SAGE_Vancouver_reference_style

SAGE Word template guidelinesQuick start-up instructions∙Open the template∙Save it to your desktop, or if you use the template frequently attach the template (see Appendix C: Word techniques)∙If you have already started writing your article, copy and paste your entire article into the template (“ctrl + A” > “ctrl +C” > “ctrl + V, see Appendix A: Generalkeyboard shortcuts)∙Apply the paragraph styles listed in Appendix B.The copy-editor and typesetter will particularly need to be clear about the following paragraph styles:1.Heading levels2.Quotes3.Extracts4.Bulleted and numbered lists∙Formatting references: Please make sure the reference list is consistent in its structure. If you have already finished the list and it is not in the required journal-specific style, it is still an acceptable format, but please do not mix differentreference styles, like Vancouver and APA.Applying paragraph stylesEach paragraph section of text needs to be given a style …tag‟. To view the available styles go to …Format‟, …Styles and Formatting‟. Select …Available styles‟. The styles and formatting pane should now be displayed on the right hand side of your screen.A list of which style should be used for which types of text is included in Appendix B. Author biographies should be tagged as …TEXT‟.You do not need to insert any additional space above or below extracts, or any other elements.Applying character stylesApply character styles after applying paragraph styles, highlighting the words to be tagged. Currently, there are 3 inbuilt character styles, “CPB”, “H3”, and “H4”.Endnotes/reference numbers: Within the text, please delete and retype endnote markers and style these as …superscript‟ (E.G., using the …Format‟, …Font‟ function). Endnotes should not be embedded.Funding statementIf there is no “Declaration of conflicting interests” or funding mentioned in the article, insert the following paragraph (for most SAGE journals; copyeditor to confirm with Production Editor):FundingThe author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.Order of front matter headings1.Article type2.Corresponding author infoCorresponding Author:Sarah D. Brown, Georgia State University, NCBDDD/CDC, 0000 Stanton Road MS E-23, Atlanta, GA,505003, USAEmail: sbrown@3.Article title4.AuthorsSocial SciencesSarah D. BrownGeorgia State University, Atlanta, GAScience, Technical, Medical (STM) titlesSarah D. Brown1. Paul Smith2. Vera Klein11Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA2University of California, California, CA5.AbstractAbstractThe goals of our study were to …..Keywordsautism, M-CHAT, PEDS, screeningOrder of end matter headings6.Acknowledgements(if present)7.Funding statement or Declaration of conflicting interests(mandatory)8.Notes (if present)9.References (or endnotes)Other style elementsPlease refer to the journal‟s style guide, and the SAGE Journal Guidelines, for further information on style elements within the articles.4. ChecklistDo’s✓Save as you go, backing up your work regularly.✓Insert bookmarks to help you move round the document without losing your place.✓Hide the mouse! Taking time to teach yourself how to move round the screen and use the more common formatting shortcuts (see Appendix C) will pay off handsomely in terms of time saved, extra productivity in all your screen work and reduced risk of RSI.If you need to use the mouse, use tools like “Format painter”✓Use the copy editor‟s best friend, CTRL + Z, to undo the last comm and (can be repeated indefinitely), or CTRL + Y to redo the last command.✓Type numbers with a tab (not a space) after them for lists.To insert a special character, go to /Insert/Symbols/, and select a character from the list or key it in, then copy and paste down the list. There is no need anymore to insert unicode characters✓Use Word‟s search facilities and useful options such as “Match Case”.✓Use global changes, but beware –ise spellings and other style variations should follow original author style in quotes and references.✓Contact the SAGE production editor if you have any queries.✓Make suggestions if you can see a better way of doing something✓Insert the figure and table after first text reference. Typesetters will then place them at the bottom of that page, or at the top of the next page.Don’tsDon‟t use entity codes (previously used to add en dashes, bullet points, non-breaking spaces, and figure spaces (before numbered notes when there are more than 9), etc.Don‟t add tabs to indent paragraphs. Eac h paragraph style determines how a paragraph should look. For instance, there is no need to insert a tab or spaces at the start ofparagraphs styled with the text indent paragraph style.Don‟t alter the appearance of a paragraph locally; for example, don‟t use Word‟s style toolbar or tab facilities to change spacing.Word‟s extended character styles should cover all foreign accents and therefore don‟t need unicode styles. However, if in doubt, please highlight the respective areas and attach a pdf in SMARTDon‟t use Word‟s facilities to number lists or add bullets.Avoid callouts (“CL”), unless necessaryAppendix A: General keyboard shortcuts Home Please note these shortcuts are for guidance only, and subject to change with each newAppendixB: SAGE T emplate style Names HomeShortcut keysBelow the list of styles. The list of shortcut keys has to be customized by the user.To install these on your machine, follow this procedure:1.Open “Styles and Formatting” panel (select >Format >Styles and Formatting)2.Right-click on style, >modify >Format >shortcut key, then in “Press newshortcut key” enter your preferred shortcut for this style, then >assign,making sure you assign this style not only in your opened article, but also onthe template on your c-drive3.Depending on how often you use a particular style, you repeat this to thestyles you useList of paragraph styles used by SageAppendix C: Word T echniques Home Here are some quick 'How to' procedures for performing some key tasks in WordAttaching a Word Template∙Click on the Tools menu.∙Select Templates and Add-Ins.∙Click on the Attach box.∙Select the new SAGE template and click Open∙Tick the Automatically Update Document Styles box just underneath the Attach box.∙Click on the Add box.∙Select the new SAGE template and click OK.Opening Toolbars∙Click on the View Menu.∙Click on Toolbars.∙Click on the Toolbar you want to open. The ticks show which toolbars are already open. Alternatively, move the mouse pointer over the grey toolbar area at the top of the screen and click the Rightmouse button. Click on the toolbar you want to open.Closing Toolbars∙Click on the View Menu.∙Click on Toolbars.∙Click on the Toolbar you want to close. The ticks show which toolbars are already open. Alternatively, move the mouse pointer over the grey toolbar area at the top of the screen and click the Right mouse button. Click on the toolbar you want to close.Moving ToolbarsYou should see two light grey lines at the end of the toolbar. Move the mouse pointer over these two lines and press and hold the left mouse button. You can now 'drag' the toolbar to a new position. You can also drag the tool bar in or out of the grey area at the top of screen.If you want to drag a toolbar back into the grey toolbar area at the top of the screen, move the mouse pointer over blue bar above the toolbar and click and hold the left mouse button. You can now 'drag' the toolbar back into the grey toolbar area.Customizing and creating ToolbarsIf you want to see the styles in the toolbar, as you did with the old coffeecup template, you can set these up individually, deciding which to include.∙Go to >Tools>Customize, and click on “New” (see image below)∙Name the toolbar accordingly, for example “Opening page styles”, or “Main body text styles”∙Click ok and close the window∙Go to >Tools>Customize>Commands, scroll down and select >Styles; then, using the cursor, highlight and drag and drop the styles you need, into the newly created toolbar∙Right-click the style, and in the drop-down list go to the field giving the name, and delete the word “Style” (otherwise your toolbars get to long)∙Remember: Only once you are in >Tools>Customize>Commands, you can customize your toolbarsSearch and Replace∙Press CTRL + h to call up the Search and Replace box.∙Type the word or words you want to search for in the Find What box.∙Type the word or words you want to replace in the Replace With box.∙Click Find Next to search.∙Click Replace to replace the word you found or click Replace All to do a Global Search and Replace.It is possible to search for anything in Word including paragraph markers, styles, comments and manual line breaks. You can select these from the Special menu. Word has its own codes for these. For instance tabs become ^t, a manual page break is ^m and a paragraph marker is ^p.If you want to search for italics or fonts click the Format button.Search and Replace TipMake sure you check the formatting below the Find What and Replace With boxes. Click the No Formatting button to clear all formatting before your search.。

