三十条国家政治经济术语标准版翻译

中央文献翻译部编译政治经济词汇英汉对照（一）汉语英语阿斗blockhead 爱岗敬业love one’s work and be devoted toit诚实守信be honest and keep one’s word爱国民主党派patriotic democratic parties爱国守法、明礼诚信、团结友善、勤俭自强、敬业奉献patriotism and observance of law; courtesy and honesty; solidarity and friendship; diligence,frugality andself-improvement;and devotionand contribution爱国统一战线patriotic united front爱国卫生委员会patriotic Public Health Committee 爱国卫生运动patriotic health and sanitationcampaign爱国主义教育基地site for patriotic education/siterich in patriotic significance 爱护公物take good care of public property爱面子be concerned with face-saving爱心工程Love Care Project爱婴医院Baby friendly hospital爱憎分明be clear about what to love andwhat to hate安定的国内环境Stable domestic environment 安定团结的政治局面Political stability and unity 安分守己abide by the law and behaveoneself安全责任制Safety responsibility system 安慰奖Consolation prize安于现状be content to remain a layman 按保护价敞开收购农民余粮Purchase surplus grain fromfarmers without limit atprotective prices 按揭贷款Mortgage loan按可比价格算Calculated in comparable terms 按劳分配的原则Principle of distribution to eachaccording to his work按劳分配为主、多种分配方式并存的制度System under which distribution according to work is dominant and variety of modes of distributioncoexist按年分期付款Yearly installments中央文献翻译部编译政治经济词汇英汉对照（二）按票面价值at par按市价兑换conversion at market prices按照国际惯例 act in accordance withinternational practices按照客观规律和科学规律办事act in compliance with objectiveand scientific laws按照客观经济规律办事act in accordance withobjective economic laws按照事物本来面貌take things as they really are按照依法、自愿、有偿的原则进行土地承包经营权流转 transfer the contractual right of land according to law and on a voluntary and compensatory basis按质论价Price products according toquality案犯 the accused/offender案件不受理dismissal of a legal case/nonacceptance of a legal case 案件当事人 party to a case/party to a law suit 案情details of a case /facts of a case 暗补 implicit subsidies暗箱操作 under-the-counter activities八个坚持、八个反对Eight do’s and eight don’ts(1.Emancipate the mind and seek truth from facts; do not keep doing things the old way bine theory with practice; do not copy mechanically or worshipbooks.3.Keep close ties with the people ; do not be formal or bureaucratic .4.Adhere to the principle ofdemocratic centralism; do not act arbitrarily or be feeble andlax .5.Abide by Party discipline;do not act pursue liberalism.6.Behonest and up right; do not abusepower for personal gains.7.Workhard; do not behedonistic.8.Appoint people ontheir merits; do not practicefavoritism in personnel.)中央文献翻译部编译政治经济词汇英汉对照（三）把党和国家的利益放在第一位place the interests of the partyand state above everything else 把底摸熟了know one for what one is worth把个方面的积极性引导好、保护好、发挥好guide, protect and tap the initiative of all sectors of society properly把关Make final check把国内的事办好Manage domestic affairs well把好政治关 Strictly insist on the politicalcriteria把教育办好Do well in education把经济搞活Invigorate the economy /stimulatethe economy把科学成果转化成生产力Transform scientific researchresults into productive forces把马克思主义的普遍真理同我国的具体实际结合起来Integrate the universal truth of Marxism with the concrete realities of China把企业推向市场Encourage enterprises to competein the market把全部经济工作转到以提高经济效益为中心的轨道上来Shift the focus of all economic work to the improvement of economic results把社会效益放在首位Give prime consideration to socialeffects把水搅浑Create confusion /muddy the waters 把问题摆在做面上Place the problem on the tablefor discussion把问题弄清楚Get clear on the problems involved 把握时代特点Understand the characteristics ofthe times把依法治国和以德治国结合起来Govern the country by combiningthe rule of law and the rule ofvirtue罢官Depose/dismiss from office罢免Recall(remove)from office霸道Be domineering/be tyrannical霸权主义Hegemonism白领工人White-collar worker白色公害Plastic pollution白色恐怖White terror百废俱兴Do all that has been left undone 百花奖Hundred Flowers Award中央文献翻译部编译政治经济词汇英汉对照（四）办事机构administrative body半费医疗partially paid medical care半公开more or less openly / partly open / semi-open半途而废give up halfway半殖民地半封建社会semi-colonial, semi-feudal society帮倒忙do more harm than help帮派思想严重be strongly factionalist in one's ideas / be obsessed by factionalist ideas包产到户fix farm output quotas on a household basis 保持党的先进性keep the Party's progressiveness保持国民经济持续、快速、健康发展maintain the sustained, rapid and sound development of the national economy保持清醒头脑keep clear heads / remain clear-headed / be sober-minded保护区protected area / conservation area /reserve 保监会China Insurance Regulatory Commision保健食品health food保密工作work of safeguarding secret information保税区free trade zone保险业insurance industry保证中央的政令畅通ensure the Central Committee's decisions are carried out without fail保重点，不撒胡椒面Resources must be channeled to key projects and not spread thinly everywhere.保值增值preserve or increase the value.中央文献翻译部编译政治经济词汇英汉对照（五）报案report a case报案人informant报废资产dead assets报复杀人revenge murder报关单customs declaration / declaration form 报关口岸port of entry抱残守缺hang on to what's outmoded暴力犯罪violent crimes暴利exorbitant profits爆炸罪crime of causing an explosion悲观心理 a pessimistic mood背包袱be burdened with北京通old Beijing hand北京外交人员服务局Beijing Diplomatic Service Bureau备用金reserve funds背后批评behind-the-back criticism背离depart from / deviate from / turn one's back on背书担保guarantee by endorsement被动中的主动initiative within passivity被提名人nominee被选举权right to stand for election被葬送be ruined被征入伍者inductee本本主义book worship本国home country中央文献翻译部编译政治经济词汇英汉对照（六）本国出生的公民natural-born citizen本国货币domestic currency本金总额capital sum本来面目true features本票bank check / cashier's check比较优势comparative advantage笔供written confession笔记检验handwriting verification必不可少的条件indispensable prerequisite必然要求inexorable demand毕业生分配制度system of job assignment for graduates 闭关政策closed-door policy庇护罪犯shield criminals避难权right of asylum边防通行证frontier pass边境贸易frontier trade / border trade边缘学科interdisciplinary branch of science编假决算fabricate final accounts鞭策后进spur on those who lag behind / spur on the less advanced变相敲诈勒索practice extortion in a disguised form变相逃废债务evasion of debt repayment in a disguised form 辩证唯物主义dialectical materialism标底minimum price for a bid标准合同standard contract / model contract表层问题superficial problem中央文献翻译部编译政治经济词汇英汉对照（七）表现自我self-expression表演艺术家performing artist憋着一肚子气 harbor pent-up grievances别生枝节give rise to other contingencies濒危动物endangered animal species兵役制度system of military service秉公办事handle matters impartially并行不悖be not mutually exclusive病虫害plant diseases and insect pests拨乱反正set things right / set things to rights波浪式前进advance in waves剥夺继承权disinherit剥夺阶级思想 exploiting class ideology博爱工程Love of Humanity Project博士论文doctoral dissertation薄弱环节weak link补充兵源troop replenishment / replenish an army补缴税款pay back taxes补台help somebody out补贴价格subsidized price不安定因素destabilizing factor不称职be unsuited for one's job / be unqualified不成文法典unwritten code不吃香了go out of vogue / be unpopular中央文献翻译部编译政治经济词汇英汉对照（八）不得姑息养奸No criminality is to be tolerated不得人心be unpopular / contrary to the will of the people 不发达地区underdeveloped area不分青红皂白make no distinction between right and wrong / indiscriminately不附加任何条件with no conditions attached / unconditional 不干预政策hands-off policy / noninterference policy 不敢惹not dare to offend不搞对抗avoid confrontation不公开审理hear in closed session不辜负希望justify the hope of / not disappoint somebody / not let somebody down不好交代difficult to account for不合国情inconsistent with a country's traditions (conditions) 不怀好心harbor evil designs不计名利seek neither fame nor gain不间断电源uninterrupted power supply (UPS)不讲基本原则not concern oneself with the basic principles of不讲民主without any sense of democracy / undemocratic不结盟运动Nonaligned Movement不可撤消信用证irrevocable letter of credit不可怕not terrifying / nothing to be feared不吭一声not say a word about / remain silent about / keep one's mouth shut不劳不得no pain, no gain不良后果adverse consequence不良品德bad character不良行为misdeed / bad behavior中央文献翻译部编译政治经济词汇英汉对照（九）不留隐患remove hidden perils不履行合同breach the contract / not execute a contract 不落俗套be unconventional不民主现象undemocratic practices不能成立be untenable / not hold water不能自圆其说untenable argument不平坦no plain sailing不切实际的高指标unrealistically high target不容拖延brook no delay不如别人be inferior to others不尚空谈refrain from empty talk不慎重的言论indiscreet statement不听劝告turn a deaf ear to all advice / ignore advice不同政治观点different political views不卫生的习惯unhygienic habit不问是非曲直make no distinction between right and wrong不相符合not in keeping with / not conform to / be inconsistent with不屑于disdain to do something不朽著作immortal writings (works)不要上当not allow oneself to be misled (taken in) 不一条心think differently / not of one mind不以人的意志为转移independent of man's will不在眼里beneath one's notice不正之风unhealthy tendencies / unhealthy practices不走资本主义的邪路not turn off onto the wrong road, the road to capitalism中央文献翻译部编译政治经济词汇英汉对照（十）步步高升gradually rise to eminence步子要稳当go forward on a solid footing部署力量deploy one's forces财产保险property insurance财产不受侵犯inviolability of property财产抵押property mortgage财经体制financial and economic system财力分散decentralization of financial resources财税部门financial and taxation departments财务比率financial ratio财务分析financial analysis财务监督financial supervision财务拨款financial appropriations / financial allocations 财政赤字financial deficit / fiscal deficit财政担保financial guarantee财政分级管理tiered financial management system财政巨头financial magnate财政立法financial legislation财政收入回升Revenue increases财政收支revenues and expenditures财政预算financial budget财政专户管理management of special financial accounts裁定书award采伐许可证logging permit采取中立态度take a neutral attitude中央文献翻译部编译政治经济词汇英汉对照（十一）参与意识sense of participation参与债券participating bond参政党government coalition party参政议政participation in and deliberation of state affairs 残疾人工作work concerning the disabled操作规程operating rules草地植被grassland vegetation cover草木皆兵be suspicious of everything曾用名previous name层层加码increase the quotas at each level差别税率differential tax rate插手interference / interfere查办大案要案investigate and deal with major and important cases 查无实据No evidence is found after the investigation差的很远fall far short of拆股stock split禅deep meditation产粮省grain-growing province产品规格product specification产品结构product mix中央文献翻译部编译政治经济词汇英汉对照（十二）产品验收制度system of product inspection产权界定delimitation of property rights产权收益income from property产销直接见面direct links between the producer and the seller 产业投资资金industrial investment fund产值output value长期低息贷款long-term low-interest loan长期国库券treasury bond长期人寿保险long-term life insurance长途通信电缆long-distance telecommunications cable长远规划long-term program长远目标long-range objective尝苦头drain the cup of bitterness / suffer常住人口登记permanent population register / registration of permanent residents场内交易人floor trader畅销报纸mass-circulation newspaper敞开思想，畅所欲言speak one's mind freely and fully唱对台戏challenge somebody with opposing views唱颂歌sing the praises of唱响社会主义文化的旋律highlight the main theme of socialist culture 中央文献翻译部编译政治经济词汇英汉对照（十三）超编overstaffed超高速at a super-high speed超计划生育give birth to more children than family planning allows 超卖头寸oversold position超密中子星ultra dense neutron star超收的地区localities that have excess revenues超文本hypertext朝鲜战争Korean War吵闹不休kick up a great deal of fuss about / argue endlessly炒作hype车匪路霸highway banditry扯皮wrangle with others撤回起诉withdraw an indictment / withdraw a charge撤退专家recall experts撤职处分punishment by dismissal (discharge)沉溺于engross oneself in / indulge in陈旧的思想stale ideas成本核算cost accounting成交额volume of business成套设备complete sets of equipment中央文献翻译部编译政治经济词汇英汉对照（十四）承包费contracting charge承前启后的伟大时代great era linking the past and the future 承认版权acknowledgement of copyright承受能力ability to cope with / sustainability / capacity to withstand strains承销期underwriting period城市合作银行urban cooperative bank城市居民委员会urban neighborhood committee城市污水处理规则rules for treatment of municipal wastewater 城乡二元经济结构dual structure in urban and rural economies城乡物资交流exchange of goods and materials between town and country / flow of commodities between town and country城镇土地使用税urban land-use tax惩治腐败punish corruption逞英雄play the braggart吃大亏suffer severely吃饭财政payroll finance / "mouth-feeding" budget吃饭问题problem of feasting on public funds吃红牌get a red card吃老本rest on one's laurels / live off one's past gains 持仓hold a position持久地向前发展advance in a sustained way中央文献翻译部编译政治经济词汇英汉对照（十五）赤潮red tide充分证据ample evidence / sufficient evidence充实队伍augment the existing contingent冲昏头脑turn someone's head冲劲drive重复报价repeat offer重复课税double taxation重审案件case for retrial抽逃资金illegally withdraw capital臭氧层ozone layer出错率error rate出发点starting point出格go too far出境检疫exit quarantine出境手续exit formalities出口补贴export restitution / export bounty / export subsidy 出口创汇earn foreign exchange through exports出口代办行export commission house出口单据export document出口农业export-oriented agriculture中央文献翻译部编译政治经济词汇英汉对照（十六）出口商品基地base for the production of export commodities出口退税export tax rebate / export tax refund出口信贷export credit出口专厂export-oriented factory出来工作go back to work出乱子cause disturbances / cause trouble出纳柜cashier's counter出勤率attendance rate出入境管理entry and exit control出生国籍nationality by birth出生入死brave untold dangers出庭辩护defend a case in court出问题go wrong / get into trouble出洋相make a fool of oneself / make a spectacle (an exhibition) of oneself出租率occupancy rate初步可靠的基础solid preliminary foundation 初步谅解preliminary understanding初级保健制度primary healthcare system初加工产品preliminarily processed product初始保证金initial margin中央文献翻译部编译政治经济词汇英汉对照（十七）除害灭病eradicate pests and communicable diseases 雏形embryonic form储蓄利率savings account interest rate处理失当mishandle / handle inappropriately处在磨合阶段in a fine-tuning period / in a break-in period / in a period of adjustment穿小鞋make things hard for somebody传播先进文化spread advanced culture传票summons / subpoena传统安全威胁traditional threats to security传为笑谈become a standing joke / become a laughing-stock传讯subpoena传真系统facsimile system闯的精神pioneering spirit闯将pathbreaker创出牌子earn a high reputation创始国founding nation创新体系innovation system创造条件pave the way for / create the conditions for垂死的力量moribund force垂涎三尺unable to hide one's greed / with mouth watering for / drool with envy。

