林肯评价
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评价林肯
1全评林肯
①林肯是美国著名的资产阶级革命家、政治家,美国南北战争的著名领导人。
②1861年,共和党人林肯就任美国第16任总统,同年4月,美国南北战争爆发。
③战争初期,林肯领导北方军队英勇作战失利,人民要求政府采取更有力的措施。
④1862年,林肯政府颁布了《宅地法》、《解放黑人奴隶宣言》,废除了南方奴隶制,北方军队因此获得了雄厚兵源。
⑤1865年,林肯领导南北战争以北方胜利告终,美国的统一最终得到维护,林肯被南部狂热分子刺杀。
⑥林肯政府通过南北战争,废除了奴隶制度,扫清了资本主义发展障碍,为以后经济发展创造乐条件。
⑦林肯为维护国家统一和解放黑人奴隶制作出了重大贡献,成为美国历史上的著名总统。
2、简评林肯
①林肯是美国著名的资产阶级革命家、政治家,美国南北战争的著名领导人。
②林肯领导了美国南北战争的胜利,颁布了《宅地法》、《解放黑人奴隶宣言》,废除了奴隶制,扫除了美国资本主义发展障碍,维护了国家统一,为美国成为世界强国奠定了基础。
③林肯为维护美国国家统一和解放黑人奴隶制作出了重大贡献,受到美国人民的崇敬,成为美国历史上的著名总统。
3、学习感悟
①学习他全心全意爱民治国、以民为本的精神品质。
②学习他勇于斗争,以国家、民族利益为己任的胸怀与品质。
③学习他坚持不懈,始终不放弃追求和奋斗,而最终超越自我的品质。
④我们要充分学习历史伟人的优秀品质,努力学好科学文化知识。
林肯事迹及评价篇一:林肯励志事迹林肯励志事迹:1.1809年2月12日,亚伯拉罕林肯出生在一个农民的家庭。
小时候,家里很穷,他没机会上学,每天跟着父亲在西部荒原上开垦、劳动。
他自己说:我一生中进学校的时候,加在一起总共不到一年。
但林肯勤奋好学,一有机会就向别人请教。
没钱买纸、笔,他放牛、砍柴、挖地时怀里也总揣着一本书,休息的时候,一边啃着粗硬冰凉的面包,一边津津有味地看书。
晚上,他在小油类下常读书读到深夜。
长大后,林肯离开家乡独自一人外出谋生。
他什么活儿都干,打过短工,当过水手、店员、乡村邮递员、土地测量员,还干过伐木。
2.1834年,25岁的林肯当选为伊利诺斯州议员,开始了他的政治生涯。
1836年,他又通过考试当上了律师。
当律师以后,由于他精通法律,口才很好,在当地很有声望。
很多人都来找他帮着打官司。
但是他为了当事人辩护有一个条件,就是当事人必须是正义的一方。
许多穷人没有钱付给他劳务费,但是只要告诉林肯:“我是正义的,请你帮我讨回公道。
”林肯就会免费为他辩护。
一次,一个很有钱的人请林肯为他辩护。
林肯听了那个客户的陈述,发现那个人是在诬陷好人,于是就说:“很抱歉,我不能替您辩护,因为您的行为是非正义的。
”那个人说:“林肯先生,我就是想请您帮我打这场不正义的官司,只要我胜诉,您要多少酬劳都可以。
”林肯严肃地说:“只要使用一点点法庭辩护的技巧,您的案子很容易胜诉,但是案子本身是不公平的。
假如我接了您的案子,当我站在法官面前讲话的时候,我会对自己说:?林肯,你在撒谎。
?谎话只有在丢掉良心的时候,才能大声地说出口。
我不能丢掉良心,也不可能讲出谎话。
所以,请您另请高明,我没有能力为您效劳。
”3.22岁生意失败23岁竞选州议员失败24岁生意再次失败25岁当选州议员26岁情人去世27岁精神崩溃29岁竞选州议长失败31岁竞选选举人团失败34岁竞选国会议员失败37岁当选国会议员39岁国会议员连任失败46岁竞选参议员失败47岁竞选副总统失败49岁竞选参议员再次失败51岁当选美国总统这个人就是阿伯拉罕·林肯。
对林肯的历史评价是怎样的导读:我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《对林肯的历史评价是怎样的》的内容,具体内容:亚伯拉罕林肯是美国第 16 任总统,领导了拯救联邦和结束奴隶制度的伟大斗争。
以下是我为大家整理的对林肯的历史评价是这怎样的,希望能帮到你。
对林肯的历史评价是...亚伯拉罕林肯是美国第 16 任总统,领导了拯救联邦和结束奴隶制度的伟大斗争。
以下是我为大家整理的对林肯的历史评价是这怎样的,希望能帮到你。
对林肯的历史评价是这怎样的亚伯拉罕林肯 (Abraham Lincoln)(1809年02月12日-1865年04月15日),是美国第16任总统,首位共和党总统,也是首位被暗杀的美国总统。
他为推动美国社会向前发展作出了巨大贡献,受到美国人民的崇敬。
是世界历史中最伟大的人物之一,领导了拯救联邦和结束奴隶制度的伟大斗争。
人们怀念他的正直、仁慈和坚强的个性,他一直是美国历史上最受人景仰的总统之一。
尽管他在边疆只受过一点儿初级教育,担任公职的经验也很少,然而,他那敏锐的洞察力和深厚的人道主义意识,使他成了美国历史上最伟大的总统。
共产主义革命导师马克思十分高度地评价林肯说:"他是一个不会被困难所吓倒、不会为成功所迷惑的人,他不屈不挠地迈向自己的伟大目标,而从不轻举妄动,他稳步向前,而从不倒退......总之,他是一位达到了伟大境界而仍然保持自己优良品质的极其罕有的人物。
"林肯1809年02月12日出生于肯塔基州哈定县一个普通农民家庭,青年时代先后当过售货员、乡邮员、测量员和木工等,1832年竞选伊利诺伊州议员失败,1833至1836年任伊利诺伊州新塞勒姆邮政局局长。
1834年8月,他作为辉格党人当选为伊利诺伊州议员并连任三届至1842年,1836年通过自学取得律师资格,后在斯普林菲尔德合伙开办律师事务所,1847年作为该州辉格党内唯一代表当选为国会众议员。
1856年,林肯因强烈反对扩大奴隶制而退出辉格党,参加新成立的反对奴隶制的共和党,并很快成为该党主要领导人。
早晚期资产阶级革命领袖人物评价※一、评价华盛顿1、全评华盛顿:①华盛顿是美国著名的资产阶级革命家、政治家,美国开国元勋和总统。
②华盛顿领导了美国独立战争,扫除了英国殖民统治,实现了美国独立,有利于美国资本主义发展。
③1775年,北美来克星顿枪声打响,北美大陆会议组建大陆军,华盛顿被任命为大陆军总司令。
④战争初期,华盛顿领导美军灵活作战,克服重重困难,同英军展开英勇斗争。
⑤1777年,华盛顿指挥萨拉托加大捷,美军打败英军,成为了美国独立战争的转折点。
⑥1781年,华盛顿指挥美法军队合围约克镇英军,迫使英军最后投降,美国独立战争胜利结束。
⑦华盛顿领导制定了1787年美国宪法,确立了美国的联邦制、总统选举制,开创了美国的民主政治体制,对美国资本主义发展产生了深远影响。
⑧华盛顿开创了美国历史上摒弃终身的总统制及和平转移权力的范例,赢得了美国人民的尊敬与爱戴,被誉为“美国国父”。
(2)简评华盛顿:①华盛顿是美国著名的资产阶级革命家、政治家,美国开国元勋。
②华盛顿领导了美国独立战争,扫除了英国殖民统治,实现了美国独立,有利于美国资本主义发展。
⑦华盛顿领导制定了1787年美国宪法,确立了美国的联邦制、总统选举制,对美国资本主义发展产生了深远影响。
⑧华盛顿开创了美国民主政治体制,是历届总统的典范,赢得了美国人民的尊敬与爱戴,被誉为“美国国父”。
3、学习感悟:①学习他全心全意爱民治国、以民为本的精神品质。
②学习他勇于斗争,以国家、民族和民众利益至上的胸怀与品质。
③学习他不迷惑权利,主动让权,德才兼备的高贵领袖精神。
④我们要充分学习历史伟人的优秀品质,努力学好科学文化知识。
※二、评价林肯1、全评林肯:①林肯是美国著名的资产阶级革命家、政治家,美国南北战争的著名领导人。
②1861年,共和党人林肯就任美国第16任总统,同年4月,美国南北战争爆发。
③战争初期,林肯领导北方军队英勇作战失利,人民要求政府采取更有力的措施。
④1862年,林肯政府颁布了《宅地法》、《解放黑人奴隶宣言》,废除了南方奴隶制,北方军队因此获得了雄厚兵源。
林肯事迹简介篇一:林肯励志事迹林肯励志事迹:1.1809年2月12日,亚伯拉罕林肯出生在一个农民的家庭。
小时候,家里很穷,他没机会上学,每天跟着父亲在西部荒原上开垦、劳动。
他自己说:我一生中进学校的时候,加在一起总共不到一年。
但林肯勤奋好学,一有机会就向别人请教。
没钱买纸、笔,他放牛、砍柴、挖地时怀里也总揣着一本书,休息的时候,一边啃着粗硬冰凉的面包,一边津津有味地看书。
晚上,他在小油类下常读书读到深夜。
长大后,林肯离开家乡独自一人外出谋生。
他什么活儿都干,打过短工,当过水手、店员、乡村邮递员、土地测量员,还干过伐木。
2.1834年,25岁的林肯当选为伊利诺斯州议员,开始了他的政治生涯。
1836年,他又通过考试当上了律师。
当律师以后,由于他精通法律,口才很好,在当地很有声望。
很多人都来找他帮着打官司。
但是他为了当事人辩护有一个条件,就是当事人必须是正义的一方。
许多穷人没有钱付给他劳务费,但是只要告诉林肯:“我是正义的,请你帮我讨回公道。
”林肯就会免费为他辩护。
一次,一个很有钱的人请林肯为他辩护。
林肯听了那个客户的陈述,发现那个人是在诬陷好人,于是就说:“很抱歉,我不能替您辩护,因为您的行为是非正义的。
”那个人说:“林肯先生,我就是想请您帮我打这场不正义的官司,只要我胜诉,您要多少酬劳都可以。
”林肯严肃地说:“只要使用一点点法庭辩护的技巧,您的案子很容易胜诉,但是案子本身是不公平的。
假如我接了您的案子,当我站在法官面前讲话的时候,我会对自己说:?林肯,你在撒谎。
?谎话只有在丢掉良心的时候,才能大声地说出口。
我不能丢掉良心,也不可能讲出谎话。
所以,请您另请高明,我没有能力为您效劳。
”3.22岁生意失败23岁竞选州议员失败24岁生意再次失败25岁当选州议员26岁情人去世27岁精神崩溃29岁竞选州议长失败31岁竞选选举人团失败34岁竞选国会议员失败37岁当选国会议员39岁国会议员连任失败46岁竞选参议员失败47岁竞选副总统失败49岁竞选参议员再次失败51岁当选美国总统这个人就是阿伯拉罕·林肯。
4月车型推荐林肯航海家作者:来源:《中国汽车市场》2019年第04期汽车蜘蛛值测评:林肯航海家编辑点评:Nautilus在英文里直译为“鹦鹉螺”,这是一种存活了超五亿年的海洋生物。
而在军事上,Nautilus还是美军第一艘、世界首艘核潜艇的名字。
但在今天,用拉丁语翻译过来它成了林肯全新车型“航海家”的代名词。
作为MKC的换代车型,航海家除了要肩负“逆势”的使命外,还要将林肯品牌推向新的高度。
今天我們将从各个维度来测试这款全新的产品,看看它是否值得消费者购买。
网友测评:☆☆☆☆安全评价87分安全作为每辆车最重要的部分,消费者对于它的关注度也在悄然上升。
全新航海家首次引入了Co-Pilot360智能助驾系统和ESA紧急避让转向辅助系统,主动的规避危险搭配被动的成员保护,航海家将安全推向了新的高度。
●主动安全:全新航海家搭载了行人检测防碰撞辅助、紧急制动系统、BLIS盲区检测系统、带CTA两侧来车监测系统、AHB自动远光灯控制、EAPA主动泊车系统、360度全景影像可视系统、驾驶员疲劳警示系统、车道保持、全速自动跟车、SOS碰撞后报警系统、前驻车距离显示系统等。
●被动安全:全车配备主/副驾驶座安全气囊,侧气囊与前后排侧气帘,在发生碰撞时,可以尽量减少冲击,全面地保护了驾驶员与乘客的安全。
●灯光:全新航海家整车均采用亮度更高、点亮速度更快的LED光源,并且前大灯还支持随动转向功能,让夜间行车更安全。
在车辆内部还配有7色可调内舱氛围灯,彰显了豪华感。
●制动距离:作为一款中型SUV,刹车的距离也是考量其安全的重要因素之一。
经实测,全新航海家从100km-Okm的制动距离为33.83米,成绩相比同级其他车型较为出色。
性能测试81分动力方面,全新航海家将提供2.OT、2.7TT两款发动机供选择,最大功率分别为165KW 和237KW。
传动系统方面,升级后的8AT相比上代车型MKC的6AT不管是传动效率还是平顺性都有了质的飞跃。
用史论结合的方法评价历史人物河北司玉红闫凤新在欧洲资本主义制度确立过程中,各国资产阶级政治家功不可没,如华盛顿、拿破仑、林肯等。
对重要历史人物的评价过程是让学生感受历史,体验历史的过程,是当前课程改革中的重要目标之一,它有助于促使学生多种能力的提高和整体教学目标的完成。
全面、辩证地评价重要的历史人物也是中考考查的重要内容。
所以,一定要让学生学会评价历史人物的方法。
评价历史人物的方法有多种:如“论从史出、史论结合”的方法、“画龙点睛”的方法等。
其中的“论从史出、史论结合”方法是我们评价历史人物常用的方法。
下面以评价华盛顿为例,说明论从史出、史论结合方法的运用。
【人物传真】华盛顿(1732~1799),美国首任总统(1789~1797),美国独立战争大陆军总司令。