Manuscript Submission Guidelines:Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, Part C1.Peer review policy2.Article types3.How to submit your manuscript4.Journal contributor’s publishing agreement4.1 SAGE Choice5.Declaration of conflicting interests policy6.Other conventions7.Acknowledgments7.1F unding acknowledgement8.Permissions9.Manuscript style9.1 File types9.2 Journal style9.3 Reference style9.4 Manuscript preparation9.4.1 Keywords and abstracts: Helping readers find your articleonline9.4.2 Corresponding author contact details9.4.3 Guidelines for submitting artwork, figures and other graphics9.4.4 Guidelines for submitting supplemental files9.4.5 English language editing services10.10.1 Proofs10.2 E-Prints and complimentary copies10.3 SAGE production10.4 OnlineFirst publication11. Further information1. Peer review policySubmissions to the journal are assessed by independent referees who make recommendations on the suitability of the articles for publication. We are committed to providing timely assessment of articles and authors are informed of the publication decision as soon as possible.It should be noted that our refereeing process is single-blind, that is, the referees remain anonymous and their identities are not released to authors. The referees, however, are informed of the authors’ names and affiliations.Back to top2. Article typesThe Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science publishes original papers that advance understanding of both the fundamentals of engineering science and its application to the solution of problems in mechanical engineering systems, machines and components. It is particularly concerned with the demonstration of engineering science solutions to specific industrial problems. The Journal has an international reputation for excellence and is regarded as core material for every engineering collection.Article TypesPaper: Describes a piece of complete or substantially complete research, orsome aspect of design development, manufacture, operation and maintenance, or engineering educationReview: A critical review of the state-of-the-art with examples of applications in design and profitable manufacture without extensive analysisCase Study: Describes the application of a technique, procedure or management concept in a real situationFast-track Communication: An article in this section should be of current interest or leading edge research deserving rapid publication. Brevity alone does not qualify an article for rapid publication.Technical Note: A short, interim statement on a research project or descriptionof some new developmentLength1.In general, Technical Papers, Review Papers and Case Studies should notnormally exceed 5000 words (with up to 10 illustrations). Longer articleswill be considered, however, as our criterion is that the content justifiesthe length of the article.2.Technical Notes should not exceed 1500 words and 5 illustrations.3.Fast-track Communications should be brief (up to 2000 words and 4illustrations). If a Fast-track Communication exceeds this, the author(s)will be asked to shorten the article.4.Discussions on papers already published should not exceed 500 words and2 illustrations.Back to top3. How to submit your manuscriptWe have a fully-integrated online submission and peer review system for Journal of Engineering Manufacture. To submit to the journal, either click on 'Submit' link on this page or go directly to /.We would welcome suggestions of at least four appropriate referees. This will assist us in enhancing our referee database and one or more of your suggestions may be asked to review your submission.Back to top4. Journal contributor’s publishing agreementBefore publication SAGE requires the author as the rights holder to sign a Journal Contributor’s Publishing Agreement. SAGE’s Journal Contributor’s Publishing Agreement is an exclusive licence agreement which means that the author retains copyright in the work but grants SAGE the sole and exclusive right and licence to publish for the full legal term of copyright. Exceptions may exist where an assignment of copyright is required or preferred by a proprietor other than SAGE. In this case copyright in the work will be assigned from the author to Professional Engineering Publishing Ltd (PEP). For more information please visit our Frequently Asked Questions on the SAGE Journal Author Gateway.4.1 SAGE ChoiceIf you wish your article to be freely available online immediately upon publication (as some funding bodies now require), you can opt for it to be included in SAGEChoice subject to payment of a publication fee. The manuscript submission andpeer reviewing procedure is unchanged. On acceptance of your article, you will be asked to let SAGE know directly if you are choosing SAGE Choice. For furtherinformation, please visit SAGE Choice.Back to top5. Declaration of conflicting interestsWithin your Journal Contributor’s Publishing Agreement you will be required tomake a certification with respect to a declaration of conflicting interests. It is thepolicy of Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science to require a declaration of conflicting interests from all authors enabling a statement to be carried within the paginated pages of all published articles.Please include any declaration at the end of your manuscript after any acknowledgements and prior to the references, under a heading ‘Declaration of Conflicting Interests’. If no declaration is made the following will be printed under this heading in your article: ‘None Declared’. Alternatively, you may wish to state that ‘The Author(s) declare(s) that there is no conflict of interest’.When making a declaration the disclosure information must be specific and include any financial relationship that all authors of the article has with any sponsoring organization and the for-profit interests the organization represents, and with any for-profit product discussed or implied in the text of the article.Any commercial or financial involvements that might represent an appearance of a conflict of interest need to be additionally disclosed in the covering letter accompanying your article to assist the Editor in evaluating whether sufficient disclosure has been made within the Declaration of Conflicting Interests provided in the article.For more information please visit the SAGE Journal Author Gateway.Back to top6. Other conventionsNon-applyAcknowledgements7.Any acknowledgements should appear first at the end of your article prior to your Declaration of Conflicting Interests (if applicable), any notes and your References.All contributors who do not meet the criteria for authorship should be listed in an `Acknowledgements’ section. Examples of those who might be acknowledged include a person who provided purely technical help, writing assistance, or a department chair who provided only general support. Authors should disclose whether they had any writing assistance and identify the entity that paid for this assistance.7.1 Funding AcknowledgementTo comply with the guidance for Research Funders, Authors and Publishers issued by the Research Information Network (RIN), Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science additionally requires all Authors to acknowledge their funding in a consistent fashion under a separate heading. All research articles should have a funding acknowledgement in the form of a sentence as follows, with the funding agency written out in full, followed by the grant number in square brackets:This work was supported by the Medical Research Council [grant number xxx].Multiple grant numbers should be separated by comma and space. Where the research was supported by more than one agency, the different agencies should be separated by semi-colon, with “and” before the final funder. Thus:This work was supported by the Wellcome Trust [grant numbers xxxx, yyyy]; the Natural Environment Research Council [grant number zzzz];and the Economic and Social Research Council [grant number aaaa].In some cases, research is not funded by a specific project grant, but rather from the block grant and other resources available to a university, college or other research institution. Where no specific funding has been provided for the research we ask that corresponding authors use the following sentence:This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.Please include this information under a separate heading entitled “Funding” directly after any other Acknowledgements prior to your “Declaration of Conflicting Interests” (if applicable), any Notes and your References.Important note: If you have any concerns that the provision of this information may compromise your anonymity dependent on the peer review policy of this journal outlined above, you can withhold this information until final accepted manuscript.For more information on the guidance for Research Funders, Authors and Publishers, please visit: /funders-acknowledgementBack to topPermissions8.Authors are responsible for obtaining permission from copyright holders for reproducing any illustrations, tables, figures or lengthy quotations previously published elsewhere. For further information including guidance on fair dealing for criticism and review, please visit our Frequently Asked Questions on the SAGE Journal Author Gateway.Back to topstyle9.Manuscript9.1 File typesOnly electronic files conforming to the journal's guidelines will be accepted. Preferred formats for the text and tables of your manuscript are Word DOC, RTF, XLS. LaTeX files are also accepted. Please also refer to additional guidelines on submitting artwork [and supplemental files] below.9.2 Journal StyleJournal of Mechanical Engineering Science conforms to the SAGE house style. Click here to review guidelines on SAGE UK House Style.9.3 Reference StyleJournal of Mechanical Engineering Science adheres to the SAGE Vancouver reference style. Click here to review the guidelines on SAGE Vancouver to ensure your manuscript conforms to this reference style.The Journal should be cited in the following way:Proc. IMechE, Part C: J. Mechanical Engineering ScienceIf you use EndNote to manage references, download the SAGE Vancouver outputfile by following this link and save to the appropriate folder (normally for WindowsC:\Program Files\EndNote\Styles and for Mac OS X Harddrive:Applications:EndNote:Styles). Once you’ve done this, open EndNote and choose “Select Another Style...” from the dropdown menu in the menu bar; locate and choose this new style from the following screen.9.4. Manuscript PreparationThe text should be double-spaced throughout and with a minimum of 3cm for leftand right hand margins and 5cm at head and foot. Text should be standard 10 or12 point.9.4.1 Your Title, Keywords and Abstracts: Helping readers find yourarticle onlineThe title, keywords and abstract are key to ensuring readers find your article online through online search engines such as Google. Please refer to the information and guidance on how best to title your article, write your abstract and select your keywords by visiting SAGE’s Journal Author Gateway Guidelines on How to Help Readers Find Your Article Online.9.4.2 Corresponding Author Contact detailsProvide full contact details for the corresponding author including email, mailing address and telephone numbers. Academic affiliations are required for all co-authors. These details should be presented separately to the main text of the article to facilitate anonymous peer review.9.4.3 Guidelines for submitting artwork, figures and other graphicsFor guidance on the preparation of illustrations, pictures and graphs in electronic format, please visit SAGE’s Manuscript Submission Guidelines.If, together with your accepted article, you submit usable colour figures, these figures will appear in colour online regardless of whether or not these illustrations are reproduced in colour in the printed version. If a charge applies you will be informed by your SAGE Production Editor. For specifically requested colour reproduction in print, you will receive information regarding the costs from SAGE after receipt of your accepted article.Mathematical: All vectors and matrices should be shown in bold type. Avoid confusion between ambiguous characters and take care to ensure that subscripts and superscripts are clear. Numbers below 10 should be written out in the text unless used in conjunction with units (e.g. three apples, 4 kg). Full points (not commas) should be used for decimals. For numbers less than one,a nought should be inserted before the decimal point. Use spaces (notcommas) within numbers (e.g. 10 000, 0.125 275). Equations should be numbered sequentially within each main section, e.g. (3.2) for the second equation in section 3, with labels on the right hand side of the page. This is easily done in LaTeX by inserting the following commands in the preamble\usepackage{amsmath}\renewcommand{\theequation}{\thesection.\arabic{equation}}\numberwithin{equation}{section}9.4.4 Guidelines for submitting supplemental filesThis journal is able to host approved supplemental materials online, alongside the full-text of articles. Supplemental files will be subjected to peer-reviewalongside the article. For more information please refer to SAGE’s Guidelines for Authors on Supplemental Files.9.4.5 English Language Editing servicesNon-English speaking authors who would like to refine their use of language in their manuscripts might consider using a professional editing service. Visit /authors/journal/submission.sp for further information.Back to top10. After acceptance10.1 ProofsWe will email a PDF of the proofs to the corresponding author.10.2 E-Prints and Complimentary CopiesSAGE provides authors with access to a PDF of their final article. For further information please visit /authors/journal/reprint.sp. We additionally provide the corresponding author with a complimentary copy ofthe print issue in which the article appears up to a maximum of 5 copies for onward supply by the corresponding author to co-authors.10.3 SAGE ProductionAt SAGE we work to the highest production standards. We attach great importance to our quality service levels in copy-editing, typesetting, printing, and online publication (/). We also seek to uphold excellent author relations throughout the publication process.We value your feedback to ensure we continue to improve our author service levels. On publication all corresponding authors will receive a brief survey questionnaire on your experience of publishing in Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science with SAGE.10.4 OnlineFirst PublicationJournal of Mechanical Engineering Science benefits from OnlineFirst, a feature offered through SAGE’s electronic journal platform, SAGE Journals Online. It allows final revision articles (completed articles in the queue for assignment to an upcoming issue) to be hosted online prior to their inclusion in a final print and online journal issue, which significantly reduces the lead time between submissionand publication. For more information please visit our OnlineFirst Fact SheetBack to top11. Further informationAny correspondence, queries or additional requests for information on the Manuscript Submission process should be sent to the Editorial Office as follows: Managing EditorSAGE Publications Ltd1 Oliver's Yard, 55 City RoadLondon, EC1Y 1SPUKEmail: jmechengsci@Back to top。

