同济大学英语考博大纲

总则同济《非英语专业博士研究生英语入学考试大纲》（English Entrance Test for Non-English Major Doctorate Students）是根据《非英语专业研究生英语教学大纲》制定的。

其目的是为了帮助考生更好地准备博士生英语入学考试；考核已修完硕士研究生英语学位课程的考生是否达到教学的各项要求及实际掌握运用英语的能力。

一、考试性质及要求专博士生入学英语考试的性质是一种水平考试，主要考核考生实际掌握和运用英语的能力。

教育部《硕士、博士研究生英语教学大纲》明确提出“博士生入学时，其英语水平原则上应达到或略高于硕士生的水平”。

应具有“熟练的阅读能力”、“较好的写作能力”和一定的听说能力。

业因此，博士生入学前应具有相应的外语水平，以适应博士生阶段的学习及研究工作的需要。

专二、考试内容正门本校博士英语入学考试以普通英语为主，题材涉及人物传记，社会风俗、文化、历史、科普等；体裁多样，包括叙述文、议论文、描写文、应用文、说明文等。

词汇量控制在5000—6000常用词（其中中学2000，大学3500，硕士生500—1000单词）。

考试难度略高于硕士入学考试及大学英语六级水平考试。

考试采用主观题、客观题结合的方式：主观题占45%，客观题占55%。

考试项目包括：听力15%；词汇15%；Cloze10%；阅读理解25%；翻译15%；写作20%；满分100分。

考试时间：180分钟，共96小题。

正门对面第一部分：听力理解（Part I：Listening Comprehension）（15%）共15题，考试时间20分钟。

包括三小节：Section A（5题）主要测试考生理解特定或具体信息的能力；考生根据听到的一段180—220词的独白或对话，填充表格中的空白。

录音材料播放两遍。

48号Section B（5题）：主要测试考生理解具体或总体信息的能力。

要求考生根据听到的一般280—320词的独白或对话，补全句子或简短回答问题。

同济大学考博辅导班：2019同济大学外国语学院考博难度解析及经验分享同济大学2019 年计划面向全国招收攻读博士学位研究生1200 名左右，含少数民族高层次骨干人才计划博士生专项计划 4 名左右，对口支援西部高校定向培养博士生专项计划12 名左右，与科研院所联合培养博士生计划20 名左右。

上述招生计划以教育部最终下达为准。

本年度招生将进行两次，实行申请考核制，第一次招生不设置初试环节，报名时间2018 年10 月，考核时间为2018 年12 月，入学时间为2019 年 3 月，有10 个学院参加;第二次招生预计报名时间2018 年12 月，入学时间为2019 年9 月，所有学院都参加。

我校博士生招生实行“申请-考核”选拔机制。

下面是启道考博辅导班整理的关于同济大学外国语学院考博相关内容。

一、院系简介同济大学的外语教学研究与建校历史同长，德语教学的历史更是近代中国德语教育的缩影。

一个多世纪以来，同济外语人不畏时艰、奋斗不止，诸多巨擘名流先后在此传道授业，成就卓然。

同济外语以德文创业。

1907年秋，德国军医埃里希·宝隆创设“同济德文医学堂”。

学堂始创，便设医学与德文两科。

这也便是同济外语的根基所在。

德文科的教学形式多样，德籍教师曾用格林童话作为教材授课，还出版了当时国内唯一的德语学习刊物《德文月刊》；诗人殷夫在德文补习科学习期间翻译了匈牙利著名诗人裴多菲的《自由与爱情》，闻名中华大地。

1942年德文科更名为新生院；1946年，同济大学设立外国语文学专业，以德国文学为重点。

此时，同济德语教学与科研水平已闻名于海内外，俊彦云集，宛若星辰。

二十世纪的中国德语界，曾有“北冯南张”之说，他们都与同济外语有着重要缘分。

“冯”是指著名诗人、翻译家、教育家冯至,他曾出任同济德文补习科主任。

1987年获联邦德国最高荣誉的“大十字勋章”，是联邦德国、瑞典、奥地利等国科学院外籍院士或通讯院士；“张”是指著名日耳曼学学者、教育家张威廉。

同济大学博士研究生英语综合水平考试大纲总则同济大学博士研究生英语综合水平考试（GET-P）是依照《同济大学博士研究生公共英语课程教学大纲》规定、为完成教学目标而实施的一项标准化考试。

