动词及动词词组辨析

动词的分类、动词&动词词组词义辨析1.动词的分类动词分为：实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词。

1.1实义动词，又叫行为动词，可以独立作谓语，按其句法功能分为及物动词和不及物动词，按持续性分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。

1.1.1 及物动词：本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才可以使句意完整。

句式：动词+宾语：I like this book very much.动词+宾语+宾补You make me happy. (make it easy, find it hard…)动词+双宾语Please pass me that book.常见双宾语动词：（give,bring,buy, get, leave, lend, offer, pass, teach,tell……）1.1.2不及物动词：本身意思完整，不必接宾语。

I swim. （come,go……）不及物动词如果后边要接宾语的话，要加介词。

Let’s go to school.需要注意的是：有些动词既是及物动词又是不及物动词。

We study English.We study hard.1.2系动词常见系动词：be, become, get, look, seem, turn, sound, smell, taste,feel,keep.You seem very friendly.(系动词本身有词义，但是不能单独做谓语，必须和表语一起构成系表结构)1.3助动词助动词本身无意义或者意义不完整，不能单独做谓语，和其他动词连用，帮助其构成时态，语态，否定句和疑问句。

1.3.1助动词be+doing,构成现在进行时。

I am reading.1.3.2助动词be+done,表示__________.e.g.一般现在时，一般将来时和一般过去时的被动语态各写一句。

1.3.3 have/has+过去分词形式，构成__________.我们已经学了七年英语了。

动词词组及词义辨析1．不同的动词，后面加上相同的小品词1）动词+away构成的短语有：throw away扔掉；put away把……收拾好；give away捐赠，分发；carry away运走；run away，潜逃；跑开；go away走开等。

2）动词+for构成的短语有：answer for负责；provide for供养；call for提倡，要求；plan for打算，为……计划；hope for 希望，期待；ask for请求，寻找；需要；send for派人去请；go for努力获取；pay for偿还，赔偿；wait for等待；look for寻找等。

3）动词+on构成的短语有：try on试穿，试验；put on穿上，上演；hold on不挂断，停止；carry on继续开展，坚持；keep on继续；go on继续；get on上(车、船)；come on赶快等。

4）动词+over构成的短语有：come over过来；hand over移交；go over仔细检查，复习；get over克服，恢复；look over 检查；think over仔细考虑；take over接受，接管；turn over翻转等。

5）动词+up构成的短语有：bring up抚育，培养；call up召唤，打电话给；come up走进，上来；cut up切碎：fix up. 修理；give up放弃；go up上升，增长；grow up长大；look up尊敬；向上看；查寻；make up 虚构；弥补，组成；put up举起，搭建；pick up捡起，(开车)接某人，偶然得到；set up建立，创(纪录)；send up发射；show up揭露，露面；turn up出现，把……调高一点；take up 占据，开始从事等。

6）动词+out构成的短语有：go out出去，熄灭；look out留神，当心；walk out走出；set out出发，开始：put out扑灭，生产；give out发出，发表；hand out分发；pick out挑选;find out找出，发现；speak out 大声地说出；turn out生产，打扫；get out出去，离开；work out计算出，解决，锻炼； carry out 实现，执行；bring out出版，start out出发，动身等。

专题08 动词和动词短语考点1 动词词义辨析1．（2022·山东滨州·中考真题）—Don’t be so rude. You should ________ like a gentleman. —Sorry. I will be more polite.A．perform B．behave C．provide D．consider【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——别这么粗鲁。

你应该表现得像个绅士。

——对不起。

我会更有礼貌。

考查动词辨析。

perform表演；behave表现；provide提供；consider考虑。

根据“You should…like a gentleman”可知，应该表现得像个绅士，用behave符合语境，故选B。

2．（2022·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）We are supposed to ________ some of the world’s animals because they are in great danger.A．hurt B．protect C．catch【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：我们应该保护世界上的一些动物，因为它们处于极大的危险之中。

考查动词辨析。

hurt伤害；protect保护；catch抓住。

根据“animals because they are in great danger.”可知因为一些动物是处于危险之中的，所以应该保护它们，故选B。

3．（2022·辽宁营口·中考真题）My parents ________ to buy me a new bike if I pass the final exam.A．promise B．remember C．forget D．expect【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：如果我通过了期末考试，我父母承诺给我买一辆新自行车。

