【语篇填空】2018年 高考英语 全国卷 语篇填空

682019年09期总第449期ENGLISH ON CAMPUS2015-2018年高考英语(全国I 卷)阅读理解题分析文/何嘉敏【摘要】普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(简称“高考”)不仅对学生的发展尤为重要，对教学也产生深远的反拨作用。

阅读理解题所占分值为40分，是高考英语的重要题型。

本文将从命题概况及教学启示等方面分析2015-2018年高考英语(全国I卷)的阅读理解题，为高中英语教师进一步了解高考英语试题、深入挖掘英语教学的重点、难点提供参考。

【关键词】 高考英语全国卷；阅读理解题；阅读教学【作者简介】何嘉敏，中山纪念中学。

势：在近四年的英语高考阅读题中，词义猜测题平均数量为1题，而在2017年出现了2题；主旨大意题从2015年0变为2018年的2题。

2.教学启示。

(1)注重培养学生的思维能力及语篇能力。

从上文的阅读题试题设置的变化可知，高考英语阅读题越发重视考察学生的推力判断能力及联系上下文、概括主旨大意的语篇能力。

因此，教师在日常教学中应有意识地设置相关课堂活动、培养训练学生的思维能力；此外，也应结合课文或练习中的阅读文章教授学生相关语篇知识，如文章体裁、语篇特点和语篇的衔接与连贯等。

(2)引导学生进行拓展阅读。

通过以上分析可知，近几年的高考英语阅读所采用的文章体裁及话题多样，故教师在日常教学中应引导学生利用课余时间、英语自习课等进行英语拓展阅读，这不仅有利于增加学生对不同体裁、话题文章的熟悉度，学生通过拓展阅读也逐渐开拓视野、增加背景知识，有利于其在考试中加深对文章的理解。

(3)重视不同类型文章文体特征的教授。

通过以上分析可知，近几年的高考英语阅读所采用的文章体裁多样，涵盖应用文、记叙文、说明文、议论文，而近两年(2017-2018)的阅读理解还出现了新闻报道类文章。

不同的文章类型会有不同的文体特征，例如新闻报道类一般而言首段为主题段，会概括整篇文章的大意，若学生了解此特点，在做主旨大意题时便得心应手。

七选五阅读填空步骤一高考这样考，差距须明了(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. __1__ Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.•Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. __2__•Your metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. __3__ If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里)burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.•__4__ Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.•__5__ If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.A．You will stick to your diet.B．Your quality of sleep improves.C．You prefer healthy food to fast food.D．There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.E．You can keep your head clear for 4～10 hours after exercise.F．After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.G．If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you're doing it now, then listenup!语篇解读：本文从工作效率、新陈代谢、睡眠质量和饮食习惯四个方面介绍了晨练给人们带来的好处。

精心整理页脚内容2018高考英语语法填空：形容词或副词提示的解题技巧和跟踪训练题（含解析）高考英语语法填空******有提示词的解题技巧【括号内提供的是形容词或副词】如果括号内提供的是形容词，一般是考查副词，即要变成副词形式；如果括号内提供的是副词，一般是考查形容词，即要变成形容词形式。

如：________(actual)IbelievedIwouldworkforafewyears ，getmarried ，stayhomeandraiseafamily ，soIdidn ’tthinkthejobItookmatter edthatmuch.答案Moreactually该空需要填入副词actually 在句子中作状语。

有的考生填入moreactually ，虽然词性是对的，但是这里没有上下文比较的关系，逻辑语义不同，考生不能将语言的语法规则和语用功能有效地结合。

再如：“Thirty －fivecents ，”shesaid________(rude)．答案rudely 此处考查副词作状语的用法。

括号内提供的是形容词，要用来修饰动词said ，所以要使用副词形式。

但有时也要根据语境判断是否要变成名词或否定含义。

如：Atlast ，hercourageand________(wise)impressedboththeCEOandPrincetonUniversity.答案wisdom 括号内提供的是形容词，但此空与前面的名词courage 是并列成分，一起充当主语，所以要使用名词形式wisdom 。