1732年2月22日生于弗吉尼亚,卒于1799年12月14日。
没有受过系统的学校教育。
早年当过土地测量员。
1752年,成为维农山庄园的主人。
曾参加七年战争,获中校和上校衔,积累了军事指挥的经验。
1758年当选为弗吉尼亚议员。
翌年与富孀M.D.卡斯蒂斯结婚,获得大批奴隶和60.75平方千米土地,成为弗吉尼亚最大的种植园主。
在经营农场、手工作坊的过程中,华盛顿饱尝了英国殖民当局限制、盘剥之苦。
1774年和1775年,先后作为弗吉尼亚议会的代表出席第一届、第二届大陆会议。
1775年7月3日,华盛顿就任大陆军总司令。
他把一支组织松散、训练不足、装备落后、给养匮乏,主要由地方民兵组成的队伍整编和锻炼成为一支能与英军正面抗衡的正规军。
通过特伦顿、普林斯顿和约克德等战役,击败英军,取得了北美独立战争的胜利。
1783年《巴黎和约》签订,英国被迫承认美国独立。
同年12月23日递交辞呈,解甲归田。
1787年他主持召开费城制宪会议。
制定联邦宪法,为根除君主制,制订和批准维护有产者民主权利的宪法作出不懈的努力。
从而开创美国历史上摒弃终身总统,和平转移权力的范例。
次年,回到维农山庄园。
林肯的评价
林肯是美国历史上最具影响力的总统之一,被广泛认为是美国历史上最伟大的总统之一。
以下是他的一些常见评价:
1. 超凡领导者:林肯在南北战争期间显示出卓越的领导能力和政治智慧。
他的坚定决心和善于抓住机遇的能力使他能够在战争期间保持联邦统一。
2. 奴隶制废除者:林肯是美国历史上最重要的奴隶制废除者之一。
他认为奴隶制违背了美国宪法中的自由和平等原则,并通过解放黑人奴隶的《解放黑奴宣言》进一步推动废奴运动。
3. 民主捍卫者:林肯在南北战争期间坚定维护联邦政府的权威和民主价值观。
他认为分裂将对民主制度造成威胁,并重申了政府的"民有、民治、民享"的原则。
4. 谦逊和正直:林肯被称为"乌木头",因为他表现出了极高的谦虚和正直。
他不满足于权力和财富,而是一心为国家的利益而奋斗。
5. 富有同情心:林肯被人们认为是一个富有同情心的人,关注贫困和受苦的人们。
他的政策和行动反映了他对美国人民的关怀和对社会不平等的承诺。
林肯被普遍认为是一位杰出的领导者、奴隶制废除者和民主捍卫者,他的价值观和决策在美国历史上产生了深远影响。
对林肯英文版的评价林肯是美国宏大的总统之一。
但是我们对他的评价要怎么写呢?下面是我为大家带来对林肯英文版的评价,坚信对你会有协助的。
对林肯的评价篇一1 Lincoln Full Review① Lincoln is a famous American bourgeois revolutionaries, politicians, the United States the famous leader of the Civil War. In 1861, Republican Lincoln became the 16th president of the United States, in April the same year, the outbreak of the Civil War. In the early years of the war, Lincoln led the northern army to brave defeat, the people asked the government to take more forceful measures. In 1862, the Lincoln government promulgated the Homestead Act, the liberation of the Black Slave Declaration, abolished the slavery in the South, the Northern Army was a solid source of manpower.⑤ In 1865, Lincoln led the Northern Civil War to the North victory, the United States eventually be maintained, Lincoln was assassinated by southern fanatics.⑥ Lincoln government through the Civil War, the abolition of the slavery, clear the obstacles to the development of capitalism, for the future economic development to create conditions for music.⑦ Lincoln to maintain national unity and the liberation of slavery madea significant contribution to the history of the United States as a famous president.A Brief Comment on Lincoln① Lincoln is a famous American bourgeois revolutionaries, politicians, the United States the famous leader of the Civil War. ② Lincoln led the American Civil War victory, promulgated the Homestead Act, the liberation of the Black Slave Declaration, the abolition of slavery, to eliminate the obstacles to the development of American capitalism, safeguarding national unity, the United States as the world power laid the foundation .③ Lincoln to maintain national unity and the liberation of black slavery made a significant contribution by the American peoples reverence and become a famous president in American history.3, learning insights① study his wholeheartedly love the people, the spirit of the people-oriented quality.② learn his courage to struggle, to the national, national interests as their responsibility and quality of mind.③ learn his perseverance, and always give up the pursuit and struggle, and ultimately go beyond the quality of self. ④ We should fully study the great quality of the great man of history, and strive to learn scientific and cultural knowledge.对林肯的评价篇二Marx and Lincoln were contemporaries, his evaluation of Lincoln is: This is a will not be intimidated by the difficulties will not be confused by the success of people; his unyielding towards their great goals, and never act rashly Steady, and never retrogression ... ... In short, this is a reached a great realm and still maintain their excellent quality of the rare character of the outstanding moral person was so modest that even he became martyrdom After the fall, the world only to find that he is a hero. Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 - April 15, 1809) the 16th president of the United StatesPolitical party: Republican PartyFebruary 12, 1809, Lincoln was born in Kentucky Harding County, a poor peasant family, the parents of British immigrants descendants. In 1816, the Lincoln family moved to the southwest Indiana, land reclamation for a living.9 years old, Lincolns mother died. A year later, the father married a widow.Stepmother kind and hard-working, treat their ex-wifes children as out.Lincoln also loves the stepmother, a family living in harmony and happiness. Because of family poverty, Lincoln is not a high degree of education. In order to maintain the family plan, when young Lincoln worked as a ferry on the Ohio River, plantation workers, shopkeepers and carpenters. At the age of 18, tall Lincoln was hired by a shipowner, with a flat barge with the people down the Ohio River, sailing thousandsof miles to Orleans. This is the first time he came to a city of 40,000 people.The journey, Lincoln saw the black slaves suffered inhuman treatment. In 1830, the Lincoln family moved again and came to Coles County, Illinois, in the middle of the United States, he said to his partner, until I have a chance to crack down on slavery. Here, Lincoln began to live independently, and in 1832 enlisted. Lincolns time is very short, after the demobilization, the local residents elected enthusiastic official activities of Lincoln for the state legislature candidate, but his first campaign did not succeed. Before the age of 25, Lincoln has no fixed occupation, four