考查动词辨析。

promise承诺；remember记得；forget忘记；expect期盼。

动词及动词词组动词和动词短语是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词，其主要考点概览如下：1.实义动词sell, write, wash, wear等词的主动形式后跟副词表示被动意义；2.happen, occur, break out, come out, belong to等词为不及物动词或短语，无被动形式；3.同义、近义或结构近似的动词或短语动词的辨析；4.由get, turn, break ,take, set, come等动词构成的动词短语；5.have和get常见的用法；6.appear, seem和look的用法与区别。

动词和动词短语，在历年高考题中所占比例最大，设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用能力。

主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中，考纲要求在复习备考中要掌握以下几个方面:1.动词的词义；2.动词搭配；3.动词短语；4.及物动词和不及物动词的特殊用法；5.常用动词的用法；6.熟记16个高频动词构成的短语用法（break, bring, call, come, cut, give, go, get, hold, look, make, put, set, take, turn, set（改为send）等）一、动词的分类根据意义和句法作用，英语动词可分为四类：1.行为动词（实义动词）①及物动词（带宾语）：study, develop;②不及物动词（不带宾语）work, swim, go, come③状态动词（相对静止）contain, exist, own, prefer, belong④动作动词延续性（work, stay）；非延续性（marry, go, come）2.系动词①表示人或事物的特征和状态：be, feel, look, seem, taste, appear, sound②表示状态的变化：turn, go, become, get, fall, grow③表示某种状态的延续或持续：remain, keep, stay3.助动词（与动词原形或分词构成复合谓语）：be(am,is,are),do(does,did);have(has);will,would,shall4.情态动词：can(could),may(might),must,shall(should)二、动词及动词短语（一）动词词义辨析动词是是各类考试的重点，高考试题中，单项填空、完形填空和改错等三项题型中，动词辨义的比重较大，并逐年增加。

