2012年中考英语语法考前一网打尽(介词连词)
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中考英语语法知识讲解一、词性【实词】名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词实词是指实在意义,能独立承担句子成分的词,实词有词形的变化。
【虚词】冠词、介词、连词、感叹词与实词相对,虚词没有实在意义,不能独立承担句子成分,虚词没有词形的变化。
1、名词(n.)表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。
[例]boy, morning, orange, clock, etc.2、代词(pron.)主要用来代替名词。
[例]who, she, you, it, etc.3、形容词(adj.)表示人或事物的性质或特征。
[例]good, white, orange, ugly, etc.4、数词(num.)表示数量或事物的顺序。
[例]one, two, three, hundred, etc.5、动词(v.)表示动作或状态。
[例]am, is, think, does, may, etc.6、副词(adv.)修饰动词、形容词、副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。
[例]now, often, slowly, home, hard, very, really, etc.7、冠词(art.)用在名词前,帮助说明名词。
[例]a, an, the.8、介词(prep.)表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。
[例]in, on, at, from, above, under, behind, with, without, to, etc.9、连词(conj.)用来连接词、短语或句子。
[例]and, or, before, when, while, after, as soon as, if, unless, until, because, so, though, but, even if, even though, as if, etc.10、感叹词(interj.)表喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。
[例]oh, well, hi, hello, etc.二、句子成分1、主语句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。
中考重点介词与连词的用法一、介词的用法介词是连接名词、代词、动词或其他词类与句子其他成分之间关系的一类虚词。
下面是一些中考常见的介词及其用法。
1. in表示在某个时间、地点或范围内。
- My birthday is in July.(我的生日在七月。
)- He lives in Beijing.(他住在北京。
)- There are many flowers in the garden.(花园里有很多花。
)2. on表示在某个具体的日期或日子上以及在某个表面上。
- I was born on October 1st.(我出生在十月一日。
)- There is a book on the table.(桌子上有一本书。
)3. at表示在某个时间、地点或某种情况下。
- We have dinner at 7 p.m.(我们在晚上七点吃晚饭。
)- I met him at the park.(我在公园遇到了他。
)4. by表示通过某种方式或方法。
- I usually go to school by bus.(我通常乘公交车去学校。
)- He sent the letter by mail.(他通过邮寄发送了这封信。
)5. for表示某个时间段、目的或原因。
- He has been waiting for two hours.(他已经等了两个小时。
)- I bought this gift for my sister.(我为我姐姐买了这个礼物。
)二、连词的用法连词主要用于连接词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子等。
以下是一些中考常见的连词及其用法。
1. and表示并列关系,连接同类词、短语或句子。
- I like apples and oranges.(我喜欢苹果和橙子。
)- He is tall and handsome.(他又高又帅。
)2. but表示转折或对比关系,连接两个相对的内容。
- She is poor but happy.(她虽然穷,但很快乐。
新世纪教育网 精品资料版权所有@新世纪教育网专题六介词连词测试过关考号:_____ 姓名:__________ 做题时间:45分钟得分:_______介词专练I. 单项选择。
(50分)( ) 1. __ the morning of May, we visited the old man.A. OnB. AtC. InD. With( )2. Most people work ______ the day and sleep ______ night.A. on ; atB. in ; inC. in ; atD. on; on( )3. Lin speaks English best __ the boy students.A. betweenB. withC. onD. among( )4. A wolf ____a sheepskin often makes us confused.A. withB. inC. onD. of( )5.Susan will come back _____ three days.A. afterB. forC. inD. on( ) 6. They gave the bag to us ______ mistake.A. byB. forC. onD. with( ) 7.David left Pu’an ____a cold winter morning.A. atB. beforeC. onD. in( ) 8.Guizhou is _____ the southwest of China.A. inB. onC. toD. off( ) 9. ______my mother’s help, I succeeded in finishing the work.A. UnderB. OnC. WithD. In( ) 10.My father is very strict _____ me an d he’s very strict ___ his work, too.A. with; onB. with ; inC. in ; withD. with ; with( )11.She really can’t agree______ me.A. toB. onC. withD. of( ) 12.The bookstore will open from nine o’clock ______ five pm.A. untilB. atC. duringD. to( )13.How _____ going out for an outing today?A. aboutB. ofC. withD. on( ) 14.I spent most of my money ____lottery(彩票).A. inB. withC. onD. of( ) 15. We are talking ______a low voice.A. withB. inC. onD. about( ) 16.It’s very kind ______you to say soA. forB. toC. ofD. on( ) 17.What will you have ____dinner this evening?A. withB. forC. byD. on( ) 18.An airplane is flying ______the city.A. onB. overC. aboveD. below( ) 19.We are having a good time ______ the party.A. atB. inC. withD. on( ) 20.Ken will stay in the city _____ this weekend.A. toB. onC. tillD. at( ) 21. It’s not right to play jokes ___your teachers.A. inB. ofC. withD. on( ) 22.Which one do you like better? I prefer the bigger one ______the smaller one.A. forB. asC. toD. on( ) 23.We will give them a talk __how to save time.A. forB. withC. inD. on( ) 24.She paid three thousand yuan______ that second-hand motorcycle.A. inB. forC. onD. at( ) 25. The doctor is very patient ____ his patients.A. toB. onC. atD. in( ) 26.Human beings can’t live ______ air.A. inB. withC. withoutD. on( ) 27. The little child is always afraid ____ making any mistakes.A. atB. forC. ofD. about( ) 28.My English teacher was very angry______ me for being late this morning.A. forB. withC. atD. on( ) 29.What do you think ____ the movie, Jim?A. aboutB. likeC. ofD. on( ) 30.My aunt is away from home, so I have to look _____her baby.A. forB. atC. upD. after( ) 31.Reading ___ the sun is bad ____ your eyes.A. under; forB. in ; forC. in ; toD. into; for( ) 32.I won’t believe there are aliens unless I see them_____ my own eyes.A. byB. forC. withD. without( ) 33.They go to school every day ______ Sunday.A. exceptB. withoutC. onD. at( ) 34.We met some dangerous animals while we went _____ the forest.A. inB. betweenC. throughD. across( ) 35.Wade sometimes falls asleep ______ the English lesson.A. forB. throughC. duringD. with( ) 36.Mrs. Wang went to Tokyo______ a few days.A. forB. inC. afterD. before( ) 37.We will leave ______ Paris next month.A. toB. fromC. forD. off( ) 38. Are you going to the station _____bus or _____my car?A. on ; byB. by ; inC. on ; inD. in ; by( ) 39.My grandfather wakes up several times _____ night.A. inB. atC. onD. towards( ) 40. They arrived in Beijing _____ 6 o’clock _____the morning.A. on; inB. at; inC. at; onD. in; on( ) 41. Everyone is here ______Lucy. She is still on the way to school.A.besidesB. aboutC. exceptD. on( ) 42. They sent me a nice toy ______a birthday present.A. onB. asC. forD. to( ) 43. Tom has studied Chinese in this school ______the year of 2009.A. sinceB. inC. onD. by( ) 44. ---What is a toothbrush used for?