医学论文的温哥华格式Ξ陈纪国(广东医学编辑部,广东广州510180)摘　要:为了使广大医务工作者对论文的规范格式有一个清晰明确的认识,着重介绍目前论著类医学论文普遍使用的温哥华格式,即I MRaD 格式[引言(introduction )、方法(methods )、结果(results )和讨论(discussion )];并介绍了部分前置内容(文题、摘要和关键词)及附录(参考文献)的撰写方法。

关键词:医学;论文;格式中图分类号:R -05 文献标识码:B 文章编号:100721792(2002)0320293204为了让医学论文更好地发挥贮存和传播医学信息、促进学术交流,反映和指导临床实践、推动和促进生命科学发展的作用,自20世纪初,医学界产生了统一论文格式的要求。

1978年1月,美、英、加一些生物学、医学期刊的编辑,在加拿大联合起草并发表了《对生物医学期刊文稿的统一要求》(简称《要求》),即温哥华宣言(Vancouver declaration ),之后组成了国际医学期刊编辑委员会,并对《要求》作了多次修订,至1992年公布了第4版,简称为温哥华格式[1],其推荐的生物医学论文(论著类)的主体格式为I MRaD 格式,即引言(introduction )、方法(methods )、结果(results )和讨论(discussion )。

1　引言(introduction )111　内　容①论文研究的起源、目的、范围和途径,研究的起止日期、主要结果及其意义;②研究的背景情况,国内外研究现状及进展;③研究工作的设想、研究方法和实验设计、预期结果和实际意义。

可根据论文具体情况按以上某一点为主而叙述。

112　要　求①开门见山,中心突出,精练简短,一般为200～300字,约占全文的1/10;②不要写成综述或摘要,对论文不加评论和解释;③行文须严谨。

笔者日常审稿常见文稿中有“未见报道”、“首次报道”、“填补了国内空白”之类文字,如作者无确切资料作为引证,应避免采用。

芝加哥论文格式范例篇一：论文格式Chicago该格式由芝加哥大学出版社( University of Chicago Press) 制定, 可用于人文科学类和自然科学类论文, 其基本格式为: 正文中按引用先后顺序连续编排序号, 在该页底以脚注( Footnotes ) 或在文末以尾注( Endnotes ) 形式注明出处, 或在文末单列参考文献项, 以Bibliography 为标题。

芝加哥引注格式在美国比在英国的应用更多，标准是《芝加哥引注格式使用指南》（The Chicago Manual of Style），但是也有很多用户把凯特?杜拉宾（Kate Turabian）为学生编写的《学期、学位、学术论文写作指南》（A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses and Dissertations）作为参考。

所以，芝加哥引注格式也称为杜拉宾引注格式。

芝加哥引注格式主要用脚注形式引注，但是也可以用作者姓名的文中引注格式。

文中引注与姓名日期名字日期（哈佛）格式和APA格式一样，芝加哥格式可以在文本中做引注，在括号中写出作者或组织者的姓氏全程或缩写，加上年份，如果需要的话，还可以加上页码，比如: (Goman 1989, 59) ，或者 (Fairbairn and Fairbairn 2001) ，或者 (MHRA 2004).如果一个文献有一到三个作者，在引注中依次写出他们的姓氏。

如果有4个或者多于4个作者，写出第一个作者的名字然后写‘et al.’代替其他作者的名字，比如：(Brown et al. 2009). 文后参考文献在论文最后制作一个标题为“参考文献”的书单，把所有的文献条目按照字母表顺序排列。

这样，上面说到的三个文献例子，按照顺序可以排列为：? Fairbairn, Gavin and Susan Fairbairn. 2001. Reading at university: A guide for students. Maidenhead: Open University Press.文后参考文献的格式要求：?使用作者的全名。

外文文献的引用格式一、APA格式1. 文献列表作者姓，名字首字母.（出版年份）. 文献. 期刊名称，卷号（期号），页码范围。

例如：Smith, J. (2020). The impact of climate change on biodiversity. Journal of Environmental Science, 35(2), 123145.2. 引用在中引用文献时，需要在相应内容后加上作者姓氏和出版年份，用括号括起来。

例如：According to Smith (2020), climate change has asignificant impact on biodiversity.二、MLA格式1. 文献列表作者姓，名字首字母. “文献.” 期刊名称，卷号（期号），页码范围，出版年份。

例如：Smith, J. “The impact of climate change on biodiversity.” Journal of Environmental Science 35, no. 2 (2020): 123145.2. 引用在中引用文献时，需要在相应内容后加上作者姓氏和页码，用括号括起来。

例如：According to Smith (123), climate change has asignificant impact on biodiversity.三、Chicago格式Chicago格式是美国芝加哥大学推荐的引用格式，广泛应用于历史、艺术、哲学等领域。

