2017优化方案高考总复习·英语(北师大版)：第一部分选修8Unit 23知能演练轻松闯关 Word版含解析

第一部分选修八Module 3-4Ⅰ.阅读理解A导学号 02281049 If you have ever tried a new sport or attempted learning a musical instrument, you are well aware that the hardest part is getting started. Once you figure out the technique, the skills return fairly easily, even if they are not used for long periods of time. Most experts attribute this to “muscle memory”，which means the brain remembers the action and can recall it when needed. Now some researchers from John Hopkins University believe there is another factor that may be as important in recalling previously learned motor skills—the errors made while learning the task.The study led by Reza Shadmehr, Professor of Biomedical Engineering, involved asking volunteers to play a simple video game: hitting a red target dot with a slightly smaller blue dot, similar to playing virtual games. What the gamers did not know was that as soon as they mastered the game, the researchers reprogrammed it by moving the blue dot slightly off-course, thereby forcing them to restart the learning process. What the scientists observed was that though the volunteers did make mistakes every time the game was changed, they got successively faster at mastering it.Shadmehr believes that this has something to do with the fact that in addition to delivering the task to muscle memory, the brain is also recognizing each wrong move and learning how to correct it. He compares it to having a coach that points out the mistakes and makes suggestions on how to improve.What surprises the scientists most is that making mistakes not only trains the brain to perform better at a specific task, but also helps it learn faster from errors, even when the mistakes are made while learning a completely different task. The researchers believe that the brain keeps a general database of errors and draws_on them whenever a new motor skill is being learned, to ensure that mistakes are not repeated. This helps make successive learning processes much faster.语篇解读：本文介绍了“肌肉记忆”，以及大脑能够从错误中学习。