---It’s used brushing your teeth.A. withB. toC. forD. by( ) 45. English is widely used ______ travelers and business people all over the world.A. toB. forC. asD. by( ) 46. The paper is made _____ wood.A. ofB. fromC. inD. on( ) 47. Hong Kong is ______ the south of China and Macao is ______ the west of Hong Kong.A. in; toB. to; toC. to; inD. in; in( ) 48. In order to catch up _____ others, I study harder than ever.A. inB. ofC. withD. off( ) 49.There are many bananas ______the tree. A money ______the tree is picking a banana.A. in; onB. on; inC. in; atD. on, on( ) 50. This afternoon we will play a football game _____Class Two.A. aboutB. byC. againstD. inII.用正确的介词填空。
2012中考英语连词知识梳理(一)连词概述连词是连接单词、短语或句子的一种虚词。
在句中不单独作句子成分。
历年中考中常考并列连词and,but,neither… nor;从属连词now that,though,when。
所以了解状语从句和宾语从句的真正意义有助于正确使用从属连词。
(二)基础知识梳理1.并列连词用来连接彼此并列的词、短语或句子。
并列连词有and,or,but,so,for,nor等。
2.关联连词有both…and,either… or,neither…nor,not only…but also,as well as,as much as等。
3.连接性副词有however,therefore,besides,yet,anyway,still,all the same等。
4.并列连词和连接性副词存在以下的区别:1)连接两个独立的分句时,并列连词的位置只能放在它所引导的分句的句首,前面通常有逗号。
如:I must work hard, for I still have a long way to go.They all went, but I didn't go.2)连接性副词的位置比较灵活,句中、句首、句末都可以。
但是放在句首较为普遍。
如:Mother was ill, therefore, she stayed at home yesterday.= Mother was ill, she therefore, stayed at home yesterday.= Mother was ill, she stayed at home yesterday, therefore.3)两个并列连词不可以连用。
如:He tried hard.and but he failed to get the job.此句中的but应改为yet。
因为and和but都是连词。
5.从属连词是用来引导从句,如宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句等。
中考英语语法专题详解三:介词、连词介词、连词是英语中使用的特别多的,那么我平常是怎么的用法呢,下面就是我给大家带来的中考英语语法专题详解三:介词、连词,盼望能关心到大家!介词、连词一、介词1. 介词概述:介词表示它与后面的名词或代词与其他(句子)成分的关系。
介词是虚词,不能单独做句子成分。
介词在英语中用法很活,也无肯定规律可循。
在学校范围内还应学一个记住一个,特殊是那些和动词的特别搭配。
2. 常用介词的意义和用法。
⑴ 时间或地点介词in、on、at的用法区分:表示时间时,in表示在一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后),on表示在详细的某一天或者某天的上下午等,at表示在某个时刻或者瞬间;表示地点时,in表示在某个范围之内,on表示在某个平面上或与一个(面相)接触,at则表示在某个详细的场所或地点。
如:He was born on the night of May 10th.I usually get up at 7:00 in the morning.His glasses are on the desk.My brother is at the bus stop.⑴ after与in表示时间的用法区分:“after+(详细时刻/从句)”表示“在时刻之后”常用于一般过去时态;“in+(一段时间)”表示“在(多久)之后”,常用于将来时态。
如:He said that he would come back after 6:00.My father is coming back from Astralia in about a month.⑴ since与for表示时间的用法区分:“since+(详细时刻/that-从句)”表示“自从起始终到现在”,“for +(一段时间)”表示“持续一段时间”,都常用于完成时态;如:My father has worked in this factory since 1970.My father has worked in this factory for over 30 years.⑴ by、in与with表示方式的用法区分:都可以表示“工具、手段”,但是by主要表示“乘坐”某个交通工具或“以方式”,在被动句中可以表示动作的执行者;in表示“使用”某种语言/文字,with表示“使用”某个详细的工具、手段。
中考英语语法专项复习介词介词是一种用来表示词与词,词与句之间的关系的词。
在句中不能单独作句子成分。
介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类,短语或从句作它的宾语。
介词和它的宾语构成介词词组,在句中作状语,表语,补语或介词宾语。
中考主要考查表示时间的介词、表示方位的介词、表示方式、手段、或工具的介词by,in,on,with 和介词的固定搭配。
对于介词的考察,通常是以单项选择或完形填空形式考查介词用法,尤其是几个易混淆的介词。
另外,介词与动词和形容词构成的固定搭配也是常见的考试内容。
