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国际贸易术语（一）FOB （Free On Board ） 装运港船上交货卖方在指定装运港货物越过船舷时完成交货，买方从该时刻起承担一切费用和货物灭失或损坏的风险，卖方办理出口清关，只适用海运和内河运输。
货物越过船舷就完成了交付，也就是说当货物从码头被吊车拎起来越过了船舷，卖方就完成了自己的义务。
也就是说，这个时候，货物越过了船舷，货物发生的损失，都由买方来承担，与卖方无关。
卖方义务：1.卖方在合同规定的时间和期限内在指定装运港依照港口惯例，将符合合同规定的货物，交至买方指定的船上，并给予买方充分的通知。
2.卖方自行承担风险和费用，取得出口许可证和其他官方核准文件，并办理货物出口所需一切海关手续，并支付所需费用。
术语 术语译名 后随地点 交货地点 运输方式 风险转移界限 E 组（发货术语） EXW 工厂交货 指定地点 卖方所在地 各种（包括多式联运） 买方处置货物后 F 组（主运费未付术语） （装运合同）FCA货交承运人 指定地点出口国内地、港口 各种（包括多式联运） 承运人处置货物后 FAS装运港船边交货 指定装运港装运港海运和内河运输 货交船边后FOB 装运港船上交货 指定装运港 装运港 海运和内河运输 货物越过船舷 C 组（主运费已付术语） （装运合同）CFR成本加运费 指定目的港 装运港 海运和内河运输 货物越过船舷CIF 成本加保险费加运费 指定目的港 装运港 海运和内河运输 货物越过船舷 CPT 运费付至 指定目的地 出口国内地、港口 各种（包括多式联运） 承运人处置货物后 CIP 运费、保险费付至 指定目的地出口国内地、港口 各种（包括多式联运） 承运人处置货物后 D 组（到达术语）DAF 边境交货 指定地点两国过境指定地点各种（包括多式联运） 买方处置货物后 DES目的港船上交货指定目的港目的港口海运和内河运输及多式联运 卖方在船上交货后DEQ目的港码头交货指定目的港目的港口海运和内河运输及多式联运卖方在码头交货后 DDU 未完税交货 指定目的地 进口国内 各种（包括多式联运） 买方处置货物后 DDP完税交货指定目的地进口国内各种（包括多式联运）买方处置货物后3.卖方负担货物在指定装运港越过船舷为止的一切费用和货物灭失的风险和损失。
国际贸易术语比较图外贸术语中英文一览外贸术语一览表-------------------国际贸易----------------------出口信贷 export credit出口津贴 export subsidy商品倾销 dumping外汇倾销 exchange dumping 优惠关税 special preferences保税仓库 bonded warehouse贸易顺差 favorable balance of trade贸易逆差 unfavorable balance of trade进口配额制 import quotas自由贸易区 free trade zone对外贸易值 value of foreign trade国际贸易值 value of international trade普遍优惠制 generalized system of preferences-GSP最惠国待遇 most-favored nation treatment-MFNT-------------------价格条件----------------------价格术语trade term (price term) 运费freight单价 price 码头费wharfage总值 total value 卸货费landing charges金额 amount 关税customs duty净价 net price 印花税stamp duty含佣价price including commission 港口税portdues回佣return commission 装运港portof shipment折扣discount,allowance 卸货港port of discharge批发价 wholesale price 目的港portof destination零售价 retail price 进口许口证inportlicence现货价格spot price 出口许口证exportlicence期货价格forward price现行价格（时价）current price prevailingprice国际市场价格 world (International)Marketprice离岸价（船上交货价）FOB-free on board成本加运费价（离岸加运费价） C&F-cost and freight到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价）CIF-cost,insurance and freight--------------------交货条件----------------------交货delivery 轮船steamship(缩写S.S)装运、装船shipment 租船charter (the chartered shep) 交货时间 time of delivery 定程租船voyage charter; 装运期限time of shipment 定期租船time charter托运人（一般指出口商）shipper,consignor收货人consignee班轮regular shipping liner 驳船lighter舱位shipping space 油轮tanker报关clearance of goods 陆运收据cargo receipt提货to take delivery of goods空运提单airway bill 正本提单original B\L选择港（任意港）optional port选港费optional charges选港费由买方负担 optional charges to be borne by the Buyers 或 optional charges for Buyers' account一月份装船 shipment during January 或 January shipment一月底装船 shipment not later than Jan.31st.或shipment on or before Jan.31st.一/二月份装船 shipment during Jan./Feb.或 Jan./Feb. shipment在......(时间）分两批装船 shipment during....in two lots在......