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高考英语动词及动词短语知识点及高频考点练习（含答案）动词及其词组的灵活运用是英语的特色之一，也是学生学习中的难点，因此每年均为测试的重点。
在历年高考试题中动词所占的比例最大，设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词(短语)意义的理解和运用。
其考点主要包括：1.考查动词词义辨析。
包括常见动词用法辨析、近义词辨析、词形相近词辨析和用法相近词辨析。
2.考查动词短语辨析。
主要包括同根动词短语的辨析、同根介词或副词的动词短语的辨析、不同动词构成的动词短语的辨析以及“动词＋副词＋介词”短语的辨析。
在动词词组的测试中，绝大多数为基础动词，出现频率较高的词有：get，turn，make，put，go，give，break，cut，come，look，keep，bring，show，pick，hold，fall，carry，pull，catch，call，take 等。
高考对动词、动词短语的考查，除了考查其基本含义辨析外，更注重动词(短语)的新义和引申义，如：polish 抛光，磨光(本意)→修正，文饰(引申); sniff 嗅，闻(本意)→鄙视地说，嗤之以鼻(引申); stir 移动，搅拌(本意)→煽动(引申); break down 发生故障，失灵，失效(本意)→坍塌，崩溃，瓦解，中断，中止(引申)，同时还有“恸哭”之意； look into 向里面看(本意)→调查，研究(引申)，同时还有“浏览”之意； work out 的基本意思为“解决，算出，制订出”，较生意思为“锻炼”。
3.考查系动词、半系动词用法。
动词作系动词用时，后面常接形容词、名词、分词和不定式等，此时动词没有进行时和被动语态。
这类动词有：appear, become, feel, look, sound, seem, taste, prove, remain, stay, smell, grow, turn, go, come, fall, stand, lie, exist 等。
动词和动词短语1．接不定式(不接动名词>作宾语的24个常用动词afford(买得起；有能力做>，agree(同意>，arrange(安排>，ask(要求；让>，beg(请求>，fail(失败>，choose(选择>，decide(决定>，demand(要求>，determine(决定>，expect(期待>，fear(害怕>，help(帮助>，hope(希望>，learn(学习>，manage(设法>，offer(提出>，plan(计划>，prepare(准备>，pretend(假装>，promise(许诺>，refuse(拒绝>，want(想要>，wish(希望>NqFaLH4sHkIt is a very important exam so I can’t afford to fail it.NqFaLH4sHk这是非常重要的考试，我不可以失败。
My neighbour offered to help me when I was in trouble.NqFaLH4sHk当我困难时，邻居主动提出帮我忙。
2．接动名词(不接不定式>作宾语的28个常用动词admit(承认>，advise(建议>，allow(允许>，appreciate(感激>，avoid(避免>，consider(考虑>，delay(推迟>，deny(否认>，dislike(不喜欢>，enjoy(喜欢>，escape(逃避>，fancy(想象>，finish(完成>，forbid(禁止>，stand(忍受>，imagine(想象>，keep(继续>，mention(提到>，mind(介意>，miss(错过>，permit(允许>，practise(练习>，prohibit(禁止>，report(报道>，risk(冒险>，stop(停止>，suggest(建议>，understand(理解>NqFaLH4sHkI really appreciate working with someone who does such a good job.NqFaLH4sHk我非常乐意与工作如此出色的人共事。
专题五单项选择1.(2009·西安八校联考)He'll most of hisfortune to the poor after he is retired，just as BillGates did.A.give awayB.give inC.give outD.give up解析：考查动词词组辨析。
句意：当他退休的时候，他要像比尔·盖茨那样把大部分的财产捐赠给穷人。
give away赠送，分送，颁发，放弃(机会)；give in屈服，投降，退让(to)；give out用完，散发，公布，发表，耗尽；give up放弃，认输，抛弃，停止(做某事)。
只有give away合乎语境。
答案：A2.(2009·西安八校联考)Don't yourself to thesun for too long.You'll get sunburned.A.exposeB.showC.leadD.link解析：考查动词辨析。
句意：你不要在太阳下暴晒得太久了，你会被晒伤的。
expose暴露，显露。
答案：A3.(2009·西安八校联考)If better use is of yourspare time，you'll make great progress in it.A.spentB.madeC.takenD.thought解析：考查固定搭配。
将本句变成主动语态“If you better use of your spare time，you'll make great progress in it.”便可以看出，此处为固定搭配make use of(利用)，故选B 项。
答案：B4.(2009·西安八校联考)“It is not what you know but whoyou know that if you want to find a job in thiscompany.”he said angrily.A.dependsB.countsC.reliesD.attracts解析：考查动词辨析。
高考英语动词和动词短语【2021年】1．（2021·天津卷）Henry David Thoreau was happy to ________ from social life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life.A．judge B．differ C．withdraw D．benefit【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
句意：亨利·大卫·梭罗乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系。
A. judge判断；B. differ不同；C. withdraw抽身，撤退；D. benefit有益于。
根据后文“seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life”可知Henry David Thoreau在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系，所以他乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，withdraw from“离开”。