一、表示时间的介词 思维导图记知识点时间介词考点分析知识梳理 表示时间的介词at ,in 与onforbefore 与afterfrombyduring in 表示时间时,用在较长的一段时间on 表示具体某日或某日的上午、下午、晚上后接时间段,表示动作的延续意为“( 时间) 长达……before 表示“在...之前after 与将来时连用表示“....之后表示开始的时间,常与to 构成词组“from...to...表示“到..时候,当( 某时候)到了后接时间段,意为“在..期间二、表示方位的介词 思维导图记知识点介词on 表示一物放在另一物上面, 两者紧贴在一起三、表示方式、手段、或工具的介词by,in,on,with.用by 时,交通工具前不用任何词四.常用介词辨析两个词都有“在...后”之意,behind 只表示位置方面的“在....之后”,不能表示时间,而after则表示时间方面的“在...之后”behind the school 在学校后面after 5 o’clock 5点以后(1)of sb 用于It is +adj+of sb to do sth 句型中,形容词为clever, kind , nice 等描述人物性格特征的词,of 后的人物与形容词有主表关系。
It is very kind of you to help the old man .你帮助那位老人真是太好了。
连词(一)连词是一种在句子与句子之间,短语之间以及名词等其他词语之间起连接作用的虚词,它不能单独作句子的成份。
按其意义可分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。
and, both…and, either…or, neither…nor,not only…but also, as well as等。
但如果连接的两部分意义不趋向一致,意义有转折的并列连词有:but, however, while (而),only (只不过)。
还有表示选择关系的并列连词,如:or, or else, otherwise…再有的是连接双方,互为因果,或表示前因后果的连词有:for, so, therefore (因此),then在初中范围内常常用来连接名词性从句,如:that, if, whether, 其次用来连接状语从句。
其中有原因状语从句,常用的连接词有:when while, as, since, before, after, once, as soon as, until, till 连接条件状语的连词有:if, unless, as long as 等,而原因状语的连接词有because, since, as, now that (既然)。
目的、结果、方式、比较、地点等状语从句的连接词有:so that, so…that, such…that, as…as, than, where…连词用法一览表种类功用例句并列连词连接具有并列关系的词He knows neither English nor French.短语Are you going by bus or on foot?分句Mary was a good girl, but she had one shortcoming.从属连词引导:状语从句I'll do it as you told me.You will be late unless you hurry.连接代词和连接副词主语从句What he said proved true.When we'll start has not been decided yet.表语从句This is why he didn't come yesterday.That is where he lives.宾语从句The man asked me which I liked best.I can't understand why she is so late.关系代词和关系副词定语从句Nicotine is a drug that gets one into the habit ofsmoking.He came last night when I was out.(二)[误]Both my parents are not here. They went to the concert just now.[正]Neither of my parents is here. They went to the concert just now.[析]在英语中both一般用于肯定句中,如用于否定句中,其意义也不同于汉语,如:Both of us are not right. 在英语中应被理解为"我们俩不都对。
中考专题之介词和连词介词一、介词的分类(一)、时间介词常见时间介词包含在整体内部的用in,接壤用on,不相邻用to。
Shandong is in the east of China.Jiangxi is on the east of Hunan.Shanghai is to the east of Hubei.2. “上下”介词on / above / over / below / under(1)on“在……上面”,表示两者接触The teacher put his book on the teachers’ desk.(2)above “在……的上方”,表示两者不接触,其反义词为below“在……的下方”。
We can build a bridge over the river.(3)over “在……正上方”,表示两者不接触,其反义词为under“在……正下方”。
My cat is lying under the chair.above over(三)、方式、手段、工具等介词练习:---When was Michael Phelps born?---He was born ____________ June, 1985.A. inB. onC. at2. in, on, at 在表示地点时的辨析(1)in表示“在……里”,用于内部;on表示“在……上面”,用于表面接触。
There is some tea in the cup.There are some apples on the table.(2)在表示某地时,in 后接大地方,at后接小地方。
He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.We arrived at the airport.练习:---When did your uncle arrive _____________ China?Here are some bags for sports.This is a book for children.(3)表示动作的方向、目的地,意为“向……;往……”。
介词和连词中考命题趋势考纲解读(介词和连词在近5年考试中的考查点)1. 熟悉和掌握常用介词和连词的用法。
