汉译英2(答案)分析解析
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英语二考试翻译讲义英语翻译讲义一、大纲要求及其解读(一)《大纲》中对考生翻译能力进行考察的指导思想如下:(二)《大纲》对翻译部分的具体要求如下:(三)评分标准1、英译汉评分标准示例:Progress in communication and transport technologies during the 20th century has enabled us to overcome geographical boundaries and revolutionize our way of living. The world is now linked to such an extent that a local happening/ cannot take place/ without impacting on the international community.Globalization is not just about /increasing /the worldwide circulation of information and ideas. Economically speaking, it entails transnational investment and international trade, thereby integrating all countries into a single giant world market. In terms of culture, globalization itself is neither positive nornegative: It may be either of them/ depending on our viewpoint.二、翻译部分得分目标及复习策略得分目标:复习的基本策略:每周两组翻译训练,可以使用历年真题以及大学英语六级考试的翻译材料(六级是只翻译其中的句子,建议大家在练习的时候尝试翻译一个段落或者全文);在训练过程中把注意力放在如何得到目标分数上。
Lecture note 21、直译(literal translation)VS意译(free translation)直译:是既保持原文内容、又保持原文形式的翻译方法或翻译文字。
直译不等于硬译或死译,也叫逐字翻译——就是以词为单位进行考虑的,力求目的语的每个词都能与原语的每个词对等。
直译不仅能保持原作的特点,而且还可使读者逐步接受原作的文学风格,促进语言多样性,丰富目的语的语言形式,以利跨文化沟通与交流。
Eg:1.dark horse(黑马)brandy(白兰地)rifle(来福枪)carnation(康乃馨)litchi(荔枝)salon(沙龙)engine(引擎)gentlemen’s agreement(君子协议)one country,two systems(一国两制)2.to show one’s cards摊牌3.Soon got, soon gone.来得容易,去得快。
4.Speech is silver, silence is golden.雄辩是银,沉默是金。
5.There is no smoke without fire.无火不生烟6.The worst wheel of a cart creaks most.最坏的车轮最会嘎嘎响。
7.Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见,心不念。
8.来得易,去得疾。
Easy come, easy go.9.同一个世界,同一个梦想。
One world, one dream.10.She has many hot potatoes to handle every day.她每天都要处理很多棘手的问题。
11.Partly as a result of the recently increasing demand, whole sale tea prices havealmost doubled.部分由于日益增长的需求,批发茶的价格几乎翻了一番。
专业英语八级汉译英(记叙文类)强化练习试卷2(题后含答案及解析)题型有: 5. TRANSLATIONPART V TRANSLATION (60 MIN)SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISHDirections: Translate the following text into English.1.书籍到了我的手里,我的习惯是先看序文,次看目录。
页数不多的往往立刻通读,篇幅大的,只把正文任择一二章节略加翻阅,就插在书架上。
除小说外,我少有全体读完的大部的书,只凭了购入当时的记忆,知道某册书是何种性质,其中大概有些什么可取的材料而已。
什么书在什么时候再去读再去翻,连我自己也无把握,完全要看一个时期一个时期的兴趣。
正确答案:As soon as a new book comes to my hand, I always read the preface first and then the table of contents. If it happens to be a thin one, I often finish reading it at one sitting. Otherwise, I often browse through one or two chapters or sections before putting it onto my bookshelf. I seldom read a thick book from cover to cover unless it is a novel. By dint of the first impression it made on me at the time of buying, I have a rough idea of what a book is about and what useful materials in it are available to me. But I have little idea which book is to be read or looked over again at what time. It is completely subject to the whims of the moment.解析:1.第一句主句的主语“我的习惯”不宜直译为英语的主语,因为后面的成分“先看序文,次看目录”都是动词词组,发出动作的逻辑主语是“我”。
