考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文
1. Indeed , the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber ( without an
actual monkey to eat it ) was enough
to induce resentment in a
female
capuchin .
结构：
• Indeed , the mere presence of a grape in the other
chamber [主] ( without an actual monkey to eat it ) was [系]
enough [表] to induce resentment in a female capuchin [状]
单词：
Induce vt.引起 引诱 劝说
Deduce vt.推断
Reduce vt.减少
Resentment n.不满 词组：
Enough to 足以 足够做
直译：事实上，仅仅在其他房间出现了葡萄（并没有被猴子真正吃掉），就足够引起雌性卷尾猴的不满
译文：的确，仅仅一颗葡萄出现在另一间小室（不管有没有猴子吃它）就足以引发雌性卷尾猴的怨气
2. The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys ,like humans , are guided
by social emotions . In the wild , they
are a co-operative ,
group-living
species .
结构：
• The researchers [主] suggest [谓]
• 宾语从句：that capuchin monkeys [主]
• 插入语：,like humans ,
• are guided [谓（被）] by social emotions [宾] .
高考英语真题长难句分析详解
原句呈现
Why do we often assume that more is more when it
comes to kids and their belongings?
参考译文
当涉及到孩子和他们的财产时，为什么我们经常认为越多越好？
句式分析
整体分析：本句为主从复合句。
1.Why do we often assume that more is more 为主句。同时，又可以切分为 we often assume 和that more is more 两部分，前为主句，后为宾语从句。
2. when it comes to kids and their belongings为时间状语从句。
重点词汇
• assume that假设
• when it comes to当提到…
• belongings财物; 动产; 家眷; 亲属
原句2
原句呈现
The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier
than I did how to live more with less.
参考译文
好消息是我可以帮助自己的孩子
比我更早的时候，如何用更少的钱更好地生活。
句式分析
整体分析：本句为主从复合句。
. The good news is为主句。
. that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did
how to live more with less为表语从句。句中learn earlier
than I did how to live more with less做状语。这一状语还可以切分。
重点词汇
• own自己的事物; 自己人; 拥有; 承认; 自己的; 特有的 • kids小孩( kid的名词复数 ); 年轻人; 小山羊
• learn得知; 学会; 习得; 记住; 学习; 认识到; 获知
1 英语四级阅读长难句句子结构分析(8)
分隔结构
含有分隔结构得复杂句通常是指那些句子结构主谓、谓宾、宾补之间存在着其他成分。而有时这些介入成分又较长，从而使本来应该紧联在一起得句子成分被分隔开了。另外还有一种分隔结构是同位语和定语同它们所修饰得成分分隔，由于作同位语和作定语得句子太长，而后面得部分又太短，为了保证全句意思表达得完整性常常把同位语或定语放到句子最后，形成分隔得结构。一般来说分隔结构本身不难辨认，但当句子较长，成分较多，被分隔得部分又相距较远时就容易造成理解障碍，而且常常被分隔得成分又恰恰是句子得主干。因此准确判断分隔结构，理顺句子主干就成了理解这类句子得关键。
Exercise
It’s an activity you turn to for pleasure, not something that you have
to do, like helping with the dishes.
While I was waiting to enter university, I saw advertised in a local
newspaper a teaching post at a school in a suburb of London about ten
miles from where I lived.
I launched into a variation of the speech I had made for years, about
how excessive tax rates can take away the incentive to produce, and how
cutting taxes can generate growth.
要点分析和参考译文 2 要点：“an activity”及”not something”在句中作并列表语。介词短语”like helping…” 与 “that” 从句共同作定语，修饰”something”，此定语被that ”从句分割”。
1 英语四级阅读长难句句子结构分析(16)
分词和从句
分词(包括现在分词和过去分词)和分词短语在英语中使用非常普遍，在句子中可以充当补语,定语,状语等成分。在成分复杂的句子中，有时分词的出现易同谓语动词的被动式或者进行时搞混，造成句子主干的判断错误。带有自己主语的分词独立结构由于同非限制性定语从句和插入语一样需要逗号同句子的其他成分分开，因此常会误认为是非限制性定语或插入语。有些从句，尤其是定语从句，其形式变化很多，在句子中也易同其他句子成分混淆。
Excrise
Someone with a history of doing more rather than less will go into
old age more congnitively sound than someone who has not had an active
mind.
When building space on the ground becomes scarce use must be
made of the space in the air.
When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in
some way does not live up to the manufacturer's claim for it, the first step
is to present the warranty or any other records which might help, at the
store of purchase.
要点：句首的someone后有介词短语with a history of doing more
rather than less 对其进行修饰。第二个someone后有一个定语从句 2 who has not had an active mind对其进行修饰。“sound”在此句中的意思为“健康，健全”。