故选C。
2.（2021·天津卷）With that thought in mind, Pruitt 22 a plan and posted it on the community website. He 23 to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he would repair-again for free. And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn't have the budget to buy one.22．A．came up with B．stuck to C．gave up D．broke away from23．A．remembered B．refused C．hesitated D．offered 【答案】22．A 23．D【解析】22．考查动词短语辨析。
专题六动词与动词词组高考真题回顾1.Just as Professor Scotti often it, success is ninety-nine percent mentalattitude.（2009年安徽卷）A. getsB. makesC. putsD. means【考点】考查动词短语的辨析【解析】A项的get 得到，get it意为“懂得，了解,受罚”；B项的make做，制造，make it意为“成功，及时到达”；C项的put放，put it意为put it“表达”；D项的mean意味着，mean it意为“当真”。
分析语境可知这是在引用Scotti教授说的话，应该用动词puts, as sb puts it意为“正如某人所说的”，符合题意。
故答案选C。
【翻译】正如Scotti教授经常表述的一样，成功是99%的精神态度。
【扩展】连词as在这里引导的是方式状语从句，意为“依照，正如…”，又如：As I said earlier, this company has just started.正如我之前说过的，这个公司才刚刚成立。
【脱口而出】2.The Somali robbers’frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations to______all nations to take immediate action.（2009年福建卷）A. fight forB. apply forC. call onD. wait on【考点】考查动词短语的辨析【解析】fight for 意为“与……做斗争；为……而战”；apply for 意为“申请”；call on 意为“拜访（人）；号召”；wait for 意为“等待，伺候，服伺”。
经分析可知，只有选项C 符合句意。
【翻译】索马里海盗在海上频繁的抢劫促使联合国号召所有国家立即采取行动。
动词和动词短语一、系动词1．表示人或事物特征和状态的系动词，如smell，live，look，sound，feel，seem，appear等。
例如：The actor looked his part．那个演员看上去和他演的角色很相称。
He appears fl normal person．他看来是一个正常人。
2．表示状态的变化，如go，grow，run，turn，become，wash，get，turn OUt，come等。
例如：His dream has come true．他的梦想成真了。
The river went dry．河流干涸了。
3．表示某种状态的持续或延续，如last，stand，lie，keep，stay，continue，hold等。
例如：He stayed young．他依然年轻。
He told me to keep calm under all circumstances．他告诉我在任何情况下都要保持镇静。
注意：常用系动词及与之搭配的形容词：①feel：sorry，lonely，proud，shy。
happy等。
②get：late，fat，dark，worse，angry，well等。
③go：hungry，bad，lame，broken，mad，blind等。
④grow：worse，calm，cold，old，thin，big，fat，dark 等。
⑤keep：calm，fine，quiet，warm，happy等。
⑥look：strong，tired，fit，nervous，friendly，pretty，excellent等。
⑦remain：single，unmarried，calm，open，active，silent 等。
⑧prove：false，correct，easy，difficult，useful等。
⑨turn：yellow，grey，pale，red，black，green，cold等。
初一英语动词和动词短语试题1.— What are you going to do? — I`m going to have my hair _______A．cut B．to cutC．be cut D．cutting【答案】A【解析】句意：你要做什么？？——我要把我的头发剪了。
Have sth done把某事做了，过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动的动作，cut的过去分词和原形动词词性一致，故选A。
【考点】考查非谓语动词2. How _____ your weekend?A．did B．wasC．were D．are【答案】B【解析】句意：你的周末过得怎么样？主语your weekend是单数形式，故谓语用单数形式。
how后接be 动词，表示怎么样，如何。
故选B。
【考点】考查主谓一致的用法。
3. -----How _______ your mother? ------She is fine.A．is B．am C．are D．/【答案】A【解析】句意：你的母亲怎么样？——她很好。
本句中your mother表示单数第三人称，故系动词用单数，选A。
【考点】考查主谓一致4.—________ you listen to the news yesterday morning?—No, I ________.A．Were; wasn’t B．Do; don’tC．Did; didn’t D．Did; did【答案】C【解析】句意：--昨天你听新闻了吗?—没有听。
因为第一句的谓语动词是实意动词，所以变一般疑问句时在句首加do的形式，根据时间状语yesterday morning可知应该用一般过去时did，其答语还是用did来回答。
故选C。
【考点】考查一般疑问句。
5.—John, how do you like the game?—Very exciting, but it ________ me a lot of time.A．wants B．spendsC．pays D．takes【答案】D【解析】句意：—约翰，你认为这个游戏怎么样？—很令人兴奋。
