新课标高考英语重点语法范例第一周派生词在新课标全国卷的语法填空题中,有涉及单词的形式变化的题目;此外,新考纲要求考生掌握3 000多个英语单词;因此,掌握常用派生词的构词方法不仅能帮助同学们做好语法填空题,还能帮助同学们扩大词汇量,为同学们在高考中稳操胜券奠定基础;一、名词后缀1．动词＋-ion/-tion /-sion→名词表示动作或动作过程correct v．改正；纠正correction n．改正celebrate v．庆祝celebration n．庆祝；庆祝会conclude v．完成；结束conclusion n．结论；结束2．动词＋-er/-or→名词表示从事某种职业或进行某种活动的人drive v．驾驶开车；驱赶driver n．司机；驾驶员gather v．聚集；采集gatherer n．收集者；采集者conduct v．指挥；管理conductor n．指挥；售票员3．动词＋-ment→名词punish v．惩罚punishment n．惩罚4．动词/形容词＋-th→名词warm adj.温暖的warmth n．温暖grow v．生长growth n．生长5．形容词＋-y→名词difficult adj.困难的difficulty n．困难honest adj.诚实的honesty n．诚实6．形容词＋-ness→名词kind adj.善良的kindness n．善良7．动词＋-ance→名词annoy v t.使烦恼annoyance n．生气；烦恼8．-ship结尾的名词表示身份；关系；资格member n．成员；会员membership n．会员资格professor n．教授professorship n．教授身份9．-ing结尾的名词garden n．花园gardening n．园艺greet v．打招呼；问候greetings n．问候针对训练语篇填空用所给单词的适当形式完成下列短文AFrom the express on Mary’s face, he knew he left a bad impress on her and if she won the elect to become chairman of the Environment organize, he could not get her permit to join it although he was willing to do his bit to rid the world of pollute and to help people enjoy a better he was wondering how to change this embarrassing situation, he got inspire from his wife’s , he should try his best to win the election and become chairman himself with his determine to work for the organization.“My dear, you are really a wonderful helpI’m sure I will be the win of the election.” He said to his wife excitedly.BIt was really a hard time when Li Ping first came to the United earn could hardly cover the expenses, so when his wife gave bear to their second daughter, they could not afford enough nutrition , poor nutrition caused the die of the poor lonely was another problem because they had no relate or friends to his brave and persevere, he managed to gain the citizen of the United States and in the end he had his permanent 9. settlement settle．He always tells his children like this: Perseverance leads to happy and success.二、形容词后缀1．常见形容词后缀1名词＋-al→形容词表示“有……属性”, “与……有关”agriculture n．农业agricultural adj.农业的2动词＋-ive→形容词decide v．决定；下决心decisive adj.决定性的；关键的3动词＋-able→形容词表示“能够”,“适于”,“值得”change v．变化；兑换changeable adj.易变的；变化无常的4名词＋-ful→形容词care n．小心；关心careful adj.小心的；仔细的5名词＋-less→形容词意思与原名词相反care n. 小心；关心careless adj.粗心的6名词＋-ly→形容词friend n．朋友friendly adj.友好的7名词＋-y→形容词dirt n．污物；脏物dirty adj.脏的8名词＋-ous→形容词danger n．危险dangerous adj.危险的2．复合形容词的构成1形容词＋-ing分词easy-going 随和的2形容词＋名词＋-ed kind-hearted 善良的；好心的3名词＋-ed分词water-covered 被水覆盖的4副词＋-ed分词well-written 写得好的5数词＋名词＋-ed three-legged 三条腿的针对训练Ⅰ.阅读下列句子,写出画线单词的意思1．It feels like an unbelievable stroke of luck — of fate, really.2012·四川高考阅读C2．The good working condition in this city is attractive.3．You can rely on him because he is reliable.4．Her words struck fear into her heart so that she was sleepless all night long, afraid of being killed unexpectedly some day.5．It was a frosty cold morning when he set off for the remote village.答案：1.不可思议的；难以置信的 2.吸引人的 3.可依赖的；靠得住的 4.没有睡觉的；不眠的 5.有霜的Ⅱ.语篇填空A：用所给单词的适当形式完成下列短文Lucy likes talking and everybody says she is communicate．She is act in answering the teachers’questions and from time to time her classmates find her answers quite impress and accept. Of course, not every student likes her, but she has many friends who think Lucy is a create and help example, she once led a 7. homeless home child to her home and made the child her younger , she spent count hours caring for a sick neighbor until she was well is friend to those who have difficulty with their in all, Lucy is the most fame girl in her school.B：运用所学构词知识完成下列短文Our journey was far-reaching amongst snow-covered/capped 雪封的mountains where no English-speaking 说英语的people local people are good-looking 相貌好看的, easy-going 随和的andhard-working 勤劳的．