Chicago格式有两种引用方式：脚注和尾注。

具体格式如下：1. 脚注/尾注作者姓，名字首字母. 文献. 期刊名称，卷号（期号），页码范围，出版年份.例如：Smith, J. “The impact of climate change on biodiversity.” Journal of Environmental Science 35, no. 2 (2020): 123145.2. 引用在中引用文献时，需要在相应内容后加上脚注或尾注编号，如：1。

latex引用参考文献格式引用参考文献是学术论文撰写中必不可少的一部分，而在使用Latex排版论文时，引用参考文献的格式变得尤为重要。

在本文中，我将深入探讨Latex引用参考文献格式的相关内容，从基础知识到高级应用，帮助你全面了解和掌握这一重要的学术技能。

1. 基础知识我们需要了解Latex中引用参考文献的基本格式。

在使用Latex进行论文排版时，通常会使用BibTex或者Biber等工具来管理和引用参考文献。

引用参考文献的格式主要包括作者、标题、期刊/书名、年份等信息，而在Latex中，我们可以使用\cite{}命令来引用文献。

使用命令\cite{author_year}可以在文中引用对应作者和年份的参考文献。

2. 高级应用除了基本的引用格式外，Latex还提供了丰富的高级应用来定制和管理引用参考文献的格式。

在使用Latex排版论文时，我们可以通过设置不同的引用风格、引用格式、文献库管理等方式来满足不同期刊的要求。

通过使用特定的宏包和参数设置，我们可以轻松地定制化论文的引用参考文献格式，从而符合特定期刊的要求。

3. 个人观点和理解在我看来，Latex引用参考文献格式的学习和掌握是非常重要的。

良好的引用格式可以提高论文的可读性和专业性，使读者更容易地查找和了解引用文献的信息；另学习和掌握Latex引用参考文献格式也可以提高我们对学术论文排版的技能和水平，为今后的学术研究和写作打下坚实的基础。

总结回顾通过本文的介绍，我们了解了Latex引用参考文献格式的基础知识和高级应用，以及个人观点和理解。

在学术论文写作中，良好的引用格式对于提高论文质量和学术水平起着至关重要的作用。

我希望本文可以帮助你更好地掌握Latex引用参考文献格式，为你的学术写作提供有力的支持和指导。

在论文写作中，好的引用格式不仅可以提高论文的可读性和专业性，更重要的是可以避免学术不端行为。

对于学术界来说，引用参考文献是极为重要的守则，而Latex引用参考文献格式的正确使用和定制化可以帮助我们更好地遵守学术道德规范，树立正确的学术态度。

三种常见与非常见参考文献引用格式介绍在大家了解引文格式的时候，可能最先发现的是三种常见格式，分别名为Harvard，APA，和MLA。

Harvard：Harvard格式，全名Harvard reference system（哈佛参考文献注释体系），是上世纪50年代源于美国的一种引用格式，最初广泛使用于物理学与自然科学论文，后推广用于社科类研究论文。

该体系是采用“作者-日期”的引用形式进行引用的。

不过，由于Harvard格式已经有15年未更新，所以在现在的论文写作中，大多人都选择使用Harvard的替代格式——APA。

APA:APA，全名American Psychological Association（美国心理协会刊物准则），是一个被广泛接受的研究论文撰写格式，目前已经更新至第七版。

APA格式特别针对社会科学领域的研究，规范学术文献的引用和参考文献的撰写方法，以及表格、图表、注脚和附录的编排方式，所以该格式可以说是极为全面和细致的对这些方面进行了详细的规范。

MLA：MLA，全名Modern Language Association，是由美国现代语言协会指定的论文引用格式，目前在美国的英文论文中很常用。

在具体规范上来说，MLA在行距、段落等格式上会相比APA等形式上来讲更加严谨些，引用格式上也是与APA等格式有着一定差别的，小总结：Harvard和APA格式相似度比较大，但目前只有APA在不断更新版本，而MLA与这两者差别偏大。

除了这三种常见引文格式以外，大家还需要了解下面三种非常见引用格式：Chicago：Chicago Style由芝加哥大学于1906年首次发行，截止到2010年已经发行了16版，它主要用于科学类学科文章中，也被书籍、杂志、新闻等媒体广泛使用。

Chicago格式有两种形式，一种是要用Footnote（脚注）进行引注，另一种则是用“作者+年份”的方式进行引注。

Vancouver：Vancouver格式，全名为Vancouver reference style（温哥华注释体系），它诞生于1978年的一个医学杂志编辑会上，主要也是应用于医学，以及物理科学方面的文章内。

sage vancouver格式-回复什么是sage vancouver格式？SAGE Vancouver格式是一种学术引用风格，用于在医学和生物学领域中引用文献。

它是根据《SAGE出版指南》中的规范而制定的。

SAGE Vancouver格式要求以数字的形式标记文献引用，并提供详细的参考文献列表。

第一步：文献引用格式在SAGE Vancouver格式中，每个引用都以数字的形式表示，并按照引用的先后顺序进行排序。

原则上，只需要在文章中使用数字引用，而不需要使用脚注或尾注。

1. 书籍引用书籍引用的格式如下：作者。

文章标题。

出版地：出版商名称；出版年份。

例如：1. Clark N, Lewis S. The Role of Genetics in Disease. New York: Elsevier; 2018.2. 期刊文章引用期刊文章引用的格式如下：作者。

文章标题。

期刊名. 出版年份;卷号（期号）:页码范围。

例如：1. Chen J, Wang L. The Role of Exercise in Preventing Diabetes. J Exerc Sci Fit. 2019;17(2):75-82.3. 报纸文章引用报纸文章引用的格式如下：作者。

文章标题。

报纸名. 出版年月日：页码。

例如：1. Smith C. New Developments in Cancer Treatment. The New York Times. 2019 May 15: A3.第二步：参考文献列表在文章的末尾，您需要提供一个按照引用先后顺序排列的参考文献列表。

每个引用都以数字的形式标记，并提供完整的引用信息。

参考文献列表的格式如下：1. 书籍引用作者。

文章标题。

出版地：出版商名称；出版年份。

例如：1. Clark N, Lewis S. The Role of Genetics in Disease. New York: Elsevier; 2018.2. 期刊文章引用作者。