Unit 23Conflict[单词拼写应用]核心单词1．expense n．费用，开支2．classify v t.把……分类3．subscribe v i.订阅(杂志或报纸)4．contradict v t.反驳，纠正5．tip n．有用的建议6．shoot v t.&v i.射击7．community n．社区8．sculpture n．雕刻，雕塑9．stable adj.稳固的[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空1．The payments he gets barely cover his expenses(expense)．2．The books in the library are classified(classify) by subject.3．He gave me some tips(tip) on the matter.4．What he did contradicted(contradict) what he promised. 5．No, we are not interested in subscribing(subscribe) to your journal. 6．There are many famous sculptures(sculpture) in Italy.拓展单词1．expose v t.使置身于危险中；暴露→exposed adj.无遮蔽的2．furnished adj.配有家具的→furniture n．家具3．appoint v t.任命，委任→appointment n．任命，委任；约会4．possess v t.拥有→possession n．私有物品5．secure adj.安全的；可靠的→security n．安全6．greet v t.问候，致意→greeting n．问候，致意7．remark v t.说起，谈到→remarkable adj.非凡的；卓越的8．distribute v t.分发，分配→distribution n．分配→distributor n．经销商9．consume v t.喝；消费，消耗→consumer n．消费者10．strong adj.强壮的→strength n．体力；力气→strengthen v t.(使)变强，加强11．intend v t.想要，打算→intention n．目的；意图[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空1．The system is secure and can give security to the project.(secure)2．I intend to give all limited partners the required formal notice of my intention to retire.(intend)3．Finally, I think we have to strengthen the strength of this nongovernmental organization movement around the world.(strong)4．In such situations, it is possible to simply greet the person with a common greeting li ke “Hello”．(greet)5．Equal freedom does not mean average possession of wealth, and labor is the fundamental way to possess wealth.(possess)6．They had planned either to live in a furnished apartment or to buy used furniture．(furnish)7．Xiao Li made an appointment with the manager and arrived at the appointed ter，he was appointed as a more important post.(appoint)8．The distributor had sent the goods to the area and the group organized the distribution and they distributed the goods among the people.(distribute) 9．Through TV，kids have regular exposure to sex and violence.It is bad to expose kids to such things and we should make kids exposed to some good books.(expose)阅读词汇1．betray v t.出卖，背叛2．memorial n．纪念碑3．prejudice n．偏见4．alcoholic n．酗酒者，酒鬼5．fortnight n．两星期6．pyramid n．金字塔7．commercial n．(电视)广告8．nutrition n．营养9．allowance n．津贴；零用钱10．criticise v t.批评11．sarcastic adj.讽刺的12．frontier n．边境，边界13．salute v t.向……致敬14．import v t.进口15．liberation n．解放拓展联想1．朋友和周围的人①partner n．伙伴；同伴②fellow n．同伴；伙伴③acquaintance n．相识的人④roommate n．室友，舍友⑤companion n．同伴；同事；伴侣⑥colleague n．同事，同僚2.“经济活动”动词荟萃①distribute 分发；分配②invest 投资③bid 出价；投标④advertise 做广告⑤compete 竞争⑥promote 促销3.由“进出口”想到的①import 进口②export 出口③trade 贸易④customs 海关⑤tariff 关税⑥opening­up policy对外开放政策[短语多维应用]高频短语1．put forward 提议，提出2．hand over把……交给3. stand up for保护，维护；保卫4．look down on看不起5．keep one's word遵守诺言6．sort out解决(问题或困难)；分类7．have a gift for有……的天赋8．hold out(在困境中)坚持[语境运用]选用左边短语的适当形式填空When I was 7, my mother ①put forward that I should learn an instrument.After several discussions, I decided to learn playing the guitar.But after several classes, the teacher told my mother that I had no gift for it.And my classmates often ②looked down on me because of my poor performance.All of these made me upset.But my mother told me that practice makes perfect and she promised she would accompany me to ③sort out the difficulties all the time.She ④kept her word and we together ⑤held out.9.be exposed to 处于可能受伤害的境地10．send for 派人去请/叫11．call on要求……介入；呼吁12．come about发生13. in peace和平地14．look into调查15．give in让步；屈服16．call in请(某人)[语境运用]选用左边短语的适当形式填空After the P．E.class, two boys came into conflict and fought on the playground.Seeing this, the monitor ⑥sent for the head teacher immediately, hoping to ⑦look into how the fight ⑧came about．Later, the head teacher figured out that the two boys were both ⑨exposed to violent computer games, which made them lose temper easily.So he ⑩called on the parents to spare more time to accompany their children to make sure their physical and mental health.拓展联想1．“提出，提议”万花筒①put forward 提出；提议②bring up教育；提出③bring forward提出；提前④come up with提出；想出⑤put forth 提出；发表2.“in＋n.”短语大全①in peace 和平地②in return作为报答③in trouble陷入困境④in power当权的⑤in vain徒劳的⑥in store将要发生⑦in place在适当的位置⑧in conclusion总之⑨in turn轮流⑩in summary总之；概括起来[句式 结构仿写]精讲9个考纲词汇1．distribute vt.分发，分配；散布，分布 (1)单句语法填空①The mother distributed candy among children.②The books in the library were distributed(distribute) according to subjects. ③The map shows the distribution(distribute) of this species across the world. (2)[链接写作]——完成句子所有同学都被老师分到了不同小组中，一个小组有三个人。

