2. 请听以下独白，选择正确答案：What is the main topic of the talk?A. Export proceduresB. International trade fairC. Market analysisD. Product development四、阅读部分：阅读以下短文，回答问题：With the rapid development of e-commerce, more and more companies are engaging in cross-border trade. However, challenges such as language barriers and cultural differences still exist. In order to succeed in international business, it is important to understand the local market and build good relationships with overseas partners.1. What are some challenges faced by companies in cross-border trade?2. What are two key factors to succeed in international business according to the passage?五、写作部分：请根据以下要点，写一封询价邮件：1. 自我介绍及所在公司背景。
国贸英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. What is the most common mode of payment in international trade?A. Cash on deliveryB. Letter of CreditC. ConsignmentD. Open account2. The term "FOB" in international trade stands for:A. Free on BoardB. Freight on BoardC. Free of ChargeD. Full Container Load3. Which of the following is not a type of international trade agreement?A. Bilateral agreementB. Multilateral agreementC. Unilateral agreementD. All of the above are types of agreements4. What does the abbreviation "CIF" represent in trade terms?A. Cost, Insurance, FreightB. Cost, Insurance, and FreightC. Cost, Insurance, FreeD. Cost, Insurance, and Free5. The process of negotiating the terms of a trade deal is known as:A. Trade negotiationB. Trade arbitrationC. Trade mediationD. Trade settlement6. Which of the following is a risk associated with international trade?A. Currency fluctuationB. Market saturationC. Product obsolescenceD. All of the above7. The term "Tariff" refers to:A. A tax on imported or exported goodsB. A list of goods for tradeC. A method of paymentD. A trade agreement8. What is the primary purpose of a Letter of Credit (L/C)?A. To guarantee payment to the sellerB. To provide insurance for the goodsC. To facilitate the shipment of goodsD. To negotiate trade terms9. The "Incoterms" are a set of international commercial terms that:A. Define the responsibilities of exporters and importersB. Determine the value of goodsC. Set the prices of goodsD. Regulate the quality of goods10. Which of the following is not a form of international trade finance?A. FactoringB. ForfaitingC. HedgingD. All of the above are forms of trade finance答案：1. B2. A3. C4. A5. A6. A7. A8. A9. A 10. C二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）1. The term "EXW" in international trade means the buyer takes over the goods at the seller's ________.2. The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) is responsible for publishing the ________.3. When a country imposes a high tariff on imported goods, it is known as a ________.4. The payment term "D/P" stands for "Documents against________."5. A "countertrade" involves a transaction where goods are exchanged for other goods or services, rather than for________.6. The risk of non-payment by the buyer is typically covered by ________.7. The "CPT" term in Incoterms means "Carriage Paid To," where the seller pays for the transport of goods up to the________.8. The "DDP" term in Incoterms stands for "Delivered Duty Paid," which means the seller is responsible for all costsand risks until the goods are delivered to the ________.9. The "FCA" term in Incoterms stands for "Free Carrier," where the risk is transferred to the buyer when the goods are handed over to the ________.10. A "forward contract" is a financial instrument used to hedge against the risk of ________.答案：1. premises2. Incoterms3. protectionism4. Payment5. cash6. credit insurance7. destination8. buyer's premises9. carrier 10. currency fluctuation三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）1. Explain the difference between "CIF" and "CIP" in international trade terms.2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using aLetter of Credit in international trade?3. Describe the process of a typical international trade transaction from the seller's perspective.4. What is meant by "trade finance" and why is it importantin international trade?答案：1. CIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight) is a term where the seller covers the cost of the goods, insurance, and freight to the port of destination. CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid to) is similar but only requires the seller to pay for the carriage and insurance to the destination, not the full freight cost.2. Advantages of using a。