latex 引用风格
LaTeX是一种非常流行的文档准备系统，可以用于制作各种类型的文档，如学术论文、报告、书籍等。

在写作这些文档时，经常需要引用其他文献或资料。

因此，选择适当的引用风格是非常重要的。

在 LaTeX 中，有许多不同的引用风格可供选择，如 IEEE、APA、MLA 等。

这些风格有不同的格式和要求，因此需要根据具体需求选择适当的风格。

例如，如果正在撰写学术论文，可能需要使用 IEEE 引用风格。

它要求在正文中使用数字标识引用，并在参考文献列表中按照引用顺序列出文献。

而 APA 引用风格则要求在正文中使用作者姓氏和出版年份标识引用，并在参考文献列表中按字母顺序列出文献。

在 LaTeX 中引用文献可以使用 BibTeX 工具，它可以帮助管理文献库并生成参考文献列表。

在使用 BibTeX 时，需要编写一个 .bib 文件，其中包含所需文献的详细信息。

然后在 LaTeX 文档中使用cite 命令引用所需文献即可。

总之，选择适当的引用风格是撰写高质量文档的关键之一。

在LaTeX 中使用 BibTeX 工具可以使引用文献变得更加方便和自动化。

- 1 -。

INTRODUCTIONWhen writing a research paper, it is important to cite any sources that you have consulted in your research. You must acknowledge when you are using the ideas, information or arguments of others, whether they are directly quoted or not. Failure to do so may be construed as plagiarism. Plagiarism is the presentation of the ideas of others as one’s own and is a serious offence.This guide provides a quick reference for Vancouver Style, which is a brief name for the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals and which works on the same principles as the National Library of Medicine Recommended Formats for Bibliographic Citation. Citation information must appear in two places.∆First, it must appear in the text of your paper at thepoint where the borrowed fact or idea appears. See the Parenthetical References section below.∆Secondly, you are required to include a complete list of sources at the end of the paper. See the Reference List section below.PARENTHETICAL REFERENCESWhen you use information from a source (an idea, a quotation, a table, etc.), refer readers to the source with an Arabic number in brackets. (Some instructors or journal editors may require a number in superscript instead.) This number corresponds to your reference list at the end of the paper — in Vancouver Style, this list matches the order in which you mention sources.If you cite the same source more than once, reuse the original number from the reference list. To cite more than one source at the same time, list their numbers in the reference list , separated by commas (1,2) or using a dash for several references listed consecutively (1–3).In general, you do not need to cite the author or title of the source in the text of your paper, but in certain situations you may decide it is important to mention them. Punctuation: If the citation is at the end of a sentence or clause, place it after a period or comma but before a colon or semicolon.GENERAL CITATIONSmaller pediatric blood collection tubes can be used to minimize blood loss. (1)SPECIFIC CITATION (A QUOTATION, CHART, OR OTHER SPECIFIC PART OF A SOURCE)When dealing with a patient who refuses blood, it is important to remember that “maintaining good rapport with the patient becomes the key to obtaining the best possible outcome.” (1, p176)CITATIONS TO MULTIPLE SOURCESSeveral studies (3–6) have contradicted this view.Non-verbal pain assessment has been touched on by a number of researchers. (11,13–16)INDIRECT CITATIONAn indirect citation is a reference to an idea that has been referenced by another writer. Indirect citations are generally discouraged in Vancouver Style. If, for example, source number 7 in your reference list cited research by Smith and you would also like to cite Smith’s research, you should find the original source by Smith and cite it directly. However,if you are unable to do so, you may use an indirect citation, giving the name and year of the original source:Smith (2006) found the opposite result. (cited by 7, p276)REFERENCE LISTThe Reference List appears on a separate page at the end of a research paper with the title, References, centred at the top of the page. It is a numbered list of all the sources cited in the paper, in the order in which they are first cited. No italics, underlining, or quotation marks are necessary to indicate the titles of sources.JOURNAL ARTICLESBasic Format (Print)Author Surname Initials. Title of article. Abbreviated Title of Journal. Date of Publication; Volume Number(Issue Number): Page Numbers.Basic Format (Online)Author Surname Initials. Title of article. Abbreviated Title of Journal [Internet]. Date of Publication [cited Date of Access]; Volume Number(Issue Number):Page Numbers. Available from Database Name (use simply “Available from” if not accessed through a database): URLNote: To find the abbreviated title of a journal, use the Pubmed Journal database on the National Center for Biotechnology Information website: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/journals In Print, Single authorLaudicina RJ. Searching for hereditary hemochromatosis. Clin Lab Sci. 2006 Summer; 19(3):174–183.In Print, Multiple authorsCariappa A, Chase C, Liu H, Russell P, Pillai S. Naive recirculating B cells mature simultaneously in the spleen and bone marrow. Blood. 2007 Mar 15; 109(6):2339–45.Note: When an article has more than three authors, you may give the first three or the first six authors’ names followed by et al.Cariappa A, Chase C, Liu H, et al. Naive recirculating B cells mature simultaneously in the spleen and bone marrow. Blood. 2007 Mar 15;109(6): 2339–45.Ghevaert C, Rankin A, Huiskes E, Porcelijn L, Javela K, Kekom aki R, et al. Alloantibodies against low-frequency human platelet antigens do not account for a significant proportion of cases of fetomaternal alloimmune thrombocytopenia: evidence from 1054 cases. Transfusion. 2009 Oct;49(10): 2084–9.In Print, Anonymous AuthorFamily planning. New Sci. 2010 Jan 30;205(2745):6.Accessed through a WebsiteLau WH, Leong WS, Ismail Z, Gam LH. Qualification and application of an ELI SA for the determination of Tamm Horsfall Protein (THP) in human urine and its use for screening of kidney stone disease. Int J Biol Sci [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2010 Feb 11];4(4): 215–222. Available from: /v04p0215.htmAccessed through a DatabaseHanson E, Agosti S, Kang L. Can a clinical LAP procedure be made reproducible and easy to perform? MLO Med Lab Obs [Internet]. 2009 Nov [cited 2010 Feb 12];41(11):44–46. Available from: Biomedical Reference Collection: Comprehensive: .innopac.lib. bcit.ca/ehost/search/advanced?sid=1a3df227-e707-4291-ad3b-9263dcb64cbc%40sessionmgr112&vid=0&hid=101Note: A long url can be shortened using a url redirection service such as bit.ly or .Smyth M, Moore J, Goldsmith C. Urinary tract infections: role of the clinical microbiology laboratory. Urol Nurs [Internet]. 2006 June [cited 2010 Feb 12];26(3):198–203. Available from: Biomedical Reference Collection: Comprehensive: http://bit.ly/agqOiONEWSPAPER ARTICLESecond-hand smoke linked to thicker arteries in children. Globe and Mail (British Columbia Ed.). 2010 Mar 3;Sect. L:4.Steenhuysen J. Gene-based test can identify tumour DNAin blood. Vancouver Sun [Internet]. 2010 Feb 19 [cited 2010 Mar 3]; Health. Available from: http://bit.ly/cUU9rgBlood from Vancouver games athletes will be kept until 2018. National Post [Internet]. 2010 Feb 26 [cited 2010 Mar 3]: Sect. OL:9. Available from Canadian Newsstand Major Dailies: http://bit.ly/9tUpFyBOOKSBasic Format (Print)Author/Editor Surname Initials. Title: subtitle. Edition (if not first). Place of publication: Publisher; Year. Length.Basic Format (Online)Author/Editor Surname Initials. Title: subtitle. Edition (if not first) [Internet]. Place of publication: Publisher; Year. [cited Date of Access]. Length. Available from Database Name (use simply “Available from” if not accessed through a database): URLIn Print, One Author/EditorAdley C. Food-borne pathogens: methods and protocols. Totowa: Humana Press; 2006. 267 p.Lorian V, editor. Antibiotics in laboratory medicine. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2005. 889 p.In Print, Multiple Authors/EditorsDi Lorenzo MS, Strasinger SK. Blood collection in healthcare. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis; 2002. 98 p.Young NS, Gerson SL, High KA, editors. Clinical hematology. Philadelphia: Mosby/Elsevier; 2006. 1420 p.Note: When a book has more than three authors, you may give the first th ree or the first six authors’ names followed by et al.Traldi P, Magno F, LavagniniI, et al. Quantitative applications of mass spectrometry. Chichester: Wiley; 2006. 138 p.Stamtoyannopoulos G, Majerus PW, Perimutter RM, et al., editors. The molecular basis of blood diseases. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 2001. 1028 p.In Print, Corporate Author/EditorAmerican Chemical Society, Task Force on Laboratory Waste Management. Laboratory waste management: a guidebook. Washington: American Chemical Society; 1994. 211 p.ELECTRONIC BOOKArmarego WLF, Chai CLL. Purification of laboratory chemicals. 6th ed [Internet]. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2009 [cited 2010 Feb 19]. 743 p. Available from Knovel: http://bit.ly/b6eNO7Chapter in an Edited CollectionMackenzie JS, Barrett ADT, Deubel V. The Japanese encephalitis serological group of flaviviruses: a brief introduction to the group. In: Mackenzie JS, Barrett ADI, Deubel V, editors. Japanese encephalitis and West Nile viruses. New York: Springer; 2002. p. 1–10.Jurado C. Hair analysis for cocaine. In: Kintz P, editor. Analytical and practical aspects of drug testing in hair [Internet]. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 2007 [cited 2010Feb 19]. p. 95–125. Available from: CRCnet BASE:/doi/abs/10.1201/ 9781420006193.ch4Signed Entry in an Encyclopedia or Other Reference Book Thivierge B, Frey RJ. Heavy metal poisoning. In: The Gale encyclopedia of medicine. 3rd ed. Vol. 3. Detroit: Thomson Gale; 2006. p. 1731–3.Mogridge J, Starnbach MN. Anthrax toxin. In: Wiley encyclopedia of molecular medicine [Internet]. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 2002 [cited 2010 Feb 19]. Available from: Knovel: http://bit.ly/cpVrEvUnsigned Entry in an Encyclopedia or Other Reference Book Merriam-Webster’s medical desk dictionary. Revised ed. Springfield: Merriam-Webster; 2005. Hemoglobin; p. 341.WEB SITES AND OTHER ONLINE REFERENCESWeb Site (Basic Format)Author Surname Initials (if available). Title of web site [Internet]. Place of Publication: Publisher; Date of First Publication [Date of Last Update; Date of Access]. Available from: URLNote: Websites vary considerably in the amount of publication information supplied. Be sure to look for information suchas author name in a variety of places – it may be given somewhere on the web page you wish to cite, on the webs site’s home page, or elsewhere within the site.If you cannot find the place of publication, publisher, or date of first publication, use: [Place unknown], [Publisher unknown], or [date unknown]. Other elements, such as author, can simply be omitted if they are not specified.Bellham S. Histology–World! [Internet] [Publisher unknown]: Histology–World; [date unknown] [cited 2010 Feb 20]. Available from: /Canadian Society for Medical Laboratory Science [Internet]. Hamilton: Canadian Society for Medical Laboratory Science; 2010 [cited 19 Feb 2010]. Available from:/Web Page, Article, or Other Part of a Web Site (Basic Format) Title of homepage [Internet]. Place of publication: Publisher; cDate of Publication of home page. Title of part; Date of Publication of Part [Date of Access]; [length of part]. Available from: URLStains file [Internet]. [Place unknown]: Bryan Llewellyn; [updated 2009 Nov]. Histotechnology; [updated 2005 May] [cited 2010 Feb 25]; [about one screen]. Available from: http:// /StainsFile/histek.htmA BLOGBasic FormatAuthor Surname Initials or Screen Name (If available). Titleof blog [blog on the Internet]. Place of Publication: Publisher. Dates of Publication of the Blog [cited Date of Access]. Available from: URLHaematology & blood transfusion science [blog on the Internet]. [Place unknown]: [Publisher unknown]: 2009Dec – [cited 2010 Feb 25]. Available from: http://blogs. /primate-diaries/An Individual Blog Post (Basic Format)Author Surname Initials or Screen Name (If available). Titleof blog [blog on the Internet]. Place of Publication: Publisher. Dates of Publication of the Blog. Title of post; Date of Post [cited Date of Access]; [length of post]. Available from: URL Johnson EM. The primate diaries: notes on science, politics and history from a primate in the human zoo [blog onthe Internet]. New York: ScienceBlogs. 2009 Jun – . Hairy crustaceous substances in the urine revealed; 2010 Feb 25 [cited 2010 Feb 25]; [about 2 screens]. Available from: http:// /primate-diaries/A Comment on a Blog (Basic Format)Commenter Surname Initials (or screen name). Comments on: Title of entry. Date of Publication of Comment [cited Date of Access]. In: Blog Author Surname Initials (or screen name). Title of blog [blog on the Internet]. Place of Publication: Publisher. Dates of Publication of the Blog. [length of contribution]. Available from: URLSaunders B. Comments on: Who will build food safety partnerships? 2009 Sep 30 [cited 2010 Feb 26]. In: Smith M. Public Health LabLog [blog on the Internet]. [Silver Spring (MD)]: Association of Public Health Laboratories. 2009May – . [about 1 screen]. Available from: http://www.aphlblog. org/2009/09/who-will-help-build-food-safety-partnerships/AN ONLINE IMAGEDelisle GJ, Tomalty L, Queens University. Encapsulated streptococcus pneumonia [image on the Internet]. [Date Unknown] [cited 2010 Mar 2]. Available from:/fox/Spneumo.jpgA GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTHealth Canada, Population and Public Health Branch, Centre for Emergency Preparedness and Response. Laboratory biosafety guidelines. 3rd ed [Internet]. Ottawa: Health Canada; 2004 [cited 2010 Mar 4]. Available from: http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ols-bsl/lbg-ldmbl/Note: If the author or publisher is a division of a larger body, give the names of the divisions in descending hierarchical order, separated by commas. If a nationality is not part ofthe organization’s name, indicate the country in parentheses after the name, using the two-letter ISO country code (e.g. National Academy of Sciences (US)). ISO country codescan be found here: /bookshelf/ br.fcgi?book=citmed&part=appdOTHER MATERIALVideo Recording (Basic Format)Author Surname Initial (If available). Title [medium]. Producer Surname Initial, producer. Place of Publication: Publisher; Date. Extent: Physical description.Inside the living cell [DVD]. Russell BJ, Russell ER, producers. [Loom is (CA)]: BioMedia Associates; 2004. 1 disc: 75 min., sound, colour, 4 ¾ in.STREAMING VIDEOSenter301. New student trying venipuncture (failed) [Internet]. [Place unknown]: [publisher unknown]; 2008 Aug 27 [cited 2010 Mar 2]. Streaming video: 0:22 min. Available from: /watch?v=ssCrH6Sh_DE EMAILSkibo, Raymond. Blood sample practice [Internet]. Message to: Lavonne Strang. 2010 Jan 23 [cited 2010 Mar 3].[1 paragraph].MAY 2017, BCIT IMAGINGBritish Columbia Institute of Technology 3700 Willingdon Avenue Burnaby, British Columbia canada v5g 3h2bcit.ca/libraryFOR FURTHER INFORMATIONFor the most up-to-date examples of Vancouver Stylecitations to almost any type of document, see Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers , available free online: /bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=citmedA growing number of websites offer examples andexplanations of Vancouver Style. For instance, try Vancouver Community College’s guide: http://library.vcc.ca/research/apa-mla-harvard-vancouver-asa/Or, the guide from The University of Western Australia: .au/friendly.php?s=vancouver To find examples of certain types of citations, you can also Google “Vancouver style” or “Vancouver citation” and keywords for the type of document you want to cite. Remember to choose websites that are reliable and recently updated, such as those produced by a university, university library, or university writing centre.。

