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考纲解读高中英语教学大纲明确规定“侧重提高阅读能力”，这为我们的备考指明了方向。
分析近几年的高考英语试题,我们不难看出，阅读理解是高考试题中难度最大，区分度最高的题型，自始至终占据着主导地位.阅读理解能力属于语言的领会技能,它不仅考查对语篇的整体把握能力，而且考查快速捕捉信息、准确理解特定细节以及复杂句子的能力。
不仅要准确理解文章表层的意思，还要通过表层去推理、判断。
除此之外，还涉及非语言因素，如:对所学语言国家的社会和文化背景知识的掌握、生活常识、逻辑知识和语言修养等。
考情分析纵观近几年各地英语试卷，阅读理解题有如下特点：1．突出语用，体裁多样,题材丰富阅读理解题体裁分布包括记叙文、说明文、应用文和议论文等，涉及的话题新颖广泛,体现了其多样化、现代化和生活化的特点，综合反映了政治、经济、文化和生活的各个方面，具有鲜明的英语语言文化特点，体现了“语言是文化的载体”这一重要理念。
2．信息密集,句子优美，结构复杂阅读理解题每篇都是以简约的语言负载高含量的信息，要求准确迅速地从特定的语篇中有目的地获取信息。
阅读理解文章的句子原汁原味、语言地道、纯正优美，而且篇章结构和句子结构都有一定的难度。
各篇或在时间顺序上，或在空间顺序上，或在逻辑推理上，均使用了较高级的组篇手段。
结构复杂的长句、倒装句、省略句以及插入语等也随处可见。
3．细节为主，推理随后，主旨突出阅读理解题型分布合理，以细节理解题和推理判断题为主，主旨大意题几乎每年都考。
各个题型的分布已逐步成熟且趋于平稳。
阅读理解分为五大题型:主旨大意题、细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题和篇章结构题。
考点1 主旨大意之精确归纳标题真题解密Doctors are known to be terrible pilots.They don't listen because they already know it all。
I was lucky：I became a pilot in 1970，almost ten years before I graduated from medical school.I didn't realize then，but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon.I loved flying。
训练2 说明文(Ⅱ)A(2019·济南模拟)“Helicopter parenting”describes a style of raising children where parents are over－protective and do too much.It describes parents who watch over their kids at home and on the playground like a helicopter.Today，modern technology allows these helicopter parents to watch over from even far away. 1Julie Lythcott wrote a book titled Break Free of the O v erparenting Trap and Prepare Your Kids for Success. In her book，she gives readers a closer look at this parenting style. 2 Julie Lythcott says she experienced the effects of “Helicopter parenting”first－hand when she worked as dean of first year students. 3 But many were unable to take care of themselves.They were turning to parents constantly for guidance，for problem solving，to have them make the choice about something.So what can parents do if they want to break the overparenting “he licopter” cycle? 4◆Stop saying “we”when you mean your son or your daughter.All too often a parent would say “we are on the travel soccer team”．Well，no，your son is or your daughter is.◆Stop arguing with all of the adults in our kids' lives.You need to teach your kids to advocate for themselves.◆Stop doing your kids' homework.◆ 5 Teach them to cross the street，make a meal，and remember to put their own items in their backpacks，which becomes a briefcase one day.When kids have all the skills to take care of themselves，they will be prepared for adulthood.A. Four ways are offered to stop watching over your children.B．She also explains why parents should stop it.C．It's a good idea to encourage your kid to do the things he can by himself.D．They can give their children directions at any moment from anywhere.E．Build your kids' skills.F．The freshmen were very smart and accomplished on paper.G．Your kid is eager for more freedom，but should you give it to him?本文是一篇说明文，介绍了当今社会的一种典型的教育方式——“直升机养育法”，即父母过度保护孩子。
2019届二轮复习阅读理解说明文类型10篇训练之一[一]You can't walk into the office without Rihanna's voice singing “work work work work work work” in your head.And that one line from Lady Gaga's Bad Romance still makes you want to scream.These are commonly known as earworm songs—those sticky tunes that continue to play in your head.A recent study finds that more than 90% of adults report hearing earworm songs on a weekly basis.Fortunately，most people report earworm songs as pleasant.But others find them annoying or even maddening.“Some people are troubled by them to the point that it disturbs life，” says Elizabeth Hellmuth Margulis，a professor at the University of Arkansas who has studied earworm songs.Margulis says earworm songs tend to have some predictable characteristics.For one thing，they tend to small parts of a song—not the whole track.And “the songs you've heard recently also have the most possibility to get stuck in your memory，” she says.But sometimes something strange and unpredictable can also start a track paying in your head.“Once I was at the doctor's office and saw a poster of a man who I thought looked like Gaston—a character from Beauty and the Beast，” Margulis recalls.A couple minutes passed，and she realized she couldn't get Be Our Guest，the song in the movie，out of her head，even though she hadn't thought of the tune in years.In that instance，she was able to identify her earworm's trigger：the Gastonlooking man in the poster.“But the connections can be really unclear，” she says.Margulis points out that，in all of human history，recorded music is a very new phenomenon.She says some have inferred that earworm songs are also new—the unintended consequence of being able to hear the same song played everywhere in the same way over and over again.So far，the convincingexplanation for why human beings experience earworm songs remains a mystery.But there are some wellestablished ways to cast off the earworm songs.