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二胡（音域：D/A + 4 octave above A)二胡是中国的一种民族弓弦乐器，过去主要流行于长江中下游一带，所以又称为南胡。
集中于中高音域的表现，音色接近人声，情感表现力极高，广为大众接受。
1920年代，二胡始作为独奏乐器出现在舞台上。
在这之前，二胡多用于民间丝竹音乐演奏或民歌、戏曲的伴奏。
历史二胡是中华民族乐器家族中主要的弓弦乐器（擦弦乐器）之一。
唐朝便出现胡琴一词，当时将西方、北方各民族称为胡人，胡琴为西方、北方民族传入乐器的通称。
至元朝之后，明清时期，胡琴成为擦弦乐器的通称。
擦弦乐器至少在唐朝便出现了，最早可能是从弹拨乐器筝发展出以竹片为弓拉奏的轧筝。
宋朝出现奚琴、马尾胡琴、嵇琴等拉弦乐器，其中马尾胡琴已经以马尾制成琴弓取代竹片进行拉奏。
唐宋至明清时期，随着各地方戏曲及民间表演者的需求，逐渐繁衍出许多不同形制的弓弦乐器，如京胡、梆子戏的板胡、粤剧的粤胡、坠胡、四胡等，据著名胡琴演奏家张韶的统计，至今已发展出50多种弓弦乐器。
其中二胡在民间广为流传，大量运用於戏曲伴奏，音色温润动听，受到人们普遍的喜爱。
五四运动时期，刘天华先生融合西方音乐理论、演奏技巧，对二胡的演奏技巧进行了大胆革新，扩展了二胡的表现力，并且创作了多首二胡独奏曲，二胡开始以独奏乐器出现在表演舞台上。
1980年代中后期，出版的二胡独奏曲已有数百首之谱，并开始发展叙事曲、协奏曲等大型二胡曲。
结构主要部分有琴杆（琴柱）、琴轴（轸子）、琴筒、琴托、千金（千斤）、皮膜（蟒皮）、琴码、琴弓、音垫。
弦有两根，内弦定音为d、外弦为a。
琴弓类似小提琴的琴弓，但不完全相同，小提琴琴弓是被固定在弓杆上的，而二胡弓以马尾毛与竹制弓杆组成，富有弹性，可以以不同的力道来控制声音的大小。
阿炳二胡内弦定音为g、外弦为d。
音垫：又称“噪音抑制垫”，“噪音控制垫”或“制音垫”。
目前二胡还是一种不很完善的乐器，表现在音质的不稳定和过大的噪音。
为了能使二胡达到演奏要求，必须稳定音质，降低噪音，所以在琴码的下侧加上一块不雅观的振动阻尼音垫。
介绍中国传统乐器二胡的英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Erhu, also known as the Chinese violin, is one of the most popular traditional Chinese musical instruments. With a history dating back thousands of years, the Erhu has become a symbol of Chinese culture and music.The Erhu consists of a vertical sound box made of wood, with a hexagonal shape. It has two strings, traditionally made of silk, although modern Erhus use metal strings. The sound is produced by the bow, which is made of horsehair, as it is dragged across the strings. The Erhu has a unique sound that is both haunting and beautiful, making it one of the most distinctive musical instruments in the world.One of the most unique aspects of the Erhu is its lack of fingerboard. Instead of pressing down on the strings to change the pitch, the player uses their fingers to touch the strings lightly, creating a sliding effect that is both challenging and expressive. This technique is known as "huqin" in Chinese, and it gives the Erhu its signature sound.The Erhu is often called the "soul of Chinese music" because of its ability to convey emotion and express the feelings of the performer. It is often used in traditional Chinese music, such as opera and folk music, but it has also been adapted for modern music styles, including pop and rock.In recent years, the Erhu has gained popularity outside of China, with many musicians around the world learning to play this unique instrument. Its haunting sound and expressive capabilities make it a favorite among both traditional and modern musicians.Overall, the Erhu is a remarkable instrument that has captivated audiences for centuries. Its unique sound, expressive capabilities, and rich history make it a cherished part of Chinese culture and a beloved musical instrument worldwide. With its ability to convey emotion and touch the hearts of listeners, the Erhu truly is a treasure of Chinese music.篇2The Erhu, also known as the Chinese violin, is a traditional Chinese musical instrument that has a long history and rich cultural significance. With its beautiful sound and expressivecapabilities, the Erhu has captured the hearts of music lovers around the world.Originating in ancient China, the Erhu has been played for over a thousand years. It is a two-stringed instrument with a small, hollow body made from a wooden sound box covered with python skin. The two strings are commonly made from silk or metal and are tuned a perfect fifth apart. The Erhu is played with a bow made from horsehair, which is drawn across the strings to produce sound.The Erhu is known for its expressive and lyrical sound, which can evoke a wide range of emotions. It is capable of producing a variety of tones, from soft and melancholic to bright and lively. The instrument is often used in traditional Chinese music, including folk songs, opera, and instrumental pieces. It is also versatile enough to be used in modern music genres, such as jazz, pop, and