《Sage Harvard 参考文献格式：深度评估与指南》在学术论文写作中，参考文献的准确引用和格式十分重要。

而在学术界，Sage Harvard 参考文献格式是一种常用的引用格式，它不仅能够准确地表达作者的观点，还能够让读者迅速找到相应的文献来源。

今天我们就来深入探讨一下Sage Harvard 参考文献格式。

1. 什么是Sage Harvard 参考文献格式？Sage Harvard 参考文献格式是一种常见的学术引用格式，它主要用于文学、社会科学和商业领域的学术论文和研究报告中。

它是由Sage出版公司制定并推广的一种引用格式，旨在统一文献引用的格式，方便读者查找和核对相关文献。

2. Sage Harvard 参考文献格式的特点Sage Harvard 参考文献格式与其他引用格式相比，具有以下几个显著特点：- 作者-日期引用：Sage Harvard 参考文献格式采用作者-日期引用的方式，即在引用文献时，除了列出作者的尊称外，还需标明发表年份。

- 信息完整：Sage Harvard 参考文献格式要求引用文献时，不仅需要包括作者尊称和发表年份，还需要包括文献题目、期刊名称、卷期号、页码等完整信息，以便读者能够准确找到相关文献。

- 适用范围广：Sage Harvard 参考文献格式适用于不同文献类型，包括书籍、期刊文章、学位论文、电子文献等，使其应用范围更为广泛。

3. 如何使用Sage Harvard 参考文献格式？在撰写学术论文或研究报告时，遵循Sage Harvard 参考文献格式的引用要求，主要包括以下几个方面：（1）作者尊称和发表年份的引用格式，如“（Smith, 2010）”；（2）在文中标明引文的具体页码，如“（Johnson, 2008, p. 25）”；（3）在文末列出参考文献的详细信息，包括作者尊称、出版年份、文献题目、期刊名称、页码等，排版格式要规范。

