p o n的测试解决方案内部编号：（YUUT-TBBY-MMUT-URRUY-UOOY-DBUYI-0128）
FTTx由于使用XPON（无源光网络）技术，在网络中消除了放大器和有源器件的使用，大大降低了网络安装和设备开通、维护的费用，正成为颇有竞争力的接入系统。
随着基于以太网的无源光网络（EPON）商用规模的逐步扩大，如何对XPON系统进行合理地测试，已越来越成为许多设备厂商非常关注的问题。
本文旨在对生产及研发阶段XPON系统的测试提供完善的测试解决方案。
一、宽带XPON系统测试
与其他技术一样，宽带PON技术在使用前需要经过严格测试，只有其功能、性能符合要求才可以规模应用。
本测试方案主要依据如下标准：
宽带PON系统测试结构如图1所示，PON系统由局端OLT、ODN（光分配网络）和用户端ONU（光网络单元）组成，为单纤双向系统。
在下行方向（OLT到ONU），OLT发送的信号通过ODN到达各个ONU；在上行方向（ONU到OLT），
各ONU在指定时间发送信号到OLT。
ODN由光纤和无源光分路器等无源光器件组成，在OLT和ONU间提供光通道。
使用iTester网络测试仪进行XPON系统测试时，需将OLT接入网络测试仪的一个端口，将剩余ONU设备分别接入网络测试仪的其余端口，系统测试结构如图1。
本文根据广电的一些实际验证方案及信而泰科技的多年测试经验做出便于设备制造商进行相关测试的测试项及测试方案。
1、以太网业务RFC2544测试
1.1系统吞吐量性能测试
安立网络测试专家MT1000A免费申请试用。
Cloud-to-edgePON solutions for cable operators Bring HFC and FTTH together with a future-ready network that’s built for efficiency1 Cloud-to-edge PON solutions for cable operators Bring HFC and FTTH together with a future-ready network that’s built for efficiencySeize the opportunity for next-generation broadband servicesDeploy a flexible, unified network with a built-in competitive edgeNext-generation PON technologies already deliver speeds of 10Gbps with a roadmap to 25, 50G and beyond.But deploying a new network technology comes with challenges—high costs, a lack of skilled labor, and the need to maintain two networks, to name a few. What if you could deploy a cloud-to-edge next-gen PON solution suite that’s flexible enough to ease the transition from HFC to PON and allows you to choose EPON or GPON technology—all while unifying network management and simplifying deployment?Now you can with CommScope.With subscriber demand for high-capacity broadband on the rise, MSOs are poised to deliver a new set of advanced services based on next-generation PON technology. But this opportunity is not exclusive to cable operators. Broadband competition is heating up in a range of markets, with billions in public funding fueling new fiber-to-the-home buildouts by service providers of all kinds in low-density and underserved environments.For cable operators, staying competitive and seizing the all-fiber opportunity does not mean walking away from existing investments in HFC networks and DOCSIS ®. The key to successful network evolution is to extend the lifespan of their existing networks, while deploying PON solutions that can coexist alongside them and provide an evolutionary path to what’s next.Leveraging CommScope’s flexible PON solutions and expertise, cable operators can transition to PON using the fiber strategy that makes the most sense for their business. This may include greenfield extensions of PON service to new neighborhoods or major footprint expansions using government funds. It may also include strategic overbuilds within existing HFC footprint, leveraging PON to create new service tiers for high-bandwidth residential and business subscribers to reduce traffic on the HFC network. Subscribers and services can then be added to PON networks over time to provide a gradual cutover that maximizes existing HFC investments while helping cable operators remain competitive.Cloud-to-edge PON solutions for cable operators Bring HFC and FTTH together with a future-ready network that’s built for efficiency 2CommScope’s deep experience with DAA has helped inspire our cloud-to-edge next-gen PON solution suite. Our solutions are flexible, truly open, and dynamic, and they are designed to evolve seamlessly and cost effectively from HFC to all-fiber. Whether deploying EPON or GPON/XGS-PON, MSOs can trust CommScope to deliver solutions that leverage their existing infrastructure while allowing them to manage mixed networks in parallel through a single pane of glass.Target broadband access architecturesWith CommScope, MSOs can choose the right network migration path for their service and business goals, with the expert help they’ll need to execute even the most ambitious PON rollouts successfully. And with our complete fiber connectivity portfolio and deep architectural expertise, our customers can trust that their active and passive networks are built to work together and optimized for their unique environments and business goals.HeadendOutside plant HomeConverged cable access platform (CCAP)Fiber AmplifiersTapFiber Amplifiers Shelf: PON remote OL Optical splittersNode: PON remote OL Shelf, Shelf: PON remote OL