even rock.One of the most unique aspects of the Erhu is its playing technique. The player holds the instrument in the lap and uses the fingers of the left hand to press on the strings, while the right hand holds and manipulates the bow. This technique allows for a high level of control and expression, making the Erhu a highly expressive instrument.In addition to its musical qualities, the Erhu also holds cultural significance in China. It is often associated with traditional Chinese culture and is considered a symbol of Chinese identity. The instrument has been featured in numerous Chinese artworks, stories, and poems, and has become a cultural icon in China.Today, the Erhu continues to be a popular instrument in China and around the world. It is played by both professional musicians and amateurs, and is often featured in concerts, recitals, and recordings. The instrument has also gained international recognition, with many musicians outside of China learning to play the Erhu and incorporating it into their music.The Erhu is a truly remarkable instrument that embodies the beauty and cultural richness of traditional Chinese music. Its hauntingly beautiful sound and expressive capabilities have captured the hearts of music lovers worldwide, making it a beloved instrument with a timeless appeal.篇3Introduction to Traditional Chinese Instrument ErhuErhu, also known as Chinese violin, is one of the most popular traditional Chinese musical instruments. It has a longhistory and a unique sound that makes it stand out among other instruments. In this essay, I will introduce the Erhu, its origin, structure, playing techniques, and significance in Chinese culture.Origin and HistoryThe Erhu is believed to have originated in China during the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD), and it has been played for over a thousand years. The instrument has gone through many changes and improvements over the centuries, but its basic design and sound remain unchanged. It is said that the Erhu was inspired by the two-stringed instruments brought to China by nomadic tribes from Central Asia.StructureThe Erhu is a two-stringed instrument made of wood and covered with python skin. It has a long neck and a small sound box, which gives it its unique sound. The two strings are usually made of silk or steel and are tuned a fifth apart. The instrument is played with a bow made of horsehair, which is placed between the two strings and rubbed against them to produce sound.Playing TechniquesPlaying the Erhu requires great skill and precision. The player holds the instrument between the knees and plays it with the bow in the right hand and the fingers of the left hand pressing on the strings. The left hand can also slide up and down the neck to change the pitch of the notes. The Erhu can produce a wide range of tones, from soft and melancholic to bright and energetic, making it suitable for various styles of music.Significance in Chinese CultureThe Erhu plays a significant role in Chinese culture and is often seen as a symbol of traditional Chinese music. It is commonly used in folk music, opera, and other traditional Chinese performances. The instrument is also popular in contemporary music and has been featured in many modern compositions. Its versatile sound and expressive qualities make it a beloved instrument among musicians and audiences alike.In conclusion, the Erhu is a unique and versatile instrument that has a rich history and a special place in Chinese culture. Its beautiful sound and expressive qualities continue to captivate audiences around the world, making it one of the most beloved traditional Chinese musical instruments. Whether played solo or in ensembles, the Erhu is sure to impress and enchant listeners with its haunting melodies and emotional depth.。
二胡（音域：D/A + 4 octave above A)二胡是中国的一种民族弓弦乐器，过去主要流行于长江中下游一带，所以又称为南胡。