to make a living.Adult, he became a local land surveyors, proficient in measurement and calculation, often people are invited to solve the boundary dispute. In the hard work, Lincoln is always a love of reading the youth, his night reading lights always flash to late late. In his youth, Lincoln read all of Shakespeares books, read American History, and read many books on history and literature.Through self-study he made himself a learned and intelligent person. In 1834 August, 25-year-old Lincoln was elected to the state legislators began his political career at the same time management of rural postal services, also engaged in land surveying, and with the help of friends to study the law. A few years later, he became a lawyer. In 1839, Lincoln met a member of the daughter of Mary Todd. She was 21years old, well-educated, beautiful and lively, they married in November 1842, after the birth of four sons.Accumulated the experience of state legislators, in 1847, Lincoln as the Whig party, participated in the congressional election, won the first time, came to the capital of Washington. Before and after, the debate about slavery, has become a major event in American political life.In this debate, Lincoln gradually became anti-slavery. He believes that slavery should eventually be destroyed, first of all in the capital Washington should abolish slavery. Slavery, who represents the interests of the southern plantation owners, frenziedly opposed Lincoln. In 1850, the United States of slave power surge, Lincoln out of Congress, to continue as a lawyer. In 1854, the southern slave owners to enter the new Kansas into the United States, the use of force to force the implementation of slavery, caused a civil war in Kansas.This year, the Republican Party was founded, Lincoln joined, and in 1856 participated in the Republican vice presidential candidate campaign, without success. June 16, 1858, in the same Douglas campaign published a family dispute the famous speech. The House of Splits can not last, he said. I believe that our government can not endure half the freedom of half of slavery. I do not expect federal dissolution, I do not expect the house to collapse, but I do expect it to stop splitting. It will either turn into one thing or all else into another. During this period, he and Douglasconducted a debate on the issue of slavery, Lincoln believes that slavery should be abolished, but must be abolished by peaceful means, although his campaign did not succeed, but greatly expanded the Political influence .In 1860, Lincoln became the Republican presidential candidate, in November, the election announced to 2 million votes was elected the 16th president of the United States, but in the slave-controlled southern 10 states, he did not get a vote.Lincoln was elected president of the news, the rapid expansion of North-South contradictions, adhere to the slavery of the South to Lincolns election as a disaster, Lincoln in South Carolina before the oath to quit the federal .In order to safeguard national unity, war triggered. As the US general election system enjoys popular support, with the election of the new president, the smooth transition of state power into the United States tradition.对林肯的评价篇三The United States of America is a country with a president system. The president of USA is not only head of the state and the government, but also administrative departments of the supreme leader and army commander, usually called Mr.President. There are 44 presidents in the history of the United States. Abraham Lincoln is the 16th one who maintained the unity of the nation and abolished the slavery that influenced the nation much. He is the first Republican president and alsoranked among the greatest president ranked first. USA once held a poll in 20xx--the greatest Americans, Lincoln was elected America figure of second. He is one of the most popular presidents.On February 12, 1809, Abraham Lincoln was born in a poor family in Hardin County in Kentucky prefecture. His parents are descendants of British immigrants, taking farming and hunting.When he was young, he helped the family move firewood, water, do farm work and so on.In 1816, Lincolns family moved to Indiana Southwest. At his age of 9, his mother died who was just 36 years old. Second years, his father married a kindness and enlightened woman named Sarah Bush, and the family lived happily. Because of poverty, his education degree wasnt high. In order to earn money, he was a ferry worker on the Ohio River and a plantation worker when he was young.Lincoln is a man who loves reading. At his young age, he read all the writings of Shakespeare and American history, also read lots of books about history and literature.He became a learned and wisdom man through self-study. He ran for state senator that meant he embarked on a political road since 1832. Finally he was elected president in 1860. In the 28 years, he has undergone a lot of difficulties that normal people cannot imagine. Eight elections, eight voted out, twice failed in business, and even once mental collapse, many times, he could give up, but he didnt. Just because of not giving up, he became one of the greatestpresidents in the history of America.The teacher of the revolution Marx highly evaluated Lincoln, he is a man who will not be scared by difficulties, not to confuse for success, he