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引言又称前言，属于整篇论文的引论部分。

其写作内容包括：研究的理由、目的、背景、前人的工作和知识空白，理论依据和实验基础，预期的结果及其在相关领域里的地位、作用和意义。

引言的文字不可冗长，内容选择不必过于分散、琐碎，措词要精炼，要吸引读者读下去。

引言的篇幅大小，并无硬性的统一规定，需视整篇论文篇幅的大小及论文内容的需要来确定，长的可达700~800字或1000字左右，短的可不到100字。

附件：英文版学术论文格式样张The Researches on Rs Method for Discrete Membership Functions（空一行）ZHANG Xiaoya, LI Dexiang(题目14号字加黑居中) School of Management,Sichuan University, P.R.China, 610036 (10 号字居中)yuanfengxiangsheng@(10号字加黑) (空一行)Abstract Mizumoto used to advance a fuzzy reasoning method ,Rs,which fits the……Key words IDSS,Fuzzy reasoning,……号字)(空一行)1 Introduction (一级标题12号字加黑)We know that the approaches of implementation of intelligent decision support systems(IDSS)have become variable……(正文均用10号字)(空一行)2 An ExampleAccording to the definition of Rs,we can construct the fuzzy relation matrix,as shown in table 1Table 1 A Fuzzy Relation Rs (9号字加黑居中) U2U3U10.00 0.10 0.40 0.70……0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 ……0.20 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 ……(表中用9号字).….. …………………(空一行)Figure 1 Functions of……(9号字加黑居中)3 The Improved Method(空一行)3.1 Method one (二级标题10号字加黑)…………3.1.1 Discussing about method one (三级标题10号字)…………（空一行）3.2 Method two……………………(空一行)4 Conclusion (12号字加黑)…………(空一行)References (12号字加黑居中)（空一行）[1] M.Mizumoto,H.J.Zimmermann. comparision of fuzzy reasoning methods. Fuzzy Sets andSystems ,8(1982),p253～283 (参考文献均用10号字)国际会议论文排版要求及样张关于论文1.论文的书写顺序时:标题、作者姓名、作者单位，邮箱，摘要、关键词、引言、正文、结论、参考文献。

英文作文outline模板1. Introduction。

The topic I want to discuss is...This is an important issue because...It affects people in different ways and has a significant impact on society.2. Background Information。

To understand this topic, it's important to know...This issue has been present for many years and has evolved over time.Various factors have contributed to the current situation.3. Personal Experience。

I have personally experienced this issue when...It made me realize the importance of addressing this problem.Many people can relate to this experience and understand its significance.4. Statistics and Data。

Research shows that...The numbers speak for themselves and highlight the severity of the issue.It's important to consider these statistics when discussing potential solutions.5. Challenges and Obstacles。

学术英语outline范文Title: The Impact of Technology on Education.I. Introduction.A. Background information on the use of technology in education.B. Statement of the problem.C. Purpose of the study.D. Significance of the study.II. Literature Review.A. Overview of previous research on technology in education.B. Advantages and disadvantages of technologyintegration.C. Current trends in educational technology. III. Methodology.A. Research design.B. Data collection methods.C. Data analysis techniques.IV. Findings.A. Summary of research findings.B. Analysis of data.C. Implications of the findings.V. Discussion.A. Interpretation of the results.B. Comparison of findings with previous research.C. Limitations of the study.VI. Conclusion.A. Summary of the study.B. Recommendations for future research.C. Conclusion statement.VII. References.这个outline范文涵盖了论文的各个部分，包括引言、文献综述、方法论、研究结果、讨论、结论和参考文献。

2.2 Symbols involving religion
2.2.1Dead priest and his abandoned belongings—collapse of the religious belief
2.2.2The wild garden—spiritual paralysis
2.2.3The chalice—boy’s yearning for beautiful love
A Paralysed Wilderness
—The Appreciation and Analysis of Symbols inAraby
Thesis statement:The symbols regarding the setting, religion and characters inArabyare ingeniously adopted, which manifests a stretch of paralysed wilderness typical ofDublinand contributes immensely to the success of the short story.
Outline:
1.Introduction
2.Demonstration
2.1 Symbols regarding the setting
2.1.1Blind alley inNorth Richmond Street—hopelessness, bleakness, and ignorance
2.1.2Houses and gardens in the street—decay and gloom
2.3 cters
2.3.1Mangan’s sister—boy’s pursuit of dream