动词和动词词组辨析第一部分知识点梳理一、动词辨析1.borrow; lend; keep2.cost; pay; spend; take●Jane ______ much money on pets.●This TV set ______ me much money.●It ______ me ten minutes to go to the post office.●We’ll ______ you in a few days.3.carry; fetch; take; bring●She ______ her baby in her arms.●_____ the rubbish away.●Remember to ______ me an umbrella.●Go and _______ the dictionary.4.invent; discover; create5.memorize; remember6.raise; rise7.look at; see; watch8.steal; robsay; speak; tell; talk9.10.damage; hurt11.accept; receive●Y esterday I _____ a letter ______ Mary.●I did ________ his invitation but I didn’t _______ it.12.arrive; get; reach二、动词词组辨析1.join; take part in; attend2.be made of; be made up of3.be used to; used to4.happen; take place7. look for; find out; find三、其他(1)1.looklook after 照看，照料look at看look forward to doing sth.期待着look like 看上去像look out 注意留神look up查寻，抬头看2.putput off延期put on穿，戴上，上演put out扑灭put up 举起，挂起3.taketake a look看一看take a message for sb.给某人捎个口信take up开始从事take away拿走take one’s advice听从某人劝告take charge of负责，管理take hold of抓住take notes记笔记take off脱掉（衣服）起飞take care of照料take out取出take an underground (train)乘地铁4.turnturn up/down (把音量等)调高、调低turn on/off开、关掉（电灯、电视、收音机等）turn out结果是，证明是turn over翻（车、页），翻身turn into变成5.getget along/on (with)进展，与---相处get back返回get up起床get on /off上、下车get ready for为---准备get rid of摆脱get tired of对---感到厌倦get to到达get into the habit of养成---的习惯6.makemake a decision作出决定make a film拍电影make a fire生火make a living谋生make a mistake犯错误make a noise弄出声make friends with与---交朋友make fun of拿---开玩笑make money赚钱make progress 取得进步make the bed整理床铺make up one’s mind下决心7.gogo ahead 向前走，去吧go for a swim去游泳go shopping去购物go home回家go on继续go on a diet实行节食go on a picnic 去野餐go on with/ doing sth.继续做某事 go out熄灭go over复习go sightseeing去观光go wrong 出错go to bed 就寝go to college上大学go to school上学go to sleep入睡go to the cinema/movie(s)看电影go to (the) hospital去医院（看病）8.keepkeep a diary记日记keep fit保持健康keep---from使---免于keep in touch(with) 保持联系keep off阻挡，不让---接近keep quiet保持安静keep sb. busy让某人忙不停keep doing sth.继续做某事四、其他（2）1.forask for请求care for照顾、喜欢get ready for准备leave for动身去look for寻找pay for付钱prepare for准备search for搜查wait for等待2. awayrun away逃跑throw away扔掉take away拿走3.ofthink of想起get rid of摆脱get tired of对---感到厌倦hear of听说run out of用完、耗尽take hold of抓住take charge of负责、管理die of因—病而死dream of梦想4.fromhear from收信learn from从---学到keep from阻止，使---免于protect from保护—免受 prevent from妨碍、阻止某人做某事 stop from阻止---做tell from区分、辨别come from来自5.offget off下车keep off阻挡，不让---接近put off延期see--- off送行show off炫耀6.withcommunicate with与---交流deal with处理be connected to/ with与---连接keep in touch with与---保持联系make friends with与---交朋友play with与---一起玩share with分享talk with/ to sb.与---谈话7.ondepend on依赖、依靠come on快，跟我来get on上车go on继续hold on等一等（别挂电话）live on靠---生play a trick on作弄put on穿，戴上，上演rely on依靠try on试穿turn on打开8.updress up穿着打扮look up查寻，抬头看wake up醒来，叫醒grow up 成长put up举起、挂起take up开始从事pick up拾起shup up住口stay up熬夜9.outpick out 挑选出point out指出put out扑灭sell out售完take out取出turn out结果是、证明是work out做出、算出find out查明真相go out熄灭look out注意、留神第二部分练习一、基础练习Choose the best answer( )1.Frank is the kind of person whom people like to make ______.A friend withB friends ofC friendsD friends with ( )2. How long have they _______ the computer?A boughtB hadC borrowedD sold( )3.It’s raining heavily outside. Remember to _______ the raincoat to him when you go there.A bringB takeC carryD buy( )4.The little boy can ______ the top of the shelf.A get toB arrive atC reachD receive( )5.She _______ these dogs at home when the Smiths are abroad.A looks upB looks forC looks afterD looks in( )6.We can ______ water into ice or steam.A turn toB turnC turn offD turn on( )7. The plane ______ here for ten minutes already.A has comeB has beenC has been toD has stopped( )8. Though the child is very young, he can already _______ the time.A talkB sayC readD tell( )9.It’s unnecessary for us to ________ so much money on these useless books.A costB spendC takeD pay( )10. Have you _______ who took away my key?A foundB found outC looked forD got( )11.He ______ living in the countryside to the city.A likesB prefersC enjoysD loves( )12. The earth is our home. We must ______ the land, air and water clean.A changeB shareC noticeD keep( )13.Many girls enjoy ______ skirts in spring.A wearingB dressingC putting onD having( )14.---May I _______ your dictionary?---- Of course. But you mustn’t _______ it to others.A borrow, lendB borrow, borrowC lend, borrowD lend, lend二、拓展练习( )1. Judy likes Chinese painting and she ______ the hobby group at school.A has taken part inB has joinedC has attendedD has come into( )2. He could _______neither French nor German, so I _____ with him in English.A speak, talkedB talk, toldC say, spokeD tell, talked( )3. I don’t know Sam’s telephone number. Will you please _____ in your address book for me?A look up itB look it upC look for itD look at it( )4.We are very sad and angry to hear that the bad milk powder _____ the death of over 30 babies.A madeB didC broughtD caused( )5. The VIPs(V ery Important Persons) from 21 countries will _____ the APEC in Shanghai this autumn.A holdB take part inC joinD attend( )6.How magnificent the Bund looks at night when all the lights are ______!A turned overB turned offC turned downD turned on( )7.Water ______ after the big rain.A roseB raisedC was risenD was raised( )8.Tim ______ until Betty arrived very late.A didn’t stayB waitedC leftD hurried off( )9. The race will _______ tomorrow morning.A happenB be happenedC take placeD be taken place( )10. A full moon ______ in the sky that night.A hungB was hungC handedD was hanged( )11. I’m sorry to hear that you have ______ these days.A caught a coldB caught coldC had a coldD had cold( )12. Wood and stones _____ bridges in many countries.A used to buildB are used to buildingC are used to buildD used to building( )13.The TV _____ for 10 minutes. Y ou may watch it if you like.A has begunB has startedC has gone onD has been onKeys一、基础练习DBBCC BBDBB BDAA 二、拓展练习BABDD DABCA CCD。