一、动词的分类从其含义来分，动词可分为行为动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词四类: 1.行为动词包含1）及物动词：有完整的意义，能独立作谓语，可以有宾语，可以有被动语态，如：tell, ask, learn2）不及物动词：有完整的意义，能独立作谓语，不带宾语，没有被动语态，如：表示相对静止的状态，如：belong, love4）动作动词：有包含非延续性动词：表示短暂动作不能持续，不能同表示一段时间的状语连用，如：finish, start,leave,marry,die延续性动词：动作可以持续，可以同表示一段时间的状语连用，如：work, stay, sleep2 .连系动词包含：1）状态和特征:表示具有某种性质、特征和出于某种状态，如:sit, smell, live 2）变化:表示动词的动作和过程所产生的结果或状态，如：3）持续状态：表示某种持续的状态，如：stand, lie, keep, stay3.情态动词：表示说话人对所说行为的看法，必须与其他动词一起构成谓语。
如：shall, will can, may, must4.助动词助动词本身没有意义，不能独立作谓语，必须与其他动词一起构成谓语。
表现于否定、疑问、强调以及时态、语态、语气、人称和数等特征。
be, do, does, did, have, has, shall, will1、及物动词及物动词可以有宾语，可以由被动语态，如make, build, open等。
Watch him and then try to copy what he does.注意观看他,然后试着照他做的去做。
I don't know the restaurant, but it's said to be quite a good one.我不了解那家饭店，但据说是一家很好的饭店。
2、不及物动词She ran faster than him.她比他跑得快。
专题13 动词和动词短语【2020年】1.（2020·江苏卷）There will still be lots of challenges if we are to _____ garbage in a short time.A. clarifyB. justifyC. satisfyD. classify【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
句意：如果我们要在短时间内对垃圾进行分类，仍然会有很多挑战。
A. clarify 澄清；B. justify证明；C. satisfy 满足；D. classify分类。
根据空后garbage可知，此处指“对垃圾进行分类”。
故选D。
2. （2020·江苏卷）The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, ______ a new generation of virtual reality.A. allowing forB. accounting forC. calling forD. compensating for【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。
句意:6G的速度将超过125 GB/s，使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。
A. allowing for使……成为可能，促进……的发生；B. accounting for解释；C. calling for需要，要求；呼吁；D. compensating for补偿。
根据空前The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s可知，125 GB/s 的6G速度将使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。
故选A。
3．（2020·天津卷）I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother ______ him.A．drank a toast to B．played a joke onC．kept an eye on D．made an apology to【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。
高考英语试题-动词和动词短语专题1、Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we ______, but storms move in fast in the mountainsA.signed upB.calmed downC.checked outD. headed off答案：D解析：考查动词短语辨析。
句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。
A. signed up 注册、报名；B. calmed down冷静下来；C. checked out退房、结账离开；D. headed off启程、出发。
根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文“but storms move in fast in the mountains”可推知，此处指天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。
故选D。
2、They simply _______ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard.A. hold backB. relate toC. insist onD. make up答案：C解析：考查动词短语辨析。
句意：他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重。
A. hold back阻止；B. relate to有关联；C. insist on坚持；D. make up弥补。
根据上文“I can see you only if you can see me, too.”可知，孩子们的看法体现了他们坚持相互的承认和尊重。
故选C项。
3、When I first dated Steve, I _____ he had a dog, Molly, anda cat, Flora.A. fearedB. doubtedC. hopedD. learned答案：D解析：考查动词词义辨析。
动词和动词短语■考查范围在单项填空和完形填空中，对动词词义、动词短语的辨析以及动词搭配的考查一直是高考的热点。
因此在一轮的复习中要注重对动词及短语的含义及引申义进行归纳总结；突出对其在具体的语境中意义选择的把握。
因此，需要理解所有动词和动词词组的常用意义，掌握常考动词和动词词组的用法，并能熟练运用高频动词进行书面表达，而不必过于注重同义词的细微区别。
■高频考点高考对动词的考查重点集中在实义动词的常见意义和用法，而对助动词的考查较少。
对动词短语的考查重点是第1～3项，而考查第4～6项的情况较少。
高考试题分析■真题探究1.（2010安徽）No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone ______you wishing they were that highA. getting rid ofB. getting along withC. Looking up toD. looking down upon【答案与解析】C getting rid of意为“摆脱；去除”；getting along with意为“与……相处；进展”；Looking up to意为“尊敬；敬仰”；looking down upon意为“看不起；轻视”。