Unit 23 ConflictⅠ.单词—在语境中默写，在联想中积累1.betray2.justice n. 公正，正义promise n. 妥协，让步4.prejudice n. 偏见5.classify vt. 把……分类6.subscribe vi. 订阅(杂志或报纸)7.westwards adv. 向西8.unconscious adj. 失去知觉的9.greet vt. 问候，致意10.remark vt. 说起，谈到11.handful n. 少数，一些12.sponsor vt. 赞助13.expense n. 费用，开支14.immigration n．移居；移民入境→immigrate vi.移入→immigrant n．移民15.expose vt.显露；使置身于危险中→exposure n．暴露16.appoint vt.任命，委任→appointment n．任命，委任；约定17.possession n．私有物品→possess vt.拥有；占有18.security n．安全→secure adj.可靠的19.representative n．代表→represent vt.代表1.He wrote poems inpraise of our greatsocialist (socialism)motherland.2.Their opposition onlystrengthened (strength)her resolve not to givein.3.People from manycountries immigrated(immigration) to theUnited States and Canada.4.The visitors weresearched for security(secure) reasons at theairports and stations allover the country.5.The conferencediscussed the fairdistribution(distribute) of incomeand wealth.6.The high consumptiontax made the consumersunwilling to consumealcohol.(consume)7.Since he is a①uncertain不确定的②uncommon 不常有的③unconscious 失去知觉的④unfriendly 不友好的⑤unaware 不知道的⑥unfortunate 不幸的⑦unfair 不公平的⑧unlikely 不可能的⑨unknown 未知的⑩unmarried 未婚的2.盘点­sure结尾名词①pressure 压力②pleasure 乐事；快乐③exposure 暴露；揭发④measure 措施⑤treasure 财富⑥leisure 闲暇3.“经济活动”相关动词小结①distribute 分发；分配20.distribute vt.分发，分配→distribution n．分配；配给21.consume vt.喝；消费，消耗→consumer n．消费者→consumption n．消费22.import vt.进口→export vt.出口23.strengthen vt.(使)变强，加强→strength n．力量；力气24.intend vt.想要，打算→intention n．意图；意向；目的25.socialism n．社会主义→socialist n．社会主义者adj.社会主义的→society n．社会representative of ourcompany, what he says andwhat he does representourcompany.(representative)8.He was appointed asmayor of the city and theappointment caused a lotof opposition.(appoint)9.I had intended to helphim but after what he saidto me, I had no intentionof doing it.(intend)10.He possesses thesehouses. That is to say,these houses are hispersonalpossessions.(possess)11.Prolonged (长久的)exposure to harmfulradiation will causegreat harm to yourhealth, so never exposeyourself to it.(expose)②export 出口；输出③invest 投资④import 进口；输入⑤bid 出价；投标⑥advertise 做广告⑦compete 竞争⑧promote 促销4.小议­en 后缀动词①shorten 使缩短②weaken 变弱③strengthen 加强；变强④lengthen 延长⑤widen (使)变宽⑥sharpen (使)锋利⑦quicken 加快⑧broaden 变宽Ⅱ.短语—在应用中记牢，在归纳中记多1.be_exposed_to伤害的境地2.hand_over 把……交给3.stand_up_for_ 保护，维护；保卫4.put_forward 提议，提出1.The government has set upa working party tolook_into the problem ofdrug abuse.2.You need a lawyer tostand_up_for you in court.扫描①put forward 提出；提议②bring up 教育；提出③bring forward 提出；提前5.send_for 派人去请/叫6.call_in 请(某人)7.have_a_gift_for 有……的天赋8.hold_out (在困境中)坚持9.call_on 要求……介入；呼吁10.look_down_on 看不起……11.keep_one's_word 遵守诺言e_about 发生13.in_peace 和平地14.look_into 调查15.sort_out_ 解决(问题或困难)；分类3.The old man made a will tohand_over all his money tothe girl.4.Plans have beenput_forward to pull downand rebuild the area.5.The enemy will have togive in; they can'thold_out for long.6.Since she is seriouslyill, we have to send_for adoctor at once.7.Two policemen have beencalled_in to help solve theproblem.8.Could you sort_out thetoys that can be thrownaway？④come up with 提出；想出⑤put forth 提出；发表2.“in＋n.”短语大全①in peace 和平地②in trouble 陷入困境③in vain 白费力④in place 在适当的位置⑤in turn 轮流⑥in return 作为报答⑦in power 当权的⑧in store 将要发生⑨in conclusion 总之⑩in summary 总之；概括起来Ⅲ.句式—在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通in than the noise began andrarely did they get a full night's sleep.他们一搬进来，噪音就开始了，他们几乎没有睡过一个囫囵觉。