动词和动词短语■考查范围在单项填空和完形填空中，对动词词义、动词短语的辨析以及动词搭配的考查一直是高考的热点。

因此在一轮的复习中要注重对动词及短语的含义及引申义进行归纳总结；突出对其在具体的语境中意义选择的把握。

因此，需要理解所有动词和动词词组的常用意义，掌握常考动词和动词词组的用法，并能熟练运用高频动词进行书面表达，而不必过于注重同义词的细微区别。

■高频考点高考对动词的考查重点集中在实义动词的常见意义和用法，而对助动词的考查较少。

对动词短语的考查重点是第1～3项，而考查第4～6项的情况较少。

高考试题分析■真题探究1.（2010安徽）No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone ______you wishing they were that highA. getting rid ofB. getting along withC. Looking up toD. looking down upon【答案与解析】C getting rid of意为“摆脱；去除”；getting along with意为“与……相处；进展”；Looking up to意为“尊敬；敬仰”；looking down upon意为“看不起；轻视”。

句意为“你无论认为自己怎样低下, 总希望有个高尚的人来尊敬你。

”2. （2010全国Ⅰ）The workers ______ the glasses and marked on each box “ This Side Up”A. carriedB. deliveredC. pressedD. packed【答案与解析】D 句意：工人们把玻璃制品包装好并且每个盒子上标记上“此面向上”。