T (cabinet)The CommScope FLX™ portfolioThe CommScope FLX portfolio gives MSOs the flexibility they need to migrate their networks to PON on their own terms. Operators can choose to build out an EPON network with DPoE, which provides the fastest path to PON, requires minimal changes to headend and CPE infrastructure, and offers a low total CapEx. They can also deploy a GPON/XGS-PON network for maximum performance and a modern back office. Regardless of the PON technology they choose, operators can rely on CommScopeto deliver the solutions and expertise they need to execute the transition to PON successfully.The CommScope FLX portfolio also allows MSOs to have flexibility in architectural choices. They can begin with a traditional hardware-based infrastructure that runs management and control plane functions within the OLT. When they’re ready, operators can transition to a disaggregated, software-defined architecture that runs these services on COTS servers or in the cloud. This helps improve capital efficiencies, reduce operating expenses, and accelerate the rollout of new features.CommScope extends this flexibility from cloud to edge, offering OLT devices that can be deployed in central facilities such as the headend or hub, or remote locations such as strand-mounted node enclosures or cabinets. We also offer EPON and GPON ONU solutions that provide 1G and 10G service at the customer premises, and a complete line of network and OLT optics.ONU/ONT3 Cloud-to-edge PON solutions for cable operators Bring HFC and FTTH together with a future-ready network that’s built for efficiencyCloud-to-edge PON solutions for cable operatorsBring HFC and FTTH together with a future-ready network that’s built for efficiency 4Work smarter, not harder with ServAssure ® solutionsWhen cable operators are ready for what’s next in network device management and monitoring, they’re ready for ServAssure. ServAssure is a hardware and vendor-agnostic platform that gives service providers the visibility and control they need to streamline management, detect and prevent outages proactively, improve subscriber experiences, and reduce OpEx.ServAssure Domain Manager:Future-ready, universal infrastructureServAssure Domain Manager is a standards-based platform that gives service providers a single location from which to manage hardware and services. Automated workflows and tools provide continuous visibility and control across domains and vendors. The Domain Manager is modular and extendable with a variety of platform deployment options (cloud/virtualization).Key benefits·Optimize operations with a centralized,universal platform·Simplify device onboarding, configuring andlicensing with secure access·Save time managing devices with automation ·Improve performance with event and telemetry logging,visibility and export tools ·Reduce IT costs with automated, agiledeployment optionsServAssure NXT Performance Manager:Anticipate and solve tomorrow’s problems todayThe system uses artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML) and domain-specific analysis to predict and help remediate service disruptions, often before they affect subscribers. Reduce customer calls, truck rolls and service costs. Ideal for large system deployments, it’s also available as a hosted service for smaller to midsize service providers.CommScope has deep expertise in network management software, with thousands of subscriber termination systemsthat represent all major brands. CommScope’s solutions help service providers unleash the power of data to prevent and solve performance issues.Key benefits·Accelerate diagnosis/resolution times and enhance qualityof technician visits with AI and ML ·Identify and minimize risks proactively with actionable,detailed insights·Monitor network performance proactively and continuously withreal-time service alarms·Simplify troubleshooting with advanced tools for fieldtechnicians and network operations centers·Improve situational awareness using geo and logic map views5 Cloud-to-edge PON solutions for cable operators Bring HFC and FTTH together with a future-ready network that’s built for efficiencyTrusted FTTH cabling and connectivity solutionsBy leveraging CommScope’s complete line of FTTH passives and our deep expertise in inside and outside plant architectures, cable operators