(时间）平均分两批装船 shipment during....in two equal lots分三个月装运 in three monthly shipments分三个月，每月平均装运 in three equal monthly shipments立即装运 immediate shipments即期装运 prompt shipments收到信用证后30天内装运 shipments within 30 days after receipt of L/C允许分批装船 partial shipment not allowed partial shipment not permitted partial shipment not unacceptable---------------交易磋商、合同签订-----------------订单 indent 订货；订购 book; booking电复 cable reply 实盘 firm offer递盘 bid; bidding 递实盘 bid firm还盘 counter offer 发盘（发价) offer发实盘 offer firm 询盘（询价） inquiry;enquiry---------------交易磋商、合同签订-----------------指示性价格 price indication速复 reply immediately参考价 reference price习惯做法 usual practice交易磋商 business negotiation不受约束 without engagement业务洽谈 business discussion限**复 subject to reply **限* *复到 subject to reply reaching here **有效期限 time of validity有效至**: valid till **购货合同 purchase contract 销售合同 sales contract 购货确认书 purchase confirmation销售确认书 sales confirmation一般交易条件 general terms and conditions以未售出为准 subject to prior sale需经卖方确认 subject to seller's confirmation需经我方最后确认 subject to our final confirmation ------------------贸易方式------------------------ INT (拍卖auction) 寄售consignment招标invitation of tender投标submission of tender一般代理人agent 总代理人general agent 代理协议agency agreement累计佣金accumulative commission补偿贸易compensation trade（或抵偿贸易）compensating/compensatory trade（又叫：往返贸易） counter trade来料加工processing on giving materials来料装配assembling on provided parts独家经营/专营权exclusive right独家经营/包销/代理协议exclusivity agreement独家代理 sole agency; sole agent; exclusive agency;exclusive agent-------------------品质条件------------------- ----品质 quality 原样 original sample规格 specifications 复样 duplicate sample说明 description 对等样品 countersample标准 standard type 参考样品 reference sample商品目录 catalogue 封样 sealed sample宣传小册 pamphlet 公差 tolerance货号 article No. 花色（搭配） assortment样品 sample 5% 增减 5% plus or minus代表性样品 representative sample大路货（良好平均品质）fair average qualityThe share of foreign trade terminology a checklist International Trade ---------------------- ------------------- Export credit export creditExport subsidies export subsidyCommodity dumping dumpingExchange dumping exchange dumpingSpecial preferential tariff preferencesBonded warehouse bonded warehouseWith favorable balance of tradeUnfavorable balance of trade deficitImport quotas import quotasFTA free trade zoneForeign trade value chains of foreign tradeInternational trade value chains of international tradeGeneralized System of Preferences generalized system of preferences-GSP Most-favored nation treatment-MFNT most-favored------------------- ---------------------- price conditionsTerm trade term prices (price term) freight freightUnit price Pier wharfage feesTotal value of unloading fees landing chargesCustoms duty tariff rate amountWhen the stamp duty net price difference dutyIncluding domestic price price including commission port tax portdues Allowed return commission port of shipment portof shipmentHong Kong port of discharge discharge discounts discount,allowance Wholesale wholesale price is destination Hong Kong portofRetail price retail price of imports Xu mouth cards inportlicenceSpot price spot price of export licence exportlicence Xu mouthForward price futures pricesCurrent price (current) current price prevailingpriceInternational world market prices (International) MarketpriceOffshore prices (on delivery prices) FOB-free on boardCost price plus