2023年度国际政治经济词汇表一、全球化（Globalization）全球化是指经济、政治、文化等方面越来越多地超越国界限制，形成全球性的联系和整体化的趋势。

随着科技的进步和信息的快速传播，全球化在国际关系中扮演着重要的角色。

二、贸易战（Trade War）贸易战是指国家之间通过采取增加贸易壁垒、提高关税等手段进行的经济冲突。

贸易战对于全球经济发展和贸易伙伴关系产生了重大影响，加剧了贸易保护主义的风险。

三、信息技术（Information Technology）信息技术包括计算机科学、电子通信和网络技术等，是当代政治经济中不可或缺的一部分。

信息技术的迅速发展和应用，改变了人们的生活方式和商业模式，对国际政治经济格局产生了深远的影响。

四、可持续发展（Sustainable Development）可持续发展是指满足当前世代需求而不损害后世代发展的能力，涵盖了经济、社会和环境方面的平衡。

在国际政治经济领域，可持续发展成为推动全球合作和解决全球性挑战的重要议题。

五、数字经济（Digital Economy）数字经济是指以数字技术为基础，通过互联网和新兴技术推动的经济活动。

数字经济的快速发展催生了互联网经济、电子商务和智能科技等新兴行业，对全球经济结构和就业方式带来了革命性的变化。

六、人工智能（Artificial Intelligence）人工智能是计算机科学的一个分支，通过模拟和模仿人类智能的方法使计算机系统具有类似人类的认知能力。

人工智能技术的发展引发了对于就业与道德伦理等问题的讨论，同时也对全球政治和经济产生了深远的影响。

七、碳中和（Carbon Neutrality）碳中和是指在某个特定时间点或时间范围内，将所产生的碳排放总量与吸收或减排总量达到平衡。

碳中和被广泛认为是应对气候变化的有效手段，也是国际社会共同努力的目标之一。

八、一带一路（Belt and Road Initiative）一带一路是中国提出的推动国际合作的倡议，旨在通过互联互通、基础设施建设等方式促进沿线国家的经济合作。