“Finding a mentally demanding task and putting your mind on it usually shifts attention away from internal music.People tend to get earworms when performing tasks that don't require their full attention—stuff like doing the dishes，” Margulis says.Chewing gum can also help.When a song is stuck in our heads，it's almost like we're singing along with it.If you make your mouth do something else—chewing gum，eating a meal or talking with a friend—that can kick out the earworm.You could also face your enemy.By listening to the full track that includes the passage stuck in your head，you may find “closure” and relief.28．Which of the following is most likely to be an earworm song?A．A song made up of simple words.B．A song heard frequently these days.C．A song sung by a most famous singer.D．A song learned during one's childhood.29．What does t he underlined word “trigger” in Paragraph 4 mean?A．Type. B．Tune.C．Cause. D．Characteristic.30．We can infer that earworm songs may ．A．result from modern technologyB．be experienced over mealsC．help regain lost memoriesD．hurt one's hearing31．What is mainly talked about in the last three paragraphs?A．Why we hear earworm songs.B．Where to find earworm songs.C．When we hear earworm songs.D．How to get over earworm songs.【语篇解读】耳朵虫歌曲，即歌曲的某个片段不由自主地反复在脑子里出现且不受控制的现象。
2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之二十三[一]OSLO, Norway - It was one of the toughest fights Jorun Lyngstad had experienced during her time as a Norwegian police officer. A wood grouse （猎鸟）, Europe's biggest game bird, attacked Lyngstad during a Wednesday bike ride in the woods, ramming（夯） the off-duty officer from the side and sending her flying through the air, local media reported."I guess this forceful bird may have difficult relationships with the law," Lyngstad, 37, told the newspaper Romsdals Budstikke.With her foot stuck in one of the pedals（脚蹬）, Lyngstad had to use her bike as a protection as she tried to fight off the strong bird, which kept coming at her."It wouldn't give up," Lyngstad said. "It was a harder fight than I usually see when I'm on duty."Lyngstad was finally able to force the attacker's head under the bike's front wheel, after which the bird flew back into the woods. Lyngstad suffered only a little in her side where the wood grouse rammed her."If I had needed to strike it again, I would have struck to kill," she said.A wood grouse, whose second name is capercaillie, can be up to three feet tall, and weigh up to nine pounds.Lyngstad, who was wearing a bright yellow vest during the bike ride, said she had no idea what caused the bird to attack.1. What was Jorun Lyngstad?A. A teacherB. A workerC. A firefighterD. A police officer2. Where was Jorun Lyngstad when she was attacked?A. She was in her officeB. She was at her homeC. She was in the woodsD. She was in a game3. Which of the following statements is true?A. The bird only attacked her once.B. The bird attacked her twice.C. The bird attacked her several times.D. The bird kept attacking her.4. won the fight at last.A. The birdB. The police officerC. Both of themD. Neither of them5. The bird attacked Jorun Lyngstad because .A. she was wearing a bright yellow vestB. she was riding a bikeC. the bird didn’t like the policeD. no one knew the reason参考答案：1. D 从第一段第一句中可以看出。
Reading comprehension strategies for expository essays(In class)Learning goals:1. To inspire students to explore some useful strategies for handling expository essays.2. To motivate students to solve similar problems using the above strategies.3. To develop students’ thinking qualities in practicing reading comprehension. Exploration and applicationTask 1 Identifying1) Spot the structure of an expository essay.2) Classify different questions.Task 2 Summarizing1)Explore question 9 and conclude the strategy.2) Practice more3) Polish up the homework.Task 3 Inferring1) Explore questions 3, 4 &5, and conclude the strategy respectively.2) Polish up the self-designed questions.3) Work out the questions.Homework1. Read a passage and complete comprehension questions.2. List the strategies employed and compare it with passage B.Summarizing practice:Practice oneThe scientists who conducted the research say using a mobile for just an hour every working day during that period is enough to increase the risk and international standard used to protect users from the radiation emitted is “not safe” and “needs to be revised”.●The best title of the passage is _______.A. The Causes of Brain CancerB. The Hidden Danger of Mobile PhoneC. The Research of Brain cancerD. The Negative Effects of Mobile PhonePractice twoExercise seems to be good for the human brain, with many recent studies suggesting that regular exercise improve memory and thinking skills. But an increasing new study asks whether the apparent cognitive benefits from exercise are real or just a placebo effect—that is, if we think we will be “smarter” after exercise, do our brains respond accordingly?