freight (offshore freight price) and freight C&F-costCIF (cost, freight, insurance prices) and freight CIF-cost,insurance-------------------- ---------------------- delivery conditionsDelivery delivery ships steamship (abbreviated SS)Shipment, loading shipment charter charter (the chartered shep) delivery time of delivery time will be time-charter voyage charter; shipment period of time charter hire regular shipmentShipper (usually exporters) shipper,consignorConsignee consigneeConduct regular liner shipping barge lighterAccommodation tanker tanker shipping spaceLodgement clearance of goods by cargo receipt receiptsWithdrawals to take delivery of goodsAir transportation bills airway bill original bill of lading original B\LChoose Hong Kong (Hong Kong arbitrary) optional portHong Kong charges an optional feeHong Kong fee from the buyer burden optional charges to be borne by the Buyers or optional charges for Buyers' accountJanuary liftings shipment during January or January shipmentLoading shipment not later than the end of January Jan.31st. Or shipment on or before Jan.31st.1 / February shipment shipment during Jan./Feb. Or Jan./Feb. ShipmentIn. . . . . . (time) in two batches loading during shipment. . . . In two lotsIn. . . . . . (time) in two batches average loading during shipment. . . . In two equal portionsThree months in three hours monthly shipments shipmentHours for three months, the average monthly shipment in three equal monthly shipmentsImmediate shipment immediate shipmentsImmediate shipment prompt shipmentsWithin 30 days of receipt of the letter of credit shipment shipments within 30 days after receipt of L/CAllow loading partial shipment not allowed in partial shipment not permitted partial shipment not unacceptable--------------- transactions consultation, contract -----------------Orders indent orders; Ordering book; bookingMar-plate firm commitment of cable chairmanBid; plant there is no matching offer bid firmAlso offers counter offer offer (offer) offerFat is the site offer firm offer (price) inquiry;enquiry--------------- transactions consultations, signed the contract -----------------Indicative price price indicationSpeed of reply immediatelyReference price reference pricePractices usual practiceTransactions between business negotiationUnfettered without engagementBusiness negotiations business discussionSales of the subject to reply ** *** Sales of the subject to reply reaching industrial **Validity time of assignmentEffective to ** : valid till **Purchase contracts designated contract sales contract sales contract Did confirmation purchase confirmationSales confirmation sales confirmationGeneral trading conditions general terms and conditionsTo unsold is subject to prior saleSubject to confirmation by the seller to seller 's confirmationTo be subject to our final confirmation by our final confirmation------------------------ ------------------ tradeINT (auction auction) consignment consignmentTender invitation of tenderSubmission of tender bidsGeneral agent agent general agent who general agentAgency agreement ��Accumulated