每周一测-学易试题君之每日一题君2018学年下学期高一英语人教版(课堂同步系列二) (2)

1 重要程度：★★★★☆ 难易程度：★★★★☆(2014·重庆)—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday? —Yeah, but I have no idea ____________ he did it; that ’s one of his favorite universities. A. when B. why C. that D. how 【参考答案】B 【拓展延伸】 1. whether 可以引导同位语从句，if 不能。

☛I have no idea whether they will give us enough help. 我不知道他们能否给我们足够的帮助。

学*科网 2.what 在同位语从句中要作主语或宾语等成分，that 不作成分。

☛I have no idea what he will give me. 我不知道他要给我什么。

3. advice, suggestion, proposal, request, requirement, decision, order等表示命令、建议和要求的词后的同位语从句的谓语用＂should+do＂，should 可以省略。

☛The commander gave an order that the troops (should) advance 10 miles. 司令官下达命令让军队前进10英里。

4. 名词doubt(怀疑)后的同位语从句用whether 引导；no doubt(不怀疑)后的同位语从句用that 引导。

☛We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time. 我们怀疑他们是否能按时完成任务。

☛We have no doubt that they can complete the task on time.。

1 高考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★★★☆
1. We don ’t have enough paper _____________.
A. to write
B. to write
C. to write on
D. writing
【参考答案】
C 【拓展延伸】 不定式作定语
当中心词是序数词或被序数词修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。

不定式作定语与被修饰词之间存在
关系如下：
1.
主谓关系。

☛
In my family, my mother is always the first one to get up.
在我家我妈妈总是第一个起床。

2.
动宾关系。

如果不定式里的动词是不及物动词，则要加上适当的介词或副词，才能直接修饰前面的宾
语。

☛He has a lot of books to read.
他有很多书要看。

☛
She has nothing to worry about.
她没什么可担心的。

3.
动状关系。

被修饰词如果是不定式里动词的状语，多用介词短语。

由于被修饰词前没有介词，所以只
能在不定式里的动词后加介词。

学科
&网。

I. 阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AThe oddness of life in space never quite goes away. Here are some examples.First consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges. The main question is whether you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag. If you leave your arms out, they float free in zero gravity, often giving a sleeping astronaut the look of a funny balled(芭蕾) dancer. ＂I’m an inside guy,＂Mike Hopkins says, who returned from a six-month tour on the International Space Station. ＂I like to be wrapped up.＂On the station, the ordinary becomes strange. The exercise bike for the American astronauts has no handlebars. It also has no seat. With no gravity, it’s just as easy to pedal violently. You can watch a movie while you pedal by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long. Without gravity to help circulate air, the carbon dioxide you exhale(呼气) has a tendency to form an invisible(隐形的) cloud around your head. You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache.Leroy Chiao, 54, an American retired astronaut after four flights, describes what happens even before you float out of your seat,＂Your inner ear thinks you’re falling. Meanwhile your eyes are telling you you’re standing straight. That can be annoying — that’s why some people feel sick.＂Within a couple of days — truly terrible days for some —astronauts’brains learn to ignore the panicky signals from the inner ear, and space sickness disappears.Space travel can be so delightful but at the same time invisibly dangerous. For instance, astronauts lose bone mass. That’s why exercise is considered so vital that National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA) puts it right on the workday schedule. The focus on fitness is as much about science and the future as it is about keeping any individual astronaut healthy. NASA is worried about two things: recovery time once astronauts return home, and, more importantly, how to maintain strength and fitness for the two and a half years or more that it would take to make a round-trip to Mars.1. What is the major challenge to astronauts when they sleep in space?A. Deciding on a proper sleep position.B. Choosing a comfortable sleeping bag.1。

1 重要程度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★★★☆(2014·福建) For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying ______________.A. connectedB. connectingC. to connectD. to be connected【参考答案】A 【拓展延伸】v-ing 形式和不定式作宾语补足语的区别：在see,hear,feel,watch,notice 等感官动词后，既可用v-ing形式构成复合宾语，也可用不带to的不定式构成复合宾语，两者之间有一定的区别。