另外，通常有表示范围的in/of 介词短语或形容词前有the 时，一般要用最高级；than 的前面一定要用比较级。

如：Oneofthe________(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher...因为这里是oneofthe ＋名词复数的形式，表示……其中之一，因此范围是三者或三者以上，因此形容词需要用最高级的形式worst 。

形容词、副词易错形容词/副词比较等级检测【答案】1.far→farther/further→farthest/furthestte→later→latest3.good/well→better→best4.bad(ly)/ill→worse→worst5.many/much→more→most6.little→less→least7.well-known→better-known→best-known8.tired→more tired→most tired9.badly off→worse off→worst off10.happy→happier→happiest11.well-off→better-off→best-off12.clever--cleverer/more clever->cleverest/most clever13.nice→nicer→nicest14.unlucky→unluckier→unluckiest15.big→bigger→biggest16.thin→thinner→thinnest17.slowly→more slowly→most slowly18.tender-tenderer/more tender-tenderest/most tendermon→commoner/more common→commonest/most common20.simple-simpler/more simple-simplest/most simple在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式1. This technique has ______(previous) been tested in mice to treat dead tissue in their legs.2. The study also found that those born in winter are_______ (little) likely to get angry than those born in summer.3. In the contemporary world, English learning has become_______(popular) and it is of greater importance for students to learn English well.4. When setting off for your appointment, you should make allowance for the traffic and make sure that you are on time or _______(early) than expected.5 . Two years ago , the three of us went up to Lushan Mountain . Instead of taking a bus , which is______(comfortable),we preferred to climb.6. The Parker Solar Probe is mankind's first task to the sun. After it is launched, the probe will get much __________ever has .7. But the success of Sisyphe bookstore, one of the _______(big) privately-owned bookstore chains in China , may serve as a great example .8 . To get a _________ ( good ) understanding of which causes which , Lumeng and her colleagues interviewed the parents of 785 third graders from around the United States.9. In one study, researchers _________(close) watched students' behaviour and found that students behaved better in smaller classes.10. Those who always feel positive are _______(most) born in spring and summer.【答案】1.previously2.less3.more popular4.earlier5.more comfortable6.closer7.biggest8.better9.closely 10.mostly考点一形容词1.(2020辽宁大连双基测试，61)The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, as the ___________________(long) sea-crossing bridge in the world, is expected to have 5G service in the future.2.(2020黑龙江哈尔滨三中二调，63)Beethoven composed one of his ___________________(great) works after going deaf.3.(2020吉林省吉林市一模，46)So if you take a nap during the day, especially if you take it too late in the afternoon, you will actually release some sleepiness and it will make it much ___________________(hard) to fall asleep at night.4.(2020陕西宝鸡中学，68)Winners in life set goals and follow them through. ___________________(success) people just let life happen by accident.5.(2020陕西汉中一模，46)Wood became very expensive and hard to get, so the Chinese had to either find a substitute for their ___________________ (value) wood, or learn how to use it better.6.(2019东北三省三校，70)Today,the Great Wall is generally recognized as one of the most ___________________( impress)architectural wonders in history.7.(2019.内蒙古呼伦贝尔，68)If we are ___________________(satisfy)with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language.8.(2019.甘肃天水一中，48)We will give 99% of our Facebook shares-currently about $ 45 billion-to advance this ___________________(value) mission.9.(2019.黑龙江哈尔滨三中，68)All this move is highly ___________________(benefit)to sunflowers.10.(2019.陕西榆林一模，68)In Irving's mind,Christmas should be a ___________________(peace), warm-hearted holiday bringing groups together across lines of wealth and social status.【答案】1.longest 句意：作为世界上最长的跨海大桥，港珠澳大桥未来预计会开通5G网络服务。