●What might be the best title for the passage?A. Is it necessary for us to take exercise?B. How should people exercise properly?C. What makes us smarter during exercise?D. Does exercise really makes us smarter? HomeworkChildren as young as ten are becoming dependent on social media for their sense of self-worth, a major study warned.It found many youngsters (少年) now measure their status by how much public approval they get online, often through “like”. Some change their behavior in real life to improve their image on the web.The report into youngsters aged from 8 to 12 was carried out by Children’s Commissioner(专员) Anne Longfield. She said social media firms were exposing children to major emotional risks, with some youngsters starting secondary school ill-equipped to cope with the tremendous pressure they faced online.Some social apps were popular among the children even though they supposedly require users to be at least 13.The youngsters admitted planning trips around potential photo-opportunities and then messaging friends—and friends of friends —to demand “likes” for th eir online posts. The report found that youngsters felt their friendships could be at risk if they did not respond to social media posts quickly, and around the clock. Children aged 8 to 10 were “starting to feel happy” when others liked their posts. However, those in the 10 to 12 age group were “concerned with how many people like their posts”, suggesting a “need” for social recognition that gets stronger the older they become.Miss Longfield warned that a generation of children risked growing up “worried about their appearance and image as a result of the unrealistic lifestyles they follow on platforms, and increasingly anxious about switching off due to the constant demands of social media.”She said: “Children are using social media with family and friends and to play games when they are in primary school. But what starts as fun usage of apps turns into tremendous pressure in real social media interaction at secondary school.”As their world expanded, she said, children compared themselves to others online in a way that was “hugely damaging in terms of their self-identity, in terms of their confidence, but also in terms of their ability to develop themselves”.Miss Longfield added: “Then there is this push to connect—if you go offline, will you miss something, will you miss out, will you show that you don’t care about those people you are following, all of those come together in a huge way at once.”“For children it is very, very difficult to cope with emotionally.”The Children’s Commissioner for England’s study—life in Likes—found that children as young as 8 were using social media platforms largely for play.However, the research—involving eight groups of 32 children aged 8 to 12—suggested that as they headed toward their teens, they became increasingly anxious online.By the time they started secondary school—at age 11—children were already far more aware of their image online and felt under huge pressure to ensure their posts were popular, the report found.However, they still did not know how to cope with mean-spirited jokes, or the sense of incompetence they might feel if they compared themselves to celebrities(名人) or more brilliant friends online. The report said they also faced pressure to respond to messages at all hours of the day—especially at secondary school when more youngsters have mobile phones.The Children’s Commissioner said schools and parents must now do more to preparechildren for the emotional minefield(雷区) they faced online. And she said social media companies must also "take more responsibility". They should either monitor their websites better so that children do not sign up too early, or they should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users.Javed Khan, of children’s charity Bamardo’s, said: “It’s vital that new compulsory age- appropriate relationship and sex education lessons in England should help equip children to deal with the growing demands of social media.”“It’s also hugely important for parents to know which apps their children are using.”1. Why did some secondary school students feel too much pressure?A. They were not provided with adequate equipment.B. They were not well prepared for emotional risks.C. They were required to give quick responses.D. They were prevented from using mobile phones.2. Some social app companies were to blame because ________.A. they didn’t adequately check their users’ registrationB. they organized photo trips to attract more youngstersC. they encouraged youngsters to post more photosD. they didn’t stop youngsters from staying up late3. Children’s comparing themselves to others online may lead to ________.A. less friendliness to each otherB. lower self-identity and confidenceC. an increase in online cheatingD. a stronger desire to stay online4. According to Life in Likes, as children grew, they became more anxious to ________.A. circulate their posts quicklyB. know the qualities of their postsC. use mobile phones for playD. get more public approval5. What should parents do to solve the problem?A. Communicate more with secondary schools.B. Urge media companies to create safer apps.C. Keep track of children’s use of social media.D. Forbid their children from visiting the web.6. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The influence of social media on children.B. The importance of social media to children.C. The problem in building a healthy relationship.D. The measure to reduce risks from social media.。
