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特殊句式1.特殊句式包括：①强调句①倒装句①省略句①祈使句①感叹句①附加疑问句2．高考考查热点：①强调句中的it和that①特殊句式中的there be①一些常用的固定表达结构高频考点突破考点1倒装句一、完全倒装完全倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。
此结构通常只用于一般现在时或一般过去时。
二、部分倒装部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分，如助动词或情态动词，置于主语之前。
如果句中的谓语部分不含有助动词或情态动词时，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
将下列句子变为倒装句①She didn’t have supper until her mother returned.→Not until her mother returned ．①I hardly think it possible to finish the job before dark.→Hardly ．①He learned the sad news only after the war.→Only after the war ．①He speaks English so clearly that he can always make himself understood.→So clearly ．【答案】1.did she have supper2.do I think it possible to finish the job before dark3.did he learn the sad news4.does he speak English that he can always make himself understood考点2强调句强调句型的基本结构单句语法填空/补全句子①It was when I got back to my apartment I first came across my new neighbors.①It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house __we saw Lily in the passenger seat.① the noise of the street stopped.直到午夜，街上的嘈杂声才停止。
会考复习——倒装句、强调句、省略句I 倒装英语最基本的词序“主语部分+谓语部分”通常⼗分固定。
如果把谓语动词放在主语前⾯，这就叫做倒装。
将谓语动词完全移⾄主语之前，称为完全倒装；如果只是把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，称为部分倒装。
⼀、全部倒装1．以here， there， now，then开头的句⼦,谓语动词要放在句⼦的主语之前。
这种句⼦中的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。
如：Here comes the train！There goes the bell！注意：如果句⼦的主语是⼈称代词，则不能使⽤倒装结构。
如：Here it comes！／There it goes！2．有些动词短语以副词out，in，up，down，away等结尾，构成不及物动词短语。
这时，为了使句⼦更形象，常将这些副词提前到句⾸。
这时，句中的谓语动词要放在句⼦主语的前⾯，构成全部倒装。
（注意，这时句⼦的主语也必须是名词。
如果是⼈称代词，也不能使⽤倒装结构。
）如：Up went the rocket．Up it went．3．为了强调表⽰地点的介词短语，常将这个介词短语放在句⾸，构成全部倒装。
注意，这时句⼦的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。
如：In the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker．4．表语置于句⾸，且主语较长或结构较复杂的句⼦要⽤全部倒装。
如：Gone are the days when we had nothing to eat．5. There be 句型在There+助动词/情态动词+be+主语+地点/时间的句型中，主语在谓语be动词后⾯，因此这是倒装。
There is a mobile phone and some books on the desk. 桌上有⼀个⼿机和⼀些书。
There are thousands of people gathering on the square. ⼴场上聚集着成千上万的⼈。
2013届英语科5年高考3年模拟[浙江专版]专题13 特殊句式【备考策略】1．强调句型：句型结构形式：It is／was…that／who…be的时态：that／who前面be的时态一般是一般现在时，当它后面的句子为过去时时，才用过去时。
判断方法：将(It is／was)．．．(that／who)…括号中的词同时去掉，看剩下的部分是否仍然成立。
若成立，则是强调句型；若不成立，则为状语从句、定语从句或主语从句。
2．反意疑问句：形式：句子+简短的疑问(1)前面若有多个句子并列，则以最后一个句子为准；若前面部分为主从复合句，一般说来，以主句为准；但若宾语主从复合句的主句谓语动词是think，believe，suppose，feel，imagine，consider，guess等，主语又是第一人称且为一般现在时、谓语又没有任何副词修饰时，简短疑问部分的动词、时态、人称则以从句为准，而肯、否定形式依主句而定。
(2)前面句子含有must，can’t，may等表推测的词时，疑问部分则依据句子的时态及时间状语而定。
(3)句子是Let’s．．．时，后面用shall／shan’t we；前面部分是Let us…祈使句时，后面用will／won’t you。
(4)前面句子是I’m…时，后面用aren’t l；句子是I’m not…时，后面用 am I。
(5)前面是感叹句时，后面跟感叹句的主、谓一致，但用否定形式。
(6)当主语是anyone／anybody／everyone／everybody时，疑问部分用复数形式。
否定、肯定形式：(1)一般说来，前后两部分的否定、肯定形式相反；但当句子前有0h，Ah，so等语气词时，前后两部分的否定、肯定形式相同。
(2)前面部分有否定词或半否定词时，后面部分用肯定形式；但若前面部分含有由否定词缀构成的否定词时，后面部分还是用否定形式。
3．祈使句：祈使句的主语是you，但一般被省略；当前面有呼语时，一般得补出主语you；否定式一般是在前面加Don’t。
强调句、倒装、省略、替代、it用法热点、考点强调句型、倒装、省略、替代、it的语法【要点点拨】1 强调句型高考命题导向：“It is/was…who/that…”强调句型是重要的句型之一，是高考考查的重点之一。
