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英汉翻译复习材料A New Coursebook On English-Chinese TranslationChapter One: Introduction of Translation1.1Definition1.1.1What is translation?1.1.2Translatability (可译性)1.1.3Translatability has limitations1.1.4Classification①intralingual translation & interlingual translation②interpretation & translation③Translation of literary works, of scientific materials ,of practical writing, of journalese(newspapers and magazines)④full text; extr acted; adapted translation1.2 Criterion of translation1.2.1 Criterion at home and abroad(1)严复的“信、达、雅”(faithfulness, expressiveness, elegance)(2) 钱钟书的“化境”(sublimation)(3) 傅雷的“神似”(similarity in spirit)(4) Alexander F. Tytler’s three principles of translation1.2.2 Basic criterion : faithfulness & smoothnessFaithfulness①Faithful to the original meaninge.g. 1. Jane does not work hard because she wants to earn money.误译：因为简想赚钱，所以才不下力干。
大学英语5级读写（提高班）翻译复习英译汉：1.The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的机声，令我特别神往。
2.He was eloquent and elegant—but soft.他有口才、有风度，但性格软弱。
3.His whole family were religious.他全家都是虔诚的教徒。
4.When he catches a glimpse of a potential antagonist,his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor.只要一发现有可能反对他的人，他就本能地要用他的魅力和风趣将这人争取过来。
5.The decision has to come.决定还没做出6.Characteristically,Mr.Harold concealed his feelings and watched and learned.海罗德与众不同，他隐藏着自己的感情，边看边学。
7.The frequency,wave length,and speed of sound are closely related.频率、波长和声速三者是密切相关的。
8.Of visible light,red light has the longest and violet the shortest wavelength.在各种可见光中，红光的波长最长，紫光的波长最短。
9.He tried vainly to talk us into agreement with the unrealistic proposal.他试图劝说我们同意接受这项不切实际的建议，但还是白费了力气。
（副词的分译）10.They,not unexpectedly,did not respond.他们根本没有答复，这是不足为奇的。
汉译英重点句子1. 读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记是人准确。
Reading make a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man.2. 阅读训练人的眼睛，说话训练人的口齿，写作训练人的思维。
Reading exercises one's eyes; Speaking, one's tongue; while writing, one's mind.3. 我们应该学会如何分析问题和解决问题。
We should learn how to analyze and solve problems.3. 语言这个东西不是随便可以学好的，费下苦功不可。
The mastery of the language is not easy and requires painstaking effort.4. 独立思考对学习是绝对必要的。
Independent thinking is absolute necessity in study.5. 我们很高兴的看到，中国的经济已有了很大的发展。
It is our great pleasure to note that China has made great progress in economy.6. 科学家们深信，所有物质都是不灭的。
Scientists are confident that all matter is indestructible.9. 许多人认为，普通人的思维活动根本无法与科学家的思维活动相比，认为这些思维活动必须经过某种专门训练才能掌握。
And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can by no means be compared with these processes, and that they have to be required by a sort of special training.10.如果一个民族不能自由地决定其政治地位，不能自由地保证其经济、社会和文化的发展，要享受其基本权利，即使不是不可能，也是不容易的。
PEP小学四年级英语下册复习知识点Unit1一、单词：first floor second floor home room bedroombathroom living room kitchen classroom schoolpark library bookstore farm zoo gardenstudy playground teacher’s office library gym art room computer room music room TV room shop next to homework class forty way二、Let’s do：Go to the library.Read a book.Go to the teachers’ office. Say hello.Go to the playground.Play football.Go to the garden.Water the flowers.三、发音：er /ə/：sweater tiger father brother mother computer farmer ruler driver water sister dinner weather teacher eraser四、句型：1、Is that the computer room?2、Do you have a library? Yes,we do. /No, we don’t3. Where is the library?It’s on the second floor.4. How many students are there in your class?Forty-five students.5. It is a computer.This is my school.。