can trust that their next-gen PON networks are easy to deploy and optimized for end-to-end high performance. We offer a diverse line of cabinets, closures, terminals, and cabling to support any deployment type. Our innovative fiber indexing and optical tap technologies reduce the need for skilled labor and splicing in the outside plant. And with CommScope’s NOVUX™, the industry’s first modular FTTH ecosystem, we’re making connectivity easier to deploy than ever before.CommScope has been building passive networks for over 40 years. Our experience helps us guide cable operators on the right topologies for their unique networks, while considering the many factors that impact these critical decisions.For example, our interactive FTTH ePlanner helps network engineers and consultants easily understand and navigate the choices that go into transforming their conceptual network vision into a working design. From the central office, feeder, and distribution network to the inside of the customer’s home, each section introduces the key topologies, product types, and design considerations involved in building out the network. It uses interactive decision trees to help guide users through key decisions as they configure a customized broadband network design.Cloud-to-edge PON solutions for cable operators Bring HFC and FTTH together with a future-ready network that’s built for efficiency 6CommScope solves the unique PON challenges of rural deploymentIn rural environments, where housing density is low, deploying PON in a traditional centralized architecture can be a challenge from a cost and time to deploy perspective. However, MSOs can leverage their existing nodes infrastructure, available feeder fiber and take advantage of R-OLTs that can be housed into these nodes to significantly improve both time and costs of rural deployment. These benefits are revealed in detail when we review the key takeaways from a recent study conducted in an area with an average of 7.6 homes per mile (4.7 homes per kilometer). Similar to DAA deployments, the R-OLTs can be easily provisioned, monitored and new features updated in the field with additional operational efficiencies and savings coming from the use of a single management system for both technologies.Reduced facilities costs and deployment timeConstructing a traditional walk-in facility can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars per site and take several months to complete. But a 40-80% savings has been demonstrated with the re-use of existing housings and power available at the node and the use of environmentally hardened, smaller power footprint R-OLTs. We also found deployment time to be reduced by 70-80% when compared to the construction of traditional facilities, due to the reduction or elimination of costly and time-consuming permitting requirements.Increased hardware utilizationMany of today’s existing OLTs have been designed for high-density environments, which leads toinefficiencies in hardware utilization when they are deployed in rural markets. In our study, the use of environmentally hardened R-OLTs that can be deployed with low initial port counts and scaled through the addition of ports and the transition from a 1:128 split ratio to a 1:64 split ratio when more bandwidth capacity is required.Improved management and service efficiencyIn rural environments, it is critical to control the costs of networkmaintenance and management. We discovered that R-OLTs contributed to a reduction in the volume and complexity of truck rolls in low-density environments. These savings are derived from several features of CommScope’s R-OLT and ServAssure solutions, which include cloud-based management, zero-touch provisioning, proactive performance management, and the ability to deliver updates and new features over the network, which is similar with DAA deployments.Optimized outside plant investmentsCovering long distances with fiber to reach relatively few homes can strain the finances of rural service providers. But the fiber-efficient nature of R-OLTs combined with sound topology choices were shown to help. By placing the last active device deeper in the network, fiber counts and their associated costs were reduced substantially in the feeder network. Passive connectivity costs were driven even lower thanks