句意为“你无论认为自己怎样低下, 总希望有个高尚的人来尊敬你。
”2. （2010全国Ⅰ）The workers ______ the glasses and marked on each box “ This Side Up”A. carriedB. deliveredC. pressedD. packed【答案与解析】D 句意：工人们把玻璃制品包装好并且每个盒子上标记上“此面向上”。
选项为四个意思上毫无关联的动词, 此题考查动词的词义辨析。
carry 译为搬运, deliver译为递送, press译为按, 压, pack译为打包。
第四讲动词和动词短语考点一动词的分类1，及物动词：可直接加宾语。
如：do, hate, like, marry, say, tell.2，不及物动词：加适当的介词后再加宾语。
如：come, go, arrive3，助动词：have (has, had),do (did, does)4，可接双宾语的动词如： show, buy, sell, offer, make, teach, award等，其用法为：1，动词+间宾（人）+直宾（物）buy me a book.2，动词+直宾+for（为）+间宾buy a book for me.3，动词+直宾+to（方向）+间宾show the book to me.5, 系动词：be （am, is, are, was, were）除be动词外，还有些动词可以用作连系动词，它们不能单独作谓语，必须与表语（多为形容词）一起构成合成谓语。
【对点演练】一. 单句语法填空，根据汉语提示完成句子。
1.You know how I ____(讨厌)math.2.He _________(进入)the room and shut the door.3.Do you ____(助动词)something to eat?4.He is saving up to buy a house ____(介词) his family.5.He ___(系动词) staying with friends this weekend.答案：1 hate 2came into 3have 4for 5is二. 单句语法改错1.Now I like to the film some.2.Will you go us? Sure!3.Love me as I love you？4.Do not expect him to show kindness for you.5.I will brain you if you don＇t keep quietly.答案：1去掉to 2 go后面加with 3Love前面加Do，且Love改love 4for改to 5quietly改quiet考点二动词辨析1. 重点掌握某些近义词的辨析如：admit, allow, permit; contain, include; receive, accept; want, wish, hope, expect; stay, remain, keep; discover, uncover等。
初一英语动词和动词短语试题答案及解析1.—Is there a football field? —Yes, _______! It’s the football field.A．Look at B．Listen C．Look D．Think【答案】C【解析】句意为：---那儿有足球场吗？---有。
看，那就是足球场。
Look at：看（某物），后接名词或代词， Listen 和 Look单独使用时，表示提醒注意“听”或“看”， Think：想。
根据语境，这里表示提醒对方注意“看”，故选C。
【考点】考查动词的用法辨析。
2. Each of the students ________ a book on the desk.A. hasB. haveC. is【答案】A【解析】句意：学生们每人有一本书在桌子上。
分析：each是形容词和代词两种词性，当后接of 时是代词。
介词后用复数名词（名词前有限定词）。
介词后直接接代词宾格（也是复数代词），同时强调的是个体，因此谓语动词用单数形式。
故选A【考点】考查动词的用法。
3. Thank you for________ me the good newsA. tellB. to tellC. telling【答案】C【解析】句意：谢谢你告诉我这个好消息。
本句中for是介词，后面接名词或者动名词作宾语，故选C。
【考点】考查非谓语动词4. Volunteers ______people ______the neighbourhood _____ different problems this weekend. A．help; in; with B．will help; in; withC．are going to help; with; in D．are helping; in; with【答案】B【解析】句意：志愿者在这个周末将帮助这个社区的人们解决不同的问题。
help...with...帮助某人做某事；in the neighbourhood作定语修饰people；据题意及this weekend句子要用一般将来时态，故选B。
英语中考语法选择解题动词、词组（沪）知识定位表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。
根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为行为动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词四类，有些动词是兼类词。
根据对动词和动词词组部分全国各省市中考试题的分析可知，今后该部分将是重点考查点之一。
动词短语是中考考查的一个热点，几乎每套题中都要设置2-3 个考查动词短语的。
其考查重点为：1、动词和动词词组辨析。
2、常用动词与名词、副词、介词构成的短语动词的基本含义和引申义知识梳理一、连系动词考点例析由于英语连系动词用法灵活，用途广泛，在很多情况下只有连接作用而没有具体的意义，因此，导致很多学生往往无法正确选择合适而又正确的连系动词来构建句子，说出或写出错句。
因此，连系动词成为很多地方中考英语单项选择题中不可缺少的考查点。
二、情态动词考点例析初中英语中在主要的情态动词有can. must, may, needn’t, will, would, shall, should 等。
情态动词的最大特点，在于它的意义灵活性：说话人可根据自己表达意思的需要，选择不同的情态动词来表达自己对某件事发生的可能性或必然性的态度。
我们知道，can 常用来表示能力或请求，用于否定陈述句中则表示否定推测；may 表示请求与许可；must 表示必须做某事，在肯定句中与连系动词be 连用时，表示肯定推测；needn’t 常用于对含must 一般疑问句作否定回答。
情态动词的用法有别于我们汉语的表达方式，因此，考生容易离开考题所设情景，而主观地选择情态动词，从而造成错误。
三、动词时态考点例析中考英语单项选择题中，主要以初中阶段常用的一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时、一般将来时、现在进行时和过去进行时作为命题对象，动词时态类考题是各地单项选择题中的重点考查内容，重在考查考生如何识别不同时态的时间状语或如何根据上下文来确定句中动词的时态。
考生主要的错误在于对各种不同动词时态的时间状语掌握不清，以及与时态有关的动词的变化形式容易混淆。
