电气工程及其自动化自动化专业英语重点考试题

专业英语作业（C2S3—P40）alog-DigitalConversionAnMany quantities have continuous values, including temperature, pressure,许多变量都有连续的量值，如温度，压力，displacement, rotation, voltage, current, and intensity of light and sound.位移，旋转角，电压，电流以及光和声音的强度。

The task of quantizing the continuous values into a binary scale is called analog-to-digital conversion (ADC).将连续量化为二进制数字的工作称为模数转换（ADC）Digital-to-analog conversion (DAC) is the inverse process,in which data in discrete values, are converted or restored to a continuously variable form.数模转换是一个相反的过程，它将离散的数据转化或恢复为一个连续可变的形式。

The transducer is the name of the device that produces a voltage or a current proportional to the physical phenomenon to which it responds.传感器是一种装置，它能产生与所反映的实际现象成比例的电压或者电流Analog-to-digital conversion模数转换Only two basic techniques exist for analog-to-digital conversion (ADC).ADC有两种基本方法One is to compare the analog voltage amplitude to a binary voltage scale in which the match yield the binary number that corresponds to the amplitude.一种方法是将模拟电压幅值和二进制电压作比较，在此比较过程中产生与幅值相对应的二进制数。

1.1.1 We consider the flow of electric charges. A unique feature of electric charge or electricity is the fact that it is mobile; that is, it can be transferred from one place to another, where it can be converted to another form of energy.我们认为电荷是流动的。

电荷和电的特点是它具有流动性；即它可以从一个地方转移到另一个地方，在转移的过程中，电荷或电能转变为另一种形式的能量。

1.1.2 The power absorbed or supplied by an element is the product of the voltage across the element and the current through it.一个元件吸收或者发出的功率是元件两端的电压和通过该元件的电流的乘积。

1.2.1 We might observe at this point that the polarity marks on Fig.1-4(b) are redundant since the polarity could be defined by the positions of the longer and shorter lines.大家或许注意到图1-4(b)所标注的极性是多余的。

因为恒压源的极性可以用长线、短线来定义。

1.2.2 It should be noted that an ideal voltage source (dependent or independent) will produce any current required to ensure that the terminal voltage is as stated, whereas an ideal current source will produce the necessary voltage to ensure the stated current flow.应该注意一个理想电压源，(独立和受控)可向电路提供任意电流，以保证其端电压为规定值，而理想电流源，可向电路提供任意电压以保证其规定电流。

1. We note a highly desirable feature of hydropower plants: the speed with which they bestarted up, brought up to speed, connected to the power network, and “loaded” up.This can be done in under 5 minutes, in contrast to many hours in the case of thermal plants.我们注意到水电厂高度可取的特点：速度与它们开始，提出了速度，连接到电力网络，“加载”最多。

这是可以做到在5分钟内，在对比度到许多小时的情况下的热植物。

2. The total cost of operation includes fuel, labor, and maintenance costs, but forsimplicity the only variable costs usually considered are fuel costs.总运营成本包括燃料，劳动力，成本和维护成本，但为了简单起见，通常被认为是唯一的可变成本，燃料成本。

3. Most people can formulate a mental picture of a computer, but computers do so manythings and come in such a variety of shapes and sizes that it might seem difficult to distill their common characteristics into an all-purpose definition.大多数人都可以制定一个精神的图片一台电脑，但电脑做这么多事情，有各种形状和大小，它可能似乎很难提炼他们的共同特点为一个通用的定义..4. For large AC motors and particularly for high-voltage motors, 2300V and above,form-wound coils are used. These coils are constructed from rectangular wire, which is bent into shape around forms and then taped.对于大型交流电机，特别是对高压电机，2300V及以上的，的形式缠绕的线圈的使用。

2024年电气自动化专业高职单招技能考试题库及解答英文版Document Title: 2024 High Vocational College Admission Skill Test Question Bank and Answers for Electrical Automation Major1. IntroductionWelcome to the 2024 High Vocational College Admission Skill Test Question Bank for the Electrical Automation major. This document aims to provide a comprehensive set of questions and answers to help students prepare for the upcoming skill test.2. Electrical Fundamentalsa. Define Ohm's Law and explain how it is used in electrical circuits.b. What are the differences between AC and DC currents?c. Describe the purpose and function of a transformer in an electrical system.3. Automation Technologya. What is PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and how is it used in industrial automation?b. Explain the concept of HMI (Human Machine Interface) and its role in automation systems.c. Discuss the importance of sensors and actuators in automated processes.4. Control Systemsa. Define PID control and explain its significance in control systems.b. Compare open-loop and closed-loop control systems.c. Describe the function of a frequency inverter in controlling the speed of an electric motor.5. Safety Regulationsa. List the safety precautions that should be followed when working with high voltage equipment.b. Explain the importance of proper grounding in electrical installations.c. Discuss the significance of lockout-tagout procedures in ensuring safety in industrial settings.6. Troubleshooting and Maintenancea. Outline the steps involved in troubleshooting a malfunctioning electrical circuit.b. Describe the preventive maintenance practices that can be implemented to ensure the longevity of automation systems.c. Discuss the role of predictive maintenance techniques in reducing downtime and improving system reliability.7. Practical Applicationsa. Provide examples of industries where electrical automation systems are commonly used.b. Describe a real-world automation project and the challenges faced during its implementation.c. Explain how advancements in IoT (Internet of Things) are influencing the field of electrical automation.8. ConclusionIn conclusion, this question bank serves as a valuable resource for students preparing for the 2024 High Vocational College Admission Skill Test in the Electrical Automation major. By familiarizing themselves with the topics covered in this document, students can enhance their knowledge and improve their chances of success in the exam.Good luck with your preparations!。

单词：20分，10个二。

句子翻译： 40分，8题1: P2A common method of analyzing an electrical network is mesh or loop analysis. The fundamentallaw that is applied in this method is Kirchhoff's first law, which states that the algebraic sun of thevoltages around a closed loop is 0 ,or , in any closed loop , the sum of the voltage rises must equal the sum of the voltage drops. Mesh analysis consists of assuming that currents~termed loopcurrents~flow in each loop of a network ,algebraically summing the vo ltage drops around eachloop ,and setting each sum equal to 0.分析电网络的一般方法是网孔分析法或回路分析法。