Our hostess was old-aged 年老的,white-haired 白发苍苍的andsun-burnt 被太阳晒伤的．She gave me home-made 自家做的yaks milk cake, looking self-satisfied 自足的as I enjoyed this rare treat although very well-known 着名and wide-spread 广泛流传around was exhausted when I fell into the ready-made 准备好了的bed she prepared for me.三、动词词缀1．前缀-en＋形容词→动词enrich v．丰富enlarge v．变大；增大；扩大2．形容词＋-en→动词shorten v．缩短widen v．加宽3．-fy结尾的动词simplify v．简化classify v．归类4．-ize结尾的动词realize v．认识到popularize v．普及针对训练Ⅰ.阅读下列句子, 写出画线部分的意思1．Extracurricular activities enable the students to know how to apply the knowledge learned in the textbooks. 2．The two countries are trying their best to normalize_their_relationship.think that studying abroad can broaden_their_horizons.4．You will horrify the baby if you speak too loudly.答案：1.使能够 2.使关系正常化 3.拓宽视野 4.使惊惧Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空1．Try your best to memorize memory these new words.2．The question must be simplified simple so that we can find out a solution to it.3．It costs a lot of money if we plan to purify pure the waste water.4．He quickened quick his steps to arrive home earlier.5．You can enlarge large your vocabulary if you keep on memorizing some new words every day.四、否定词缀1．表示否定意义的前缀un- 不,非unable不能够unlucky 不幸的dis- 不,非dishonest不诚实的discontinuous 不连贯的in- 不,非inactive不活跃的incorrect 不正确的im- 不,非impatient不耐烦的impossible不可能的ir- 不,非irregular 不规则的irresponsible不负责任的il- 不,非illogical 不合逻辑的illegal 非法的non- 不,非nonexistent不存在的nonstop 直达的；连续不断的mis- 错误mislead 误导misunderstand 误解dis-＋动词意义相反dislike不喜欢disagree 不同意un-＋动词意义相反uncover 揭开undress 脱衣服2．表示否定意义的后缀名词＋-less→否定意义的形容词use n. 用处；用途useless adj.无用的hope n. 希望hopeless adj.没有希望的；绝望的home n．家homeless adj.无家可归的针对训练Ⅰ.阅读下列短文,写出画线单词的意思A was that the high temperature caused the big , Miss Wang knew it was not the true she insisted that the government should make the truth known to the Miss Wang knew that her appeal was ,_ she felt rather decided to the truth: it was human errors that were to blame for the terrible wanted to tell the public about the coldness of some believed that the truth must be now.1．____________4．____________答案：1.错误观念 2.驳回；不准许 3.失望的；沮丧的4．揭露 5.揭露；揭发Ⅱ.语篇填空用所给单词的适当形式完成下列短文The speech seemed to be stop and the listeners became very patient．When the speaker said that oil was renew and that the best way to solve the problem was not to make cars and buses to force people to go to work or school on foot, the audience thought it was practice and bear to listen to him any believe that the world would go smoothly without these modern also thought that the speaker was responsible to make such a statement without thinking it carefully and his speech would cause some understand．So most of the listeners chose to leave, shouting loudly and angrily.五、正确使用派生词1．动词、介词、冠词、物主代词等词类后一般接名词或动名词;如果所给单词是其他词类, 就要将其改为名词, 并注意名词数的变化;1Do you know the depth deep of the river2His carelessness careful resulted in the terrible accident.3He is one of the scientists science who support this theory.2．动词、介词后一般接名词或动名词;所给单词为动词,就要看该动词是否有名词形式;如果有名词形式,就用其名词形式;如果该动词没有名词形式,就用其动名词形式;此外,如果所给动词有名词形式,就要看其后有无宾语;如果后有宾语,用动名词形式；后无宾语,则用名词形式;1Please pay attention attend to your handwriting.动词attend本身有名词形式attention, 所以不用动名词attending;2His arrival arrive made the situation worse.动词arrive本身有名词形式arrival, 所以不用动名词arriving;3The teacher was angry at my coming come late.动词come没有名词,所以用动名词coming;4Thank you for your help help．Thank you for helping help me.5I was happy because of his appreciation appreciate．I was happy because of his appreciating appreciate my speech.上面两组句子中,helping与appreciating后都带有宾语,故用动名词;help与appreciation后没有宾语,故用名词形式;3．动词前后、形容词前后可有副词;如果所需词为副词时, 还要考虑副词级的变化;1The boy ran quickly quick to school.2“What’s that” Father shouted angrily angry．