Deepening reform and opening up 深化改革扩大开放The theory of building socialism with Chinese 建设有中国特色的社会The theory on the initial stage of socialism 社会主义初级阶段的理论Adhere to the four cardinal principles 坚持四项基本原则Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world 坚持改革开放Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform, opening 抓住机遇，深化改革，wider to the rest of the world, promoting development, 扩大开放，促进发展，Whether it would be beneficial to developing socialist 是否有利于发展社会主义生产力Whether it would be beneficial to enhancing the overall 是否有利于增强综合国力Whether it would be beneficial to raising people’s living 是否有利于提高人民生活水平Taking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay 以社会主义公有制为主体Common development of multi-economic sectors 多种经济成分共同发展Establishment of socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济的建立Relationships among reform, development and stability 改革发展和稳定的关系Deepening of reform and promotion of development 深化改革与促进发展Economic growth and social progress 经济增长与社会进步Strengthen the position of agriculture 加强农业的基础地位Science and technology are the primary productive forces 科学技术是第一生产力Strengthen the socialist legal system 加强社会主义法制A series of policies and measures 一系列政策措施Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革Strengthen the management of state-owned property 加强国有资产管理Reform ofmanagement of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革Reform of commodity circulation 商品流通体制改革Reform of social security system 社会保险制度改革Transferring the function of government 转换政府职能Introduce foreign capital, advanced technology and 引进外国的资金，先进技术和Economic and technical development zone 经济技术开发区Special economic zones in coastal areas 沿海经济特区Contract responsibility system with remuneration linked 家庭联产承包责任制Narrowing the gap between the rich and poor 缩小贫富差距Coexistence of various economic composition 多种经济成分共存Sustained, rapid and sound economic development 持续，快速和健康的经济发展Comprehensive development of economy 经济综合发展Strategy for economic development 经济发展战略Transform the extensive economic 粗放型经济转变为International economic integration 国际经济一体化New international economic order 国际新经济秩序Multi-polarization of world economy 世界经济多极化Macro control and micro invigoration 宏观控制与微观搞活Control of overall volume and economic restructuring 总量控制与经济结构调整Tight control on investment in fixed assets 紧缩固定资产投资控制Tight financial and monetary policy 从紧的金融货币政策Moderately tight monetary policy 适度从紧的货币政策Loosening tight monetary policy 放松紧缩的货币政策Adequate amount of the money supply 适度货币供应量Excessive amount of currency issue 过度货币发行量Balance between supply and demand 供需平衡MANAGEMENT OF STATE-OWNED PROPERTY 国有资产管理Establish a system for the management, supervision 建立国有资产管理，监督和营运体系Reform ofmanagement of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革Clearly defining property rights, specifying rights and 产权清晰，责权明确，政企分开，responsibilities, separating ownership from daily 管理科学Regulation on the supervision and management 国有企业监督管理条例Laws and regulations on the administration of 国有资产管理法律法规Operate independently, assume sole responsibility 自主经营，自负盈亏，自我发展，for its profits and losses, seek self-development 自我约束Uphold the principle of separating the functions of 坚持政企分开的原则，转变政府Preserve and increase value and prevent losses 保值增值防止流失Prevent the drain of State-owned property 防止国有资产流失Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革Clarification of property rights 明晰产权Registration of property rights 产权登记Annual checks of the registration of property rights 产权登记年检Property rights transfer agency 产权交易机构Reform of State-Owned Enterprises 国有企业改革Step up efforts to reform State-owned enterprises 加大国有企业改革力度Readjust and reorganize State-owned enterprises to 调整改组国有企业促进资产重组promote re-arrangement of assets and raise the 提高国有经济的总体素质Concentrate on rejuvenating State-owned large 集中力量抓好国有大型企业和enterprises and enterprises groups 企业集团Develop trans-regional and inter-trade enterprise 发展跨地区跨行业的企业集团Reform, reorganization and upgrading 改革，改组和改造Re-organization, association, merger, joint 改组，联合，兼并，股份合作制partnership, leasing, contract operation 租赁，承包经营和出售Manage well large enterprises and adopt a flexible 抓好大的，放活小的Give small State-owned enterprises greater freedom 放活国有小企业Standardize bankruptcy procedures, encourage 规范破产程序，鼓励企业兼并，merging of enterprises and promote re-employment 促进再就业Allow money-losing enterprise to merger 允许亏损企业兼并或破产Dispersion of redundant employees 分流富余人员Conscientiously strengthen the operation and 切实加强企业经营管理Strengthen financial management of enterprises 强化企业财务管理Tighten control over extrabudgetary funds 加强预算外资金管理Increase capital and reduce debts through various 多渠道增资减债Strive to help enterprises eliminate losses and 抓好企业扭亏增盈Develop various modes of operation and marketing 发展多种营销方式Alleviate enterprises’ social burdens 减轻企业的社会负担By tapping the potential and upgrading the 通过挖潜改造Mechanism for selecting the superior and eliminating 优胜劣汰机制Enjoy more decision-making power 享有更多的决策权Allow employees to hold some shares 允许职工持股Give more productive enterprises the power to engage 给更多的生产企业自营出口权Protect the interests of the working class 保护工人阶级利益Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革Deepening of the reform of State-owned enterprises 深化国有企业改革Reorganization of state-owned enterprises 国有企业重组Adjustment of industrial structure 行业结构调整turned into corporate enterprises 大中型企业可转变为股份公司Smaller enterprises can become shareholding co-operatives 小企业可转变为股份合作制Readjust the asset-liability ratio of state-owned enterprises 调整国有企业资产负债比State-owned independent accounting industrial enterprises 国有独立核算企业Enlarge the right of self-management 扩大自主权Promote rational flow of property right 促进产权合理流动Reduce staff to improve efficiency 减员增效Legal person responsibility system 法人责任制Responsibility for one’s own profit and loss 自负盈亏Enterprise contract management responsibility system 企业承包责任制Unreasonable economic structure 不合理的经济结构Repeated introduction of foreign equipment and technology 外国设备和技术的重复引进Regional and departmental protectionism 地区和部门保持主义Preferential policy for bankruptcy and merger 对破产和兼并企业的优惠政策Standardize bankruptcy procedure 规范破产程序Construction of a multi-layer social security system 建立多层次的社会保障制度Re-employment of redundant workers 富余职工再就业Enterprise solely funded by the State 国有独资企业。