【2019 •广西贵港中考】—Joe, don’t eat too much ice-cream.—OK，mom.But itreally good.A. feelsB. looksC. tastesD. sounds【参考答案】C【试题解析】feel 感觉起来；look 看起来；taste 尝起来；sound 听起来；四个词都是感官动词，根据句子里don’t eat too much ice-cream，不要吃太多冰淇淋可知冰淇淋是好吃的，用感官动词taste。
故选C。
此题考查系动词的用法，准确把握语境并掌握住这几个词的含义和用法，是做这道题的关键。
feel感觉；taste尝起来；sound听起来；look看起来。
这几个词后面都跟形容词作表语。
学生平时应注意积累常见系动词的用法。
连系动词分类常用词例句表示主语的状态、特征和身份等be(是)，look(看起来)，seem(似乎)，feel(感觉)，appear(出现)，smell(闻起来)，taste(尝起来)，sound(听起来)He is a good father. 他是一位好父亲。
She looks younger than before. 她看起来比以前年轻。
表示主语从一种状turn(转变)，become(成为)，get(得Everyone will grow old. 每个人都会变老。
态到另一种状态，但侧重于转变后的结果到)，grow(增长)，go(去)，fall(跌落)，come(来)，prove(证明)After a few years, the things got worse andworse. 几年后，情况变得越来越糟糕。
表示主语保持某种身份、特征或状态不变keep(保持)，remain(仍旧)，stay(保持)，continue(继续)The old man stays calm. 老人保持平静。
Keep quiet while you’re going around. 参观时要保持安静。
动词及动词短语知识点详解（初中英语专项复习）动词的分类实义动词1.believe词组believe in 确信，信任，信仰，主张make believe 假装（pretend to do sth.）seeing is believing 眼见为实2.blow词组blow about 吹散 blow away 吹走blow off 吹掉，吹散，吹灭blow out吹灭，走气blow up，放大（照片），吹大（气球），爆炸，发脾气3.break词组break away 摆脱，脱离break down 出故障，中止，分解、抛锚、破坏，粉碎；瓦解；衰弱，损坏；(健康等)垮掉，累垮；崩溃break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入，使顺服break into …闯入……，破门而入，突然开始，把(sth.)分成break (sth) off （使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止，打断，断绝break out （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发，准备使用；起锚break up vt. 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开，开垦，vi.结束4.bring词组bring back 拿（送）回来，使恢复，使回忆bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒bring down 使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下，浓缩，收缩，击落bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收bring out 拿出，公布，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出5.build词组build ... into 把...建设成，把...装入build up 增加，增进，建成，振兴build up to 增加6.call词组call away 叫走，把（注意力）转移开call at (sp) 访问（某地），拜访（某地），停泊在call back 回电话call for 提倡，号召，要求，需要，去接某人，接走某人，迎，取call / shout for help 呼救call in 请来，召集，来访，打电话，引入call off 取消，下令停止call on / upon 号召call on (sb) 拜访（某人），访问（某人）call out 大声呼喊，叫喊，唤起call up 给……打电话，使人想起，号召，召集7.catch词组catch /take fire 着火catch on 挂住，明白，理解，受欢迎catch out 发觉，抓住某人的错处8.check词组check in 报到，登记，投宿旅馆check off 检验，清点check on 检查，调查check out 查明，结帐，付款而离开旅馆check up 核对，检查，检验check with 商议，符合，核对无误e词组come about 发生，产生，（风，帆）改变方向come across 偶然相遇，想起；越过；偿付come along 一道来，随同，进展，出现come at …向……袭击，达到，求得，得到；扑向，袭击come back 回来，想起来，复原come down 下来，下落，倒下，降落；跌落；病倒come down to…到达，从一处来到另一处come for…来拿，来取come from…来自，出生于，起源于come in 进来，进入，流行起来；获名次come into being 形成，产生，出现come out 露出，出来，出现，出版，发（芽），（花）开，出版；结果是；褪色；（秘密）泄露come to an end 结束，终止come to know 逐渐地知道come true 变为现实，成为事实，证实come up with …提出，想出（主意），找出（答案），赶上come upon （偶然）遇见，突然发生10.cut词组cut down 砍倒，砍下，削减，缩短cut in 插嘴，加塞，插入cut off 切断（线路），中断（供应），剪下，关掉cut sth. open 切开，切伤cut out 删除，剪下来，切下cut sth.short 缩减，截短cut through 凿通，挖通，贯穿cut up 切碎，剪碎，剁碎，齐根切掉，割裂，歼灭11.fall词组fall ill /asleep /silent 生病/睡着/沉默fall back撤退，后退fall behind 落后，落伍，落在后面fall down 倒下，落下，掉下，病倒，失败fall in love with...爱上（某人）12.get词组get across 度过，通过，横过；说服，使被理解get along 前进，进步；同意；离去，相处get around 走动，传播，影响，说服get away 移走，逃离（from），出发，开始度假get back 回来，取回，找回，退还，报复get behind 落后；识破get close to 接近get down vt.咽下；写下；使沮丧，使倒下vi.