选修8Unit 22Environmental Protection(A卷)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．It is not easy for the children to break ____________ from the families and become independent.答案：away2．At the time Quebec wanted some form of ____________ (separate) from the rest of Canada.答案：separation3．I am going to attend the grand ceremony ____________ behalf of our school next week.答案：on4．The programme will give young athletes the chance to ____________(sharp) their skills.答案：sharpen5．“Very nice！”Mother said as she sat at the table ____________ (reserve) for customers.答案：reserved6．A new approach to the traffic problem ____________ (adopt) at the meeting the other day.答案：was adopted7．He looked puzzled because what the teacher said in class was far ____________ his understanding.答案：beyond8．Stressful environments lead ____________ unhealthy behaviors，such as poor eating habits.答案：to9．The issue of whether classical music is relevant ____________ young people causes a heated debate.答案：to10．As you can see，the number of cars on our roads ____________ (keep) rising these days.答案：keepsⅡ.阅读理解(2016·福建高三质检)This is the most exciting kayaking expedition(皮划艇探险) possible for beginner kayakers.You can expect to experience a whole range of different conditions and scenery.This expedition is a total of 8.27 km in distance and it actually enters the streams in the North of Ubin and exits in the South.Three and a half kilometers of pure mangroves(红树林)，makes this the longest pure mangrove kayaking expedition in Singapore.The distance spent inside the mangroves gives you the maximum opportunity to witness wildlife within the mangrove e to experience the challenge of operating your kayak through the labyrinth(迷宫)of waterways and be amazed at the calm and quiet beauty of the wetlands.This last corner of natural wilderness in Singapore is so inaccessible，that very，very few have ever experienced it—which makes this a truly special program.Most Recent Traveler ReviewsTraveler A: Traveled from bottom to top of Singapore in rush hour traffic in order to get to Ubin for a 9：30 start—only to find no guide there.Although，once he arrived，the guide was lovely-offering a very knowledgeable tour and lots of enthusiasm around a beautiful part of the world—our 6-hour kayaking trip was actually over before 2：30 p．m.，despite only hitting the water at 12 noon.Traveler B: The guides were nice，however the biggest disappointment was the timing.We thought we were going for a 4-hour kayak but were back in 2 hours and that included the prekayak safety talk.The mangroves are lovely but we were told that a storm was near.We felt that there had never been any intention of going out for longer.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了Ubin自然保护区的情况，特别介绍了这儿的红树林，吸引游客来参观旅游。

SectionⅡLesson2Conflict Resolution课后篇巩固探究一、写作词汇检测完成下列小对话或语篇。

1.—Why hasn’t your boss hired the young man?—Because his words (反驳) his actions.答案:contradict2.—Why does your friend look so sad?—Because he has been (批评) by his father.答案:criticized3.—Could you tell me who the old house belongs to?—It is in the of(拥有) a young man.答案:possession4.—Who will you (委派) to carry out the plan?—My secretary.答案:appoint5.At the meeting the young man (提出)the plan.I(与……详细讨论) the members of the committee.Most of them (同意)it.Tom (有……天赋) communicating with strangers,and he never (看不起) others,so I (委派)him to carry out the plan.It turned out that he(遵守诺言) and everything went well.答案:put forward;talked it over with;subscribed to;had a gift for;looked down upon;appointed;kept his word二、阅读词汇检测写出画线部分的汉语意思。