应用于此方法的基本定律是基尔霍夫第一定律，基尔霍夫第一定律指出：一个闭合回路中的电压代数和为0，换句话说，任一闭合回路中的电压升等于电压降。

网孔分析指的是：假设有一个电流——即所谓的回路电流——流过电路中的每一个回路，求每一个回路电压降的代数和，并令其为零。

2: P17Alternatively, suppose that there had been attached to each pilot’s seat an electronic device that provided an output voltage which is V 1 when the seat is occupied and V2 when the seat is not occupied. Let us attach the designation “true”to the voltage level V2 so that the level V1 is “false”.Let us further construct an electr ic circuit with two sets of input terminals and one set of output terminals. The circuit is to have the property that the output vol tage will be V2 if and only if both inputs, i.e., one input AND s imultaneously the other, are at the level V2. Otherwise the output i s V1Finally let us connect the inputs to the devices on the chairs of pilots A and B and arrange that an alarm bell, connected to the ou tput Z, respond when the output is V2 (“true”)and not otherwise. We have then constructed a circuit which performs the AND operation and is capable of making the logical deduction that the plane is unpiloted when, indeed, both pilots leave the cockpit换句话说，假设每一位飞行员座位下面有一个电子装置，当座位上有人时，其输出电压为V1，当座位上无人时，其输出电压为V2。

电源
power source, power supply
交流电源
AC power source
直流电源
DC power source
不停电电源
uninterrupted power supply(UPS)
强电
strong current
弱电
weak current
继电器
relay
锁闭装置
locking device
遥控
telecontrol
遥信
telesignalisation
遥测
telemetering
遥调
teleregulation
断路器
breaker, circuit breaker
接触器
contactor
励磁调节器
excitation regulator
高压验电器
high-voltage electroscope
备用变压器
standby transformer
公用变压器
common transformer
三相变压器
three-phase transformer
单相变压器
single-phase transformer
高压厂用工作变压器
high-voltage house service operating transformer
常开触点
normally opened contact
常闭触点
normally closed contact
保护接地
protective earthing
熔断器
cutout, fusible cutout
电缆
cable