refuse to be cowed or submit to his great goal, but never act rashly and blindly, he steadily forward, and never back;...... In a word, he is a rare character that achieved the great realm and still maintained his excellent quality. Owing to his view of abolishing slavery, Lincolns election, threatened the benefits of the Southern plantation owners. They certainly dont want a man who advocates the abolition of slavery as their president. Then the Civil War broke out in 1861.At the beginning of the war, Lincoln tried to seek the policy that compromised with the Southern plantation owners. With the military losing ground, Lincoln realized that to abolish slavery truly, there must have sacrifice, peaceful means can not solve any problems. If they want to win the war, they must transfer the enthusiasm of farmers, abolish the slavery, and liberate black slaves .In 1862 May, Lincoln signed the Homestead Act. This measure eliminated the possibility of southern slave owners to seize the western land fundamentally, but also met the urgent needs of the peasants, greatly stimulated the enthusiasm of farmers to participate in. On January 1, 1863,Emancipation Proclamation was promulgated formally, announced the abolition of slavery in the rebel states today, the liberated slaves can callin the union army. Announced the slaves free, fundamentally undermined the rebels fighting force, meanwhile, the Yankees had abundant manpower.In 1864, Lincoln put forward slogan that the people, by the people. It enhanced troops morale. In April, 1865, the Yankees achieved victory in the Civil War, meaning the war that lasted four years ended. The Civil War is called the second revolution after the War of Independence. Lincoln became a symbol of black liberation.Because Lincoln can adapt to the demand of the masses, destroyed slavery in a revolutionary way, and solved the peoples demand for land in the Civil War of the most critical juncture, thus he promoted the development of Americas capitalism, and made important contributions to safeguard national unity and liberate black slaves. Due to the excellent achievements of Abraham Lincoln, he was elected as Americas president again on November 8, 1864. However, Lincoln havent put his post-war policies into effect, tragedy happened. Because slave owners hatred Lincoln extremely. On April 14, 1865 night at ten fifteen, fifth days after the surrender of the Southern army. Lincoln was attacked by an assassin in Ford theatre in Washington. Lincolns unfortunate death caused a huge shock at home and abroad. American people conveyed profound condolences to him, about 7,000,000 people stood mourning funeral procession on both sides of the road, and there are 1,500,000 people looked at Lincolns face with reverence.Lincoln was buried in his hometown --Illinois Springfield. His wife was later buried in there, too. So far, motor vehicle license plate of Illinoiss self-proclaimed State of Lincoln. In 1867, to commemorate Lincoln, one of the greatest presidents in Americans history, the county town of Lancaster County, renamed the Lincoln, and became the states capital. Although not to receive advanced education, Lincoln has excellent eloquence and grace, the direct embodiment is the famous Gettysburg address. The last sentence became the definition of modern democratic government: to enable us to get free living under God in this country, the government of the people, by the people and for the people, shall not perish from the earth. There are four presidential giant statues in the Rushmore National Park, Lincolns is in the right. Lincoln Memorial in the capital of America-- Washington ,is located on the National Mall, is one of the most famous monuments of the national.Lincoln is an outstanding statesman, also a distinguished lawyer. In order to promote the development of American social, Abraham Lincoln has made tremendous contributions. He gained Americans respect, his popularity even more than Washington in Americans mind. Remembered for his integrity, kindness and strong personality, he has been one of the American historys most admired president. Historians regard Washington as the father, while Lincoln as the National salvation. In American, the third Monday of February each year is the Presidents Day,to commemorate the two great leaders. In brief, Abraham Lincoln is the influential president in the American history.对林肯英文版的评价。
名人对钢铁是怎样炼成的评价及出处钢铁是一种重要的材料,广泛应用于建筑、交通、机械制造等领域。
那么,名人对钢铁是怎样炼成的有何评价呢?下面将介绍几位名人对钢铁炼制过程的评价,并给出相应的出处。
我们来看看英国作家查尔斯·狄更斯的评价。
他在小说《双城记》中写道:“钢铁是以巨大的勇气和顽强的毅力炼成的。
”这句话生动地表达了炼制钢铁的艰辛过程,暗示了炼钢工人们在工作中所付出的努力和坚持。
这句话不仅揭示了炼钢工艰苦卓绝的劳动,也反映了人类历史上不断追求进步的精神。
出处:《双城记》第一章。
接下来,让我们来看看苏联作家奥斯特洛夫斯基的评价。
他在小说《钢铁是怎样炼成的》中写道:“钢铁是工人和农民的汗水凝结而成的。
”这句话强调了劳动者的辛勤付出是钢铁产生的原动力。
他通过描写主人公帕维尔·科察林的成长经历,展现了工人阶级在苏联工业化进程中的重要作用。
出处:《钢铁是怎样炼成的》第一章。
除了文学作品,许多历史人物也对钢铁炼制过程有过评价。
比如,美国总统亚伯拉罕·林肯曾说过:“钢铁是现代文明的基石。
”这句话强调了钢铁在现代社会中的重要性,它支撑着建筑、交通、制造等各个行业的发展。
林肯的这句评价表达了他对钢铁工业的重视和对工业化进程的推崇。
出处:亚伯拉罕·林肯的演讲和信件。
中国历史上的名人也对钢铁炼制过程有过评价。
例如,清代学者顾炎武在《天工开物》中写道:“钢铁炼制是一门艺术,需要工匠们的智慧和技巧。
”这句话强调了炼钢工艺的复杂性和炼钢工匠们的技术水平。
顾炎武通过对炼钢技术的介绍,展示了中国古代科技的辉煌成就。
出处:《天工开物》第一卷。
名人对钢铁是怎样炼成的有着不同的评价。
英国作家狄更斯强调了勇气和毅力,苏联作家奥斯特洛夫斯基强调了劳动者的付出,美国总统林肯强调了钢铁在现代社会中的重要性,中国学者顾炎武强调了炼钢工艺的复杂性。
这些评价不仅反映了钢铁炼制的困难和重要性,也体现了不同历史时期和不同国家对工业化进程的关注和推崇。
对linkinpark的评价
评价(一)
全球超霸级的流行摇滚乐队。
把摇滚和rap结合在一起。
是很多人心目中新一代摇滚的始祖。
相当团结的一个团队。
而且并不以商业价值作为唯一的追求。
评价(二)
林肯公园,新世代的音乐顽童,无门无派,嬉笑怒骂游走于各门各派之间,博采众家之长,是这个时代独一无二的混种音乐霸王。