2. 了解和运用一些常见的介词短语及连词的使用方法。
3. 能正确区分并列连词和从属连词,并掌握其用法。
命题预测1. 介词的考查方式以单项选择的形式为主,也会在单词拼写、完形填空中进行考查。
2. 据统计,介词的常考点有:(1)表示时间的介词,如:2019·临沂,17题;2019·咸宁,30题。
(2)表示地点方位的常用介词,如:2019·大庆,2题。
(3)表示方式、手段或工具的介词,如:2019·云南,21题。
(4)介词的常见搭配,如:2019·徐州,7题。
连词的考点有:(1)并列连词的用法,如:2019·绥化,6题;2019·临沂,28题。
(2)从属连词的用法,如:2019·长春,13题;2019·乐山,30题。
3. 预计今后中考中介词考查的重点将是其基本用法(同时也要注意介词的常见搭配的情况);连词的考查将以并列连词和从属连词基本含义为重点,也要注意考查连词的特殊用法,比如:“就近原则”,不能出现在同一个句子中的连词等。
介词知识点全览中考考点清单一、介词概述:介词又叫前置词,是一种虚词。
介词是一种用来表示词与词或者词与句之间的关系的词,在句中不能单独作句子成分。
介词一定要有宾语,充当宾语的一般有名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词、短语或句子。
如:I am in school. in the morningThanks for helping me. What about going for a walk?二、介词的句法功能:介词不能独立在句中作成分,介词后必须与名词、代词或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成分,表示人、物、事件等与其他人、物、事件等之间的关系。
1. 作定语:The book on the table is mine.2. 作状语:We have breakfast at seven. (表时间);They were late for meeting because of the heavy rain. (表原因);They started the machine by pressing the button. (表方式)3. 作表语:My dictionary is in the bag.4. 作宾语补足语:I found him in the office.三、介词分类:①时间介词;②方位介词;③方式介词;④目的介词;⑤原因介词;⑥运动方向介词;⑦比较介词等等。
专题六介词连词测试过关考号:_____ 姓名:__________ 做题时间: 45分钟得分:_______介词专练I. 单项选择。
(50分)( ) 1. __ the morning of May, we visited the old man.A. OnB. AtC. InD. With( )2. Most people work ______ the day and sleep ______ night.A. on ; atB. in ; inC. in ; atD. on; on( )3. Lin speaks English best __ the boy students.A. betweenB. withC. onD. among( )4. A wolf ____a sheepskin often makes us confused.A. withB. inC. onD. of( )5.Susan will come back _____ three days.A. afterB. forC. inD. on( ) 6. They gave the bag to us ______ mistake.A. byB. forC. onD. with( ) 7.David left Pu’an ____a cold winter morning.A. atB. beforeC. onD. in( ) 8.Guizhou is _____ the southwest of China.A. inB. onC. toD. off( ) 9. ______my mother’s help, I succeeded in finishing the work.A. UnderB. OnC. WithD. In( ) 10.My father is very strict _____ me and he’s very strict ___ his work, too.A. with; onB. with ; inC. in ; withD. with ; with( )11.She really can’t agree______ me.A. toB. onC. withD. of( ) 12.The bookstore will open from nine o’clock ______ five pm.A. untilB. atC. duringD. to( )13.How _____ going out for an outing today?A. aboutB. ofC. withD. on( ) 14.I spent most of my money ____lottery(彩票).A. inB. withC. onD. of( ) 15. We are talking ______a low voice.A. withB. inC. onD. about( ) 16.It’s very kind ______you to say soA. forB. toC. ofD. on( ) 17.What will you have ____dinner this evening?A. withB. forC. byD. on( ) 18.An airplane is flying ______the city.A. onB. overC. aboveD. below( ) 19.We are having a good time ______ the party.A. atB. inC. withD. on( ) 20.Ken will stay in the city _____ this weekend.A. toB. onC. tillD. at( ) 21. It’s not right to play jokes ___your teachers.A. inB. ofC. withD. on( ) 22.Which one do you like better? I prefer the bigger one ______the smaller one.A. forB. asC. toD. on( ) 