用v-ing 形式时，表示动作正在进行；用不带to 的不定式时，表示动作发生了，即动作的全过程结束了。

学*科网☛He saw a girl getting on the car.他看见一个女孩儿在上汽车。

(She was getting on the car.) ☛He saw a girl get on the car.他看见一个女孩儿上车了。

(She got on the car.)☛Do you hear someone knocking at the door?你听见有人在敲门吗？(Someone is knocking at the door.)☛Do you hear someone knock at the door?你听见有人敲门了吗？(Someone knocked at the door just now.)【特别注意】如果宾语补足语是一系列的动作，通常只能用不带to 的不定式来表示，不用v-ing 形式。

高考频度：★★★☆☆难易程度：★★★☆☆1. (2017•浙江改编)Why does Cojochru have to take a language test? To better mix ___________ the Italians.【参考答案】with 【拓展延伸】1. mix vt.& v. 混合；调配；混淆，弄乱；n. 结合；混合；混合料 mix A and/with B 把甲与乙混合起来 mix sth. up 把某物混合；混淆某物 mix sth. in/into 把某物掺进去 学科&网 be/get mixed up with sth./sb. 与某事有关；与某人混在一起2. mixed adj. 混合的，混合物 mixture n. 混合(物)；混合状态2. (2017•新课标全国卷 II)Later, engineers ____________ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known to the tube.【参考答案】managed 【拓展延伸】 manage sth. 经营/管理某事物 manage with… 用……对付过去 manage it 能做到 manager n. 经理；管理人员；经济人 management n. 管理；经营手段；管理部门1【易混辨析】manage to do /try to do/try doingmanage to do sth. 表示＂设法成功地做了某事＂，强调结果，相当于 succeed in doing sth.。

try to do sth. 表示＂设法/努力去做某事＂，强调目的，不定式的动作或状态不一定能实现。

try doing表示＂试着做某事＂。

学科&网☛He worked hard and managed to pass the exam.他努力学习并顺利通过了考试。

1 重要程度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★★☆☆1. (2017·北京改编) Every month the magazine introduces a fresh new topic with articles, experiments and creative things to make — the magazine also explores philosophy and wellbeing to make sure young readers have a _____________(balance) take on life.【参考答案】balanced 【拓展延伸】 1. balance (1)n. 均衡，平衡；天平，秤；余额；vt. 使保持平衡(=keep steady)；权衡；使相等，相抵(=be/keep equal) keep/lose one ’s balance 保持/失去平衡 keep the balance of nature 保持生态平衡 out of balance 失去平衡；不平衡 a sense of balance 平衡感 (2) vt. 使保持平衡(=keep steady)；权衡；使相等，相抵(=be/keep equal) balance A against B 权衡/比较A 和B 2. balanced adj. 平衡的；和谐的；安定的 keep/eat a balanced diet保持饮食平衡2. (2017·天津改编) Of course, I also took some practical steps to __________________(减肥).【参考答案】lose weight【拓展延伸】1. weight 短语：lose weight 减肥。

I. 阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AThe best family vacation that I ever had was going on a road trip to Myrtle Beach. The trip was for 2 weeks during the March break from school. This trip was probably about 20 years ago so it was before the time of things like portable video games and being able to watch movies in the back seat.So to pass the many hours of travel my brother and I had to entertain ourselves and each other. My mum would set the back seat up so that it was our own little playroom. She would pack everything up so that we had a big level area to play in. We would play cards and board games.When it got to the point where we_were_at_each_ot her’s_throats we would be sent back to our own side of the seat and would be forced to either nap or read by ourselves until we could be friendly to each other again. I can remember us playing for quite some time when we turned the back seat into a spaces hip and traveled around the earth.Another time we turned it into a kitchen and had a bake-off (食品烘烤赛). But the thing that I remember the most and that gave us many hours of enjoyment was using each other’s faces as silly Plasticine (普莱斯蒂辛橡皮泥) and making funny faces. We would see how far we could stretch each other’s mouths open, see how thin we could make the other’s eye by pulling on it. We would keep going until one of us begged for mercy because we had to give our faces a rest.So while I can remember us having a great time on the beach, laughing a lot trying to put the tent up in the rain, what I remember the most of that trip and what always makes me smile the most is remembering the pain that our faces would be in after the trip.1. What did the author do when traveling to Myrtle Beach?A. Watch movies.B. Play video games.C. Have fun with his brother.D. Pack things up to amuse himself.1。