CATTI二级笔译英译汉真题2016年5月(总分60, 做题时间60分钟)English-Chinese Translation (60 points)This part consists of two sections: SECTIONA 1 “Compulsory Translation” and SECTION 2 “Optional Translation” **prises “Topic 1” and “Topic 2”. Translate the passage in SECTION 1 and your choic1.【Passage 1】Jane Goodall was already on a London dock in March 1957 when she realized that her passport was missing. In just a few hours, she was due to depart on her first trip to Africa. A school friend had moved to a farm outside Nairobi and, knowing Goodall’s childhood dream was to live among the African wildlife, invited her to stay with the family for a while. Goodall, then 22, saved for two years to pay for her passage to Kenya: waitressing, doing secretarial work, temping at the post office in her hometown, Bournemouth, on England’s southern coast. Now all this was for naught, it seemed.It’s hard not to wonder how subsequent events in her life — rather consequential as they have turned out to be to conservation, to science, to our sense of ourselves as a species — might have unfolded differently had someone not found her passport, along with an itinerary from Cook’s, the travel agency, folded inside, and delivered it to the Cook’s office. An agency representative, documents in hand, found her on the dock. “Incredible,” Goodalltold me last month, recalling that day. “Amazing.”Within two months of her arrival, Goodall met the paleontologist Louis Leakey — Nairobi was a small town for its white population in those days — and he immediately offered her a job at the natural-history museum where he was curator. He spent much of the next three years testing her capacity for repetitive work.He believed in a hypothesis first put forth by Charles Darwin that humans and chimpanzees share an evolutionary ancestor. Close study of chimpanzees in the wild, he thought, might tell us something about**mon progenitor. He was, in other words, looking for someone to live among Africa’s wild animals. One night, he told Goodall that he knew just the place where she could do it: Gombe Stream Chimpanzee Reserve, in the British colony of Tanganyika (now Tanzania).In July 1960, Goodall boarded a boat and after a few hours motoring over the warm, deep waters of Lake Tanganyika, she stepped onto the pebbly beach at Gombe.Her finding, published in Nature in 1964, that chimpanzees use tools — extracting insects from a termite mound with leaves of grass —drastically and forev er altered humanity’s understanding of itself; man was no longer the natural world’s only user of tools.After two and a half decades of living out her childhood dream, Goodall made an abrupt career shift, from scientist to conservationist.SSS_TEXT_QUSTI分值: 30答案:1957年3月,当珍妮•古道尔(Jane Goodall)在伦敦码头候船时,她发现护照不见了。
新标准大学英语综合教程2课后题翻译答案(英译汉,汉译英)题目答案新标准大学英语综合教程2课后翻译答案 Unit 11 政府采取的一系列措施不但没有化解矛盾,反倒激起更多的暴力冲突。
反对党联合工会发动了一次大罢工,最终导致政府的垮台。
( give rise to; form an alliance with; launch; bring about)Instead of resolving contradictions, the series of measures taken by the government gave rise to more violent clashes. The Opposition formed analliance with the trade unions and launched a general strike, which ultimately brought about the downfall of the government.2 如今,大学与现实世界的距离越来越小,学生也变得越来越实际。
从前,大学是一象牙塔,学者追求的是学问本身而不是把学问作为达到目的的手段,但这样的时代已经一去不复返了。