《大学英语四》复习资料Part I Vocabulary and Structure (每题1分，共20分)Directions: In this section, there are 20 incomplete sentences, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that BEST completes the sentence. Then on the Answer Sheet, write your choice.1.The temperature ____ throughout the day in that part of the country.A. veryB. remainsC. differsD. varies2.The game is full of violence and will certainly have a bad ____ on young players.A. meaningB. painC. lossD. influence3.The warm-hearted elderly lady downstairs is always ____ to help others.A. realB. readyC. practicalD. polite4.The question is ____ difficult in the exam today. Don’t you think so?A. thereforeB. sinceC. ratherD. otherwise5.She used to live in a lovely ____ building near the sea.A. 3-storyB. 3-storiesC. 3-classedD. 3-classes6.There are different ____ of transport in big cities for you to choose when you go out.A. meansB. meanC. meaningsD. meaning7.They did not take a rest until the job was ____ finished.A. straightlyB. speciallyC. completelyD. fairly8.The bookstore owner ____ the old magazines with a new ones to attract more readers.A. requiredB. reviewedC. repeatedD. replaced9.Would you like to buy the book? It is ____ reading.A.worthyB. firmC. furtherD. worth10.She wears sunglasses to ____ her eyes from the sunshine in summer.A. prepareB. produceC. protectD. provide11.We all like her very much for her pleasant ____: kind, gentle and warm-hearted.A. characterB. chanceC. chairmanD. skills12.All the students enjoyed the wonderful ____ by the professor that afternoon.A. discussionB. lectureC. adviceD. solution13.If you have confidence in yourself first, you will not be _______ by others easily.A.wonB. doubledC. defeated.D. delayed14.The little girl developed a strong _______ on her new friends.A. dependenceB. developmentC. independenceD. difference15.The student from the countryside was forced to quit school for ____ of money.A. loveB. lackC. lendingD. look16.Jack came to London for the ____ of seeing his girl friend.A. purposeB. supportC. sideD. sense17.The ____ of the pupils in our class have brown eyes; only three have blue eyes.A. matterB. masterC. majorD. majority18.Have you ____ your childhood dream of becoming a designer?A. metB. realizedC. accompaniedD. filled19.He _______ at me, and then asked me a question.A. startedB. staredC. setD. sent20.I have _______ for my secretary to meet you tomorrow.A. arrangedB. solvedC. offeredD. directedPart II Blank-filling （每题1分，共10分）Directions: In this section, there are ten sentences with blanks. You are required to select one word for each bank from a list of choices given in a word bank. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on the Answer Sheet.21.The company will spend $6 million on sales strategies as well as the _____of new products.22.We all agreed on our basic aims, but when we got down to specific items it became more _____.23. Nowadays,consumers not only demand the high quality of the products but also their ______.24. The movie star was _____ in the act of shoplifting but was released after he left his ID to the supermarket.25. The soldiers______ to run away and the enemy, in pursuing them, were finally trapped .26. As a consequence of being in hospital, Shelly decided to become a _____.27. The village was isolated from the outside for three days ______ the flood.28. After the Second World War, millions of people were _____ homeless; so the government decided to give priority to housing.29. In many shops, shopping bags are _____for the customers' convenience .30. With a ______ love story and two famous stars, the movie has all the elements for a success.Part III Reading Comprehension (每题2分，共40分)Directions: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and write your choice on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneIn the United States, when a person becomes rich, he wants people to know it. And even if he does not become very rich, he wants people to think that he is. That is what “keeping up with the Joneses” is about. It is the story of someone who tried to look as rich as his neighbors.The expression was first used in 1913 by a young American called Arthur Momand. He told this story about himself. He began earning $125 a week at the age of 23. That was a lot of money in those days. He got married and moved with his wife to a very wealthy neighborhood outside New York City. When he saw that rich people rode horses, Momand went horse-riding everyday. When he saw that rich people had servants, Momand and his wife also hired a servant and gave big parties for their new neighbors.It was like a race, but one could never finish this race because one was always trying to keep up. The race ended for Momand and his wife when they could no longer pay for their new way of life. They moved back to an apartment in New York City.Momand looked around him and noticed that many people do things just to keep up with rich lifestyle of their neighbors. He saw the funny side of it and started to write a series of short stories. He called it “Keeping up with the Joneses” because “Jones” is a very common name in the Untie States. “Keep up with the Joneses” came to mean keeping up with the rich lifestyle of the people around you. Momand’s series appeared in different newspapers across the country for over 28 years.People never seem to get tried of keeping up with the Joneses. And there are “Joneses” in every city of the world. Butone must get tired of trying to keep up with the Joneses because no matter what one does, Mr. Jones always seems to be ahead.31. Some people want to keep up with the Joneses because they _____.A. want to be as rich as their neighborsB. want others to know or to think that they are richC. don’t want others to know they are richD. want to be happy32. It can be inferred from the story that rich people like to _____.A. live outside New York CityB. live in New York CityC. live in apartmentsD. have many neighbors33. The underlined word “ neighborhood” in Para.2 means ________.A. a person who lives near anotherB. people living in an areaC. an area near the place referred toD. an area in another town or city34. Arthur Momand used the name “Jones” in his series of short stories because “Jones” is __________.A. an important nameB. a popular name in the United StatesC. his neighbor’s nameD. not a good name35. According to the writer, it is _____ to keep up with the Joneses.A. correctB. interestingC. impossibleD. goodPassage TwoPaper is one of the most important products ever invented by man. Wide spread use of written language would not have been possible without some cheap and practical material to write on. The invention of paper meant that more people could be educated because more books could be printed and distributed. Together with the printing press, paper provided an extremely important way to communicate knowledge.How much paper do you use every year? Probably you cannot answer that question quickly. In 1990 the world’s use of paper was about one kilogram for each person a year. Now some countries use as much as 50 kilograms of paper for each person a year. Countries like the United States, England and Sweden use more paper than other countries.Paper, like many other things that we use today, was first made in China. In Egypt and the West, paper was not very commonly used before the year 1400. The Egyptians wrote on a kind of material made of a water plant. Europeans used parchment for many hundreds of year. Parchment was very strong; it was made from the skin of certain young animals. We have learnt of the most important facts of European history from records that were kept on parchment. (208words)36.What’s the meaning for the word “parchment”?A.The skin of young animalsB.A kind of paper made from the skin of certain young animalsC.The paper used by European countriesD.The paper of Egypt37. Which of the following is not mentioned about the invention of paper?A.More jobs could be provided than beforeB.More people could be educated than beforeC.More books could be printed and distributedD.More ways could be used to exchange knowledge38.When did the Egyptians begin to use paper widely?A.Around 1400B.Around 1900C.Around 400D.Around 90039. Which of the following countries uses more paper for each person a year?A.ChinaB.SwedenC.EgyptD.Japan40.What is the main idea of this short talk?A.More and more paper is being consumed nowadaysB.Paper enables people to receive education more easilyC.The invention of paper is of great significance to manD.Paper contributes a lot to the keeping of historical recordsPassage ThreeThere are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals.Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.41.Our long-term goals mean a lot__.A. if we complete our short-range goalsB . if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsC .if we write down the datesD .if we put forward some plans42.New short-term goals are bulid upon__.A.two yearsB .long-term goalsC .current activitiesD .the goals that have been completed43.When we complete each step of our goals ,__.A.we will win final successB .we are overwhelmedC .we should build up confidence of successD .we should strong desire for setting new goals44.Once our goals are drawn up,__.A.we should stick to them until we complete themB.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesC .we had better wait for the exciting news of successD .we have made great decision45.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ___.A.those who habe long-term goals will succeedB .writing down the dates may discourage youC .the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationD .every should have a goalPassage FourThe economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people.Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, a typical ye ar of the 1950’s, may be typical as illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World War 2. The country’s business spent about 30billion dollars for new factories and machinery.National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day ,or about twenty-five million dollars every hour , all round the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them . Only agriculture complained that it was not sharing in the room. To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mid-1920’s . As farmer’s shre of their products declined , marketing costs rose. But there were , among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority . Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last and would eventually lead to the oppsite-depression.46. What is the best title of the passage?A. The Agriculatural Trends of 1950’sB . The Unemployment Rate of 1950’sC . U.S. Economy in the 50’sD . The Federal Budget of 195247. In Line 4 , the word “boom” could best be replaced by______.A. nearby explosionB . thunderous noiseC . general public supportD . rapid economic growth48. It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the United States in 1955 viewed thenational economy with an air of _________.A. confidenceB . confusionC . disappointmentD . suspicion49. Which of the following were LEAST satisfied with the national economy in the 1950’s?A. EconomistsB . FrmaersC . PoliticiansD . Steelworkers50. The passage states that incom available for spending in the U.S. was greater in 1955 than in 1950 . How muchwas it ?A. 60%B . 50%C . 33%D . 90%Part IV Translation (每题2分，共20分)Section A (每题2分，共10分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.51.The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t worry excessively about a single test.52.From the second floor flat she could see the postman when he came down the street, and the little boy from the ground floor brought up her letters on the rare occasions when anything came.53. Few pastimes bring a family closer together than gathering around and listening to mother or father read a good story54.In our age, people depend more and more on puters to solve various kinds of difficult problems.55. That magazine story, and the person who wrote it, I have never been able to track down.Section B (每题2分，共10分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet56.The company denied that its donations had a . (商业目的)cation is (最看重的传统) in our family. That’s why my parents never took me to dinner at expensive restaurants, but sent me to the best private school.58.Shortly after he recovered from the surgery, he lost his job and thus had to gothrough . (人生的又一个困难阶段)59. (与...相比) our affluent neighbors, my parents are rather poor, but they have always tried to meet minimal needs.60. The curtains of the room are (风格不太协调) the style of the furniture.Part V Writing (共10分)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter. You should write no less than 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1.告诉对方你将参加英语四级考试。

电气工程及其自动化专业英语课后练习题含答案Chapter 1: Introduction to Electrical EngineeringExercise 1.11.What is electrical engineering?2.List some common applications of electrical engineering. some famous electrical engineers.Answers:1.Electrical engineering is a field of engineering that dealswith the study and application of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism.mon applications of electrical engineering include powergeneration, transportation systems, communication systems,lighting systems, and control systems.3.Some famous electrical engineers include Nikola Tesla,Thomas Edison, Michael Faraday, James Clerk Maxwell, and Samuel Morse.Exercise 1.21.What is the difference between DC and AC?2.What is the purpose of a transformer? some common electrical units.Answers:1.DC (direct current) is the flow of electric charge in asingle direction, whereas AC (alternating current) is the flow of electric charge that reverses direction periodically.2.The purpose of a transformer is to transfer electricalenergy from one circuit to another by means of electromagnetic induction.mon electrical units include voltage (volts), current(amps), resistance (ohms), power (watts), capacitance (farads), and inductance (henries).Chapter 2: Circuit AnalysisExercise 2.11.W hat is Kirchhoff’s current law?2.What is Kirchhoff’s voltage law? some common circuit elements.Answers:1.Kirchhoff’s current law states that the total currententering a junction must equal the total current leaving thejunction.2.Kirchhoff’s voltage la w states that the total voltagearound a closed loop must equal zero.mon circuit elements include resistors, capacitors,inductors, diodes, transistors, and operational amplifiers.Exercise 2.21.What is the difference between an open circuit and a shortcircuit?2.What is a series circuit?3.What is a parallel circuit?Answers:1.An open circuit is a circuit that is not complete and doesnot allow the flow of current, whereas a short circuit is acircuit that has a very low resistance and allows the flow ofcurrent to bypass the normal path.2.A series circuit is a circuit in which the components areconnected end to end so that the same current flows through each component.3.A parallel circuit is a circuit in which the components areconnected in parallel so that the voltage across each component is the same and the total current is divided among the components. Chapter 3: ElectromagnetismExercise 3.11.What is an electromagnetic wave?2.What is Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction?3.What is Lenz’s law?Answers:1.An electromagnetic wave is a wave that is composed ofelectric and magnetic fields that are oscillating at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation.2.Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction states that achanging magnetic field induces an electromotive force (EMF) in a conductor that is proportional to the rate of change of themagnetic field.3.Lenz’s law states that the direction of the induced EMF issuch that it opposes the change that produced it.Exercise 3.21.What is a solenoid?2.What is the Lorentz force law?3.What is magnetic hysteresis?Answers:1.A solenoid is a coil of wire that is used to create amagnetic field when an electric current is passed through it.2.The Lorentz force law states that a charged particle that ismoving through a magnetic field experiences a force that isperpendicular to both the direction of motion and the direction of the magnetic field.3.Magnetic hysteresis is the tendency of a magnetic materialto remn magnetized even after the external magnetic field isremoved.ConclusionIn conclusion, electrical engineering is a fascinating field that involves the study and application of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. It is used in many common applications, such as power generation, transportation systems, and communication systems. To besuccessful in this field, it is important to have a good understanding of circuit analysis, electromagnetism, and other key concepts. These exercises should help to reinforce your understanding of the material and prepare you for future challenges in this field.。