专题二阅读七选五训练1 说明文(Ⅰ)A(2019·厦门外国语学校适应性考试)Being Left－handed in a Right－handed WorldThe world is designed for right－handed people，but why does a tenth of the population prefer the left? 1The answer to it remains a bit of a mystery.Since scientists have noticed that left－handedness tends to run in families，it's assumed that left－handedness has a genetic(基因的) component to it.2 In fact，identical twins，who share the same genes，can sometimes prefer to use different hands.There are also plenty of theories on what else might determine which hand you write with，but many experts believe that it's kind of random.Historically，the left side and left－handedness have been considered a negative thing by many cultures. 3 In some areas，the left hand became known as the “unclean”hand.In many religions，the right hand of God is the favored hand.For example，Jesus sits at God's right side.God's left hand，however，is the hand of judgement.Various activities and experiences become rude or even signs of bad luck when the left hand becomes involved.In some parts of Scotland，it is considered bad luck to meet a left－handed person at the start of a journey. 4 A person giving directions will put their left hand behind them and even physically try to point with their right hand if necessary.In some Asian countries，eating with the left hand is considered impolite.5 People come to realize that left－handedness is natural.People even noticed that many famous people are left－handed，including Benjamin Franklin，Leonardo Da Vinci，and Charlie Chaplin.Some researchers find out that lefties are more creative and can deal with abstract thinking better.The left－handedness is more easily adaptable to the right－handed world as well.Being left－handed is no longer a sad story now; instead，it is a wonderful gift or maybe it is something you should take pride in.A. In other words，left－handers are born that way.B．Left－handedness used to be regarded as a disability.C．The unfavorable associations of the use of the left hand among cultures are varied.D．Why do they prefer to use their left hand rather than their right hand for routine activities?E．Why do some parents force their left－handed children to become right－handed whenwriting?F．In Ghana，pointing，gesturing，giving or receiving items with the left hand is considered rude.G．Fortunately，nowadays most societies and cultures no longer reject left－handedness like before.本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了人们使用左手的原因，过去对左撇子的误解以及现如今人们不再像以前那样拒绝左撇子了。
预测一高考阅读理解所选材料通常都是国外网站上的地道的英语文章，然后经过命题专家整合、改编而成。
文章主要介绍国内外的文化风俗、历史名胜、人文地理、著名人物等。
预测二文章的篇幅较短，词数多为280～330，兼顾多种体裁，通常有记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等，要求考生充分利用所给信息，回答文章提出的问题。
通常文章难度不大，关键是考查考生高效处理信息的能力，还要求考生对文章有更深层次的理解。
但是题目并不容易，很容易出错。
全国卷的命题逐渐向地方自主命题卷，尤其是新课标地区的试卷看齐，不断增加词汇量和文章长度，向新课标过渡。
预测三题目设置灵活多样，通常以细节理解题为主，推理判断题为辅，兼顾猜测词义、句意题及目的意图题和主旨大意题。
这种命题特点要求考生更好地了解文章中的有用信息，提高阅读速度。
高中英语教学大纲明确规定“侧重提高阅读能力”，这为我们的备考指明了方向。
阅读理解能力属于语言的领会技能，它不仅考查对语篇的整体把握能力，而且考查快速捕捉信息、准确理解特定细节以及复杂句子的能力。
不仅要准确理解文章表层的意思，还要通过表层去推理、判断。
除此之外，还涉及非语言因素，如：对所学语言国家的社会和文化背景知识的掌握、生活常识、逻辑知识和语言修养等。
考点1 主旨大意题1.主旨大意题常分为两类：(1)选出文章最佳标题；(2)概括文章或段落大意。
2.主旨大意题主要考查对文章进行概括或总结的能力，它要求在阅读短文时，能够提炼文章的中心思想，体会作者的写作意图，充分运用逻辑概括能力，透过字里行间获取文章最具代表性的观点、论点及作者的情感倾向。
研读近几年高考阅读理解，可以发现对主旨大意类的考查占有相当重要的地位。
【答题技巧】主旨大意题的三种思路：①寻找主题句，确定文章大意。
在许多情况下，尤其是在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过寻找短文的主题句来归纳出文章的主题。
主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种情况：开头、中间、结尾(或在开头结尾同时出现首尾呼应的主题句)，因此，仔细阅读这类文章或段落的首尾句是关键。
Reading comprehension strategies for expository essays( Before class )Preparation1. Read passages A and B and complete nine comprehension questions.3. Reflect on the following questions：1) Could you divide each passage into several parts and summarize the main idea of each part? Compare their structures.Passage A Passage B2) How do you usually grasp the main idea of an expository essay?____________________________________________________________________________ Could you write a summary of passage B within 30 words? Have a try.(Tips : identify key points, rewrite in a different way, connect and polish them up.)_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 3) When you make inferences, what do you usually do?_____________________________________________________________________________ Could you design a comprehension question about inferring for passage A ? Have a try.You’d better design at least two choices.You may try like this:➢decide on your target information;➢design your question.