4. 个人观点和理解Sage Harvard 参考文献格式作为一种常见的引用格式，具有明确、简洁、全面的特点，能够在学术研究中起到规范引文、方便查找文献的作用。

.auPut in Your Heading Curtin University LibraryVancouver ReferencingLast updated June 2010This guide is primarily for students doing assignments at Curtin University. It is anintroduction to the Vancouver referencing style. For further information on this style of referencing, consult:∙ International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals. This is available online at: / ∙ Citing Medicine: the NLM style guide for authors, editors, and publishers /bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=citmed ∙ University of Queensland Vancouver Referencing Guide .au/training/citation/vancouv.pdf∙University of Western Australia Vancouver Referencing Guide .au/help/guides/vancouver_citation_styleFor a comprehensive guide and for those who are publishing, please refer to the American Medical Association’s publication manual: American Medical Association manual of style: a guide for authors and editors. 9th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1998What is Referencing?Referencing is a standardised method of acknowledging sources of information and ideas that you have used in your assignment in a way that uniquely identifies their source. Direct quotations, facts and figures, as well as ideas and theories, from both published and unpublished works, must be referenced.There are many acceptable forms of referencing. This information sheet provides a brief guide to the Vancouver referencing style. The Vancouver style of referencing is predominantly used in the medical field. When referencing your work in the Vancouver style, it is very important that you use the right punctuation and that the order of details in the reference is also correct. In this style, the journal titles used in the references are abbreviated from an authoritative list (see below). A reference list at the end of the assignment contains the full details of all the in-text citations.Steps involved in Referencing1. Note down the full bibliographic details including the page number(s) from which the information is taken.2. Insert the citation at the appropriate place within the text of the document (see examples below).3. Provide a reference list at the end of the document (see examples below).In-Text CitationsIn the Vancouver style, a consecutive number is allocated to each reference as it is cited for the first time in the text of the assignment. This number becomes the unique identifier of that source and if the source is citedagain the same number is repeated. Numbers are inserted to the right of commas and full stops, and to the left of colons and semi-colons. Multiple sources can be listed at a single reference point. The numbers are then separated by commas and consecutive numbers are joined with a hyphen. Vancouver uses superscriptnumbers, or standard numbers in brackets, in the text, e.g. 1-4,10,12 or (1-4,10,12).The references are listed at the end of your assignment in the numerical order in which they are cited in the text. Use double quotation marks to enclose a direct quotation. Use single quotation marks for quotationsIt is very important that you check your department's or school's assignment guide as some details,e.g. punctuation, may vary from the guidelines on this page and the above sources do differ on some points. You may be penalised for not conforming to your school's requirements.2 within quotations. If material quoted from texts or speeches is longer than 4 typewritten lines, the material should be set off in a block i.e. in reduced type and without the quotation marks. Space is often added both above and below these longer quotations.What is a Reference/Citation?A reference or citation consists of elements that allow the reader to trace the original book, article or website you have consulted and cited. Here are some examples in the Vancouver referencing style.BookJournal article from a databaseWebsiteHow to Create a Reference ListIn the Vancouver style, the reference list is arranged numerically in the order in which references are cited in the text. Book and journal titles are not italicised or placed in quotation marks. Journal titles are abbreviated. A list ofabbreviations for the titles is available online. Connect to PubMed at /entrez/query.fcgi , click on "Journals Database" and then enter the full journal title to view its abbreviation.If you are using EndNote, you will need to import the journals term list before adding references to your endnote library. This is so your journal titles will be abbreviated. EndNote includes 3 files of journal names and abbreviations appropriate for medical (Index Medicus format), chemical (CAS format) and humanities journals. The files are located in the Term Lists folder in the EndNote program folder.∙ In EndNote, go to Tools /Open Term Lists /Journals Term Lists∙Click on the Lists tab then go to Journals /Import List . Choose Medical.txt .To abbreviate the journal titles, complete the following:∙ In EndNote, go to Edit /Output Styles /Vancouver Curtin 2010 Updated /Journal Names∙ Select the Abbreviation 1 button.∙ Journal titles should now be abbreviated in the reference list.Perrie, Y, Rades, T. Pharmaceutics: drug delivery and targeting. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2010.AuthorBook titlePlace of publicationPublisherYearWilkinson D, Róman G, Salloway S, Hecker J, Boundy K, Kumar D, et al. The long-term efficacy and tolerability of donepezil in patients with vascular dementia. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2010 Mar 4]; 25(3):305. Available from: Wiley InterscienceAuthorsTitle of journal articleYearTitle of journal (abbreviated)Issue Volume numberDatabase you accessedarticle fromPage numberDate you accessed articleType of publicationDiabetes Australia. Understanding diabetes [Internet]. c2010 [updated 2010 Jan 1; cited 2010 Mar 4]. Available from: .au/en/Understanding-Diabetes/.AuthorDate you accessed webpageDate website was last updatedURL of webpageYearType of publicationTitlePlace of publication: If the book is published in a well-known city, there is no need to indicate country in which this city is located. Examples of well-known cities are London, New York, Paris, Tokyo, Toronto,Melbourne and Sydney. If the book is published in a city or town that is not well-known, add the country where the city or town is located. Place the country in brackets, as shown in these examples: Kyoto (Japan), Chicago (USA), Winnipeg (Canada), Broome (Australia), Liverpool (England).Examples of Referencing3 Last updated June 20104 Last updated June 20105 Last updated June 20106 Last updated June 20107 Last updated June 20108 Last updated June 20109 Last updated June 201010 Last updated June 201011 Last updated June 201012 Last updated June 2010It is very important that you check your department's or school's assignment guide as some details, e.g. punctuation, may vary from the guidelines on this page. You may be penalised for not conforming to your school's requirements.13 Last updated June 2010。

Latex Chicago参考文献格式是学术写作中常用的一种引用格式，它符合芝加哥大学出版社颁布的《芝加哥样式手册》中规定的引用规范。

这种格式要求作者在文章中使用脚注或者直接在文中引用的方式注明文献来源，并在文章末尾列出所有引用文献的详细信息。

在Latex中实现Chicago参考文献格式的引用，一般使用biblatex宏包和biber引擎，通过指定引用样式和文献数据库文件，可以方便地生成符合要求的参考文献列表。

下面我们将介绍如何在Latex中使用biblatex和biber实现Chicago参考文献格式的引用。

1. 引用样式的选择在使用biblatex宏包时，可以通过指定引用样式来实现不同的参考文献格式。

对于Chicago参考文献格式，可以选择biblatex-chicago宏包，并在文档开始时声明引用样式为Chicago。

在Latex文档的导言部分，添加如下代码：```latex\usepackage[notes,backend=biber]{biblatex-chicago}```这样就指定了使用biblatex-chicago宏包，并将引擎设置为biber。

采用notes选项可以生成符合Chicago样式要求的脚注引用格式。

2. 文献数据库的管理在使用biblatex宏包时，需要准备一个bib文件来管理引用的文献信息。

bib文件是一种特定格式的文本文件，每条文献信息包含在一个@entry类型的条目内，如@article、@book、@inproceedings等。

每个条目包含作者、标题、出版信息等字段，通过特定的关键字来引用。

在Latex文档的文末，可以通过如下命令加载bib文件：```latex\addbibresource{yourbibfile.bib}```这样就将名为yourbibfile.bib的bib文件加载到文档中。

在正文中，通过cite命令引用文献条目的关键字，如\cite{key}。

setcitestyle的用法
`setcitestyle`命令是LaTeX中的一个命令，用于设置文献引用的格式样式。

它的语法如下：
```latex
\setcitestyle{<style>}
```
其中，`<style>`取决于所使用的bst文件（文献引用样式文件）。

一些常用的`<style>`选项包括：
1. `numeric`：使用数字编号的文献引用样式。

2. `alpha`：使用作者姓氏和出版年份的文献引用样式。

3. `authoryear`：使用作者姓氏和出版年份的文献引用样式，但未给出详细信息时只显示作者姓氏和年份。

4. `apa`：按美国心理学协会（APA）样式引用文献。

可以根据具体的bst文件和需要选择适当的`<style>`选项。

此外，还可以使用其他选项来设置引用样式的其他细节，例如`round`表示圆括号包围引用，`square`表示方括号包围引用，`semicolon`表示引用之间使用分号分隔等等。

这些选项可以通过添加到`<style>`中以设置不同的引用样式。

latex 引用文献类型标识
在LaTeX中，引用文献的类型标识是非常重要的，因为它们决定了文献在文档中的显示方式。

以下是几种常见的文献类型标识：
1. Article：用于期刊、杂志等出版物中的文章。

2. Book：用于书籍。

3. InBook：用于书籍中的章节。

4. Conference：用于学术会议论文。

5. MasterThesis：用于硕士论文。

6. PhdThesis：用于博士论文。

7. TechReport：用于技术报告。

8. Unpublished：用于未发表的文献。

这些类型标识可以帮助您正确地引用文献，并且确保文献在文档中的显示方式符合学术规范。

例如，如果您想引用一篇期刊文章，您可以使用以下代码：
```latex
\cite{article_key}
```
其中"article_key"是您在文献列表中定义的文献标识符。

您可以在文献列表中使用\bibitem命令来定义每个文献的标识符和标题，例如：
```latex
\begin{thebibliography}{99}
\bibitem{article_key} Author, Article Title, Journal Title, Volume, Issue, Pages, Year.
\end{thebibliography}
```
请注意，文献类型标识和引用方式可能会根据您使用的LaTeX文档类和宏包而有所不同。