秘笈11 语篇型填空考点1：名词弄清数与格。

即名词是否该用复数，是否要用所有格。

考点2：代词⑴指代对象(通常是前面出现的名词或整句)，是人还是事物，是男还是女，是单数还是复数，是作主语还是作宾语。

⑵如是物主代词(表示某人的)，作主语、宾语或表语用名词性物主代词，在名词前作定语只能用形容词性物主代词。

⑶反身代词反指谁，它通常作主语和宾语的同位语，这时应与主语或宾语一致；也可作某些动词或介词的宾语，这时需与主语一致。

考点3：冠词不定冠词表示泛指，可译作＂一个/本/座/……＂等；定冠词表示特指，相当于＂这，这些，那，那些＂。

另外，搞清特指上文出现的或谈话双方心目中都知道的人或事物用the，以及在序数词前、最高级前、独一无二的事物名词之前，用the。

考点4：连词（1）并列连词。

连接两个或几个词、短语或句子的并列连词有and, or, but, neither…nor, either…or, whether…or等。

（2）从属连词①引导名词性从句的连接代词或连接副词(有意思，并在从句中作句子成分)，以及that(不作任何句子成句，没有任何意义), 和表示＂是否＂的whether/if。

其中要特别注意连接代词what的意义和用法。

②引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词。

注意关系词是代表先行词并在定语从句中作句子成分的。

③引导状语从句的从属连词。

考点5：介词要是at, in, on, for, since, with, without, from, as, after, before, behind等表示时间、地点、原因等的介词以及习惯用语中的介词。

考点6：助动词⑴构成行为动词一般现在时和一般过去时的疑问句和否定句的do, does, did。

⑵强调行为动词一般现在时和一般过去时的谓语动词的do, does, did。

⑶构成部分倒装的do, does, did。

考点7：谓语动词谓语动词主要考虑时态、语态、语气、主谓一致等。

高考英语语法填空专题练习A组课标卷题组Passage 1 (2021全国甲)话题:物质文化遗产难度:中The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It 1 (build) originally to protect the city 2 the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复). It is possible 3 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.After 4 (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 5 (good) than to ride on a piece of history!We 6 (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 7 did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 8 way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 9 (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 10 (day) routines.答案[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。

2018全国高考英语试题分析及2019届备考建议2018高考英语试题、答案、分析（全国1卷）2018年高考英语全国I卷试题整体难度与往年大体相同。

无论从题目的难度，还是题型的设置上，基本都延续了2017年的出题模式，重视对学生基础知识的考查，题型稳定,同时继续深化对英语实际使用能力的考查，相对弱化语法，加强阅读，应用文写作愈加体现交际功能和中国文化等，整张试卷处处透露着回归英语语言本质的特色.试卷结构听力取材还是学生熟悉的日常话题，更加体现英语的应用性。

阅读理解体裁多样，有记叙文、说明文、应用文等，侧重考查学生的细节理解能力和推理判断能力。

完形填空和往年一样是我们常见的记叙文，着重考查实词在语篇中的准确运用,难度适中。

语法填空和短文改错涉及到动词、形容词、副词、名词等常见考点。

书面表达是学生熟悉的书信文体，话题是近几年高考重点考查的中国文化专题，形式还是熟悉的提纲作文，给考生提供了充分的拓展空间，具有开放性.模块分析（一)阅读理解1。

阅读理解考查情况2018年阅读依然是重点考查考生对文章内容的细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测、主旨归纳以及文章标题的处理能力.A、B篇题目以细节理解题和推理判断题为主，A篇是一篇典型的应用文,考生可直接抓取题目关键词定位原文解题；B篇主要介绍一档英国系列电视节目，给观众介绍如何减少食物浪费以及如何以较少的预算做出美味佳肴;而C、D篇重语篇的理解，对于词汇量有较高的要求。

题材贴近生活，与时代变迁紧密相连，所宣扬的价值观也符合主流思想。

2。

阅读理解学习意义与导向高考阅读理解旨在考查考生语言的综合运用能力，要求考生能读懂书籍、报纸、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关的信息。