它是博士研究生公共英语课程设置的重要组成部分。

为贯彻执行教学大纲的要求、指导规范该项考试，特制订《同济大学博士研究生英语综合水平考试大纲》。

一、考试目的本考试目的是衡量同济大学博士研究生英语技能知识、检查教学效果和成果、促进提高英语学习水平，并为评价学生学业能力提供参考依据。

二、考试性质与范围本考试属于标准参照性达标考试，兼顾教学检查考核。

考试范围包括《同济大学博士研究生公共英语课程教学大纲》所规定的听、说、读、写四个方面的能力及知识。

三、考试时间、对象与命题本考试每学期举行一次，在学期期末、学生完成两门英语课程学习之后进行。

考试对象为除英语之外的各专业博士研究生。

本考试由外国语学院公共英语教学部负责命题、审题和阅卷，由研究生院培养处和公共英语教学部共同负责实施。

四、考试形式本考试分书面纸质考试和口试两部分；考试秉持测试的客观性和可行性，采用有效试题形式，并保证考试的效度和信度。

五、考试内容书面考试题项包含三部分：听力理解、阅读理解和短文写作。

考试规定时间120分钟。

听力理解（Listening Comprehension）1、测试要求：（a）能听懂日常交际场合中的各种英语会话和交谈。

（b）能听懂英语时事新闻的报道、报告。

（c）能听懂有关历史、文化、教育、科学等方面的英语故事和介绍。

（d）考试时间约20分钟。

2、测试形式：(a)本部分采用多项选择题形式，分两节：Section A与Section B，共20题。

(b) Section A (Listening Conversations) 由10个对话组成，共10题，题后有10秒间隙。

(c) Section B (Listening Passages) 由3篇短文组成，每篇长度约250单词，共10题，题后有10秒间隙。

2024全国博士英语考试大纲The 2024 National Doctoral English Examination Syllabus provides a comprehensive overview of the expectations and requirements for candidates preparing to take the exam. Designed to assess proficiency in English language skills at the doctoral level, the syllabus outlines the key areas of focus and the types of tasks that candidates can expect to encounter. 。

The examination covers four main components: Listening Comprehension, Reading Comprehension, Writing, and Translation. Each component is designed to evaluate different aspects of language proficiency, including understanding, analysis, synthesis, and expression.Listening Comprehension tests candidates' ability to understand spoken English in academic and professional contexts. Candidates will listen to a variety of recordings, including lectures, discussions, and presentations, and answer questions to demonstrate their comprehension of the content, main ideas, supporting details, and speaker's attitude or opinion.Reading Comprehension assesses candidates' ability to understand and analyze written English texts. Candidates will encounter a range of text types, such as academic articles, reports, essays, and literary passages. They will be required to demonstrate their comprehension of the texts by answering questions that test their understanding of main ideas, supporting details, vocabulary, inference, and rhetorical devices.The Writing component evaluates candidates' ability to produce coherent and well-organized written English. Candidates will be presented with prompts or topics and asked to write essays, reports, or other text types. They will need to demonstrate their ability to generate and develop ideas, organize information logically, use appropriate language and style, and support their arguments with relevant examples and evidence.Translation tests candidates' ability to accurately translate English texts into Chinese and vice versa. Candidates will be required to translate passages that cover a range oftopics and genres, including academic, scientific, technical, and literary texts. They will need to demonstrate their understanding of both languages' grammar, vocabulary, and idiomatic expressions, as well as their ability to convey the original meaning and tone of the text.Overall, the 2024 National Doctoral English Examination Syllabus provides a clear outline of the expectations and requirements for candidates preparing to take the exam. By familiarizing themselves with the content and format of the exam, candidates can better prepare and improve their chances of success.。

