英汉互译技巧 3

英汉句式翻译—转换法(英→ 汉)
2. 成分转换 c. 宾语 主语或谓语
Light beams can carry more information than radio signals because light has a much higher frequency than radio waves. 光束运载的信息比无线电信号运载的信息多，因为光的 频率比无线电波的频率高。 The secretary cast impatient glances at the young man, turned away without answering his question. 秘书不耐烦地看了看这年轻人，转过头去，没有理睬他 的问题。
英汉词汇翻译—转换法(英→ 汉)
1. 词类转换 a. 名词 副词
The new mayor earned some appreciation by the courtesy of coming to visit the city poor. 新市长礼貌性地前来看望城市贫民，获得了他们的一些好 感。 When he catches a glimpse of a potential antagonist, his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor. 一发现有可能反对他的人，他就本能地用他的魅力和风趣 将这人争取过来。 I have the honor to inform you that your request is granted. 我荣幸地通知你，你请求批准了。
英汉词汇翻译—转换法(英→ 汉)
1. 词类转换 f. 代词 名词
The great scientist hated failure; he had conquered it all his life, risen above it, and despised it in others. 这位伟大的科学家憎恶失败，他一生曾战胜失败，超越 失败，并藐视别人的失败。 Flattery is more dangerous than hatred because it covers the stain which the other causes to be wiped out. 阿谀比怨恨更危险，因为阿谀掩盖了污点，而怨恨却能 使人消除污点。 The temperature of the hot body falls while that of the cold one rises. 热物体的温度下降而冷物体的温度上升。
英汉词汇翻译—转换法(英→ 汉)
1. 词类转换 c. 形容词 动词、名词、 动词、名词、副词
Shortly after his election as President, his advisers were reported as recommending lower taxes and higher government spending. 据说，他当选总统后不久，他的顾问们就建议降低税收， 扩大政府开支。 Steven was eloquent and elegant, but soft. 史蒂夫有口才、有风度，但很软弱。 All peace-loving people demand the complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons. 一切爱好和平的人都要求全面禁止核武器，彻底销毁核 武器。
英汉翻译技巧
转换法
英汉词汇翻译—转换法(英→ 汉)
a. 名词 b. 动词 1. 词类转换 c. 形容词 d. 副词 动词、 动词、形容词或副词 名词、副词 名词、 动词、名词、 动词、名词、副词 动词、名词、 动词、名词、形容词 动词
e. 介词 短语 介词(短语 短语) f. 代词 名词
英汉句式翻译—转换法(英→ 汉)
英汉句式翻译—转换法(英→ 汉)
2. 成分转换 d. 状语 主语、定语、 主语、定语、补语
We know that oxygen is necessary for the breathing of animals and plants, and for burning. 我们知道，动植物呼吸和燃烧都需要氧气。 In this world, things are complicated and are decided by many factors. 世上的事情是复杂的，是由各方面的因素决定的。 The pretty doll was placed too high for her to get it down. 漂亮的洋娃娃放得太高，她拿不下来。
英汉句式翻译—转换法(英→ 汉)
2. 成分转换 b. 谓语 主语
It is surprising that the naughty boy behaved very well in such a big party. 令人吃惊的是，在如此盛大的晚会上那个顽皮男孩的表 现相当不错。 Water with salt conducts electricity very well. 盐水的导电性能良好。
英汉词汇翻译—转换法(英→ 汉)
1. 词类转换 e. 介词 短语 介词(Baidu Nhomakorabea语 短语) 动词
They worked long hours on meager food, in cold caves, by dim lamps. 他们长时间工作，吃的是粗茶淡饭，住的是冰冷的窑洞， 点的是暗淡的油灯。 If a man couldn’t walk into a room and tell who was for him and who was against him, then he wasn’t much of a politician. 要是一个人不能一上任就看出谁支持他、谁反对他，那 么他就不配搞政治。
a. 主语 b. 谓语 2. 成分转换 c. 宾语 d. 状语 e. 定语 谓语、宾语、 谓语、宾语、状语或定语 主语 主语或谓语 主语、定语、 主语、定语、补语 谓语、状语、 谓语、状语、表语
英汉词汇翻译—转换法(英→ 汉)
1. 词类转换 a. 名词 动词
1)由动词派生的名词 2)具有动作意味的名词 3)以-er结尾表示身份或职业的名词 4)作为习语主体的名词 Difference between the social systems of states shall not be an obstacle to their approach and cooperation. 各国社会制度的不同，不应妨碍彼此接近和相互合作。 The application of electronic computers makes for a tremendous rise in labor productivity. 使用电子计算机可以大大提高劳动生产率。
英汉句式翻译—转换法(英→ 汉)
2. 成分转换 a. 主语 谓语、宾语、 谓语、宾语、状语或定语
Care must be taken at all times to protect the instrument from dust and damp. 应当始终注意保护仪器，使其不沾灰尘、不受潮。 As the match burns, heat and light are given off. 火柴燃烧时发出光和热。 Bad weather prevented us from going camping last weekend. 上周末因天气不好，我们没去野营。 Without air, the earth would undergo extreme changes in temperature. 没有空气，地球上的温度会发生极大的变化。
英汉词汇翻译—转换法(英→ 汉)
1. 词类转换 d. 副词 动词、名词、 动词、名词、形容词
The electronic computer is chiefly characterized by its accurate and quick computations. 电子计算机的主要特点是计算准确而迅速。 It is officially announced that the President had decided to postpone his visit to the Middle East. 官方宣布，总统已经决定推迟出访中东。 He is strong physically, but weak mentally. 他体力很强，可智力很弱。 The librarian told me that the book was out. 图书管理员告诉我，那本书借出去了。
英汉词汇翻译—转换法(英→ 汉)
1. 词类转换 b. 动词 名词、 名词、副词
The most U.S. spy satellites are designed to burn up in the earth’s atmosphere after completing their missions. 美国大多数间谍卫星，按其设计，在完成使命后将在大气层中焚毁。 Satellites, however, must be closely watched, for they are constantly being tugged at by the gravitational attraction of the sun, moon and earth. 然而，由于经常受到太阳、月亮及地球引力的影响，对卫星的活动必 须加以密切的观察。 Underground water reserves are much larger than those on the surface, but as they are unseen we tend to underestimate them. 地下水的储量比地表水大得多，但由于看不见，我们往往会低估地下 水的储量。
英汉词汇翻译—转换法(英→ 汉)
1. 词类转换 a. 名词 形容词
由形容词派生的名词，以及有些加不定冠词的名词
We are deeply convinced of the correctness of this policy and firmly determined to pursue it. 我们深信这一政策是正确的，并有坚定的决心继续奉行这一政策。 Allow me, on behalf of the delegation that accompanies me and in my own name, to sincerely thank you for this and convey to you the message of friendship and fraternity of our people. 对此，请允许我以陪同我访问的代表团和我本人的名义，向你们表 示诚挚的谢意，并向你们传达我们人民的兄弟般的友好情谊。 Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study. 独立思考对学习是绝对必要的。
英汉词汇翻译—转换法(英→ 汉)
1. 词类转换 a. 名词 动词
The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing. 看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的机声，我感到心驰神 往。 He is in the full conviction that real knowledge is the end product of a thorough study of history. 他深信，只有对历史加以透彻研究才能真正学到知识。 He is no smoker, but his father is a chain-smoker. 他不抽烟，但他父亲却一支接着一支不停地抽。 He took a final look at his former wife, and left without a word. 他最后看了前妻一眼，一言不发地离开了。