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一、语态概述语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子之中主语和谓语动词的关系.英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的发出者（或执行者）eg: Many people speak Chinese.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people 来执行的.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象.eg：Chinese is spoken by many people. 主语English 是动词speak的承受者.二、被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成.人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的.（被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由助动词或第一个助动词构成.）各种时态的被动语态构成：1. 一般现在时：am/is/are +及物动词的过去分词I'm asked to take care of myself. Football is played all over the world2. —般过去时：was/were +及物动词的过去分词This house was built in 1958. His leg was broken in an accident.3. 一般将来时：will/shall be ＋及物动词的过去分词More factories will be built in our city. He will be taken to hospital tomorrow.4. 现在进行时：am/is/are bei ng +及物动词的过去分词.A road is being built around the mountain. Many new houses are being built in this city5. 过去进行时：was/were being +及物动词的过去分词he meeting was being held when I was there. We were being trained this time last year.6. 现在完成时：have/has been+及物动词的过去分词His book has been translated into many foreign languages. The prices of many goods have been cut again .7. 过去完成时：had been + 及物动词的过去分词A new school had been set up by the end of last year.8. 含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.三、被动语态的基本用法一般来说,在我们日常生活中,能用主动语态的时候就尽量不去用被动语态.只有在下列情况中我们才用被动语态：1. 不知道动作的执行者是谁.1）.Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了.2）.This bridge was founded in 1981. 这座桥竣工于1981 年.3）.The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 昨天,教室的前窗被打2. 没不要说出动作的执行者是谁.1）.The time-table has been changed .时间表已变动了2）.China was founded in 1949.3. 不愿意说出动作的执行者,其目的是为了使语言得体、圆滑等.在这种情况下,有时常用一些句式,如It is saidthat …（据说）,lt is reported that （据报道），lt is well known that （众所周知 .... ）It is supposed that （据推测说，It is believed that …大家相信,It is hoped that …大家希望,It is thought that …大家认为,It is suggested that …据lt is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner. 据说她要嫁给一个外国人.It is said that the boy has passed the n atio nal exam. （= The boy is said to have passed the n ati onal exam.）4. 强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者.1）.The glass was broken by Mike. 玻璃杯是迈克打破的.2）.his book was written by him. 这本书是他写的.3）.Your homework must be finished on time. 你们的家庭作业必须及时完成.注：使用被动语态的情况口诀：动作谁做的不知道,谁说出的不必要.接受动作需强调,用被动语态最为妙.四、主动语态变被动语态的方法：1. 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语.2. 把谓语变成被动结构（be+过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）.3. 把主动语态中的主语放在介词 by 之后作宾语 ,将主格改为宾格 . He plant trees in spring.Trees are planted in spring by him. 主动语态变被动语态口诀：宾语提前主语变，原主变宾by 后见,时态人称be 关键.All the people laughed at him. He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes are made by them in the factory. He cut dow n a tree.A tree was cut dow n by him.被动语态中by+宾语的省略：被动语态句式中的 by+宾语表示及物动词所表示动作的执行者 ，但是在遇到以下情况时，表示动作执行者 by+宾语常常被省略 . 动作执行者不确定时Paper is made from wood.Many people are killed in traffic accidents every day . 不必表明动作执行者时English is also spoken as the second language as well as one of the official languages. Football is played in most school. 动作执行者为一般大众时 .Both English and Spanish are spoken in this area. He is made the monitor of the class today. 五、主动语态变被动语态应注意的几个问题： 谈谈几种特殊的被动结构1. 当句子结构为主语 +谓语 +宾语(唯一宾语) 时，把宾语提到句首做主语 ，然后把谓语改成被动语态形式 ，最后把原主语变为宾格至于介词 by 之后.实际运用中by 短语常被省略. We finish our homework in the evening. Our homework is finished in the evening.2. 当句子结构为主语 +谓语+间接宾语 (表示人的 )+直接宾语(表示物的)时，一般把间接宾语变为主语 ，而直接宾语不变 ，这样句子显得自然些 .如果把直接宾语作为主语 ，那么在间接宾语前应加介词 to 或 for. She sent me a novel on my birthday.