3The little girl is extremely extreme eager to know the result of the exam.4Your composition is badly bad do your writing exercise more attentively attend next time.5You’re driving too fast. Can you drive a bit more slowly slow4．名词前面一般可有形容词修饰语;如果所需词为形容词时, 还要考虑形容词级的变化;1 What’s the widest width river in the world2The stronger strength we become, the more modest we should be.针对训练Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空1．Mary was very sad at the news, so she looked sadly at her husband, her eyes full of sadness.sad2．He played football very well and he was one of the best players in yesterday’s football match.play3．LookHow happily Kate is laughingShe seems to be the happiest girl in the world.happy4．To our satisfaction,_ the headmaster was very satisfied with our report.satisfy5．Edison was a great his life he had many inventions.invent6．I should simplify my task and make it simpler/simple to finish it.simple7．The boy having the appearance of being half starved disappeared,_ never to be seen again.appear8．The police discovered the pot and uncovered a plot against the President.cover9．You are so kind to help me. Thank you for your kindness.kindly10．Everything is becoming more_expensive than before and many college students had to work to make some money for their college expenses.expendⅡ.语篇填空用所给单词的适当形式完成下列短文A group of robbers dug their way into the basement of a bank in Paris and emptied almost 200 private safety．They entered the Credit Lyonnais branch using building equip to dig holes and destroy walls on Saturday tied up a secure guard and spent the next nine hours robbing the bank.One investigate described the rob as a “ profession job”．The robbers came in at about 22：00 on Saturday and left at 7：00 on entered through the basements of the neighbour building, digging through a series of tunnels and making a hole into a wall of 80cm thick to get into the bank, which was having building works at the time.When they left, the robbers set the place on fire to move any trace of evidence, switching on the anti-fire system and flooding the fortune, the guard escaped harm．It is difficult to estimate the total value of what was stolen as only the bank’s clients 储户know the content of their private safes.第二周动词的时态和语态一、动词的时态1．一般现在时1表示经常性、习惯性的动作和现在的状态、特征;句中常用often, usually, every day等时间状语;Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers.2013·北京高考On Monday mornings it usually takes me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.2013·陕西高考2表示客观事实、普遍真理或自然现象,无论在什么情况下都用一般现在时表示;“Life is like walking in the snow,” Granny used to say,“because every step shows.”2012·新课标全国卷—So what is the procedure—All the applicants are interviewed before a final decision is made by the authority.2013·北京高考3在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,用现在时代替将来时;My parents have promised to come to see me before I leave for Africa.4表示按计划、时刻表规定要发生的动作,但限于少数动词;如begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等;The flight takes off at 2：30 every Wednesday and Friday.2．一般过去时1表示过去的事情、动作或状态,常与表示过去的时间状语连用或上下文语境有暗示；用于表示过去的习惯；表示说话人原来没有料到、想到的事;I didn’t realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon.2013·新课标全国卷ⅡMichael’s father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier.2013·新课标全国卷ⅡI was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school.2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ2注意句型：was/were about to do ... when ...中when后从句的动词用过去式;I was about to go to bed when the telephone rang.3．现在完成时常用的时间状语有：so far, recently, lately, once/twice/three ...times, before, ever, by now, in the last/past few years, over a long time, up to now, yet, already, just, since等;主要用于以下几种情况：1表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果;—Look Somebody has cleaned the sofa.—Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.2012·江西高考2表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态;They have been good friends since they met at a meeting.Shakespeare’s play Hamlet has been made into at least ten different films over the past years.2013·北京高考3下列句型中常用现在完成时;①It is has been＋一段时间＋since从句This That/It is the first second ... time＋that从句This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family.2009·陕西高考②在条件、时间、让步状语从句中,表示将来某时以前已完成的动作;—When shall we restart our business—Not until we have finished our plan.2010·四川高考4．过去完成时1过去某一时间或某一动作前已完成的动作或存在的状态;过去某一时间的动作或状态持续到过去另一时间,还可能持续下去;常与for, since等构成的时间状语连用;He was unhappy when he sold his all, he had had it for a very long time.2013·辽宁高考We first met on a train in both felt immediately that we had known each other for years.2有些动词有时用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的希望、打算或意图;这类动词常见的有：hope, plan, mean, expect, intend, suppose, want, think等;I had hoped to be back last night, but I didn’t catch the train.3在特殊句式hardly/scarcely ...when ...; no sooner ...than ...中,主句常用过去完成时,该句式意为“一……就……；刚……就……”;Hardly No sooner had I got home when than the rain poured down.5．将来完成时将来完成时表示到将来某一时间,某一动作将会完成,常用的时间状语为“by＋将来的某个时间”;—I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car.—I know. By next month, he will have saved enough for a used one.2012·上海高考6．现在进行时表示说话时正在发生着的一个动作；表示现阶段但不一定是发生在讲话时的一个动作；表近期特定的安排或计划；go, come等表示起止动作的动词可用进行时代替将来时;You are always studying in the not have a picnic this afternoon7．过去进行时1过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或某动作在某一阶段内发生或频繁发生;—Did you catch what I said—Sorry. I was answering a text message just now.2012·四川高考—Have you finished reading Jane Eyre—No, I was doing my homework all day yesterday.2010·新课标全国卷2某一动作发生时另一动作正在进行,其中的持续性动作用过去进行时,短暂性动作用一般过去时;—I don’t understand why you didn’t go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.—I’m so sorry. But I was doing my homework.2013·湖南高考8．现在完成进行时1表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作,并且现在还在进行;The girl has a great interest in sport and has been taking badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.2013·福建高考2表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作,在说话时刚刚结束;Where have you beenWe have been looking for you everywhere.9．将来进行时将来进行时可用于表示将来某个时刻正在发生的动作或者将来某一段时间内正在进行的动作;将来进行时常与一些标志性的时间状语连用;这些常见的标志性状语有：at this time tomorrow/the day after tomorrow, from 1：30 to 4：30 tomorrow/the day after tomorrow;—Can I call you back at two o’clock this afternoon—I’m sorry, but by then I will be flying to Beijing. How about five2012·陕西高考二、动词的语态英语中动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态;主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者;做有关被动语态的题目可以分两步走：第一步确定正确的时态,第二步确定正确的语态;判断用主动语态还是用被动语态的根据是看主语与谓语动词之间的关系：如果是主谓关系则用主动语态,如果是动宾关系则用被动语态;被动语态的构成以write为例时间一般时态进行时态完成时态现在am/is/are written am/is/are being written has/have been written过去was/were written was/were being written had been written将来shall/will be writtenThey got married last week.He fell and got hurt.2．主动形式表被动意义1系动词look, feel, sound, smell, taste, seem, appear, go, prove, turn等＋形容词/名词;The dish tastes delicious.His plan proved to be practical.2表示主语的某种属性的词：read, write, drive, sell, wash, clean, wear, open, shut等,其主语往往是物;—What about the books—Books of this kind sell well.The door won’t open.The pen writes smoothly.3be worth后常接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义;A lot of small towns in the area are definitely worth visiting.4need, want, require, deserve等动词后用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义;Most house plants require regular watering.