外贸英语笔试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The term "FOB" in international trade refers to:A. Free on BoardB. Free of BoardC. Free of CostD. Free of Charge答案：A2. What does "L/C" stand for in the context of international trade documents?A. Letter of CreditB. License to CarryC. Long-term ContractD. Local Currency答案：A3. In a sales contract, the "INCOTERMS" are used to clarify:A. The type of goodsB. The terms of paymentC. The responsibilities between buyer and sellerD. The mode of transportation答案：C4. Which of the following is NOT a type of internationalpayment method?A. Cash in advanceB. Letter of CreditC. ConsignmentD. Barter答案：C5. The abbreviation "CIF" stands for:A. Cost, Insurance, and FreightB. Cost, Insurance, and Freight to the PortC. Cost, Insurance, and Freight to the DestinationD. Cost, Insurance, and Freight excluding the Port答案：A6. When a company is "D/P", it means that the documents will be released:A. Upon paymentB. Upon arrival of the goodsC. Upon presentation of the goodsD. Upon signing of the contract答案：A7. The term "T/T" in international trade is short for:A. Trade TermsB. Transfer of TitleC. Telegraphic TransferD. Trade Transaction答案：C8. Which of the following is not a risk associated with international trade?A. Currency fluctuationB. Political instabilityC. Market demandD. Transportation delay答案：C9. The "B/L" in shipping documents refers to:A. Bill of LadingB. Bill of LoadingC. Bill of LandingD. Bill of Ledger答案：A10. The "EXW" term in international trade means that the seller is responsible for:A. Delivering the goods to the buyer's warehouseB. Preparing the goods for exportC. Delivering the goods at the seller's premisesD. Transporting the goods to the buyer's country答案：C二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）11. The most common form of payment in international trade is ________.答案：Letter of Credit12. When goods are sold "FOB", the risk passes to the buyer when the goods pass over the ________.答案：ship's rail13. The "CIP" term in international trade means that the seller covers the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named ________ but the risk of loss or damage to the goods passes when the goods have been handed over to the first carrier.答案：destination14. An "L/C at sight" is payable ________.答案：immediately15. The "D/P" term stands for "Documents against Payment", which means that the documents will not be released until the ________ is made.答案：full payment16. The term "CFR" stands for "Cost and Freight" and it indicates that the seller's responsibility is to pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the port of ________.答案：destination17. The "FCA" term means that the seller has fulfilled their obligation when the goods have been delivered to the carrier or another person nominated by the ________.答案：buyer18. The "DAP" term stands for "Delivered at Place", which means that the seller has fulfilled their obligation to deliver when the goods are ready for unloading from the arriving means of transport at the named place of ________.答案：delivery19. The "FAS" term requires the seller to place the goods alongside the vessel at the named port of ________.答案：shipment20. The "DES" term means that the seller has fulfilled their obligation when the goods have been made available to the buyer, cleared for import, and placed at the disposal of the buyer at the named port of ________.答案：destination三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）21. What are the main differences between "FOB" and "CIF" terms in international trade?答案：The main differences between "FOB" (Free on Board) and "。
外贸笔试题及答案一、选择题1. 以下哪个选项不是国际贸易术语（Incoterms）？A. EXWB. FOBC. CIFD. DDP答案：D2. 根据国际货币基金组织（IMF）的定义，以下哪个不是国际储备资产？A. 黄金储备B. 特别提款权（SDR）C. 外汇储备D. 股票答案：D二、填空题1. 在国际贸易中，_______是用于支付货款的一种信用工具。
答案：信用证2. 出口商在收到信用证后，应检查信用证的条款是否与_______一致。
答案：合同三、简答题1. 简述FOB和CIF两种贸易术语的主要区别。
答案：FOB（Free On Board，船上交货）是指卖方将货物交至船上，买方负责货物过船舷后的运输费用和风险。
