下载文档原格式
工商管理专业英语答案【篇一：工商管理专业英语(郑琦,华东师范大学出版社)课后习题及翻译】翻译contingent dynamic conflict compromise interdependent reliancepopularitysufficientinsightsgeneralizememoirsclassic management sciencebehavioralintegrate sole1、the managers described their own experiences and triedto (generalize) the principles they believed could be applied in similar situations.管理人员描述了自己的经历和试图推广的原则，他们认为可以应用在类似的情况下。
2、even today ,a great deal of what we know about management comes from the autobiographies and （memoirs）of men and women who are or have been practicing managers.甚至在今天, 我们所了解的管理学也都出自于那些管理人员的自传和论文集。
3、according to the text ,the three well-establishedapproaches to management thought are the (classical) approach ,which focuses on the task of managing work and organizations ;the (behavioral) approach ,which focuses on the task of managing people;and the (managementscience)approach,which focus on the task of production and operations.根据本文，管理思想中有三个行之有效的方法，分别是古典方法、行为方法和管理学科学方法，其中古典方法专注于管理工作和组织的任务,行为方法专注于管理人的任务，管理学科学方法专注于生产和运营的任务。
全国英语等级考试 unit10 hobbies andinterests全国英语等级考试 Unit 10 Hobbies and InterestsHobbies and interests are an essential part of people's lives. They provide individuals with an opportunity to relax, unwind, and pursue activities they are passionate about. In this article, we will discuss the importance of hobbies and interests and explore their benefits on personal and professional development, as well as on overall well-being.1. IntroductionHobbies and interests play a crucial role in one's life, as they contribute to personal growth, relaxation, and the development of new skills. They allow individuals to escape from the pressures of daily routines and engage in activities that bring them happiness and fulfillment.2. Personal DevelopmentEngaging in hobbies and interests can greatly contribute to personal development. Whether it be playing a musical instrument, painting, or practicing a sport, these activities allow individuals to express their creativity and talents. By pursuing their interests, individuals continuously challenge themselves, learn new things, and broaden their knowledge and skills in specific areas.3. Stress ReliefHobbies and interests serve as a means of stress relief. When engrossed in an activity they enjoy, individuals can forget about their worries and focuson the present moment. Taking time for oneself and engaging in activities that bring joy have been proven to reduce stress levels, promote relaxation, and improve overall mental health.4. Social InteractionParticipating in hobbies and interests also provides opportunities for social interaction. Joining clubs, groups, or communities related to one's interests allows individuals to meet like-minded people, make new friends, and expand their social network. Engaging in social interactions centered around shared interests can enhance one's sense of belonging and build valuable relationships.5. Professional DevelopmentHobbies and interests can have a positive impact on professional development as well. For instance, learning a musical instrument or participating in drama classes can develop skills such as discipline, teamwork, and communication. These skills are transferable to various professional settings and can contribute to career advancement and success.6. Time ManagementEngaging in hobbies and interests also requires effective time management. Balancing work, personal commitments, and leisure activities can teach individuals valuable time management skills. By prioritizing their interests, individuals can better allocate their time, enhance their productivity, and maintain a healthy work-life balance.7. Physical and Mental Well-beingCertain hobbies and interests, such as sports or outdoor activities, contribute to physical fitness and overall well-being. Regular exercise through hobbies like cycling, swimming, or hiking improves cardiovascular health, strengthens muscles, and enhances overall physical endurance. Additionally, engaging in mentally stimulating activities, like puzzles or reading, can improve cognitive functions and mental agility.8. Lifelong LearningHobbies and interests provide opportunities for continuous learning. Whether it be exploring new techniques in painting or keeping up with the latest trends in photography, individuals can engage in lifelong learning through their hobbies. This constant learning fosters personal growth, keeps the mind sharp, and cultivates a thirst for knowledge.9. ConclusionIn conclusion, hobbies and interests hold great importance in an individual's life. They contribute to personal growth, stress relief, social interaction, and professional development. Engaging in hobbies and interests not only promotes overall well-being but also brings joy and fulfillment to one's everyday life. Therefore, it is essential to make time for these activities and prioritize them as they play a vital role in a balanced and fulfilling lifestyle.Word Count: 568.。