1 重要程度：★★★★★ 难易程度：★★★★★1. (2017·江苏) He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he ____________.A. was being followedB. was followingC. had been followedD. followed【参考答案】A 【拓展延伸】 学习宾语从句要把握三个要点：连接词、语序和时态。

1.使用宾语从句，连接词的选择至关重要。

有关连接词的选择可遵循以下规则：(1)如果宾语从句为陈述句，连接词用that 。

that本身既没有实际意思，也不在从句中作成分，所以口语中常省略。

☛I hope (that) you will write to me as soon as possible.我希望你尽快给我写信。

(2)宾语从句为一般疑问句时，连接词用if或whether，可译为＂是否＂。

☛He asked me if(whether) I would go to Beijing by air.他问我是否乘飞机去北京。

学*科网(3)宾语从句为特殊疑问句时，连接词用原疑问词。

☛He didn’t know how he could get across the river.我不知道他是怎么过了河的。

2.从句的语序无论原句是陈述句、一般疑问句，还是特殊疑问句，在宾语从句中一律使用陈述语序。

☛The teacher asked if you had finished your homework.。

重要程度：★★★☆☆难易程度：★★☆☆☆1. (2017·北京改编) Parents ought to be able to opt out only for ___________(limit) medical or religious reasons. 【参考答案】limited 【拓展延伸】 1. limit vt. 限制，限定；n. 界限， 限度limit ... to ... 把……限制在……范围之内 to the limit 达到极限 without limit 无限地；无限制地 a limit to ... ……的限度 within limits 适度地；有限度地 go beyond/over the limit 超过限度 put a limit on=set a limit to 限制 2. limited adj. 有限的 be limited to ... 局限于…… limitation n. 局限；缺陷 limitless adj. 无限的；无限制的 2. (2017·北京改编) It combines fun ____________ complex concepts. 【参考答案】with 【拓展延伸】 1. combine v. 联合；结合；组合；n. 联合体 combine ... with/and ... 把……与……结合起来 be combined in ... 化合成……1combine together (to do) 联合起来 2. combination n. 联合；混合a combination of 一种……结合(物) in combination 联合起来；在联合中 in combination with 与……联合/混合1. 用 limit 的适当形式或其短语填空①One’s energy is ___________.②__________________ (没有止境) what you can do if you try.③We must ___________our weekly expenditure ___________ ten pounds.④Only a ___________ number of places are available. ⑤ (2017·北京改编) But no one does enough ___________ (limit) exemptions. ⑥(2017·浙江改编) ___________(限制) your time. ⑦(2017·新课标全国卷 III 改编) For example, most of us would expect older drivers always go slower thaneveryone else but surprisingly, we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and sowere more likely to break the speed ___________(限制) and be at risk of getting fined.⑧(2015·新课标全国卷 I 改编) The length of the article __________________ (应该限制在) 400 words or so.2. (2017·天津) My fund-raising focus also gave me new motivation to exercise.A. regularlyB. limitlesslyC. suddenly3. (2017·江苏) But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument, and wasD. randomly to practicing itso that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.A. committedB. usedC. limitedD. admitted4. 用 combine 的短语或其适当形式填空①A ___________ of factors led to her decision to resign.②Success was achieved by the ___________ efforts of the whole team.③As a writer, he ___________ wit ___________ passion.④(2017·北京改编) TOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the world of children’s publishing, bringing a unique___________(combine) of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month.25. 根据 combine 的用法翻译句子 ①我们并不总是能在工作中享受到乐趣。