全国医学博士英语统一考试大纲The National Medical Doctoral English Unified Examination (NMDEUE) is a standardized test designed to evaluate the English language proficiency of medical doctoral candidates across China. This examination is a critical requirement in the process of obtaining a medical doctorate in China. The NMDEUE ensures that medical doctoral students have the linguistic skills necessary to understand and communicate with the global medical community.Section 1: Listening Comprehension (40 minutes)The Listening Comprehension section of the NMDEUE measures a candidate's ability to comprehend spoken English through a series of multiple-choice questions. The examination tests students' ability to identify specific information, extract the main ideas, and infer attitudinal and contextual meanings of audio clips, dialogues, and longer passages. This section tests listening proficiency in different contexts, including academic and everyday life situations, such as medical conferences, patient interviews, discussions with colleagues, and medical instructions.Section 2: Reading Comprehension (75 minutes)The Reading Comprehension section of the NMDEUE measures a candidate's ability to comprehend written English through a series of multiple-choice questions. This section of the exam tests the candidate's ability to identify specific information, extract the main ideas, and infer contextual meaning from articles and academic papers related to medical science. Candidates will be required to read and answer multiple-choice questions based on academic readings such as medical journal articles, pharmacology texts, andpatient histories.Section 3: Writing Skills (85 minutes)The Writing Skills section of the NMDEUE measures a candidate's ability to convey complex medical information in English. Candidates will be required to write a summary, a critique, and a response to a scientific article. This section of the exam tests students' ability to express medical language in a clear, concise, and accurate manner. This section evaluates the student's ability to use appropriate medical terminology, grammar, and syntax in written English. The writing tasks will be based on medical topics drawn from the core syllabus of the medical doctorate program. Section 4: Speaking Skills (20 minutes)The Speaking Skills section of the NMDEUE measures a candidate's ability to articulate complex medical concepts in spoken English. Candidates will be required to answer a series of open-ended questions related to medical science. This section of the exam will test the student's ability to use appropriate medical terminology, grammar, and syntax in spoken English while demonstrating appropriate pronunciation, intonation, and stress. The Speaking Skills section evaluates the student's ability to communicate effectively in academic and professional medical settings.ConclusionThe NMDEUE is an essential component of the medical doctoral program in China. It is a standardized test designed to evaluate a candidate's proficiency in English across the domains of listening comprehension, reading comprehension, writing skills, andspeaking skills. The examination ensures that medical doctoral students in China have the linguistic skills necessary to communicate effectively on a global level. By meeting the criteria set by the NMDEUE, medical doctoral candidates are equipped with the necessary tools to pursue a successful career in the highly competitive medical industry.The NMDEUE is a demanding examination that requires thorough preparation and a high degree of language proficiency. Candidates who intend to take this exam must have a strong foundation in English grammar, vocabulary, syntax, and pronunciation. They must also be familiar with the medical terminology that is used in English-speaking countries.The Listening Comprehension section of the NMDEUE requires candidates to have good listening skills and the ability to identify specific information in a variety of spoken contexts. To prepare for this section, candidates are advised to listen to English-language podcasts, watch English movies or TV shows, and practice taking notes while listening to lectures. It is also helpful to familiarize oneself with various accents and dialects used in English-speaking countries.The Reading Comprehension section of the NMDEUE demands extensive reading comprehension skills and the ability to extract main ideas and critical details from academic papers and articles. Candidates should practice reading medical journals and textbooks in English and learn to annotate and summarize what they have read. They should also study different types of texts, such as scientific articles, case studies, and patient histories.The Writing Skills section of the NMDEUE is a comprehensiveevaluation of a candidate's writing skills. Candidates must be able to write clear and concise sentences, use appropriate medical terminology and syntax, and structure their writing effectively. In preparation, candidates should study different types of writing, including summaries, critiques, and responses to scientific articles. They should also practice organizing their writing and using cohesive and coherent language.The Speaking Skills section of the NMDEUE requires candidates to express themselves clearly, confidently, and effectively in spoken English. To prepare, candidates should practice speaking in English in various contexts, such as medical conferences, patient interviews, and interactions with colleagues. They should also learn how to use appropriate intonation, stress, and pronunciation when communicating in English.In addition to language proficiency, the NMDEUE evaluates a candidate's ability to apply medical knowledge in English. Therefore, candidates must have a deep understanding of medical terminology and concepts. They must be familiar with the core syllabus of the medical doctoral program and have a good grasp of medical sciences, including anatomy, pharmacology, and pathology. They should also be familiar with current trends in medical research and be able to discuss key issues in medical ethics and practice.ConclusionThe NMDEUE is a rigorous examination that evaluates a candidate's language proficiency and knowledge of medicalsciences. It is an essential requirement in the medical doctoral program in China, and passing this examination is crucial for obtaining a medical doctoral degree and pursuing a successful career in the global medical industry.To achieve success in the NMDEUE, candidates must prepare thoroughly and systematically. They should study and practice all four sections of the exam, including listening comprehension, reading comprehension, writing skills, and speaking skills. They should also focus on improving their language proficiency by reading and listening to English-language materials, practicing writing and speaking in English, and building their medical knowledge through systematic study and research.Overall, the NMDEUE is a challenging but rewarding examination that tests a candidate's ability to communicate effectively in English and apply medical knowledge in a global context. By passing the NMDEUE, medical doctoral candidates in China can demonstrate their language proficiency and readiness to excel in the dynamic and competitive field of medicine.。

