4.11限时训练

海事局见习三管轮实习报告船上培训记录簿附页（EXTRA PAPERS FOR ON BOARD TRAINING RECORD BOOK）职能：轮机工程（FUNCTION）：训练内容顺序号：NO.4.4（NUMBER OF THE TASK）：NO.日期：（DATE）：污水柜、压载柜、污油舱、备用舱、淡水舱等的液面高度均可通过测量孔处直接测量尺测出。

粪便柜液面高度可直接读取该柜上测量尺读数。

对水质及杂质的检查可通过定期化验来完成。

按国际公约附则I中规定>400GT的非油船的污水排放标准为：（1）船舶正在航行；（2）未经稀释的排放污水含油浓度不得超过15PPM；（3）经主管机关认可的油水分离器正在运行。

10000GT及其以上的船舶及任何载有大量燃料油的船的油水分离器还应带有当排放物含油浓度超过15PPM时报警和自动停止排放的设施。

另外，MARPOL 73/78公约附则IV中规定了船舶生活污水的排放要求：（1）船舶距离最近陆地4n mile以外，使用批准的船舶生活污水处理设备，排放业已经消毒并已将其中固态物质粉碎了的生活污水；或在距最近陆地12n mile以外，排放未经消毒或其中固体物质未经粉碎的生活污水。

这两者都要求不得将污水舱中的污水顷刻排光，而应在船舶以不小于4kn的航速航行，以中等速率排放；（2）在距离最近陆地4n mile以内，排放时要求排放出的废液在其周围水中不应产生可见的漂浮固体，也不应使水质变色。

船上培训记录簿附页（EXTRA PAPERS FOR ON BOARD TRAINING RECORD BOOK）职能：轮机工程（FUNCTION）：训练内容顺序号：NO.4.5、4.6、4.7（NUMBER OF THE TASK）：NO.日期：（DATE）：4.5：各燃料油贮存舱中的液位高度均可通过测量孔处直接用测量尺测量出，也可通过液位遥测装置测出后直接读取，但要与实际测量值进行误差对照。