按轻重缓急暗补暗亏颁发营业执照办理存款业务保护农民的生产积极性备付金（超额准备金）本外币并账本外币对冲操作本位利益奔小康避税币种搭配不当币种构成变相社会集资表外科目（业务）薄弱环节不变成本不变价不动产不良贷款（资产）财务公司财政赤字财政挤银行财政政策与货币政策的配合采取循序渐进的方法操作弹性操纵汇率产品构成产品积压产销率产销衔接产业政策长期国债敞口头寸炒股承购包销成套机电产品城市信用社城市合作银行城市商业银行城乡居民收入增长超过物价涨幅持续升温重复布点重置成本重组计划筹资渠道初见成效出口统一管理、归口经营出口退税储蓄存款从价税从紧控制存贷款比例存款保险体系存款货币银行存款准备金打白条大额存单大额提现大面积滑坡大一统的银行体制呆账（请见“坏账”）呆账准备金呆滞贷款贷款沉淀贷款分类贷款限额管理贷款约束机制代理国库代理金融机构贷款戴帽贷款倒逼机制道德风险地区差别第一产业第二产业第三产业递延资产订货不足定期存款定向募集东道国（请见“母国”）独立核算短期国债对冲操作对非金融部门债权多种所有制形式恶性通货膨胀二级市场发行货币发行总股本法定准备金法人股法人股东法治房地产投资放松银根非现场稽核非银行金融机构非赢利性机构分税制风险暴露（风险敞口）风险管理风险意识风险资本比例风险资本标准服务事业收入扶贫负增长复式预算制改革试点杠杆率杠杆收购高息集资个人股根本扭转公开市场操作公款私存公用事业公有经济公有制工业成本利润率工业增加值供大于求鼓励措施股份合作企业股份制企业股份制银行固定资产贷款关税减免关税减让关税优惠规范行为规模效益国计民生国家对个人其他支出国家风险国际分工国际收支国有独资商业银行国有经济（部门）国有企业国有制国有资产流失国债回购国债一级自营商过度竞争过度膨胀过热迹象合理预期核心资本合资企业红利宏观经济运营良好宏观调控宏观调控目标坏账还本付息换汇成本汇兑在途汇兑支出汇率并轨活期存款汇率失调混合所有制货币政策态势货款拖欠基本建设投资基本经济要素基本适度基准利率机关团体存款机会成本激励机制积压严重挤提存款挤占挪用技改投资技术密集型产品计划单列市计划经济集体经济加大结构调整力度加工贸易加快态势加强税收征管稽查加权价价格放开价格形成机制减亏简化手续交投活跃缴存准备金结构扭曲结构失调结构性矛盾突出结构优化结汇、售汇金融脆弱金融动荡金融风波金融恐慌金融危机金融压抑金融衍生物金融诈骗紧缩银根经常账户可兑换经济特区经济体制改革经济增长方式的转变经济增长减速经济制裁经营自主权景气回升境外投资竞争加剧局部性金融风波开办人民币业务可维持（可持续）经济增长可变成本可自由兑换货币控制现金投放扣除物价因素库存产品跨国银行业务跨年度采购会计准则来料加工离岸银行业务理顺外贸体制利率杠杆的调节作用利润驱动利息回收率联行清算连锁企业良性循环两极分化零售物价指数流动性比例流动资产周转率/流通速度流动资金贷款流通体制流通网络留购（租赁期满时承租人可购买租赁物）垄断行业乱集资乱收费乱摊派买方市场卖方市场卖出回购证券贸易差额民间信用免二减三明补明亏名牌产品母国（请见“东道国”）内部审计内地与香港内债扭亏为盈扭曲金融分配农副产品采购支出农村信用社泡沫效应泡沫经济培育新的经济增长点片面追求发展速度平衡发展瓶颈制约平稳回升铺底流动资金普遍回升配套改革配套人民币资金企业办社会企业集团战略企业兼并重组企业领导班子企业所得税企业效益企业资金违规流入股市欠税欠息强化税收征管强制措施翘尾因素切一刀清理收回贷款（破产）清算倾斜政策区别对待趋势加强全球化权益回报率缺乏后劲绕规模贷款人均国内生产总值人均收入人民币升值压力认缴资本软贷款软预算约束软着陆三角债善政廉政商业贷款上市公司设备利用社会保障审批金融机构审慎监管生产能力闲置生息资产实际利用外资实际有效汇率实时实收资本实现利润市场分割市场经济市场占有率（市场份额）市场准入市价总值适度从紧适时调节收回对金融机构贷款税后还贷税收流失税源不足私营经济（私人经济）私有制所有者权益逃税套汇剔除季节性因素调节流动性贴现窗口同比同业拆借（放）同业拆借市场利率（中国）同业融通票据同业往来透支退税头寸吞吐基础货币脱媒现象外部审计外国直接投资外汇储备外汇调剂外汇占款外向型经济外债外资企业完善现代企业制度完税凭证违法经营委托存款稳步增长稳健的银行系统稳中求进物价监测吸纳流动性稀缺经济洗钱系统内调度系统性金融危机下岗工人下游企业现场稽核现金滞留（居民手中）乡镇企业消费物价指数消费税消灭财政赤字销货款回笼销售平淡协议外资金额新经济增长点新开工项目新增贷款新增就业位置信贷规模考核信号失真信托投资公司信息不对称信息反馈信息共享系统信息披露信用扩张信用评级姓“资”还是姓“社”行政措施需求膨胀虚伪存款削减冗员寻租迅速反弹养老基金一刀切一级市场应收未收利息银行网点赢利能力营业税硬贷款（商业贷款）用地审批有管理的浮动汇率证券投资游资（热钱）有市场的产品有效供给诱发新一轮经济扩张逾期贷款与国际市场接轨预算外支出（收入）预调月环比再贷款在国际金融机构储备头寸在人行存款在途资金增加农业投入增势减缓增收节支措施增长平稳增值税涨幅偏高账外账折旧整顿政策工具政策性业务政策性银行政策组合政府干预证券交易清算证券业务占款支付困难支付能力直接调控方式向间接调控方式转变职能转换职业道德指令性措施指令性计划制定和实施货币政策滞后影响中介机构中央与地方财政分灶吃饭重点建设周期谷底周转速度主办银行主权风险注册资本逐步到位逐步取消抓大放小专款专用转贷转轨经济转机转折关头准财政赤字准货币资本不足资本利润率资本账户可兑换资不抵债资产负债表资产负债率资产集中资产贡献率资产利润率资产质量资产组合资金成本资金到位资金宽裕资金利用率资金缺口资金体外循环资金占压自筹投资项目自有资金综合国力综合效益指标综合治理总成交额总交易量总成本所有者权益逃税（请见“避税”）套汇剔除季节性因素调节流动性贴现窗口同比同业拆借（放）同业拆借市场利率（中国）同业融通票据同业往来透支退税头寸吞吐基础货币脱媒现象外部审计外国直接投资外汇储备外汇调剂外汇占款外向型经济外债外资企业完善现代企业制度完税凭证违法经营委托存款稳健的银行系统稳中求进无纸交易物价监测吸纳流动性稀缺经济洗钱系统内调度系统性金融危机下岗工人下游企业现场稽核现金滞留（居民手中）乡镇企业消费物价指数消费税消灭财政赤字销货款回笼销售平淡协议外资金额新经济增长点新开工项目新增贷款新增就业位置信贷规模考核信号失真信托投资公司信息不对称信息反馈信息共享系统信息披露信用扩张信用评级姓“资”还是姓“社”行政措施需求膨胀虚伪存款削减冗员寻租迅速反弹养老基金一刀切一级市场应收未收利息银行网点赢利能力营业税硬贷款（商业贷款）用地审批有管理的浮动汇率证券投资游资（热钱）有市场的产品有效供给诱发新一轮经济扩张逾期贷款与国际惯例接轨与国际市场接轨预算外支出（收入）预调月环比再贷款在国际金融机构储备头寸在人行存款在途资金增加农业投入增势减缓增收节支措施增长平稳增值税涨幅偏高账外账折旧整顿政策工具政策性业务政策性银行政策组合政府干预证券交易清算证券业务占款支付困难支付能力直接调控方式向间接调控方式转变职能转换职业道德指令性措施指令性计划制定和实施货币政策滞后影响中介机构中央与地方财政分灶吃饭重点建设周期谷底周转速度主办银行主权风险注册资本逐步到位逐步取消抓大放小专款专用转贷转轨经济转机转折关头准财政赤字准货币资本不足资本充足率资本利润率资本账户可兑换资不抵债资产负债表资产负债率资产集中资产贡献率资产利润率资产质量资产组合资金成本资金到位资金宽裕资金利用率资金缺口资金体外循环资金占压自筹投资项目自有资金综合国力综合效益指标综合治理总成交额总交易量总成本最后贷款人最后贷款人safety neton comparable basisto prioritizeimplicit subsidyhidden lossto license;to grant a licence toto take depositsto protect farmers'incentive to produceexcess reservesconsolidation of domestic and foreign currencyaccountssterilization operationlocalized interest;departmentalismto strive to prosper;to strive to become well-to-dotax avoidancecurrency mismatchcurrency compositiondisguised irregular（or illegal） fund raisingoff-balance-sheet items（operation）weaknesses;loopholesfixed costat constant price;in real termsreal estateproblem loans；non-performing loans（assets）finance companiesfiscal deficitfiscal pressure on the central bank（over monetary policy）coordination of fiscal and monetary policiesin a phased and sequenced manneroperational flexibilityto manipulate exchange rateproduct composition;product mixstock pile;excessive inventorycurrent period inventory;（即期库存，不含前期库存）sales/output ratiomarketabilityindustrial policytreasury bondsopen positionto speculate in the stock marketunderwrite（securities）complete sets of equipment; complete plant（s）urban credit cooperatives（UCCs）urban cooperative banks; municipal united banksmunicipal commercial banksreal growth in household incomepersistent overheatingduplicate projectsreplacement costrestructuring planfunding sources;financing channelsinitial successcanalization of exportsexport tax rebatehousehold deposits（不完全等同于西方savingsdeposits，前者包括活期存款，后者不包括。