四川理工的学弟学妹们，特别是自电学院的兄弟伙们，专业英语难过啊，是否需要这个呢？我的淘宝店铺：信诚悦购包你80分电气自动化、自动化专业英语课堂笔记一．短语互译（10个，每个2分，共20分）1、DC/AC：direct/alternating current.(直流/交流)2、a good rule of thumb.（根据经验）3、step-up/step-down transformer(升压/降压变压器）autotransformer(自耦变压器)4、gate-turn-off thyristor [θai'ristə](门极可关断晶闸管）5、silicon-controlled rectifier(可控硅整流器）6、forward voltage drop(正向压降)7、reverse breakdown voltage(反向击穿电压）8、reverse leakage current（反向漏电流）9、peak reverse voltage（反向峰值电压）10、forced commutation(强制换流）11、three-phase ac squirrel cage induction motor（三相交流鼠笼式感应电机）12、AM/FM :amplitude/frequency modulation(调幅/调频)13、active/passive filter（有源/无源滤波器）14、bistable circuit(双稳电路)15、flip-flop（触发器）16、emf：electromotive [i,lektrəu'məutiv] force(电动势)17、magnetic flux（磁通）18、magnetizing current（磁化电流/励磁电流）19、general-purpose relay（通用继电器）20、solid-state relay(固态继电器)21、time constant（时间常数）22、ADC：analog-to-digital conversion （模数转换器）二、汉译英（5-6个，共30分，2个课外）1、通过互联网进行商业交易，其便利性和速度是推动电子商品快速发展的主要因素。

1、目前，煤仍然就是凝汽式电厂最长用得能源。

At present coal is the most common food of a steam power plant、2、为防止人畜触电，高压电一般采用架空线输送。

High voltage current is usually carried by overhead wire system so as to prevent living things being electrocuted、3、这座由电子计算机控制得核电站将向全市供电。

This nuclear power plant which is computer-controlled will serve the entire city、4、电学与电子学实际上就是唯一难以分开得，二者相互渗透，相互联系。

Electricity and electronics are really indivisible, each forming part of the other、5、元件技术中起主要作用得就是半导体元件。

The major contributors in component technology have been in the sosemiconductor components、6、电压，电流与电阻这三个因素就是相互关联得。

The factors, voltage, current and resistance , are related to each other 、7、电动机与发电机就就是以磁与电这二者之间得关系为基础得Based upon the relationship between magnetism and electricity are motors and generators8，随着电气工程学得发展，电力能被输送到非常遥远得地方去。

With the development of electrical engineering , power can be transmitted over long distance、9每时每刻，能量都在由一种形式变成另一种形式。

第一章⚫Section1习题答案一.Choose the best answer into the blank1.B2.D3.C4.A5.B二.Answer the following questions according to the text1.No. The current need not be a constant-valued function because charge can vary with2.Time.2.The current increases when the time rate of charges is greater.3.The uab=-1V can be interpreted in two ways:①point b is 1 V higher than point a;②the Potential at point a with respect to point b is -1V.4.w=∫pdt5.Because by the passive sign convention,current enters through the positive polarity ofThe voltage,p=ui>0 implies that the element is absorbing power and p=ui<0 impliesThat the element is releasing or supplying power.⚫Section2习题答案一.Choose the best answer into the blank1.B2.A3.B4.C5.B二.Answer the following questions according to the text1.The difference between an independent source and a dependent source is: the source2.Quantity of a dependent source is controlled by another voltage or current,but the source Quantity of an independent source maintains a specified value.3.An ideal independent source is an active element that provides a specified voltage or4.Current that is completely independent of other circuit variables.3.No.The current through an independent voltage source can be calculated by the4.External circuit.4.A voltage-controlled voltage source(VCVS),A current-controlled voltage source (CCVS),A voltage-controlled current source (VCCS), A current-controlled current source (CCCS)5.No,it isn’t.三.Translate the following into Chinese（译文）在随后内容中提及的所有简单电路元件，根据通过它的电流和其两端电压之间的关系进行分类。