( shrink; gone are the days; a means to an end)Nowadays, the gap between the university and the real world is shrinking and the students are becoming more and more practical. Gone are the days when the university was an ivory tower in which scholars pursued knowledge as anend rather than a means to an end.3 我从未指望靠上课来学好这门课。
初三英语汉译英试题答案及解析1.翻译句子。
【1】学生不应该穿耳眼.Students shouldn’t get ______ears_______.【答案】their;pierced【解析】get sth done使某事被做,故填their pierced【2】你查明了是谁把窗户打碎了吗?Have you _____ _____ who broke the windows?【答案】found out【解析】 find out,查出,查明,指经过调查或思考而得出的结果,根据句意,故填found out 【3】你本应该完成作业但是你没有。
You should ___ ___your homework, but you didn’t.【答案】have finished【解析】should have done,本应该做……(而没有做)故填have finished【4】我们为中国的数千年文化而感到骄傲。
We are ____ ____ our China’s thousands of cultu re.【答案】proud of.【解析】be proud of ,因……而骄傲,故填proud of.【5】我已经习惯面对困难。
I have ____ ____ to facing difficulties.【答案】been used .【解析】be used to doing sth,习惯于做……,因为该句是现在完成时,故填been used【考点】句子翻译。
2.【1】风笛既不是植物也不是动物。
Bagpipes are plants animals.【答案】neither…nor【解析】句意:风笛既不是植物也不是动物。
故答案是neither…nor.【2】我们需要同其他文化的人交朋友。
We need to with people from other cultures.【答案】makes friends with【解析】句意:我们需要同其他文化的人交朋友。
六年级下册小升初英语专项训练-英汉互译(二)通用版(含答案解析)一、单选题1.当你想问Miss White她是哪里人时,你应该问:A. Where are you?B. Where are you from?C. What's your name?2.当别人有可能会遇到危险之前,你会说:A. Be careful.B. Don't worry.3.当你想要问别人哪里是教师办公室的时候,你这样说:A. Where's the teachers' office?B. Is this the teachers' office?4.劳动节A. Children's DayB. Labour Day5.Ben想知道你学校有多少间图书馆,他会问:A. How many classrooms are there?B. How many library are there?C. How many libraries are there?6.你想知道对方在哪里,你应该说:________A. Who are you?B. Where are you?7.当你的玩具不见了时,你可以这样问妈妈:A. Where is my toy?B. Where is my book?C. Where's the boy?8.埃米只有2岁。
A. Amy is only two years old.B. Amy is only two year old.9.当你想告诉别人你不喜欢西瓜时,应该说:A. I like watermelons.B. I don't like apples.C. I don't like watermelons.10.当你想表达自己喜欢汉堡时,你应说:________A. I like fruit.B. I like hot dogs.C. I like hamburgers.二、填空题11.女孩12.那边有更多的恐龙。
汉译英练习之一:1、唐装是中国的传统服饰。
从字面上看,唐装就是唐朝的服装,但是现代版的唐装与此没有任何关系,它起源于清朝的满族服饰。
2001年APEC会议上各国政要身着唐装亮相,从那时起,这款新型服饰才流行起来并在国内外大受欢迎。
唐装结合了中国的传统因素和西方的剪裁艺术。
服装的基本造型是中式领子,对襟,手工盘扣,为了外型更美观,肩部加了衬垫。
2、上世纪70年代末,为了控制人口增长,中国开始实行计划生育政策。
如今全国独生子女数量已超2亿。
他们的出现给家庭成员的关系带来了许多变化。
与有兄弟姐妹的孩子相比,独生子女有某些缺点,他们被称为惯坏了的“小皇帝”。
但同时,他们也有一定的优势,如自尊心、独立性和自我意识较强。
他们不应被视为“问题孩子”,他们是中国的未来和希望。
3、黄河,长5464千米,是中国的第二长河,世界第五长河。
若把中国比作昂首挺立的雄鸡,黄河便是雄鸡心脏的动脉(artery)。
在中国古代史上,黄河被称为中华民族的“母亲”,她哺育了千千万万中华儿女。
黄河流域是中华民族的“摇篮(cradle)”,也是中国文化发祥地。
在古代,这里曾经草木茂密,植物丰盛,我们的祖先便在这块广大的土地上劳动生息。
4. 木偶戏可以说是中国最古老的民间艺术(folk art)形式之一,其历史可追溯到2000多年前。
到了宋代(Song Dynasty),所有社会阶层似乎都喜欢上了木偶戏。
中国的民间艺术家们使用包括木头、布、线在内的各种原材料来制作木偶(puppet)。
表演木偶戏时,对话有时还伴着民歌和舞蹈。
其主题一般来自于儿童故事、寓言、神话和传说。
5. 相传有一年天下闹瘟疫,八仙(The Eight Immortals)想到东海瀛洲采药解除人间的瘟疫。
八位仙人约定八月十五在崂山山顶会面。
会面后,各自拿出自己的宝物(charm),倚物渡海。
面对烟波浩淼的大海,徐徐清风扑面而来。
八位仙人说说笑笑向大海彼岸漂去。
之后民间流传谚语“八仙过海,各显神通”,比喻人们做某件事情或竞赛时,各自都有一套办法或本领。