（主动） I was sent a novel on my birthday. （ 被动 ）A novel was sent to me on my birthday. （ 被动 ） My brother bought me a watch yesterday.（主动） I was bought a watch yesterday. （ 被动 ）A watch was bought for me by my brother yesterday.（ 被动 ） for 的动词 buy ，sing ，catch ，find ，get ，drow ，cook ，keep ，make ，offer 等.to 的动词 bring ，give ，pass ，hand ，leave ，show ，write ，take ，teach ，tell ，thow ，lend ，send ，return 等 的主语 ，而原句里的宾语补足语现在就变成被动态句子的主语补足语了 They asked me to help them. I was asked to help them.Now people can use computers to help them .Computers can be used to help them. We must keep the room clean.The room must be kept clean .We saw them coming over. They were seen coming over.如果复合宾语是由宾语 +不带 to 的动词不定式构成 ，变为被动语态时 ，动词不定式前的 to 要补出来 .常见的这类动 词有：一感（feel ），二听（hear,listen to ）三让（let ,make ,have ）四看（watch ,see ,notice ,observe,+look at ） 但动词为let 时,to 仍可省略.The story made us laugh. We were made to laugh by the story.The teacher let the little boy go home. The little boy was let (to) go home . 4).含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动语态变成被动语态时 ，由情态动词+ be +过去分词构成，原来带to 的情态动词变成被动语态后 to 仍要保留 .1).间接宾语前需要加 2).间接宾语前需要加3). 当句子结构为主语 +谓语+宾语+宾语补足语把主动态变成被动态时，只需将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态句子We can repair this watch in two days. This watch can be repaired in two days.They should do it at once. It should be done at once.The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.5）. 短语动词的被动语态：一般说来,只有及物动词才有被动语态,但许多不及物动词+副词或介词构成的短语动词,相当于及物动词,也可以有被动语态,但变被动语态后,不可把介词或副词漏掉.He turned on the radio just now. The radio was turned on just now .They take good care of the babies. The babies are taken care of.They look after the babies. The babies are looked after .6）. 含有宾语从句的主动语态改为被动语态时,有两种改写方法：用it 做被动语态的形式主语,宾语从句保持不变.将主动句中的宾语从句的主语改为被动语态的主语,从句的谓语部分变为不定式.这时的动词不定式所用的形式要与原来的宾语从句保持一致.They say that our teacher is busy these days. It is said that our teacher is busy these days.Our teacher is said to be busy these days.7）.如果原句宾语有后置定语修饰,变为被动语态时,应把后置修饰语随同宾语一同提前.We clean the windows of our classroom every day.The windows of our classroom are cleaned every day.8）.如果原句主语不是动作的执行者,而是所使用的物质材料,变被动语态时要用介词withSmoke filled the room. The room was filled with smoke .9）.by 短语的取舍：当主动句中的主语是people ,one ,we ,they 等泛指性动词时,变为被动语态后,by 短语通常省略.Eg: we often speak English in our English class.English is often spoken （by us ） in our English class当主动句中是who ,what ,which 等做主语,变被动语态后句首的疑问词在句中的成分由原来的主语变为介词by的宾语,应注意介词by 不能丢.Who wrote the book ? who was the book writte n by ?需要强调动作的执行时,by 短语不能省略.uncle wang made the kite . The kite was made by uncle wang .六．可与被动语态连用的介词在被动语态的句子中,常用介词by 引出动作的发出者,实际上同被动语态连用的介词除by 以外还有很多.1. 表示谓语动词的动作是为谁或为何目的而发生的要用介词for.（be used for sth /doing sth被用于…被用于做…）This new bike was bought for you .Stamps are used for sending letters .2. 表示动作发出者所使用的工具或强调状态时应用介词withThe trees were cut down with a knife .The bottle is filled with orange .3. 表示被作为…（发生）应用介词as （be used as被作为…使用）English is used as a first language in Canada.4. 在be well-known后应用介词to,表示被…所熟知The Great Wall is well-known to everyone in the world .5. 在be made 后可用多个介词表示不同的意义be made in 表示在某地制造This Tv set is made in shanghai .be made of 和be made from 都可以表示由… 制成的,但be made of 强调从制成品上可以看出原材料, be made from 则表示从制成品上看不出原材料.This table is made of wood .This kind of paper is made from wood.be made by 由…（人）制造的The cake is made by my mother .be made into表示被制成... make…into把…制成…（主动形式）Glass is often made into glasses .玻璃常被制成玻璃杯.be made after 表示仿照...制成This machine is made after theirs . 这台机器是仿照他们的机器制成的.be made up of 表示由...组成Our class is made up of fifty students .七、不可用于被动语态的情况1. 当谓语动词是表示静态的及物动词（短语）时（eg：have ,cost ,hold ,know ,fit ,belong to…）不可用于被动语态.How long did the meeting last ?2. 当谓语动词是look ,become ,get ,turn 等连系动词,其后的成分多为形容词或名词词组作表语时.He looks fine .3. 