河北大学继续教育学院试卷卷别 A 考核方式闭卷年级、专业课程大学英语1（本）姓名学号Part I Use of English （20 points）D irections: In thispart there are 20 incomplete dialogs. For each dialog there are four cho ices marked ABC and D. Choose the O NE answer that best completes the dialogue. 1. —Thank you very much for helping me.—_____________________2.A. That's right.B. Yes，it's right.C. Don't mention it.D. I'd like to.2.—Hello，may I speak to John?—_____________________A. Yes，you may.B. Please don't go away.C. Hold on，please.D. No，I'm John.3 . C a n I speak to Mr. Li?—_____________________A. No，you can't.B. Sorry，but he isn't in at the moment.C. No. I can't find him at the moment.D. Who are you?4. —Many thanks for coming to see me off.—_____________________A. Don't thank me.B. You are so kind.C. Never mind.D. It's a pleasure.5. —Thanks for your present. It's really nice.A－9-1—_____________________A. Yes，I think so.B. Never mind.C. I'd love to.D. I'm glad you like it.6. —Let's go for a flower show. What do you say? —_________A. No，I wouldn't.B. I didn't say anything.C. Yes，I would.D. All right. Let's go.7. —Do you want to have ice cream or just water? —_________A. Come on.B. As you like.C. Yes，both.D. Neither，thank you.8. —Which do you prefer，meat or fish?—_________A.As you like.B. All right.C. Either will do.D. Nothing.9. —Will you be able to come to the party?—_________A. I believe，yes.B. I am afraid not.C… I don't hope so.D. I don't expect.10. —-Would you lend me your pen?—_________A. Yes，give you.A－9-2B. OK， use it.C. Sure，here you are.D. It doesn't matter.Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension （30 points）Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each question there are four choices marked A， B，C and D. Chose the best answer to each question.Passage OneEverybody knows that the favorite food in the United States is the hamburger. It seems impossible，but people eat 34，000，000，000 hamburgers a year. This is enough to make a line of hamburgers around the world four times.The favorite place to buy a hamburger is a fast-food restaurant. In these restaurants，people order their food，wait just a few minutes and carry it to their tables themselves. They can eat it in the restaurant or take the food out and eat it at home，at work，or in a park. At some restaurants people can drive up beside a window. They order the food，and a worker hands it to them through the window. Then they eat in their car.Hamburgers are not the only kind of food that fast-food restaurants serve. Some serve fish，chicken，beef，sandwiches，or Mexican food. They also serve fries （French fried potatoes），shakes （a drink made from milk and ice cream），soft drinks，and coffee. Fast-food restaurants are very popular because the service is fast and the food is inexpensive.For many people，this is more important than the quality of the food. These restaurants are also popular because the food is always the same. People know that if they eat at a company's restaurant in the north or south of the city，the food will be the same，if they eat in New York or San Francisco，it will still be the same.11. According to the passage，what food do Americans like best?A. Beef.B. Sandwiches.C. Hamburger.D. Fries.12. Where can Americans eat a hamburger?A. At home.B. In a park.A－9-3C. In their car.D. At any of the places mentioned above.13.Fast food is .A.deliciousB. unpopularC. inexpensiveD. of high quality14. The last paragraph tells us________.A. fast-food is very popularB. people like to eat in fast-food restaurantsC. why fast-food restaurants are very popularD. you can eat fast-food any where in the US15. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Fast-food restaurants are very popular.B. People in the US eat enough hamburgers to make a line around the world.C. Some people eat fast food in parks.D. People can eat fast food at work or in a park.Passage TwoGoing to court can be frightening，especially if you are a child. You may have to stand up in the witness box，and swear to tell the truth and answer questions in front of a crowd of adults. It would be even more frightening if you were the victim of a crime and you had to sit in the same courtroom as the person accused of attacking you，for instance. So the law in Britain has made it easier for children to act as witnesses. Children are allowed to tell what they know，from another room in the same courthouse，in this way they do not have to face all those people in the courtroom.It works on a closed-circuit （闭路的）television link，which means that the TV only operates inside the court. The child witness sits in a room with a social worker in front of a TV camera. Everyone in the court room can see the child on a TV screen，but the child can only see the judge and the lawyers who will ask him or her questions. The system has been so successful that it will be extended to more courts this year.Another way to make it easy for a child to act a witness is to set up a screen in the court room around the witness box so that the child cannot see the defendant （被告）. Information given by children can be very important to a court trial，butbefore1988 theA－9-4law did not really recognize that children told the truth. It stated that anything a child said in court had to be&nbsp; supported by other evidence in the case.16. A child witness，if he were the victim of the crime，would be frightened most by________. A. all the questions he had to answerB. the crowd of adults he had to faceC. the judge and the lawyersD. the person accused of attacking him17. The most important point of the new system that made things easier for a child witne ss is that____.A. he does not see the defendantB. he speaks in front of a TV cameraC. he is in another room in the same courthouseD. everyone in the courtroom can see the child18.What does the author think of the new system according to the third paragraph?A. Not very good.B. Very successful.C. Just an experiment.D. Hardly acceptable.19, Has the law always recognized the importance of children's information in court?A. No.B. Yes.C. Not until 1988.D. Before 1988，yes.20. The word “case” in the last paragraph means________.A. a particular situationB. a particular incidentC. a trialD. a boxPassage ThreeAlbeit Einstein had a great effect on science and history，greater than only a few other men have achieved. An American university president once commented that Einstein had created a new outlook，a new view of the universe. It may be some time before the average mind understands fully the identity of time and space and so on —butA－9-5even ordinary man understands now that the universe is something larger than ever thought before.By 1914 the young Einstein had gained world fame. He accepted the offer to become a professor at the Prussian Academy of Science in Berlin. He had few duties，little teaching and unlimited opportunities for study，but soon his peace and quiet were broken by the First World War.Einstein hated violence. The misery of war affected him deeply，and he sat unhappily in his office doing little. He lost interest in his research. Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to get back to work.In the years following World War I honors were increasingly given to him. He became the head of the Kaiser Whihem Institute on Theoretical Physics. In 1921 he won the Nobel Prize，and he was honored in Germany until the rise of Nazism when he was driven from Germany because he was a Jew.21. According to the American university president，________.A. everyone understands Einstein's theory todayB. Einstein achieved more than any other scientists in historyC. the theory of relativity can be quickly learned by everyoneD. our ideas about the universe are different today because of Einstein22. According to paragraph two，Albert Einstein________.A. was a famous chemistB. became a professional researcherC. was popularA.D. enjoyed reading about war23. What did Albert Einstein do in the First World War?A. He joined the army.B. He participated in anti-war activities.C. He was unhappy and did little.D. He went to America.24.After World War I，Albert Einstein________.A. was forced to leave the Kaiser Whihem Institute on Theoretical PhysicsB. was acknowledged by scientific community because of his devotionC. was forced to work for the NazisD. was appointed the head of the Kaiser Whihem Institute on Theoretical Physics by the Nazis25. It may be concluded that________.A. Albert Einstein had no other interests than scienceB. Einstein was forced to serve in the German armyA－9-6C. Germans usually have a high respect for scienceD. his reputation was ruined because of his work during World War IPart Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure （20 points）Directions: In this section there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence ther e are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the O N E answer that best completes the sentence.26.—Hi，Mary，you look very tired.—Yeah， I________for a whole week.A. workedB. had workedC. have workedD. have been working27. He gave me________on how to study English well.A. some adviceB. advicesC. an adviceD. the advice28. Hans is________of the three boys.A. the cleverB. the clevererC. cleverestD. the cleverest29.Look________！There's a car coming.A. upB. outC. backD. over30. Mother promised she________me an English-Chinese dictionary as a gift for my birt hday.A. was buyingB. would buyC. boughtD. will buy31. The police are______the two missing children.A－9-7A. looking outB. looking afterC. looking forD. looking back on32. I don't know why she avoids____________ her opinion on the subject.A. to giveB. to be givenC. givingD. being given33.I do not intend______that，because we shall have an opportunity to do so on another occasion.A. followingB. followedC. being followedD. to follow34. The difference between an African elephant and an Asian one is that the former has_ _____ears.A. largerB. the largeC. more largerD. the largest35. He's determined to finish the job______long it takes.A. howeverB. no matterC. whateverD. whereverPartⅣTranslate the following sentences into English，using the words and phrases given in the brackets.（20 points）36..我们公司主要从事电脑软件和网络的开发。

