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if可以引导真实条件句和虚拟条件句

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if可以引导真实条件句和虚拟条件句

thUnit10 Jan.18

P86-92

Words: hire, fail, accident, robbery, fire, thief, prison, apologize

phrases&structures:复习if引导的真实语态和虚拟时态

一. if 条件句

if可以引导真实条件句和虚拟条件句。真实条件句表示在假设的条件下，能够实现的情况。在这种情况下，主句

和从句的谓语动语随各自的人称和时态发生变化，同时if条件句遵循“主将从现”的原则，即主句用一般将来时，从

句用一般现在时表将来。

If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go for a picnic. 如果明天不下雨，我们去野餐。

如果if条件句用来描述说话人认为与事实相反的内容，或仅是一种愿望，假设、猜测等，我们称为虚拟条件句。

If I got rich , I would travel around the world. 如果我有钱了，我将周游全世界。

二.虚拟语气

区分 条件从句 主句 例句

If+主语+过去式If I were rich, I would buy a big 主语+would/should/could/ might+?与现在事实相反 (be多用house. 如果我有钱，我将买一所动词原形„ were)„ 大房子。

If I had read this article earlier, I If+主语+had+过主语+would/should/could/might+ would not have made

this kind of 与过去事实相反 去分词„ have+过去分词„ mistake.如果我早读过这篇文章，

我就不会犯这样的错误了。

If+主语+过去式

(be多用were)If it were to rain tomorrow, the 主语+would/should/could/might+与将来事实相反 /should+动词原match would be

put off. 如果明天动词原形„ 形/were to+动词下雨，比赛就会被推迟。

原形„

三、根据句意及括号中的提示完成句子。

1. —I often get nervous when I have an English class. What should I

do?

—If I were you, I . (ask the English teacher for help) 2. —What

would the earth be like if there ?(is no air or water on it)

—It could be like the moon without any living things.

3. If it ,the crops would be saved. (is to rain tomorrow) 4. If we

had found him earlier, we .(solve the problem more easily) 5. If I

hadn’t been so busy, I .(take part in the party) 四、单选。

( )1. If my father here now, he tell me what to do.

A. were, would B. were, will C. is would D. is will ( )2. If I a bee,

I work much harder.

A. were, would B. were, shall C. had, will D. have, should ( )3. If

I much money, I buy a house. A. have, will B. had, would C. had, will D. have, should ( )4. He

learn more quickly if he harder.

A. will, work B. would , worked C. would, work D. will, worked ( )5.

If I you, I do that.

A. was, wouldn’t were, wouldn’t C. am, won’t D. were, won’t

( )6. It’s quite impossible that it will rain tomorrow. But if

it ,I would still go to the park.

A. should rains B. would rain C. rained D. had rained

五、汉泽英

1. 如果我是你，我会帮助她。If I you, I her. 2. 如果我以前去过那个地方，我就认识路了。(和 相反)

If I to the place before, I the way. 3. 万一你明天迟到了，我们就不等你了。(和 相反)

If you tomorrow, we for you.=If you late tomorrow, we for you.

4. 如果没有空气，地球上就不存在生物。

If there no air, there no living things.

Homework

掌握if 句型

背课文及单词并完成练习册

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if引导的非真实条件句

if引导的非真实条件句

if引导的非真实条件句

If引导的条件句是英语中常用的句型之一，用于表达假设、虚拟情况或不可能实现的条件。在非真实条件句中，我们可以使用不同的时态和语气来表示不同的意思。接下来，本文将详细介绍If引导的非真实条件句的用法和相关细节。

一、表示无法实现的条件

1. 虚拟语气（与现在事实相反）

如果现在条件与事实相反，我们可以使用虚拟语气来表达。在这种情况下，如果引导的非真实条件句中的谓语动词使用过去式形式，主句中的动词应该使用would/could/might + 动词原形。