集中于中高音域的表现，音色接近人声，情感表现力极高，广为大众接受。
1920年代，二胡始作为独奏乐器出现在舞台上。
在这之前，二胡多用于民间丝竹音乐演奏或民歌、戏曲的伴奏。
历史二胡是中华民族乐器家族中主要的弓弦乐器（擦弦乐器）之一。
唐朝便出现胡琴一词，当时将西方、北方各民族称为胡人，胡琴为西方、北方民族传入乐器的通称。
至元朝之后，明清时期，胡琴成为擦弦乐器的通称。
擦弦乐器至少在唐朝便出现了，最早可能是从弹拨乐器筝发展出以竹片为弓拉奏的轧筝。
宋朝出现奚琴、马尾胡琴、嵇琴等拉弦乐器，其中马尾胡琴已经以马尾制成琴弓取代竹片进行拉奏。
唐宋至明清时期，随着各地方戏曲及民间表演者的需求，逐渐繁衍出许多不同形制的弓弦乐器，如京胡、梆子戏的板胡、粤剧的粤胡、坠胡、四胡等，据著名胡琴演奏家张韶的统计，至今已发展出50多种弓弦乐器。
其中二胡在民间广为流传，大量运用於戏曲伴奏，音色温润动听，受到人们普遍的喜爱。
五四运动时期，刘天华先生融合西方音乐理论、演奏技巧，对二胡的演奏技巧进行了大胆革新，扩展了二胡的表现力，并且创作了多首二胡独奏曲，二胡开始以独奏乐器出现在表演舞台上。
1980年代中后期，出版的二胡独奏曲已有数百首之谱，并开始发展叙事曲、协奏曲等大型二胡曲。
结构主要部分有琴杆（琴柱）、琴轴（轸子）、琴筒、琴托、千金（千斤）、皮膜（蟒皮）、琴码、琴弓、音垫。
弦有两根，内弦定音为d、外弦为a。
琴弓类似小提琴的琴弓，但不完全相同，小提琴琴弓是被固定在弓杆上的，而二胡弓以马尾毛与竹制弓杆组成，富有弹性，可以以不同的力道来控制声音的大小。
阿炳二胡内弦定音为g、外弦为d。
音垫：又称“噪音抑制垫”，“噪音控制垫”或“制音垫”。
目前二胡还是一种不很完善的乐器，表现在音质的不稳定和过大的噪音。
为了能使二胡达到演奏要求，必须稳定音质，降低噪音，所以在琴码的下侧加上一块不雅观的振动阻尼音垫。
给外国人朋友介绍中国二胡英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Erhu, also known as the Chinese violin, is a traditional Chinese musical instrument that has a history of over a thousand years. It is a two-stringed instrument that is played by bowing the strings with a narrow stick, creating a unique and enchanting sound that is often described as soulful and melancholic.The Erhu is an integral part of Chinese traditional music and has been used in various genres of Chinese music, including classical, folk, and opera. Its hauntingly beautiful sound has captured the hearts of many people around the world, making it one of the most popular Chinese musical instruments among foreign audiences.One of the most distinctive features of the Erhu is its sound quality, which is characterized by its ability to convey a wide range of emotions and feelings. The Erhu is capable of producing a wide variety of tones, from deep and resonant to bright and sharp, allowing musicians to express themselves in a unique and powerful way.In addition to its captivating sound, the Erhu is also known for its beautiful and intricate design. The instrument is typically made from a hollow wooden body that is covered with a snake skin membrane, giving it a distinctive and elegant appearance. The strings are usually made from silk, which adds to the instrument's rich and warm tone.Playing the Erhu requires a high level of skill and technique, as the instrument is notoriously difficult to master. The musician must use both hands to bow the strings and press down on the neck of the instrument to produce different pitches and tones. This requires a great deal of coordination and dexterity, making the Erhu a challenging but rewarding instrument to learn.The Erhu has gained popularity around the world in recent years, thanks to the efforts of Chinese musicians and cultural ambassadors who have introduced the instrument to international audiences. Many foreign musicians have taken up the Erhu and incorporated it into their own music, blending traditional Chinese melodies with modern Western styles to create a unique and vibrant sound.Overall, the Erhu is a beautiful and captivating instrument that embodies the rich cultural heritage of China. Its hauntingly beautiful sound, intricate design, and challenging nature make ita unique and fascinating instrument that has captivated audiences around the world. Whether you are a music lover or a cultural enthusiast, the Erhu is definitely worth exploring and experiencing.