应用翻译第二讲共28页文档

• 但是，由于英语具有比较丰富的形态和 关系词，它有时可不顾时序原则，而遵 守抽象的句法原则。汉语由于形态不 富，关系词少，比英语更倾向于遵循时 序原则。
• 如果说英语常用动词的非限定形式和关 系词，汉语则是运用大量的动词结集， 根据时间顺序，一一予以安排，甚至尽 量省略关系词以达到动词集中、动词突 出的效果。这是汉语造句手法的基本倾 向。这种造句法着重动作的记录，着重 时间的顺序，先者先之，后者后之，把 一一发生的事件如实按次序说出。
• 从来没有听说过为了争夺父母藏书的继承权而兄 弟姐妹反目成仇、对簿公堂的。 • I have yet to come across a case of siblings falling out with each other over some collections of books handed down to them by their parents and taking the dispute to court. • He became deaf at five after an attack of typhoid fever. • 他五岁的时候，生了一场伤寒病，变成了聋子。
• 英语用不定式、动名词、现在分词或过 去分词短语，与主要动词短语部分加以 区分，表现一句话中动作的主次。
2．常常省略关系词。
• 关系词即介词和连接词等，这在英汉语 中都有。关系词还包括英语中的关系代 词或副词如that、which、where、 when等。这是汉语中所没有的。
• The man mounted his horse and rode off into the sunset • 和尚陪着小心，等他发作过了，拿一把 铅壶，撮了一把苦丁茶叶，倒满了水， 在火上燎得滚热，送与众位吃。

他妻子拿着一个盘子走过去，他连一句话也没跟她 说。 He said no word to his wife as she passed with a plate.
看到这惨状，大家立即陷入了恐慌。 译文1. On seeing this miserable scene, people got panic-stricken very soon. 译文2. At the sight of this miserable scene, people was seized with panic/overwhelmed by panic/great terror, or people were thrown in panic. 译文3. The sight of this miserable scene threw people in panic.
6-5 Passable translation with some inaccuracies The translation adequately reflects most of the original passage with occasional errors of vocabulary, syntax, spelling or punctuation. The translation is, for the most part, readable. 4-3 Inadequate translation with frequent inaccuracies half, with frequent errors; in some parts, unreadable 2-1 Poor translation less than half Almost all sentences contain errors of… For the most part, unreadable

9.1.1 广告的功能 9.1.2 广告的分类 9.1.3 广告的构成 9.1.4 广告翻译的原则
9.2 广告标题与口号
9.2.1 句法与修辞特点 9.2.2翻译方法
9.3 汉语广告与商标
9.3.1 汉语广告的语特点 9.3.2 汉语广告的翻译方法 9.3.3 商标的英译
9.4 法特点 9.4.2 英语广告的修辞格翻译 9.4.3 商标的汉译
(2)仿拟英文谚语 谚语大都短小精悍,寓意深刻,经久不衰,在翻译汉语广告时, 如能巧妙地套用英语谚语来表述产品信息,塑造产品形象, 定能增强广告的感染力,使读者倍感亲切,百闻不厌,从而有 助于销售,如: 城乡路万千,路路有航天. East ,west, Hangtian is best. 英国诗人George Orwell 的诗句” East ,west, home is the best.”早已成为英美人士表达思乡颂乡之情的佳句,被普遍 当作谚语引用.本例中商标”航天”代替了”home”一词,汉语 广告中对偶和押韵的手法在译文短短的五个词中得以重现, 读到这则英语广告,读者不禁产生奇妙的联想:无论天南海 北,无论城市乡村,只要您乘上航天牌汽车出游,眺望窗外变 幻无穷的优美景色,享受车内豪华舒适的环境,定会令您心 旷神怡,流连忘返.
汉语广告的翻译方法
1.套译法 2.词性转换法 3.常用句式的译法 (1)祈使句的翻译 (2)省略句的翻译 4.句型转换法 5.段落层次法 6.仿拟法
省略句的翻译
省略句和省略结构是英汉广告中最常见的语法现象之一。省略不仅使 文字精辟从而减少篇幅，降低成本，而且可促使读者进行积极的思维， 捕捉省略的信息。另外，省略还可使篇章紧凑有力，语气连贯，朗朗上 口，节奏感强，激发读者的联想，从而树立产品美好的形象。 广告 词中的省略句，通常情况下都是为了表达简洁而省略了主语，英 译时一般按照英语的表达习惯将省略的主语译出，以使译句表达完整。 但有些情况下，为使语言更简洁，更生动，更具吸引力，也可立足读者 而将原文结构加以改变，如：

What is Translation?
Not an easy question. Some of definitions
Translation, essentially, is the faithful representation, in one language, of what is written or said in another language. —Zhong Shukong A Handbook of Translation What is translation? Often, though not by any means always, it is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way the author intended the text. —Peter Newmark A Textbook of Translation
What is Translation
…aesthetics, linguistics, rhetoric, psychology, so on and so forth.
A polyseme: the process or the product; written translation only or both written translation and interpretation.
Translation: A Long History
The Tower of Babe: in the valley of Shinar According to historians:
the earliest translation activities in China: Zhou dynasty (1100.BC); and in the west: the first traces date from 3000 BC, during the Egyptian Old Kingdom and the first translator was a Greek slave Livius Andronicus, who in about 240 B.C. put the Odyssey into Latin verse. In China