宾语是反身代词,相互代词或与主语对应的物主代词修饰的名词词组时.They taught themselves English .We should learn each other .4. 宾语是动词不定式（短语）或动名词时.The students hope to visit the Great wall .He has finished reading the book .5. 宾语和动词在意义上为不可分割的固定搭配时.He caught a bad cold last week.You shouldn'tmake faces in class .6. 宾语是表示数量,长度,大小,处所或方位的词时.They reached shanghai early in the next morning .He left Beijing by bus yesterday .7. 当宾语是同源宾语时.Today all of us live a happy life .8. 宾语是行为者（人体）的某一部分或人体的器官时.He could hardly believe his eyes .Mr Hu shook his head and said nothing .9. 当宾语是某一组织机构或机关团体名称时.The man joined the army in1957.八、主动形式被动含义在英语中,主动意义用主动语态表示,被动意义用被动语态表示.但在以下几种情况下,被动意义却用主动语态来表示：（一）少数动词,既可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词.当它们作不及物动词且用来表示主语内在品质或性能时,可用一般时态的主动形式表示被动意义，其主语大多为事物.常见的有：sell（销售好）read（好读）,write（好写）,wash （耐洗）,wear（耐穿）,last,tear,lock ,count ,open ,teach ,drive ,take 等、1）. The tickets cost too much and sold badly. 这些票太贵了,销路不好.2）. Can you lend Hie your pen?Your pen writes better ．你能把你的钢笔借给我吗?你的钢笔更好写.3）.The pen writes well. 这笔好写.4）.The door won 'topen. 门开不下来.5）.The clothes wash easily. 这衣服很好洗.6）. The door won't open. 这门打不开.注意：这类动词的主动形式表示被动意义有三个明显特征1）.与not,hardly 等否定意义的词连用.2）.常与副词well,easily,badly ,poorly ,nicely ,fast ,smoothly , 等连用表示效果或程度.3）句中的主语是谓语动词的承受者.（二）某些表示感觉,状态,特征的系动词eg：feel, look, sound, smell, taste 等系动词,用主动形式表达被动意义,主语是物.1. The cloth feels soft. 这布料摸起来很软.2. His cake tastes good. 他的蛋糕味道很好.3. Good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口（三）动词need, want, require 等表示需要或应该的意义时, 后用动词ing 的主动式或动词不定式被动形式表示变动意义..1）.The floor needs sweeping. 地板须拖一下.2）.The old bike needs repairing （or: to be repaired）. 那辆旧自行车需要修理.3）.Your hair needs cutting ．你的头发需要理了.4）.The wall requires painting ．这墙壁需要粉刷了.（四）主语+be worth doing 句式中ving 形式表达被动含义This book is well worth reading.The film is well worth seeing ．（五）不定式以主动形式表达被动意义的情况主要有以下两种：1）. 不定式作定语与被修饰的词形成动宾关系时,不定式用主动形式表被动意义.I have something important to tell you. 我有重要事情要告诉你.Is there anything else to say? 还有别的什么事情要说吗？2）. 在主语+ 系动词+ adj. + to do 结构中,不定式作为主语的补足语对主语作补充说明,与主语之间形成动宾关系时,其主动形式表示被动含义.（形容词通常为easy, difficult, hard, pleasant, nice, heavy 等）The place is easy to find in the map.I find the problem difficult to solve.The book is difficult to understand.The water in the river is unfit to drink. 这条河里的水不宜饮用.His speech isn't easy to un dersta nd.他的演说不易理解3）.在too…to do sth和enough…to do句型中,如果主语是物而不是人，则不定式部分是用主动形式表达的被动含义.The table is too heavy （for me）to carry .The dress is good enough to wear at the party .（六）表示发生、进行的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out， give out， turn out 等以主动形式表示被动意义.How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？（七）介词in, on, under 等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用,含被动之义,其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式,名词前一般不用冠词.1. under +名词结构，表示某事在进行中.常见的有：under control（受控制），under treatment（在治疗中），under repair （在修理中），un der discussi on （在讨论中），un der con struct ion （在施工中）.The building is under construction（ is being constructed）.2. beyond+名词结构，出乎胜过... 、范围、限度.常见的有：beyond belief （令人难以置信）,beyond one ' reach （鞭长莫及），beyond one's control （无法控制），beyond our hope.我们的成功始料不及.The rumour is beyond belief （=can'tbe believed）．3. above+名词结构，表示（品质、行为、能力等）超过.. 、高于... .His honest character is above all praise ．=His honest character cannot be praised enough．4. for+名词结构，表示适于... 、为着 .... .如: for sale（出售）,for rent （出租）等.That house is for sale. （= That house is to be sold）.5. in+名词结构，表示在 ... 过程中或范围内常见的有：in print （在印刷中），in sight（在视野范围内）,等.The book is not yet in print ．（=is not yet printed）6.on+名词结构，表示在从事... 中.常见的有：on sale（出售）,on show （展出），on trial （受审）.Eg:Today some treasures are on show in the museum （= are being showed）.7.out of+名词结构表示超出..... 