篇2Introduction to Chinese Erhu for Foreign FriendsThe Erhu, also known as the Chinese violin, is a traditional Chinese musical instrument with a history that dates back more than a thousand years. It is a two-stringed instrument played with a bow, and its unique sound is powerful, haunting, and full of emotion. The Erhu is one of the most popular traditional instruments in China, and its music is enjoyed by people all over the world.The Erhu is made of two primary components: the wooden body, which is typically made of red sandalwood or black sandalwood, and the two strings, which are usually made of steel. The musician holds the Erhu upright on their lap and uses the bow to create vibrato by pressing down on the strings with their fingers. The sound produced by the Erhu is rich in overtones, giving it a distinctive and mesmerizing quality.One of the most famous pieces of music played on the Erhu is "Erquan Yingyue," which translates to "The Moon Reflected on Erquan." This piece is a classic in Chinese music and is loved by people all over the world for its haunting melody and emotional depth. The Erhu is also often featured in traditional Chinese opera, as well as in modern arrangements that blend traditional Chinese music with contemporary styles.In recent years, the Erhu has gained popularity on the international stage, with many musicians and composers incorporating its unique sound into their work. Artists like Yo-Yo Ma and Itzhak Perlman have performed with the Erhu, bringing its captivating sound to audiences around the world.For anyone interested in learning to play the Erhu, there are many resources available, from online tutorials to traditional music schools in China. Learning to play the Erhu is a challenging but rewarding experience, as it requires precise bowing technique and a deep understanding of Chinese music theory.In conclusion, the Erhu is a beloved instrument in Chinese culture, with a sound that is both timeless and unforgettable. Its unique tones and emotional depth make it a favorite among musicians and audiences alike, and its popularity continues to grow as more people discover its beauty and power. Whetheryou are a music lover or just curious about traditional Chinese culture, the Erhu is a must-hear instrument that will captivate and inspire you.篇3Introduction of Chinese Erhu to Foreign FriendsThe erhu, also known as the Chinese violin, is a traditional Chinese musical instrument that has a long history and rich cultural significance. Its beautiful sound, unique playing technique, and captivating melodies make it a popular instrument both in China and around the world. In this article, we will introduce the erhu to our foreign friends, discussing its origins, construction, playing technique, and importance in Chinese music.Origins of the ErhuThe erhu is believed to have originated in China during the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD), although its exact origins are still a topic of debate among historians. It has a long and storied history, with references to similar instruments dating back to several hundred years BC.Construction of the ErhuThe erhu is a simple yet elegant instrument that consists of two main parts – a vertical body made of wood, bamboo, or plastic, and two strings made of silk, nylon, or metal. The bow is made of bamboo or wood and is traditionally coated with horsehair. The erhu has a unique soundbox design that allows for the resonance of the strings, producing its distinct sound.Playing TechniqueThe erhu is played by placing the instrument on the player's lap and using the bow to create friction on the strings, producing different pitches and tones. The player uses their left hand to press down on the strings to change the pitch, while the right hand controls the bowing technique. The erhu player must have a good ear for pitch and intonation, as well as a strong sense of rhythm and timing.Importance in Chinese MusicThe erhu plays an important role in traditional Chinese music, where it is often used in solo performances, chamber music ensembles, and orchestras. Its haunting and emotive sound can evoke a wide range of emotions and feelings, making it a versatile instrument that is capable of expressing both joy and sorrow. The erhu has also been adapted into other musicalgenres, including pop, jazz, and world music, further expanding its reach and influence.ConclusionIn conclusion, the erhu is a beautiful and versatile instrument that holds a special place in Chinese culture and music. Its unique sound, construction, and playing technique make it a fascinating instrument to learn and appreciate. Whether playing traditional Chinese melodies or experimenting with new styles and genres, the erhu continues to captivate audiences around the world with its haunting and emotive sound. We invite our foreign friends to explore the world of the erhu and discover the beauty and depth of Chinese music.。