东北财经大学--工商管理专业学位外语考试参考试卷一、语音题（每空1分，共10分）01、notice['nəutis]A. stomachs['stʌməks]B. houses ['hauziz]C. mouths[mauθ]D. reasonable ['ri:zənəbl]02、winkle ['wiŋkl]A. windy ['windi]B. drink[driŋk]C. footprint ['futprint]D. interesting [ˈɪntrɪstɪŋ]03、shook [ʃuk]A. shoot [ʃu:t]B. food [fu:d]C. shoe [ʃu:]D. wood[wud]04、occasionally [ə'keiʒənəli]A. population[pɔpju'leiʃən]B. Russian['rʌʃən]C. question['kwestʃən]D. television['teli,viʒən]05、pressure ['preʃə]A. directly['direkli]B. oxygen 'ɔksidʒən]C. absence ['æbsəns]D. camera ['kæmərə]06、float [fləut]A. flower ['flauə]B. brown [braun]C. hometown ['həʊmtaʊn]D. bellows['beləuz]07、bulletin ['bulitin]A. bury ['beri]B. Prussian ['prʌʃən]C. bullet['bulit]D. punishment['pʌniʃmənt]08、breach [bri:tʃ]A. break [breik]B. theatre ['θiətə]C. meadow['medəu]D. least[li:st]09、opposite A. companion B. balloon C. stroll D. historic['ɔpəzit] [kəm'pænjən] [bə'lu:n] [strəul] [his'tɔrik] 10、scatter A. laboratory B. separate C. gravity D. various['skætə] [lə'bɔrətəri] ['sepərit] ['ɡræviti] ['vεəriəs] 11、essay A. holiday B. says C. away D. mayor[e'sei]['hɔlədi][sez][ə'wei]['mεə]12、singer A. anger B. tongue C. eager D. single['siŋə]['æŋɡə][tʌŋ]['i:ɡə]['siŋɡl]13、splendid A. watched B. refused C. wretched D. impressed['splendid][wɔtʃd][ri'fju:z ]['retʃid]['impres ]14、owner A. powerful B. brown C. narrow D. power ['əunə]['pauəful][braun]['nærəu][pauə]15、latent A. squirrel B. centigrade C. level D. mend['leitənt]['skwə:rəl]['sentiɡreid]['levəl][mend]16、flood A. loose B. blood C. moon D. noon[flʌd][lu:s][blʌd][mu:n][nu:n]17、mud A. music B. human C. huge D. lung[mʌd]['mju:zik]['hju:mən][hju:dʒ][lʌŋ]18、creature A. effect B. energy C. reduce D. belief['kri:tʃə] [i'fekt] ['enədʒi] [ri'dju:s] [bi'li:f]19、mountain A. explain B. remain C. campaign D. captain ['mauntin][ik'splein][ri'mein][kæm'pein]['kæptin]20、cookie A. frog B. oxygen C. wolf D. obvious['kuki] [frɔɡ] ['ɔksidʒən] [wulf] ['ɔbviəs]21、period A. request B. perseverance C. RecognizeD. require['piəriəd][ri'kwest][pə:si:'viərəns]['rekəɡnaiz][ri'kwaiə]22、geographyA. regretB. envy C. remark D. deck[dʒi'ɔɡrəfi] [ri'ɡret] ['envi] [ri'mɑ:k] [dek]23、replied A. entered B. askedC. stepped D. added [ri'plaid]['entəd][æskt] [stept]['ædid]24、counterA. country B. south C. tough D. enough ['kauntə]['kʌntri][sauð][tʌf][i'nʌf]25、eyebrow A. town B. followC. slow D. fellow['aibrau] [taun] ['fɔləu] [sləu] ['feləu]26、schoolyard A. coo B. cook C. poor D. childhood['sku:ljɑ:d] [ku:] [kuk] [pɔ:] ['tʃaildhud] 27、master A. Alsace B. tiresome C. impress D. unable['mæstə] ['a:əθas] ['taiəsəm] ['impres] [ʌn'eibl]28、twinkle A. windy B. drink C. footprint D. interesting['twiŋkl] ['windi] [driŋk] ['futprint] [ˈɪntrɪstɪŋ]二、单选题（每空1.5分，共30分）01、Since your supervisor has __specified___ the time for a talk, you must make sure that you will be there on time.因为你的上司有特定的时间谈谈,你必须保证你会准时到那儿的。
一、英译中1．Vertical integration –垂直统一管理2．Markup –涨价3．Lead time –订货和交货之间的时间4．Status Quo—现状现存情况或事态5．Market positioning–-市场定位6．Market segment—市场细分7．Executive –主管、高级执行人员8．Supervisor –监督9．Elasticity –弹性10．Differentiation –差异化11．Wholesale–批发商12．Retailer –零售商13．Discount –折扣14．Margin –最低利润15．Media advertising –媒体广告16．Point of Purchase Advertising –售卖场所广告17．Sales representative –销售代表18．Compensation –薪酬19．Gross profit –毛利20．Bidder –投标人二、中译英1. 如今的消费者要面对大量的产品、品牌、价格和生产厂商。
Today’s customers face a vast array of product and brand choices, prices, and suppliers.2. 零售商们需要考虑目标市场和产品定位。
Retailer must consider target markets and product positioning.3. 人员招聘是人力资源管理中的一个重要部分。
Recruitment is a significant part of Human Resource Management (HRM).4. 顾客的满意度和产品质量有关。
Customer satisfaction is relative to product’s quality.5. 每个企业都应该找到自身的竞争优势。
一、名词解释1. The plan of action is, at one and the same time, the result envisaged, the line of action to be followed, the stages to go through, and methods to use.2. Human needs are states of felt deprivation. Humans have manly complex needs. These include basic physical needs for food, clothing, warmth, and safety; social needs for belonging and affection; and individual needs for knowledge and self-expression.3. Customer value is the difference between the values the customer gains from owning and using a product and the costs of obtaining the product.4. Place, another key marketing-mix tool, includes the various activities the company undertakes to make the product accessible and available to target customers.5. Group technology is a concept that currently is attracting a lot of attention from the manufacturing community.6. Issuing bank is obligated to