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一、定语从句的概念定语从句的用法和精练在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词后二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who( 宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why 等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。
非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法（一）限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法作用宾语先行词主语及物动词宾语或没被提前的介词宾语被提前的的介定语词宾语指人Who/that, as Who/whom/that,as 介词+whom Whose/ofwhom指物Which/that, as That/which, as 介词+which Whose/of which1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle玛. The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue我.丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。
(that 作主语)放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。
(that 作宾语)2. which 用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarke位t.家超市。
(作主语)于火车站附近的那座大楼是一The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。
定语从句一．定义：在复合从句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句定语从句结构：（）This is the book {that} I introduced to you.（）（）定语从句：修饰名词或代词的句子。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
关系词：引导定语从句的词。
二．关系词引导定语从句的连接词称为关系词（包括“关系代词”“关系副词”）。
关系代词在从句中代表先行词作主语、宾语、定语等；关系副词代表先行词在从句中作状语。
词+whom/which”不能省）。
Have you seen the book （that / which）I gave you yesterday？考点二：主谓一致1.I found a book which _____(be) quite interesting.2.The pen and the book that _______(be) on the desk belong to Tom.3.He is using his new smartphone which he _______(buy) yesterday.4.Linda likes the song very much which _____(sound) relaxing.5.Are there any students who ______(be) to Beijing before.6.I dislike the city where he _____ (go) to college next year.7.She is one of the students who _____ (like) playing the piano.8.She is the only one of the students who _____ (like) playing the piano.注意：“one of +复数名词”作先行词时，从句谓语动词用复数形式；若是“the only/very/right + one of +复数名词”，从句谓语动词用单数形式。
初中英语定语从句关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which关系副词有：when, where, why一．关系代词引导的定语从句1）先行词是人：who∕whom ∕that ( 区分：who可做主语和宾语，whom只能做宾语) Is he the man ＿＿＿ wants to see you?He is the man ＿＿＿＿＿＿I saw yesterday.Yesterday I helped an old man ＿＿＿lost his wayMr. Liu is the person ＿＿＿＿you talked about on the bus.2）先行词是事物：which∕thatThis is the pen ________ you lent to me.I like songs ______ I can sing along with.He likes movies _______ are scary.3) whose 用来指人或物（,若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。
例如：我认识那个车被偷的男人_________________________________________________ 请递给我那本绿色封面的书。
_____________________________________________ 二．关系副词引导的定语从句1）when, where, why ﹦“介词+ which”when= on whichI still remember the day ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ I joined the Party. 。
I won’t forget the day＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ I spent with you .2）where=in/on whichBeijing is the place ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ I was born.I can see the desk ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ there is a book.这是我曾经在那儿学习的学校.________________________________________________ 3）why=for whichIs this the reason ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿he refused our help?没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
高中英语语法系统讲解之九定语从句定语从句在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”。
引导定语从句并作定语从句中的一个成分的词叫做“关系词”。
常见的关系词有关系代词（who，whom，whose，that，which等）和关系副词（when，where，why等）。
关系词有两个作用：1、放在先行词与定语从句中间起连接作用，引导定语从句；2、代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。
关系代词引导的定语从句1、关系代词及其作用一览表2、关系代词特殊用法一览表温馨提示：“whose + 名词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语，又能作宾语，whose的先行词常用来指人，但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念，这时可以与of which结构互换，词序是“the+名词 + of which”。
如Please pass me the book whose cover (the cover of which) is green.3. 关系副词的用法○1由when引导：when指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它所修饰的先行词有time，day，morning，night，week，year等。
如From the time when he was little, he had known what he wanted to be when he grew up.○2由where引导：where指地点，在从句中作地点状语，它的先行词有place，spot，street，room，city，country等。
如Is this the room where you were living last winter?Beijing is the place where I was born.○3由why引导：why表示原因，常用在先行词reason后面。
如The reason why he said that is quite clear.I don’t know the reason why she looks unhappy today.4. 使用关系副词时应注意的几点：○1有些先行词虽不表具体的地点，但表达一种“阶段、境地、形势、地步”，也可用where来引导定语从句。
专题九: 定语从句定语从句的用法(一)定语从句的作用(二)关系代词的作用定语从句要点归纳：Ａ．只用thata.当先行词是不定代词，如all, everything, anything, nothing, much, few, little, none, the one等All that can be done has been done.I didn’t mean this one; I mean the one that was bought yesterday.b.先行词（指物的）前面有only, few, one of, little, no, all, every, very等词修饰时There’s no difficulty that we can’t overcome.I’ve read all the books that can be borrowed here.c.先行词被序数词first, last, next等或形容词的最高级修饰时This is the first letter that I’ve written in Japanese.She is the most careful girl that I’ve ever known.d.当先行词既有人又有物时They talked about the teachers and schools that they had visited.The speaker talked of some writers and books that were unknown to us.e.当先行词是系动词be后面的表语或关系词本身是从句的表语时China isn’t the country that she used to be 50 years ago.He is no longer the man that he used to be..f．当主句是以who, which或what开头的特殊疑问句时Who is the man that is waiting at the bus stop?Which is the car that overtook us yesterday?g. 当主句以There be…结构开头时或关系代词在there be…结构中作实义主语，先行项为物There is a seat in the corner that is still free.There are two tickets of the film that are for you.The 9.15 is the fastest train that there has ever been.h. 当先行词是what时What did you hear that made you so angry?B. 只用who的场合：1.先行词为one, ones, those, anyone等。