介绍中国传统乐器二胡英语作文The enchanting wails of the Erhu, a traditional Chinese string instrument, have the power to transport you throughthe rich tapestry of Chinese culture. Imagine the scene: a moonlit night, a lone musician, and the soulful strains ofthe Erhu cutting through the silence. It's not just music;it's a story, a history, and a heritage that resonates with every note.This two-stringed beauty is often referred to as the "Chinese violin," but it's so much more than that. The Erhu has a distinctive, slender body with a small resonator at the center, usually made from hardwoods like red sandalwood or ebony. Its horsehair bow straddles the two strings, which are played with a grace that belies the depth of emotion it can express.The Erhu's roots are ancient, with some tracing itsorigins back to the nomadic horsemen of the Mongolian steppes. It has evolved over centuries, finding its place in various forms of Chinese music, from folk tunes to classical compositions. The instrument is not just played, but it'salso felt; it's as if the musician's heart is laid bare through every poignant phrase.In the hands of a master, the Erhu can mimic the human voice, from the tenderest whispers to the most guttural cries. It's this versatility that has made it a staple in Chinesemusic, often featured in orchestras and ensembles. The instrument's ability to convey a spectrum of emotions, from joy to sorrow, has earned it the nickname "the singing instrument."Learning to play the Erhu is a journey of discipline and passion. It requires not just technical skill but also a deep understanding of the music's soul. The fingers dance on the strings, producing a vibrato that's as unique as a fingerprint, and the bow's movement creates a dynamic range that's both subtle and powerful.The Erhu's place in Chinese culture is as integral as the calligraphy brush or the porcelain vase. It's a symbol of the nation's artistic spirit and a testament to the ingenuity of its people. Whether it's during the grandeur of the Spring Festival or the quiet serenity of a temple courtyard, the Erhu's music is a constant, a thread that weaves through the fabric of Chinese life.So, the next time you hear the haunting melody of the Erhu, close your eyes and let it take you on a journey through the heart of China. It's an experience that's as old as the dynasties and as fresh as the morning dew on a bamboo leaf. The Erhu is more than just an instrument; it's a voice that speaks of a land's soul, a voice that's been echoing through the ages, telling tales of love, loss, and the indomitable spirit of the Chinese people.。
The Enchanting Melody of the Erhu: ATraditional Chinese Musical InstrumentDeep within the rich cultural heritage of China, lies a musical instrument that has captivated listeners for centuries: the Erhu. This two-stringed bowed instrument, often referred to as the "Chinese violin," embodies the essence of traditional Chinese music, with its unique tone and expressive capabilities.The Erhu's origins can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD), when it was first introduced from the western regions of China. Over the centuries, it evolved and developed into the instrument we know today. Its popularity grew particularly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, when it became a staple in both folk and court music.The Erhu's unique sound is created by its simple