Part I Choose a Chinese Expression in Column B for the word in Column A.(在B 组中结合A组中的单词找一个合适的中文解释) (每题1分，共15分)1．a llow A. 顾客2．o verseas B. 记得，记住3．c ompetition C. 便宜货4．m onth D. 接受5．r emember E. 餐馆，饭店6．i nformation F. 婚礼，结婚7．r estaurant G. 信息8．h elpful H. 目标，目的9．b argain I. 海外的10．textbook J. 机构，组织11．organization K. 教科书12．objective L. 允许13．accept M. 比赛，竞赛14．wedding N. 月份，一个月的时间15．customer O. 有帮助的，有益的Part II Directions: Choose the best answer to complete the sentences (每题1分，共20分)Section A16.Young as she is, Mary is very good at difficult customers.A. handleB. handlingC. handledD. handles17. After explaining his plan in great detail, Bob _______ in main points in a few sentences.A. summarizedB. summarizeC. summarizingD. to summarize18. The doctor insisted that everything would be alright. , I cannot help worrying about the safety of the child.A. InsteadB. AndC. NeverthelessD. While19. After spending a year in Australia, the little girl has gained a good ______ of spoken English.A. dealB. workC. commandD. job20. Though she is nearly 65, Mary does not want to .A. marryB. retireC. workD. sleep21. Einstein once said: “is more important than than knowledge.A. imaginingB. imaginationC.to imagineD. imagination22. The government is taking effective measures to overcome difficulties.A. currentB. corruptC. consentD. content23. The houses in our are very expensive.A. neighborhoodB. neighbourC. neighborsD. nearby24. The result of every accident, however , is a rise in the cost of insurance.A. radicalB. rareC. reluctantD. minor25. He says you are the best candidate.A.by farB. by nowC. by the wayD. by means26. The boat , throwing the boys into the water.A. flow awayB. started awayC. departed forD. turned over27. , the fire was discovered soon after it had started.A. FortunatelyB. GenerallyC. CompletelyD. Absolutely28. all the effort, they did not succeed.A. InsteadB. WithC. In spite ofD. After29. “Is there anything in your personal life which would the party if it becamepublic?”A. disturbB. embarrassC. wakenD. involve30. Parents worry about the harmful ______ of TV violence on their children.A. infectB. affectC. effectD. insect31. I’d like to that students should be allowed more time for independent study.A. proposeB. commandC. arrangeD. steer32. It can be argued, for example, that teaching can be more effectively ifteacher and student taketheir appropriate roles.A. disciplinedB. handledC. accomplishedD. proposed33. A sign at our local church is in wood, with gold lettering, but the isalready fading after three years.A. productB. latterC. laterD. medal34. The river at its mouth where it meets the sea.A. broadensB. extendsC. becomesD. explores35. This new expressway the trip from the city to the capital.A. shortB. shorteningC. to shortenedD. shortenSection B16. Our English teacher takes part in the 800-meter race. Let’s________ him.A. look atB. Cheer forC. come onD. call on17. How many big colleges are there in this city? Let me ________.A. tryB. learnC. doD. count18. What kind of events are you good ________?A. atB. withC. onD. in19. There are two cars here. One is big, and ________ is small.A. anotherB. otherC. an otherD. the other20. He is very ________. He often comes first in shot putting.A. simpleB. strongC. strictD. small21. Look, Lily is on ________ track!A. fiveB. the fiveC. fifthD. the fifth22. Do you often go ________ in the seaA. swimB. swimmingC. swamD. swiming23. May I ask ________ is calling?A. whoB. whomC. sheD. he24. ________ does the plane arrive?A. WhenB. WhatC. WhereD. How25. _____________ will the journey take?A. How oftenB. How muchC. How longD. How about26. Jane has worked there _____________ five hours.A. forB. inC. atD. from27. I received a letter _____________ English.A. inB. toC. fromD. with28. What can I _____________ for you, Madam?A. didB. doneC. doesD. do29.Swimming and painting _____________ two of my special interests.A. areB. isC. wasD. has30. _____________ over the sea can get rather boring after a while.A. FlyB. FlyingC. FliesD. Flied31. Please _____________ me introduce my sister to you.A. giveB. haveC. letD. ask32. You should fill in this application _____________ very carefully.A. passportB. letterC. visaD. form33. _____________ to the Chinese Culture Club. You can learn Beijing opera here.A. ComingB. WelcomeC. Well comeD. Will come34. The monitor takes care _____________ the class.A. ofB. inC. atD. over35. The big tree _____________ a lot of red apples.A. bearsB. wearsC. growsD. takesPart III Reading Comprehension (每题共40 分)Section A Reading and Blank-filling(每题1分，共10分)Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required toselect one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on the Answer Sheet.I like the street market in the city center in this small American town. It often36. _____________ me of the open-air market in my hometown. The market is full of sounds. The music plays 37. _____________, and people are calling to their friends. There are lots of different 38. _____________, too--- fried onions, coffee and fresh bread. All kinds of things are for 39. _____________ there --- food and vegetables, shoes and dresses, CDs and clocks. And there are all kinds of people doing 40. _____________ things --- selling, buying, talking, eating, trying on clothes, and just walking around.I went there with my 41. _____________ friend Bill last Saturday afternoon. We walked through the 42. _____________ slowly, looking at this and that. Suddenly, when we turned a corner, we found the sky 43. _____________ with colored hands: blue, red, pink, yellow, 44._____________ and white. I was so surprised that I stopped short with my mouth open. But I soon smiled and took out my 45. ____________: --- What a wonderful view, with all those beautiful gloves dancing in the sun.Section B Reading in Depth (每题2分，共20分)Directions: There are 3 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and write your choice on the Answer Sheet.第一部分Passage 1Some cities have planned their transportation systems for ear owners. That is what Los Angeles did. Los Angeles decided to build highways for cars rather than spending money on public transportation.This decision was suitable for Los Angeles. The city grew outward instead of upward. Los Angeles never built many tall apartment buildings. Instead, people live in houses with gardens.In Los Angeles, most people drive cars to work. And every car has to have a parking space. So many buildings where people work also have parking tots.Los Angeles also became a city without a Central Business District (CBD). If a city has a CBD, crowds of people rush into it every day to work. If people drive to work, they need lots of road space.So Los Angeles developed several business districts and built homes and other buildings in between the districts. This required more roads and parking spaces.Some people defend this growth pattern. They say Los Angeles is the city of the future.46. According to the passage, Los Angeles is a city where ______.A. there is no public transportation systemB. more money is spent on highways for carsC. more money is spent on public transportation systemsD. public transportation is more developed than in other cities47. "The city grew outward instead of upward" (Line 1, Para. 2) means ______.A. the city became more spread out instead of growing tallerB. there were fewer small houses than tall buildingsC. rapid development took place in the city centerD. many tall buildings could be found in the city48. According to the passage, if a city has several business districts, ______.A. people won't have to drive to work every dayB. there have to be more roads and parking spacesC. companies would be located in between the districtsD. there would be no need to build parking spaces within the districts49. According to the growth pattern of Los Angeles, homes were mainly built ______.A. in the city centerB. along the main roadsC. around business districtsD. within the business districts50. The passage is mainly about ______.A. the construction of parking spaces in Los AngelesB. the new growth pattern of the city of Los AngelesC. the public transportation system in Los AngelesD. the problem of traffic jams iii Los AngelesPassage 2What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is “no”. It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter. You will probably agree, too, that knowing how to investigate, how to discover information, is important to everyone. The scientist, however, goes one step further, he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed by other persons. He also works to fit the answers he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas about how the world works.The scientist’s knowledge must be exact. There is no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different, any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason that investigations are important in science. Albert Einstein, who developed the Theory of Relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics. The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigations, and Einstein’s ideas were shown to be correct. A scientist uses many tools for measurements. Then the measurementsare used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations.51. What makes a scientist according to the passage? ________A. The tools he uses.B. The way he uses his tools.C. His ways of learning.D. The various tools he uses.52. The underlined part in the passage shows_______.A. the importance of informationB. the importance of thinkingC. the difference between scientists and ordinary peopleD. the difference between carpenters and people with other jobs53. A sound scientific theory should be one that _________.A. works not only under one set of conditions at one time, but also under the sameconditions at other timesB. does not allow any changes even under different conditionsC. can be used for many purposesD. leaves no room for improvement54. The author quotes the case of Albert Einstein to illustrate __________.A. that measurements are keys to success in scienceB. that accuracy of mathematicsC. that investigations are important in scienceD. that the mathematical calculations may test his investigations55. What is the main idea of the passage? ________A. The theory of relativity.B. Exactness is the core of science.C. Scientists are different from ordinary people.D. Exactness and ways of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist.第二部分：Passage 1Perhaps you are going to finish school soon and, like many other students, youwant to further your study abroad. Here are some points you should remember if you intend to apply for a scholarship to study in the United States of America.First of all, you will have to ask for an application form, fill in the form with great care, and then send it in with a copy of your school records. After that, you will have to ask your teachers to write some letters of reference. You will also need to take some tests such as TOEFL and GRE. You may apply to several universities at the same time. Overseas students in the States are not allowed to work in their spare time except in the summer.46. This passage is taken from a book for _______.A. professors visiting AmericaB. people who are going to work in AmericaC. American students who are going to graduateD. those who want to study in American universities47. The passage is mainly about how to _____________A. get a jot.B. take TOEFL.C. write a resumeD. apply for a scholarship.48. What is the first step to take in applying to an American university?A. To send school records.B. To write to ask for an application form.C. To provide the TOEFL score report.D. To supply letters of reference.49. What else is needed to be sent with the application form?A. School records.B. TOEFL score reports.C. Reference letters.D. Work permit.50. Which of the following statements is true?A. Overseas students are allowed to work in their spare time in the United States.B. You don’t need reference letters for application.C. Summer is the time when foreign students can work in their spare time.D. You cannot apply to several universities at the same time in the United States. Passage 2As there are so many nationalities in American, people can find almost any kind of restaurants in most of the large cities. The telephone book lists restaurants for each city according to the name, area of the city, or kind of food. Restaurants in large cities vary greatly in price. Many restaurants put up their menus on the window, and you are not sure about how expensive the place is, ask to see a menu before you sit down at a table, or just ask about the price. Appearances from the outside can be misleading--- what looks like a smell, informal restaurant may really be very expensive, and what looks like a large, expensive restaurant may be very reasonable.You can get a meal for about $4 or $5 or a little more if you eat in a snack bar of coffee shop, but in most city restaurants you should expect to pay $8 to $10 a person for dinner, with alcoholic drinks and wine extra. Prices in New York City are even higher.51. Restaurant in each city are listed in the telephone book according to __________.A. area of the cityB. name of the restaurantC. kind of foodD. any of the above52. Where can you see the menus in many restaurants?A. On the tables.B. On the door.C. On the window.D. On the walls53. To let people get some idea of __________, many restaurants have their menuput up on the window.A. the price of the foodB. the area of the cityC. the restaurantD. the kind of service provided54. In most city restaurants, what is the usual dinner price for a person?A. $4 to $6B. $4 to $8C. $6 to $8D. $8 to $1055. What does the passage intend to tell us?A. Prices in New York are very even higher.B. Restaurants in big cities vary greatly in price.C. Appearances of the restaurant from the outside can give you some wrong idea.D. Any kind of restaurants can be found in most of the large cities.Section C skimming and scanning (每题2分，共10分)Directions: Decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage .When you go shopping, there are three points you should remember in order to save money.First, read as many shopping ads as you can. In this way, you’ll have a clear picture of where to buy things at the lowest prices. If you are lucky, you’ll get go od bargains at even lower prices than you expected.Second, collect some coupons which offer discounts. With these coupons, you can save some money.Third, you must remember that prices vary from store to store and from time to time. When you visit open-air markets, flea markets, or yard sales, the prices of some goods are not final. There are always changes that you can get good buys by bargaining or asking for discounts.Remember these points when you go shopping, and you’ll save money.( ) 56. You can bargain over the prices of goods at most open-air markets( ) 57. You can save money by collecting more coupons.( ) 58. Prices may be different in different stores and different times.( ) 59. Shopping ads will help you to buy things at a lower price.( ) 60. The three suggestions given will help you make money.Part IV Translate the following sentences into English (每题3分，共15分)Section A61. 在生活中，我们最愚蠢的行为就是太执着于自己的东西，不愿意放弃。