定语从句知识总结（最新9篇）英语的定语从句总结篇一一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、由who, whom, that，Whose引导的从句这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，who作主语指人，whom作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略），可以指人也可以指物。
Whose 用来指人或物，只用作定语。
（1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的男人吗？(who/that在从句中作主语）（2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that 在从句中作宾语）（3）The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师（4）he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。
2、由which, that引导的从句它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，作宾语时可以省略，例如：（1) Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
(which / that在从句中作主语）（2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那个包裹快要散开了。
(which / that在从句中作宾语）注意：代表物时多用which，但在下列情况中用that而不用which：a)先行词是anything, everything, nothing ，none等不定代词时；b)先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时，这时的that常被省略；c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时；d)先行词中既有人又有物时；e)整个句中前面已有which，who,that时；f)当先行词为物并作表语时；g)先行词为one时；h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时；二、关系副词引导的定语从句1、when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用I still remember the day whenI first came to the school.2、where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语Shanghai is the city where I was born.3、why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语，用在reason 后面。
高考语法专题攻克Ⅸ、定语从句一、引导定语从句的关系词的选择1、定语从句中常见的关系代词有who，whom，whose，that，which等，在从句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致。
○1when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
如：We are living in an age when many things are done on the computer.○2where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
如：This is the middle school where I studied three years ago.○3why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，常用在先行词reason的后面。
如：Do you know the reason why the meeting has been put off?○4that有时可用作关系副词。
当先行词是way，意为“方式，方法”时，可以用that引导定语从句，也可以用in which，或者省略引导词。
如：I don’t like the way (that / in which) he speaks to me.【点石成金】选择定语从句中的关系词，最好的方法是“先行词还原法”：首先准确确定先行词（有些先行词和定义从句之间夹杂着其他成分），然后将先行词还原到从句中看看被还原的部分在从句中所作的是什么成分，最后确定选用关系代词还是关系副词。
解答这类题目时切不可光凭直觉草率做出选择，如看见时间名词就选when，看见地点名词就选where。
先行词是时间名词或地点名词时，如果在从句中不作状语，则不能用when或where引导定语从句。
如：Do you still remember the days when we stayed together in our hometown? （这里先行词the days 作stayed的时间状语。
专题九从句专题1.Ahead of me I saw a woman ___ I thought was my aunt.A. whoB. whomC. of whomD. whose2. He is the man ___ you think to be worthy of our praise.A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. whoever3. I don‘t think the number of people ___ this happens is very large.A. whoB. on whomC. to whomD. which4. In the meeting room, there are tables, ___ you can sit there reading.A. whereB. by whichC. at whereD. and5. Is the river ___ through that town very large?A. that flowsB. flowsC. that flowingD. which flowing6. There is no one ___ wishes peace.A. whoB. butC. thatD. who7.As many members ___ were present agreed to the plan.A. whoB. thatC. whichD. as8. I gave him a warning, ___ he turned a deaf ear.A. of whichB. for whichC. to thatD. to which9.In the evening school where I study computer ___.A. is thereB. has many peopleC. is well taughtD. is nece10. Is this the museum ___ they visited last month?A. whenB. whereC. whichD. the one11. It may pollute the grass that ___.A. animals are fed onB. feeds animalsC. animals are fedD. feed on animals12. The boss ___ department Mr.King worked 10 years ago looked down upon women.A. in whichB. in thatC.in whoseD. whose13. Go and get your coat. It‘ s ___ you left it.A. whereB. thereC. there whereD. where there14. I hate ___ when people talk with their mouth full.A. thatB. theseC. themD. it15. Many of the creastures in Rowing‘s world are not real, and much of ___ happens is strange.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. it16. Prof. Lee‘s book will show you ___ can be used in other fields.A. that you have observedB. how that you have observedC. that how you have observedD. how what you have observed 17．I‘ll give you my friend‘s home address, ___ I can be reached most evenings.A. whichB. whenC. whomD. where18. The companies are working together to create ___ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st centyry.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. who19. The last time we had great fun was ___ we were visiting the Water Park.A. whereB. howC. whenD. why20. It has been proved ___ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illness in later life.A. ifB. becauseC. whenD. that21. We went through a period ___ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.A. whichB. whoseC. in whichD. with which22. They will fly to Washington, ___ they plan to stay for two or three days.A. whereB. thereC. whichD. when23.People in Chongqing are proud of ___ they have achieved in the past ten years.