1 重要程度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★★☆☆__________________(write) in a hurry, this article was not so good!【参考答案】Written【拓展延伸】连词+过去分词”结构作状语过去分词作状语时，可在分词之前加某些连词，以表示强调。

常用的有if, unless, when(如例句8), once, until, though/ although, even if/ even though, as, as if等。

【难点点拨】此结构实际是状语从句的省略形式。

当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且状语从句的谓语动词是被动式时，省略从句的主语和动词be即是。

学&科网1. 用所给动词的正确形式填空①The boy sat at his desk, his right hand ________________(raise).②________________ (praise) by his teacher, Tom worked even harder.③The cup fell down to the ground, ________________ (break).④________________ (face) with this situation, they felt both joy and fear.⑤Young students should go and work where ________________ (need).⑥________________ (taste) delicious, the bread in this shop was sold out soon.⑦________________ (seat) at the table, my father and I were talking about my job.⑧________________ (grow) in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.2. 同义句转换(每空一词)①As he was surrounded by a group of young people, the old man felt happy.→______________ ______________a group of young people, the old man felt happy.。

1 高考频度：★★★★☆ 难易程度：★★★☆☆1. (2015·重庆改编)He observed that Homer was still ___________ (钦佩)after two thousand years.【参考答案】admired【拓展延伸】1. admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕admire sb./sth.羡慕某人/某物；喜欢某人/某物admire sb. for sth.因某事而钦佩某人admire to do sth.喜欢做某事admire that...钦佩……2. admiration n. 钦佩，赞赏；引人赞美的人或物in admiration of对……表示钦佩have/express admiration for sb.(表示)钦佩某人with/in admiration (for) (因为……)钦佩3. admirable adj. 令人钦佩的；值得赞美的；绝妙的；极好的【巧学妙记】一言巧记admire ：The admirers admire the famous actor for his excellent performance, which they enjoy with/ in admiration , and because of having admiration for him, some of them even email him frequently.这些羡慕者因这位著名演员的出色表演而钦佩他。

他们带着钦佩之情欣赏他的表演。

一些人因为钦佩他甚至经常给他发邮件。

学科*网2. (2017·浙江改编)She had asked the government for to move the books to a safe place, but they refused. So Alia took matters into her own hands.A. permissionB. confirmationC. explanationD. information。

1 重要程度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★★☆☆1. (2017·新课标全国卷III 改编) This tour transports you back _____________(及时) to one of San Francisco ’s most fantastic periods, the 1950s!【参考答案】in time【拓展延伸】in time 及时；终于in time for sth./to do sth. 做某事及时/来得及做某事on time准时，按时in no time 立即，马上at no time绝不(放在句首时，句子须倒装) at a time一次；每次at one time 曾经，一度at times 有时for the time being 暂时take one ’s time 别着急；慢慢来against time争分夺秒地，尽快地☛The boss ordered that the work should be done on time.老板吩咐工作必须按时完成。

学&科网☛At no time in her life has she been braver than in that case.她一生中从来没有像那一回那么勇敢。

☛You can take your time to pay the debt you owe me.你欠我的债可以慢慢还。

2. (2015·江苏改编)Many wastes produced in the producing process are _____________ as well. (harm)。

1 重要程度：★★★★☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆1. (2017·北京改编) We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that ___________(发生) while we sleep have been unclear.【参考答案】take place【拓展延伸】take place 发生；举行(不及物动词短语，没有被动语态，不用于进行时态。