时事政治经济词汇英汉对照时事政经词汇英汉对照站在新起点on a new starting point创新型国家innovation-oriented country资源节约型社会resource-conserving society资源型城市转型transformation of resource-dependent cities区别对待，有保有压the principle of taking different approaches to different situations and encouraging the growth of some sectors while discouraging the expansion of others“五个统筹” maintain the "five balances" (balancing urban and rural development, development among regions, economic and social development, development of man and nature, and domestic development and opening up to the outside world)⿎励、⽀持和引导⾮公有制经济encourage, support and guide the growth of the non-public sector of the economy发扬成绩build on our achievements环保专项治理special projects to address serious environmental problems保护天然林protect virgin forests退牧还草return grazing land to grassland退耕还林还草return farmland to forests or grassland⽯漠化spread of stony deserts防沙治沙prevent and control desertification⽣态补偿机制 a mechanism for ecological compensation农村综合试点改⾰trials of comprehensive rural reform农机具补贴subsidies for agricultural machinery and tools良种补贴subsidies for growing superior grain cultivators多予少取放活the policy of giving more, taking less and loosening control (to increase rural incomes)“三提五统” "three deductions" (for public reserve fun ds, public welfare funds and management fees) and the "five charges" (charges for rural education, family planning, militia training, rural road construction and subsidies to entitled groups)看病难、看病贵，上学难、上学贵the difficulty and high cost of getting medical treatment and receiving an education粮⾷安全food safety农村劳动⼒转移培训job training for farm laborers looking for urban employment防⽌“⼀哄⽽起” avoid herd mentality农村信⽤社体制the system of rural credit cooperatives牧业税livestock tax资源税resource tax农业⾯源污染widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area政策性关闭破产policy-based closure and bankruptcy企业分离办社会relieve enterprises of their obligation to operate social programs城市和国有企业⼚办⼤集体collectively owned factories operated bystate-owned enterprises and cities上市公司股权分置改⾰reform of the shareholder structure of listed companies ⼈民币汇率形成机制改⾰reform of the mechanism for setting the renminbi exchange rate利率形成和传导机制setting and transmitting interest rates国债余额管理⽅式the method of outstanding balance management for its national debt建⽴财政性科技投⼊稳定增长机制establish a mechanism to ensure stable growth of government investment in science and technology坚持国家绝对控股keep a controlling share in the state's hands强化银⾏资本充⾜率约束strengthen capital requirements for banks政府收⽀分类改⾰reformation of the classification of government revenue and expenditures投资主体和产权多元化investment from various sources and diversified ownership完善国有资产监管体制，健全国有资本经营预算制度、经营业绩考核体系和国有资产重⼤损失责任追究制度strengthen the oversight system for state assets by establishing a sound operating and budget system for state capital, a sound performance evaluation system and a sound system for assigning responsibility for major losses of state assets提⾼系统集成能⼒improve systems integration控制新增产能control expansion of production capacity废物综合利⽤和废旧资源回收利⽤comprehensive utilization of waste materials and recovery and recycling of used resources 资源开发补偿机制、衰退产业援助机制mechanisms to compensate for resource depletion and to aid declining industries突发公共卫⽣事件医疗救治体系medical treatment system for public health emergencies乡镇卫⽣院health clinics in towns and townships公共⽂化基础设施culture-related facilities for public use城市低保对象urban residents entitled to basic living allowances完善城市低保制度improve the system of urban subsistence allowances重点优抚对象key entitled groups国家统⼀的职务与级别相结合的⼯资制度和⼯资正常增长机制 a unified national salary system based on position and rank and a mechanism for regular pay increases保持共产党员先进性keep CPC members progressive, innovative and forward-thinking兴边富民vitalize border areas and enrich the people living there西部地区“两基”攻坚计划the plan to make nine-year compulsory education universal and to eliminate illiteracy among the young and middle-aged in the western region项⽬核准与备案project approval and record-keeping完善境外投资协调机制和风险控制机制improve the mechanisms for coordinating overseas investment and risk management 过渡期transitional period官煤勾结government officials in cahoots with coalmine operators government officials act in collusion with coalmine operators重点抽查spot test with a focus on; a spot test focusing on采煤沉陷区sinkholes in coal mining areas棚户区shantytowns传销及变相传销pyramid schemes and the ones in disguised forms⼿机实名制mobile phone identification policy福利腐败corruption in the execution of welfare policy内外资企业所得税统⼀the unity of income taxes levied from domestic and foreign-funded enterprises论⽂崇拜the worship of research paper; the worship of scientific paper以房养⽼use house property as the living means for one's old age; using house property as the living means for the aged 《中华⼈民共和国公司法》Company Law of the People's Republic of China 《重⼤动物疫情应急条例》Emergency Measures for Handling Major Animal Epidemics《关于预防煤矿⽣产安全事故的特别规定》Special Regulations for Preventing Coalmine Accidents《国家突发公共事件总体应急预案》Master State Plan for Rapid Response to Public Emergencies《信访条例》Regulations on Petitions in the Form of Letters and Visits⽆忧英语——专业在线英语培训全英⽂浸泡让你开⼝说英语政府⼯作报告英语词汇reform and opening up and in the modernization drive改⾰开放和社会主义现代化建设put into practice the guiding principles of the Sixteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) under the leadership of the CPC and the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents以邓⼩平理论和”三个代表” 重要思想为指导，贯彻落实党的⼗六⼤精神Per capita GDP⼈均国内⽣产总值financial strength grew noticeably财⼒明显增强total government revenue全国财政收⼊total import and export volume进出⼝总额laid-off workers下岗失业⼈员urban per capita disposable income城镇居民⼈均可⽀配收⼊rural per capita net income农民⼈均纯收⼊grew in real terms实际增长first manned spaceflight⾸次载⼈航天飞⾏overall national strength综合国⼒communicable disease传染性疾病mobilized the general public throughout the country to control the outbreak 在全国范围内实⾏群防群控primary-level organizations基层组织prevention and treatment work预防救治⼯作anti-SARS campaign抗击⾮典⽃争expand domestic demand扩⼤内需a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策macro-control宏观调控rectify and standardize the order of the land market整顿和规范⼟地市场秩序stop disorderly and unauthorized acquisition of farmland制⽌乱征滥占耕地deposit-reserve ratio存款准备⾦率an appropriate amount of fine-tuning适度微调agriculture, rural areas and farmers"三农"major grain producing areas粮⾷主产区important raw and processed materials重要原材料strategic restructuring of the economy经济结构战略性调整the second phase of the key water control project at the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River 三峡⽔利枢纽⼆期⼯程transmitting natural gas from the west to the east西⽓东输transmission of electricity from the west to the east西电东送south-to-north water diversion project南⽔北调⼯程large-scale development of the western region西部⼤开发social undertakings社会事业treasury bonds国债national public health system全国公共卫⽣体系public health infrastructure公共卫⽣设施pilot projects试点项⽬medical care system and medical assistance system医疗制度和医疗合作制度central budget中央财政预算modern distance education现代远程教育strategically important hi-tech research战略⾼技术研究industrial application of new and high technologies⾼新技术产业化a national medium- to long-range program for scientific and technological development国家中长期科学和技术发展规划feasibility studies可⾏性研究family planning work计划⽣育⼯作land and resources administration国⼟资源管理social security work社会保障⼯作vital interests切⾝利益employment and reemployment就业再就业college expansion plan⾼校扩招计划regular institutions of higher learning普通⾼校"two guarantees" (guaranteeing that the living allowances for workers laid off from state-owned enterprises and that the pensions of retirees are paid on time and in full) "两个确保"（确保国有企业下岗职⼯的基本⽣活，确保离退休⼈员的基本⽣活，保证按时⾜额发放基本养⽼⾦）"three-stage guarantee" for laid-off workers"三条保障线"（国有企业下岗职⼯基本⽣活保障、失业保险、城市居民最低⽣活保障制度三条保障线）subsistence allowances for the urban poor城市居民最低⽣活保障special funds专项资⾦ex-servicemen退役军⼈disabled revolutionary servicemen⾰命伤残军⼈post-disaster reconstruction灾后重建the problem of wage arrears for migrant rural workers拖⽋农民⼯⼯资问题institutional innovation体制创新state assets国有资产a mechanism for oversight and management of the banking sector银⾏业监管体系administrative examination and approval system⾏政审批制度Fresh progress was made in transforming state-owned enterprises into stock companies. 国有企业股份制改⾰继续推进。