下来get in 进入，收获，达到，陷入；牵涉get in a word 插话get into 进入，陷入，养成get sb into…使某人陷入get it 接（电话），应（门），理解，懂得get off 下车，脱下（衣服等），送走，动身get on 上车，过活，穿上；进步，使前进；成功；相处get on / along with…进展，与……相处get out vi. 摆脱，出去，下车，泄露，离开get over 克服，恢复，原谅，越过，痊愈；克服，完成get up 起床，起身，研究，钻研；致力于；安排get through 接通（电话），完成（工作），通过（议案、考试等），到达get ready for 为……做准备13.give词组give about 分配；传播give away 赠送，给予，背弃，泄露，分发，牺牲，颁发give back 归还，送回give back 归还，反射give forth 发出，放出；发表give in 投降，让步，屈服give off 释放，发出，放出 (烟、光、热、气味等)give out vt.分发,公布,发出,使筋疲力尽 vi.用完，用完，耗尽14.keep词组keep away from 避开，别靠近keep company with...和...结交keep out of …不进入…y词组lay down 放下，使躺下，放弃，牺牲lay off （暂时）解雇，放弃，停止lay out 花费，投资，不置，打昏16.look词组look at 看着，注视，检查，着眼于look after 照顾，照料，照看look around / about 四处看看，四下环顾look back 回首，回忆，回顾过去look back on/upon…回顾……，回忆……look forward to sth /doing sth 盼望，期盼某事物/做某事look for 寻找，期望look out 向外看；注意，当心，提防，警惕look through 看透，仔细查看，浏览，翻阅，温习17.make词组make into 制成，作成（后面跟产品，制成品）be made in 在……生产/制造be made of 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（物理变化）(能看出) made from 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（化学变化）(看不出) be made up of = consist of 由……组成，由……构成]make out 理解，看清楚make up 化妆，打扮，和解，配制，编造，虚构，构成，组成made up one’s mind 下决心make a choice 做出选择make a commitment 承诺，保证18.pass词组pass away 去世，（时间）过去pass by 通过，从旁边经过，（时间）过去pass into 变成，化为pass down 传下来，流传，使世代相传，一代一代传下去19.pick词组pick off 摘下，逐个地射死pick on 挑选，挑剔，惹恼pick out 挑选，认出pick up 开车接（某人），接收，获得，搭载，恢复，爬起，捡起，学会，认识，购买（便宜商品）pick up with...结识，与...交朋友20.put词组put away 将某物收拾起来，存钱，储存，存起来put down 扑灭，平息，镇压，记下，记下；削减；降落put forward 提出，建议，推荐，拨快，提倡put in 驶入，进入put off 延期，拖延，消除；推脱，脱下put on （戏）上演，放（唱片），穿戴，增加,拨快(钟表),推荐put out 扑灭，熄灭，使……停止燃烧，伸出，出版，生产，拿出，制造，刺杀put through 完成，（电话用语）拨通，使穿过put up 挂起，张贴，举起，抬起，搭起，建立，提名，推荐；陈列21.take词组be taken aback 吃惊take after 与某人相像，仿效take away 拿走，使离开。
动词与动词词组I.Choose the right one out of the four suggested answers in each of the following sentences:1.How many of you are ________ the proficiency examinations?A. writing in forB. entering intoC. going in forD. putting down in2.To cause something to happen is to bring it ________.A. inB. throughC. downD. about3.The report of the automobile accident proved _________.A. truthB. trueC. trulyD. intrue4.All the evidence I have collected ________ to the fact that he is a shop lifter.A. boils downB. boils offC. boils onD. boils up5.“How is the butter?” “It seemed to Mrs. Smith that the butter smelled somewhat _________.”A. badlyB. hadC. worselyD. worse6.He is always _______ fault with other peop le though he doesn’t do his own work properly.A. looking forB. puttingC. findingD. seeking7.Smith felt _________ that he should leave.A. stronglyB. strongC. very strongD. seeking8.As soon as the party came into _________ they changed the law.A. strengthB. powerC. forceD. position9.Mary’s fainted. Throw some cold water on her face and she may __________.A. come outB. come againC. come backD. come round10.Mr. Johnson had gone _________ a lot of catalogues and brochures very carefully.A. intoB. overC. roundD. through11.To ask someone for help is to turn _________ him.A. onB. toC. forD. by12.We were _________ for about an hour in the traffic and so we arrived late.A. help upB. kept offC. broke downD. put back13.Raising the motor an inch or so and remounting it had looked very _____ but the actualjob was quite hard.A. easeB. at