要求考生做到：理解文章主旨要义、理解文中具体信息、依据上下文推断生词词义、作出简单判断和推理、理解文章基本结构、理解作者的意图、观点和态度.阅读理解体裁多样，以说明文、记叙文、应用文和议论文为主;话题广泛,和中学生生活密切相关，包括人物故事、前沿科技、环境保护、地理现象、历史文化、广告信息等;题型灵活多样，以细节理解题、主旨大意题、推理判断题和词义猜测题为主，突出考查考生理解和运用语言解决问题的基本能力。

语篇填空专题突破练131(2018重庆质量调研抽测)Now,I’d like to share what I 1. (learn) through Travelling Guide a few weeks ago.Thousands of visitors each year enjoy Haleakala National Park,one of 2. most unusual national parks in the United States,on the island of Maui.Ships stop at the island and buses take 3. (group) of visitors to see the huge volcano there.Visitors also may take a walk in the rainforest 4. (create) by the volcano thousands of years ago.The park offers visitors a sight of nature at 5. majorities of people never have the chance to take a look.At the top of Haleakala,6. (look) down inside what is the most active part of the volcano,we can see that the volcano has left thousands of different shapes of lava(熔岩) stone ever since.Hundreds of years 7. rain and bright sun have cut long paths in the stone.There are mainly 3 stone areas.One big area seems 8. (be) deep and dark red.9. two areas seem almost yellowand green.It looks as if someone spilled(泼洒) many colors of paint over the huge areas.The lava stone areas are 10. (color) because the lava is rich in many kinds of【解题导语】本文是说明文,主要介绍了哈雷阿卡拉国家公园。