之外,常见的有：out of control （控制不了）,out of sight （超出视线之外），out of one ' reach够不着）,out of fashion（不流行）等.The plane was out of control （can 'tbe controlled）．.8.within+名词结构，在... 内、不超过 .. .He took two days off within the teacher's permission（八）非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义.1. 在need,want,require, bear 等词的后面,动名词用主动形式表示被动意义, 其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式.The house needs repairing （to be repaired）. 这房子需要修理.2. 形容词worth 后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义,但不能跟动词不定式;而worthy 后面跟动词不定式的被动形式.The picture-book is well worth reading . （= The picture-book is very worthy to be read .）动词不定式在名词后面作定语,不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时,又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义.I have a lot of things to do this afternoon . （to do 与things 是动宾关系，与I 是主谓关系.）试比较：I'll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? （此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you 不是post 动作的执行者.）4. 在某些形容词＋不定式做表语或宾语补足语的结构中,句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时,这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义.这些形容词有nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting 等.This problem is difficult to work out （可看作to work out 省略了for me）.5. 在too…to…结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义.This book is too expensive （for me） to buy.在there be…句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动式作定语，重点在人，用被动形式作定语，重点在物.There is no time to lose （to be lost）.（用to lose 可看成for us to lose;用to be lost,谁lost time 不明确.）九、被动语态相关的一些词组:get dressed（穿衣） get hurt（受伤） get lost（迷路）get washed（洗脸）get married（结婚）be covered with （被…覆盖）be made by （由某人制造）be made in （由某地制造）be used as （被当作…使用）it is said that …（据说…）be made of （由…制成）（看得出原材料）be made from （由…制成）（看不出原材料）be used for （被用于…）be used to do （被用于做...）it is hoped that …（希望…）It is well known that...（总所周知...）。
初中被动语态语法讲解(一)语态分类英语动词有两种语态.，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
(二)被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。
以give 为例，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + done 一般过去时：was / were + done一般将来时：shall / will + be done 一般过去将来时：should / would + be done现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时：was / were + being + done现在完成时：have / has + been + done 过去完成时：had + been + done将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done 过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done ［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态1. 一般现在时：(1)People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country.(2)The school doesn't allow us to enter lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter lab without a teacher. 2. 一般过去时：(1)They agreed on building a new car factory last month. a new car building factory was agreed on last month.(2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten3. 一般将来时：(1)They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea.(2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.5. 现在进行时：(1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons. English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.(2) We are painting the rooms. The rooms are being painted.6. 过去进行时：(1)The workers were mending the road. The road was being mended.(2)This time last year we were planting trees here. Trees were being planted here this time last year.7. 现在完成时：(1)Someone has told me the meeting might be put off.I have been told the meeting might be put off.(2)He has brought his book here. His book has been brought here.(四）含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
初中中的被动语态用法详解被动语态是英语中一个常用的语法结构，包含了及物动词的被动形式。
初中阶段，学生们需要逐渐掌握被动语态的用法。