23.We will give them a talk __how to save time.A. forB. withC. inD. on( ) 24.She paid three thousand yuan______ that second-hand motorcycle.A. inB. forC. onD. at( ) 25. The doctor is very patient ____ his patients.A. toB. onC. atD. in( ) 26.Human beings can’t live ______ air.A. inB. withC. withoutD. on( ) 27. The little child is always afraid ____ making any mistakes.A. atB. forC. ofD. about( ) 28.My English teacher was very angry______ me for being late this morning.A. forB. withC. atD. on( ) 29.What do you think ____ the movie, Jim?A. aboutB. likeC. ofD. on( ) 30.My aunt is away from home, so I have to look _____her baby.A. forB. atC. upD. after( ) 31.Reading ___ the sun is bad ____ your eyes.A. under; forB. in ; forC. in ; toD. into; for( ) 32.I won’t believe there are aliens unless I see them_____ m y own eyes.A. byB. forC. withD. without( ) 33.They go to school every day ______ Sunday.A. exceptB. withoutC. onD. at( ) 34.We met some dangerous animals while we went _____ the forest.A. inB. betweenC. throughD. across( ) 35.Wade sometimes falls asleep ______ the English lesson.A. forB. throughC. duringD. with( ) 36.Mrs. Wang went to Tokyo______ a few days.A. forB. inC. afterD. before( ) 37.We will leave ______ Paris next month.A. toB. fromC. forD. off( ) 38. Are you going to the station _____bus or _____my car?A. on ; byB. by ; inC. on ; inD. in ; by( ) 39.My grandfather wakes up several times _____ night.A. inB. atC. onD. towards( ) 40. They arrived in Beijing _____ 6 o’clock _____the morning.A. on; inB. at; inC. at; onD. in; on( ) 41. Everyone is here ______Lucy. She is still on the way to school.A.besidesB. aboutC. exceptD. on( ) 42. They sent me a nice toy ______a birthday present.A. onB. asC. forD. to( ) 43. Tom has studied Chinese in this school ______the year of 2009.A. sinceB. inC. onD. by( ) 44. ---What is a toothbrush used for?---It’s used brushing your teeth.A. withB. toC. forD. by( ) 45. English is widely used ______ travelers and business people all over the world.A. toB. forC. asD. by( ) 46. The paper is made _____ wood.A. ofB. fromC. inD. on( ) 47. Hong Kong is ______ the south of China and Macao is ______ the west of HongKong.A. in; toB. to; toC. to; inD. in; in( ) 48. In order to catch up _____ others, I study harder than ever.A. inB. ofC. withD. off( ) 49.There are many bananas ______the tree. A money ______the tree is pickinga banana.A. in; onB. on; inC. in; atD. on, on( ) 50. This afternoon we will play a football game _____Class Two.A. aboutB. byC. againstD. inII.用正确的介词填空。
(5分)51. Please take care _____ Mrs. Green’s cat while she is away.52. My sister is good at English while I do well __ PE.53. I can see the blackboard clearly because I sit ______ the back of the classroom.54. _____ the leadership of CCP, everyone is living a happy life.55. He got to school late as a result ______ traffic jam.连词专练III.单项选择。