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. how24. ___ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.A. ItB. WhatC. AsD. Which25.By nine o‘clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, ___ appeared a rare rainbow soon.A. of whichB. on whichC.from whichD. above which26. For many cities in the word, there is no room to spread out further, ___ New York is an example.A. for whichB. in whichC. of whichD. from which27. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers ___ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.A. whereB. whenC. whoD. which28. All the neighbors admire this family ___ the parents are treating their child like a friend.A. whyB. whereC. whichD. that29. ___ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.A. AnyoneB. The oneC. WhoeverD. Who30. Tomorrow is Tom‘s birthday. Have you got any idea ___ the party is to be held?A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where31. The man pulled out a gold watch, ___ were made of small diamonds.A. the hands of whomB. whom the hands ofC. which the hands ofD. the hands of which32. ___ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.A. ItB. ThisC. WhatD. As.33. I think Father would like to koow ___ I‘ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.A. whichB. whyC. whatD. how34. If a shop has chairs ___ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where35. The old lady‘s hand shook frequently. She explained to her doctor ___ this shaking begun half year before, and ___, only because of this, she had been forced to give up her job.A. when; howB. how; whenC. how; howD. why; why36. – Is that the small town you often refer to?- Right, just the one ___ you know I used to work for years.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. what37. The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs ___ they are being trained.A. in thatB. for thatC. in whichD. for which38. See the flags on top of the building? That was ___ we did this morning.A. whenB. whichC. whereD. what39. – Could you do me a favor?- It depends on ___ it is.A. whichB. whicheverC. whatD. whatever40. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction ___ shehad come.A. to whichB. to whomC. with whomD. with which41. – It‘s thirty years since we last met.- But I still remembet the story, believe it or not, ___ we got lost on a rainy night.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. when42. We haven‘t settled the question of ___ it is necessary for him to study abroad.A. ifB. whereC. whetherD. that43. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make ___ it is.A. whatB. whichC. howD. where44.Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That‘s ___ the best jobs are.A. whereB. whatC. whenD. why45. After graduation she reached a point in her career ___ she needed to decide what to do.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. where46. You can only be sure of ___ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something ___ you might get in the future.A. that; whatB. what; \C. which; thatD. /; that47. Having checked the doors were closed, and ___ all the lightswere off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.A. whyB. thatC. whenD. where48. The book was written in 1946, ___ the education system has witnessed great changes.A. whenB. during whichC. since thenD. since when49. After ___ was about 10 minutes, the teacher gave the students the correct answer to the question.A. thatB. itC. whichD. what50. – where did you get to know the professor over there?- It was at the workshop ___ we did research together two years ago.A. thatB. thereC. whichD. where51. I‘m glad to introduce Mr. Smith to you, without ___ consideration our project would have ended in failure.A. whomB. hisC. whoseD. who52. A reading room is ___ you can read newspapers and mgazines as well as books.A. in whichB. thatC. whereD. the place53. As far as I see, ___ is no possibility ___ he will win the tennis match this time.A. it; thatB. there; thatC. it; whetherD.there; whether54.The couple are spending their holiday on ___ is decribed as one of the most beautiful islands.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. where55. If I were any younger, I would do ___ I am interested in.A. no matter whatB. whateverC. no matter whichD. whichever56. The word ―media‖basically refers to ___ we commonly call newspapers, magzines, radios and televisions.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. where57. The moment ___ Leo will never forget is ___ Mr. Green gave him a lot of valuable advice on how to improve his writing.A. that; whenB. that; thatC. when; thatD. when; where58. Mount Wuyi is such an attractive place of interest ___ everyone likes to visit.A. thatB. asC. whichD. what59. – I believe we will have a good time with Miss Green in your birthday party.- Maybe. But it is still a question, you know, ___ she can spare time to come.A. whetherB./C. thatD. which60. I‘ ve never been to Beijing, but it‘s the place ___.A. where I‘ d like to visitB. I most want to visitC. in which I‘d like to visitD. that I want to visit it most61. ___ is often the case, my mother has the final say in theargument.A. ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As62. The CCTV Tower, ___ base is an electrical equipment shop, is frequently visited by travelers.A. whichB. whoseC. itsD. that63. Being a good listener is a kind of quality and that‘s ___ it takes to keep friendship.A. howB. whatC. whichD. where64. In front of the whole class, he made his promise ___ he would win the prize.