定语从句常见错误
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定语从句常见错误种种定语从句是一种重要的语法句式,也是学习难点和高考热点。
许多学生在处理定语从句时,经常出现如下错误:1.定语从句中谓语动词的单、复数错误①错:The man who live downstairs will help me.对:The msn who lives downstairs will help me.②错:Anyone who break the law will be punished.对:Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.③错:Tom is one of those girls Who likes pop music.对:Tom is one of those girls who like pop music.④错:She is the only one of the girls who were late for the meeting.对:She is the only one of the girls who was later for the meeting.析:定语从句中动词的单复数形式常依先行词的形式而定。
如例①,例②中先行词man,anyone是单数,从句中的动词也相应用单数。
在“one of+复数名词+定语从句”结构中,定语从句中的动词常用复数形式,如例③。
但有时为了强调one,在one前有the或the only等限定词时,定语从句中的动词依one而定,用单数,如例④。
2.定语从句中作主语的关系代词被错误地省去①错:A dictionary is a book gives the meaning of word. 对:A dictionary is a book wich gives the meaning of words. ②错:Those wish to go to the park must be at the gate by 7:50. 对:Those who wish to go to the park must be at the gateby 7:50.析:在定语从句中作主语的关系代词是不可省略的。
定语从句中常见错误例析在使用定语从句过程中,有些学生往往会出现这样或那样的错误.为避免这些错误,现对一些常见错误作以归纳:1 从句中多余宾语[误] The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth.[正] The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put into my mouth.上例中,关系代词that或which在定语从句中作宾语,可省去,因此,从句中宾语it多余.2 从句中缺少主语[误] He is the professor gave us a speech yesterday.[正] He is the professor who gave us a speech yesterday.关系代词who 或that在定语从句中做主语不能省略,否则,句子结构不完整.3 从句中主谓不一致[误]I, who is your friend, will try my best to help you.[正]I, who am your friend, will try my best to help you.定语从句中,关系代词做主语时,应注意主谓一致,也就是说,根据先行词的人称和数来确定从句中谓语动词的形式.如:-I just spoke to the doctor who is an eye specialist.He was the only one of youngest girls who plays in the band.4搭配错误[误]Don’t talk about such thin gs that you do not understand.[正]Don’t talk about such things as you do not understand.在such…as结构中,as所引导的中定语从句时,不能用其它关系代词代替,但在the same…as结构中,如属同类则用as,如: 如Y ou’ve made the same mistake as I did ,not changed ,not another or others作之意时,则需用that,如Y ou’ve made t he same mistake that you made last time。
浅谈“定语从句”学习中的几个常见误区定语从句是高中英语语法的重要内容,也是历年高考的热点之一。
然而由于课时和学生对语法的理解能力所限,许多学生对这一从句感到困惑。
为此,我从“定语从句”学习过程中的几个常见误区入手,谈谈定语从句的特征和应用。
1 误区一:“一知半解”定语从句是学生在初中阶段就涉及到的一种从句,很多高中学生对它一知半解,遇到了定语从句就机械地照搬例句,没有真正理解这种从句的结构。
要真正掌握它的结构,首先必须区分清楚定语从句中的主句和从句。
定语从句属于主从复合句之一,那么怎么判断一个定语从句中的主句和从句呢?最基本的方法是:由定语从句的引导词(关系代词或关系副词)引出的修饰和限定先行词的分句为从句,除了从句其余部分则为主句。
例如:(1) The man先行词whom we visited last Sunday is an advanced worker.(误)(2) The man先行词whom we visited last Sunday is an advanced worker(正)有些学生不理解以上方法,误认为只要由引导词引出的(引导词后面的)部分便是从句,比如例(1)对从句部分的分析就是错误的。
由引导词引出是条件之一,修饰和限定先行词的分句才能算从句。