选项为四个意思上毫无关联的动词, 此题考查动词的词义辨析。

carry 译为搬运, deliver译为递送, press译为按, 压, pack译为打包。

初中英語常用動詞搭配1. 動詞後接to doask sb. to do sth.請（叫）某人做某事tell sb to do sth 告訴某人做某事order sb to do sth. 命令某人做某事want sb to do sth. 想要做某事help sb. (to) do sth. 幫助某人做某事wish sb to do sth. 希望某人做某事would like to do sth. 想要做某事invite sb. to do sth. 邀請某人做某事drive sb. to do sth .驅使某人做某事expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事forbid sb. to do sth. 制止某人做某事force sb. to do sth. 強迫某人做某事hope to do sth. 希望做某事offer to do sth. 主動提出做某事plan to do sth. 計畫做某事prepare to do sth. 預備做某事pretend to do sth. 假裝做某事promise to do sth. 許諾做某事decide to do sth. 決定做某事refuse to do sth. 拒絕做某事fail to do sth. 未能做某事happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事need sb to do sth 需要某人做某事2.動詞後接ingconsider doing sth. 考慮做某事enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事escape doing sth. 逃脫做某事feel like doing sth. 想要做某事finish doing sth. 完成做某事give up doing sth. 放棄做某事imagine doing sth. 想像做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事practice doing sth. 練習做某事prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事put off doing sth. 推遲做某事risk doing sth. 冒險做某事forbid doing sth. 制止做某事forgive doing sth. 原諒做某事stop sb.from doing 阻止某人做某事appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事suggest doing sth. 建議做某事be/get used to doing sth. 習慣做某事pay attention to doing 注意做某事avoid doing 避免做某事3. 動詞後既接to又接ing(1) remember to do sth. 記得要做某事remember doing sth. 記得做過某事(2)forget to do sth. 忘記要做某事forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事(3) regret to do sth. 遺憾要做某事regret doing sth. 遺憾做過某事(4) try to do sth. 盡力做某事try doing sth. 試著做某事(5)stop to do sth. 停下來去做某事stop doing sth. 停止做（正在做の）某事(6) mean to do sth. 打算做某事mean doing sth. 意味著做某事(7) can’t help to do sth. 不能幫助做某事can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事(8) go on/continue to do sth. 繼續做另一件事go on/continue doing sth. 繼續做同一件事(9) like/love/hate to do sth 具體活動（一次性）like/love/hate doing sth 表示習慣（一貫性）(10) need/want to do sth. 想要做某事（主動）need/want doing sth. 想要被做（被動）(11) allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事allow doing sth 允許做某事(12) advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人做某事advise doing sth. 建議做某事(13) encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓勵某人做某事encourage doing sth. 鼓勵做某事(14) permit sb to do sth 允許某人做某事permit doing sth 允許做某事4. 動詞後接動詞原形do(1) let sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事(2) make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事=make sth done(3)have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事=have sth done(4)see sb. do sth. 看見某人做過某事see sb. doing 看見某人正在做某事(5)hear sb. do sth. 聽見某人做過某事hear sb. doing 聽見某人正在做某事(6)find sb. do sth. 發現某人做過某事find sb. doing sth. 發現某人正在做某事(7)watch sb. do sth. 察看某人做某事(8)had batter do sth. 最好做某事4.接雙賓語(一)雙賓語易位時需借助介詞toの常用動詞（多表示動詞の方向）bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. 把某物帶給某人hand sb. sth. =hand sth. to sb. 把某物遞給某人lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借給某人mail sb. sth. = mail sth. to sb. 把某物寄給某人offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 將某物給某人pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 把某物遞給某人pay sb. sth. = pay sth. to sb. 付給某人某物（錢）read sb. sth. = read sth. to sb. 把某物讀給某人聽return sb. sth. = return sth. to sb. 把某物還給某人sell sb. sth. = sell sth. to sb. 把某物賣給某人send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物送給某人show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 拿某物給某人看take sb. sth. = take sth. to sb. 把某物拿給某人teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb. 教某人某物tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告訴某人某情況throw sb. sth. = throw sth. to sb. 