➢create a correct choice based on your paraphrasing or inferring;➢create other false choices. Try to make them tricky._____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________Reading materialsAOur cities have never been denser, taller, or busier than they are now, and with that, comes the constant battle for land. But if we look at aerial images of any city center, we can quickly spot plenty of unused space—the rooftops.So what can we use this precious resource for? In a growing number of high-density cities, some of it is dedicated to recreation—everything from bars and pools, to soccer pitches and running tracks can now be found atop skyscrapers. But when a rooftop offers access to sunlight, there are two more obvious candidates for its use—agriculture and solar power.Green roofs have been growing in popularity for more than a decade, and in some cases, growing in scale too. Green roofs can provide a habitat for birds and insects in an otherwise hostile environment.Cities can be several degrees warmer than the surrounding countryside. Green roofs come with the added benefit of mitigating the dreaded urban heat island effect. Trees and green spaces can absorb shortwave radiation, and use it to evaporate water from their leaves—a kind of ‘double cooling’ effect.With food security and urban nutrition ever-higher on the agenda for the United Nations, there’s also a worldwide movement of using green roofs for hyper-local food production. In regions with suitable climates, hundreds of different vegetables, fruits, and salad leaves can be grown on rooftops.But what about solar power? With so many cities now stopping using fossil fuels, and the costs of solar panels dropping dramatically, PV systems have become the ‘go to’option for generating distributed power in built-up areas. And, even with standard commercial panels, the energy gains are dramatic. It is estimated that rooftop PV systems could generate almost 40% of electricity demands nationwide.There’s no doubt that in both cases, a network of ‘productive rooftops’ could benefit the local community by supplying a portion of a necessary resource—either food or electricity—while also reducing their environmental burden. But is one better than the other?This was the question posed by researchers from MIT and the University of Lisbon in a recent paper in the journal Cities. Focusing on the rooftops of a mixed-use neighborhood in Lisbon, they carried out a Cost-Benefit Analysis. Starting with existing data on everything from installation costs and resources used, to carbon footprint and yield, they modelled the impact that each installation would have on the local community over a period of 50 years.And by looking at it that way, they concluded that for Lisbon, the use of rooftops for food production could yield significantly higher local value than solar PV energy generation. Of course, this is very site-specific. There is no one-size-fits-all solution to make cities more sustainable, and anyone who tells you otherwise is massively over-simplifying a complex issue. Now, all I hope is that some of those decision makers start using it.1. According to the passage, green roofs don’t make a difference to ______.A. medicineB. agricultureC. electricityD. ecology2. What does the underlined sentence mean in the last paragraph?A. Lisbon is the perfect targeted city for researchers.B. In another city, the opposite conclusion can be drawn.C. The conclusion about Lisbon can apply to all other cities.D. It doesn’t make sense to install rooftop PV systems in Lisbon.3. The author writes this article in order to ______.A. instruct decision makers what to doB. inform us of the rise of urban rooftopsC. predict two fields where we can use rooftopsD. persuade us to make cities more sustainableBTens of thousands of young in Britain who are struggling with their mental health are seeking help online for problems such as anxiety, self-harm, and depression.Soaring numbers of under-18s are turning to apps, online counselling and “mood diaries” to help them manage and recover from conditions that have left them feeling low, isolated and, in some cases, suicidal.A generation of young people are attracted by being able to receive fast, personal care and advice using their phone rather than having to wait up to 18 months to be treated by an NHS mental health professional.The shift comes as ministers prepare themselves for publication on Thursday of the first new figures for 13 years showing how common mental health problems are in the young mainly as a result of the emergence of social media and its use in fueling feelings of inadequacy.The number of under-18s using Kooth, a free online counselling(咨询的) service, has shot up from 20,000 in 2015 to 65,000 last year, and is forecast to rise further to 100,000 this year.One hundred NHS clinical commissioning groups across England, more than half the total, have now commissioned the service. It helps young people suffering from anxiety, low mood, poor self-worth or confidence, self-harm and loneliness.“Young people like the fact they can talk to a counsellor either instantly, or within 10 minutes, for up to an hour in the evenings. They love that immedia cy”, said Aaron Sefi, the research and evaluation director at XenZone, the company behind Kooth.“They also love the anonymity involved, because they can sign up without giving their personal details. Plus, they’re in control, because they are choosing to contact us rather than being told to do so.”In addition, 123,138 people in the UK download. Calm Harm, an NHS-approved app that helps people self-harm less often or not at all, between April 2017 and this month.