单词拼写(汉译英)2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. .填空题(共 34小题) (2018?常州)一 How much time do you need to carry on with the project ? -Another four (四)days . 【解答】四four ,基数词,作定语. 故答案为four . (2018?常州)Do you know what the exact population (人 口) of China is ? 【解答】人口 population ,集合名词,做主语. 故答案为population . (2018?常州)Fin ally , we man aged to hand out all the 1 , 000 p osters with (凭借)other's hel p . 【解答】凭借with ,介词,构成介词短语,作状语. 故答案为with . (2017 ?常州)Every year , milli ons (百万)of people don ate money to the Hope P roject . 【解答】答案:millions 百万:million ;句意表达的是抽象数量,且后接 of 短语,单位词 million 要用复数形式. (2017?常州)I will be happy if Sandyaccepts (接受)my offer . 【解答】答案:accepts 接受:accept ;句中if 连接条件状语从句,且句意表达的是将来; 条件状语从句中要用现在时态代替将来时态,从句中的主语的第三人称单数,谓语动词 要用三单形式.(2017?常州)rve never regretted (后悔)the decision to work in West China . 【解答】答案:regretted . 根据提示汉语结合语境推测句意是 ”我从不后悔去中国西部工作的决定. ”,根据句意结 合设空处前面的rve 判断用现在完成时,填动词的过去分词, ”后悔”的英文是regret , 所 以答案是:regretted (2017?常州) He has a special ability (能力)to write with two hands at the same time . 【解答】答案:ability . 根据提示汉语结合语境推测句意是 "他有一种特殊的能力,能够同时用两个手写字. 根据设空处前面的形容词 special 判断填名词,"能力”的英文是ability ,所以答案是:ability8. (2015?常州)The girl tried her best , but she got little (少)progress.【解答】答案:little .根据she got (少)progress.可知在这里progress是一个不可数名词,修饰不可数名词的时候表示”少"单词是:little .故填little .9. (2015?常州)Qtan Xuesen is one of the greatest pioneers (开拓者)of China's spacetech no logy.【解答】答案:pioneers.根据Qtan Xuesen is one of the greatest——(开拓者)of China's space tech no logy •可知这里是说钱学森是中国航空工业最伟大的开拓者之一•这里考查的是开拓者这个单词,开拓者的英语说法是pioneer,再根据one of…:表示…其中之一, 后面跟可数名词复数形式,在这里表示总体的范围,pioneer的复数直接加s.故填pioneers.10. (2015?常州)Every one hopes to live in the world peacefully (和平)with no wars .【解答】答案:P eacefully.根据Every one hopes to live in the world —(和平)with no wars ,可知大家都希望过没有战争的和平生活•这里缺少的是"和平”的英语说法,它的英语说法是peace,在这里它修饰动词短语live in the world,所以要用副词形式,它的副词形式是Peacefully .故填peacefully.11. (2015?常州)根据句意用括号内所给词的适当形式填空.Though Money isn't everything , it still matters (要紧) a lot to the poor.【解答】答案:matters.根据汉语意思"要紧”,可知它的英语说法是matter,再根据it still , 可知这里的主语是it,它是一个第三人称单数,所以后面的谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式,matter的第三人称单数形式直接加s.故填matters.12. (2014?常州)The CN Tower in Canada is 1 , 815 feet in height (高).【解答】答案:height句中所填单词在介词后面,应该用名词形式;in height高度,在高度上.故填height.13. (2014?常州)The cat is lying comfortably (舒适)under the tree with her eyes halfclosed.【解答】答案:comfortably .本题考查了副词,副词要放在系动词的后面和实意动词的前面.故填comfortablely .14. (2014?常州)He donated all his savings to local education in his nineties (九十).【解答】答案:nineties .本题考查基数词.in one's+基数词的复数表示在某人多大的时候;ninety表示九十,所以用ninety的复数形式.故填nineties.15. (2014?常州)- Why did you shout ?-I felt something hit (击中) me on the head.hit . feel 后跟动词原形,feel sb/sth do sth .故填 hit .Steve n's exam results put him among(在…中)the top stude nts of theclass.联系语境,根据汉语提示词 ”在…中”可知与表范围的词有关;根据后面the top students ofthe class 可知范围应是指班里最优秀的学生,肯定是指三者或三者以上,所以应该用介词among ,意为"在…中”,而且表示的范围是三者或三者以上.符合句意及用法.故填 写 among .17. (2013?常州)Excuse me, how far is the museum ?On ly threestops away .【解答】答案:three联系语境,根据句子的关键部分 Only …(三)stops away .可知这句是指到博物馆只有 三站的距离,结合汉语提示词 "三",很显然应该用其基数词,表示数量,"三"的基数词形式为three .故填写three .18. (2013?常州)When the boy rushed across the finishing line , his mother cheered with an excited (兴奋的) look on her face . 【解答】答案:excited 联系语境及汉语提示”兴奋的”,可知应填入一个"兴奋的"形容词来做look 的定语.有两 个词都可以表达”兴奋的".exciting : adj .令人兴奋的,使人激动的,主语是物或事excited : adj .兴奋的,处于激动状态的;主语为人较多.根据本句的主语为 his mother ,此处指 母亲脸上带着兴奋的表情,所以此处应该用excited .故填写excited . 19. (2013?常州) The more children are encouraged (鼓励),the more progress they will make . 