同济大学考博英语真题及答案真题一题目：请简要阐述人工智能在当今社会的应用。

答案：人工智能在当今社会的应用非常广泛。

它被用于语音识别、图像识别、自动驾驶、智能推荐等方面。

通过深度研究和机器研究算法，人工智能可以模仿人类的思维和决策能力，帮助我们解决很多实际问题。

真题二题目：请简要分析国际贸易对经济发展的影响。

答案：国际贸易对经济发展有很大的影响。

它可以促进资源的有效配置，提高生产效率，扩大市场规模，增加就业机会，并促进技术创新和经济增长。

通过国际贸易，各国可以互相补充，形成合作共赢的局面。

真题三题目：请简要介绍全球气候变化的主要原因。

答案：全球气候变化的主要原因包括人类活动和自然因素。

人类活动导致了大量的温室气体排放，如二氧化碳、甲烷等，加剧了温室效应，导致地球表面温度上升。

自然因素包括太阳辐射变化、火山爆发等。

这些因素共同作用，导致了全球气候的变化和变暖。

真题四题目：请简要解释专利的作用和意义。

答案：专利具有保护创新和鼓励技术进步的作用和意义。

通过获得专利，发明人可以在一定时期内独享其发明的权利，防止他人未经许可使用、制造、销售该发明。

这激励了创新和技术研发，并推动了经济的发展和进步。

真题五题目：请简要分析全球经济一体化对各国的影响。

答案：全球经济一体化对各国有着深远的影响。

它促进了国际贸易和资本流动，增加了经济联系和交流。

各国通过合作共赢，实现资源的互补和优势互补，共同发展和繁荣。

然而，全球经济一体化也带来了竞争压力和风险，需要各国进行合理的经济政策调整和风险管理。

2024年医学考博英语统考大纲2024 Medical Doctoral Program English Exam OutlineIntroduction:The Medical Doctoral Program aims to cultivate high-quality medical professionals with solid theoretical knowledge and practical skills. The English exam is an essential part of the admissions process, testing candidates' language proficiency and ability to comprehend medical-related content. The following outline details the topics and format of the 2024 Medical Doctoral Program English exam.I. Reading Comprehension (50%)1. General Medical KnowledgeCandidates will be required to read a series of passages related to various medical fields, such as anatomy, physiology, pathology, pharmacology, and biochemistry. Questions will test candidates' understanding of key concepts, terminology, and scientific principles.2. Clinical CasesCandidates will be presented with clinical cases, including patient histories, symptoms, and diagnostic results. Questionswill assess candidates' ability to analyze and interpret medical information, identify potential diagnoses, and propose appropriate treatment plans.3. Medical ResearchCandidates will read research articles and studies on current medical topics and advancements. Questions will evaluate candidates' comprehension of research methods, data analysis, and interpretation of results.II. Listening Comprehension (20%)1. Medical LecturesCandidates will listen to recorded medical lectures on various topics, such as internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, and obstetrics. Questions will test candidates' ability to grasp key points, identify important information, and summarize complex medical concepts.2. Doctor-Patient DialoguesCandidates will listen to simulated doctor-patient dialogues, focusing on patient interviews, symptom descriptions, and treatment discussions. Questions