“Users tell us that Calm Harm helps with suicidal thoughts and intent,” said Dr. Nihara Krause, the consultant clinical psychologist who developed the app. “Currently 92% of our users, who are mainly female and often aged 15-21, say the urge reduced.”Calm Harm is among 18 apps that NHS England has endorsed(支持) to help cope with mental ill-health. They also include Bluelce, which helps young people manage their emotions using a mood diary and automatic routing(自动转接) to emergency help numbers if their urges to self-harm continue.Experts welcomed the trend but warned that online help must complement, not replace, face-to-face appointments with therapists, psychologists and psychiatrists.“Most young people spend much of their time online, and it can feel easier for them to communicate through messaging and online services than face-to-face,” said Tom Madders, campaigns director at Young Minds, which helps people under 26.“Evidence-based mental health apps and online support services can be really beneficial in helping young people to look after their own mental health, develop strategies for coping with difficult emotions, and get accessible information and advice when they need it.”Claire Murdoch, NHS England’s national mental health director, said: “Technology is constantly evolving and young people are usually at the forefront, so it’s no surprise increasing numbers are turning to services like these which can certainly play a part, particularly when backed up by face-to-face support.”The NHS’s forthcoming long-term plan, due next month, will “harn ess(利用) all of the benefits these advancements can bring”, she added.Meanwhile, 37% of the young people referred to NHS child and adolescent mental health services (Camhs) in England last year were refused help, the children’s commissioner has revealed.I n an analysis of Camhs care published on Thursday, the children’s commissioner for England, Anne Longfield, says that despite promises by politicians and NHS bosses to improve access, “a vast gap remains between what is provided and what children need”.While she found improvements in several areas of care, including care for eating disorders, new mothers and under-18s in the criminal justice system, overall “the current rate of progress is still not good enough for the majority of children who require help but are not receiving it”.4. Online help can be characterized as ______.A. instant, confidential and controllableB. attractive, convenient and symbolicC. effective, accessible and controversialD. considerate, authentic and impractical5. Teenagers suffer from mental problems mainly because______.A. they lack professional guidanceB. they tend to be more self-centredC. social media make them feel less confidentD. social media keep them distant from each other6. Calm Harm helps teenagers to ______.A. keep a journal of their moodsB. manage their feeling of stressC. reduce the urge to harm themselvesD. improve their self-identity and confidence7. Experts believe that online help can ______.A. strengthen bonds between teenagers with mental illnessesB. play a role in pushing forward the cutting-edge advanceC. replace face-to-face appointments with professionalsD. serve as a complement to face-to-face appointments8. According to Anne Longfield, NHS child and adolescent mental health services ______.A. have lived up to their expectations and promisesB. are reluctant to help teenagers with mental illnessesC. will complete their ambitious forthcoming long-term planD. need to struggle to meet the increasing needs of teenagers9. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The popularity of online apps in treating teenagers’ mental illnesses.B. The contrasts between online help services and face-to-face support.C. The influence of teenagers’ ment al illnesses on online help services.D. The drawbacks with the existing adolescent mental health services.。
专题03 阅读理解说明文在复习中应着重加大语篇分析的训练，提高学生语篇分析能力和语言的综合运用能力，要精选一些短文阅读试题进行渐进式的强化练习，注重做题时间的控制和阅读速度的定量提高。
从练入手强化知识的运用，从分析入手注重能力的提高，从结果入手寻找适应的差距。
要尽可能使自己始终处于积极的思维状态，充分调动大脑中的语言知识，在训练中不断地加以分析、辨异、综合、深化，使整个复习过程处于不断变化、提高、求新、向高考目标接近的运动状态之中。
要做好阅读理解，提高阅读能力，就必须扩大阅读量，探求阅读方法。
对于这方面我们主要加强对以下四个方面的模块训练，一是＂理解主旨要义＂，二是＂理解文中具体信息＂，三是＂根据上下文推断生词的词义＂，四是＂做出简单的判断和推理＂。
学生复习阅读，首先要对照《考纲》对阅读提出的六点能力要求，（1）理解主旨和要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断生词的词义；（4）作出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
检查一下自己在这六个方面中存在的缺陷。
要求学生做到持之以恒，要求每天阅读三到四篇，限时21-28分钟。
在训练中努力培养学生的站的目的正是鼓励人们与别人分享图书，所以拿到书的人最可能继续把书传递下去。
故C项正确。
32.D 【解析】标题概括题。
根据文章第三段可知把改变人生的两种事物：遇到的人和读过的书联系在一起。
D项内容能够涵盖文章的中心思想。