例如：

If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky.（如果我是一只鸟，我就会在天空中飞翔。）

If she had more time, she could finish the project.（如果她有更多时间，她就能完成这个项目。）

2. 过去完成时（与过去事实相反）

当条件与过去事实相反时，我们可以使用过去完成时来表达。在这种情况下，If引导的非真实条件句中的谓语动词使用过去完成时形式，主句中的动词应该使用would/could/might + have + 过去分词。

例如： If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.（如果我学得更努力，我就会通过考试。）

If they had arrived earlier, we could have watched the sunset.（如果他们早点到达，我们就可以欣赏到日落。）

二、表示可能实现的条件

1. 一般现在时（与现在事实相符）

如果条件与现在事实相符，我们可以使用一般现在时来表达。在这种情况下，If引导的非真实条件句中的谓语动词使用一般现在时形式，主句中的动词通常使用will/shall/can/may/must等情态动词。

例如：

If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我们就会呆在家里。）

If-引导条件句的用法

If-引导条件句的用法

If 引导条件句的用法

1、真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中 if 是如果的意思。

时态关系

句型： 条件从句 主句

一般现在时 shall/will + 动词原形

If he comes, he will bring his violin.

典型例题

The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.

A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained

答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。

注意：

1〕 在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will.

(错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.

(对) If you leave now, you will never regret it.

2〕 表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。

2 非真实条件句

1〕时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的根本特点是时态退后。

a. 同现在事实相反的假设。

句型 ： 条件从句 主句

一般过去时 should( would) +动词原形

If they were here, they would help you.

b. 表示于过去事实相反的假设。

句型： 条件从句 主句

过去完成时 should(would) have+ 过去分词

If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.

The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.

if 条件状语从句

if 条件状语从句

if引导的条件状语从句

引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if，常见的if条件状语从句表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。如：

一， 第一类：

1） 表示普遍真理和客观事实：

If you heat ice ,it melts .

If you pour oil on water,it floats.

不受时间限制的自然法则的条件句，主句，从句都是一般现在时。

2） 表示习惯性的动作

If I make a promise , I take it .

If it rains ,I go to work by car.

表示一个现在习惯性的动作，主句和从句的谓语动词都是一般现在时。

3） 表示过去的习惯性，经常的动作

If it rained,I went to work by car.

If I was hungry, I usually had a full meal.

主句和从句谓语动词要依据时间来变为一般过去时。

Activity：questions and answers :

What do you like to drink if you are very thirsty? How many days are there in February it it is a leap year ?

Who do people go and see if they get ill ?

第二类：

If we catch the 10 o’clock train ,we shall (will ,can,

may,must ,should ) get there in time .

If it is fine tomorrow ,we can have a picnic somewhere.

If you wake up before me , give me a call .

if的虚拟语气的用法例句

if的虚拟语气的用法例句

if的虚拟语气的用法例句

一、if的虚拟语气简介

虚拟语气是英语中一种特殊的语法现象，常用于表示假设情况、与实际情况相反的条件或无法实现的愿望等。if引导的条件句中，根据其所表示的条件类型和时间性质，使用不同形式的虚拟语气。

二、与现在事实相反的虚拟语气

1. 假设条件：如果+动词过去式（be动词用were）

例句：If I were a bird, I would fly high in the sky.

2. 假设条件：如果+动词过去完成时（had + 过去分词）

例句：If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.

三、与现在事实相反但可能实现的虚拟语气

1. 假设条件：如果+动词过去式（be动词用were）

结果：主将从现

例句：If it rained tomorrow, I would stay at home.

2. 假设条件：如果+动词过去完成时（had + 过去分词）

结果：主将从现完成

例句：If he had invited me, I would have gone to the party.

四、与过去事实相反的虚拟语气

1. 假设条件：如果+主语+had + 动词过去分词 结果：主语+would/could/might + have + 过去分词

例句：If I had known the truth, I would have made a different decision.

2. 假设条件：如果+主语+had not +过去分词形式，结果也用一般过去时态

例句：If we hadn't missed the train, we would have arrived on time.

五、与将来事实相反的虚拟语气

1. 假设条件：如果+动词过去式（be动词用were）