限时训练二第一节：完形填空“Where’s Jamie?” screamed my cousin LEE Ann. ”Oh my God, where’s Jamie?” I thought, as we were standing in the 1 . The question about my five-year-old son’s 2 sent shock waves through my body.The entire pool has a safety ledge (岩阶) around the inside of it and 3 slopes to a deep end of only four feet. It was very common for us to let the younger children splash (泼水) their afternoons away in Grandma’s pool while we stood beside them and got totally 4 .On that scary afternoon when Lee Ann shouted, it seems that Jamie 5 down into the deep part. We had taken our 6 off him for only a split second, and then he was gone.I quickly spotted and 7 out to pull him up.As I quickly pulled him up, he came out kicking and screaming that he wanted to 8 . My guilty wanted to grant him his wish, but my 9 instincts told me to stay in the pool with him. Both of us were shaking as I talked to him and told him that water can be 10 and we must respect it. I held him close as we gently walked around the pool. After a couple of 11 he said he wasn’t afraid any more.I was feeling 12 for myself for being such a bad father. “Good fathers don’t let their sons almost 13 .” Just then, Lee Ann walked by and said. “You are a terrific dad and I really 14 the way you handled that. He will never be afraid of the water again!”Lee Ann saved two lives that day, one my son’s life when she shouted “Where’s Jamie?” and the other my life, as a 15 !1. A. river B. bank C. pool D. house2. A. screaming B. diving C. escape D. disappearance3. A. gently B. suddenly C. extremely D. steeply4. A. hot B. wet C. nervous D. disgusted5.A. walked B. lay C. jumped D. slid6.A. eyes B. hands C. swimming-suit D. life jacket7.A. took B. shouted C. reached D. put8. A. get out B. stay inside C. learn diving D. go on splashing9. A. fatherly B. motherly C. survival D. human10. A. useful B. valuable C. scary D. harmful11. A. hours B. minutes C. days D. seconds12. A. proud B. disappointed C. disgraceful D. sorry13. A. drown B. play C. injure D. disappoint14. A. doubt B. admire C. follow D. dislike15. A. father B. friend C. failure D. man第二节语法填空A group of robbers dug their way into the basement of a bank in Paris and emptied almost 200 private safes(保险箱).They entered the Credit Lyonnais branch using building 16 (equip) to dig holes and destroy walls 17Saturday night. They tied up a security guard and spent 18next nine hours robbing the bank.One investigator described the robbery 19 a “professional job”. The robbers came in at about 22:00 on Saturday 20left at 07:00 on Sunday. They entered through the basements of the neighbouring building, digging through a series of tunnels and making a hole into a wall of 80 cm thick to get into the bank, 21was having building works at the time.When they left, the robbers set the place on fire to remove any trace of evidence,22(switch) on the anti-fire system and flooding the building. 23(fortune), the guard escaped unharmed.24is difficult to estimate(估计) the total value of what 25(steal) as only the bank’s clients(储户) know the content of their private safes.第三节阅读理解AAs summer comes near, many children are really happy to forget about school for a few months. However, studies have found that children typically forget between one and three months’ worth of school learning during the summer months. Spelling and math abilities suffer the most, while reading is not really influenced by the time off. The most probable reason for this is that most children read at least occasionally outside of the classroom, whether newspapers, magazines, books, or video game guides. However, their math and spelling skills only get exercised in the school setting.The original purpose of summer vacations was to let farm children have time off to help work in the fields in the high growing season, but this reason is no longer valid since fewer kids actually work on farms today. Some cities in the United States, such as Los Angeles, have moved to a year-round school calendar, which may help reduce the academic decline that occurs during the long summer vacation. Most cities still use the normal nine and a half-month calendars. To improve skills and to maintain a good level of preparation, experts recommend trips to museums, summer camps, and visits to libraries to keep kids mentally active and interested throughout the summer.There are other educational systems that provide vacations while still keeping students’skills sharp(敏锐的). For example, in Japan students attend class for seven weeks continuously, followed by two weeks of vacation. This continues throughout the year. In Italy, students attendclass six days per week, but finish at 1:30 PM each day, so that school does not dominate their life the way that it does in America.Educational specialists fear that the three-month summer vacation stops the continuity of learning. Just as students become accustomed to new concepts in reading, writing, or critical thinking skills, they “shut down” for an extended period. When they go back to school after the long summer vacation, they take up to two months to return to their previous level of understanding. And so the debate continues: whether to continue the present vacations or to seek changes.26. Spelling and math abilities suffer the most during the summer months because children ____.A. take the summer vacation too seriouslyB. do little work of math or spellingC. don’t like spelling and mathD. have to help work in the fields27. What can be learned from the passage?A. Students read in summer vacations.B. Nowadays no children work on farm in summer vacations.C. The United States has cancelled summer vacations.D. The nine and a half-month calendars help improve skills.28. What is one of the advantages of Japan and Italy’s educational systems?A. They provide students with shorter vacations every year.B. The students have more free time of their own to play.C. They offer vacations without affect ing students’ skills.D. The students attend classes for longer time every week.29. What does the underlined phrase “shut down” in the last paragraph probably mean?A. Stop learning.B. Get sick.C. Go on vacation.D. Concentrate on their studies.30. What is the best title for the passage?A. How to Spend Summer Vacations.B. No More Summer Vacations.C. Summer Vacations: Change or NotD. New Educational Systems NeededBAbout forty years ago, I was an instructor in the military academy at Woolwich, when young Scoresby was given his first examination. Everybody answered the questions well, intelligently, while he—why, dear me—he did not know anything, so to speak. It was painful to see him stand there and give answers that were miracles(奇迹) of stupidity.I took him aside and found he knew a little about Julius Ceasar’s history. So, I worked him like a slave on a few questions about Ceasar. If you will believe me, when examined again, hewas asked no questions but those I made him study. Such an accident does not happen more than once in a hundred years. Well, all through his studies, I stood by him, with the feeling a mother has for a disabled child. And he always saved himself by some miracle.Then, the Crimean War broke out. Nervously, I waited for the worst to happen. It did. He was appointed an officer. Who could have dreamed that they would place such a responsibility on such weak shoulders as his! I said to myself that I was responsible to the country for this. I must go with him and protect the nation against him as far as I could. So, I joined up with him.And there, oh dear, he never did anything but mistakes. But, everybody misunderstood his stupid mistakes as works of great intelligence. The battle grew hotter. The English soldiers were steadily withdrawing all over the field. An order came for him to fall back and support our right. Instead, he moved forward and went over the hill to the left. We were over the hill before this crazy movement could be discovered and stopped. And what did we find? A large and unsuspected Russian army waiting! But those surprised Russians thought that no single team by itself would come around there at such a time. It must be the whole British army. They turned tail, away they went over the hill and down into the field in wild disorder, and we after them. In no time, there was the greatest turn around you ever saw.Until now, nobody knew it but Scoresby and myself. He has filled his whole military life with mistakes, every one of which brought him another honorary title. They are proof that the best thing that can happen to a man is to be born lucky.31. How was Scoresby doing academically?A. His answers to the questions were miracles.B. He was good at military history.C. He received help because of his disability.D. He did rather poorly in his study.32. “I” join up with Scoresby in the Crimean War because “I” ________.A. wanted to see the worst happenB. had no confidence in himC. liked to fight against ScoresbyD. wanted to protect my student33. Why did the Russian army flee?A. Because Scoresby mistook his left hand for his right hand.B. Because Scoresby failed to recognize the direction.C. Because they thought the whole British army were coming.D. Because they wanted to go down into the field.34. What is t he secret of Scoresby’s military “success”?A. Good luck.B. Hard work.C. Help from others.D. Mistakes.35. The tone(语调) of the passage is _____________.A. RelaxingB. EncouragingC. Sarcastic(讽刺的)D. Humorous限时训练三第一节完形填空Is it difficult for you to get up in the morning? Do you sometimes oversleep？