That is the playground.6. Is this the art room? Yes,it is.No,it isn’t.Is that the teacher’s office? Yes,it is.No,it isn’t.Is it a computer? Yes,it is.No,it isn’t.Do you have a playground?Yes,we do No,we don’t./Yes,I do.No,I don’t.7. This way please.一、单词：一日三餐 breakfast lunch dinner/supper课程（classes）：science Chinese class math class PE class English class computer class art classmusic class English class music class PE classget up go to school go home go to bed over now o’clock kid thirty hurry come on just a minute 二、Let’s do:It’s time for breakfast.Let’s drink some milk.It’s time for lunch.Let’s have some chicken.It’s time for dinner.Let’s eat some rice.It’s time for PE class.Let’s jump and run.It’s time for English class.Let’s read and write.It’s time for music class.Let’s sing and dance.三、发音：ir和urIr /ə:/: bird girl birthday thirty shirt T-shirt skirt first Ur /ə:/ ：nurse hamburger hurt turn四、句型：It’s time for+名词It’s time to+动词What time is it now? It’s5o’clock.。
英汉互译期末复习一、翻译下列短语tourist visa 旅游签证special report 专题报道circus performance 马戏lyric poem 抒情诗internal combustion engine 内燃机Parataxis 意合Joseph Needham 李约瑟fundamental issue 基本问题theatrical mask 戏剧脸谱The Waterloo Bridge 魂断蓝桥village head 村长diplomatic passport 外交护照senior nurse 主任护士network transaction 网络交易area of news coverage 现场采访chain reaction 连锁反应data highway 信息高速公路 a stick-and –carrot policy 大棒加胡萝卜政策老乡fellow-townsman 公务员civil service头条新闻top/headline news 事倍功半half result with double efforts勿靠近车门keep clear of door 入境签证entry visa阶梯教室lecture theatre 免税商店duty-free shop安全检查security check 情人节the Valent ine’s Day元宵节the Lantern Festival 沉默是金Silence is golden杂技表演acrobatic performance 执行主席executive chairman科技英语English for science and technology经济舱Economy Class 商务舱Business Class功臣the great contributor 武术martial art出发点starting point 室温room temperature蜀南竹海the Bamboo Forest in Southern Sichuan澳门Macao 归化adaptation红糖brown sugar二、翻译下列句子1.When we are in buoyant health, death is all but unimaginable. We seldomthink of it. The days stretch out in endless vista. So we go about our pettytasks, hardly aware of our listless attitude toward life.当我们年富力强时，死亡几乎是不可想象的。
英汉翻译总复习I. Directions: Decide whether the following statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F).1.“以效果而论，翻译应当像临画一样，所求得不在形似而在神似”。
这是鲁迅提出的翻译观点。
2. 玄奘提倡翻译理论和实践相结合，其诸如增补、省略、变位、分合、替代等在今天仍有指导意义。
3. 英语中代词、介词、连词的使用频率高。
汉语的数词使用得多, 因为汉语的成语及缩略语靠数词构成。
4. 英语属于“多枝共干型”或“葡萄串型”，英语句子如“老树参天, 枝杈横生”句子长，插入成分多，形成复杂嵌套结构，呈现“右分支”(right-branching )状，“前重心”，即主要信息放在主句中，放在句首，前重后轻，呈“孔雀尾”（头小尾大）状。
5. 一般来讲，在英语句子中，名词和介词占优势，而在汉语中动词占优势。
6. 汉语是一门动词化的语言，而英语主要以名词为主，呈静态特点。
7. 两汉至唐宋时期对佛经的翻译掀起了我国翻译史的第一次翻译高潮。
8. 就英汉对比而言，汉语重语义，英语重结构，汉语多补充，英语多省略。
9．英汉两种语言分属不同的语系，汉语属于汉臧语系（Sino-Tibetan）英语，属于印欧语系（Indo-European）。
10．释道安提出“五失本，三不易”的翻译理论。
“三不易”指翻译工作中的三种难事：难得恰当，难得契合，难得正确。
11．玄奘提倡翻译理论和实践相结合，其诸如增补、省略、变位、分合、替代等在今天仍有指导意义。
12. 由于词汇使用频率不对应，翻译是时不能拘泥与字面的对应，而应该以整体意义为重，灵活变通。
13．汉语句子属于语义型或意合型(parataxis)，依仗意义，即内在的逻辑关系组织语言的手段，“以意统形”，英语句子属于(hypotaxis）语法型或形合型，依仗形式（包括词“集”（词组乃至语篇）的语言组织手段。
14．鲁迅提出了翻译要“宁信而不顺”，而钱钟书则提出翻译要做到“神似”。
最新电大《英语翻译基础》翻译句子复习整理英译汉A big reward will make the brave come forward重赏之下，必有勇夫。
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush,一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。