把某物扔給某人write sb. sth. = write sth. to sb. 給某人寫信(二)雙賓語易位時需借助介詞forの常用動詞（多表示動詞の目の）book sb. sth. = book sth. for sb. 為某人預定某物buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 為某人買某物choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb. 為某人選某物cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb. 為某人煮某物draw sb. sth. = draw sth. for sb. 為某人畫某物find sb. sth. = find sth. for sb. 為某人找到某物get sb. sth. = get sth. for sb. 為某人拿來某物make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb. 為某人做某物order sb. sth. = order sth. for sb. 為某人訂購某物pick sb. sth. = pick sth. for sb. 為某人採摘某物prepare sb. sth. = prepare sth. for sb. 為某人準備某物save sb. sth. = save sth. for sb. 為某人留某物sing sb. sth. = sing sth. for sb. 為某人唱某物（歌）steal sb. sth. = steal sth. for sb. 為某人偷某物初中英語常用動詞短語整理5. Be 動詞結構be able to do 能夠做……be afraid to do (內心)害怕\不敢做某事be afraid of doing擔心出現doingの狀況、結果be angry with 對……生氣be at home = stay at home 待在家裏be back/in/out 回來/在家/外出be bad for 對……有害be busy doing/with sth忙於做……(忙於……) be careful of 當心，注意，仔細be covered with 被……覆蓋be different from與……不同be famous/known as 作為……出名be famous/known for 以……而著名be free 空閒の，有空be friendly/kind to對……友好be from = come from 來自…，什麼地方人be full of/filled with裝滿……be good at= do well in 擅長於…be good for對……有好處be (ill) in bed 臥病在床be interested in 對……感興趣be in trouble 處於困境中be late for 遲到be mad at 對……生氣be made from/of 由……製成be made in 在……地方製造be made up of由……構成be on 在進行，在上演，（燈）亮著be pleased with對…感到高興be polite/impolite to對某人有禮貌/不禮貌be popular with受……歡迎；be proud of對……感到自豪be ready for 為……作好準備be satisfied with對……感到滿意（高興）be surprised (at) 對……感到驚訝be strict in sth.對某事嚴格be strict with sb.對某人嚴格be supposed to do sth.應該做某事be used for doing被用來做某事be used to do被用來做某事be used to doing 習慣於be worried about =be anxious about 擔憂6.短語（首字母排列）aim at 針對…agree with sb. 同意某人の意見或建議ask for請求、索要ask for a day off請一天假add…to…把…和…加起來achieve a victory取得勝利arrive in到達﹙大地方﹚arrive at到達﹙小地方﹚argue with 與…爭吵apologize to 向…道歉break up with sb.與某人斷絕關係break out 爆發break down 出毛病，拆開break off解散，解雇break the rule違規break into破門而入believe in信任begin/start with以…開始belong to屬於…built…into…把…建成…base on以…為基礎borrow…from…向…借……come into being形成、出現come true 實現come for a visit來參觀come on 快，走吧，跟我來come back回來come to do sth.逐漸做某事come about 發生come from來自…come up with 提出主意想法come along出現、發生come over過來come into進入…裏come in 進來come out出來，出現，出版come out of從…裏出來catch up with 趕上…catch a fire著火catch hold of抓住…catch a bus趕公共汽車cut up 切碎cut in half 切成半cut off切斷﹙電源、水源﹚cut in line插隊care for關心、關愛care about在意call for號召call back回電話call at sp. 拜訪某地call on sb.拜訪某人call out呼喊call up給…打電話call sb. at some number給某人打某個號碼calm down 鎮靜下來communicate with 與…交流complain about 抱怨…can’ t wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事clean up 清理、打掃乾淨carry out 執行connect …to…把…和…連起來chat on line網上聊天check over檢查drop by 順便拜訪drop out of school輟學drop litter丟垃圾do an experiment 做實驗do an operation on sb. 給某人做手術do sth. in person親自做某事do business做生意do exercise 做操do with=deal with處理do wrong 做錯事do one’s homework =do one’lesson做作業do some sports做運動do morning exercises 做早操do well in做得好，擅長於do the dishes 洗餐具do one’s best to do sth.盡力做某事do some cleaning 掃除do some reading讀書do some shopping購物do some cooking做飯do the laundry洗衣服do some chores做雜務disagree with sb. 不同意某人意見describe…as…把…描繪為…die of 死於﹙直接內因，如疾病、饑渴﹚die from死於﹙間接外因，如車禍、天災﹚die out 滅絕drive sb. crazy使某人發瘋drive to…開車去…divide…into…把…分成…depend on依賴…decide on sth. 對……做決定dry out乾涸dry up 烘乾dream of 夢想…draw up起草、擬定dress up 裝扮、打扮e-mail sb.給某人發電子郵件enjoy oneself 玩得愉快enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事end up doing sth.結束做某事explain to sb sth=explain sth. to sb. 