honor drawings under the L/C regardless of the buyer’s ability or willingness to pay.7. Letter of credit is an instrument issued by a bank on behalf of the importer (buyer) promising to pay the exporter (beneficiary)upon presentation of shipping documents in compliance with the terms stipulated therein.8. Leader ship is a personal relationship in which one person directs, coordinates, and supervises others in the performance of a common task.9. Advising bank. The correspondent bank in the beneficiary’s country to which the issuing bank sends the L/C is commonly referred to as the “advising”.10. Marketing mix is one of the key concepts in modern marketing theory. Marketing mix is the set of marketing tools that the firm uses to pursue its marketing objectives in the target market.11. Total quality management means a comprehensive approach to quality by everyone in an organization to provide customers with reliable products and services.二、简答1. What are the features of a good plan of action? P30一个好的行动计划有什么特点：（1）统一性，即一个既能面向整体又能顾及各个部分的行动计划。
工商管理专业英语第一篇：工商管理专业英语工商管理专业英语重点一．名词解释：1.whatisamanager?答：Amanager is a person who plans,organizes,directs,and controls the allocation of human ,material,financial,and information resources in pursuit of the organization’s goals.2.What is the difference between middle managers and first-line managers?答：The heavier emphasis onmanaging group performance and allocating resources represent the most important differences between first-line ang middle managers.3.How can you characterize top-managers’ work?答：Top managers spend most of their day(over 75 percent)planning and leading.pressures and demands on top managers can be intense.4.What is the one of natural outcomes of outsourcing?答：Modular corporations come into being.二．选词填空1.Adrian was in charge of theallocation of available funds.2.Our firm is orientedtowards the export side of the business.3.The on-time delivery of goods is required in the contract.4.Thegraphic displays will be heloful to illustrate the increase of the output.panies cannot survive fierce competition without innovativepersonnels.6.Keeping the accounts is part and parcel of my job.7.The CEO and other high-level executives are often referred to as top management.8.The tasks that managers do include planning,organizing,leading,andcontrolling the work of anorganization.9.Functional managers supervise employees having expertise in one area,such as accounting,humanresources,sales,finance,marketing,or production.10.general managers areresponsiblefor the operations of a more complex unit,such as a company or a division.11.He carried out a number offraudson trusting people who lent him money..12.He would not havesucceeded in such a risky business if he had not been such a clever entrepreneur.13.They could not tell the commcnding officer from his subordinates.14.The two old rivals vie for the frist place.15.Some people cannot be trusted to work wihout supervision.16.Half of the medical supplies have already beenallocated to the victims of the earthquake.17.Can youdifferentiatethis kind of rose from the others?18.The factory haslaid offworkers because of the drop in sales.19.They were blame for their failure to hold downexpenditure.20.The companyhas slashed the costs of the project in order to seize the last chance to survive.21.The company is trying todiversify its range of products so that they can get more market shares.22.Mr.Black realized that his company was in dire straits and it went beyond him to deal with the whole situation.23.Tom, my next door neighbor, isexemptform military service because of his poor health.24.With the economic environment improved , his company’s sale in that area is getting less susceptible to the crisis.25.Mr.White declared that he was notli able for his partner’s debts.26.The employees sued their manager for breach of contract.27.If we cannot keep on holding the edge in the services, we’ll lose our share in market.28.Nowadays, the manufacturing industry cannotmake do without services.29.T o merge or not to merge—that’s the question.The board of the company hasdeferred the decision to do it.30.A country’sinfrastructureservices must develop with its economic growth because no advanced society can be without these services.31.三．翻译英译汉：1.Sometimes, though, a first-line manager is a recent college graduate who is responsible for the work of both hourly employees and professionals.Such a first-line manager is likely to have little hands-on ck of experience isn’t a problem if the new manager is willing to learn and has the competence to communicate with diverse types of people , to coach and counsel subordinates, and to provide constructive constructive feedback.答;然而有时一个第一线经理是新来的大学毕业生，负责管理计时雇员和专业人员的工作。