)take the place of (动词短语)代替/取代in place of (介词短语)代替；交换in place放在合适的位置；适合的，恰当的out of place 不在合适的位置；不适当的in the first place (列举理由)首先，第一点in one’s place处于某人的位置，为某人设身处地想一想take sb.’s place / take the place of sb.代替某人的职务，取代某人【易混辨析】take place / happen / occur / come about / break out这几个词/短语均可以表示＂发生＂，但是用法有区别。

take place往表示＂发生、举行、举办＂，一般指非偶然性事件的＂发生＂，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。

happen作＂发生、碰巧发生＂解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件。

occur作＂发生、想到、突然想起＂解，其意义相当于happen 。

come about表示＂发生、产生＂，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句。

break out意思为＂发生、爆发＂，常指战争、灾难、疾病、火灾或者争吵等事件的发生，也可以表示突然大声叫喊等。

1 重要程度：★★★★★ 难易程度：★★★★★(2014·陕西)My book, The House of Hales , is missing. Who ____________ have taken it?A. needB. mustC. shouldD. could【参考答案】D 【拓展延伸】1. can的用法(1)表能力。

☛He is only four, but he can read.他只有4岁，但已认得字了。

【特别提醒】can 表示一贯的能力，be able to表示客观能力和通过努力可以达到的能力。

☛I can’t swim. But I am sure I will be able to swim through more practice.我不会游泳，但是经过多加练习后，我一定能游泳。

☛The fire spread through the hotel, but everyone was able to get out. 火势在旅馆中蔓延，但是所有人都能逃出来。

(2)表推测，只能用于否定句与疑问句中。

☛Can the news be true?这个消息是真的吗？☛It can’t be true. 这不可能是真的。

学&科网【特别提醒】can 用在肯定句中表示一时的可能性。

☛I’ll hold on to the books; they can be useful.我会保留这些书，它们有时很有用。

(3)表示允许(和may 意思相近)，常见于口语。

☛Can (May) I come in? 我能进来吗？☛Can I smoke here? 我能在这里吸烟吗？。

重要程度：★★★☆☆难易程度：★★★☆☆1. (2017·江苏改编) A new commodity ___________(导致) a highly profitable, fast-growing industry, urging antitrust（反垄断）regulators to step in to check those who control its flow.【参考答案】brings about 【拓展延伸】 bring 短语： bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出 bring about 引起，导致，造成 bring down 使(飞机)降落；使倒下；降低；减少 bring in 介绍；带进来；吸收 bring out 取出；说出；阐明；出版 bring forward 提出(问题、建议、计划等) bring down 降低；压倒 bring to light 发现 bring on 引起，带来 2. (2017·新课标全国卷 III 改编) This attractive tour takes you to some of San Francis’s most cheerful holiday___________(scene). 【参考答案】scenes 【拓展延伸】 scene n. (戏剧)一场；场面；现场；景色 on the scene 在现场，当场1behind the scenes 在幕后；在后台 appear/come on the scene 到场，出现 set the scene 提供条件 【易混辨析】view /scene/scenery/sightview 多指从远处或高处等某个角度所看见的＂景物，景致＂。

scene 除表示＂景物，景致＂外，还有＂场面＂之意，大多包括人及人的活动在内。

scenery 指一个地区全部的自然景色，如高山、森林、溪谷等，尤指美丽的乡间景色，是不可数名词。

1 重要程度：★★★★☆ 难易程度：★★★☆☆1. (2017·江苏改编)For a long time Gabriel didn’t want to be involved in music at all. In his fir st years of high school, Gabriel would look pityingly at music students, struggling across the campus with their heavy instrument cases, at school for practice hours before anyone else had to be there.A. rising upB. coming upC. driving upD. turning up【参考答案】D 【拓展延伸】turn in上交；获得turn to转向，求助于turn around转过身turn into 变成 turn over 翻转，翻过来 turn back 折回，往回走 turn out 结果是，证明是；生产，制造；出席 turn off 关上；(使)失去兴趣 turn down 拒绝；关小 turn on 打开；突然攻击 turn up 出现，到场；开大一点；找到；朝上翻2. (2017·天津改编) Perhaps this is what photos are for: _____________(remind) us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.【参考答案】to remind【拓展延伸】1. remind vt. 提醒remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事。