commission accumulative commissionCountertrade compensation trade(satisfaction or trade) compensating/compensatory trade(called : from trade) counter tradeProcessing of materials processing on giving1403-1424 provided on assembling parts assemblyExclusive / franchise exclusive rightExclusive / underwriting / agency agreement exclusivity agreement Agency; sole agent; exclusive sole exclusive agent agency; Exclusive agent------------------- ----------------------- quality conditions Quality assurance were original sampleSpecifications of the kind of backup sample alterNote description of such samples countersampleStandard reference samples reference sample standard type Catalogues catalogue letters kind packet sizePublicity pamphlets pamphlet official toleranceBuddhist article No. Brightly (mix) assortmentSample size plus or minus 5% or 5%Representative samples representative samplePopular goods of dependable quality (average quality good) fair average qualityCIF贸易术语简介:1、定义：CIF是COST，INSURANCE，AND FREIGHT（…D PROT OF DESTINATION）三个单词的第一个字母大写组成，中文意思为成本加保险费加运费。
为方便广大考生更好的学习、记忆，现将国际贸易术语整理成图表，希望能给大家带来帮助。
名称
交货地点
风险转移
运输
保险
运输方式
EXW工厂交货
卖方工厂
交货时
买方
买方
内陆交货
FCA货交承运人FAS船边交货FOB船上交货
交承运人装港船边装港船上
交货时交货时装港船舷
买方
买方
各种运输海运内河海运内河
CFR成本加运费CIF成本运费保险费CPT运费付至CIP运费保险费付至
装港船上装港船上交承运人交承运人
装港船舷装港船舷交货时交货时
卖方
买方卖方买方卖方
海运内河海运内河各种运输各种运输
DAF边境交货DES目的港船上交货DEQ目的港码头交货DDU未完税交货DDP完税交货
边境指定地点目的港船上目的港码头指定目的地指定目的地
交货时交货时交货时交货时交货时
卖方
卖方
陆上运输海运内河海运内河各种运输各种运输。
组别E 组启动术语共同特征卖方责任最小卖方责任最大术语名称交货地点风险转移运输保险运输方式F 组主运费未付术语买方订立运输合同支付主运费合同属于装运合同C 组主运费已付术语卖方订立运输合同支付主运费合同属于装运合同风险划分与费用划分点分离D 组达到术语卖方将货物运输到目的地承担货物运输到该地的一切风险和费用，合同属于到达合同国际贸易术语比较图表及常见术语EXW（工厂交货）卖方工厂交货时买方买方内陆交货FCA（货交承运人）交承运人交货时各种运输FAS（船边交货）装港船边交货时买方买方海运内河FOB（船上交货）装港船上装港船舷海运内河CFR（成本加运费）装港船上装港船舷买方海运内河CIF（成本运费保险费）CPT（运费付至）装港船上交承运人装港船舷交货时卖方卖方买方海运内河各种运输CIP（运费保险费付至）交承运人交货时卖方各种运输DAF（边境交货）边境指定地点交货时陆上运输DES（目的港船上交货）目的港船上交货时海运内河DEQ（目的港码头交货）目的港码头交货时卖方卖方海运内河DDU（未完税交货）指定目的地交货时各种运输DDP（完税交货）指定目的地交货时各种运输三个常用海运贸易术语的比较（FOB、CIF 、CFR ）：它们的共同点是：1、都只适用于海运和内河航运，不适用于其他的运输方式。
2、交货地点都是在装运港，即卖方是在装运港完成交货。
尤其要注意CIF 术语，是在装运港交货，而不是在目的港。
3、风险转移的界限都一样，都是在装运港货物越过船眩风险由出口方转给进口方。
4、都是象征性交货。
它们的不同点有二：1、双方在运输和保险上的分工不同。
FOB 术语中是进口方负责运输与保险，CIF 是出口方负责运输与保险，CFR 是出口人负责运输，进口人负责保险。
2、货物的价格构成不同。
FO B只是成本价格，CIF 是“货物成本价＋保险费＋运费”价格，CFR 是“货物成本价＋运费”价格。
国际贸易术语的异同点表格国际贸易术语的异同点表格章节一：出口1.1 运输方式出口术语定义应用条件异同点1.EXW（Ex-works）出厂价卖方将货物备妥于卖方指定的地点即可提货，其他一切费用和风险由买方承担。
适用于任何模式的运输方式。
存货费用由内贸一方承担，其他费用由外贸一方承担。
2.FOB（Free on Board）离岸价格卖方将货物交至指定港口，并负责装卸费用，卖方自货物装上船后起，买方负责海上运费、保险和其他费用。
算作卖方的交货。
适用于海运或内河港口运输方式。
卖方需为货物负责装上船的费用。
1.2 费用承担出口术语定义应用条件异同点1.CPT（Carriage Pd To）运费付至……地卖方负责承担运费至指定地点，但不包括保险费。
适用于任何模式的运输方式。
买方需要自行购买货物的运输保险。
2.CIP（Carriage and Insurance Pd To）运费保费付至……地卖方负责承担运费及保险费至指定地点。
适用于任何模式的运输方式。
买方不再需要自行购买货物的运输保险。
章节二：进口2.1 运输方式进口术语定义应用条件异同点1.CIF（Cost, Insurance and Freight）到岸价卖方负责承担货物的成本、保险费和运费至指定港口。
适用于海运或内河港口运输方式。
卖方需要为海上运输购买货物的保险。
2.DAP（Delivered At Place）指定地交货卖方负责将货物交至指定地点，不包含装卸及关税费用。
适用于任何模式的运输方式。
买方需要自己处理货物的装卸以及关税费用。
2.2 费用承担进口术语定义应用条件异同点1.DDP（Delivery Duty Pd）税款付至……地卖方负责将货物交至买方指定地点，并负责支付所需的一切费用和税款。
适用于任何模式的运输方式。
卖方需要为进口货物支付所有的费用和税款。
2.DDU（Delivery Duty Unpd）未付税款交货卖方将货物交至买方指定地点，除了税款之外的费用由卖方承担。