《电气工程专业英语》试卷一、根据英文单词，写出中文意义（20X0.5=10,共10分）alternator 交流发电机automation 自动控制，自动操作bandwidth 带宽，频带宽度built-in 内置的，固定的，嵌入的capacitance 容量，电容charge 负荷，电荷，费用，充电coil 线圈converter 转换器，变换器diode 二极管impedance 阻抗，全电阻insulator 绝缘体semiconductor 半导体sensor 传感器suppression 抑制switch 开关，电闸threshold 临界值vacuum 真空，空间vector 向量，矢量waveform 波形ammeter 电表二、根据中文意义，写出英文单词（20X0.5=10,共10分）n.近似值,接近,走近Approximationn.能力，性能，容量Capabilityv.补偿,偿还Compensaten.损耗Depletionadj.微分的Differentialn.打扰,干扰Disturbancen.以太网Ethernetn.频率, 周率Frequencyadj.不相容的, 矛盾的n.隔绝, 绝缘adj.瞬间的, 刹那间的Momentaryn.极性Polarityn.转发器,中继器Repeatern.排斥Repusionn.阻力，电阻，阻抗Resistancevt.模拟,模仿Simulaten.晶体管Transistorn.传感器，发送器，传递器n.阀n.波长三、根据英文词组，写出中文意义（30X0.5=15,共15分）between…and在……之间on the other hand 另一方面take advantage of 利用negative charge 负电荷electric field 电场free electron 自由电子current flow 电流sine wave 正弦波Root-Mean-Square 均方根（值）series circuit 串联电路voltage drop 电压降parallel circuit 并联电路compound circuit s复合电路parallel branch 并联分支decimal system 十进制系统programmable controller 可编程控制器truth table 真值表carbon brus 碳刷permanent magnet 永久磁铁armature field 电枢场magnetic lines 磁力线proportional system 比例系统 sampling period 采样周期 analog signal 模拟信号 baud rate 波特 discrete input 开关量输入 limit switch 限位开关 proximity switch 接近开关 industrial bus 工业总线 voltage difference电压差四、根据英文缩写，写出英文完整形式及中文意思（10X2=20,共20分）PLC PPI CNC EIA RF FCCCMOS VLSI CEMF五、根据下列方框中所给的词填空（5X1=5,共5分）Resistance in a material arises from the collision of electrons with the atoms and with each other as they move. The ___ 1、 collisions ___ produce heat, increasing the temperature of the material. Consider the ordinary toaster. Current flows through the ___2、wires ___ of the power cord and through the toaster's filament (the glowing wire you see inside). The same current must flow in the power cord as flows through the filament. The cord has very little ___ 3、resistance ___, while the filament has considerably more. Since the filament has a much higher resistance than the cord, it ___ 4、produces ___ much more heat. That's as it should be. You want the heat for your toast, but you do not want the power cord getting ___ 5、hot ___! The standard incandescent light bulb is another example. The filament inthe light bulb glows white hot (hence, the word "incandescent") to produce light and a lot of heat as well. But, the low-resistance power cord stays cool.六、根据下列短文回答问题,回答请使用英文。