CIF（Cost, Insuranceand Freight，成本加保险费加运费）则是指卖方负责货物运输到目的港的费用和保险费，但风险在货物过船舷时转移给买方。
2. 什么是信用证结算方式？其主要优点是什么？答案：信用证结算方式是指由银行出具的一种支付保证，承诺在满足信用证条款的情况下，向卖方支付货款。
其主要优点是为买卖双方提供了银行信用的保障，降低了交易风险。
四、案例分析题某外贸公司与外国客户签订了一份CIF合同，货物在运输途中因船只失火导致货物全损。
问：在此情况下，买方是否需要支付货款？答案：根据CIF贸易术语，卖方负责将货物运输到目的港的费用和保险费，但风险在货物过船舷时转移给买方。
因此，即使货物在运输途中全损，买方仍需支付货款。
五、论述题论述国际贸易中，如何有效防范汇率风险。
答案：有效防范汇率风险的方法包括：1. 使用固定汇率合同，锁定汇率；2. 采用货币互换协议；3. 利用远期合约进行套期保值；4. 采用多货币账户管理；5. 通过外汇期权进行风险对冲；6. 利用国际金融市场的衍生金融工具进行风险管理。
国际贸易考试试题一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 国际贸易中，"FOB"条款指的是：A. 货物交付买方B. 卖方负责运输到指定港口C. 卖方负责货物装船D. 买方负责货物装船2. 以下哪项不是世界贸易组织（WTO）的基本原则？A. 非歧视原则B. 互惠原则C. 贸易自由化D. 贸易保护主义3. 汇率变动对国际贸易的影响不包括：A. 影响出口商品的价格竞争力B. 影响进口商品的成本C. 影响跨国公司的投资决策D. 直接提高或降低国内生产总值（GDP）4. 以下哪个术语属于国际贸易术语解释通则（Incoterms）？A. EXWB. DDPC. CPTD. 以上都是5. 贸易保护主义通常不包括以下哪种措施：A. 关税壁垒B. 配额限制C. 出口补贴D. 投资自由化6. 国际贸易中，"CIF"条款中"I"代表：A. Insurance（保险）B. Information（信息）C. Import（进口）D. International（国际）7. 多边贸易体系的优势不包括：A. 减少贸易壁垒B. 促进贸易自由化C. 增强国家间的经济依赖D. 降低交易成本8. 以下哪项不是贸易顺差的影响因素？A. 国内生产成本B. 国内消费水平C. 国际市场的需求D. 国内储蓄率9. 贸易平衡是指：A. 出口总额等于进口总额B. 出口总额大于进口总额C. 出口总额小于进口总额D. 以上都不是10. 经济一体化对国际贸易的影响不包括：A. 促进区域内贸易增长B. 减少区域内贸易壁垒C. 增加区域外贸易壁垒D. 促进全球贸易增长二、多项选择题（每题3分，共15分）11. 以下哪些因素可能影响国际贸易的交易成本？A. 运输成本B. 保险费用C. 信息不对称D. 政治风险12. 贸易自由化可能带来的负面影响包括：A. 国内产业的保护B. 国内失业增加C. 贸易逆差扩大D. 贸易顺差减少13. 以下哪些属于国际贸易中的支付方式？A. 信用证B. 托收C. 直接汇款D. 现金交易14. 以下哪些因素可能影响汇率的波动？A. 货币政策B. 国际贸易收支C. 政治稳定性D. 经济预期15. 贸易保护主义可能带来的后果包括：A. 贸易伙伴的报复性措施B. 国内消费者成本增加C. 国际贸易环境恶化D. 国内产业竞争力提升三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）16. 请简述国际贸易中常见的贸易壁垒有哪些，并说明它们对国际贸易的影响。
题型:1.选择题20*1ˊ=20分2.简答题4*5ˊ=20分3.翻译英译汉——3*10’=30分汉译英——5*3ˊ=15分4. 问答15ˊUnit1一.选择题（二）. 即从所给短语中选择恰当的短语填入括号Fill in the blanks below with the most appropriate terms from the box.depend upon be defined as put an end tobe justified by engage in be determined by be dominated by specialize in because of in terms of1 . international trade （）between two or more partners from different countries.2 . Traditionally, international trade（）in economics （）comparative advantage theory.3 . No nation can meet all of its people’s needs, and every nation（）some trade with other nations.4 . The nations are not willing to allow their international economic relations only （）market forces.5 . The theory of comparative costs suggested that countries will（）producing goods and services in which they have a comparative advantage.6 . International economics is growing in importance as a field of study（）the rapid integration of international economic markets.7 . Mercantilism is the economic theory that a nation’s prosperity （）its supply of gold and silver, that the total volume of trade is unchangeable.8 . Adam Smith’s Invisible Hand and liberal theory of economics gradually （）the dominance of mercantilism.9 . International trade continues to （）the advanced industrialized countries.10.（）physical volume, world trade has grown faster than world production of commodities.二.翻译题（一）汉译英. Translate the following sentences into English with the phrases given.1 . 通过国际贸易, 可以使消费者和贸易国获取本国没有的商品和服务。
( get access to / be exposed to )2 . 通过国际贸易, 富裕国家可以更高效地使用其劳动力、技术或资本等资源。
( allow / enable)3 . 与当地企业不同, 跨国企业都是在全球范围内从事经营活动。
( as opposed to)4 . 近年来, 中国的对外贸易呈现高速、稳定的增长。
( register)5 . 在全球化的市场条件下, 企业面临着与国内外企业的激烈的竞争。
( given) （二）英译汉Translate the following passage into Chinese.Economic“globalization”is a historical process, the result of human innovation and technological progress. It refers to the increasing integration of economies around the world, particularly through trade and financial flows. The term sometimes also refers to the movement of people ( labor ) and knowledge ( technology) across international borders. There are also broader cultural, political and environmental dimensions of globalization that are not covered here. At its most basic, there is nothing mysterious about globalization. The term has come into common usage since the 1980s, reflecting technological advances that have made it easier and quicker to complete international transactions — both trade and financial flows. It refers to an extension beyond national borders of the same market forces that have operated for centuries at all levels of human economic activity —village markets, urban industries, or financial centers.Unit2一.