此句型可强调主语、宾语、状语。
如果强调谓语时，用do/does/did+动词原形。
高考通常考查强调句与几个易混句型连词的使用和强调句的问句。
（强调句型注意事项见下表）【要点点拨】2 倒装英语最基本的语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。
但有时为了强调或平衡句子结构，英语中常用倒装。
倒装句通常有两种基本形式：完全倒装和部分倒装。
将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装；只将助动词，be动词或情态动词放到主语之前称为部分倒装。
一．部分倒装助动词或情态动词提至主语之前，谓语动词位置不变，即为部分倒装，如：Neither could he see through your plan.So little did I know about him that I was easily taken in by his words.Doesn't her invitation appeal to you1. 否定副词位于句首时的倒装在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装：I shall never forgive him._______________________我永远不会宽恕他。
He seldom goes out for dinner._______________________ ____他很少出去吃饭。
She hardly has time to listen to music.__________________________________. 她几乎没时间听音乐。
考点剖析常见的特殊句式有倒装句、强调句、省略句。
这些特殊句式在考试中出现频率很高，且考查时会结合其它的知识点进行综合考查，从而增加了考查的难度。
这就需要学生掌握各类特殊句的功能以及用法。
下面结合近几年的考题进行分析，旨在帮助学生更加高效地掌握特殊句式的运用方法。
一、强调句考点分析强调句是为了表达说话者的感情色彩，着重强调的成分。
被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语、状语等。
强调的成分不同，则表达的意思重点亦不同。
学生可通过掌握不同的句式结构，分析强调句强调的成分，选用准确的引导词。
如，2021年山西大同学情调研第65题：It is through responsibility,self-regulation and collective dis-cipline____Parisians will help health workers in their fight against the epidemic(流行病).解析：句子结构为“It is＋被强调的部分（self-reg⁃ulation and collective discipline）＋that/who＋其他部分”，被强调的部分是方式状语，则空处需用that。
句子大意：正是通过责任、自律、集体纪律，巴黎人能帮助卫生工作者抗击疫情。
2020年黑龙江大庆实验中学开学考试第65题：It’s in this magical world_____Miguel gets to discov-er the truth about his great-great-grandpa.解析：根据句子结构推知是强调句型，强调的是空前的in this magical world（地点状语），则空处需填that。
2019年上海卷第27题：...it is on the same beach...____the females lay...解析：通过分析，可知是强调句，即去掉“It is/It was”和that之后，不影响句子结构和意义的完整性。
倒装句和省略句重难点分析一、倒装句倒装句主要考查以下几个方面：◆含有否定意味的词置于句首，用部分倒装；◆“only+状语/状语从句”置于句首，用部分倒装；◆so/such…that句型中，“so+形容词/副词”提前，用部分倒装；◆表示方位的副词或介词短语放在句首，要用完全倒装。
1. 倒装句用法一览表：2. 特别提示(1) there be结构的倒装句型中，除了be动词之外，there后还可接lie, live, seemto be等。
如：There lived an old man in the village long long ago. 很久很久以前，村子里住着一位老人。
(2) here, there, now, then, up, down, away, out等副词位于句首，主语为代词时不到装。
如：Away it flew. 它飞走了。
(3) 直接引语的一部分或全部位于句首，主句倒装，主句倒装，但是主语为代词时不倒装。
如：“You have to finish it tonight,” she said. “今晚你必须完成它，”她说。
(4) so位于句首不倒装的情况：① 主语与前句相同，表赞同，译为“确实如此”。
如：— Mike studies hard. 迈克学习很刻苦。
— So he does. 确实是。
② 表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事，前句如果列举了两种事实以上，用“so it is/was with sb./sth.”回答。
如：— Tom is kind and often helps those in trouble. 汤姆很友好，经常帮助处于困境中的人。
— So it is with his father. 他父亲也是。
(5) 使用as/though进行倒装时注意：①句首有名词，名词不能带任何冠词。
如：Child as he is, he can tell right from wrong. 尽管他是个孩子，却能够明辨是非。
专题十三强调句，省略句，倒装句1.强调句(1) 强调人时可用who，强调其他任何部分都用that。
所强调的可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子，但结构必须完整。
被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语，但不能是定语或谓语。
It is not only blind men who make such stupid mistakes.不仅是盲人才会犯这种愚蠢的错误。
It is American movies that he likes to watch.他喜欢看的是美国电影。
(2) 强调句型的一般疑问句只需把is/was提前。
Was it in 1933 that the Second World War broke out?第二次世界大战是在1933年爆发的吗?Is it American films that he likes to watch most?他最喜欢看的是美国电影吗？(3) 强调句型的特殊疑问句结构是“疑问词+ is/was+it+that从句”。