Are you often late for work or school? Yes? Then Hiroyuki Sugiyama of Japan has a(an) 1 bed for you. Hiroyuki's bed will get you up in the morning! Here is how it 2 .The bed 3 an alarm clock. First, the alarm clock rings. You have a few minutes to wake up. Next, a tape recorder in the bed plays 4 music or other pleasant sounds.The tape recorder in Hiroyuki's bed plays a recording of his girlfriend. She whispers in a sweet 5 , "Wake up, darling, please." A few minutes later, a second recording 6 . The sound recording can be loud music or 7 ___ sounds. Hiroyuki hears a recording of his boss shouts, "Wake up ____8____, or you'll be late!"If you don't get up after the second ____9___, you will be sorry! A mechanical "foot" is in the bed. The mechanical foot kicks you in the head. Then the bed waits a few more ___10___ What! You're still in bed! Slowly the 11 of the bed rises higher and higher. The foot of the bed goes lower and lower. __12__ the bed is vertical(垂直的). You slide off the bed and onto the floor. You are out of bed and 13Hiroyuki made his bed because he wanted to 14 a contest. He works for Honda Motor Company. Once every two years Honda has a contest for its 200,000 employees ---"All-Honda Idea Contest", The employees think of new ideas. If their ideas win, the employees win 15 . Hiroyuki Sugiyama won a lot of money for his bed.1. A. expensive B. special C. valuable D. comfortable2. A. works B. runs C. happens D. moves3. A. is separated from B. is made up of C. is attached to D. is made into4. A. loud B. classical C. pop D. soft5. A. sound B. voice C. noise D. way6. A. sends B. turns C. plays D. appears7. A. pleasant B. interesting C. unpleasant D. funny8. A. suddenly B. slowly C. fortunately D. immediately9. A. recording B. shout C. voice D. sound10. A. hours B. seconds C.minutes D. days11. A. end B. middle C. body D. top12. A. However B. Finally C. Therefore D. Otherwise13. A. angry B. work C. happy D. awake14. A. win B. achieve C. gain D. defeat15. A. praises B. contents C. prizes D. medals第二节语法填空The word “pub” is the short form for “ public house” in Great Britain. It16________ (suppose) to be the English men’s favourite meeting place,17_____ they can get together with friends over a pin of beer and talk about football, horse racing 18_____ business. Pubs are usually open from 11 a.m. to midnight.You may notice that the pub is the Englishmen’s meeting place. It is not quite respectable for 19__ woman to go into a pub alone. She must have a man to go with20_______ . Perhaps that’s partly the reason21 ______ pubs depress me---they are intended 22______ (main) to provide for their interests.Most Englishmen have 23_____ favourite local pubs, where they can escape 24 ______ the pressures of family life or work, and if they are lucky, they can tell their troubles to a pretty bar-girl. Indeed many men dream of retiring from their 9 to 5 jobs and 25_____ (buy) a little country pub, where they imagine they will be the host of a seven- night week party.第三节阅读理解AA friend asks me “Why don't Chinese go Dutch?” So I want to regard this question as the topic and write an article．As everyone knows，westerners will go Dutch while having a meal in the restaurant．But Chinese don't go Dutch．Chinese will pay the bill and check out generously．Westerners don't often entertain guests；but Chinese often invite friends to dinner．A lot of westerners feel puzzled to this question．Why does there exist such a difference? First of all，food systems between China and West are different．Chinese put into practice Gather Dining System；westerners put into practice Individual Dining System．Everybody can share the delicious food of all over the table when eating Chinese food．Please note it is sharing，but westerners just eat the food in one's own plate．If you eat beef and he eats chicken，it is impossible that you taste the flavor of his chicken．The result of the Individual Dining System is that you can only eat the food in your plate．So to eat Chinese food is happier than to eat Western-style food．And I want to ask you a question．Do you like the free thing? I think nobody doesn't like the free thing．Ok! Suppose I invite you to eat the delicious Chinese food，then I pay the bill．This is equivalent to that you have enjoyed a delicious Chinese food free．So you will be very glad．It will strengthen the relation between us in the happy atmosphere．Secondly，westerners eat for the health；Chinese eat for the friendship．Westerners advocate individualism and independence is strong．So westerners express that respect for each other's independence through the way go Dutch．Chinese like making friends and solidarity．Chinesevalue the interpersonal relationships and the friendship very much．Third，it is only simple “Have a meal!” for westerners to entertain guests．Unlike the purpose and the means that Chinese entertain guests，in Americans' idea，“Have a meal” definition is to add fuel to the body for keeping health and normal life activity．That is to say，there is not any additional value．In the Chinese idea，“Have a meal” not only is a kind of life enjoyment，but also is the means to promote friendship between the friends．After enjoying the sumptuous delicious food，you are glad，and I am glad too．The friendship between the friends has been strengthened in this kind of atmosphere．26．What does “go Dutch” mean?A．They will pay for the meal separately．B．Either part will pay for the meal．C．They will go to Dutch for a meal．D．They can enjoy a meal free of charge．27．The differences between Western and Chinese Dinning System lie in the following aspects EXCEPT ．A．individual and gathering B．the purpose for health and for the friendshipC．health maintenance and life enjoyment D．opposition and dependence 28．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A．Westerners will share the food in their plates with each other．B．Chinese would like the free meal so they never pay the bill．C．Westerners don't value the friendship so they never pay the meal for others．D．Chinese attitudes towards the meal seem more complicated than westerners'．29．The underlined word “means” in the fifth paragraph refers to．A．the definition of “Have a meal!” B．the way of strengthening the friendshipC．the meaning of a meal D．the dinner set used for a meal30．The passage mainly analyzes the cause of ．A．the different cultures between the West and ChinaB．the various styles of food between the West and ChinaC．the ways of paying the bill between westerners and ChineseD．all kinds of tastes of food from different countriesBA new generation addiction is quickly spreading all over the world. Weboholism, a twentieth century disease, affects people from different ages.They surf the net, use e-mail and speak in chat reoms. They spend many hours on the computer, and it becomes a compulsive habit. They cannot stop, and it affects their lives.Ten years ago, no one thought that using computers could become Compulsivebehavior that could affect the social and physical life of computer users. This obsessive behaviorhas affected teenagers and college students. They are likely to log on computers and spend long hours at different websites.They become hooked on computers and gradually their social and school life isaffected by this situation. They spend all free time surfing and don't concentrate on homework, so this addiction influences their grades, and success at schools. Because they can find everything on the websites, they hang out there. Moreover, this addiction to websites influences their soeial life.They spend more time in front of computers than with their friends. The relation with their friends changes. The virtual life becomes more important than their real life. They have a new language that they speak in the chat rooms and it causes cultural changes in society, Because of the change in their behavior, they begin to isolate themselves from the society and live with their virtual friends. They share their emotions and feelings with friends Who they have never met in their life.Although they feel confident on the computer, they are not confident with real life friends they have known all their fife. lt is a problem for the future. This addictive behavior is beginning to affect the whole world.31. The passage is aboutA. the cause of weboholismB. the advantage of weboholismC. the popularity of weboholismD. the influence of weboholism32. The underlined word"obsessive" in the second paragraph most probably meansA. attractiveB. addictiveC. professionalD. potential33. We can learn from the passage that .A. weboholism has the greatest effect on teenagersB. teeangers can hardly balance real and virtual lifeC. people are addicted to games on the lnternetD. virtual life is more vivid and attractive anyway34. Which of the following is NOT true of weboholism?A. It contributes to the development of the web.B. The chat room language may change social culture.C. The problem will have a negative influence on our future.D. People addicted to the web often become inactive in real life.35. The author's attitude towards