林肯公园认为“混合理论”就是乐队努力的目标,乐风融入另类摇滚、嘻哈节奏、炫丽的电子乐等元素,成为了摇滚乐E世代的精神堡垒。
评价(三)
林肯公园的现场,是一种低调的摇滚震撼。
和很多重金属乐队不同的是,他们从不以发泄为借口而滥用粗俗字眼;相反地,他们执着于将沮丧、痛苦和孤独的情绪转移到强大的音乐中,因此专辑中的歌曲大部分都传递着积极意义,带给世人宣泄、纾解和治愈的力量。
乐队成员在工作中的团结一致,在音乐上的积极追求,在生活上的低调纯粹,在公益上的不懈努力,都使得这支乐队显得如此的特别,充满阳光。
甚至曾对年轻人音乐一无所知的联合国秘书长潘基文,都成为了他们的忠实歌迷。
评价(四)
执着追求信仰,低调博采众长。
林肯公园出道至今,不断挑战自我,突破音乐界限。
在世界范围内不仅引发着混合音乐风暴,也激励着不甘人后的年青人们发现自身力量。
在他们的身后,是年青人自由、博大、包容的精神世界。
林肯的简要评价介绍林肯(Abraham Lincoln)是美国历史上最伟大的总统之一,他在美国内战期间领导了联邦政府,并发表了著名的《葛底斯堡演说》,为结束奴隶制和巩固美国的统一做出了重大贡献。
本文将全面、详细、完整地探讨林肯的政治理念、执政成就以及对美国历史的深远影响。
政治理念人民至上1.林肯坚信人民的力量,他认为政府的一切权力都来自于人民,并应当为人民谋福祉。
2.林肯主张平等和自由,他坚决反对奴隶制,并领导了反对奴隶制的联邦政府。
团结统一1.林肯重视美国的统一,他坚信一个强大而团结的国家才能实现自由和繁荣。
2.林肯在内战期间采取了一系列政策,包括颁布《解放奴隶宣言》和引领南北战争最终胜利等,为实现美国的统一做出了巨大努力。
执政成就奴隶制的废除1.林肯是美国历史上最主要的奴隶制废除者之一,他坚信奴隶制违背了美国宪法的原则。
2.林肯颁布了《解放奴隶宣言》,宣布所有在联邦控制下的奴隶州的奴隶自由。
这一举动在推动奴隶制的废除上起到了重要作用。
葛底斯堡演说1.林肯在1863年在葛底斯堡的战场发表了著名的演讲,他强调了自由和平等的重要性,并表达了对联邦士兵的尊重和敬佩。
2.这篇演讲成为美国历史上最重要的演讲之一,对美国民主和自由的发展产生了深远的影响。
十三、十四、十五宪法修正案1.林肯领导通过了十三、十四和十五宪法修正案,这些修正案废除了奴隶制、赋予黑人公民权利,并禁止因种族、肤色或国籍而歧视公民。
2.林肯的努力为美国的种族平等奠定了基础,并为后来的民权运动提供了重要的法律基础。
对历史的影响奴隶制的结束1.林肯的领导下,美国历史上最黑暗的奴隶制终于结束,为美国的发展带来了巨大改变。
2.这一历史事件不仅改变了美国社会,也对全球范围内奴隶制的废除起到了积极的推动作用。
民主价值的推广1.林肯的政治哲学强调了平等、自由和人民的至上,这些价值观对美国的民主制度产生了深远影响。
2.林肯的领导风格以及他在推动社会正义方面的努力激励了无数后来的政治领袖,他们也以林肯为榜样来推动平等和人权的实现。
对林肯的评价英文版整理名人的(故事)激励着我们成长。
但是对他们的评价要怎么写呢?下面是我为大家带来对林肯的评价英文版,信任对你会有关心的。
对林肯的评价英文版篇一The United States of America is a country with a president system. The president of USA is not only head of the state and the government, but also administrative departments of the supreme leader and army commander, usually called Mr.President. There are 44 presidents in the history of the United States. Abraham Lincoln is the 16th one who maintained the unity of the nation and abolished the slavery that influenced the nation much. He is the first Republican president and also ranked among the greatest president ranked first. USA once held a poll in 2023--the greatest Americans, Lincoln was elected America figure of second. He is one of the most popular presidents.On February 12, 1809, Abraham Lincoln was born in a poor family in Hardin County in Kentucky prefecture. His parents are descendants of British immigrants, taking farming and hunting.When he was young, he helped the family move firewood, water, do farm work and so on.In 1816, Lincolns family moved to Indiana Southwest. At his age of 9, his mother died who was just 36 years old. Second years, his father married a kindness and enlightened woman named Sarah Bush, and the family lived happily. Because of poverty, his education degree wasnt high. In order to earn money, he was a ferry worker on the Ohio River and a plantation worker when he was young.Lincoln is a man who loves reading. At his young age, he read all the writings of Shakespeare and American history, also read lots of booksabout history and literature.He became a learned and wisdom man through self-study. He ran for state senator that meant he embarked on a political road since 1832. Finally he was elected president in 1860. In the 28 years, he has undergone a lot of difficulties that normal people cannot imagine. Eight elections, eight voted out, twice failed in business, and even once mental collapse, many times, he could give up, but he didnt. Just because of not giving up, he became one of the greatest presidents in the history of America.The teacher of the revolution Marx highly evaluated Lincoln, he is a man who will not be scared by difficulties, not to confuse for success, he refuse to be cowed or submit to his great goal, but never act rashly and blindly, he steadily forward, and never back;...... In a word, he is a rare character that achieved the great realm and still maintained his excellent quality. Owing to his view of abolishing slavery, Lincolns election, threatened the benefits of the Southern plantation owners. They certainly dont want a man who advocates the abolition of slavery as their president. Then the Civil War broke out in 1861.At the beginning of the war, Lincoln tried to seek the policy that compromised with the Southern plantation owners. With the military losing ground, Lincoln realized that to abolish slavery truly, there must have sacrifice, peaceful means can not solve any problems. If they want to win the war, they must transfer the enthusiasm of farmers, abolish the slavery, and liberate black slaves .In 1862 May, Lincoln signed the Homestead Act. This measure eliminated the possibility of southern slave owners to seize the western land fundamentally, but also met the urgent needs of the peasants, greatly stimulated the enthusiasm of farmers to participate in. On January 1, 1863,Emancipation Proclamation was promulgated formally, announced the abolition of slavery in the rebel states today, the liberated slaves can call in the union army. Announced the slaves free, fundamentallyundermined the rebels fighting force, meanwhile, the Yankees had abundant manpower.In 1864, Lincoln put forward slogan that the people, by the people. It enhanced troops morale. In April, 1865, the Yankees achieved victory in the Civil War, meaning the war that lasted four years ended. The Civil War is called the second revolution after the War of Independence. Lincoln became a symbol of black liberation.Because Lincoln can adapt to the demand of the masses, destroyed slavery in a revolutionary way, and solved the