全国高考二卷语法填空及短文改错分类复习资料系列-- 一非谓语动词2014—2018高考语法填空题及改错分类汇编及近期错题集（一）．2014--2018全国卷语法填空非谓语动词考查（共28个）2018（I）1) You don’t have to run fast or for long _____________(see) the benefit.2) You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of _________(die) early by running.2018（II）1) The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice _______(improve) water quality.2) China’s approach to protecting its environment while ___________(feed) its citizens…2018（III）1）I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ___________(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel ______________(challenge).2) Once his message was delivered, he allowed me ___________( stay) and watch.2017（I）1）Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required _____________ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.2) …by ____________(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than theyneed in their diet.2017（II）1) This included digging up the road, ______________( lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.2017（III）1) But unlike her school friends,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term _______(rest).2) But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants ___________( prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.2016（I）1) …I was the first Western TV reporter ____________(permit) to film a special unit…2) My ambassadorial duties will include _____________( introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas…2016（II）…you’ll be less likely ___________(bring) your work home.2016（III）1) Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal ___________(create) special designs.2) People probably cooked their food in large pots,_________( use) twigs (树枝) to remove it.2015（I）1) A study of travelers ____________(conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.2) Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people __________ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.2015（II）1）The adobe dwellings(土坯房) ________(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.2）In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition”a house without ________(use)electric equipment.3)When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough .________ (cool) the house during the hot day;.2014（I）1) It took years of work ___________( reduce) the industrial pollution…2) While there are _____________(amaze) stories of instant transformation…2014（II）1) One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about________(be) late for school.2) There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and _______________(disappoint).3) I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused _______(stop) until we reached the next stop.4) Still, the boy kept __________(ride).已考查的语法项目：动词-ing作定语2动词-ed作定语3动词-ing作状语3动词不定式作状语5动词不定式作主语1动词-ing作动词宾语3动词-ing作介词宾语4动词不定式作宾语2动词不定式作宾补、主补2动词-ed作表语2未考查但《课程标准》作要求的语法项目：动词-ing作主语Laughing at others is impolite.动词-ing作补语You can’t imagine him treating his mother like that.动词-ed作状语Invited to the party, he felt very honored.动词不定式作定语Is this the best way to help him?动词不定式作表语My job is to help the patient.（二）短文改错近四年高考非谓语动词考查（共8个）2018 （Ⅰ）My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish.2018 （Ⅱ）As a kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me.2018（Ⅲ）Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.2017（Ⅰ）The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!”2017 （Ⅱ）In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden,……2016(Ⅱ) We can choose between staying at home and take a trip.2016(Ⅲ) I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.2015(Ⅱ) After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found that his parents were missing.（三）非谓语动词错题集:1.More and more people are learning to surf the Internet, _________(take) advantage of the convenience and efficiency benefits.2.A great number of students __________ (question) said they were forced to practise the piano.改错：After class, many students being interviewed spoke highly of her.3.There _________(be) a lack of money, we had to put off building this special school.4.If you choose to home-school your child, there is no one else for you _________(blame) if your child does poorly.5.The younger generation in particular are ready __________ (embrace) the electric revolution.6.Bur over time, he grew increasingly _________ (annoy) that he had no place to store his board once he arrived.* When I talk with some of my friends, they talk as playing, which is really an ________(annoy).7.The world-known Silk Road across the Eurasian Continent is a friendship bridge _______(link) the European and Asian people.8._____________ (suffer) from cancer made his father painful and in low spirits.9.On the first day, I was so nervous that I felt my heart __________(beat) widely.)10.Scientists from the university of York, UK find that chimps don’t appreciate _________(listen) to music, despite their DNA ___________（be）96 to 98 percent similar to that of humans.ter that day came a call ____________(say) my father was in hospital.12.Now my website and Taobao store _________(connect) foreigners with China are like bridges.13.And now with Meghen Markle about ________(become) a new member, the family is thrilled.14.Instead of having a travel agency ___________(arrange) our transportation and accommodations we booked the train tickets and hotel rooms on the Internet by ourselves.15.Both Lancashire and London claim to be the first ___________(invent) this famous meal. (四）非谓语动词语篇配套专练配套练习一：2017年浙江卷语法填空改编Last October, while 1.__________(tend) her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small carrots and was about 2.__________( throw) them away. But something made her 3._________(look) closer, and she noticed a shining object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her longlost wedding ring.Pahlsson screamed so loudly that her daughter came 4__________(run) from the house. “She thought I had hurt myself，” says Pahlsson.Sixteen years earlier, Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 5.________ (cook) a meal. When she wanted 6.___________( put )the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters—then ten, eight, and six—had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn't. Pahlsson and her husband searched the kitchen, 7.____________(check) every corner, but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of 8._________(find) my ring again，” she says. She never replaced it.Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 9.________ (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, where it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was a wonder.配套练习二：2016·四川卷语法填空改编The giant panda is loved by people throughout the world.Chinese scientists recently had a chance 1. __________(study) a wild female panda with a newborn baby.She was a very caring mother.For 25 days,she never left her baby, not even to find something 2. __________ (eat)! She would not let any other pandas 3. ____________(come) near. She licked the baby constantly 4. ____________( keep) it clean.Any smell might attract natural enemies that would try 5.__________( eat) the little panda.The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does. If it cried,she rocked it back and forth and gave it little 6. __________(comfort) pats,The mother continued 7. ____________(care) for the young panda for more than two years.By that time,the panda no longer needed its mother for food. However,it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest.Then,after two and a half years,the mother drove the young panda away.It was time for her 8. ___________( have) a new baby, and it was also time for the young panda 9. ___________( be) independent.2014—2018高考语法填空题及改错分类汇编及近期错题集非谓语动词练习答案：（一）2014--2018全国卷语法填空2018（I）1）to see 2) dying2018（II）1) to improve 2) feeding2018（III）1) looking / challenged 2) to stay2017（I）1) to process 2) eating2017（II）laying2017（III）1) resting 2) to prove2016（I）1) permitted 2) introducing2016（II）to bring2016（III）1) to create 2) using2015（I）1) conducted 2) living2015（II）1) built 2) using 3) to cool2014（I ) 1) to reduce 2) amazing2014（II）1) being 2) disappointed 3) to stop 4) riding （二）短文改错近四年高考非谓语动词考查2018 （Ⅰ）sell -- selling2018（II）watching -- watch 去掉not与let之间的to 2018（III）wait --waiting2017（I）turning -- turn2017（II）interesting -- interested2016（II）take -- taking2016（III）wear -- wearing2015（II）looks -- looking三、非谓语动词错题集:1. taking2. questioned / 删除being3. being4. to blame5. to embrace6. annoyed / annoyance7. linking8. Suffering9. beating 10. listening11. saying 12. connecting 13. to become 14. arrange 15. to invent四非谓语动词语篇配套专练配套练习一1. tending 2. to throw 3. look 4. running 5. to cook 6. to put7.checking 8. finding 9. swept配套练习二1. to study 2. to eat 3. come 4. to keep 5. to eat 6. comforting 7 . to care/ caring 8. to have 9. to be。