weboholism is that of beingA. objectiveB. positiveC. opposedD. acceptable限时训练四第一节: 完形填空An English padre（神父）wanted to become a member of a certain club in Africa. In order to become a member, each person had to 1 at least one lion. The padre had never shot an animal for his life. So, armed with a rifle and led by a young African boy, the padre set out one evening for a pool in the jungle where he was told a lion came each evening to 2 . He waited patiently for a few 3 until shortly before midnight when he heard a rustling(沙沙声) noise. Sure enough a few feet away the head of the lion appeared above a bush that separated the padre and the pool. He aimed and fired. The head of the lion 4 fell behind the bush but a moment later5 . So the padre aimed and6 again. The head of the lion fell behind the bush and once more reappeared. The padre fired again: the same7 . He remained calm because he8 he had brought sixteen bullets with him. After his fourth try, his aim seemed to become more and more9: in fact, after his 10 try the African boy had to 11 him: “This is your last chance. If you12 this time, we are in trouble.” The padre then realized how 13 the situation was, so he took a deep breath, aimed very carefully and fired. They waited for a moment, and then slowly 14 up to twenty: the head of the lion did not reappear. The padre was certain that at last he had shot his lion. They 15 forward together to the spot behind the bush. And what do you think they found? Sixteen lions!1. A. shoot B. kill C. catch D. hurt2. A. eat B. walk C. drink D. hunt3. A. minutes B. seconds C. days D. hours4. A. fast B. immediately C. once D. directly5. A. turned B. reappeared C. returned D. moved6. A. killed B. jumped C. fired D. tied7. A. result B. situation C. answer D. problem8. A. acknowledged B. understood C. believed D. knew9. A. inaccurate B. unnecessary C. impossible D. indirect10 A. last B. fifteenth C. sixteenth D. many11. A. tell B. frighten C. warn D. remain12. A. fell B. shot C. fired D. missed13. A. difficult B. serious C. exciting D. mad14. A. counted B. waited C. added D. named15. A. drove B. rushed C. wandered D. climbed第二节语法填空Last year, I was driving home one night, just around the holidays. I was about to turn onto the highway _16__ I noticed a rather sad looking figure holding a sign. I honestly don't recall ___17__ the sign read, but I did know that it was getting very cold outside. This man was obviously homeless, and was completely exposed ___18___ the elements.I happened ___19___ (buy) a new blanket. It was in my car, still packed in plastic from the store. I thought for a moment, ___20___ (roll) down the window, and gestured to the man. He ran over to my vehicle. I told him that he looked cold, and he laughed. I explained that while I didn't carry any cash, I ___21___ happen to have a new blanket, and asked him if he could use it. He was thrilled. I told him that it was ___22___ , as long as he agreed to do something kind for someone else ____23____ return.I am pretty sure that __24 ___ made his day, and kept him warm through the evening. I know I felt the ___25___ (warm).第三节阅读理解ABefore astr onauts can go into space, they have to have the right suit. That’s why NASA（美国国家航天和航空局）scientists are developing a new kind of space suit——lighter and more flexible than before. These new space suits will have lots of mobility(灵活性) for the astronauts, but will not need much maintenance. NASA wants the suits to include new technology that can help astronauts be safe in outer space.Right now, the American space suit weighs about 275 pounds and is big and massive. But the suit is also easy to work in for long periods of time. The Russian space suit is less complicated, but is used only a few times and then gets thrown away.“Finding the right balance is always going to be a challenge,” said a long-time astronaut Jeff Williams. Williams has worn both types of suits. Space suits protect astronauts from both extreme heat and freezing temperatures. They carry life-packs with oxygen for the astronauts. They also shield astronauts from radiation, or particles that send out harmful rays.Scientists are using computers to design the new suits. This allows them to change the design again and again, and to even test the design out before actually making anything. “There’s a lot more capable tools and technology to get the job done——a lot more knowledge, as well,” said Joe Kosmo. Kosmo helped design, develop, and test suits during the Mercury, Gemini, Apollo, Skylab, and shuttle periods.These new space suits will be much lighter and use a new kind of complex material. They also will have a smaller life support backpack, thanks to tiny electronics. NASA hopes to have the first prototypes(原型) in development by 2010 and certify(证明) the suit by 2012. This willbe in time for the launch of the Orion spaceship in 2014.26. What characteristic does the new space suit have?A. The new space suit will need much maintenance.B. The new space suit will be heavier than before.C. The new space suit will have less mobility than before.D. The new suit will use new technology to help astronauts be safe in outer space.27. What’s the disad vantage of the Russian space suit?A. The Russian space suit is big and massive.B. The Russian space suit is much complicated.C. The Russian space suit is merely used a few times.D. The Russian space suit is easy to work in for long periods of time.28. The underlined word “shield” in the third paragraph might mean_______.A. harmB. protectC. helpD. warn29. Why can scientists test the design out before actually making the new space suits?A. Because designing the new space suit is not a complex task.B. Because computers are being used to help scientists design the new space suits.C. Because it needs little knowledge to design the new space suits.D. Because the scientists only change the old space suits a little and make them into thenew ones.30. How long will it take scientists to put the new space suits from prototypes into the firstpractical use?A. Two years.B. Three years.C. Four years.D. Six years.CNext Hot Language to Study: ChineseThe fourth-gra ders at Chicago’s McCormick Primary School are unaware of the difficulty in learning Chinese. For most, who speak Spanish at home, it’s becoming their third language. They’ve been learning and using Chinese words since kindergarten, and it’s now second nat ure to give a hearty “ni hao” when strangers enter the classroom.The classroom scene at McCormick is unusual, but it may soon be a common fixture(固定物) in American schools, where Chinese is rapidly becoming the hot new language. Government officials have long wanted more focus on security—useful languages like Chinese, and pressure from them—as well as from business leaders, politicians, and parents—has driven a quick growth in the number of programs.Chicago itself is home to the largest effort to include Chinese in US public schools. The program here has grown to include 3,000 students in 20 schools, with more schools on a waitinglist. Programs have also spread to places like Houston, Los Angeles, New York City, and North Carolina. It’s true that the numb er of students learning Chinese is tiny compared with how many study Spanish or French.Advocates (提倡者，拥护者) see knowledge of the Chinese language and culture as a help in a global economy where China is growing in importance. “This is an interesting way to begin to engage with the world’s next superpower,” says Michael Levine, director of education at the Asia Society, which has started five new public high schools that offer Chinese. “Globalization （全球化) has already changed the arrangements in terms of how children today are going to need to think about their careers… The question is, when not whether, the schools are going to adjust.”In Chicago, the trend extends beyond schools with high numbers of Asian students. “The fact that my students are 98% low income and 99% Latino(拉丁美洲人) and they are succeeding in this, tells me everyone should have a try at learning languages,” says Virginia Rivera, principal at McCormick.“We want to give our young people opportunities to advance… and Chinese is a great opportuni ty to survive in today’s economy,” says Richard M. Daley, Mayor of Chicago.31. The first paragraph is mainly written to _______.A. show the importance of Chinese learningB. introduce the topic to be followedC. advise primary schools to teach ChineseD. prove it’s easy for children to learn language32. How many languages are mentioned in this passage?A. Six.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.33. In the last paragraph, the underlined word “this ”probably refers to _____.A. the competition between Latino and Asian studentsB. the global economyC. the interesting way to engage with ChinaD. the Chinese learning34. What CANNOT be learned from this passage?A. Most students at McCormick can speak three languages.B. Chinese is gaining its popularity in all schools in Chicago.C. French has far more speakers than Chinese does in Chicago.D. Globalization in a way makes it necessary to learn Chinese.35. Which of the following is mainly about in this passage?A. The Chinese learning in Chicago.B. The ways to learn Chinese.C. McCormick Primary School.D. Globalization and Chinese learning.。