【解答】答案:encouraged 联系语境,根据关键部分 children are ・・・(鼓励),可知本句的主语为 children ,结合汉语 提示词”鼓励”,可知主语children 是谓语动词”鼓励”的动作承受者,意为孩子被鼓励,根 据系动词are ,可知此处是一般现在时的被动语态,其结构为 is/am/are+及物动词的过去 分词;动词”鼓励”为encourage ,其过去分词为 encouraged.故填写 encouraged .20.( 2012?常州)Four of the nine (九) computers in our office broke down , so we had them【解答】答案:16. (2013?常州)【解答】答案: amongrep aired .【解答】答案:nine .根据提示汉语结合语境推测句意是"我们办公室九台电脑中有四台出了故障,所以我们找人修理了电脑.由设空处后面的可数名词复数 computers 判断设空处应填基数词表示数量,提示词"九"是nine ,所以答案是:nine21. (2012?常州)I want to buy a set of new furniture (家具)to match the style of the flat .【解答】答案:furniture . 根据提示汉语结合语境推测句意是”我想买一套新家具搭配公寓的风格.”,由设空处放在形容词new 后面判断设空处应填名词, 提示词"家具"是furniture ,且是一个不可数名词,所以答案是:furnitureon more clothes because the temperature will drop to five【解答】答案:below .22. (2012?常州)You need to putdegrees below (在…以下)zero .根据提示汉语结合语境推测句意是 "你需要多穿衣服,因为气温将会下降到零下五度. 由设空处表示的是温度方面的"在…以下”判断设空处应填介词below ,所以答案是:below23. (2012?常州)He is tall and strong now , but you can't imagine he weighed (重) only2kilos at birth .【解答】答案:weighed .根据提示汉语结合语境推测句意是"他现在又高又强壮,但是你很难想象他出生时只有两 千克.",由设空处放在主语 he 后面作谓语 判断设空处应填动词,提示词 ”重"是weigh ,设空处句子表述的是过去的事情,所以用动词过去式,故答案是:weighed24. (2012?常州)rm sorry to hear that the dog you once played a trick onbit (咬) you onthehand .【解答】答案:bit .根据提示汉语结合语境推测句意是”听说你曾经捉弄的那条狗咬了你的手我很遗憾.句子中的you once played a trick on 是定语从句,修饰前面的名词 dog ,由宾语从句表述的是过去的事情判断设空处应填动词过去式,提示词 ”咬"是bite ,其过去式为 bit .所以答案是:bit25. (2011?镇江)The charity event is _over_ (结束). We all think it is a great success .【解答】答案:over;该题考查学生对词汇的积累;根据汉语提示, "结束”翻译为: end、finish、over;根据句中的系动词is可知该空应填over;故填over.26. (2011?镇江)I dislike this channel because few (少数)programmes on it are interesting .【解答】答案:few根据其后修饰的名词"programmes"可知是可数名词的复数形式.少数有few与little , few修饰可数名词复数,little修饰不可数名词.故答案为few.27. (2011?镇江)Ice turns into water when the temperature is above (超过)0C.【解答】答案:above above表示等级"在…之上、超过…"的意思,要结合本题的0度-表示数字,要用”超过”,故填above28. (2011?镇江)- Which of these shirts do you like best ?-ril take none (没有).They are both expensive and out of fashion .【解答】答案:none根据"They are both expensive and out of fashion .",可知说话者不喜欢所有的衬衣,一件也不喜欢,一件也不会买,也就是对所有的衬衣进行了否定,全部的否定用不定代词none,故答案为none.29. (2011?镇江)The book he is fond of describes (描述)how birds live .【解答】答案:describes本句是复合句,其中he is fond of做定语从句,修饰名词book, 意思为"他喜欢的那本书”,由此可知主语是book. "how birds live"是宾语从句,是动词”描述"的内容.故此处的”描述"为谓语动词,故用describe,又因为主语book为第三人称单数,故答案为:describes30. (2010?常州)As soon as they got (到达)to the hotel, they held a meeting at once .【解答】答案:got 根据As soon as they _______ (到达)to the hotel , they held a meeting at once.可知他们一到旅馆,就立刻举行了一次会议. As soon as引导时间状语从句,”就…",根据主句they held a meeting at onee .是一般过去时态.可知上文应该用一般过去时态.到达,get,过去式为got.故填:got.31.(2010?常州)After Jim answered the phone , he rushed out of the house immediately (立即).【解答】答案:immediately 根据After Jim answered the phone, he rushed out of thehouse ______ (立即).可知在Jim接完电话之后,他立即冲出了屋子.立即,immediate, 形容词.修饰动词rush,应该用副词,故填:immediately .32.(2010?常州)Kids_under_ (低于) 5 years old can't play with this kind of toy .【解答】答案:under.根据句意和汉语提示得知这里表示年龄小于五岁,英语中用under5 years old表示,故用介词under,指低于,不到.33.(2010?常州)The dresses themselves (本身)are made of com mon materials , but theysell well because of the famous designer.【解答】答案:themselves.根据句意和中文”本身"提示,得知这里是反身代词作为the dresses的同位语,the dresses是第三人称复数,故用themselves34. (2010?常州)He seldom rep lies (回复)to the e- mails his frie nds send him .【解答】答案:rep lies .根据句意和汉语提示得知信息词是rep ly,句中seldom是个频率副词常常与一般现在时连用,主语是he,故用reply的三单形式replies。