2018全国卷I 语篇填空According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.W hile running regularly can’t make you live forever,the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do.But otherwise it’s probably running. To avoid kneepain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get go od running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always69 (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.答案：61. longer 62. to see 63. dying 64. is 65. than 66. that/which 67. causes 68. strengthen 69. energetic 70. it/running2018全国卷II 语篇填空Diets have changed in China—and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, thecountry 61 (grow) more corn thanrice. Corn production has jumpednearly 125 percent over62__ past 25years, while rice has increased only 7percent.A taste for meat is 63 (actual) behindthe change: An important part of itscorn is used to feed chickens, pigs,and cattle. Another reason for corn’srise: The government encouragesfarmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve) water quality. Corn usesless water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 66 (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, Chinaaccounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe) fertilizer consumption. TheChinese Ministry of Agriculture findsthat between 2005—when thegovernment 68 (start) a soil-testingprogram 69 gives specific fertilizerrecommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7million tons. That prevented the emission (排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China’s approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and foodpolicymakers worldwide,”says the bank’s Juergen V oegele.答案：61. has grown 62. the 63. actually 64. to improve 65. than66. pollution 67. global 68. started 69. that/which 70. feeding 2018全国卷III语篇填空I’m not sure 61 is more frightened,me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) thatsuddenly appears out of nowhere. I’mwalking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 63 (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head toavoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel 65 (challenge).My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a 66 (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find68 (they) alive. True to a gorilla’sunaggressive nature, the hugeanimal69 (mean) me no real harm. Hewas just saying, “I’m king of thisforest, and here is your reminder!”Once his message was delivered, heallowed me 70 (stay) and watch.答案:61. who/which62. the 63. loudest64. looking 65. challenged66. scientist 67. for 68. them69. meant 70. to stay。

第一部分必修一Unit 2Ⅰ.单句语法填空导学号 424920331．With our knowledge __based__(base) on practice, we can make great contributions to our country.解析：考查非谓语动词。

此处是with的复合结构，our knowledge与base构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故填过去分词。

2．Oprah(奥普拉), the queen of American daytime talk TV, __is_recognized__(recognize) as one of the most powerful women in the world.解析：考查固定句式。

be recognized as...被公认是……。

3．Though they found the road __blocked__(block), they decided to move on.解析：考查非谓语动词。

block与road构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故填过去分词。

4．Although this is the first time that the plan __has_come__(come) up at the meeting, it has caused much concern.解析：考查固定句式。

It is the first time that...句型中that从句谓语动词要用现在完成时。

5．According to the rules of the hotel, guests __are_requested__(request) to vacate their rooms by noon on one day of departure.解析：考查时态和语态。

规章制度用一般现在时，再由句意可知，用被动语态。

6．The manager gave his command that measures __(should)_be_taken__(take) immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing.解析：考查虚拟语气。