时事政治术语词汇中英文对照civil partnership：民事伴侣关系witness：证人deploy：部署hard line：强硬路线lash out：严厉斥责clinical trial：临床试验abstention：弃权stoppage：中止；中断vaccinate：接种疫苗detonate：引爆；爆炸mascot：吉祥物cull：扑杀field work：实地考察riot：骚乱；暴动derail：脱轨；出轨stampede：蜂拥；踩踏stamp out：扑灭runoff：决定性竞选adjournment：延期；休会trilogy：三部曲touch down：着陆；落地Low profile：低调的形象cold front：冷锋blast off：发射；升空launch pad：发射台relief：救济；救济品aftershock：余震mire：陷入困境mastermind：策划felony：重罪hearing：听证会bear down on：逼近power-for-money deal：权钱交易exit poll：投票后民调standoff：僵局theme park：主题公园hunt down：追捕直至抓获tenure：任期bustling：熙熙攘攘的overshadow：投上阴影hands-on：亲自参与deplore：深表遗憾hordes of：成群的death toll：死亡人数sexual harassment：性骚扰constitution：宪法deliberate on：审议martyr：烈士；殉难者military exercises：军事演习clamp down on：施压于；压制Fatality：死亡；宿命Cruise missile：巡航导弹Whopping：巨大的Reconnaissance：侦察，踏勘Touch down：着陆，降落Smother：使熄灭，使窒息Haze：薄雾Remand：还押，押候Submarine：潜艇Sticking point：症结Protracted：延长的Bloodthirsty：残忍的Amphibious assault vehicle：水陆两用装甲车Surveillance：监视，监督Recess：休会；暂时中断Jetliner：喷气式客机Downpour：倾盆大雨Half brother：异父或异母兄弟Desolate：荒凉的，无人烟的Compare notes：交换意见Drought：旱灾；干旱季节Erode：腐蚀；使减少、减弱Defending champion：卫冕冠军Hunger strike：绝食抗议Disaffected：不忠的，不满的Seal off：封锁，阻隔Strand：使陷于困境Tribunal：特等法庭Sabotage：蓄意破坏Devout：虔敬的，诚恳的Operation：军事行动Shucks：歉意，失望Hand out：分发，施舍Rear-end：追尾Shed light on：使某事清楚Overrun：蹂躏，侵占Barbed：有刺的Margin of error：误差幅度Disarmament：裁军，解除武装Head for：动身，前往Double-decker：双层巴士Outskirts：市郊，郊外Edge out：微微胜过Anonymity：匿名，无名Blistering：酷热的Envoy：外交使节，特使Launch window：发射时限Upbeat：乐观的，愉快的Disrespectful：失礼的，无礼的Aggression：侵略；挑衅美国政治术语全记录之英汉对照(A-G)academic freedom：(学术自由) affirmative action:(弱族辅助行动) AFL-CIO：Abbreviation for the American Federation of Labor–Congress of Industrial Organizations, (美国联邦工会)Alaskan pipeline：(阿拉斯加石油运输管道)alderman：(AWL-duhr-muhn) A member of a city council. 市政代表American Civil Liberties Union：美国民权自由同盟.American Dream：美国梦American Legion：美国老兵会antitrust legislation：反托拉斯立法apportionment：议会席位分配appropriation：拨款arbitration：仲裁Atomic Energy Commission：原子能委员会attorney general of the United States：美国司法部长block grant: 一种联邦对各州的拨款blue laws:蓝色法令,通常是限制酒吧及酒类在星期天营业或销售的法令. branches of government:政府各部门broad construction:广义解释(指对宪法) busing:公车接送学生.(反种族歧视的手段之一)cabinet:内阁, 包括14个联邦政府部长campaign finance reform:竞选资助改革capital offense:死罪, 包括谋杀和叛国罪等可能被判死刑的犯罪capital punishment:死刑Capitol Hill:国会山caucus:(KAW-kuhs) 美国的党代会Central Intelligence Agency:中央情报局checks and balances:(权力)制衡civil liberties:民事自由civil rights:民事权利clear and present danger:显而易见的危险(一种限制言论自由的标准.) closed primary:闭锁式初选，排他性预选cloture:(KLOH-chuhr) 以表决结束辩论coattail effect:裙带关系影响commander in chief:全军统帅(指战争状态的总统)confirmation hearings:确认听证Congress:国会Congressional Record:国会记录. conscientious objector:拒服兵役者Constitution, United States:美国宪法. containment, policy of:牵制外交政策contempt of Congress:藐视国会contempt of court:藐视法庭court of appeals:上诉法院cruel and unusual punishment:异常酷刑dark horse:黑马de facto segregation:种族隔离defendant:The party that is being sued in court. (Compare plaintiff.)Democrat:民主党员.Department of Agriculture:农业部Department of Commerce:商业部Department of Defense:国防部, 总部设在Pentagon.(五角大楼) Department of Education:教育部Department of Energy:能源部Department of Health and Human Services:健康及公共事业部Department of Housing and Urban Development:住宅及城市发展部Department of Justice:司法部Department of Labor:劳动部Department of State:国务院,(与中国不同,该相当于外交部,首脑叫国务卿(secretary of state.)Department of the Interior:内务部Department of the Treasury:财政部Department of Transportation:交通部Department of Veterans Affairs:退役军人事务部direct primary:一种选举程序,中国无对应的名词,遂附英语原注释An election in which voters choose candidates to run on a party’s ticket in a subsequent election for public office. district attorney:地区检控官(律师) dollar diplomacy:美元外交domino theory:多米诺理论(指对一个主要的共产党国家失去控制将导致区域性共产主义运动.donkey:驴,民主党的徽记double jeopardy:双重处罚,指在统一管辖范围对统一犯罪审判两次.该属宪法禁止的.draft:抓壮丁式的征兵draft dodger:逃壮丁者Drug Enforcement Administration:毒品管理署due process of law:正当审判原则, 指公民未经正当合法的司法程序不得被剥夺生命,自由和财产.E pluribus unum:众多中的一个.(拉丁语美国格言,印在美国货币上)Eastern Establishment:东部权势集团Electoral College:选民代表(选民选出的再投票代表们)elephant:象(共和党党徽) entitlements:联邦资助项目(复) Environmental Protection Agency:环保署Equal Employment Opportunity Commission:平等就业机会委员会equal opportunity:机会平等(教育,就业,人权等方面)equal protection of the laws:法律面前人人平等Equal Rights Amendment:平权修正案equal time:指政党代表在电视,电台辩论发言时间均等ex post facto:溯及既往ex post facto law:溯及既往的法律 (为宪法所禁止)executive branch:执行部门farm bloc:国会里的农业集团favorite son:最佳候选人Federal Bureau of Investigation:联邦调查局federalism:联邦制fellow traveler:同党felony:重罪Fifth Amendment:第五修正俺filibuster:为阻挠议事而进行的冗长发言First Amendment:第一修正案Foggy Bottom:雾底(美国国务院的昵称,取自原座落地名)Foreign Relations Committee:对外关系委员会Foreign Service:住外事务处,(外交使团的总称)Fourteenth Amendment:十四修正案. franchise:政治上指投票权freedom of assembly:集会自由freedom of association:结社自由freedom of religion:宗教自由. freedom of speech:言论自由. freedom of the press:新闻自由friend of the court:指法庭顾问gay rights:同性恋权利.gender gap:性别隔阂.指男女之间日见明显的投票倾向的差异gerrymander:指执政党为保持选举优势采取的重划选区以削弱反对党选民范围的方法.Good Neighbor policy:罗斯福对拉丁美洲的好邻居政策GOP:Abbreviation of Grand Old Party, 大老党,共和党的别称grand jury:大陪审团guilt by association:连坐gunboat diplomacy:炮舰外交habeas corpus:人身保护hawks and doves:鹰派与鸽派hearsay:传闻homicide:他杀(有合法非法之分) House of Representatives:众议院hung jury:未作出裁决的陪审团政治用语英汉翻译马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、江泽民“三个代表”重要思想Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin “Three Represent’s”important Thought新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure 社会主义制度socialist system社会变革social transformation建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program of our Party in theprimary stage of socialism改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China马克思主义政党Marxist political Party 党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first (second\third)generation人民民主专政the people’s democratic dictatorship国民经济体系national economic system综合国力aggregate national strength 国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP)独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace 马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China加强和改进党的建设，不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。