Last Sunday,he went to the bakery 1. and bought some bread.Then he went to buy a pair of sneakers 2..When he returned home,he turned on the TV to watch some commercials 3. about nutrition 4..Having eaten up the bread,he felt uncomfortable.He had to send for 5. a doctor.The doctor told him that the bread had gone bad.答案:1.面包店 2.运动鞋 3.(电视)广告 4.营养 5.派人叫三、用方框内短语的适当形式填空1.All my friends will me.答案:stand up for2.He a new theory yesterday.答案:put forward3.We must a doctor at once.答案:send for4.He poetry.答案:has a gift for5.My doctor has warned me to sugar.答案:keep off6. and you will succeed one day.答案:Hold out7.I wish you wouldn’t this job.答案:look down on8.Don’t believe him;he never .答案:keeps his word9.Nobody knows how the change .答案:came about10.I have something very unpleasant to you,Mr.Wang.答案:talk over with四、阅读理解导学号16924013While Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class,a monitor(监控器) a few hundred miles away was watching her every move.Using a web camera equipped in Jennifer’s Los Angeles apartment,the monitor in Phoenix tracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room.Her Internet access was locked —remotely—to prevent Internet searches,and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was:Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past?Or was she slowing down?In the battle against cheating,this is the cutting edge and a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education.The technology gives trust to the entire system,to the institution and to online education in general. Only with solid measures against cheating,experts say,can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid —that students haven’t j ust searched the Internet to get the right answers.Although online classes have existed for more than a decade,the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of “open online courses.” Private colleges,public universities and corporations are jumping into the online education field,spending millions of dollars to attract potential students,while also taking steps to help guarantee honesty at a distance.Aside from the web cameras,a number of other high-tech methods are becoming increasingly popular.Among them are programs that check students’ identities using personal information,such as the telephone numbers they once used.Other programs can produce unique exams by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones.As in many university classes,term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for cheating.1.Why was Jennifer watched in an online exam?A.To correct her typing mistakes.B.To find her secrets in the room.C.To prevent her from slowing down.D.To keep her from dishonest behaviors.答案:D解析:推理判断题。

综合过关检测(八)[学生用书单独成册](时间：100分钟满分：120分)第Ⅰ卷第一部分阅读理解[共两节，满分40分]第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

A(2016·长春市普通高中高三质检)I’ve been in the taxicab business for thirty­five years, and I know there is a lot about it that is not so good. Taxicab drivers have to be tough fellows to be able to work in New York. You’ve got to fight the New York traffic eight hours a day these days, so people get the wrong impression that they are bad.Actually, taxi drivers are just like other people. Most of them will behave as honest fellows. You read in the papers almost every week that a taxi driver turns in money or jewels that people leave in their cabs. If they weren’t honest, you wouldn’t be reading those stories in the papers.One time in Brooklyn, I found a diamond ring in my cab. I remembered helping a lady with a lot of packages that day, so I went back to where I had dropped her. It took me almost two days to trace her down in order to return her ring to her. I didn’t get as much as“thank you”. Still I felt good because I had done what ever was right. I think I felt better than she did.I was born and raised in Ireland and lived there until I was nineteen years old. Then I came to this country where I had a family and bought my own cab. Life h asn’t been too easy at times, but my wife takes care of our money and we have a good bit put away for a rainy day.When I started driving a cab, Park Avenue was mostly a bunch of coal yards. Hoofer’s Brewery was right next to where the Waldorf-Astoria is now. I did pretty well, even in those days. In all my years of driving a taxicab, I have never had any trouble with the public, not even with drunks.I believe honesty is one of the greatest gifts. I know they call it a lot of fancy names these days, like integrity (正直), etc. But it doesn’t make any difference whatever they call it; it’s still what makes a man a good citizen. This is my code, and I try to live by.【文章大意】本文讲述的是一名出租车司机一直相信诚实是一件最棒的礼物，并且在生活中一直以此为准则。

第22单元测评(B)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)(2016~2017陕西澄城中学高二检测)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What does the woman suggest?A.They don’t have to go to the concert.B.His brother will let them use the car.C.The bus is fine for them.答案:C2.What do we know about the match?A.It can’t be much fun.B.It must be exciting.C.It may be put off.答案:A3.What is wrong with the printer?A.It doesn’t flash.B.There isn’t ink.C.It’s broken.答案:B4.What is the woman interested in?A.Sports.B.Fashion.C.Politics.答案:A5.What are the two speakers mainly talking about?A.New dictionaries.nguage forms.C.The development of languages.答案:C第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。