easeC. easilyD. easy14.When John _____ he wants to be a doctor.A. increasesB. grows upC. agesD. grows15.Johnson really objects _______ so long.A. waitingB. at waitingC. to waitingD. to wait16.They _____ their engagement just before the wedding.A. broke offB. broke upC. broke away fromD. broke out of17.They are counting _______ helped by Robert.A. on beingB. to beC. beingD. that they are18.When you visit a foreign country, you should __________.A. bear an open mindB. keep an open mindC. open out your mindD. keep open your mind19.He felt _______ when he realized that perhaps he had offended Mr. Johnson.A. to be uncomfortableB. uncomfortC. uncomfortablyD. uncomfortable20.Scientists continue to speculate ________ causes sunsports.A. whateverB. for whatC. about whatD. what about21.“Where were you this afternoon? I tried to call you.” “I ______ to the library for a while.”A. should goB. tried to goC. had to goD. must go22.Mr. Johnson ______ some flowers.A. raisesB. risesC. feedD. is culticated23.“Doesn’t Tom want to see the movie?’ “Yes, but he says ________ go tonight.”A. he won’t ratherB. he’d not ratherC. he’d rather notD. he’ll rather not24.“I used to want to be a politician.” “I always dreamed _____ the conductor of an orche stra.”A. I will becomeB. of becomingC. to becomeD. that become25.I could tell from his big ears that he _______ his father.A. took offB. took fromC. took downD. took after26.“Did the boys threaten to harm the old lady?” “No, but as they talked, she grew _______.”A. fearfulB. to fearingC. fearfullyD. to fear27.I hope you can visit my country soon, because _______ to show you some of the beautiful places near my hometown.A. I’d likeB. I likeC. I shall likeD. I will lik e28.You could do it, if you _____ try hard enough.A. couldB. wouldC. shouldD. might29.The fire had been put ________ by the inhabitants when the firemen arrived.A. awayB. offC. outD. down30.David has been working too hard and he’s ________. He needs a rest.A. run overB. broken apartC. broken upD. run down31.I think his wife will be _________ if he arrive late.A. put backB. put upC. put overD. put out32.Johnson knew that Robert would ____ the idea.A. disapprove withB. disapprove ofC. disapprove inD. disapprove at33.“How long did it take you to realize he was dishonest?” “I _________ from the start.”A.saw through himB. saw him throughC. looked at him throughD. looked forward to him34.He’s such an irritating man. I don’t know how you can ________ him.A. stand withB. stand up withC. put upD. put up with35.The weather forcast was good so it should _______ fine after all.A. turn overB. turn upC. turn outD. turn into36.If Mary and Betty started at nine, they ought to be here by four.A. are planningB. are requiredC. are likelyD. are able37.She never recovered from the shock of her father’s death.A. covered overB. got overC. gave upD. made up38.The chairman revealed his plans for a new office building.A. stated againB. made knownC. cancelledD. abandoned39.The campers have to make do with the old equipment.A. manage withB. repairC. replaceD. do without40.John Smith decided to make great efforts.A. cahtB. striveC. strikeD. crab41.I want you to dispose of these bottles immediately.A. remove the dirt fromB. refillC. get rid ofD. put