针对训练Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空1．2013·安徽高考I’m calling about the apartment you advertised advertise the other you tell me more about it2．2013·北京高考—Do you think Mom and Dad will_be be late—No, Swiss Air is usually on time.3．2013·北京高考Hurry up Mark and Carol are_expecting expect us.4．2013·湖南高考“What do you want to be” asked .“Oh,I will_be be president,” said the boy, with a smile.5．2013·湖南高考Around two o’clock every night, Sue will start talking in her somewhat bothers bother us.6．2013·湖南高考If nothing is_done do, the oceans will turn into fish deserts.7．2013·湖南高考—Have you heard about the recent election—Sure, it has_been be the only thing on the news for the last three days.8．2013·江苏高考Generally, students’inner motivation with high expectations from others is be essential to their development.9．2013·江苏高考—Could I use your car tomorrow morning— will_be_writing write a report at home.10．2013·江苏高考“Never for a second,” the boy says, “did do I doubt that my father would come to my rescue.”11．2013·江苏高考—What about your self-drive trip yesterday—Tiring The road is being widened, and we had have a rough ride.12．2013·江西高考I was_coming come to visit you later that day, but I had to phone and cancel.13．2013·辽宁高考At no time did do they actually break the rules of the was unfair to punish them.14．2013·辽宁高考We are confident that the environment will_be_improved improve by our further efforts to reduce pollution.15．2013·山东高考I didn’t think I’d like the movie, but actually it was be pretty good.16．2013·陕西高考Jim was_watching watch a late-night film at home when, right in the middle of a thrilling scene, the television went blank.17．2013·上海高考Bob called to tell his mother that he couldn’t enter the house, for he had_left leave his key at school.18．2013·上海高考The school board is made up of parents who have_been_electedelect to make decisions about school affairs.19．2013·四川高考Hurry up, kids The school bus is_waiting wait for us20．2013·新课标全国卷ⅡWe were_leaving leave very early so we packed the night before.21．2013·新课标全国卷ⅠIf we don’t_act not act now to protect the environment, we’ll live to regret it.22．2013·新课标全国卷ⅠWhen I first met Bryan I didn’t like him, but I have_changed change my mind.23．2013·浙江高考During the last three decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness programs has_increased increase sharply.24．2013·重庆高考I felt very tired when I got home, and I went go straight to bed.25．2013·重庆高考A Midsummer Night’s Dream opensopen at the Theatre Royal on 19th June, and then tours throughout Scotland.Ⅱ.语篇填空用所给单词的适当形式完成下列短文AIt was getting dark when I get was cold and I wear a walked up to the door and put my hand into my pocket to take out the key, but I couldn’t find suddenly remembered that I leave it on my desk in the really didn’t make any knew my wife be at home and the children must have come back from school by now, so I knock at the was no continue knocking at the door for some get I remembered something the office boy tell me at said that my wife phone saying that she go shopping in the afternoon with the seemed that nothing can do and I shut out of my house.BWelcome to our ’d like to introduce plans for our school to you. A lot of work do in the past few years. The library complete and is ready for we’ll still have to do more new biology lab build this we don’t have enough money for the equipment. Students in all grades collect money which is collected spend on new present, a plan make for a party at the end of the term, at which wonderful performances put on.The gardens of the school improve this trees plant which will soon give shade in whole school paint during the summer fact, our school is becoming more and more beautiful.