初一英语汉译英试题答案及解析1.【1】他喜欢和人们谈话。
He likes to people.【答案】talk with【解析】句意:他喜欢和人们谈话。
故答案是talk with.【2】他每天早上7点一刻起床。
He gets up at every morning.【答案】a quarter past seven【解析】句意:他每天早上7点一刻起床。
故答案是a quarter past seven。
【3】对付老人你有一套吗?Are you old people?【答案】good with【解析】句意:对付老人你有一套吗?故填good with。
【4】今天你想做什么运动?sports do you want to play ?【答案】What【解析】句意:今天你想做什么运动?故填What.【5】他在游泳俱乐部吗?Is he in the ?【答案】swimming club【解析】句意:他在游泳俱乐部吗?故填swimming club.【考点】完成句子。
2.翻译句子【1】每年许多人在交通事故中受伤。
【答案】Every year many people get hurt in traffic accidents.【解析】get hurt受伤,Every year每年。
据句意用一般现在时态。
【2】为什么不上楼并看一看呢?【答案】Why not go upstairs and have a look?【解析】Why not+动词原形?为什么不做……呢?go upstairs and have a look上楼并看一看。
【3】桌子上有多少模型飞机?【答案】How many model planes are there on the table?【解析】How many model planes多少模型飞机,据句意此句是there be句式的特殊疑问句。
【4】他们正在寻找靠近我们学校的一间公寓吗?【答案】Are they looking for an apartment next to our school?【解析】look for寻找, next to在……附近。
第二讲英汉词义对比与翻译中根据语境选词一、语境与意义的关系概述词是语言中能自由运用的音义结合体,是构成句子的最基本的单位,所以词的意义直接影响读者对句子甚至对整个篇章的理解。
虽然在翻译的过程中一般以句子为翻译单位,但如果不能把词的意思准确地翻译出来,势必会影响到对整个句子甚至对整个篇章的翻译。
由此可见词在翻译中的重要性。
在选词时,我们除了要注意词的基本含义(概念意义)外,也要明白翻译中的选词更多地受到诸多因素的影响。
语境可分为¡°微观语境(Microcontext)¡±和¡°宏观语境(Macrocontext)¡±,前者主要指词的搭配,包括词组、分句、句、句段、文本或篇章、体裁;后者指非语言因素,即社会、文化、历史因素。
同一个词,在不同的语境中,其涵义、词义广狭、感情色彩、文体色彩、文化色彩等不尽相同。
语境决定词的涵义、词义的广狭、词的感情色彩和语体色彩以及文化涵义等。
翻译时必须将语境纳入考虑之中,仔细斟酌,才能真正取得好的翻译效果。
⏹长期以来,中国学生在学习英语的过程中,尤其在学习英语单词的过程中总喜欢通过其汉语意思记忆单词,久而久之,就形成了一种“怪圈”,即一个英语单词对应一个中文意思(一个汉语词),翻译的时候,往往就会将英语单词与汉语词一一对应起来,结果造成翻译中用词不当的现象。
或者,有时在翻译中遇到不知该如何在目的语中进行表达,只靠单纯地查阅英汉词典或汉英词典,结果发现,英语的汉译文不够通顺,搭配不当,汉语的英译文就让人感觉词不达意。
实际上,英语单词与汉语词并非一一对应的关系,而应根据词所在的语境决定词在上下文中的涵义、词义的广狭、词的感情色彩词、词的语体色彩、词的联想意义等,然后根据这些意义在目的与中选择恰当的对应词(eqiuvalent).⏹Leech(利奇)在《语义学》中列举了七种意义类型:概念意义(conceptual meaning)内涵意义(connotative meaning)风格意义(stylistic meaning)情感意义(affective meaning)联想意义(reflected meaning)搭配意义(collocative meaning)主题意义(thematic meaning)⏹概念意义是意义的中心部分,是客观事物的反映与概括,也就是说,概念意义就是词典里收录的释义,具有约定俗成的特点;内涵意义是词汇的喻义和引申意义,是附加在概念意义之上的意义,不同的语境中,词的内涵意义不尽相同;风格意义指在不同的场合中词汇的运用会呈现不同的层次,不同历史时期、不同的说话人、不同的交际手段和方式等都会影响到词汇的风格意义;情感意义用来表达说话者的感情和态度,取决于词所描述的对象;联想意义是能引起听者或读者联想的意义,有些词可以引起愉快的联想,而有的词可以引起不愉快的联想,尤其是在不同的文化中,词的联想意义有很大的区别。
山东专升本英语(翻译)模拟试卷2(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 5. TranslationTranslationSection BDirections: Translate the following Chinese into English.1.众所周知,钻石是最坚硬的物质。
正确答案:It is well-known that diamond is the hardest substance. 涉及知识点:汉译英2.请把你要的东西清理出来并把其余的全扔掉。
正确答案:Please sort out what you want and throw away the rest. 涉及知识点:汉译英3.这本书的价钱比他们预计的要稍高一些。
正确答案:The price of the book is somewhat higher than they have expected. 涉及知识点:汉译英4.他不写了,因为他的笔没有墨水了。
正确答案:He stopped writing because his pen had run out of ink. 涉及知识点:汉译英5.有经验的人能立即辨别出哪个是真的。
正确答案:Experienced people can tell which one is real immediately. 涉及知识点:汉译英6.传统上,中国的年轻人在长大并成家之前一直与父母同住。
正确答案:Traditionally, Chinese young people live with their parents until they grow up and marry. 涉及知识点:汉译英7.所有老师都很关心我学习方面的进步。
正确答案:All teachers care for my progress in my study. 涉及知识点:汉译英8.他们计划扩展他们在这个领域的研究。