本文将详细介绍初中中的被动语态用法。
一、被动语态的基本构成被动语态的基本构成由be动词的适当形式+过去分词构成。
be动词的形式根据句子的时态和主语的人称而定。
过去分词则根据动词的一般过去时的变化规则。
例如：- The car is repaired.（句子时态：一般现在时）- The car was repaired.（句子时态：一般过去时）- The car will be repaired.（句子时态：一般将来时）二、被动语态的用法1. 没有明确的执行者在被动语态中，我们强调动作的接受者而非执行者。
有时，在句子中并没有明确指出执行动作的人或事物。
例如：- The window was broken.（窗户被打破了。
）- The book will be published next month.（这本书将在下个月出版。
）2. 隐藏执行者在某些情况下，句子中刻意隐藏了动作的执行者。
例如：- The cake was eaten.（蛋糕被吃了。
）3. 顺序执行之动作被动语态常用于描述一系列按照一定顺序执行的动作。
例如：- The eggs are washed, peeled, and then boiled.（鸡蛋洗净、剥皮，然后煮熟。
）4. 惯用表达被动语态在某些固定的表达方式中也得到了广泛使用。
例如：- The decision was made.（决定已经做出。
）- The question was answered.（问题已经回答。
）三、主动语态与被动语态的转换在主动语态与被动语态之间进行转换时，需注意以下几点：1. 意义的改变：动作的焦点转移到了接受者身上，原主语成为了新的宾语；2. 动词形式的变化：be动词的形式和动词的过去分词形式相关；3. 语态的时态保持一致：主动语态的时态与被动语态的时态保持一致。
初中英语语法归纳复习：被动语态重难点:掌握八种常见时态的被动语态,并能根据不同情景,灵活运用被动语态.【知识总结归纳】一。
概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态.二. 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换We Visited that factory last summer →主动语态主语谓语宾语状语That factory was visited by us last summer →被动语态主语谓语宾语状语三. 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比四。
如何正确使用被动语态1。
有些动词带有两个宾语,即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时,可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。
需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to".eg. He often tells us interesting stories 。
（主动语态）⎭⎬⎫.him by us to told often are stories g Interestin .him by stories g interestin told often are We （被动语态）▲常带双宾语的词有:tell ， show ， lend ， pass 等.2。
在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to 被省略,但在被动语态中,这个to 还要还原。
eg. I often hear her sing this popular song 。
（主动语态）复合宾语宾语补足语宾语She is often heard to sing this popular song .(被动语态）▲ 有这种用法的常用动词有:make , let , see , hear ， watch ， feel ， notice 等。
3. 有些“be +过去分词"的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构(即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。
初中英语语法——被动语态用法总结归纳被动语态是英语语法中的重要部分，学好被动语态的用法可以帮助学生更准确地理解和使用英语。
下面是被动语态用法的详细总结归纳。
1.被动语态的构成：被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成，根据时态的不同，助动词be的形式也会发生变化。
如：- 一般现在时：am/is/are + 过去分词- 一般过去时：was/were + 过去分词- 一般将来时：will be + 过去分词- 现在进行时：am/is/are being + 过去分词- 过去进行时：was/were being + 过去分词- 现在完成时：have/has been + 过去分词- 过去完成时：had been + 过去分词2.被动语态的用法：被动语态用来强调动作的承受者（主语）而不是执行者，并且常用于以下情景：2.1当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时。
例如：The cake was eaten.（蛋糕被吃了。
）2.2当动作的执行者已知，但我们要强调动作的承受者时。
例如：The house was built by my grandfather.（这座房子是我爷爷建的。
）2.3当我们要避免使用第一人称或第二人称时。
例如：Mistakes were made.（犯了错误。
）3.被动语态的注意事项：在使用被动语态时，需要注意以下几点：3.1表示动作的动词要用过去分词形式。
过去分词的形式有规律变化和不规律变化两种。
如：- 规律变化：原形 + ed，例如：played, watched, called- 不规律变化：需要记忆，例如：born, written, eaten3.2被动句的主语是动作的承受者，通常出现在句子的前面。
如：- 主动语态：I cooked dinner.（我做了晚饭。
）- 被动语态：Dinner was cooked by me.（晚饭是我做的。
）3.3 不及物动词不能构成被动语态。
不及物动词没有宾语，因此不能强调动作的承受者。
初中被动语态全解主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
一．被动语态的时态：be +动词的过去分词1.一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态：was /were +动词的过去分词3.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词语态表示主语和谓语的关系。
语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态，如：We speak Chinese in China.在中国我们说汉语;如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态,如：Chinese is spoken by us in China.在中国汉语被我们说。
A.一般现在时的被动语态结构： is /am/are +及物动词的过去分词+其它+by sb.1．Football （play） all over the world。