第三周情态动词和虚拟语气一、情态动词1．can 和could的用法1表示“能力”;Even a child can operate the computer, let alone an adult.2表示惊讶,常用在否定句和疑问句中;How could you do such a silly thing3表示可能;It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it can be rather cold sometimes.4cannot ... too/enough表示“无论……也不过分”；“越……越好”;I can’t thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.2012·陕西高考2．may和might的用法1may和might表示“许可、可能性、祝愿”等意义;①在给予别人许可时,常用can,但有时也用may;不能用might;—May I take the book out—I’m afraid not.2010·四川高考②“may as well＋动词原形”意为“最好；倒不如”;We may as well stay where we are.2may作“可以”讲时,其否定式常用“mustn’t”表示“禁止”；must作“必须”讲时,其否定式是“needn’t”,表示“不必”;—May I take this book out of the reading room—No, you mustn’t. You read it in here.2010·陕西高考3．must的用法1表示禁止用于否定句;The new law states that people mustn’t drive after drinking alcohol.2012·上海高考2表示“偏执；固执”;If you must go, at least wait until the storm is over.2011·辽宁高考4．shall的用法1用于第一、第三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示;—What time shall I pick you up at your house tomorrow, sir—I haven’t decided on the I will call you.2用于第二、第三人称陈述句中,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁;No driving electric motor bikes in some areas is a rule that you shall obey in Fuzhou.5．will和would的用法作情态动词的will, would与作助动词的will, would的各种形式相同;1表示自愿做或主动提出做什么,如意志、愿望或决心等;would用于过去的情况;—Goodbye, John. Come back again sometime.—Sure. I will.2012·四川高考—Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night—I wanted to, but my mom simply would not let me out so late at night.2011·重庆高考2will可以表示一种习惯性的动作,有“总是”或“总要”之意;Every morning he will have a walk along this river.3would 可以表示过去的习惯性动作,比used to正式,但没有“现已无此习惯”的含义;When we worked in the same firm several years ago, we would often go to the cinema together.6．情态动词＋have＋过去分词1can/could have done表示“本来可以做,而实际上未做”或者“过去可能”,疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为表示怀疑或不肯定,其中can’t have done多用于语气强烈的否定,意为“不可能做过”;—Do you know where David isI couldn’t find him anywhere.— can’t have gone far — his coat’s still here.I could have saved the poor rabbit, but I didn’t have the right drugs with me at that moment.2may/might have done表示对过去行为的推测,意为“可能做过”;might所表示的可能性比较弱,语气较委婉;此外might have done可表示“本可能做而实际上未做”;Sorry, I’m might have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.3must have done表示对过去行为的推测,意为“一定；想必”,语气十分肯定;Jack described his father, who must have been a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man.2010·安徽高考4should have done表示过去本来应该做某事而实际上却没有做；shouldn’t have done表示过去本来不应该做某事而实际上却做了;这一用法往往含有责备的意味;I shouldn’t have watched that movie — it’ll give me horrible dreams.2010·山东高考5ought to have done表示过去本来应该做某事而实际上却没有做；ought not to have done表示过去本来不应该做某事而实际上却做了;这一用法与should相同,也往往含有责备的意味;You ought to have come to the party yesterday, but why didn’t you come6needn’t have done表示本来不必做某事而实际上却做了;Mark needn’t have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.2010·天津高考二、虚拟语气1．非真实条件句中虚拟语气的用法if条件从句从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式表示现在情况动词过去式be的过去式用were should/would/could/might＋动词原形表示过去情况had＋过去分词should/would/could/might＋have＋过去分词表示未来情况should＋动词原形should/would/could/might＋动词原形动词过去式were to＋动词原形We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold hadn’t offered us a ride home.2012·天津高考If it snowed/were to snow/should snow tomorrow, we would take photos.名师指津若条件句中有were, had, should, 可把if省略,而把were, had, should放在主语前,形成倒装结构,这种结构主要用于书面语中;Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy would have been saved.2010·浙江高考Should it rain tomorrow, we would have to cancel the football match.2．错综时间虚拟条件句If you had worked hard, you would be very tired now.从句指过去,主句指现在3．