will assess candidates' listening skills, as well as their ability to empathize with patients and communicate effectively in medical settings.III. Writing (30%)1. Medical EssayCandidates will be required to write an essay on a given medical topic, expressing their opinions and analysis in a clear and concise manner. Topics may cover issues such as medical ethics, healthcare policies, patient care, and medical education.2. Case AnalysisCandidates will analyze a clinical case study, including patient information, symptoms, and treatment options. Candidates must provide a detailed analysis of the case, offer a differential diagnosis, and propose a course of action based on evidence-based medicine.3. Research ProposalCandidates will develop a research proposal on a specific medical topic, outlining the study objectives, methodology, data collection, analysis plan, and potential implications for clinical practice. Candidates must demonstrate their ability to design and conduct research in a rigorous and ethical manner.Conclusion:The 2024 Medical Doctoral Program English exam aims to assess candidates' language proficiency, critical thinking skills, and readiness for advanced medical studies. By testing candidates' understanding of medical concepts, communication skills, and analytical abilities, the exam ensures that only highly qualified candidates are admitted to the program. Candidates who excel in the exam will have the opportunity to pursue their passion for medicine and contribute to the advancement of healthcare worldwide.。

同济大学博士研究生入学英语考试大纲5篇第一篇：同济大学博士研究生入学英语考试大纲同济大学博士研究生入学英语考试大纲本考试对教材不作统一规定，凡符合下列评价目标的课程及教材都适合考生应考复习。

一、评价目标考生应掌握下列语言知识和技能：(一)语言知识1．语法知识考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识。

本大纲没有专门列出对语法知识的具体要求，其目的是鼓励考生用听、说、读、写的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习，以求考生在交际中能更准确、自如地运用语法知识。

2．词汇考生应能掌握8000-10000左右的词汇以及相关词组。

(二)语言技能1．阅读考生应能读懂不同类型的文字材料(生词量不超过所读材料总词汇量的3％)，包括信函、书报杂志上的文章等。

根据所读材料，考生应能：1)理解主旨要义；2)理解文中的具体信息；3)理解文中的概念性含义；4)进行有关的判断、推理和引申；5)根据上下文推测生词的词义；6)理解文章的总体结构以及单句之间、段落之间的关系；7)理解作者的意图、观点或态度；8)区分论点和论据。

2.翻译(英译中)考生应能将所给的文字材料译成汉语,理解正确,译文达意。

3.写作考生应能正确使用4－5千英语词汇，熟练掌握相关英语习惯用法；应能写不同类型的应用文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告等，还应能写一般描述性、叙述性和说明或议论性的文章。

短文写作时，考生应能：1)做到语法、拼写、标点正确，用词恰当；2)遵循文章的特定文体格式，做到行文流畅，词汇丰富，句式变化；3)合理组织文章结构，使其中心突出，内容统一、上下文连贯；4)根据写作目的和特定读者，恰当选用语言。

二、考试形式、考试内容与试卷结构(一)考试形式考试形式为笔试。

笔试考试时间为180分钟。

满分为100分。

(二)笔试考试内容与试卷结构笔试试题分四部分，包括词汇, 阅读理解, 翻译(英译中)和写作。

第一部分词汇该部分共20小题，每小题0.5分，共10分。

主要测试考生的词汇量。