英语长难句重点解析
万学·海文
近些年考研英语试卷中，考生普遍认为难度较大的是长难句的理解与翻译。这些句子一般为多个从句，因此分析长难句或者翻译长难句，首要解决的应该是弄清楚从句以及从句之间的关系。然而，“看花容易，绣花难”，究竟该如何攻克考研英语中的难点长难句呢？万学海文考研辅导专家为09年考生浓缩了以下对策：
观其“形”
这里的“形”指的是从比较中总结这类句子的特点。长难句其实并不难，它仅仅是将多个从句或者较复杂的从句呈现在了考生面前，只要了解考查点，熟悉从句几种形式，再复杂的长句也称不上难句了。
长难句的一般形式包括名词性从句，形容词性从句（即定语从句），状语从句。其中，名词性从句又包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
为了同学们更便于理解，接下来给大家分别举几个例子助“消化”。
例一：Robert Fulton once wrote, "The mechanic should sit down among levers,
screws, wedges, wheels, etc. ,like a poet among the letters of the alphabet ,
considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement
transmits a new idea. "
【句子主干】
Robert Fulton once wrote, “The mechanic should sit down„, like a „,
considering them as„, in which a„”
【语法难点】
有省略。 1）like„分句是省略了who 的主语从句中的分句，considering„分句是现在分词引导的状语从句。这个状语从句可以拿到句首，也可以在句尾。一般来说较长的状语从句置于句尾，较短的置于句首，为的是使句子看上去显得简洁一些。
一、平行并列结构15个
1．Everyone should know where the nearest fire alarm box is located and
where exits, fire escapes, and fire doors are.
结构：本句有三个谓语动词，其中主句的谓语动词为should know，其余两个都是由where引导的并列宾语从句。本句可以拆分为：
1) Everyone should know.
2) Where the nearest fire alarm box is located.
3) Where exits, fire escapes, and fire doors are.
翻译：每个人都应该知道最近的火灾报警箱的位置，以及安全出口、安全梯及防火门位于何处。
2．The way space is used to enable the individual to achieve privacy, to
build homes or to design cities is culturally influenced.
结构：本句有2个谓语动词，其中第二个is influenced是主句的谓语动词，主干是The way is culturally influenced。第一个is used是定语从句的谓语动词，但是该定语从句省略了引导词。定语从句中三个并列的不定式短语动词to achieve privacy, to build homes or to design cities共同作为is used的目的状语。本句可以拆分为：
1) The way is culturally influenced.
2) Space is used to enable the individual to achieve privacy, to build
homes or to design cities.
高中英语长难句分析
1. For example, adolescent boys are more likely
to
buy computer games than any other group, so it makes sense
to
make
computer game ads that appeal to this group.
2. The more exposed young people are to financial issues, and the younger they become aware of them, the more likely they
are to become responsible, forward-planning adults who manage their finances confidently and effectively.
3. She found that kids praised for “trying hard” did better on testes and were more likely to take on difficult assignments than
those praised for being “smart”.
4. Perhaps more importantly, the better you are at managing the time you devote to your studies, the more time you will have to
spend on your outside interests.
5. He worked there
through
his school and university years until 1942, a year after he had
1. First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in
the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten
the
finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist
who
made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to
dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecolab
polytechnique.
这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，包括一位法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展，她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。
简析：夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语，动名词及两个定语从句。
2. It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of
use of Internet-connected computers, although just about anyone
who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced, the
printers start working overtime. That is, the growing demand for
paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the
Internet.
由于因特网的使用，计算所使用的纸张的数量是很难的，然而几乎任何在办公室工作的人能告诉你，当引进电子邮件后，打印机就开始超时工作。也就是说近年来人们对于纸张的日益需求主要是由于因特网越来越多的使用。
