动词及动词词组辨析
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动词和动词词组辨析
上海市风华初级中学沈洁
第一部分知识点梳理
一、动词辨析
1.borrow; lend; keep
borrow 借入(不能与延续性时间状语连用)常
用于borrow sth. from sb.I borrowed a pen from Mary yesterday.
lend$
借出(不能与延续性时间状语连用)常
用于lend sb. sth. 或lend sth. to sb.Would you lend your MP4 to me
keep保存,保留(引申为“借用”)能和表示
时间段的时间状语及how long等连用How long may I keep this dictionary
2.cost; pay; spend; take
(形式)主语谓语宾语补语
}人spend Time or money on sth./ (in) doing
sth.
物或事cost money
事take、
time or money
人pay money
Jane ______ much money on pets.
This TV set ______ me much money.
It ______ me ten minutes to go to the post office.
We’ll ______ you in a few days.
3.~
4.carry; fetch; take; bring
bring某人从某地带来某物carry某人保持拿某物的状态fetch某人往返一趟取得某物take某人将某物从某地拿走She ______ her baby in her arms.
<
_____ the rubbish away.
Remember to ______ me an umbrella.
Go and _______ the dictionary.
5.invent; discover; create
invent通过想象或实验创造出以前不存在的东
西Bell invented the telephone in 1876.
discover发现早已存在,只是一直未被人发现或
知道的东西She discovered the dog under the dog.
(create 通过想象创造出新的人物形象或戏剧角
色
He created many famous
characters.
6.memorize; remember
remember指一件事或印象是在记忆中,
多想想可以想得出Hellen could not remember when she had been so happy.
memorize有意识地去“默记”或“熟记”
以留下印象My English teacher asked us to memorize these new words.
7.¥
8.raise; rise
raise举起,提起,增加(及物动词)Tom raised his arms above
his head.
rise人或物从低处向高处上升,数量增加
(不及物动词)
Look, the sun is rising.
9.look at; see; watch
watch观看某个正在或将要发生、移
动或变化的事物或事件等.
He is watching TV.
see看见某物(强调结果)It was so dark he could hardly
see.
look at用视线投注在某物上(强调行
为)Students are looking at the teacher.
10.steal; rob
steal暗中偷窃别人钱财(常用steal sth.
from sb.)、
My bike has been stolen.
rob用暴力抢劫别人财物(常用rob sb. of
sth.)She was robbed of her ring.
11.say; speak; tell; talk
say 说(着重于所说的话。作及物动词时,
后接名词、代词、动词不定式等或
that/ wh-从句作宾语)
His passport says he is 29.
speak说(着重开口发出的声音。多作不及
物动词,如作及物动词,后接
languages)*
I was so surprised that I could not speak.
tell告诉,讲给别人听Tell you the truth.
talk多作连续性的说话和交谈They are talking business.
12.damage; hurt
damage常指车辆、房屋、庄稼等
无生命物体受损或毁坏
而失掉其价值、用途或外
表?
His car was damaged in an accident.
hurt指肉体上的伤害,也可指
精神上的伤害He hurt his back when he fell.
13.accept; receive
accept接受(表示接受者经过考
虑,愿意接受)
I accepted the invitation.
receive收到(强调行为本身,不
涉及收受者是否接受)】
I received an invitation.
Yesterday I _____ a letter ______ Mary.
I did ________ his invitation but I didn’t _______ it.
14.arrive; get; reach
arrive到达(不及物动词,后面跟
地点时,必须加介词in或
at)
I arrived at bus stop.
get到达(后接名词要加to; 表
示到家用get home)When did you get home yesterday evening
! reach 到达(及物动词,后面直接
跟表地点的名词)
They reached Los Angeles on
Saturday.
二、动词词组辨析
1.join; take part in; attend