2．Many trees （plant） in North China.3．Rice （grow） in South China.4．A camera （use） for taking photos5．I often （ask）to do this work.B.一般过去时的被动语态结构：was /were+及物动词的过去分词＋其它+by sb.1.The house （build） in 1978.2．All the students ____________ (ask) to bring a kite with them last Sunday3．The car (clean) by Dad yesterday.4．I （tell）to wait for him right here.5. When the present （give）to him by his mother？C.含有情态动词的被动语态结构：情态动词can / may / must / should + be + 及物动词的过去分词+其它+by sb.1. Chocolate may (send) to him as a present.Computers should （look）after well.3. Can this kind of machine （mend）by Uncle Wang?4. No stars can （see） in the day-time by us.5. Must the old people ____________ (speak) to politely?一选择题()1.The letter is _______ in French.I can't read it.A. writingB. written B. wrote D. writes()2.Today,too many trees are still _____ in the world.A.cutting downB.cut downC.being cut downD.cutted down()3.English _____ in many countries,A.is spoken,B.speaks,C.is spean,D.speak,()4.This kind of apple ______ in Jinzhou.A.is grownB.growC.grewD.are grown()5. Don't worry.All the children ________ by the nurse.A. are well taken care ofB. take good care ofC.are taken good careD. take good care ()6. These young trees must ______ after well.A.lookB.looks afterC.be lookedD.looked()10.Keys are used for _____ doors.A.lockB.lockedC.lockingD.locks()11.The greenhouse(温室) should be _____ glass.A.made ofB.made fromC.made intoD.made in()12.Sorry, all the vegetables ______. Please come tomorrow.A.sells wellB.have sold outC.have been sold outD.are selling()13.The man is badly hurt. He _____ to the hospital.A.has sentB.has been sentC.sentD.has sent for()14.A big cinema ______ in our town next year.A.will buildB.is builtC.will be builtD.has built()15.This book _____ by a famous writer many years ago.A. writesB. is writtenC. was writenD. was written()16.In China the money ______ to children for good luck by their parents or other senior in Spring FestivalA.givesB.is givenC.are givenD.give。
初中英语知识点归纳被动语态的用法及其分类被动语态是英语语法中的一种重要结构，用于表达主语是动作的接受者。
初中阶段，学生需要掌握被动语态的基本用法，并能够正确地分类和运用。
本文将对初中英语知识点中的被动语态进行归纳，并进行适当的分类，以帮助学生更好地掌握被动语态的用法。
一、基本用法被动语态的基本结构是“be + 过去分词”，其中“be”是根据时态和情态动词的要求进行变换，过去分词则是动词的过去式或者第三人称单数形式。
被动语态常用于以下情况：1. 当不知道或者不关心动作的执行者时，可以使用被动语态。
例如：- The car was repaired yesterday. （这辆车昨天被修理了。
）- The book will be read by many people. （这本书将会被很多人阅读。
）2. 当强调动作的接受者时，可以使用被动语态。
例如：- The cake was eaten by the children. （蛋糕被孩子们吃了。
）- The letter was written by Tom. （这封信是汤姆写的。
）3. 当主语是不能进行动作的物体时，可以使用被动语态。
例如：- The window was broken. （窗户被打破了。
）- The ball was kicked into the goal. （球被踢进了球门。
）二、被动语态的分类根据动词的不同性质和用法，被动语态可以进行分类，下面将对常见的几种分类进行介绍。
1. 一般现在时被动语态一般现在时的被动语态结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”。
该时态常用于描述客观事实或者重复性的动作。
例如：- The car is washed every week. （这辆车每周都被洗。
）- English is spoken in many countries. （英语在很多国家被使用。
）2. 一般过去时被动语态一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was/were + 过去分词”。
初中英语语法——被动语态用法总结归纳被动语态是英语语法中的一种重要的句型结构，用来表示主语是动作的承受者，或者是主语被动地接受了其中一种行为或影响。
在被动语态中，动作的执行者通常不被说明，而动作的接受者（主语）成为句子的重点。
被动语态的结构是：“be”动词的适当形式 + 过去分词被动语态的时态、语态和主动语态一样，即可以变换时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等）和语态（进行时、完成时等）。
下面对被动语态的几个方面进行总结归纳。
1.一般现在时被动语态：一般现在时被动语态的结构是：“am/is/are”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：They make cars.- 被动语态：Cars are made by them.2.一般过去时被动语态：一般过去时被动语态的结构是：“was/were”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：She cooked dinner.- 被动语态：Dinner was cooked by her.3.一般将来时被动语态：一般将来时被动语态的结构是：“will be”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：You will clean the room.- 被动语态：The room will be cleaned by you.4.进行时被动语态：进行时被动语态的结构是：“am/is/are being”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：They are painting the wall.- 被动语态：The wall is being painted by them.5.完成时被动语态：完成时被动语态的结构是：“has/have been”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：She has written a book.- 被动语态：A book has been written by her.需要注意的是，被动语态的主语通常不是动作的执行者，所以经常用于下面几种情况：-当动作的执行者不得而知或不重要时，使用被动语态。
被动语态全解语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。