peoples demand for land in the Civil War of the most critical juncture, thus he promoted the development of Americas capitalism, and made important contributions to safeguard national unity and liberate black slaves. Due to the excellent achievements of Abraham Lincoln, he was elected as Americas president again on November 8, 1864. However, Lincoln havent put his post-war policies into effect, tragedy happened. Because slave owners hatred Lincoln extremely. On April 14, 1865 night at ten fifteen, fifth days after the surrender of the Southern army. Lincoln was attacked by an assassin in Ford theatre in Washington. Lincolns unfortunate death caused a huge shock at home and abroad. American people conveyed profound condolences to him, about 7,000,000 people stood mourning funeral procession on both sides of the road, and there are 1,500,000 people looked at Lincolns face with reverence.Lincoln was buried in his hometown -- Illinois Springfield. His wife was later buried in there, too. So far, motor vehicle license plate of Illinoiss self-proclaimed State of Lincoln. In 1867, to commemorate Lincoln, one of the greatest presidents in Americans history, the county town of Lancaster County, renamed the Lincoln, and became the states capital.Although not to receive advanced education, Lincoln has excellenteloquence and grace, the direct embodiment is the famous Gettysburg address. The last sentence became the definition of modern democratic government: to enable us to get free living under God in this country, the government of the people, by the people and for the people, shall not perish from the earth. There are four presidential giant statues in the Rushmore National Park, Lincolns is in the right. Lincoln Memorial in the capital of America-- Washington ,is located on the National Mall, is one of the most famous monuments of the national.Lincoln is an outstanding statesman, also a distinguished lawyer. In order to promote the development of American social, Abraham Lincoln has made tremendous contributions. He gained Americans respect, his popularity even more than Washington in Americans mind. Remembered for his integrity, kindness and strong personality, he has been one of the American historys most admired president. Historians regard Washington as the father, while Lincoln as the National salvation. In American, the third Monday of February each year is the Presidents Day, to commemorate the two great leaders. In brief, Abraham Lincoln is the influential president in the American history.对林肯的评价英文版篇二Marx and Lincoln were contemporaries, his evaluation of Lincoln is: This is a will not be intimidated by the difficulties will not be confused by the success of people; his unyielding towards their great goals, and never act rashly Steady, and never retrogression ... ... In short, this is a reached a great realm and still maintain their excellent quality of the rare character of the outstanding moral person was so modest that even he became martyrdom After the fall, the world only to find that he is a hero.Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 - April 15, 1809) the 16thpresident of the United StatesPolitical party: Republican PartyFebruary 12, 1809, Lincoln was born in Kentucky Harding County, a poor peasant family, the parents of British immigrants descendants. In 1816, the Lincoln family moved to the southwest Indiana, land reclamation for a living.9 years old, Lincolns mother died. A year later, the father married a widow.Stepmother kind and hard-working, treat their ex-wifes children as out.Lincoln also loves the stepmother, a family living in harmony and happiness. Because of family poverty, Lincoln is not a high degree of education. In order to maintain the family plan, when young Lincoln worked as a ferry on the Ohio River, plantation workers, shopkeepers and carpenters. At the age of 18, tall Lincoln was hired by a shipowner, with a flat barge with the people down the Ohio River, sailing thousands of miles to Orleans.This is the first time he came to a city of 40,000 people. The journey, Lincoln saw the black slaves suffered inhuman treatment. In 1830, the Lincoln family moved again and came to Coles County, Illinois, in the middle of the United States, he said to his partner, until I have a chance to crack down on slavery. Here, Lincoln began to live independently, and in 1832 enlisted. Lincolns time is very short, after the demobilization, the local residents elected enthusiastic official activities of Lincoln for the state legislature candidate, but his first campaign did not succeed. Before the age of 25, Lincoln has no fixed occupation, four to make a living. Adult, he became a local land surveyors, proficient in measurement and calculation, often people are invited to solve the boundary dispute. In the hard work, Lincoln is always a love of reading the youth, his night reading lights always flash to late late. In his youth, Lincoln read all of Shakespeares books, read American History, and readmany books on history and literature.Through self-study he made himself a learned and intelligent person. In 1834 August, 25-year-old Lincoln was elected to the state legislators began his political career at the same time management of rural postal services, also engaged in land surveying, and with the help of friends to study the law. A few years later, he became a