必考语法之虚词：连词、介词、冠词与语法填空保底分1：连词1.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)话题:博物馆说明文词数:237难度: ★★★They kept their collection at home until it got too big 37until they died, and then it was given to a museum.【答案】or【分析】文章介绍了博物馆的藏品的来源、功能以及为吸引游客所做的努力。

【解析】考查并列连词。

根据句意“他们把收藏品保存在家中直到收藏数量过大或者直到他们去世”可知填入表示选择关系的并列连词。

【点睛】本题考查了连词在句子中的使用，在句子中出现明显的并列结构时，我们会使用连词，同时根据前后两部分的逻辑关系，选择合适的连词。

2.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ) 话题:跑步对身体健康的影响词数:196W难度:★★★While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life 65_____ walking, cycling or swimming.【答案】than【分析】本文是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了跑步对身体健康的影响,以及应该注意的事项。

【解析】than。

考查连词。

根据前面的more effective可知,此处表示“跑步在延长生命方面比步行、骑车或游泳更有效”,故使用表示比较形式的连词than。

【点睛】本题考查了表示比较关系的连词than,在具体的语境中，如果出现了比较的情况或者比较明显的出现了比较级，则我们会使用有比较关系的连词than。

连词必考点1.连词是一种虚词，用于连接单词、短语、从句或句子，在句子中不单独用作句子成分。

连词按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词。

并列连词：用于连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子，如and, but, or, for等；从属连词：主要是引出名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等)和状语从句(时间状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句等)的连词，如引出名词性从句的连词如that, whether等，引出状语从句的连词如when, because, since, if 等。

江苏省2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语答案解析第一部分：听力1.【答案】B2.【答案】C3.【答案】C4.【答案】B5.【答案】A6.【答案】B7.【答案】A8.【答案】B9.【答案】C10.【答案】C11.【答案】A12.【答案】B13.【答案】A14.【答案】A15.【答案】C16.【答案】B17.【答案】C18.【答案】B19.【答案】C20.【答案】A第二部分：英语知识运用第一节：单项填空21.【答案】D【解析】句意：乘船是来这里的唯一途径，这也是我们到达这里用的方法。

根据By boat及语境可知，此处指方式和方法，故用how。

【考点】表语从句。

22.【答案】C【解析】句意：孩子们不应该看暴力电影，因为他们可能会模仿他们看到的东西。

A项意为“表明，表示”；B项意为“调查”；C项意为“模仿”；D项意为“创新”。

【考点】动词辨析。

23.【答案】B【解析】句意：自动驾驶是中国和世界其他国家都处于同一起跑线上的领域。

分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，句中an area为先行词，在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导该定语从句。

【考点】定语从句。

24.【答案】B【解析】句意：真奇怪，他竟然未经主人的许可就把书拿走了。

should可表示“惊讶”的语气，意为“竟然”，符合语境。

【考点】情态动词辨析。

25.【答案】A【解析】句意：发展长江经济带是一个系统化的项目，它需要清晰的路线图和时间表。

A.项意为“需要，需求”；B项意为“拜访；请求；号召”；C.项意为“取消；转移；喊走”；D项意为“召集；征召入伍”。

【考点】动词短语辨析。

26.【答案】D【解析】句意：在此期间，新增就业岗位约13500个，超过市场分析师所预测的12000个。

分析该句结构可知，空处作全句的结果状语，表示自然而然导致的结果，故用现在分词。

【考点】非谓语动词。

27.【答案】A【解析】句意：这个村子里的社交生活很好。

我希望我能再有一次机会更好地融入这里。

1. 2017年高考英语全国卷1阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community 1) _____________ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 2) __________ (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 3) __________ (process)the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 4) ____________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 5)___________ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 6) _________ (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 7) _____________ (be) full of fat and salt; by 8) __________ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack吃,点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 9) ___________ (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 10) __________ is not good for the health.2. 2017年高考英语全国卷2阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。