一．被动语态的时态：1.一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态：was /were +动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态：will be +动词的过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态：am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态：have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词二．被动语态的基本用法:(1) 需要强调动作的承受者时The Great Wall is enjoyed by millions of people all over the world English is widely spoken in the world now.(2) 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时The problem is dealt with now .(3) 当说话人需要强调客观时It is said that she was a beauty when she was young .三．主动主动语态变被动语态的变法：口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时不变，数格必须随被变。
注：1.主动、被动的时态要一致。
2.主动、被动的句式要一致。
3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。
一般过去时的被动语态的基本句式(1) 肯定式:主语+ was /were +过去分词+byIt was made in Beijing Ren'ai Education Institute .(2) 否定式:主语+was /were + not + 过去分词+ byThis question was not discussed at the meeting yesterday .(3) 一般疑问句:Was /Were + 主语+过去分词+by ? Was it made of bamboo?(4) 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were + 过去分词+byWhat was is made of ?由情态动词构成的被动语态的基本句式(1) 肯定式:主语+情态动词+be+过去分词 Water can be changed into ice.(2) 否定式:主语+ 情态动词+not +be +过去分词+byYou must not take out any books .- Any books mustn't be taken out by you .(3) 疑问句:情态动词+主语+be +过去分词+byCan you use it ?------Can it be used ?四．特殊情况的被动语态：1.带双宾语的被动语态：动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾)口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。
被动语态用法详解TENSE主动语态被动语态一般现在时be+V。
\V。
s am\is\are+V( p。
p)一般将来时will\be going to\be （about)to+V.will be +V （p.p）现在进行时am\is\are+V。
ing am\is\are+be ing+V(p。
p）一般过去时①was\were②V.ed was\were+V(p .p）现在完成时have\has+V.p.p have\has+bee n+V（p.p)过去完成时had+V。
p.p had+been+V （p。
p)过去进行时was\were+V。
ing was\were+bei ng+V（p。
p)情态动词情态动词+V.情态动词被动语态牢记一点,be加动词过去分词。
分析句中主和谓，承受者作主语即被动。
短语动词不可忘介、副词。
另有不及物动词，只有主动无被动.还要注意其时态,与主动语态全相同.不用被动语态的情况1）不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态（即多数的瞬间动词）：appear， die（死亡），disappear （消失）， end (vi. 结束）， fail， happen， last， lie, remain， sit, spread， stand break out, come true, fall asleep， keep silence, lose heart, take place. After the fire, very little remained of my house。
比较： rise, fall， happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。
（错）The price has been risen.(对）The price has risen。
（错)The accident was happened last week.(对)The accident happened last week。
语法专练---被动语态一、语态概述我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。
正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。
例如：Many people speak English.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。
例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
例如：He opened the door.他开了门。
(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。
(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
不及物动词本身没有被动语态。
及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。
不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。
人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。
一般现在时：am／is／are＋eaten 一般过去时：was／were＋eaten一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋eaten 过去将来时：would/should/be going to be＋eaten现在进行时：am／is／are being＋eaten 过去进行时：was／were being＋eaten 现在完成时：have／has been＋eaten 过去完成时：had been＋eaten歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。
三、被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如：some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。
被动语态笔记总结一、被动语态的定义。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
例如：The window was broken by Tom.（窗户被汤姆打破了。
）在这个句子中，“the window”（窗户）是动作“break”（打破）的承受者。
二、被动语态的构成。
1. 一般现在时的被动语态。
- 结构：am/is/are+过去分词。
- 例句：English is spoken all over the world.（全世界都讲英语。
