Literary Experiences
Later Years and Death
•★ At the outset of the American Civil War, Hawthorne traveled to Washington, D.C.. He wrote about his experiences in the essay "Chiefly About War Matters" in 1862. •★ Suffering from pain in his stomach, Hawthorne insisted on a trip with his friend Franklin Pierce. While on a tour of the White Mountains, Hawthorne died in his sleep on May 19, 1864, in Plymouth, New Hampshire.
•★ In 1860 the family returned to the Wayside and that year saw the publication of The Marble Faun. 大理石农牧
之神
1848年由于政见与当局不同,失去海关的职务,便致 力于创作活动,写出了他最重要的长篇小说《红字》 (1850) 红字发表后获得巨大成功,霍桑继而创作了不 少作品。其中《带有七个尖角阁的房子》(1851)描写品 恩钦家族的祖先谋财害命而使后代遭到报应的故事,说 明财富是祸患,“一代人的罪孽要殃及子孙”;这部小 说也反映了资本主义发展初期的血腥掠夺。另一部小说 《福谷传奇》(1852)以布鲁克农场生活为题材,表达了 作者对这种社会改良对狂热的改革者的厌恶。 皮尔斯当选为美国总统后,霍桑于1853年被任命为 驻英国利物浦的领事。1857年后,霍桑侨居意大利,创作 了另一部讨论善恶问题的长篇小说《玉石雕像》(1860)。 1860年霍桑返回美国,在康科德定居,坚持写作。1864 年5月19日去世