yet elegant design. The body, made of wood, typically consists of a hollowed-out gourd or a wooden resonator thatamplifies the sound. The strings, usually made of steel or silk, are tuned to specific pitches, and the player bows them with a horsehair bow, held between the thumb and indexfinger. The Erhu's range is extensive, allowing it to produce both soft and loud sounds, making it a versatile instrument.What truly sets the Erhu apart is its ability to evoke deep emotions. Its mournful, soulful tone is often associated with sadness or melancholy, making it a popular choice for expressing profound emotions in Chinese music. However, it is also capable of producing joyful, upbeat melodies, demonstrating its adaptability and expressiveness. In modern times, the Erhu has not only maintained its popularity but has also gained recognition and appreciation worldwide. It has been featured in various concerts and performances,showcasing the rich musical heritage of Chinato international audiences. The Erhu has even found its way into modern music genres, blending traditional sounds with contemporary elements, creating a unique and captivating musical experience.The Erhu is not just an instrument; it is a symbol of Chinese culture and history. Its enchanting melody, unique design, and expressive capabilities have made it acherished part of Chinese musical heritage. As we delveinto the world of traditional Chinese music, the Erhu remains a constant, a beautiful reminder of the richcultural tapestry that China has to offer.**中国传统乐器二胡的魅力旋律**在中国丰富的文化遗产深处，隐藏着一种几个世纪以来一直令听众陶醉的乐器：二胡。
The Charms of the Erhu: A TraditionalChinese Musical InstrumentDeep within the rich cultural heritage of China, nestled amidst the ancient melodies and harmonious symphonies, lies a musical instrument that has captivated the world with its unique sound and expression: the Erhu. This two-stringed bowed instrument, also known as the "Southern Violin," is a testament to the profound artistry and craftsmanship of Chinese musicians.Originating from the Northern and Northwestern regions of China, the Erhu dates back to the Tang Dynasty (618-907 CE), evolving over centuries to become a vital component of traditional Chinese music. Its unique sound, produced by a wooden bow drawn across the strings, is both mournful and melodious, capable of expressing a wide range of emotions. The structure of the Erhu is both simple and elegant. It consists of a wooden body, usually made of black wood or snakewood, with a hollow resonating chamber. Attached to this body are two strings, usually made of silk or steel, which are bowed to create sound. The strings are tuned tospecific pitches, allowing the musician to play melodiesand harmonies.The art of playing the Erhu requires immense skill and dedication. The musician must master the technique of bowing, controlling the pressure and speed to produce the desired sound. They must also be proficient in finger techniques, using their left hand to press the strings against the fretboard to achieve different notes. The Erhuis often played solo or in ensembles, accompanying singersor other instruments, creating a harmonious blend of sounds. The music played on the Erhu is deeply rooted in Chinese culture and history. It can be heard in traditional folk songs, opera performances, and even modern compositions. The Erhu's unique sound has been featured in numerous international concerts and collaborations, showcasing the rich musical traditions of China to the world.The Erhu's popularity has grown significantly in recent years, with many young people taking interest in learning this instrument. This growth is a testament to the enduringcharm of the Erhu and the deep appreciation for traditional Chinese music.In conclusion, the Erhu is not just a musical instrument; it is a cultural icon that represents the essence of Chinese music. Its unique sound and expression have captivated listeners for centuries, and continue to do so in the modern era. The Erhu is a bridge between the past and the present, connecting us to the rich musical heritage of China.**中国传统乐器二胡的魅力**在中国丰富的文化遗产深处，隐藏着一种乐器，以其独特的声音和表现力征服了世界：二胡。