I. 阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AScientists now believe there are some things in the sky that we will never see. We won’t see them with the biggest telescope in the world, on the clearest night of the year. That’s because they are unseen. They are the mysterious dead stars called black holes.You might find it hard to imagine that stars die. After all, our sun is a star. Year after year we see it up in the sky, burning brightly, giving us heat and light. The sun certainly doesn’t seem to be getting old or weak. But stars do burn out and die after billions of years.As the star’s gases burn, they give off light and heat. But when the gases run out, the star stops burning and begins to die. As the star cools, the outer layers of the star pull in toward the center. The star pushes into a smaller and smaller ball. Imagine if the earth were crushed (挤压) until it was the size of a tiny marble (玻璃弹子). That’s how tightly this dead star, a black hole, is packed. What pulls the star in toward its center with such power? It’s gravity. A black hole is so tightly packed that its gravity sucks in (吸进) everything — even light. The light from a black hole can never come back to your eyes. That’s why you see nothing but blackness.1. Which of the following can explain how the star dies?A. As the gases run out, it cools down.B. As it hits other stars, it crashes.C. As it sucks in too much light, it explodes.D. As it gets hotter and hotter, it explodes.2. The underlined word ＂mysterious＂in Paragraph 1 probably means _____________.A. ordinaryB. brightC. strangeD. common3. Which of the following is NOT a fact?A. Black holes are dead stars.B. Black holes have gravity.C. The dead stars are tightly packed.D. The sun won’t die even after billions of years.1。

1 重要程度：★★★★★ 难易程度：★★★★☆
(2016·江苏)It is often the case ____________anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
A. why
B. what
C. as
D. that
【参考答案】D
【拓展延伸】
动名词作主语应该注意的几个问题
1.
动名词作主语时表示单数概念，谓语动词用单数形式。

☛
Walking after supper is good for your health.
饭后走走路有益健康。

2.
动名词的复合结构
( sb’s doing)作主语
动名词的复合结构是指
物主代词
、
名词所有格
是动名词逻辑上的主语；动名词是其逻辑上的谓语。

作
主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

☛
Your coming
made us happy.
你的到来让我们很高兴。

☛
Your father ’
s cooking
is very good.
你爸爸做的饭很好吃。

3.
动名词与不定式作主语时的比较：动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作；不定式则通常表示具体
的动作。

☛
As a child, she felt that visiting sick people
was a duty and a pleasure.
作为一个孩子，她认为去看望病人是一种责任，也是一件乐事。

1 重要程度：★★★★★ 难易程度：★★★★☆(2015·重庆) Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way__________ the sun and the stars.A. usedB. having usedC. usingD. use 【参考答案】C【拓展延伸】动词-ing 形式作状语的注意事项：1. 动词-ing 形式的时态动词-ing(短语)作状语时，要注意它的时间性，即注意是用其一般式(doing)还是用完成式(having done)。

当动词-ing形式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生时，用一般式。

当它的动作先发生，而谓语动词的动作后发生时，用完成式。

☛Walking in the street, I met an old friend of mine.我正在大街上行走时，遇到了一位老朋友。

(walking和谓语动词met同时发生) ☛Having finished the letter, he went to post it.他写完信后就把它寄了出去。

(having finished 是先发生的，went 是后发生的。

) 2.动词-ing 形式的否定式动词-ing 形式的否定式是在它的前面加not 。

☛Not seeing John, I asked where he was. 我看不见约翰，于是问他在什么地方。

3. 动词-ing 形式的语态使用动词-ing形式的主动式还是被动式，这主要取决于现在分词和句子主语间的关系。

句子的主语就是分词的逻辑主语。

☛Having been shown around the factory, they were very happy.(they 是被带领着参观) 被领着参观了工厂后，他们很高兴。