lawyer. In 1839, Lincoln met a member of the daughter of Mary Todd. She was 21 years old, well-educated, beautiful and lively, they married in November 1842, after the birth of four sons. Accumulated the experience of state legislators, in 1847, Lincoln as the Whig party, participated in the congressional election, won the first time, came to the capital of Washington.Before and after, the debate about slavery, has become a major event in American political life.In this debate, Lincoln gradually became anti-slavery. He believes that slavery should eventually be destroyed, first of all in the capital Washington should abolish slavery. Slavery, who represents the interests of the southern plantation owners, frenziedly opposed Lincoln. In 1850, the United States of slave power surge, Lincoln out of Congress, to continue as a lawyer. In 1854, the southern slave owners to enter the new Kansas into the United States, the use of force to force the implementation of slavery, caused a civil war in Kansas. This year, the Republican Party was founded, Lincoln joined, and in 1856 participated in the Republican vice presidential candidate campaign, without success. June 16, 1858, in the same Douglas campaign published a family dispute the famous speech. The House of Splits can not last, he said. I believe that our government can not endure half the freedom of half of slavery. I do not expect federal dissolution, I do not expect the house to collapse, but I do expect it to stop splitting. It will either turn into one thing or all else into another.During this period, he and Douglas conducted a debate on theissue of slavery, Lincoln believes that slavery should be abolished, but must be abolished by peaceful means, although his campaign did not succeed, but greatly expanded the Political influence .In 1860, Lincoln became the Republican presidential candidate, in November, the election announced to 2 million votes was elected the 16th president of the United States, but in the slave-controlled southern 10 states, he did not get a vote. Lincoln was elected president of the news, the rapid expansion ofNorth-South contradictions, adhere to the slavery of the South to Lincolns election as a disaster, Lincoln in South Carolina before the oath to quit the federal .In order to safeguard national unity, war triggered. As the US general election system enjoys popular support, with the election of the new president, the smooth transition of state power into the United States tradition.对林肯的评价英文版篇三1 Lincoln Full Review① Lincoln is a famous American bourgeois revolutionaries, politicians, the United States the famous leader of the Civil War. In 1861, Republican Lincoln became the 16th president of the United States, in April the same year, the outbreak of the Civil War. In the early years of the war, Lincoln led the northern army to brave defeat, the people asked the government to take more forceful measures. In 1862, the Lincoln government promulgated the Homestead Act, the liberation of the Black Slave Declaration, abolished the slavery in the South, the Northern Army was a solid source of manpower.① In 1865, Lincoln led the Northern Civil War to the North victory, the United States eventually be maintained, Lincoln was assassinated by southern fanatics.① Lincoln government through the Civil War, the abolition of theslavery, clear the obstacles to the development of capitalism, for the future economic development to create conditions for music.① Lincoln to maintain national unity and the liberation of slavery made a significant contribution to the history of the United States as a famous president.A Brief Comment on Lincoln① Lincoln is a famous American bourgeois revolutionaries, politicians, the United States the famous leader of the Civil War. ① Lincoln led the American Civil War victory, promulgated the Homestead Act, the liberation of the Black Slave Declaration, the abolition of slavery, to eliminate the obstacles to the development of American capitalism, safeguarding national unity, the United States as the world power laid the foundation .① Lincoln to maintain national unity and the liberation of black slavery made a significant contribution by the American peoples reverence and become a famous president in American history.3, learning insights① study his wholeheartedly love the people, the spirit of thepeople-oriented quality.① learn his courage to struggle, to the national, national interests as their responsibility and quality of mind.① learn his perseverance, and always give up the pursuit and struggle, and ultimately go beyond the quality of self. ① We should fullystudy the great quality of the great man of history, and strive to learn scientific and cultural knowledge.对林肯的评价英文版文档内容到此结束,欢迎大家下载、修改、丰富并分享给更多有需要的人。
博文精选以“人”的名义而伟大——关于林肯伟大之处的讨论山东刘作志英国《泰晤士报》曾组织了8位英国顶尖国际和政治评论员组成的一个专家委员会对43位前任美国总统进行了排名。
第十六任——亚伯拉罕·林肯排名第一,当选为“最伟大的美国总统”。
《洛杉矶时报》记者克里斯·艾尔斯表示:“他是我们评判小组中最没有异议的伟大总统人选。
”那么最伟大的总统到底伟大在何处呢?中国古人常有这样的说辞:“在下何德何能敢担此殊荣,惶恐!惶恐!”到底林肯以何德何能担“最伟大”之名呢?说道林肯的能——对美国历史的功绩,我们再熟悉不过了。
他领导北方进步的工商业阶层获得南北战争的胜利,维护了国家的统一;他废除奴隶制,并以身殉道,为资本主义的飞速发展铺平了道路。
这些丰功伟绩无疑是伟大的,但是在美国的众多总统之中显然不能算最伟大。
若论对美国联邦制国家的贡献,他无法和一手缔造了这个国家,确立了这个国家基本原则的“国父”华盛顿相比;若论他对美国社会发展的贡献,他至多与把美国拉出大萧条漩涡的罗斯福打个平手。
尽管如此,在人们心中他是最伟大的,原因其实不在于他对于这个国家的贡献,而在于他始终闪耀着“人”的光辉。
正如同时代的托尔斯泰所说的“他的地位相当于音乐中的贝多芬,诗歌中的但丁,绘画中的拉斐尔和人生哲学中的基督。
即使他不曾当选为总统,也将无可争辩地和现在一样伟大,但是这恐怕只有上帝知道。
”即使世人不知道他的功绩,上帝也会赞叹他的德行。