The Erhu: A Melodic Soul of Chinese MusicNestled amidst the rich tapestry of Chinese traditional instruments, the Erhu stands as a testament to the profound emotions and intricate beauty of Chinese music. This two-stringed, bowed instrument, often referred to as the "Chinese violin," has a rich history and a voice that is both haunting and soul-stirring.Originating from the northern regions of China during the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD), the Erhu has evolved over centuries, absorbing influences from various cultures and traditions along the way. It is believed that the instrument was initially used by wandering minstrels and monks as a means of expression and entertainment, carrying with it tales of love, loss, war, and peace.The physical structure of the Erhu is both simple yet intricate. Crafted from various woods, such as snakewood, bamboo, or rosewood, its body comprises a resonating box, called the "gourd," connected to a long, slender neck. Attached to this neck are two silk or synthetic strings, which are tightened over a bridge to create the characteristic Erhu sound. The musician uses a horsehair bow to draw across the strings, producing a warm, mellow tone that can be both mournful and joyful depending on the melody.One of the most remarkable aspects of the Erhu is its ability to evoke a wide range of emotions. From the haunting melodies of "Moonlight on a Spring River," which captures the serenity and tranquility of a moonlit night, to the heart-wrenching sorrow of "Erquan Yingyue" (Moon Reflected on Second Spring), the instrument weaves a narrative that transcends language and borders. Its music has the power to transport listeners to different worlds, making them feel every nuance of joy, sorrow, longing, and hope.In modern times, the Erhu has not only retained its status as a beloved traditional instrument but has also found its way into contemporary music and international stages. It has collaborated with symphony orchestras, jazz ensembles, and even electronic music producers, showcasing its versatility and timeless appeal. Musicians like Abing, a blind folk artist from the early 20th century, have elevated the Erhu to new heights, creating masterpieces that continue to inspire generations of musicians and listeners alike.Moreover, the Erhu has become a symbol of Chinese culture, representing the country's rich musical heritage and artistic expression. It is often featured in cultural exchanges, festivals, and performances around the world, serving as a bridge between China and the rest of the world, fostering understanding and appreciation for the depth and beauty of Chinese music.In conclusion, the Erhu is more than just an instrument; it is a living, breathing embodiment of Chinese culture and emotion. Its haunting melodies and soul-stirring tones have the power to touch hearts and minds, transcending time and space. As welisten to the music of the Erhu, we are not just experiencing a performance; we are embarking on a journey through the heart and soul of Chinese music.。
二胡（音域：D/A + 4 octave above A)二胡是中国的一种民族弓弦乐器，过去主要流行于长江中下游一带，所以又称为南胡。
集中于中高音域的表现，音色接近人声，情感表现力极高，广为大众接受。
1920年代，二胡始作为独奏乐器出现在舞台上。
在这之前，二胡多用于民间丝竹音乐演奏或民歌、戏曲的伴奏。
历史二胡是中华民族乐器家族中主要的弓弦乐器（擦弦乐器）之一。
唐朝便出现胡琴一词，当时将西方、北方各民族称为胡人，胡琴为西方、北方民族传入乐器的通称。
至元朝之后，明清时期，胡琴成为擦弦乐器的通称。
擦弦乐器至少在唐朝便出现了，最早可能是从弹拨乐器筝发展出以竹片为弓拉奏的轧筝。
宋朝出现奚琴、马尾胡琴、嵇琴等拉弦乐器，其中马尾胡琴已经以马尾制成琴弓取代竹片进行拉奏。
唐宋至明清时期，随着各地方戏曲及民间表演者的需求，逐渐繁衍出许多不同形制的弓弦乐器，如京胡、梆子戏的板胡、粤剧的粤胡、坠胡、四胡等，据著名胡琴演奏家张韶的统计，至今已发展出50多种弓弦乐器。
其中二胡在民间广为流传，大量运用於戏曲伴奏，音色温润动听，受到人们普遍的喜爱。
五四运动时期，刘天华先生融合西方音乐理论、演奏技巧，对二胡的演奏技巧进行了大胆革新，扩展了二胡的表现力，并且创作了多首二胡独奏曲，二胡开始以独奏乐器出现在表演舞台上。