因此，最好查阅您正在使用的宏包的文档以了解正确的使用方法。

latex 引用风格Latex是一种非常流行的文本排版系统，可以使用它来编写各种文献和论文。

在编写论文时，引用是不可或缺的一部分。

引用是指在文中标注出自其他文献的一段话或者数据，以支持自己的观点。

Latex 有许多引用风格，本文将介绍一些常用的引用风格。

1. IEEE 引用风格IEEE 引用风格是一种常用的科技论文引用风格，它的特点是使用数字编号来标注文献，例如 [1]、[2] 等等。

这种引用风格在文献数量较多的情况下非常方便，但是对于文献的描述比较简略。

在使用IEEE 引用风格时，需要在 Latex 中使用 biblatex 宏包，并设置样式为 ieee。

2. APA 引用风格APA 引用风格是一种主要用于社会科学领域的引用风格，它的特点是在文中使用作者的名字和发表年份来标注文献，例如 (Smith, 2019)。

这种引用风格在文献数量较少的情况下非常方便，同时也可以更加详细地描述文献内容。

在使用 APA 引用风格时，需要在 Latex 中使用 biblatex 宏包，并设置样式为 apa。

3. Harvard 引用风格Harvard 引用风格是一种常用的文科论文引用风格，它的特点是在文中使用作者的名字和发表年份来标注文献，并在文末使用作者的名字和发表年份来列出文献清单，例如 (Smith, 2019)。

这种引用风格在文献数量较少的情况下非常方便，同时也可以更加详细地描述文献内容。

在使用 Harvard 引用风格时，需要在 Latex 中使用biblatex 宏包，并设置样式为 authoryear。

总结在使用 Latex 编写论文时，引用是一项必不可少的工作。

根据自己的需要和习惯，可以选择不同的引用风格。

本文介绍了 IEEE、APA 和 Harvard 三种常用的引用风格，希望能对大家有所帮助。

MLA格式被广泛应用于学术界和研究领域，它提供了一种统一的引用和文献资料格式，使读者能够轻松地找到和查阅所引用的来源。

MLA （现代语言协会）的引用格式旨在使学术论文更具可读性，使读者能够准确地追溯每个引文的来源，从而确保了学术诚信和学术界的权威性。

在MLA格式中，一篇完整的引用包括作者的尊称、文献的标题、出版信息等。

这种格式严格按照一定的顺序和标准，要求每个引用元素都以特定的方式排列和格式化。

引用书籍时，作者的姓和名的顺序、书名、出版地点、出版社和出版年份等元素的排列都有明确的规定。

这些规定使得读者在查阅文献资料时，能够迅速而准确地获取所需信息，也方便了作者在论文中引用其他文献时的准确引用。

对于学术界和研究领域的学者和作者来说，熟练掌握MLA格式是至关重要的。

正确使用MLA格式不仅可以彰显自己的学术水平和认真态度，还能够使研究成果更具可信度。

对于学生来说，学会使用MLA格式也是提升学术写作能力的重要一环。

通过学习MLA格式，学生可以培养严谨的学术态度和正确引用他人观点的能力，同时也能够降低因抄袭而受到的惩罚。

在我看来，MLA格式的引用规范是非常有必要的。

它不仅使学术交流变得更加准确和便捷，还能够提升学术研究的严谨性和权威性。

另外，它也是对学者和作者准确引用他人观点的一种保障，有助于维护学术界的公平和公正。

MLA格式的引用规范在学术界扮演着重要的角色，它不仅有助于提升学术论文的质量和可信度，也促进了学术界的繁荣和发展。

希望更多的人能够重视并熟练掌握MLA格式，使学术交流变得更加严谨和高效。

MLA格式作为学术界和研究领域中引用和文献资料格式的标准，其重要性不言而喻。

它不仅在学术交流中起到严谨和正确引用的作用，还提升了学术研究的质量和可信度。

在现今信息爆炸的时代，正确引用和准确获取文献资料显得尤为重要，而MLA格式的规范化引用方法正是满足这一需求的有效工具。

在学术写作中，准确引用他人观点和数据是至关重要的。

courses. It requires the use of either footnotes or endnotes and a bibliography. Footnotes are found at the end of the page in which the citation occurs and endnotes are on a separate page titled “Notes” following the last page of the paper but before the “Bibliography” page.Refer to the latest edition of the Chicago Manual of Style 16th Edition located at the reference desk,Z253.U69 2010, or the Chicago Style section on the OWL at Purdue’s website(/owl/section/2/12/) for additional help with Chicago Style citations, including how to format electronic references and using parenthetical citations.BIBLIOGRAPHYAll citations include four common elements: (1) author’s name (or editor, organization, or translator) (2) title with subtitle and (3) name of publisher, publication or sponsor (for websites) (4) date of publication.For books: include the common elements, plus the publisher’s location, i.e. New York, and ifaccessed online, include the delivery format, i.e. Kindle or NetLibrary.For articles:include the common elements, plus the volume, issue number (if available) and pagenumbers of the article and if accessed electronically include either the URL or DOI.For internet sources: include the common elements, plus the URL for the website or webpage. Additionally, the accessed date must be included if the webpage does not have a creation or revision date available.Format for the bibliography is important and includes the following rules:1) Author names appear as listed in the publication, with the only the first author inverted (last namefirst, first name last);2) Article titles from magazines, newspapers, journals and webpages are in “quotes”;3) Journal titles, Book titles and website titles are in italics;4) Each element (author’s name, title, publication info.) is separated with a period and a space.Note about Electronic Journal ArticlesAccess dates are no longer required for citations, unless specifically requested by the instructor. To include the access dates in the citation use “Accessed” followed by the date and insert it before the DOI or URL. When creating the citation for an article that was accessed electronically through a database or other electronic means, a DOI or URL for the article must be included. The article’s DOI is preferred but if none is available, then use the URL copied from the browser’s address bar in its place.Creating the bibliography pageTitle the page “Bibliography” and center it at the top of the page. Each citation will start at the left margin, and will be formatted using a hanging indent (the second and succeeding lines are indented 5 spaces). List each source separately and arrange alphabetically by the author's last name (use the title if there is no author).Bibliography citation examplesBooksLevitt, Steven D. and Stephen J. Dubner. Freakonomics:A Rouge Economist Explores the Hidden Side of Everything. New York: William Morrow, 2005.E-Books from NetLibraryParker, Catherine. 301 Ways to Use Social Media to Boost your Marketing. New York: McGraw Hill, 2011.Netlibrary.Web SitesCenter for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV/AIDS Statistics and Surveillance. Accessed October 19, 2011. /hiv/topics/surveillance/index.htm.Mister Jalopy. “Effulgence of the North: Storefront Arctic Panorama in Los Angeles.” Dinosaurs and Robots.Last modified January 30, 2009. /2009/01/effulgence-of-north-storefront-arctic.html.Miller, David. “Tightening the Belt.” Seattle Times, January 5, 1992.Electronic Journal ArticlesRoberts, Kimberly C., and Sharon Danoff-Burg. "Mindfulness and Health Behaviors: Is Paying Attention Good for You?." Journal of American College Health 59, no. 3 (2010): 165-173. doi:10.1080/07448481.2010.484452.Wagner, Anne M. “Why Monet Gave up Figure Painting.” The Art Bulletin 76, no. 4 (1994): pp. 612-629./stable/3046059.ENDNOTES & FOOTNOTES with full bibliographyFor endnotes and footnotes place a number in superscript at the end of a quote or end of a sentence where information from another author is used then place a corresponding number with citation information on the “Notes” page (for endnotes) or at the bottom of the page (for footnotes). For each endnote or footnote, indent the first line, type the note number followed by a period and then insert the citation information (for examples, see below).Full Notes vs. Concise Notes. The first time that an item is used in the paper the citation should be complete, any additional reference to that same source should be in the concise format. For concise notes, use only the author’s last name, a short version of the title (no more than 4 words) and the page number for that the note.Ibid. Use Ibid. in a note that is using the same citation information as the preceding note. In the second note below (2.), Ibid. is used to indicate that it is the same source as the previous note, if the information came from a different page, include the new page number.Endnote/Footnote citation examplesF=First note (Full or long format) C=Concise formatBooksF: 1. Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner. Freakonomics: A Rouge Economist Explores the Hidden Side of Everything (New York: William Morrow, 2005), 63.2.Ibid., 333.C: 1. Levit and Dubner, Freakonomics, 63.2. Ibid., 333.Online BooksF: 3. Catherine Parker, 301 Ways to Use Social Media to Boost your Marketing (New York: McGraw Hill, 2011), Netlibrary, 98.C: 3. Parker, 301 Ways, 98.Web SitesF: 4. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV/AIDS Statistics and Surveillance, accessed October 19, 2011, /hiv/topics/surveillance/index.htm .C: 4. Center for Disease Control and Prevention, HIV/AIDS Statistics.Periodicals (Newspapers, Magazines)F: 5. David Miller, “Tightening the Belt,” Seattle Times, Jan. 5, 1992.C: 5. Miller, “Tightening the Belt.”Electronic Journal ArticlesF:6. Kimberly C. Roberts, and Sharon Danoff-Burg, "Mindfulness and Health Behaviors: Is Paying Attention Good for You?," Journal of American College Health 59, no. 3 (2010): 170, doi:10.1080/07448481.2010.484452.C: 6. Roberts and Danoff-Burg, "Mindfulness and Health Behaviors,” 170.。