他是一个不会被困难吓倒的人。
纵观林肯一生以困苦失败居多:他是一个穷木匠的儿子,早年丧母,22岁之前四处打工,干各种粗活杂活以贴补家用。
他只上过不到一年学,完全靠打工的间隙刻苦读书自学成才,为了读到一本好书他可以为书的主人免费干三天活。
如果你拿到他从政之后的履历表,你会看到上面写满了这样的字眼“落选”“失败”“被拒绝”!在26岁的时候他心爱的妻子去世,在内战打的不可开交之际他又遍尝丧子之痛……这就是林肯,他不是没有感觉的铁人,所以忧郁症一直与他纠缠不清。
名人对林肯的历史评价如下:
著名诗人和剧作家朗费罗,称他为“平庸的政治家,但他是一名伟大的人物”。
这是基于他承认林肯并未展现出高人一等的治国才能,也没有政绩显赫,而更胜于普通人的一面,比如,富有同情心,努力追求公平正义,不惜冒着生命的危险来换取公正,从更本质的意义上来说,他是一位伟大的人物。
美国历史学家小阿瑟·米勒曾经指出:“他的家庭、早年的生活、他的人格中具有朴素的道德和罕见的仁慈与忍耐力,都证明他是一位了不起的人物。
”而著名作家马克·吐温也曾这样评价林肯:“他的演讲让整个国家如今受到振奋与启发……一个人几乎可以在一夜之间走红。
”这些都是来自同行以及各界名人对林肯的赞誉。
历史上真实的林肯始终表现出极其强烈的道德自尊感。
例如当传言指责他和已故的第一夫人玛丽曾有染时,他不惜宣布退出政界以正视听。
如果作为一个普通的百姓,这当然是无伤大雅的。
但是林肯要以从政治生涯中获得全国性的显赫威望来重建南部联邦这一似乎要将奴隶制度拖入灾难性深渊的目的,这时候就更应该通过其个人的伟大才能以及英明的政策获得尊重与崇拜而非虚名。
这些名人评价可以从侧面反映出林肯的人格魅力和领导才能。
总的来说,林肯是一位具有高尚品格、杰出智慧、卓越领导才能的政治人物。
他为美国的民主制度、为废除奴隶制度、为国家的和平统一做出了巨大的贡献,赢得了后世的广泛尊敬和赞誉。
这些评价不仅体现了林肯的历史地位和影响力,也反映了他在美国人民心中的地位和价值。
以上内容仅供参考,评价可能因评价者立场、角度不同而有所差异。
马克思与林肯是同时代人,他对林肯的评价是:“这是一个不会被困难所吓倒,不会为成功所迷惑的人;他不屈不挠地迈向自己的伟大目标,而从不轻举妄动稳步向前,而从不倒退……总之,这是一位达到了伟大境界而仍然保持自己优良品质的罕见的人物。
这位出类拔萃的道德高尚的人竟是那样谦虚,以至只有在他成为殉难者倒下去之后,全世界才发现他是一位英雄。
亚伯拉罕·林肯( Abraham Lincoln,1809年2月12日——1865年4月15日) 美国第16 任总统所属政党:共和党1809年2月12日,林肯出生在肯塔基州哈丁县一个清贫的农民家庭,父母是英国移民的后裔。
1816年,林肯全家迁至印第安纳州西南部,开荒种地为生。
9岁的时候,林肯的母亲去世了。
一年后,父亲与一位寡妇结婚。
继母慈祥勤劳,对待前妻的子女如同己出。
林肯也敬爱后母,一家人生活得和睦幸福。
由于家境贫穷,林肯受教育的程度不高。
为了维持家计,少年时的林肯当过俄亥俄河上的摆渡工、种植园的工人、店员和木工。
18岁那年,身材高大的林肯为一个船主所雇佣,与人同乘一条平底驳船顺俄亥俄河而下,航行千里到达奥尔良。
这是他第一次来到一个有4万人口的城市。
旅途中,林肯亲眼看到了黑人奴隶遭受的非人待遇。
他对伙伴说:“等到我有机会来打击奴隶制度的时候,我一定要彻底粉碎它!”1830年,林肯家再次搬迁,来到了美国中部伊利诺斯州的柯尔斯县。
在这里,林肯开始独立生活,并于1832年应征入伍。
林肯当兵的时间很短,退伍后,当地居民推选热心公务活动的林肯为州议员候选人,但是他的初次竞选没有成功。
在25岁以前,林肯没有固定的职业,四处谋生。
成年后,他成为一名当地土地测绘员,因精通测量和计算,常被人们请去解决地界纠纷。
在艰苦的劳作之余,林肯始终是一个热爱读书的青年,他夜读的灯火总要闪烁到很晚很晚。
在青年时代,林肯通读了莎士比亚的全部著作,读了《美国历史》,还读了许多历史和文学书籍。
他通过自学使自己成为一个博学而充满智慧的人。
1834年8月,25岁的林肯当选为州议员开始了自己的政治生涯同时管理乡间邮政所,也从事土地测量,并在友人的帮助下钻研法律。
几年后,他成为一名律师。
1839年,林肯认识了一位议员的女儿玛丽·托德。
她当时21岁,受过良好的教育,美丽而活泼,他们于1842年11月结婚,以后生育了4个儿子。
积累了州议员的经验之后,1847年,林肯作为辉格党的代表,参加了国会议员的竞选,获得了成功,第一次来到首都华盛顿。
在此前后,关于奴隶制度的争论,成了美国政治生活中的大事。
在这场争论中,林肯逐渐成为反对蓄奴主义者。
他认为奴隶制度最终应归于消灭,首先应该在首都华盛顿取消奴隶制。
代表南方种植园主利益的蓄奴主义者则疯狂地反对林肯。
1850年,美国的奴隶主势力大增,林肯退出国会,继续当律师。
1854年,南部奴隶主派人进入新并入美国的堪萨斯,用武力强制推行奴隶制,引起了堪萨斯内战。
这一年,共和党成立,林肯加入,并在1856年参加了共和党的副总统候选人竞选,没有成功。
1858年6月16日,在同道格拉斯竞选时发表了题为《家庭纠纷》的著名演说。
他说:“…分裂之家不能持久‟。
(出自《圣经·新约》“马太福音”──编者注)我相信我们的政府不能永远忍受一半奴役一半自由的状况。
我不期望联邦解散,我不期望房子崩溃,但我的确期望它停止分裂。
它或者将全部变成一种东西,或者全部变成另一种东西。
”在此期间,他与道格拉斯进行了一场关于奴隶制问题的大辩论。
林肯认为,奴隶制应该废除,但必须通过和平的方式来废除。
他的这次竞选虽然没有成功,但大大扩大了政治影响。
1860年,林肯成为共和党的总统候选人,11月,选举揭晓,以200万票当选为美国第16任总统,但在奴隶主控制的南部10个州,他没有得到1张选票。
林肯当选总统的消息传出,美国南北矛盾迅速扩大,坚持蓄奴主义的南方把林肯的当选看作一场灾难,南卡罗来纳州在林肯宣誓就职之前退出联邦。
为了维护国家的统一,战争一触即发。
由于美国的普选制深入人心,随着新总统的当选,国家权力的顺利交接渐成美国的传统。
这当中仅有一次略为例外,就出现在1861年3月林肯就任总统之时。
在3月4日就职典礼的当天早晨,同情南方的人们聚集在街头巷尾散布流言蜚语,甚至传闻有刺客蓄意行凶。
陆军司令特意采取了预防措施,派出士兵在宾夕法尼亚大街两侧警戒,还在国会大厦附近派驻了一个炮兵连。
实际上,那天是平静的。
林肯宣誓就职后,由骑兵护送前往白宫,开始履行总统职务。
但是战争已经不可避免。
林肯就职一个月以后的4月12日,南部联邦的军队攻击了政府的一个要塞,南北战争爆发了。
战争开始时,北方军队打得并不顺利,为了迅速扭转不利的局面,1862年9月22日,林肯颁发了《初步解放宣言》。
当年年底,林肯签署了经过修改的《最后解放宣言》。
他在签署了这个文件后庄严宣布:“在我的一生中,从来没有比此刻签署这个文件时更加坚信自己是正义的。
”根据这个宣言,美国从法律上废除了奴隶制。
1863年7月1日,南北双方军队在宾夕法尼亚州的葛底斯堡进行了关键性战役。
北军获胜,战局从此向有利北方的方向发展。
1864年11月,林肯第二次当选总统。
当选后,林肯以极大的努力要求参众两院通过宪法第13修正案──宣布蓄奴非法。
这项历史性的宪法修正案于当年终于获得通过。
1865年4月14日晚,林肯在华盛顿的福特剧院遇刺身亡。
5月4日,林肯葬于橡树岭公墓。
林肯领导美国人民维护了国家统一,废除了奴隶制,为资本主义的发展扫除了障碍,促进了美国历史的发展,一百多年来,受到美国人民的尊敬。
马克思曾经这样评价林肯:“他是一位达到了伟大境界而仍然保持自己优良品质的罕有的人物。
这位出类拔萃和道德高尚的人竟是那样谦虚,以致只有在他成为殉道者倒下去之后,全世界才发现他是一位英雄。
”《宅地法》(1862年5月20日颁布)(节录)使公有土地上实际移殖者获得土地的法案。
应制定,凡身为家长者,或已达21岁的年龄并为合众国公民者,或决定依照合众国入籍法的规定填写志愿入籍声明书,同时从没有持械反抗过合众国政府,支援或教唆合众国的敌人者,应从1863年元月1日起有权登记1/4平方英里或以下尚未分配给私人的公有土地;上述之人可提出一优先购买的申请,申请之时即可以每英亩一美元二角五分或更低的价格优先购买土地;或应在测量之后,按照公有土地法定的再分割办法登记坐落在一块的80英亩或以下的此种尚未分配给私人占有的公有土地,那是每英亩二美元五角;应规定,凡占有土地或居住该地者,根据本法案的规定,可另行登记邻近于其原有土地的土地,连其原来所有的土地及占有土地在内,总数不得超过160英亩。
《解放黑人奴隶宣言》林肯总统于1862年9月22日颁布。
宣言规定,凡参加叛乱诸州和地区内“为人占有而做奴隶的人们都应在那时(指1863年1月1日──编者)及以后永远获得自由”,“合众国政府,包括陆海军当局,将承认并保障上述人等的自由。
”林肯是美国伟大的民主主义政治家。
他出生于社会低层,具有勤劳、俭朴、谦虚和诚恳的品格。
他进白宫后,在奴隶制等问题上,政界发生倾轧,国家出现分裂,遇到了很多困难。
在日常工作中他不顾个人安全,每天挤出大量时间接见群众,听取申诉,尽力解决他们的问题。
在他任职期间,由于各种反动势力的影响,政策上有过踌躇和动摇,主要矛盾。
在四年国内战争中,他亲自指挥作战。
领导联邦政府同南部农场奴隶主进行了坚决斗争,维护了国家的统一,有力地推动了美国社会的发展。
林肯于1 8 6 5 年4 月1 5 日遇刺身亡。
由于林肯亚伯拉罕·林肯是美国第16 任总统,是世界历史中最伟大的人物之一,领导了拯救联邦和结束奴隶制度的伟大斗争。
人们怀念他的正直、仁慈、和坚强的个性,他一直是美国历史上最受人景仰的总统之一。
尽管他仅在边疆受过一点儿初级教育,担任公职的经验也很少,然而,他那敏锐的洞察力和深厚的人道主义意识,使他成了美国历史上最伟大的总统。
早年他是2月12日生的,比爱伦坡早1个月。
身高6英尺4英寸(1.95米)。
林肯1809年2月12日黎明出生在肯塔基州哈定县霍尔以南3 英里的小木屋里。
用他自己的话说,他的童年是“一部贫穷的简明编年史”。
小时候,他帮助家里搬柴、提水、做农活等。
9 岁的时候,母亲去世,这对林肯来说是一个残酷的打击。
幸而继母对他很好,常常督促他读书、学习,他和继母的关系很融洽。
后来,长大的林肯开始独立谋生,他当过农场雇工、石匠、船夫等。
1830 年,林肯一家迁居伊利诺斯州定居,在一场政治集会上他第一次发表了政治演说。
由于抨击黑奴制,提出一些有利于公众事业的建议,林肯在公众中有了影响,加上他具有杰出的人品,1834 年他被选为州议员。
两年后,林肯通过自学成为一名律师,不久又成为州议会辉格党领袖。
1846 年,他当选为美国众议员。
1854 年,北方各州主张废奴和限制奴隶制的资产阶级人士成立了共和党,林肯很快成为这个新党的领导者。
1858 年,他发表了著名演说《家庭纠纷》,要求限制黑人奴隶的发展,实现祖国统一。
演说表达了北方资产阶级的愿望,也反映了全国人民的意愿,因而为林肯赢得了巨大声望。
1860 年,林肯作为共和党候选人,当选为美国第16 任总统。
总统任期1860年,林肯当选为美国总统。
林肯的当选,对南方种植园主的利益构成严重威胁,他们当然不愿意一个主张废除奴隶制的人当总统。
为了重新夺回他们长期控制的国家领导权,他们在林肯就职之前就发动了叛乱。
1860年12月,南方的南卡罗来纳州首先宣布脱离联邦而独立,接着密西西比、佛罗里达等蓄奴州也相继脱离联邦。
1861年2月,他们宣布成立一个“美利坚邦联”,推举大种植园主杰弗逊·戴维斯为总统,还制定了“宪法”,宣布黑人奴隶制是南方联盟的立国基础:“黑人不能和白人平等,黑人奴隶劳动是自然的、正常的状态。
”1861年4月12日,南方联盟不宣而战,迅速攻占了联邦政府军驻守的萨姆特要塞。
林肯不得不宣布对南方作战。
林肯本人并不主张用过激的方式废除奴隶制,他认为可以用和平的方式,先限制奴隶制,然后逐步加以废除,而关键是维护联邦的统一。
在这种思想的支配下,北方政府根本没有进行战争的准备,只是仓促应战,而南方则是蓄谋已久,有优良的装备和训练有素的军队,所以,尽管北方在多方面都占有优势,还是被南方打得节节败退,连首都华盛顿也险些被叛军攻破。
北方在战场上的失利引起了广大人民的强烈不满,许多城市爆发了示威游行,要求政府采取措施扭转战局。
这时林肯才意识到,要想打赢这场战争,就必须调动农民的积极性,废除农奴制、解放黑奴。
1862年5月,林肯签署了《宅地法》,规定每个美国公只交纳10美元登记费,便能在西部得160英亩土地,连续耕种5年之后就成为这块土地的合法主人。