Why is it that smoking is not allowed here?为什么不允许在这儿抽烟?(4) 原因状语从句中只有because引导的从句可以被强调。
It was because her mother was ill that she didn’t come to school yesterday.是因为她妈妈病了她昨天才没来上学的。
(5) 在not ...until ...结构中，对until引导的短语或从句进行强调时，需用It isn‘t/wasn’t until ...that ...这一固定句型。
that从句中谓语动词用肯定形式。
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized she was a famous film star.直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她是一位著名的影星。
注意：It is/was ...that ...结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do，did或does+动词原形，且只限于祈使句和肯定的陈述句。
Do be careful when crossing the street. 过马路时一定要当心。
Mike does enjoy playing football. 迈克确实喜欢踢足球。
2.省略句(1) 在when, while, whenever, till, as soon as, if，unless，as if，though，as等引导的状语从句中，若从句中的谓语有be动词，而从句的主语又与主句主语相同或主语是it 时，从句的主语和be常被省略。
Unless (I am) invited, I won t go to the party.如果没被邀请，我是不会去参加那个聚会的。
When (you are) working，you must pay attention.工作时，你必须全神贯注。
2) 在as，than，however，whatever，no matter what等引导的从句中常省略某些成分。
I must get it done whatever the cost (may be).无论代价多大，我都要把这件事情办好。
I can only do it the way as was told to(do it that way).我只能按照吩咐去做。
(3)虚拟条件句常省略if，将were，had，should提前构成倒装。
Should there be a flood(=If there should be a flood)，what should we do?如果发洪水，我们该怎么办?(4)有些状语从句置于句末，可以作句尾省略，有时也可以省略整个从句。
John will go there if my brother will(go). 如果我哥哥去那儿，约翰也去。
I would have come yesterday (If I had wanted to). 我昨天本来可以来的。
3.倒装句(1) 表示否定意义或半否定意义的词置于句首时，常用部分倒装。
常见的词有:seldom，never，hardly，no，not，little等。
Little did he know that the police were around.他一点儿也不知道警察就在旁边。
Never before has our country been as united as it is. 现在我们的国家空前团结。
(2) 由only，not until引导的状语置于句首时,常用部分倒装。
Only by working hard can we succeed.只有努力工作,我们才能取得成功。
(3) no sooner ...than，hardly ...when等结构中，no sooner和hardly置于句首时，主句用倒装形式。
No sooner had he arrived home, he began to prepare the supper.他一到家就开始准备晚饭。
Hardly had he entered the room, it began to rain.他一进屋就开始下雨了。
(4) 在so/such ...that引导的结果状语从句中，so或such引导的部分置于句首时主句用倒装。
So shallow is the lake that no fish can live in it.湖水那么浅，以致于没有鱼能在里面生存。
Such a good boy is he that we all love him.他是那么好的一个孩子，我们都喜欢他。
另外，“so/neither/nor+be/助动词/情态动词+主语”so与前面的肯定句呼应，neither/nor 与前面的否定句呼应。
其中动词的形式取决于前一句的动词。
表示前者的情况也（不）适用于后者或一者(不)具备两种情况。
After that we never saw her again，nor did we hear from her.从那以后我们再也没见过她，也没有收到过她的信件。
Isaw the film last week.So did she.上周我看了这部电影，她也看了。
(5) 省略if的虚拟条件句以had/were/should开头引起的倒装。
Were she my friend, I would ask her for help.如果她是我的朋友，我就会请她帮忙。
1. —What has Tom been doing recently?—I don’t know，care.A. nor I doB. nor do IC. neither amD. neither I am2. —How about going to a concert this weekend?—————? It’s a few months since I enjoyed myself in the last one.A. WhyB. Why notC. What forD. What3. —Will you go to Mary’s we dding next Sunday?—No, I won’t -___- I’m invited toA. ifB. SinceC. even thoughD. although4. Just in the centre of our city______- with a history of 1000 years.A.stands a tall treeB.does a tall tree standC.a tall tree is standingD.a tall tree stands5. In Switzerland, six miles west of Geneva_______ a collection of laboratory buildings.A.lieB.are lyingC.liesys6. —Where was it______ the earthquake broke out yesterday?