向某人解釋某事eat up吃光fall behind落後fall off 從……掉下fall down 滑到，倒下（後接賓語要加from）fall over向前摔倒、跌倒fall into 落入；陷入fall ill病倒fall asleep入睡fall in love with愛上、迷戀fight against與…作鬥爭follow the rules 遵守規則fail the exam考試不及格find out查明﹙原因、真相﹚feel like doing 想做某事fly a kite 放風箏fly to乘飛機去…fit into …適應…fill in =fill out 填充填寫fill…with…用…填…feel sorry for因…而難過fold the clothes疊衣服get on 上﹙車、船、飛機等﹚get off下﹙車、船、飛機等﹚get up起來、起床get good grades 取得好成績get over 客服get rid of 除掉…get to到達get out of 從…裏出來get into 進入get in the way of妨礙get together 聚會get into trouble陷入困境get out of trouble 脫離困境get used to﹙doing﹚sth.習慣﹙做﹚某事get to do sth.著手做某事get ready for為…做準備get sb. into trouble使某人陷入困境get away from遠離…get a sore back 背痛get back to sb. 過會兒與某人通話﹙打電話用語﹚get on/along well with 與相處…融洽get to know認識get married to與某人結婚get in touch with 與…取得聯繫go ahead 先走，向前走，去吧，幹吧go to…去…go home 回家go out 出去go out for…出去做…go down/along 沿著…走go to school上學go to the doctor’去醫務室go to the cinema 去看電影go across…穿過…﹙平面﹚go to work上班go bad變壞go by流逝﹙時間﹚go one’s own way走自己の路go for a walk 去散步go sightseeing去觀光go away 走開go to sleep 入睡go to bed 上床睡覺go on with繼續…go shopping 去購物go hiking 去遠足go abroad 出國go over復習go downstairs/upstairs下樓/上樓go on a trip 去旅遊give in﹙doing﹚sth.屈服﹙做﹚某事give up﹙doing﹚sth.放棄﹙做﹚某事give away 贈送give out 頒發give back 歸還give off 發出﹙氣味、煙霧等﹚give sb. some advice給某人提建議give a talk作報告give lessons to sb. 給某人上課give sb. a good beating 好好教訓某人一下give sb. a hand 幫某人忙grow up 長大have a good time 玩得愉快have a discussion 進行討論have a party 舉行聚會have a meeting 開會have nothing to do with與…無關have trouble with sth. 做某事有困難have difficulty/ trouble doing sth. 費力做某事have fun玩得愉快have a fever 發燒have a cold 感冒have a cough 咳嗽have a stamachache胃痛have fun doing sth.愉快地做某事have a match 舉行比賽have a fight with與…比賽、鬥爭have no idea of 不知道…have a hard time doing sth. 艱難地做某事have sth. to do with 與…有關have an accident 發生事故have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早、午、晚飯have class上課have water喝水have a conversation with 與…會話have a look at 看一下…have a talk with與…談話have a problem with做某事有疑難have a good trip路途愉快have a try 試一下have a laugh at 嘲笑.…have a pity on sb.同情某人have a rest 休息一下have a word with 與……談幾句話hear of 聽說hear from 收到…の來信hands up舉手hand in上交hand out分發hold up 抓住、握住hold a meeting 舉行會議hold an exhibition舉行展覽happen to do sth.恰巧做某事hurry up 趕快hurry off 匆忙離開help oneself to sth. 隨便用…help sb. with sth.幫助某人做某事It’s one’s turn to do sth. 輪到某人做某事invite sb. to do sth.邀請某人做某事insist on doing sth..堅持做某事join in 穿著join together團結起來join the army 參軍join the party入黨keep（stay）away from 遠離keep out不讓進入keep down 壓低﹙音量等﹚keep a pet 飼養寵物keep in good mood 保持好心情keep on doing一直做某事keep healthy保持健康keep in good health保持健康keep up with跟上…keep sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事keep off 防禦keep in touch with與…保持聯繫knock at=knock on敲…knock into撞到某人身上learn…by oneself 自學…learn…from …向…學習learn…by heart 記住…leave for離開去某處leave sth. somewhere 把某物忘在某處leave school畢業leave one by oneself 把某人單獨留下leave a message for sb.給某人留個口信lead to導致live on…以…為生live a happy life 過著幸福の生活look after照看…look for 尋找…look down on 藐視…look up查找﹙字詞等﹚look over檢查﹙身體等﹚look forward to盼望…look on …as 把看作…look at看…look like 看起來像…look around環顧look out當心look out of 向…外面看look through 流覽look the same 看起來一樣look inside向…裏面看laugh at嘲笑lose touch with與…失去聯繫let sb. in 讓某人進去lie dowm躺下make sb. feel at home使某人感到賓至如歸make one’s mind to do sth. 決心做某事make a face=make faces 做鬼臉make money掙錢make fool of sb.