电气英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is not a type of electrical conductor?A. Copper wireB. GlassC. AluminumD. Graphite答案：B2. The unit of electric current is:A. VoltB. AmpereC. OhmD. Watt答案：B3. What is the term used to describe the flow of electric charge?A. VoltageB. CurrentC. ResistanceD. Power答案：B4. In an electrical circuit, what is the term for the total amount of electrical energy used?A. VoltageB. CurrentC. PowerD. Energy答案：D5. What is the basic unit of electrical resistance?A. OhmB. VoltC. AmpereD. Coulomb答案：A6. Which of the following is not a type of electrical energy source?A. Solar panelsB. Wind turbinesC. BatteriesD. Water heaters答案：D7. What is the term for the rate at which electric power is transferred by an electrical circuit?A. VoltageB. CurrentC. PowerD. Resistance答案：C8. The process of converting electrical energy into another form of energy is called:A. ConductionB. ConversionC. GenerationD. Transmission答案：B9. What is the term used to describe the potential difference between two points in an electrical circuit?A. CurrentB. VoltageC. PowerD. Resistance答案：B10. Which of the following is not a type of electricalcircuit component?A. ResistorB. CapacitorC. InductorD. Transformer答案：D二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The electrical device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy is called a ________.答案：motor2. The unit of electrical energy is the ________.答案：kilowatt-hour3. The electrical device that stores electrical energy is called a ________.答案：capacitor4. The electrical device that changes the voltage level in an electrical circuit is called a ________.答案：transformer5. The electrical device that protects the circuit from excessive current is called a ________.答案：fuse6. The process of converting mechanical energy intoelectrical energy is called ________.答案：generation7. The electrical device that allows current to flow in only one direction is called a ________.答案：diode8. The electrical device that changes alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) is called a ________.答案：rectifier9. The electrical device that resists the flow of electric current is called a ________.答案：resistor10. The electrical device that stores electrical energy in a magnetic field is called an ________.答案：inductor三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. Explain the difference between voltage and current in an electrical circuit.答案：Voltage is the potential difference between two points in an electrical circuit, measured in volts (V). It is the force that pushes electric charge through a conductor. Current, on the other hand, is the flow of electric charge, measured in amperes (A). It is the rate at which electric charge passes a given point in the circuit.2. What is the function of a circuit breaker in an electrical system?答案：A circuit breaker is a safety device designed toprotect an electrical circuit from damage caused by excess current. It automatically cuts off the flow of electricity when the current exceeds a safe level, preventing potential hazards such as electrical fires or damage to appliances.3. Describe the role of a generator in an electrical power system.答案：A generator is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. In an electrical power system,generators are used to produce electricity by converting the kinetic energy from rotating turbines into electrical energy. This electricity is then transmitted and distributed to consumers through a network of power lines.。

♦While we appear to prefer the total objectivity of a mathematically formulated method of signal processing, it is now well proven that the AI methods often are better choices to use in terms of better speed of performance and often lower cost of processing.♦当我们似乎更喜欢信号处理数学方法的整体客观性，现在证明，为了得到更好的速度性能和低成本的处理，人工智能方法经常是更好的选择。

♦Often they are the only solution since the algorithmic approach cannot be deployed because of the lack of a suitable mathematical formulation or powerful enough processor to run the algorithm.♦经常当算法因为缺乏适合的数学表达式和足够强大处理器去运行算法而不能展开时，他们是唯一的解决方案。

♦Signal processing in the modern instrument, therefore, will often make use of many different methods. This account is an introduction to the characteristics of the various forms and is written to assist selection. Space limitations prevent presentation of each kind in detail.因此，在现代仪器中的信号处理通常会使用许多不同的方法。