to deploying R-OLTs deeper in the network. This allows CommScope’s cascaded, tap, and indexingtechnologies—which benefit from the increased optical budget—to be used, creating up to a 33% savings in labor costs.7 Cloud-to-edge PON solutions for cable operators Bring HFC and FTTH together with a future-ready network that’s built for efficiencyWhy CommScope?CommScope not only offers a comprehensive portfolio of solutions that spans multiple network architectures, but we also offer the expertise it takes to bring them together in a 360-degree view. With CommScope on your team, you can anticipate and solve tomorrow’s challenges as you evolve for what is next.Deep expertiseWe’ve designed and deployednetworks of all types and all sizes—all around the globe. From HFC and DOCSIS to GPON, EPON, and 10G EPON, we’ve helped service providers evolve their networks with speed and success.Open and independent Our solutions are built for flexibility, allowing them tointegrate into today’s real-world environments seamlessly and at scale. We provide a hardware agnostic approach that is designed for today’s reality of mixed network technologies and multivendor environments.End-to-end solutions CommScope’s expertise does not begin and end with our hardware. We take a comprehensive approach to network evolution that spans actives, passives, hardware, software, data center, and cloud—and we offer theexpertise it takes to bring it all together.We transformwhat’s next in PONA unique combination of PON and HFC expertiseFor cable operators, the journey to next-gen PON begins with an understanding of existing network architectures, facilities, and infrastructure—then the planning begins. That’s where an experienced partner can make all the difference.CommScope’s Professional Services team can help MSOs make the transition to PON seamless, while reducing costs and time to deployment. Our deep expertise in HFC and FTTH networks helps us guide cable operators through the key decisions they need to make as they transition to PON.At CommScope, we understand the complex integration issues that can arise with mixed networks, and we can help ensure that there are no loose ends or blind spots throughout planning and deployment. Our Professional Services team consists of more than 1,300 professionals in 30 countries, and offers a diverse skill set that can expedite and improve the planning, design, and implementation of next-gen PON networks for cable operators worldwide.CommScope pushes the boundaries of communicationstechnology with game-changing ideas and ground-breakingdiscoveries that spark profound human achievement.We collaborate with our customers and partners to design,create and build the world’s most advanced networks. It is ourpassion and commitment to identify the next opportunity andrealize a better tomorrow. Discover more at .Visit our website or contact your local CommScope representative for more information.© 2022 CommScope, Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks identified by ™ or ® are trademarks or registered trademarks in the US and may be registered in other countries. All product names, trademarks and registered trademarks are property of their respective owners. This document is for planning purposes only and is not intended to modify or supplement any specifications or warranties relating to CommScope products or services.BR-116317-EN (04/22)。
１ ＰＯＮ技术及应用１ １ ＰＯＮ的定义和组成ＰＯＮ（ＰａｓｓｉｖｅＯｐｔｉｃａｌＮｅｔｗｏｒｋ，无源光网络）是一种应用于接入网，在局端设备与多个用户端设备之间，通过由无源的光缆、光分路器等组成的光分配网连接的网络。
ＰＯＮ为点到多点的结构，由ＯＬＴ（ＯｐｔｉｃａｌＬｉｎｅＴｅｒｍｉｎａｌ，光线路终端）、ＯＮＵ（ＯｐｔｉｃａｌＮｅｔｗｏｒｋＵｎｉｔ，光网络单元）／ＯＮＴ（ＯｐｔｉｃａｌＮｅｔｗｏｒｋＴｅｒｍｉｎａｌ，光网络终端）和ＯＤＮ（ＯｐｔｉｃａｌＤｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎＮｅｔｗｏｒｋ，光分配网络）组成，在ＯＬＴ和ＯＮＵ／ＯＮＴ之间的ＯＤＮ没有任何的有源设备［１］。
１ ２ ＰＯＮ应用及组网结构现阶段主要应用的ＰＯＮ技术有ＥＰＯＮ和ＧＰＯＮ，各种ＰＯＮ技术最大的不同在于其数据链路层协议，数据链路层协议规定了上层数据信号的承接方式。
ＥＰＯＮ（ＥｔｈｅｒｎｅｔＰａｓｓｉｖｅＯｐｔｉｃａｌＮｅｔｗｏｒｋ，以太网无源光网络）基于ＩＥＥＥ８０２．３ａｈ标准，是以太网与ＰＯＮ的结合，其在物理层采用了ＰＯＮ技术，在链路层使用以太网协议，利用ＰＯＮ的拓扑结构实现了以太网的接入。
ＧＰＯＮ（Ｇｉｇａｂｉｔ－ＣａｐａｂｌｅＰＯＮ，吉比特无源光网络）基于ＩＴＵ－ＴＧ．９８４．ｘ标准，其在链路层采用通用成帧规程ＧＦＰ，扩展支持对Ｅｔｈｅｒｎｅｔ、ＴＤＭ、ＡＴＭ等多种业务封装成ＧＥＭ帧后由ＰＯＮ传输。
ＧＥＭ帧头包含帧长度指示字节，可用于可变长度数据包的传递，提高了传输效率，因此能更简单、通用、高效地支持全业务［２］。
随着高带宽业务的不断发展和用户侧接入技术的不断创新，用户接入带宽也不断提升，目前以１０Ｇ－ＥＰＯＮ和ＸＧＳ－ＰＯＮ为代表的１０ＧＰＯＮ技术已逐步开展应用。
ＰＯＮ作为一种应用范围极其广泛的接入网络，其组网方式多种多样，基本的网络结构如图１所示。
图１ ＰＯＮ网络结构示意图２ ＰＯＮ网络仪器仪表和网络工具工欲善其事必先利其器，处理网络故障离不开各种仪器仪表和网络工具，善于使用这些工具，对于故障的解决能起到事半功倍的效果。