正确答案:They plan to extend their research in this field. 涉及知识点:汉译英9.卫星不仅能够传送电视广播,而且能够传送电话。
六年级下册小升初英语专项训练-英汉互译(二)通用版(含答案解析)一、单选题1.当你想问Miss White她是哪里人时,你应该问:A. Where are you?B. Where are you from?C. What's your name?2.当别人有可能会遇到危险之前,你会说:A. Be careful.B. Don't worry.3.当你想要问别人哪里是教师办公室的时候,你这样说:A. Where's the teachers' office?B. Is this the teachers' office?4.劳动节A. Children's DayB. Labour Day5.Ben想知道你学校有多少间图书馆,他会问:A. How many classrooms are there?B. How many library are there?C. How many libraries are there?6.你想知道对方在哪里,你应该说:________A. Who are you?B. Where are you?7.当你的玩具不见了时,你可以这样问妈妈:A. Where is my toy?B. Where is my book?C. Where's the boy?8.埃米只有2岁。
A. Amy is only two years old.B. Amy is only two year old.9.当你想告诉别人你不喜欢西瓜时,应该说:A. I like watermelons.B. I don't like apples.C. I don't like watermelons.10.当你想表达自己喜欢汉堡时,你应说:________A. I like fruit.B. I like hot dogs.C. I like hamburgers.二、填空题11.女孩12.那边有更多的恐龙。
新高考英语读后续写汉译英翻译练习班级考号姓名总分1.我看到了我父亲努力工作的身影,并想到了他的话:“工作是成长的一大步”。
2.我意识到我的劳动很艰难,但我的成长和我们的整个家庭都依赖于我父母的辛勤工作!3.我决定把我挣来的钱像我父亲一样用来支持我的家庭。
4.我以前不愿意与陌生人交流,但现在我知道,善良和真诚可以打破任何障碍。
5.我拿出自己的钱,骄傲地交给了爸爸。
6.他看了一眼,他就知道他们在做什么。
7.每次我们到了一个新的地方,妈妈都会像个孩子一样高兴起来。
8.她的眼睛在看到早饭的时候睁大了。
9.当我们疲惫但精彩的旅程结束后回到酒店时,妈妈会拥抱我们,亲吻我们的脸。
10.她多么可爱啊!尽管她粗心、健忘,但她从不忘记向我们表达她的爱。
11.比预期的要快得多,他就带着一个空篮子回来了。
12.在他的一生中,他从来没有得到过这么多的爱和温暖。
13.当他发现一切都是他的时,他高兴得说不出话来,但他那明亮的笑脸表明了他的心迹。
14.他坚持要我接受它,但我没有接受。
15.我回到车里,想这个男孩有一天会原谅另一个孩子,然后将这份原谅传递。
16.他教会我生命是一种礼物,应该珍惜,而不是浪费。
17.我们开车经过她和她丈夫住的小区。
18.为了制造电灯泡,他尝试了许多材料,这些材料见证了他的决心、努力和失败。
19.我们能做的就是慢慢沿着原路回去。
20.老妇人把食物递给搬运工,向他道歉,说她不应该怀疑他、把他当作贼。
21. 我在其他女孩面前抱怨的原因是我像融入她们,在这个团体中获得归属感。
22.弄明白他们为什么来以后,那个上了岁数的看门人邀请他们进去。
23.一个人只有用心去看,才能看到真实。
24.决定我们一生的,不是我们的能力,而是我们的选择。
25.我的妻子上个星期从楼梯上滑倒摔下来把手腕给扭了。
26.挂了电话以后,我开始紧张了。
27.我说没必要如此沮丧。
28.她往草莓上洒了一点糖。
29.我看到了浪花在拍打海岸。
30.左边我看到孩子穿着各种颜色的游泳衣在堆沙堡,在水中泼着水并且大笑着。
汉译英(2)1、我们大家深受感动,结果把所有的零用钱都给了那个穷男孩。
We were all so moved that we gave all our pocket money to the poor boy.2、他们日以继夜地工作,为了能按时修建起这座大桥。
They worked day and night so that they could build the bridge on time.3、我认为买一本大的英汉词典很有必要。
I think it necessary to buy a big English-Chinese dictionary.4、他的话听起来很合理,但是我们不知道他是否说了实话。
What he said sounded reasonable, but we wondered if he had really told the truth.5、我们宁可步行也不愿意挤乘这么拥挤的公共汽车去学校。
We would rather go to school on foot than push our way into the crowded buses.6、他说什么并没有关系,重要的是他怎么干。
It doesn’t matter what he says. What is important is how he works.7、碰巧我有一张上海地图,因此没有迷路。
It so happened that I had a map of Shanghai with me, so I didn’t get lost.8、这已不是我第一次来上海了。
我第一次来上海时对所见所闻都觉得有趣。
It’s not the first time that I have visited Shanghai. When I came for the first itme, everythingI saw and heard seemed interesting to me.9、除非你说实话,否则你不会得到我们的帮助。
You won’t get our help unless you tell us the truth.10、你打个电话给她,她马上就会把你所需要的东西送来的。
Call her and she will immediately bring you what you need.11、像那样谈论是没有用的。
我们必须制定一个计划,然后加以实施。
It’s no use talking like that. We must make a plan and realize it.12、你真好,提醒了我这个重要的会议。
It’s so kind of you to remind me of the important meeting.13、当我们听到他被选为队长的消息,我们禁不住欢呼起来。
We couldn’t help cheering up when we learned the news that he had been made captain.14、如果有必要,我会请人把剩下的票都买下来。
If necessary, I’ll have the remaining tickets bought.15、只要你让我管这个孩子,我就会使他用功。