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whether65. He was driving so fast as to get himself into a dangerous situation ___ he is likely to lose the control over his car.A. whyB. whereC. howD. which66. – I phoned your home at about 9 yesterday evening. Why didn‘t you answer it?- Impossible. Oh, now I remember: it was ___ I was taking a bath.A. whenB. whichC. whereD. what67. Would you please tell me ___ you know is good at typing?A. whomB. whomeverC. whoseD. whoever68.The biggest reason I like the new rule is ___ it sets a good example to young athletes.A. howB. whyC. thatD. when69. In experiments ___ young teens are allowed to sleep as long as they want, they tend to sleep an average of 9 hours.A. thatB. whatC. whichD.where70. Our class adviser doesn‘t doubt, in any case, ___ we can overcome the difficulities in our study. He always gives us a confident smile.A. howB. whetherC. thatD./71. The residents, ___ had been damaged by the fire, were given help by the Red Cross.A. all of their homesB. all their homesC. whose all homesD. all of whose homes72. There are moments in life ___ you miss someone so much that you just want to pick them up from dreams and hug them for real.A. whereB. howC. whyD. when73.___ she was sick, I was expected to take her place greatly surprised me, for I didn‘t have much work experience.A. That ifB. ThatC.If thatD.If74. ___ is known to us all is that the old scientist, for ___ life was hard in the past, still works very hard in his eighties.A. As; whomB.What; whomC.It; whoseD. As; whose75. That art centre is ___ used to be a factory, ___ millions oftractors were made.A. what; whereB. where; whereC. what; whichD. where; which76.The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, ___ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.A. whoB. thatC. asD. which77. She behaved rudely to her mother, ___ was impolite.A. whichB. asC. itD. what78. He tried to get out of the business, ___ he found impossible.A. asB. whichC. whereD. what79. The result of the experiment was very good, ___ we hadn‘t expected.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what80. These houses are sold at such a low price ___ people expected.A. likeB. asC. thatD. which81. The suit fitted him well ___ the color was a little brighter.A. except forB. except thatC. except whenD. besides82. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ___.A. who is heB. who he isC. who is itD. who it is83. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ___ was very reasonable.A. which priceB. the price of whichC. its priceD. the price of whose84. Is thise the reason ___ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A. he explainedB. what he explainedC.how he explainedD. why he explained85. He is the only one of the students who ___ a winner of scholarship for three years.A. isB. areC. have beenD. has been86. –Are you still thinking about yesterday‘s game?- Oh, that‘s ___.A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about itD. when I feel excited87. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ___ I thought was a dangerous speed.A. asB. whichC. whatD. that88. What surprised me was not what he said but ___ he said it.A. the wayB. in the way thatC. in the wayD. the way which89. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, ___ the sailing time was 226 days.A. of whichB. during whichC. from whichD. for which90. As soon as he comes back, I ‗ll tell him when ___ and see him.A. you will comeB. will you comeC. you comeD. do you come91. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ___ effects the people are still suffering.A. thatB. whoseC. thoseD. what92. Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, ___ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students‘ Union. A. during which time B. for which timeC. during whose timeD. by that time93. Frank‘s dream was to have his own shop ___ to produce the workings of his own hands.A. thatB. in whichC. by whichD. how94. Her sister has become a lawyer, ___ she wanted to be.A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which95. The way he did it was different ___ we were used to.A. in whichB. in whatC. from whatD. from which96. The place ___ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ___ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.A. which; whereB. at which; whichC. at which; whereD. which; in which97.Please remind me ___ he said he was going. I may be in time tosee him off.A. whereB. whenC. howD. what98.The thought of going back home was all ___ kept him happy while he was working abroad.A. thatB. all thatC. all whatD. which99. By improving reading skills, you can read faster and understand more of ___ you read.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. whether100. Villagers here depend on the fishing industry ___ there won‘t be much work.A. whereB. thatC. by whichD. without which答案1—5 ABCDA6-10 BDDCC 11-15 ACADC 16-20 DDCCD 21-25 CACBD 26-30 CABCD 31-35 DCCDC 36-40 CDDCD41-45 BCAAD 46-50 BBDDD 51-55 CCBBB 56-60 CABAB61-65 DBBAB 66-70 ADCDC 71-75 DDABA76-80 DABCB81-85 BDBAD 86-90 ACAAA91-95 BABDC 96-100 CBBBD。