—In an Italian city.） A.where B.which C.how D.that7. Under no circumstances_________ to the teacher.A.is this the first time he has liedB.this is the first time he has liedC.is this the first time has he liedD.this is the first time he is lying8. He is rather difficult to make friends with, but his friendship，is more true than any other.A.once gainedB.when to gainC.after gainingD.while gaining9. —I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.—Is that______you had a few days off? A. how B. when C. what D. where10. —______that he managed to get the information?—Oh, a friend of his helped him.A. Where was itB. What was itC. How was itD. Why was it11. If_______ , ice can be turned into water.A. to heatB. heatingC. heatsD. heated12. It is exactly we behave has changed the world.A. which; thatB. how; thatC. how; whatD. what; that13. Unsatisfied_____ with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience.A. though was heB. though he wasC. he was thoughD. was he though14. —Is there a hospital here?—No, but there ------A. would B. used toC. used to be D. ought to15. It was_____ he came back from Africa that year______ he met the girl he would like to marry.A. when; thenB. not; untilC. not until; thatD. only; when16. —So you have met Maria?—Yes, it was last week we attended Jack’s party.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. why17. Through a telescope_______ the surface of the Mars when it comes nearer to the earth.A. can one observeB. one can observeC. can observe oneD. observe one can18. According to the law, it is____ get your license.A. no t until you’re eighteen can youB. until you’re eighteen that you can’tC. not until you’re eighteen that you canD. until you’re eighteen when you can’t19. Only under special circumstances_______to take make-up tests.A. are freshmen permittedB. permitted are freshmenC. freshmen are permittedD. are permitted freshmen?20. —How was the weather then?—Hardly_______ off the plane，when it started to rain.A.I had steppedB.had I steppedC.I steppedD.did I step21._______- by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies.A. OnlyB. JustC. StillD. Yet22. When first_____- to the market, the computer software was not a success due to its complexityin operation. A. introducing B. being introduced C. introduced D. to be introduced23. Though______ to go to bed many times, the little boy just turned a deaf ear and fixed his eyes on the cartoons. A. urging B. being urged C. urged D. having urged24. Can you explain____-- most deserts are located near the west coast of the continents? A. why is it that B. why it is that C. how it is that D. how is it that25. The girl is going to study abroad next month and____-- when he was young.A. so her father wasB. so her father didC. so was her fatherD. so did her father动词主要时态1、一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。