Passage3(2016·新课标卷III)If you are a fruit grower —or would like to become one —take advantage of Apple Day to see what’s around. It’s called Apple Day but in practice it’s more like Apple Month. The day itself is on October 21, but since it has caught on, events now spread out over most of October around Britain.Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples. To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans. Although it doesn’t taste of anything special, it’s still worth a try, as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cat’s Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you’ll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it’s a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions, and because these are family affairs, children are well catered for with apple-themed fun and games.Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit, including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果园). If you want to have a real orchard experience, try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale, near Faversham in Kent.28. What can people do at the apple events?A. Attend experts’ lectures.B. Visit fruit-loving families.C. Plant fruit trees in an orchard.D. Taste many kinds of apples.29. What can we learn about Decio?A. It is a new variety.B. It has a strange look.C. It is rarely seen now.D. It has a special taste.30. What does the underlined phrase ＂a pipe dream＂in Paragraph 3 mean?A. A practical idea.B. A vain hope.C. A brilliant plan.D. A selfish desire.31. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?A. To show how to grow apples.B. To introduce an apple festival.C. To help people select apples.D. To promote apple research.【文章大意】作者向人们介绍了一个节日－－Apple Day。
高考英语说明文阅读解题技巧(精选5篇)高考英语说明文阅读解题技巧（篇1）良好的阅读习惯是提高阅读能力的前提，不同的阅读方法会产生不同的结果。
良好的阅读习惯应该是：(1)不要出声读或指读，要默读。
出声读和指读都会分散注意力，限制阅读速度。
默读可以集中大脑注意力，边读边想，可设问，可推测。
(2)不要逐字逐句地读，要以意群或句子为单位。
逐字逐句地阅读过多地把注意力放在单词上，不仅影响阅读速度，而且不容易抓住*的中心大意。
(3)不要重复阅读，这样容易影响理解力的集中，减慢阅读速度，挫伤学生的阅读兴趣。
要调用自己的全部知识和智慧，一口气越障碍看到底。
(4)不要一见生词就查词典，要养成根据上下文猜测生词词义的习惯，在不影响理解全文的地方，要舍得放过难点，只有这样，才能保持阅读兴趣。
(5)不要边读边译，这样既影响阅读速度，又不能促进理解。
应该直接用英语思维，记关键词，抓主旨。
高考英语说明文阅读解题技巧（篇2）问题下面的选项可以稍微扫一下，不用认真看。
这样做的目的是快速了解整篇*的大概意思和考点。
也就是说你把题目看完了之后，基本就知道这篇阅读理解在讲什么了。
因为有的阅读*它的写作方式不是“开门见山”式的，往往会先闲扯两句，然后慢慢的导入主题。
很多人上来先看*，一看开头——看不懂，不知道作者想要说什么，然后就晕了头，后面的内容也就跟着糊里糊涂起来。
所以我们先看题目，知道全文大意和考点，即使看*的时候有些地方看不懂，也影响不大了。
高考英语说明文阅读解题技巧（篇3）这前面两部，是我们做阅读理解的常规步骤，在考场上，也就按照这两个步骤来就不错了。
完成者前面那个步骤，每篇*需要用的时间大概是12分钟。
但是，在平时练习中，也这样做收效不大。
因为只阅读一遍，看个半懂不懂，糊里糊涂的选择几个选项，然后对一下答案。
这样我们花了时间，实际上没有什么收获。
花了很多时间做了很多英语题目，却还是停留在原来的水平。
所以说在平时练习中，既然做了一篇，就要吃透一篇，理解一篇，收获一篇。
专题03 说明文通关练1.说明文解题策略2.名校优选专项通关练养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
【解题策略】说明文是一种以说明为主要表达方式的文章体裁。
该文体通过对实体事物科学的解说，对客观事物做出说明或对抽象事物进行阐述，使人们对事物的形态、构造、性质、种类、成因、功能、关系或对事理的概念、特点、来源、演变、异同等有科学的认识，从而获得有关知识，增长知识和技能。
说明文是高考英语阅读理解题中的重点内容之一。
文体特点与阅读策略从内容特点看：说明文从内容上主要围绕下列主题而展开，科普知识类、动植物特性类、自然现象类、新产品、新工艺介绍类、风土人情类。
文中解释性、定义性、说明性句子较多，长难句较多。
实验、研究型文章一般会以实验的过程、进展为线索，多用描述法、问题与对策法等方法，通过列数据、做对比等来说明新的科学研究发现及其产生的影响。
介绍说明型文章通常是介绍一种新产品、新技术，更多运用描述法从功能、用途、材料和市场前景等方面进行介绍。
从语言特点看：说明文中专业术语较多，抽象程度高，解题难度大，容易拉开考生分数档次。
阅读理解主要考查考生对词汇和句式的掌握和运用情况。
说明文由于句式复杂等特点，相对于其他体裁的文章来说难度更大。
从结构特点看：客观、简练，文章很少表达作者的情感倾向。
说明文通常采用以下结构形式：总分式: 总——分式和分——总式结构，以及完整的“总——分——总”结构。
递进式: 事理说明文常用这种结构形式，通常由浅入深、由表及里、由现象到本质，逐层递进，一层一层地剖析事理。
并列式：文章各部分的内容没有主次轻重之分。
对照式：通过两个事物的比较和对照说明其异同。
高考英语阅读与写作备考策略：专题2 阅读理解说明文与议论文主旨距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
1.题干特征：题干中出现main idea; mainly about; best / suitable title; 或问作者写文章的目的是什么2.如何定位：说明文和议论文文章的主旨多在首段，部分在尾段，或首尾段相结合，极少数需要自己总结如果议论文首段描写场景，那么主旨通常在第二段3.方法：1）如果首尾段的首尾句非常简短，且为总结性话语，那么很有可能是文章的主旨2）如果首段提及研究(research; study 等)，那么通常研究结果为主旨给出方式：The research / study found / showed / suggested / indicated that …The researchers found / said that …The result of the study indicated that ……, according to the research.…注意事项：如果首段提及previous (以前的) research，那么主旨应该是现在的或者新的研究结果通常以前的研究是错误的或不全面的，个别是用来佐证最近的研究结果的正确性通常大多数人的观点是错误的，后面会有转折给出正确的观点3）如果首尾段出现转折，那么转折后是重点可以表示转折的词语：but; however; yet; while; instead (of)…although; though; even if; even though; while (句首); despite … (强调主句)actually; in fact; in effect; as a matter of fact; …(un)fortunately; (un)luckily ……4）如果首段出现问句，那么问句本身或问句后的后一句(问题的答案) 很可能是文章主旨注意事项：如果问句在首段最后一句，那么通常这个问题本身是文章主旨或第二段给出的答案是文章主旨5）如果文章介绍某人/ 物/ 事，那么介绍的内容为文章主旨注意事项：如果首段提及了介绍内容的优势好处或目的，那么优势好处或目的为主旨(help; benefit; …)文章介绍某事件时可以把选项对应回首段，对应上的内容越多，正确率越高表示目的的词语：to do; in order to do; so as to do; intend to do; aim to do / aim at doing; mean to do …6）寻找文章中的高频词注意事项：高频词通常要出现在选项中；如果有两个或两个以上的高频词，那么最好所有高频词都出现在选项中；如果有两个或两个以上的选项符合上述要求，那么需要注意选项中的不同之处，根据文章具体内容区分每个选项的侧重点，区分高频词之间的关系区别4.如果询问主旨的题在文章的第一题提问，可以最后作答典型例题1A study of 500,000 songs released（发行）in the UK between 1985 and 2015 showed that pop music had decreased in happiness and increased in sadness.题：What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Pop Music Is Getting SadderB. Music Calls for Sex EqualityC. Pop Music Has a Long HistoryD. Music Industry Is Going Down【答案】A【解析】本题截取自说明文首段。
新高考英语二轮复习攻破新题阅读理解之说明文（2.5分）02：模拟训练距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