A little forethought would have saved you much trouble afterwards你如果事先略作盘算，后来也不至于有那么多的麻烦了。
A mastery of Chinese and English is essential for E-C or C-E translation做英汉/汉英翻译必须掌握好汉语与英语。
A new kind of aircraft—small，cheap，pilotless—is attracting increasing attention。
一种新型的飞机正越来越引起人们的注意——这种飞机体积不大，价钱便宜，无人驾驶。
A red sun rose slowly from the calm lake。
一轮红日从风平浪静的海面冉冉升起。
A stream was winding its way through the valley into the river。
一弯溪水蜿蜒流过山谷，汇合到江里去了。
A tiny staggerer came suddenly rocking into the yard.一个刚刚学步的小宝宝突然摇摇晃晃地走进院子After all preparations were made ，the planes were flown across he U.S to San Francisco.一切准备工作就绪以后，飞机就飞越美国去旧金山。
All roads lead to Rome条条大路通罗马。
All the articles are untouchable in the museum.博物馆内一切展品禁止触摸。
Unit 1-6 课后翻译汉译英英译汉1. 你愿意把你的经验和组里的其他人分享吗？:Would you like to share your experience with the rest of the group?2. 你父亲如果还健在的话，他会为你骄傲的:If your father were still alive, he would be very proud of you.3. 她开车转弯上了自家的车道不料发现路已被堵塞:She turned up the driveway, only to find her way blocked.4. 他没有告诉任何人就走了，因为他不想卷入那件事。
He went away without telling anyone, because he didn’t want to get involved in that matter.5. 最终，产品的成功还是取决于高明的销售手段:Ultimately, the success of the product depends on good marketing. 1. 我们急匆匆地赶到火车站，结果发现火车刚刚开走。
We hurried to the railway station, only to find the train had just left.2. 你和你哥哥都不是细心的人，你们两个都不能做这件需要细心和技巧的工作。
(no more than)Answer:You are no more careful than your brother. You two can’t do the work that needs care and skill.3. 多一个人参会对会议安排不会有什么影响。
(make a difference)Answer:One more person wouldn’t make any difference to the meeting arrangements.4. 他一直工作到昨天深夜，或者更确切地说，是到今天凌晨。
1. Today the electronic computer is widely used in solving mathematical problems having to do with weather forecasting and putting satellites into orbit.译文：今天, 电子计算机广泛地运用于解决一些数学问题, 这些问题与天气预报、把卫星送入轨道有关。
2. No reference books are to be taken out of the reading-room without permission译文：本阅览室的任何参考书都不得擅自带出。
3. Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind. It is the freshness of the deep springs of life.译文：青春不是人生的一个阶段，而是一种心境。
青春是生命深处的一泓清泉。
4. The isolation of the rural world because of distance and the lack of transport facilities is compounded by the paucity of the information media.译文：因为距离远，又缺乏交通工具，农村社会是与外界隔绝的。
这种隔绝状态由于通信工具不足，就变得更加严重了。
5. You can fool all the people some of the time and some of the people all the time, but you cannot fool all the people all the time.译文：骗人一夕一事易，欺众一生一世难。
6. Care should be taken at all times to protect these sophisticated instruments from dust and damp.译文：应当始终注意保护这些精密仪器，不使其沾染灰尘，不让他们受潮。
1.Since we are through with the customs formalities, we feel rather released.我们办完了海关手续，感觉如释重负。
2.Repeated failures at making experiments may be too much for many talented would-bescientists.在实验过程中屡遭失败，对于许多有天赋的将要成为科学家的人来说可能是难以承受的。
3.Despite our efforts at quality-oriented education, many teachers and parents are stillkeen on marks.尽管我们努力推进素质教育,许多老师和家长还是热衷于分数。
4.Rate of penetration was found to be proportional to the net pressure applied by thetool.人们发现钻孔速度与工具所受的净压力成正比。
5.They build roads, houses, bridges, ships, pipelines, and canals.他们修路、盖房、架桥、造船、铺管道、挖运河。
6.The two units used most frequently in electricity are ampere and volt: this is theunit of voltage and that of current.电学上最常用的两个单位是安培和伏特：后者是电压的单位，前者是电流的单位。
7. A new kind of aircraft—small, cheap, pilotless—is attracting increasing attention.一种新型的飞机正越来越引起人们的注意—这种飞机体积不大，价钱便宜，无人驾驶。