含蓄虚拟语气有时假设的情况并不用条件从句表达,而是由otherwise, but, or, without, but for等来引导;I was so busy then, otherwise I would have gone to help him.I would have come sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.2011·天津高考4．某些从句中虚拟语气的用法1表示命令、建议、要求、愿望等含义的动词后宾语从句和同位语从句时用虚拟语气,形式为：should ＋动词原形;常这样用的动词有：advise劝告,demand要求,desire渴望,command命令,insist坚决要求,prefer宁愿,urge主张,order命令,recommend 劝告；建议,request要求,require要求,suggest建议,以及这些词的名词形式;Teachers recommend parents not allow their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.2010·福建高考2wish后跟宾语从句时用虚拟语气;对现在情况的假设：wish＋主语＋动词过去式be用were对过去情况的假设：wish＋主语＋had＋过去分词对将来情况的假设：wish＋主语＋would＋动词原形—How much of the foreign expert’s speech have you understood—Next to nothing. I wish I had worked harder at English.3would rather后跟从句时用虚拟语气,表示愿望,意为“宁愿；但愿”;George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he focused more on its culture.2010·江苏高考4在“It is about/high time＋that从句”中,谓语动词常用过去式或“should＋动词原形”表示虚拟语气;It is high time that people learnt/should learn English.5在as if从句中,看语境是否与事实相反而选择是否使用虚拟语气;It looks as if it’s going to rain.She talked about it again and again as if she would never end.6if only 引导的感叹句中,用虚拟语气表示愿望;Look at the trouble we’re in. If only we had taken our teacher’s advice针对训练Ⅰ.在下列各句中填入适当的情态动词1．2013·新课标全国卷ⅡSince nobody gave him any help, he must have done the research on his own.2．2013·四川高考—Why are your eyes so red You can’t have slept well last night.—Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.3．2013·陕西高考My mom suggests that we should eat out for a change this weekend.4．2013·湖南高考He couldn’t sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.5．2013·安徽高考It couldn’t be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.6．2013·重庆高考—What are you doing this Saturday—I’m not sure, but I might go to the Rolling Stones concert.7．2013·江西高考When I was a child, I could watch TV whenever I wanted to.8．2013·北京高考—You needn’t take an isn’t going to rain.—Well, I don’t might do.9．2013·辽宁高考Harry is feeling must_have_drunk too much at the party last night.10．2012·全国卷ⅡI’m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I can find the money.11．2012·辽宁高考One of our rules is that every student shall wear school uniform while at school.12．2012·重庆高考—Must you interrupt now Can’t you see I’m on the phone—Sorry Sir, but it’s urgent.13．2012·江苏高考Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but wouldn’t not say where he was.14．2011·新课标全国卷They should have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.15．2011·江西高考We needn’t not have bought so much food now that Suzie won’t be with us for dinner.16．—How’s your new babysitter—We couldn’t not ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.17．2011·陕西高考I couldn’t not have gone through that bitter period without your generous help.18．2012·四川高考I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao,” just as I might do in China.19．2011·上海高考I needn’t not worry about my weekend — I always have my plans ready before it comes.20．There shouldn’t not be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.Ⅱ.用所给动词的适当形式填空1．2012·安徽高考Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she were_to_live live there, she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often.2．2012·北京高考We could_have_faced face the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me3．2012·辽宁高考Jack is a great talker. It’s high time that he did do something instead of just talking.4．2012·福建高考We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we would_have_visited visit more places of interest yesterday.5．2012·浙江高考Had they known what was coming next, they might_have_had have second thoughts.6．2012·北京高考Don’t handle the vase as if it were be made of steel.7．2012·湖南高考Sorry, I am too busy I had have time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.。