tops on42.Robert wants me to do away with this nice old hat.A. wearB. tearC. throw awayD. put tops on43.The professor suggested ruling out a few points on my paper.A. cajolingB. rectifyingC. eliminatingD. igniting44.He did in the barn for a week after he escaped.A. was discoveredB. ran awayC. got lostD. found the way45.The union and the company have come to terms on a new contract.A. terminatedB. brought to an endC. called onD. reached an agreement on46.I told you I wouldn’t talk about that matter with you. Why do you keep bringing it up?A.introducing it into a discussionB. making it regain consciousnessC. rearing itD. finishing it47.The shipping clerks must know which orders take priority.A. require little attentionB. are paid forC. can waitD. should be filled first48.The plane was fatally crippled when the rear cargo door was pulled off.A. torn awayB. openedC. crumpled upD. jammed49.We can count on them to do the job.A. payB. trustC. askD. help50.The food and drinks gave out around nine o’clock.A. were gone byB. were planned forC. were servedD. did not arrive untilII.I dentify the one that is wrong in standard written English in each of the following sentences: 1.It is still Mary’s ambition to study medicine and, some day, to do a real contribution to thefield.D A B C2.Chlorine combines directly in the presence of moisture to certain metals, such as antimony,A B Ccopper, and iron, to from chloride.D3.She died she was ninety, not of old age, but that she injured her head when she fell down aA B C Dflight of stairs.4.Plants rid them of excess water through transpiration, the evaporation of extra moisture fromtheir leaves. A B C D5.The gap that separates the poor and the affluent has been a prime source of tension divisionA B Cand violence in many countries.D6.They were afraid that the crying child had been bited by the growling dog.A B C D7.Mary said she would borrow me her new book if I wanted to read it on my trip to Beijing.A B C D8.If you had sat the plant in a cooler location, the leaves would not have burned.A B C D9.He caught his finger in the car door, he did not cry even though it must have hurted him aA B C Dgreat deal.10.Prices reach an equilibrium at the level at which quantity demanded equals and the sameA B Cas quantity supplied.D11. Just as I finished eating; my brother explained me a question.A B C D12.Women have done advances in reaching high positions in business, but there are stillA B Cfew women in government.D13.It is difficult to do generalizations about the characteristics of modern music because ofA Bthe variety of existing styles.C D14.When one has been adviced to change his conduct, he ought to pay attention to thesuggestion. A B C D15.Pollution effects more people living in today’s society than it did those in previous years.A B C D16.The attempt of human beings to make sense out of the sensations they experiment is calledperception. A B C D17.Under the special care of the mother, the child grows fatter and more strongly.A B C D18.“Leave us face the fact that we’re in trouble!” he shouted.A B C D19.Mary bursted into tears when she heard the bad news.A B C D20.The situation in that country out so seriously that it seems as if a war might break out at anytime. A B C D。