限制性定语从句中作宾语用的引导词whom,which,that常省略,在这种情况下,要找到一个定语从句中的主、从句可以根据先行词的词性——名词(词组),代词,也可能是整个主句的特点来判断从句的位置:定语从句往往出现在先行词的后面。
除了从句其余的部分则为主句。
例如:Here are(the New Year Cards)主句(先行词)I have just received2 误区二:“定向思维”学生在学习定语从句时,往往会受“定向思维”的影响,一看到逗号就认为是非限制性定语从句。
如:(3)If you’ve really said it to her, will cause real trouble.A. thatB. WhichC. asD. What此题会误选B,正确答案是A。
常见病句类型定语从句结构错误的问题及修改方法常见病句类型:定语从句结构错误的问题及修改方法定语从句是英语语法中常见的句子结构,用于修饰名词或代词。
然而,很多学习者在使用定语从句时常常出现结构错误的问题。
本文将探讨常见的定语从句结构错误类型,并提供相应的修改方法,以帮助学习者有效地避免这些问题。
一、缺少关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中,关系代词"that, who, whom, which"和关系副词"where, when, why"起着连接前后两个句子的作用。
然而,很多学习者在书写过程中会忘记添加这些关系词,导致句子结构错误。
错误示例1:“I met a girl is from China.”错误示例2:“The book I bought was very interesting.”修改方法:加上适当的关系代词或关系副词。
正确示例1:“I met a girl who is from China.”正确示例2:“The book that I bought was very interesting.”二、使用错误的关系代词或关系副词关系代词和关系副词在引导定语从句时需要根据引导词在从句中所起的作用来选择适当的形式。
然而,一些学习者常常混淆关系词的用法,导致句子结构错误。
错误示例1:“The person which helped me was very kind.”错误示例2:“I visited the city where the Great Wall was built it.”修改方法:根据引导词在从句中所起的作用来选择适当的关系代词或关系副词。
正确示例1:“The person who helped me was very kind.”正确示例2:“I visited the city where the Great Wall was built.”三、缺乏主谓一致性定语从句的谓语动词应该和先行词所指代的名词或代词在人称和数方面保持一致。
常见病句类型定语从句结构混乱常见病句类型:定语从句结构混乱病句类型之一:定语从句结构混乱定语从句是英语中一种常用的句子结构,用来修饰名词。
它通常由关系词引导,用来给出关于被修饰名词的更多信息。
然而,在使用定语从句时,很容易出现结构混乱的问题,从而导致句子不通顺或含义模糊。
本文将介绍常见的定语从句结构混乱的病句类型,并探讨如何避免这些问题。
病句类型一:主从结构颠倒在定语从句中,主语和从句之间的关系是主从关系,主语在定语从句中充当从句的先行词。
然而,有时候我们会不小心颠倒这一关系,导致句子结构混乱。
例如:1. 错误:The book I read it was interesting.(我读的书很有趣。
)正确:The book that I read was interesting.在这个例子中,从句“that I read”作为主语修饰先行词“book”,我们不需要在主句中再次提及主语“it”。
病句类型二:关系词与先行词不一致在定语从句中,关系词应该与先行词在性、数、人称上保持一致。
然而,有时候我们会将关系词错误地与其他名词搭配,导致句子不通顺或含义模糊。
例如:1. 错误:The boy whom his sister is very kind.(这个男孩他的姐姐很善良。
)正确:The boy whose sister is very kind.在这个例子中,我们将关系词“whom”错误地与先行词“boy”搭配,而正确的关系词应该是“whose”,与先行词“boy”的所有格形式保持一致。
病句类型三:关系词缺失或多余在定语从句中,关系词起到引导从句和连接主句与从句之间的作用。
然而,有时候我们会忘记使用关系词,或者多余地使用关系词,都会导致句子含义不明或结构混乱。
例如:1. 错误:The car I bought expensive.(我买的车很贵。
)正确:The car that I bought is expensive.在这个例子中,我们忘记使用关系词“that”来引导定语从句,导致句子结构混乱。
定语从句改错题及其解析定语从句是英语语法中的重要组成部分,也是高考的热点和难点。
在实际的教学过程中,我发现学生对于定语从句的理解和使用存在着诸多问题,如对先行词的把握不准、关系词的使用不当、对定语从句的理解不够深入等。
为了帮助学生更好地理解和掌握定语从句,提高其英语语法运用能力,本文将结合一些典型的定语从句改错题进行解析,以期能够帮助学生更好地掌握定语从句。
一、定语从句的构成及作用定语从句是用来修饰、限定名词或代词的从句,通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。
定语从句的作用主要是对被修饰的名词或代词进行解释、说明,进一步明确先行词的意义。
二、定语从句改错题分析在分析定语从句改错题之前,我们需要了解一些常见的定语从句错误类型,如关系词使用错误、时态错误、语态错误等。
接下来,我们将针对这些错误类型,结合一些典型的定语从句改错题进行解析。
1. 关系词使用错误关系词是定语从句的重要组成部分,常用的关系词有that、which、who、whom、as等。
关系词使用错误通常表现为漏用、错用或混用关系词。