2014届高三专项定时训练17一、（15分，每小题3分）1．下列词语中，字形与加点字的读音全都正确的一组是A．龟．裂（jūn）作．坊（zuō）喀．（kē）斯特事必恭亲B．请帖．（tiě）讣．（fù）告电饼铛．（chēng）句式杂糅C．脚踝．（huái）提挈．（xié）天罡．星(gāng) 题要钩玄D．标识．（shí）重创．(chuāng) 独角．戏(jiǎo) 掎角之势2．下列各句中，标点符号使用正确的一句是A. 28年前，英国和阿根廷倾全国之力，为争夺马尔维纳斯群岛主权归属大打出手（英国称福克兰群岛），制造了一场被称为“导弹时代首次战争”的马岛战争。

B. 如何协调解决地区冲突、使非盟在地区事务中扮演更加积极、主动和有效的角色，成为会议的重要内容。

C. 我国将从各省、自治区、直辖市分别选择1-2个城市(城区)作为公立医院改革试点城市，按照先行试点、逐步推开的原则推进公立医院改革。

D．连日来，有关这8位中国维和警察的消息，一直牵动着中国人民的心，也让人们开始关心和了解这个特殊而神秘的群体：中国维和警察。

3．依次填入下列各句横线的词语，最恰当的一项是①近日，济宁联通公司在全市范围内开展的“吉祥号码”预存话费销售活动在消费者中引起一片：预存话费是不是变相收取选号费?预存话费是否剥夺了普通消费者的择号权?②在洛杉矶的一些中国藏族民众均认为，美国人对中国西藏及当地的藏族人存在着误解与。

他们希望通过自己的努力来逐渐改变美国人对藏人的看法。

③李老师退休以后，每天遛遛鸟，打打拳，写写字，就携二三老友，轻装简从，步山林，探溪源，尽享林泉之乐。

A．质疑成见否则B．置疑成见不然C．置疑偏见否则D．质疑偏见不然4．下列各句中，加点的成语使用恰当的一句是A．在温哥华冬奥会花样滑冰双人滑比赛中，中国选手申雪赵宏博不孚众望．．．．，以216.57分的总成绩夺得冠军。