）2. 一般过去时的被动语态。
- 结构：was/were+过去分词。
- 例句：The car was made in China last year.（这辆汽车去年是在中国制造的。
）3. 一般将来时的被动语态。
- 结构：will be+过去分词或者am/is/are going to be+过去分词。
- 例句：A new bridge will be built next year.（明年将建造一座新桥。
）- 例句：The meeting is going to be held tomorrow.（会议明天将要被举行。
）4. 现在进行时的被动语态。
- 结构：am/is/are+being+过去分词。
- 例句：The house is being painted now.（房子现在正在被粉刷。
）5. 过去进行时的被动语态。
- 结构：was/were+being+过去分词。
- 例句：The letter was being written when I came in.（当我进来的时候，信正在被写。
）6. 现在完成时的被动语态。
- 结构：have/has+been+过去分词。
- 例句：Many trees have been planted in our school.（我们学校已经种了很多树。
）7. 过去完成时的被动语态。
- 结构：had+been+过去分词。
被动语态用法详解TENSE 主动语态被动语态一般现在时be+V.\V.sam\is\are+V(p.p)一般将来时will\be going to\be (about)to+V. will be +V(p.p) 现在进行时am\is\are+V.ingam\is\are+being+V(p.p)一般过去时①was\were②V.edwas\were+V(p.p)现在完成时have\has+V.p.p have\has+bee n+V(p.p)过去完成时had+V.p.phad+been+V(p.p)被动语态牢记一点，be加动词过去分词。
分析句中主和谓，承受者作主语即被动。
短语动词不可忘介、副词。
另有不及物动词，只有主动无被动。
还要注意其时态，与主动语态全相同。
不用被动语态的情况1）不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态（即多数的瞬间动词）：appear, die（死亡）,disappear（消失）, end (vi. 结束）, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place. After the fire, very little remained of my house. 比较：rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。
（错）The price has been risen.（对）The price has risen.（错）The accident was happened last week.（对）The accident happened last week.（错）The price has raised.（对）The price has been raised.（错）Please seat.（对）Please be seated.要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。
初中英语被动语态讲解原版一、被动语态的构成形式1.被动语态的基本时态变化be 随时态被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式,被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，的变化而变化。
以do 为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：1) am/is/are +done (过去分词)一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2） has /have been done现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we'reready to start.3） am/is /are being done现在进行时例 A new cinema is being built here．4） was/were done一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5） had been done过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed inBeijing. [少儿英语口语的提高，如果方法对还是很快的，最好的方法就是让他沉浸在一个英语的环境中，现在最多人用的类似UIABC 这样的外教一对一教学平台，在一对一的教学中建立一个纯正的说英语环境，15 元 / 节的价格，也是还算比较经济的。
]6） was/were being done过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there.7） shall/will be done一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8） should/would be done过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9） shall/will have been done将来完成时（少用）例The project will have been completed before July.2.被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
初中英语语法归纳复习：被动语态重难点：掌握八种常见时态的被动语态，并能根据不同情景，灵活运用被动语态。
【知识总结归纳】一. 概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。
二. 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换We Visited that factory last summer →主动语态主语谓语宾语状语That factory was visited by us last summer →被动语态主语谓语宾语状语三. 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比四. 如何正确使用被动语态1. 有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。
需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to ”。
eg. He often tells us interesting stories . （主动语态）⎭⎬⎫.him by us to told often are stories g Interestin .him by stories g interestin told often are We （被动语态） ▲常带双宾语的词有：tell , show , lend , pass 等。
2. 在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to 被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to 还要还原。
eg. I often hear her sing this popular song . （主动语态）4434421复合宾语宾语补足语宾语She is often heard to sing this popular song .（被动语态）▲ 有这种用法的常用动词有：make , let , see , hear , watch , feel , notice 等。
3. 有些“be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。