【模拟试题1】(2022·浙江强基联盟联考)The tornadoes that recently struck the U.S. are some of the most destructive and deadly in history. The death in Kentucky, the hardest hit state, reached 80 on Monday, with dozens still unaccounted for. The scale of destruction and timing of the tornadoes so late in the year — most tornadoes occur in the spring and summer — is fueling discussion about how climate change may have influenced this deadly disaster.“In my 40years as a meteorologist, this was one of the most shocking weather events I’ve ever witnessed,” says Jeff Masters, at Yale Climate Connections. “Watching these storms on Friday night, my thought was, ‘Is no season safe?’ Extreme tornadoes in December. Th at wasmind blowing to me.”Unlike heat waves and floods, the link between a warming world and tornadoes is complex and uncertain. Scientists have several theories about how tornado behavior may change. Tornadoes in December are possible. But it remains to be seen whether climate change will strengthen or increase the frequency of tornadoes.According to NOAA’s data, there has been a recorded increase in the number of observed tornadoes since 1950, which experts believe is largely due to better technology such as Doppler radar. There’s been no observed increase in the frequency of major tornadoes over time. For example, 59 of the most severe F5 tornadoes in the U.S. have occurred since 1950. But if the storm that destroyed Kentucky turns out to have been an F5, it will have been the first since 2013 — bringing to an end the longest recorded period so far.Nevertheless, “given the general influence of global warming on the atmosphere, it makes sense that it should be having an impact on tornadoes too,” says Vi ctor Gensini, an extreme weather expert at Northern Illinois University. “Instead of asking: ‘Did climate change cause this tornado?’ It’s better to operate under the assumption that climate change did play a role,” he says.While the science on climate ch ange and tornadoes isn’t clear, meteorologists are predicting that conditions benefiting tornadoes will continue this month. “I’m worried about the rest of the year to be honest. I don’t think we’re out of the woods yet.” Gensini says.28. What is one difference between the recent tornadoes and the ones in the past?A. They hit only Kentucky.B. They happened in December.C. They caused no deaths.D. They caught people unprepared.29. What can be inferred in paragraph 3?A. Waves and floods often follow tornadoes.B. There is an agreement on how tornadoes may change.C. Climate change will make tornadoes the most deadly disaster.D. Scientists are unsure about how climate change influences tornadoes.30. Which statement may Victor Gensini agree with?A. The climate change most likely has an effect on tornadoes.B. The tornadoes have nothing to do with climate warming.C. The science on climate change is advancing very quickly.D. The climate change will make tornadoes much less frequent.【答案】28 B 29. D 30. A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。
高三英语说明文阅读策略
阅读是提高英语学习者语言技能的关键途径。
在高三阶段，学生面临着大量的阅读任务，如教材、参考书、试卷等。
为了有效地应对阅读挑战，提高学习效果，高三学生需要掌握一些阅读策略。
以下是一些建议，帮助学生提高英语阅读能力。
1. 分层次阅读：根据文章的难度，将阅读材料分为不同层次。
简单的文章可以快速阅读，提取关键信息；而较难的文章则需要仔细阅读，逐句理解。
这样可以有效分配时间和精力，确保高质量的阅读。
2. 设定阅读目标：在开始阅读前，明确阅读目的。
是为了获取信息、学习新词汇、提高语法能力还是为了提高阅读速度？明确目标有助于保持专注，提高阅读效果。
3. 速读与精读相结合：针对不同类型的文章，采用不同的阅读策略。
例如，阅读新闻时，可以通过速读获取关键信息；而阅读文学作品时，需要精读，仔细品味作者的写作技巧。
4. 制作词汇卡片：阅读过程中，遇到生词要及时记录并查阅词典。
制作词汇卡片，方便复习和记忆。
5. 定期复习：阅读并不意味着一次性完成。
要定期回顾读过的文章，巩固所学知识，提高阅读能力。
6. 培养阅读兴趣：尽量选择自己感兴趣的阅读材料。
兴趣是最好的老师，可以激发阅读热情，提高学习效果。
7. 提高阅读速度：通过练习，逐步提高阅读速度。
可以使用计时器进行限时阅读，以提高专注力。
8. 学会总结与反思：阅读过程中，学会总结文章的主要观点和论据。
读完后，思考文章的优点和不足，以便在今后的阅读中进行改进。
高三学生应掌握适合自己的阅读策略，以提高英语阅读能力，为高考打下坚实的基础。
2019浙江高考英语二轮专项总练习学案--第29讲说明文注意事项：认真阅读理解，结合历年的真题，总结经验，查找不足！重在审题，多思考，多理解！无论是单选、多选还是论述题，最重要的就是看清题意。
在论述题中，问题大多具有委婉性，尤其是历年真题部分，在给考生较大发挥空间的同时也大大增加了考试难度。
考生要认真阅读题目中提供的有限材料，明确考察要点，最大限度的挖掘材料中的有效信息，建议考生答题时用笔将重点勾画出来，方便反复细读。
只有经过仔细推敲，揣摩命题老师的意图，积极联想知识点，分析答题角度，才能够将考点锁定，明确题意。
第29讲说明文说明文(expositorywriting)是以说明为主要表达方式的文体。
它主要用来说明事物的特点、发展变化的规律、分析前因后果，目的在于使读者获得必要的信息，使人们对事物有个清晰、完整的了解和认识。
说明文包括具体事物说明文：说明书、广告、解说词等；还包括事理说明文：概念解析、书文简介等。
写说明文应注意的问题：1.特征要明确。
对某一事物予以说明，首先要弄清从哪些方面加以说明才能准确地反应被说明的事物。
一般来说，说明事物可以从事物的颜色、形状、性质、习性、结构、用途、操作过程、发生、发展规律等方面着手。
但每一事物都有自身的特征，因而写作时不需要面面俱到，要着重突出这一事物区别于其他事物的特点，这样才能给读者留下具体而深刻的印象。
2.层次要分明。
说明事物要注意条理，否那么就不可能说清楚复杂的事物。
例如说明事物的构造，就要按照构造的顺序来说明，或从上到下，或由里及外，或由主到次。
文字要简明扼要，一目了然。
3.说明手法要多样。
常见的说明方法有：下定义、举例子、作比较、分类别、列数据、列图表等。
总之，要写好说明文要求做到：1)条理清楚；2)层次分明；3)语言简洁；4)用词准确；5)具有严格的科学性。
(2017湖南卷)Directions:writeanEnglishcompositionaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinCh inese.假设你参加所在年级的英文写作比赛，请按照要求完成一篇短文：假设你参加所在年级的英文写作比赛，请按照要求完成一篇短文：1、简要描述上图内容，并点明主题；2、联系实际，表达该图带给你的启示。
2019陕西高考英语二轮练习－说明文教案注意事项：认真阅读理解，结合历年的真题，总结经验，查找不足！重在审题，多思考，多理解！无论是单选、多选还是论述题，最重要的就是看清题意。
在论述题中，问题大多具有委婉性，尤其是历年真题部分，在给考生较大发挥空间的同时也大大增加了考试难度。
考生要认真阅读题目中提供的有限材料，明确考察要点，最大限度的挖掘材料中的有效信息，建议考生答题时用笔将重点勾画出来，方便反复细读。
只有经过仔细推敲，揣摩命题老师的意图，积极联想知识点，分析答题角度，才能够将考点锁定，明确题意。
一、考情分析说明文是对事物的特征、本质、性能、状态或事物的发生、发展、结果、用途、原理等进行介绍、解释和说明的一种文体。
天文地理、人情世故、客观事物、主观意识等宇宙间的一切都可以通过说明文加以阐述说明。
说明文的主要目的是帮助读者认清事物，明白事理，故其语言通常较为浅显、通俗，比较易于读者理解。
说明文的内容也很客观、真实，它的用词总是贴近事物的本来面目，没有华丽的辞藻和夸张的写作手法，一般也不加以描述和议论。
说明文的内容比较直白，脉络清晰，有没有很多的感情因素掺入，所以就不会有过多情感词汇，在理解上自然不会有走不出去的迷宫。
说明文的层次清晰，整体性强。
所以，递进性词汇和名词的设题较多。
只有把握这些关键，做完形填空题时才能得心应手，游刃有余。
二、要点突破重要语法知识掌握牢、理解长句和难句的句子结构对于语法结构的考查主要集中在定语从句〔连接词、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别、定语从句与其它主从复合句的区别〕、状语从句。
非谓语动词〔不定式、现在分词、过去分词、动名词〕、时态和语态、特殊句型〔省略句、倒装句等〕以及一些词类之间的搭配知识〔如名词需要形容词、名词、冠词、非谓语动词、词组及定语从句修饰，动词需要副词修饰等语法项目上。
此类题除了要求考生具备系统准确的语法知识之外，还要求考生注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，这样才能提高答题的准确率。