B．面对三聚氰胺奶粉重现市场这样的事件，政府各职能部门应闻风而动，上下其手．．．．，彻底追查，促进食品市场环境安全有序。

高一下学期英语限时训练三（实验班）20150401完形填空(共20小题；每小题l.5分, 满分30分)It was pouring outside. We all stood there 36 , some patiently；others annoyed 37 nature messed up their hurried day. I got lost in the sound and sight of the heavens 38 away the dirt and dust of the world.“Mom, let’s run through the rain,” a girl’s voice39 me.“No, honey. We’ll wait until it40 down a bit,” Mom replied.The young girl waited about another minute and 41 : “Mom, let’s run through the rain.”“We’ll get wet if we do,” Mom said.“No, we won’t, Mom. That’s not what you said this morning,” the young girl said as she42 her Mom’s arm.“This morning? 43 did I say we could run through the rain and not get wet?”“Don’t you remember? When you were talking to Daddy about his cancer, you said, ‘If God can get us through this, he can get us through 44 .’”The entire crowd turned 45 . Mom paused and thought for a moment about 46 she would say. Now some would laugh it off and scold her for being silly. 47 then, we heard, “Honey, you are 48 . Let’s run through the rain. If we get wet, maybe we just need washing,” Mom said. Then 49 they ran.We all stood 50 , smiling and laughing as they ran past the cars. Yes, they got wet. But they were 51 by a few who screamed and laughed like children all the 52 to their cars. Circumstances or people can take away your material possessions, and they can even take away your 53 . But no one can take away your precious 54 . So, don’t forget to make time and take the 55 to make memories every day! I hope you still take the time to run through the rain.36. A. talking B. waiting C. complaining D. expecting37. A. as if B. even if C. because D. that38. A. taking B. putting C. driving D. washing39. A. caught B. broke C. impressed D. called40. A. keeps B. comes C. pushes D. slows41. A. asked B. repeated C. required D. added42. A. pulled B. touched C. waved D. felt43. A. Why B. How C. When D. Where44. A. rain B. disease C. anything D. something45. A. still B. angry C. serious D. silent46. A. what B. how C. whether D. if47. A. However B. But C. After D. Though48. A. stupid B. wrong C. right D. clever49. A. off B. along C. on D. over50. A. sighing B. joking C. discussing D. watching51. A. followed B. guided C. respected D. praised52. A. time B. way C. same D. best53. A. house B. money C. health D. time54. A. children B. experience C. courage D. memories55. A. possibilities B. opportunities C. risk D. challenge阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分)AButterflies are some of the most fascinating and beautiful insects in the world. Adult butterflies will live about 2 to 4 weeks. They use their senses of sight, touch, hearing, smell, and taste to survive in the world, find food and mates, lay eggs in an appropriate place, migrate, and avoid hungry enemies.Butterflies have large compound eyes(复眼), which allow them to see in all directions without turning their heads. Like most insects, butterflies are very nearsighted, so they are more attracted to a sea of flowers than individual plants. Butterflies do not “see” colors such as red, green, and yellow, but they can sense sunlight, which indicates the direction the sun is shining, as well as ultraviolet light（紫外线）, which is present on many flowers and guides butterflies to honey sources.Butterflies have a very well-developed sense of smell, but it is not in their nose, since they don't have one. Sense receptors are located in their antennae（触角）, feet, and many other parts of the body. They can help butterflies find their favorite flower honey food, and mates.Butterflies' feet have sense organs that can taste the sugar in flower honey, letting the butterflies know if something is good to eat or not. Some females also carefully choose host plants by tasting to find appropriate places to lay their eggs. Adult butterflies feed their babies using a long tube. Butterflies force blood into the tube to straighten it out, allowing them to feed. Butterflies get all their food from this tube.Butterflies don't have ears. Instead they “hear” sounds through their wings by sensing changes in sound vibrations（振动）.Butterflies may possess senses we don't even know about yet, because their body structure is very different from ours, and therefore difficult to understand, when observed through our own human senses.56. What can we learn from the 2nd paragraph?A. Butterflies have good eyesight.B. Butterflies can see in all directions and don't need to turn heads.C. Butterflies are sensitive to bright colors including red and yellow.D. Butterflies cannot sense the ultraviolet light.57. How do butterflies hear sounds?A. Using their feet to sense the vibration of thingsB. Using their ears to listen directlyC. Using their wings to sense the sound vibrationsD. Using their antennae to judge the sound58. Why do female adult butterflies carefully choose the host plants?A. To find high-qualified honey.B. To have a good place for living.C. To make it easier for them to hide from the enemies.D. To find a proper place for their eggs.59. What does the last paragraph imply?A. There’s a long way to understand butterflies wellB. Butterflies give great help to human beingsC. Butterflies are the most beautiful insects in the worldD. Butterflies possess more senses than humans60. The text mainly focuses on ________.A. butterflies' living habitsB. butterflies' beautyC. butterflies' daily activitiesD. butterflies' sensesBWhen I was ten my dad helped me buy my first ten-speed bicycle from Allen. I put up $60 of my grass cutting and snow shoveling (铲) money and my dad put up the other half I would pay him back over the next six months. Although it was not in the latest style, it was my ticket to the adult world.I spent that summer and autumn riding happily. My sister Liz, a prisoner of her five-speed bicycle, never had a chance to keep up. Just before the Christmas deadline to pay my dad back, we were hit with several snowstorms. This allowed me to shovel enough driveways (车道) to pay off my debt. I was now officially a bike owner; it was a feeling unlike any other.On that Christmas morning, my dad gave me a used portable (便携式的) record player. I was excited. However, my joy was short-lived after my dad called my sister to the kitchen. “We have one more gift for you.” he said as he opened the door that l ed to the garage. There, on the steps, stood a new ten-speed bicycle.“It’s not fair,” I complained. “I worked so hard for my bike and it’s not even new. Then Liz gets a new bike. She didn’t have to do anything for it. ” My dad smiled. “She didn’t have to do anything for it because it’s not really for her,” he said. What did that mean? I didn’t want her bike.By spring Liz and I were riding all over town together now that she could keep up. As we grew, Liz and I became true friends.Still I wasn’t s mart enough to figure out what my dad meant until years later. That new bike was not a gift for Liz —it was a gift for me. He’d given me the gift of my sister’s company, the ability to stay together rather than drift apart (逐渐疏远) in the face of my ability to travel. He gave me my best friend.61. What do we know about the author’s bike?A. It was worth $120.B. Allen bought it for him.C. It was very fashionable.D. He didn’t like it actually.62. Why did the author think he was officially a bike owner?A. He had paid off his debt.B. He had learned to ride a bike.C. He could also own Liz’s bike.D. He could sell his bike to Liz.63. Why was the author’s Christmas joy short-lived?A. His sister got a new record player.B. His father didn’t care about him.C. The record player wasn’t new.D. His sister got a better gift.64. Hearing his father say “it’s not really for her (Paragraph 4)”, the author probably felt ________.A. movedB. satisfiedC. puzzledD. disappointed65. The author finally realized that ________.A. the new bike actually belonged to himB. the new bike wasn’t bought by his fatherC. his father actually gave him a more valuable giftD. his father loved his sister more as a matter of factCIt was Saturday. As always, it was a busy one, for "Six days shall you labor and do all your work" was taken seriously back then. Outside, Father and Mr. Patrick next door were busy chopping firewood. Inside their own houses, Mother and Mrs. Patrick were engaged in spring cleaning. Somehow the boys had slipped away to the back lot with their kites. Now, even at the risk of having Brother caught to beat carpets, they had sent him to the kitchen for more string(线). It seemed there was no limit to the heights to which kites would fly today.My mother looked at the sitting room, its furniture disordered for a thorough sweeping. Again she cast a look toward the window. "Come on, girls! Let's take string to the boys and watch them fly the kites a minute."On the way we met Mrs. Patrick, laughing guiltily as if she were doing something wrong, together with her girls.There never was such a day for flying kites! We played all our fresh string into the boys' kites and they went up higher and higher. We could hardly distinguish the orange-colored spots of the kites. Now and then we slowly pulled one kite back, watching it dancing up and down in the wind, and finally bringing it down to earth, just for the joy of sending it up again.Even our fathers dropped their tools and joined us. Our mothers took their turn, laughing like schoolgirls.I think we were all beside ourselves. Parents forgot their duty and their dignity; children forgot their everyday fights and little jealousies. "Perhaps it's like this in the kingdom of heaven," I thought confusedly.It was growing dark before we all walked sleepily back to the house. I suppose we had some sort of supper. I suppose there must have been surface tidying-up, for the house on Sunday looked clean and orderly enough. The strange thing was, we didn't mention that day afterward. I felt a little embarrassed. Surely none of the others had been as excited as I. I locked the memory up in that deepest part of me where we keep "the things that cannot be and yet they are."The years went on, then one day I was hurrying about my kitchen in a city apartment, trying to get some work out of the way while my three-year-old insistently cried her desire to "go park, see duck.""I can't go!" I said. "I have this and this to do, and when I'm through I'll be too tired to walk that far."My mother, who was visiting us, looked up from the peas she was shelling（去皮）. "It's a wonderful day," she offered, "really warm, yet there's a fine breeze. Do you remember that day we flew kites?"I stopped in my dash between stove and sink. The locked door flew open and with it a rush of memories. "Come on," I told my little girl. "You're right, it's too good a day to miss."Another decade passed. We were in the aftermath (余波) of a great war. All evening we had been asking our returned soldier, the youngest Patrick Boy, about his experiences as a prisoner of war. He had talked freely, but now for a long time he had been silent. What was he thinking of — what dark and horrible things?"Say!" A smile sipped out from his lips. "Do you remember — no, of course you wouldn't. It probably didn't make the impression on you as it did on me."I hardly dared speak. "Remember what?""I used to think of that day a lot in POW camp (战俘营), when things weren't too good. Do you remember the day we flew the kites?"66. Mrs. Patrick was laughing guiltily because she thought_________.A. she was too old to fly kitesB. she should have been doing her housework thenC. her husband would make fun of herD. her girls weren’t supposed to play the boy’s game67. By "we were all beside ourselves," the writer means that they all _________.A. felt confusedB. looked onC. went wild with joyD. forgot their fights68. What did the writer think after the kite-flying?A. The boys must have had more fun than the girls.B. All the others must have forgotten that day.C. Her parents should spend more time with them.D. They should have finished their work before playing.69. Why did the writer finally agree to take her little girl for an outing?A. She suddenly remembered her duty as a mother.B. She thought it was a great day to play outside.C. She had finished her work in the kitchen.D. She was reminded of the day they flew kites.70. The youngest Patrick boy is mentioned to show that _________.A. the writer was not alone in treasuring her fond memoriesB. his experience in POW camp threw a shadow over his lifeC. childhood friendship means so much to the writerD. people like him really changed a lot after the war 语法填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）Some students get so nervous before a test, and they do poorly even if they know the material. Sian Beilock has studied these highly anxious test-takers.Sian Beilock：“They start worrying about the consequences. They might even start worrying about76 this exam is going to prevent 77 from getting into the college they want. And when we worry, it 78 (actual) uses up attention and memory resources. I talk about it as your cognitive horsepower that you could otherwise be using to focus on the e xam. ”Professor Beilock and another researcher, Gerardo Ramirez, have developed 79 possible solution. Just before an exam, highly anxious test-takers spend ten minutes 80 (write) about their worries about the test.Sian Beilock：“81 we think happens is when students put it down on paper, they think about the worst that could happen and they reassess the situation. They might realize it's not as hard as they might think it was before and, in fact, it 82 (prevent) these thoug hts from popping up when they’re actually taking a test. ”The 83 (research) tested the idea on a group of twenty anxious college students. They gave them two short math tests. 84 the first one, they asked the students to either sit quietly 85 write about their feelings about the upcoming second test.。