一、政治经济Politique et Economie1. 中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十二个五年规划的建议Propositions du Comité central du PCC sur l’élaboration du XIIe plan quinquennal pour le développement économique et social2. 电动汽车科技发展“十二五”专项规划Programme pour le développement technologique des automobiles électriques au cours du XIIe plan quinquennal3. 中国独秀论théorie / assertion du « miracle chinois » // thèse / propos / affirmation sur le « miracle chinois »4. 中国经济责任论théorie / assertion de la responsabilité économique de la Chine // propos / affirmation sur la responsabilité économique de la Chine5. 中国经济威胁论théorie / assertion de la menace économique chinoise // propos / affirmation sur la menace économique chinoise6. 实兵合练manœuvre(s) militaire(s) conjointe(s) avec l’engagement des effe ctifs / la participation des soldats7. 实弹合练manœuvre(s) militaire(s) conjointe(s) à tir(s) réel(s)8. “和平使命—2010”联合军演exercice(s) militaire(s) conjoint(s) de la « Mission de paix 2010 »9. 宽领域、多层次、全方位对外开放格局situation / contexte de large ouverture tous azimuts, à tous les niveaux et dans de nombreux domaines10. 走廊外交diplomatie de couloir11. 秘密外交diplomatie de l’ombre12. 度假外交diplomatie des vacances (politiques)13. 微笑外交diplomatie du sourire14. 人权外交diplomatie des droits de l’homme15. 亲善外交diplomatie de la main tendue16. 经济外交diplomatie économique17. 文化外交diplomatie culturelle18. 欧元外交diplomatie de l’euro19. 巧实力外交（美国国务卿希拉里主张）diplomatie de « puissance intelligente »20. 家族政治politique de clan21. 雷人官话propos ahurissants des fonctionnaires // paroles surprenantes / déconcertantes / choquantes des fonctionnaires22. 给力cool // génial // encourageant // enthousiasmantλ不给力décevant // décourageant23. 两手抓，两手都要硬mener deux actions de front // gérer deux priorités avec autant de force / simultanément // accorder la même importance / une importance égale au matériel et au spirituel / à deux tâches différentes24. 全媒体omni-média // poly-média(s)25. 媒体融合fusionnement / fusion médiatique // intégration des moyens de diffusion // convergence des médias26. 三俗（庸俗、低俗、媚俗）les trois vulgarités (immoralité, bassesse et kitsch) // vulgarité dans les médias // tendances vulgaires27. 端起碗来吃肉，放下筷子骂娘cracher dans la soupe // se plaindre malgré l’amélioration du niveau de vie // On n’est jamais satisfait de ce que l’on a dans la vie.28. 不折腾ne pas se torturer // ne pas se poser sans cesse des questions // ne pas douter sans cesse // éviter les revers auto-infligés // sans douter de tout // ne pas remettre en cause ce qui est décidé // ne pas reposer toujours la même question // continuer sans revenir sur le passéλ只要我们不动摇、不懈怠、不折腾，坚定不移地推进改革开放，坚定不移地走中国特色社会主义道路，就一定能够胜利实现这一宏伟蓝图和奋斗目标Ce plan grandiose et nos objectifs de lutte pourront seréaliser si nous ne vacillons pas, ni nous relâchons ou nous torturons / à condition que nous n’hésitions pas, ne nous relâchions pas, évitions les revers auto-infligés, en poursuivant inébranlablement laréforme et l’ouve rture et en suivant la voie socialiste à la chinoise.29. 汇率操纵国报告Rapport sur les (pays manipulateurs des) taux de change30. 翘尾效应effet (de) report / déport31. 股权投资apport en actions / en titres // capital-investissement32. 私募股权（基金）capital / fonds d’in vestissement privé / non coté à la Bourse33. 刚性需求/刚需demande inélastique / rigide // besoins absolus34. 弹性需求demande élastique35. 地王terrain à bâtir / construire le plus cher // lot de terrain à prix royal / vendu à prix d’or36. 拿地saisir le terrain // acquérir des terrains37. 囤地rétention spéculative de terrains à bâtir // acquérir / accaparer les terrains à des finsspéculatives // stocker des terrains38. 限购令restriction à l’achat // limitation sur les achats (immobiliers, autom obiles) // limitation imposée (par la directive de...) sur les acquisitions (immobilières, automobiles)39. 公租房HLM (Habitations à loyer modéré) // logements locatifs publics // logements sociaux à louer // parc locatif social (广义)40. 去库存化déstockage41. 包容性增长croissance inclusive42. 灵巧增长croissance intelligente43. 可持续增长croissance durable44. 以碳换贷（以碳排放的减排额作为抵押物进行环保产业融资）crédit carbone (système d’échange des quotas d’émission de CO2)45. 单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放量émission de CO2 par unité de PIB46. 银发经济économie des « cheveux gris » / de la vieillesse / du troisième âge47. 空巢老人personnes âgées vivant seules / dans la solitude48. 遍地开花、一哄而上lancer une mesure en fanfare // se lancer bruyamment dans une action发展新型产业不能遍地开花、一哄而上。

30个重要术语权威英译中央编译局首次发布的30条术语全部采自今年3月份召开的十二届全国人大三次会议重要文件，包括：《政府工作报告》、《关于2014年国民经济和社会发展计划执行情况与2015年国民经济和社会发展计划草案的报告》和《关于2014年中央和地方预算执行情况与2015年中央和地方预算草案的报告》。

在选择术语时，遵循了四个基本标准：一是新提法、新表述，比如“‘四个全面’战略布局”；二是富有传播效力的表述，比如“有权不可任性”；三是专业性概念，比如“普惠金融”；四是中国特色的表述，比如“硬骨头”。

小编为大家整理了三十个重要术语译文。

1、“四个全面”战略布局Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy【释义】全面建成小康社会、全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全面从严治党。

The Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy is to make comprehensive moves to:1) finish building a moderately prosperous society;2) deepen reform;3) advance the law-based governance of China;4) strengthen Party self-discipline.2、“两个一百年”奋斗目标Two Centenary Goals【释义】在中国共产党成立一百年时全面建成小康社会，在新中国成立一百年时建成富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家。

The Two Centenary Goals are: to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the Communist Party of China celebrates its centenary in 2021; and to turn China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time the People’s Republic of China celebrates its centenary in 2049.3、三期叠加simultaneously deal with the slowdown in economic growth, make difficult structural adjustments, and absorb the effects of previous economic stimulus policies4、双目标dual objectives【例】保持中高速增长和迈向中高端水平双目标。

1.历史地位和指导意义：historical status and guiding significance2.基本路线和纲领：basic line and program3.根本任务和战略步骤：fundamental task and strategic steps4.改革开放：reform and opening-up (or opening to the outside world)5.经济体制改革：economic restructuring / reform of economic structure6.政治体制改革：political restructuring7.社会主义精神文明建设：Socialist Cultural and Ideological Progress8.国防和军队建设：National Defense and Army Building9.坚持四项基本原则：Upholding (or Adhering to / Persisting in) the Four Cardinal Principles10.祖国统一大业：The great cause of reunification of the motherland11.中国的发展离不开世界：China’s development will not ignore the world/China’s development is inseparable from theworld.12.以。

作为行动指南：take … as its guide to action.13.当代中国：present-day China14.。

是集体智慧的结晶：…is a crystallization of the collective wisdom.15.解放思想，实事求是：to emancipate the mind and seek truth from facts16.开拓新境界：to explore a new realm17.精髓：the quintessence18.深刻地揭示了。

【AAA】汉译英时事政治经济常用语翻译大全1.深化亚太合作共创和谐未来EnhancingAsia-PacificCooperationtoCreateaHarmoniousFutureEPcerptsfromtheSpeechDeliveredbyHuJintaoAtthe13thAPECEconomicLeaders’Meeting,Busan,ROK,18Novembe r20GG2.世界上还存在着不少不稳定不确定因素，地区冲突和摩擦此起彼伏，恐怖主义活动猖獗，南北差距拉大，非传统安全威胁上升，人类面临着许多严峻挑战，国际社会实现持久和平、共同繁荣任重而道远。

Intoday’sworld,therearestillquitesomefactorsofinstabilityanduncer tainty.Frequentregionalfrictionsandconflicts,rampantterroristactivities,t hewideningNorth-Southgapandrisingnontraditionalsecuritythreatsallpo seseverechallengestomankind.Theinternationalcommunityiscurrentlyfac inganuphillstruggletoachievelastingpeaceandcommonprosperity.3.在经济全球化进程中，相当一部分发展中国家面临着被边缘化的危险，发展经济困难加剧，同发达国家的发展差距继续拉大。

Intheprocessofeconomicglobalization,aconsiderablenumberofdevel opingcountries,whicharefacedwiththedangerofbeingmarginalized,havef oundgrowingdifficultiesintheireconomicdevelopmentandawideninggap betweenthemselvesandthedevelopedcountries.4.我们应该按照公认的国际规则，本着互谅互让的精神，通过对话协商，共同寻求解决分歧之道。

绝对优势：Absolute advantage无政府主义者：Anarchists套利机会: Arbitrage opportunity以物易物：Barter黑市：Black market债券：Bond举债/入不敷出：Borrowing 、dissaving预算赤字：Budget deficits经济周期：Business cycle/ boom-bust cycle 可赎回债券：Callable bonds资本消耗：Capital consumption资本品：Capital goods资本主义：Capitalism抵押物：Collateral计划经济：Command economic比较优势：Comparative advantage竞争：Competition互补品：Compiements消费品与服务：Comsumergoods and services 消费价格指数：Comsumer pricei ndex公司股票：Corporate stock腐败：Corruption反周期政策：Countercyclical policies信用卡：credit card信用记录：Credit history信用额度：credit limit信用风险：Credit risk信用中介：Credit intermediary信用评分：Credit score挤出效应：Crowding out信用交易：Credit Transaction贬值：Debasement违约：Default拖欠债务：Delinquencies需求：Demand需求曲线：Demand curve需求表：Demand schedule储户：Depreciation折旧：Depreciation直接交换：Direct exchange折现：Discount非均衡：Disequilibrium股息：Dividend劳动分工：Division of labor禁毒：Druge prohibition经济民主：Economic democracy经济问题：Economic problem规模经济：Economic of scale企业家：entrepreneur均衡：Equilibrium汇率：Exchang rate预期：Expectations开支：Expenses出口：Exports债券的票面价值：Face value of a bond美联储：Federal Reserve法定货币：Fiat money固定费用：Fixed costs流量：Flow variable上市：Going public累进所得税：Graduated income tax毛利：Gross profit通货膨胀：Inflation首次公开募股：Initial public offering制度：Institution利息：Interest利率风险：Interest rate risk干预主义：Interventionism投资：Investment发行债券：Issuing debt发行股票：issuing stock凯恩斯主义经济学：Keynesian economics 劳动力：Labor需求定理：law of demand供给定理：law of supply宏观经济：macro-economics货币通胀：Monetary Inflation货币利润：Monetary profit货币亏损：Monetary loss按揭:Mortgage国债：National debt净利润：Net profit偏好：Preferences最高限价：Price ceiling价格管制：Price controls最低限价：Price floor价格通胀：Price Inflation价格支持：price support私有财产权：Private property。