So long as you let me take care of the child, I’ll make him work hard.16、任何不守规则的人都要受到惩罚。
Anyone who doesn’t obey the rules will be punished.17、他们一定挺忙的,因为他们必须准备考试。
They must be very busy, as they have to prepare for the test.18、你一定丢失了什么东西,不然不会看起来这么担忧。
You must have lost something, or you would not look so worried.19、据报道,那个国家的军队正在攻击它的邻国。
It is reported that the forces of that country are attacking its neighbouring country.20、你真幸运,你的数学老师被认为是全校最好的老师。
You are really lucky to have that maths teacher, who is regarded as the best in the school. 21、直到所有的病人都得到了治疗,医生才离开他的办公室。
The doctor did not leave his office till all the patients had been treated.22、随着上海的发展,上海人民的生活条件已大为改善。
With the development of Shanghai, people’s living conditions have been greatly improved.23、有老师的帮助和鼓励,学生们取得了越来越好的成绩。
With the teachers’help and encouragement, the students are making greater and greater progress.24、我从未看到过这么振奋人心的足球赛,它比我想象的精彩得多。
I’ve never watched such an exciting football game. It is much more wonderful than I expected.25、只有当你理解领会了这种知识,才能把它记住。
Only when you understand the kind of knowledge, can you learn it by heart.26、他们来上海已经有一个半月了,但至今还未找到工作。
It is already one month and a half since they came to Shanghai, but so far they haven’t got jobs.27、过了一个月他才回家,结果他的叔父已经离开了。
It was a month before he returned, only to find his uncle gone.28、请把书刊放回原处。
Please put the books and magazines where you took.29、“有了决心就会有方法”,这是一条常见的英语谚语。
“Where there is a will, there is a way,” which is a common English proverb.30、我们除了等待进一步的消息外什么也干不了,尽管我们并不愿意那么做。
We could do nothing but wait for further information, though it is not what we wish to do.31、但愿我能给你一点帮助,但事实上我自己也只能依靠别人。
I wish that I could help you, but in fact I myself have to depend on others.32、如果你坚持要我一个人去,我愿意服从你的命令。
If you insist that I should go alone, I will obey your order.33、我希望我所有的学生都能进入他们想进的大学。
I hope all of my students will enter the universities where they wish to study.34、要是当初你听了张老师的劝告,你就不会惹上这麻烦。
If you had followed Mr Zhang’s advice at that time, you could have avoided the trouble. 35、虽然他已是班上最好的学生,他仍不满足自己的成绩。
Though he is already a top student in the class, he doesn’t feel satisfied with his achievements.36、看到孩子们拿鲜花走进大厅,我们全都站了起来。
Seeing the children entering the hall with flowers in their hands, we all stood up.37、不仅是老人容易生心脏病,许多年轻人也可能因患心脏病而病倒。
Not only old people are likely to suffer from heart trouble, but many young people may e down with that disease too.38、不看电视我们也能知道世界大事。
我们可以看报来获得消息。
Without watching television we can also know what is going on in the world. We can get information by reading newspapers.39、你要成功,就必须抓住每一个机会。
If you want to be successful, you’ll have to catch hold of every chance that comes to you.40、不会好好利用时间的人是不可能大有作为的。
Those who can’t make good use of time will not be very successful.41、学好一门功课是费时间的。
你不要期望在短期内创造奇迹。
It takes time to learn a subject well. You can’t expect to make wonders in a short time.42、我的家乡发生了这么大的变化,我都认不出它来了。
Such great changes have taken place in my hometown that I can hardly recognize it.43、在外出旅行前,你最好先弄清楚你可能要花多少钱。
Before you go on a journey,you’d better make it clear how much money you are going to spend.44、尽管他自己有麻烦,但仍旧时时为别人着想。