限时训练参考答案限时训练参考答案在现代社会中，时间成为了一种宝贵的资源。

我们总是不断地追求高效率和快速完成任务的能力。

为了应对这种需求，限时训练应运而生。

限时训练是一种通过在规定的时间内完成任务来提高工作效率和学习能力的方法。

在这篇文章中，我们将探讨限时训练的意义和一些参考答案。

限时训练的意义在于它可以帮助我们培养时间管理和压力应对能力。

在限时训练中，我们必须在规定的时间内完成任务，这迫使我们学会合理安排时间和高效利用时间。

这种训练不仅可以提高我们的工作效率，还可以培养我们的冷静和应对压力的能力。

当我们在紧迫的时间限制下工作时，我们需要保持冷静并集中注意力，这对我们的工作和学习都非常重要。

在进行限时训练时，我们需要有一些参考答案来帮助我们评估自己的表现。

这些参考答案可以是标准答案、模板或者是其他人的答案。

通过参考答案，我们可以了解到自己在时间管理、任务完成和问题解决等方面的表现如何。

同时，参考答案也可以帮助我们发现自己的不足之处，并进行针对性的改进。

然而，我们需要明确的是，参考答案只是一种参考，我们并不需要完全照搬，而是应该根据自己的实际情况进行调整和改进。

在限时训练中，我们可以运用参考答案的方法和思路，但是我们需要注意避免机械地套用答案。

每个人都有自己的思维方式和解决问题的方法，因此我们需要根据自己的特点和优势来进行答题。

参考答案只是给我们提供一种思路和方法的参考，而不是唯一的正确答案。

我们需要根据自己的理解和思考来进行创新和发展。

限时训练不仅可以应用于学习和工作，也可以应用于日常生活中的各个方面。

比如，我们可以设定一个时间限制来完成家务，这样不仅可以提高效率，还可以让我们有更多的时间去做其他喜欢的事情。

又比如，我们可以设定一个时间限制来锻炼身体，这样不仅可以提高身体素质，还可以节约时间。

限时训练可以应用于各个领域，它可以帮助我们更好地管理时间，提高效率。

综上所述，限时训练是一种提高工作效率和学习能力的方法。

体育生训练计划-4月（高一、高二）4月份目的：加强上下肢力量和速度素质周一下午一、准备活动：1、慢跑400米2、柔韧性练习：3、一般性踢腿练习：①弓步压腿；②正踢腿；③侧踢腿；× 25米× 2组4、交叉步跑× 30米×4组二、跑的基本练习：1、小步跑10米 + 加速跑20米× 3组2、前倾高抬腿跑10米 + 加速跑20米× 3组3、后蹬跑× 30米×3组三、训练内容：1、速度练习：30米×6组+ 50米×4组+ 80米× 4组+100米×2组2、腰腹肌练习（要求：每组快速完成）：仰卧起坐30 × 3组，俯卧背起15个一组，3组四、放松练习：2人一组进行放松周二下午一、准备活动：1、慢跑400米2、柔韧性练习：3、一般性踢腿练习：①弓步压腿；②正踢腿；③侧踢腿；× 25米× 2组二、跑的基本练习：1、半高抬腿小步跑10米 + 加速跑20米× 3组2、前倾高抬腿跑10米 + 加速跑20米× 3组3、后蹬跑× 30米×3组三、训练内容：一、速度练习：30米×6组+ 50米×4组+ 80米× 3组二、分组练习：（各组循环，女同学卧推和杠铃片练习重量单独安排）1、卧推，男：50 女：302、小杠铃平推，15——20个一组，4组3、杠铃片腰腹力量练习：10个一组，10组4、斜架仰卧起坐，15个一组，4组四、放松练习：2人一组进行放松周三下午一、准备活动：1、慢跑400米2、一般性踢腿练习：①弓步压腿；②正踢腿；③侧踢腿；× 25米× 2组3、后踢腿跑× 30米×3组二、跑的基本练习：1、腿小步跑15米 + 加速跑20米× 3组2、前倾高抬腿跑15米 + 加速跑20米× 3组3、后蹬跑× 30米×3组4、50米快速跑× 3组三、训练内容：力量练习跳的练习：单脚跳阶梯：左右脚个4次1组×4组沙坑跳跃练习：1、蛙跳4个来回1组×3组2、收腹跳20个1组×3组3、快速高抬腿20秒×3组共三个沙坑，分组练习，三个练习循环进行三、放松练习： 1、全身放松慢跑400米； 2、2人一组进行放松周四下午一、准备活动：1、慢跑400米2、做柔韧性练习：3、一般性踢腿练习：①弓步压腿；②正踢腿；③侧踢腿；× 25米× 2组4、后踢腿跑× 30米×3组5、交叉步跑× 30米×4组二、跑的基本练习：1、半高抬腿小步跑15米 + 加速跑20米× 3组2、前倾高抬腿跑15米 + 加速跑20米× 3组3、后蹬跑× 30米×3组4、50米快速跑× 3组三、训练内容：1、杠铃半蹲，10个一组5组2、卧推：10个一组5组3、哑铃摆臂；4、腰腹肌练习（要求：每组快速完成）：仰卧起坐30 × 3组，俯卧背起15个一组，3组四、放松练习：2人一组进行放松周五下午一、准备活动：1、慢跑400米2、做柔韧性练习：3、一般性踢腿练习：①弓步压腿；②正踢腿；③侧踢腿；× 25米× 2组4、后踢腿跑× 30米×3组5、交叉步跑× 30米×4组1、400米热身跑+400米跑动中起跳二、训练内容1、进行间的压腿、踢腿、后蹬跑、跨步跑2、立定三级跳训练（1）立定跳、分级跳（2）障碍连贯跳（3）进行间多级跳、进行间三级跳（4）三级连贯跳3、跳台阶、跳深。

四月天小学田径队训练计划一、指导思想全面贯彻党的教育方针，在实施素质教育的同时，培养学生各个方面的能力，提高我校在田径比赛中的成绩，把学校的体育工作做的更好。

二、组建队伍为了进一步搞好学校的体育训练工作，并将训练作为一项长期的工作来抓，我们经过认真筛选，从各年级中找队员组建了学校田径队,并集合了学校的实际情况制定了田径队的训练目标。

三、训练计划我校的田径训练主要集中在每周天的下午4：10—5：30（冬季）第一阶段:时间为一周,采用一般的训练强度,进行恢复体力的身体训练。

第二阶段:时间为三周,采用较高强度的训练,加强技术训练和专项素质训练,有意识地把专项素质和技术结合起来.加大训练负荷.在训练中注重技术、战术、作风与心理素质的培养。

第三阶段:时间为一周,采用中等强度，调整运动量，降低练习次数，消除疲劳，积蓄并超量恢复，迎接我区小学生田径比赛，同时加强队员战术以及心理素质的训练，参加区运动会。

第四阶段:认真总结在小学生田径比赛的得失，及时查漏补缺，改进训练方法。

四、训练措施1、对学生项目的训练，我们体育组的老师也有很明确的分配。

2、为迎接我区的田径运动会，我们选择了一些主训项目：短跑、中长跑；跳远、跳高、垒球。

3、学生训练课的内容、形式、节奏等安排，要求形式多样，各种练习手段尽量与游戏活动相结合，以激发学生对田径运动的爱好与兴趣。

4、训练必须以学生身体系统训练为主。

注重学生的专长发展。

5、要把训练和思想教育结合起来，有意识地在教学训练过程中，培养学生“爱祖国、爱学校、懂礼貌、讲文明、肯吃苦”的品质，加强跟班主任、家长、校领导的联系，使学生能安心训练。

通过师生的共同努力。

从难、从严、从实战出发，系统地进行严格训练，加强意志品质培养，争创佳绩。

运动员名单：男：刘彦甫吕天龙李泽源胡浩然王浩燃万德尧王一哲女：袁鹏妍潘琪月梅婷夏艺丹吴雨涵岳姿诺李铭缑栩霏第一周准备活动1、慢跑：排队慢跑10圈，或以出汗，跑热为准，时间控制在15分钟左右。