选择题argument against shift comply withclear-cut be characterized by gain fromself-sufficient constitute as well as available1 .there is often no ( )distinction between a government‘s foreign and domestic policies.2 . Since economic activity( ) mutual interdependence, there are few, if any, economic polices of government that have only domestic effects.3 . The justification of free trade is that it enables a nation to( ) international specialization.4 . Every nation inhabits a global political and social environment( ) a global economic environment.5 . Every nation-state has an economy, and the mutual relations among the national economies ( )the international economic system.6 . The contribution of international trade is so immense that few countries could become( ) even with the greatest effort .7 . The domestic consumers benefit from international trade because it lowers the prices of goods and makes( ) goods that cannot be produced at home.8 . There are several( ) free trade: national security, protection of domestic industries, economic stability, and so on.9 . The composition of both U. S. imports and exports have( ) toward to manufactured high-tech products and away from industrial supplies and materials. 10. business enterprises take steps to influence foreign economic policy in the direction that best( ) their interests.二.翻译题. Translate the following sentences into English with the phrases given.1 . 进口政策的目的在于获得发展中国经济所需要的具有现代技术的资本货物。
( be directed at)2 . 很多经济学家认为, 自由贸易能推动经济增长和提高生活水平。
( argue)3 . 发达的工业化国家仍居国际贸易的主导地位, 其贸易额占世界贸易总量的一半以上。
( account for )4 . 自从实行改革开放政策以后, 特别是加入世界贸易组织以后, 中国的对外贸易取得了引人注目的增长。
( achieve)5 . 经济学家一直在研究由于国际商务的扩展所引起的各种理论和实际问题。
( engage in)二）英译汉U. S. foreign trade and global economic policies have changed direction dramatically during the more than two centuries that the United States has been a country. The early days of the nation’s history, government and business mostly concentrated on developing the domestic economy irrespective of what went on abroad. But since the Great Depression of the 1930s and World War II, the country generally has sought to reduce trade barriers and coordinate the world economic system. This commitment to free trade has both economic and political roots; the United States increasingly has come to see open trade as a means not only of advancing its own economic interests but also as a key to building peaceful relations among nations.Unit3一.选择题（二）. 即从所给短语中选择恰当的短语填入括号Fill in the blanks below with the most appropriate terms from the box.Equivalent put into practice be conscious of otherwise deal with prevent from involve work on relate to nothing more than1 . A market entry strategy is （）finding the best methods of delivering your goods to your market and of distributing them there .2 . The transactions associated with exporting are generally more complicated than those（）the domestic market .3 . Once a relationship has been established with an overseas customer, representative, or distributor, it is important that the exporter （）building and maintaining that relationship .4 . Licensing（）granting a license to a foreign firm to produce and market a product for which the foreign firm pays royalties to the parent firm .5 . Sometimes licenses develop quality control problems and can possibly the parent firm（）entering the foreign market at a later date .6 . In joint ventures, cultural differences must（）and sometimes foreign partners can be a source of conflict .7 . A licensing agreement must contain clauses concerning jurisdiction, （）there will be direct competition between the licensor and the licensee .8 . Most multinational firms （）extremely（）the licensee’s ability to respect the company‘s reputation for quality and reliability .9 . Several forms of flexible business arrangements including counter trade, export processing, equity joint ventures and contractual ventures have been（）in China .10 . In a counter trade deal , the foreign customer who provides the equipment or license undertakes to buy from the Chinese enterprise goods of a value （）that of what he himself supplies .二.翻译题（一）汉译英. Translate the following sentences into English with the phrases given.1 . 第二次世界大战以后,出现了各种跨国经营活动,比如商品和劳务贸易、对外直接投资和技术转让等。