1980年代中后期，出版的二胡独奏曲已有数百首之谱，并开始发展叙事曲、协奏曲等大型二胡曲。
结构主要部分有琴杆（琴柱）、琴轴（轸子）、琴筒、琴托、千金（千斤）、皮膜（蟒皮）、琴码、琴弓、音垫。
弦有两根，内弦定音为d、外弦为a。
琴弓类似小提琴的琴弓，但不完全相同，小提琴琴弓是被固定在弓杆上的，而二胡弓以马尾毛与竹制弓杆组成，富有弹性，可以以不同的力道来控制声音的大小。
阿炳二胡内弦定音为g、外弦为d。
音垫：又称“噪音抑制垫”，“噪音控制垫”或“制音垫”。
目前二胡还是一种不很完善的乐器，表现在音质的不稳定和过大的噪音。
为了能使二胡达到演奏要求，必须稳定音质，降低噪音，所以在琴码的下侧加上一块不雅观的振动阻尼音垫。
分类六角二胡前八后圆依据制琴产地可分为三类：1.苏州琴（二胡品牌：杰伦二胡）2.上海琴3.北京琴依据琴筒型状可分为四类：1.圆筒二胡2.八角二胡3.六角二胡4.扁筒二胡5.前八后圆(扁筒二胡由二胡演奏家陈耀星所设计 )依据材质可分为类：1.印度小叶紫檀二胡2.非洲紫檀二胡3.明清旧料二胡4.老红木二胡5.血檀二胡6.黑檀二胡演奏技法拉奏时将弓毛置于双弦中演奏时多采坐姿，左手持琴按弦，右手拉弓。
将弓毛置于双弦之中拉奏，有别于世界其他地区的擦弦乐器。
弓法弓弦乐器运用琴弓以表达乐曲的表情。
以用弓的长度区分为全弓、长弓、短弓等，以使用部位区分为弓尖、弓根、前弓、中弓、后弓等，以运弓速度区分为快弓、慢弓、颤弓等，以弓序分为推弓、拉弓、分弓、连弓、断弓、顿弓等。
基本上分为圆滑演奏效果的连奏弓跟顿弓、跳弓、飞弓、抛弓、击弓等断奏弓。
指法以按弦手指的动作创造不同音色，如揉弦、颤音、打音、泛音、滑音、拨弦等。
二胡演奏家参见二胡演奏家列表二胡发展里程碑1.刘天华根据中国民间音乐特性及借镜小提琴，将二胡定弦为D、A。
2.1963年上海之春二胡比赛，将多位二胡演奏家推向更高的舞台，大量优秀的二胡作品乐曲在全国流行。
3.大型民乐团的诞生，大大增加对二胡专业的需求量。
4.刘文金创作了现代二胡作品《豫北叙事曲》(1959年)、《三门峡畅想曲》(1960年)、二胡协奏曲《长城随想》(1982年)。
盛世弦和、CCTV民乐大赛、2008台北市民族器乐大赛和其他二胡专业比赛，对二胡专业化、学院派的人来说，提供了很多交流机会。
二胡作品1930年代•刘天华o刘天华二胡十大名曲，包括：《病中吟》(1915) 《月夜》 (1918)《空山鸟语》(1918) 《苦闷之讴》(1926) 《悲歌》(1927) 《良宵》(1928.1.22)《闲居吟》(1928.6) 《光明行》(1931) 《独弦操》(1932.1) 《烛影摇红》(1932) •陆修堂《怀乡行》•刘北茂《小花鼓》•陈振铎《田园春色》•阿炳《听松》(1939) 《二泉映月》《寒春风曲》1950年代•孙文明《弹乐》(1951年) 《流波曲》(1952年)•曾寻《拉骆驼》•曾加庆《新农村》《山村变了样》《赶集》•朴东生《在草原上》•刘文金：二胡协奏曲《豫北叙事曲》(1959)•钟义良《春诗》1960年代•刘文金二胡协奏曲《三门峡畅想曲》 (1960)•黄怀海《江河水》《赛马》•刘明源《河南小曲》《美丽的西藏》•赵振霄鲁日融《秦腔主题随想曲》•张长城曲原野编曲《红军哥哥回来了》•张颉诚曲王国潼编曲《翻身歌》1970年代•鲁日融《迷胡调》《欢乐的秦川》《采花》《摇篮曲》《曲江吟》•周维《葡萄熟了》•闵惠芬《阳关三叠》（改编）《洪湖人民的心愿》编曲（张敬安、欧阳谦叔音乐素材）•项祖英梆子风•顾武祥、孟津津《喜送公粮》•刘长福《草原新牧民》•陈耀星《战马奔腾》1980年代•刘文金《长城随想》•吴厚元二胡协奏曲《红梅随想曲》•关铭《蓝花花叙事曲》•陈钢曲刘天华(当代同名）、步伟纲移植《阳光照耀在塔什库尔干》•朱昌耀《江南春色》《苏南小曲》《欢庆锣鼓》《五月春潮》•陈耀星《陕北抒怀》《山村小景》《献给母亲的歌》o《喜盈门》《追猎》《桃花过渡》《影》•陈军《椰岛风情》《舞秋》《弦语》《心中的阿尔金》《狂野飞骏图》《绿色家园》•张晓峰、朱晓谷二胡叙事曲《新婚别》 (1980)•何占豪、陈刚《梁山伯与祝英台》•谭盾二胡、扬琴二重奏《双阙》 (1984)•关迺忠二胡协奏曲《第一二胡协奏曲》 (1986)•陈能济二胡协奏曲《明月几时有》 (1988)•何占豪二胡协奏曲《乱世情》二胡协奏曲《别亦难》•杨春林双二胡协奏曲《长恨歌》•何占豪二胡协奏曲《莫愁女幻想曲》(1987)•阎惠昌二胡与大型民族管弦乐队《幻》(1987)1990年代•王建民《第一二胡狂想曲》（1989）《天山风情》 (1992) 二胡与管弦乐队《姑苏行》(1995) 二胡协奏曲《杨贵妃的故事》(1998) 草原风韵（低音二胡与交响乐队，王建民、邓建栋曲）独个成长（1991）何占豪蝶恋花---第四二胡协奏曲•高韶青《随想曲》《随想曲第二号－蒙风》《卡门主题随想曲》•谭盾《火祭》 (1995)•郑冰《第三二胡协奏曲 - 江河水的故事》•黄安伦二胡与交响乐《敦煌古谱四首》 (1997) 二胡与交响乐《中国狂想曲第五号》•瞿春泉《霓裳曲》 (浙江民间乐曲)•吴华二胡及革胡双协奏曲《天仙配幻想曲》 (1995)•黄晓飞二胡协奏曲《爱河之春》 (1997) 二胡协奏曲《长恨歌》o二胡协奏曲《母亲》二胡与钢琴《怀念》二胡协奏曲《六月雪》•金复载《春江水暖》•庐亮辉《疆风舞韵》《贵妃情》•顾冠仁二胡协奏曲《夜月》•许可二胡与钢琴《风韵》（91年）二胡与钢琴《思念》(93年)•《摇篮曲》（96年）•王燕樵二胡与管弦乐队《百鸟朝凤》（90年）•陈怡二胡与弦乐队《胡琴组曲》（98年）•外山雄三二胡与管弦乐队《桥》（98年）、•松尾祐孝胡琴协奏曲《天风爱舞和庵》（98年）•邓建栋《姑苏春晓》•曹元德《相望》•成公亮《水乡行》•梁云江二胡协奏曲《江河云梦》•改编作品•《查尔达斯》（维多里奥·蒙第曲）《流浪者之歌》（巴布罗·萨拉萨第曲）《中花六板》（江南丝竹）《罗西尼主题变奏曲》（帕格尼尼曲/90年编）•《浪漫曲》（鲁宾斯坦/93年编）《乘着歌声的翅膀》（门德尔松/93年编）•《夜曲》（柴可夫斯基/95年编）等。
2000年代•任真慧《行次西郊》（2008）•刘文金《二胡套曲--如来梦》 (2002) 二胡、琵琶与乐队《火—彩衣姑娘》o单乐章二胡协奏曲《雪山魂塑》（2006）•李滨扬单乐章二胡协奏曲《图腾》(2005) -- 表达中国遥远而神秘的西南山区与作曲家之间的一种心神之间的沟通•史志有二胡组曲、交响音画《清明上河图》 (2006)•刘学轩o《二胡协奏曲》（第一二胡协奏曲）（2003）《第二二胡协奏曲》（2000）o《山林之秋》给二胡与丝竹室内乐团《港都、春花、夜雨》给二胡与民族室内乐《霸王别姬》二胡与大提琴双协奏曲 (2009)o《第三二胡协奏曲霸王别姬》二胡协奏曲 (2009)•关迺忠o《第二二胡协奏曲－追梦京华》《第三二胡协奏曲》o《第四二胡协奏曲－爱恨情仇》《心香》二胡协奏曲 (2009) •陆橒《西秦王爷》 (2003)•莫凡胡琴协奏曲《京风》•谭盾胡琴协奏曲《卧虎藏龙》 (2003)•王建民 (二胡作曲家)o《第二二胡狂想曲》（2001年8月）《第三二胡狂想曲》（2003）o《第四二胡狂想曲》（2009）+2009年9月20日首演 (台北中山堂中正厅), 第七届中国音乐金钟奖二胡指定乐曲•杨青《秋之韵》•王之辉、景建树《黄水韵》•王曙亮、梁奇《剪窗花》•许可《大莫敦煌》（04年）、《黄沙古道》（04年）•杨勇二胡与大提琴二重奏《河曲》（01年）•朱毅二胡与管弦乐队《西域风情》（04年）•王燕樵二胡、大提琴、钢琴三重奏《阿吐什的朝晨》（01年）•郑冰《第三二胡协奏曲》•严洁敏二胡二重奏《阿拉木汗》•杨勇《河曲》为二胡与大提琴•温得青《小白菜--为二胡与弦乐四重奏而作的变奏曲》•Stefano Bellon （意大利）《急板》为二胡与三把胡琴•陈其刚《逝去的时光》为二胡与管弦乐队•陈怡《胡琴组曲》为胡琴与管线乐队•钟耀光二胡协奏曲《快雪时晴》(2008)•王乙聿《弦二协奏曲》•朱昌耀《台湾风情组曲》二胡与乐队（2004）o《台湾民谣四首》联奏（委托创作，世界首演）（编曲：2004）o《阿里山情话》二胡协奏（2004）•陈军胡琴组曲（胡琴与乐队）《绿色家园》(2008)•卢亮辉弦乐室内乐（高胡、二胡、中胡、大提琴）《弦情》(2005)•周杰伦曲陈燮阳改编二胡、大提琴与乐队《菊花台》相关文献教学法1.张韶、汤良德：《二胡演奏法》2.赵寒阳：《二胡技法与名曲演奏提示》3.刘长福：《二胡系统进阶练习曲集(上下)》论文1.沈星扬1991，《从阿炳作品看中国音乐的艺术道路》。
《人民音乐》。
2.董榕森1992，《刘天华南胡音乐研究》。
《第四届中国民族音乐学会论文集》，pp.196-223。
3.王铭裕1994，《二胡独奏音乐之风格探讨》。
私立中国文化大学艺术研究所硕士论文。
4.蔡秉衡1993，《二胡音乐审美观之探讨》。
私立中国文化大学艺术研究所硕士论文。
5.欧光勋1993，《刘文金四首二胡作品研究》。
私立中国文化大学艺术研究所硕士论文。
6.欧光勋1993，《关于刘文金〈长城随想〉中传统音乐素材的讨论》。
《北市国乐》，第91期，页16-16。