最新小学数学活动方案10篇小学数学活动方案篇1一、指导思想：为营造校园数学学习氛围，弘扬数学文化，激发提高学习兴趣，培养数学学习方面创新能力。

我们通过开展丰富多彩的各项数学活动，为学生提供一个了解数学、获取数学知识的舞台，在校园里形成浓郁的数学文化氛围，让学生充分感受数学魅力，发现数学的无尽乐趣与无穷奥妙，进而产生一个良性循环，服务与提高自己数学的学习。

二、活动事项活动主题：传播数学文化,展现数学魅力活动口号：我动手，我思考，我快乐活动时间：.3.11-4.111.3月11日升旗仪式数学节活动开幕式2.4月11日活动小结(发活动中一些奖状，数学组全体老师负责)活动目的：1、通过此次活动培养学生对学习数学的兴趣，让学生感受到生活中处处有数学，学会用数学的眼光去关心环境，关心社会，去获取和发现新的知识。

2、促进教师思考与实践课改下的数学教学与活动该如何开展，如何提高课堂活动的数学内涵，如何在培养数学能力及素养上下功夫，促进学生自主地展示数学才能，体验数学价值。

三、活动领导小组组长：__组员：__、各年级数学教研组长四、活动对象:1--6年级全体学生，全体数学老师五、活动形式与具体安排:学生活动：(一) 数学手抄报、数学日记评比(第四周)负责人：__参加对象：三--六年级1、手抄报：以“传播数学文化展现数学魅力”为主题，要求规范、整洁、美观，做出个性。

比赛统一用8开的纸张，右下角写明姓名、班级、指导师。

手抄报内容可包括：数学家的故事、数学名人名句、数学名题、数学趣题(符合本年级孩子思维水平)……。

2、数学日记：必须是学生自己写的，内容最好是写所学知识在生活情境中的运用，目的让学习充分感知数学源于生活，用于生活。

3、以上两项都是先在每个班级进行评比，然后选出3份优秀作品参加校级评比。

(数学日记用统一稿纸书写)注:作品上交到教研组长处,年级组的数学老师一起评选出一二三等奖。

(二)100题口算无错比赛(第五周)负责人：负责人：__参加对象：一、二年级比赛规则：8分钟100道题，每个班级由数学老师自行选拔5位学生参加比赛，根据个人成绩评出一、二、三等奖若干名。

非常6+4+1训练51.下列有关线粒体的叙述，正确的是A.在体外培养时，癌变细胞中的线粒体数量一般比正常细胞多B.口腔上皮细胞用盐酸处理后，线粒体可被健那绿染成蓝绿色C.无论在有氧还是无氧条件下，线粒体基质中都可以生成C02D.在电子显微镜下观察醋酸杆菌，可看到线粒体由双层膜构成2.感染赤霉菌的水稻植株会出现疯长现象，科学家推测可能是赤霉菌产生了某种物质所致。

为了验证这一推测，需对两组水稻幼苗进行不同处理，下列处理方法正确的是A.一组喷施含赤霉菌的培养液、另一组喷施清水B.一组喷施培养过赤霉菌的培养基滤液、另一组喷施清水C.一组喷施含赤霉菌的培养液、另一组喷施未培养过赤霉菌的培养基滤液D.一组喷施培养过赤霉菌的培养基滤液、另一组喷施未培养过赤霉菌的培养基滤液3.若将某森林中局部区域的全部乔木更换为单一乔木“灰桦”，在没有人为继续干预的情况A.该区域发生的演替属于初生演替B.灰桦的数量优势在竞争中被逐渐取代C.山毛榉的种群数量将呈“J”型增长D.更换树种改变了该群落最终演替的方向4.人体血浆渗透压可分为由蛋白质等大分子物质形成的胶体渗透压和由无机盐等小分子物质形成的晶体渗透压。

下列有关说法中，不正确的是A.血浆的晶体渗透压大于组织液或淋巴的晶体渗透压B.肝腹水患者可通过静脉输入血浆蛋白来排出体内多余的水分C.葡萄糖、胰岛素、淋巴因子和Na+等都参与血浆渗透压的形成D.人体内环境渗透压保持相对稳定是细胞正常代谢的基础或前提5.将某一细胞核DNA被3H充分标记的雄性动物细胞（染色体数为2N）置于不含3H的培养液中培养，并经过连续两次细胞分裂。

下列有关说法中，不正确的是A.若进行减数分裂，则子细胞中含3H的DNA分子数一定为NB.若进行有丝分裂，则子细胞中不含3H的染色体数可能为2NC.若某个子细胞的染色体都含3H，则其分裂过程中一定发生基因重组D.若某个子细胞的染色体都不含3H，则其分裂过程中不可能出现四分体6.秋水仙素的结构与核酸中的碱基相似，可渗入到基因中去；秋水仙素还能插入到DNA的碱基对之间，导致DNA不能与RNA聚合酶结合。

行程问题——火车过桥问题学生姓名年级学科授课教师日期时段核心内容利用路程、速度、时间三者关系结合相遇、追及问题解决火车过桥问题课型一对一教学目标1、学会火车过桥问题的解决方式2、学会两车相遇或追及问题3、会解决齐头并进或齐尾并进问题。

重、难点重点：教学目标1、2、3 难点：教学目标2、3课首沟通了解学生对行程问题的掌握情况；了解学生对行程图绘制的掌握情况；知识导图课首小测1.一列火车长200米，它以每秒10米的速度穿过200米长的隧道，从车头进入隧道到车尾离开隧道共需要多少秒？2.一列客车经过南京长江大桥，大桥长6700米，这列客车长100米，每分钟行400米，这列客车经过长江大桥需要多少分钟？3.已知快车长182米,每秒行20米,慢车长1034米,每秒行18米.两车同向而行,当快车车尾接慢车车头时,称快车穿过慢车, 则快车穿过慢车的时间是多少秒？4.（举一反三）小明以每秒2米的速度沿铁路旁的人行道跑步，身后开来一列长188米的火车，火车每秒行18米，问：火车追上小明到完全超过小明共用了多少秒？知识梳理易错点分析(1)火车+有长度的物体：路程=桥长+车长(2)火车+无长度的物体：路程=桥长常用公式(1)路程÷火车速度=时间通过桥的时间 =（桥长 + 车长）÷车速火车速度×时间=路程(2)桥长 = 车速×过桥时间—车长车长 = 车速×过桥时间—桥长(3)路程÷时间=火车速度车速 = （桥长 + 车长）÷过桥时间导学一：火车过桥或隧道问题例 1. （举一反三）一列火车长180米，每秒钟行25米。

全车通过一条120米的山洞，需要多少时间？例 2. 一列火车长200米，以每秒8米的速度通过一条隧道，从车头进洞到车尾离洞，一共用了40秒。

这条隧道长多少米？例 3. 一列客车长225米，连续通过一座长570米的大桥和一座长1137米的隧道，需要84秒的时间，这列客车的速度是多少？我爱展示1.（举一反三）一列火车长360米，每秒行18米。