时事政治术语词汇中英文对照civil partnership：民事伴侣关系witness：证人deploy：部署hard line：强硬路线lash out：严厉斥责clinical trial：临床试验abstention：弃权stoppage：中止；中断vaccinate：接种疫苗detonate：引爆；爆炸mascot：吉祥物cull：扑杀field work：实地考察riot：骚乱；暴动derail：脱轨；出轨stampede：蜂拥；踩踏stamp out：扑灭runoff：决定性竞选adjournment：延期；休会trilogy：三部曲touch down：着陆；落地Low profile：低调的形象cold front：冷锋blast off：发射；升空launch pad：发射台relief：救济；救济品aftershock：余震mire：陷入困境mastermind：策划felony：重罪hearing：听证会bear down on：逼近power-for-money deal：权钱交易exit poll：投票后民调standoff：僵局theme park：主题公园hunt down：追捕直至抓获tenure：任期bustling：熙熙攘攘的overshadow：投上阴影hands-on：亲自参与deplore：深表遗憾hordes of：成群的death toll：死亡人数sexual harassment：性骚扰constitution：宪法deliberate on：审议martyr：烈士；殉难者military exercises：军事演习clamp down on：施压于；压制Fatality：死亡；宿命Cruise missile：巡航导弹Whopping：巨大的Reconnaissance：侦察，踏勘Touch down：着陆，降落Smother：使熄灭，使窒息Haze：薄雾Remand：还押，押候Submarine：潜艇Sticking point：症结Protracted：延长的Bloodthirsty：残忍的Amphibious assault vehicle：水陆两用装甲车Surveillance：监视，监督Recess：休会；暂时中断Jetliner：喷气式客机Downpour：倾盆大雨Half brother：异父或异母兄弟Desolate：荒凉的，无人烟的Compare notes：交换意见Drought：旱灾；干旱季节Erode：腐蚀；使减少、减弱Defending champion：卫冕冠军Hunger strike：绝食抗议Disaffected：不忠的，不满的Seal off：封锁，阻隔Strand：使陷于困境Tribunal：特等法庭Sabotage：蓄意破坏Devout：虔敬的，诚恳的Operation：军事行动Shucks：歉意，失望Hand out：分发，施舍Rear-end：追尾Shed light on：使某事清楚Overrun：蹂躏，侵占Barbed：有刺的Margin of error：误差幅度Disarmament：裁军，解除武装Head for：动身，前往Double-decker：双层巴士Outskirts：市郊，郊外Edge out：微微胜过Anonymity：匿名，无名Blistering：酷热的Envoy：外交使节，特使Launch window：发射时限Upbeat：乐观的，愉快的Disrespectful：失礼的，无礼的Aggression：侵略；挑衅美国政治术语全记录之英汉对照(A-G)academic freedom：(学术自由) affirmative action:(弱族辅助行动) AFL-CIO：Abbreviation for the American Federation of Labor–Congress of Industrial Organizations, (美国联邦工会)Alaskan pipeline：(阿拉斯加石油运输管道)alderman：(AWL-duhr-muhn) A member of a city council. 市政代表American Civil Liberties Union：美国民权自由同盟.American Dream：美国梦American Legion：美国老兵会antitrust legislation：反托拉斯立法apportionment：议会席位分配appropriation：拨款arbitration：仲裁Atomic Energy Commission：原子能委员会attorney general of the United States：美国司法部长block grant: 一种联邦对各州的拨款blue laws:蓝色法令,通常是限制酒吧及酒类在星期天营业或销售的法令. branches of government:政府各部门broad construction:广义解释(指对宪法) busing:公车接送学生.(反种族歧视的手段之一)cabinet:内阁, 包括14个联邦政府部长campaign finance reform:竞选资助改革capital offense:死罪, 包括谋杀和叛国罪等可能被判死刑的犯罪capital punishment:死刑Capitol Hill:国会山caucus:(KAW-kuhs) 美国的党代会Central Intelligence Agency:中央情报局checks and balances:(权力)制衡civil liberties:民事自由civil rights:民事权利clear and present danger:显而易见的危险(一种限制言论自由的标准.) closed primary:闭锁式初选，排他性预选cloture:(KLOH-chuhr) 以表决结束辩论coattail effect:裙带关系影响commander in chief:全军统帅(指战争状态的总统)confirmation hearings:确认听证Congress:国会Congressional Record:国会记录. conscientious objector:拒服兵役者Constitution, United States:美国宪法. containment, policy of:牵制外交政策contempt of Congress:藐视国会contempt of court:藐视法庭court of appeals:上诉法院cruel and unusual punishment:异常酷刑dark horse:黑马de facto segregation:种族隔离defendant:The party that is being sued in court. (Compare plaintiff.)Democrat:民主党员.Department of Agriculture:农业部Department of Commerce:商业部Department of Defense:国防部, 总部设在Pentagon.(五角大楼) Department of Education:教育部Department of Energy:能源部Department of Health and Human Services:健康及公共事业部Department of Housing and Urban Development:住宅及城市发展部Department of Justice:司法部Department of Labor:劳动部Department of State:国务院,(与中国不同,该相当于外交部,首脑叫国务卿(secretary of state.)Department of the Interior:内务部Department of the Treasury:财政部Department of Transportation:交通部Department of Veterans Affairs:退役军人事务部direct primary:一种选举程序,中国无对应的名词,遂附英语原注释An election in which voters choose candidates to run on a party’s ticket in a subsequent election for public office. district attorney:地区检控官(律师) dollar diplomacy:美元外交domino theory:多米诺理论(指对一个主要的共产党国家失去控制将导致区域性共产主义运动.donkey:驴,民主党的徽记double jeopardy:双重处罚,指在统一管辖范围对统一犯罪审判两次.该属宪法禁止的.draft:抓壮丁式的征兵draft dodger:逃壮丁者Drug Enforcement Administration:毒品管理署due process of law:正当审判原则, 指公民未经正当合法的司法程序不得被剥夺生命,自由和财产.E pluribus unum:众多中的一个.(拉丁语美国格言,印在美国货币上)Eastern Establishment:东部权势集团Electoral College:选民代表(选民选出的再投票代表们)elephant:象(共和党党徽) entitlements:联邦资助项目(复) Environmental Protection Agency:环保署Equal Employment Opportunity Commission:平等就业机会委员会equal opportunity:机会平等(教育,就业,人权等方面)equal protection of the laws:法律面前人人平等Equal Rights Amendment:平权修正案equal time:指政党代表在电视,电台辩论发言时间均等ex post facto:溯及既往ex post facto law:溯及既往的法律 (为宪法所禁止)executive branch:执行部门farm bloc:国会里的农业集团favorite son:最佳候选人Federal Bureau of Investigation:联邦调查局federalism:联邦制fellow traveler:同党felony:重罪Fifth Amendment:第五修正俺filibuster:为阻挠议事而进行的冗长发言First Amendment:第一修正案Foggy Bottom:雾底(美国国务院的昵称,取自原座落地名)Foreign Relations Committee:对外关系委员会Foreign Service:住外事务处,(外交使团的总称)Fourteenth Amendment:十四修正案. franchise:政治上指投票权freedom of assembly:集会自由freedom of association:结社自由freedom of religion:宗教自由. freedom of speech:言论自由. freedom of the press:新闻自由friend of the court:指法庭顾问gay rights:同性恋权利.gender gap:性别隔阂.指男女之间日见明显的投票倾向的差异gerrymander:指执政党为保持选举优势采取的重划选区以削弱反对党选民范围的方法.Good Neighbor policy:罗斯福对拉丁美洲的好邻居政策GOP:Abbreviation of Grand Old Party, 大老党,共和党的别称grand jury:大陪审团guilt by association:连坐gunboat diplomacy:炮舰外交habeas corpus:人身保护hawks and doves:鹰派与鸽派hearsay:传闻homicide:他杀(有合法非法之分) House of Representatives:众议院hung jury:未作出裁决的陪审团政治用语英汉翻译马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、江泽民“三个代表”重要思想Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin “Three Represent’s”important Thought新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure 社会主义制度socialist system社会变革social transformation建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program of our Party in theprimary stage of socialism改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China马克思主义政党Marxist political Party 党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first (second\third)generation人民民主专政the people’s democratic dictatorship国民经济体系national economic system综合国力aggregate national strength 国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP)独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace 马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China加强和改进党的建设，不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。

常用政治术语的英文翻译马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、江泽民"三个代表"重要思想Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin "Three Represent's" important Thought新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure社会主义制度socialist system社会变革social transformation建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China马克思主义政党Marxist political Party党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first (second\third)generation人民民主专政the people's democratic dictatorship国民经济体系national economic system综合国力aggregate national strength国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP)独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China加强和改进党的建设，不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality.“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。