愚弄某人make a journey旅行make progress 取得進步make a countribution to為…做貢獻make a noise 吵鬧make a fire 生火make a mistake 犯錯誤make…of…由…製作…﹙看出原材料﹚make…from…由…製作…﹙看不出原材料﹚make up編造，虛構，打扮，構成，組成make up of…由…組成make a plan 定計劃make one’s bed 整理床鋪make a report 編寫報告make sure of確信…make use of 利用…make a sentence with用…造句make a decision做出決定make oneself understood 表達自己の意思make a survey of 調查…make preparation for 為…做準備make friends with與……交朋友make a living謀生major in專修match …with …把…和…搭配起來move to搬到…mistake…for…把…錯認為…meet with 遇到﹙困難、麻煩等﹚mix up混合name sb./sth.X把某人/某物叫做Xorder sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事open up完全打開play football 踢足球play chess 下棋play cards打牌play bridge打橋牌play the guitar 彈吉他play the violin彈小提琴play sports 做運動play games 玩遊戲play with 玩耍…play jokes on sb.對某人開玩笑play the CD.播放play the music 播放音樂play a part in在…中扮演角色play a role of 扮演…の角色play against與…比賽play hide-and-seek捉迷藏pay for付…款pay attention to 注意…pass by 路過…put on 穿上、上映put down 寫下put away把…收拾起來put…into…把…放入…裏put up 舉起、張貼put out 熄滅put off 推遲put back 放回prevent sb.﹙from﹚doing sth.阻止某人做某事prefer to do rather than do與做另一件事相比更喜歡做某事prefer﹙doing﹚sth. to ﹙doing﹚sth. 與…相比更喜歡…point to 指向poin at 指著point out指出practice doing sth.練習做某事pick up 拾起，接人，站起，收聽run away 逃跑run after 追趕run out of 用光、從…裏跑出來run over to…跑過去到…read sth. to sb. 把某物讀給某人聽read sth. for sb. 替某人讀某物receive a letter from…收…到來信rain heavily 下大雨ride a bike騎自行車rise up升起raise money 籌集資金refer to涉及、提到regard…as…把…看作…reach out 伸出﹙手等﹚send up發射send an e-mail 發送電子郵件send for…派人請…send…for…派…請…send into 送入…裏send away驅逐send off解雇send out 發出，發出，派遣shake hands with與…握手stick…into…把…插入…裏stick doing sth.堅持做某事stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事stare at 盯著…sell out買光see a doctor 看醫生see sb. off為某人送行see a film 看電影say goodbye to sb.向某人告別say hello to sb.向某人問好set up 豎立、建造set up one’s mind on sth.全神貫注於…set off 出發，動身，使爆炸，引起set out 出發，啟程，開始，著手set an example for 為……樹立榜樣speak of 講到speak highly of 稱頌…search for 搜索，尋找start to do sth.著手做某事start with …以…開始spend﹙time/money﹚on sth.= spend﹙time/money﹚﹙in﹚doing sth.花費﹙時間/金錢﹚做某事spend time with sb. 和某人呆在一起sort…into…把…劃分成…show sb. around somewhere領某人參觀某處show up 露面stay in bed 呆在床上slow down減速smile at對…微笑suit sb.適合某人share…with…與…分享…stay up 熬夜stand for代表，象徵stand up起立succeed in doing sth.成功地做某事shut up關閉shout to (為了讓人聽到)對…喊shout at (因生氣等)向…喊seem like 好像sweep the floor拖地step on 踐踏，踩take a message for sb.給某人捎個信take a bus乘工交車take one’s order按某人の順序take a walk 散步take…to…把…帶到…去take a shower淋浴take after 與…相像take away 帶走take the medicine 服藥take exercise鍛煉take it easy不要緊take one’s temperature量某人の體溫take off 起飛/脫下﹙衣服、鞋帽等﹚take a lesson/class 上課take a day off 休一天假take an exam 參加考試take…out of…把…從…中取處來take a rest休息一下take one’s turn to do sth.按某人順序做某事take part in 參加﹙活動﹚take…as an example拿…當作例子take over接管take care of照顧、照看take in吸取，吸收take up 佔據﹙空間、時間﹚take the pride in 以…而驕傲﹙強調動作﹚take place 發生﹙不及物﹚take the leading position占主導地位take a swimming course上游泳課take a deep breath深呼吸take the place of 代替…take a photo of 照…の相talk about談論…talk with 與…談話talk to對…談話turn left﹙right﹚向左﹙右﹚轉turn up 調高﹙音量等﹚turn down調低﹙音量等﹚turn on打開﹙電器、煤氣、水龍頭﹚turn off 關閉﹙電器、煤氣、水龍頭﹚turn over翻開，翻轉turn…into…把…變成…turn to…轉向…turn green 變綠think about考慮、思考…think of想起、想到…think over仔細考慮think up想出（設計出、發明、編造）tell sb. about sth. 把某物の情況告訴某人tell a joke 講笑話tell a story 講故事try on 試穿try one’s best to do sth. .盡力做某事thanks for感謝…travel to …到…旅行tie…to…把…綁到…上treat …as…把…當作…來對待trouble sb. to do sth. 麻煩某人做某事throw away 扔掉translate…into…把…翻譯成…urge sb. to do sth. 強烈要求某人做某事use up用盡used to do sth. 過去經常做某事visit sb/somewhere看望某人/參觀某處wake up醒來、叫醒welcome to…歡迎到…來wait for等待…wait in line 排隊等候write to …給…寫信write down記下win the World Cup 贏得世界盃win a prize獲獎wear out穿壞wear glasses戴眼鏡wipe off 擦去，拭去work out 解決﹙問題、麻煩等﹚work on從事…walk along/down 沿著…走watch a game觀看比賽warn sb. to do sth.告誡某人做某事warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事warn sb. against(doing) sth.告誡某人當心某事/不要做某事worry about…擔心…中考英語近義動詞（片語）辨析1. 辨析take；cost；spend；pay主語為人の有spend和pay；主語為物の有cost；主語常為“it”の有take.（1）spend多用人作主語，後接金錢或時間。