例如:(原句)The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(错误)(修正)The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.(正确)在原句中,使用了that作为关系词引导定语从句,但根据语法规则,应该使用which作为关系词。
因此,修正后的句子为“The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.”。
2. 时态和语态错误时态和语态是定语从句中常见的错误类型,主要表现为未考虑主句和从句之间的时间关系,导致时态和语态使用不当。
例如:(原句)The problem is when we will finish the project with all the difficulties we are facing.(错误)(修正)The problem is when we will finish the project despite all the difficulties we are facing.(正确)在原句中,使用了一般现在时来描述问题,但未考虑到从句中存在将来时态“will finish the project”,因此需要使用相应的时态和语态来表达。
定语从句常见错误1. She used to help my brother, who was very kind of her.【改】将who改为which。
【析】犯这类错误的主要原因是把mybrother错当成了先行词。
关系代词which指代的先行词是整个主句,它引导非限定性定语从句。
2. Do you still remember the day when we spent together in China last year?【改】将when改为that / which或将when删除。
【析】犯这类错误的主要原因是没有弄清关系代词与关系副词的用法区别。
不能因为先行词表示时间就一定用关系副词when, 而要学会准确把握句子的结构,正确分析句子的成分。
例句中定语从句要用关系代词引导,并在定语从句中作spent的宾语。
3. The way which you look at problems is wrong.【改】在which前加in或者将which改为that,也可将which删除。
【析】当先行词是the way时,定语从句常用that / in which引导,that / in which也可省略。
4. We were interested in the things and people whom we saw during the trip.【改】将whom改为that。
【析】当先行词既有人又有物时,定语从句用关系代词that引导,that作宾语时可省略。
5. It was in the kitchen where the fire broke out.【改】将where改为that。
【析】犯这类错误的主要原因是把强调句型与定语从句混为一谈了。
例句为强调句型,强调的是地点状语in the kitchen。
6. Is this factory that you have been working in since your graduation?【改】在that前加the one。
定语从句常见错误
1.缺先行词
(1)观察:Is this school that you visited last yeas?
变为陈述句:This school is ___________ _______ that you visited last year?
该句缺先行词,应在school后面加上________________.又因为关系代词在从句中做________________,关系词可选_______________________________________。
所以句子写为_______________________________________________________
(2)观察:This is __________ I want to say.
缺先行词,补充先行词_________________________l, 关系代词用________________________
所以句子写为_______________________________________________________
练习:
1.Is this the watch_________ you bought yesterday? Which of the following is wrong?
A. the one
B. that
C. which
D.\
2.Is this watch_________ you bought yesterday?
A. which
B. that
C. the one
D.\
2.缺引导词。
改错:Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth.
应在children后加上___________________________,关系代词做_________________时不能省略。
改错:
The child ,helped the lady manage to find her lost pet dog, was praised.
3.成分重复。
改错:This is the house where I lived there years ago.
Where和there 句子成分重复,应去掉________________________
练习:
1.The book _____is not in the school library.
A that I need it
B I need it
C which I need it
D I need
2.改错:I have lost my mobile phone, which I like it very much.。