专题12 短文填空1、（2022·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，单词的第一个字母已给出。
Erie Green has always wondered about things that live in the ocean. When he wasy____1____ , he loved to swim. He liked to watch all kinds of underwater animals and plants through his mask (潜水面罩). When he grew up, he wanted to l____2____ for new things in the ocean.Today, Mr. Green is a marine ecologist (海洋生态学家). He studies how underwater animals and plants connect with each other and need each other to stay a____3____.Mr. Green studies coral reefs (珊瑚) in the Pacific Ocean. A coral reef is like a big underwater t____4____. Thousands of animals and plants live there. They compete for food and space there. As a result, the beautiful coral reefs get i____5____ easily.Mr. Green also studies how people’s actions can change coral reefs. Sometimes people pollute the water or overfish, so the w____6____ that all the living things are joined together has been changed. If coral reefs get hurt, many animals have to find new homes. Some animals’n____7____ drop low, and some animals just disappear. Mr. Green wants to p____8____ this from happening.Mr. Green believes that all living things in a coral reef should be k____9____ safe. “Underwater ecosystems are like airplanes,” Mr. Green says. “They need all of their parts to work correctly.” “To take better care of marine homes, we first must k____10____ them. Only through that, can we understand the gre at influence humans have on these places.” Mr. Green says.2、（2021·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，单词的第一个字母已给出Susan is the daughter of the famous environmental scientist Clark. But the woman has become an environmentalist on her o____11____.In 1992, the first UN Earth Summit(峰会) was held in Rio de Janeiro. Thousands of people from around the world h____12____ for it to talk about the Earth’s tomorrow. Twelve-year-old Susan and three of her friends formed a group. They raised money to travel to Rio toa____13____ the summit.At the summit, Susan said that the state of the environment w____14____ her a lot. “You don’t know how to fix the holes in our ozone layer (臭氧层). You don’t know how to bring back forests that once g____15____ where there is now desert. If you don’t know how to fix the Earth,please stop b____16____ it!” The six-minute speech silenced all the people and made them fall into deep thinking.After that speech, Susan began to lead “two lives.” On the t____17____ days, she was a schoolchild. But during her vacations, she s____18____ internationally about the environment.Now, nearly 30 years has passed since Susan made her Rio speech. Although many of the world’s environmental problems have only become w____19____, Susan does agree that some things are different now. More and more people give voice like Susan because they have realized the importance of the environment.“Thirty years ago, I was fighting for my tomorrow. Now, I am fighting for the f____20____ of my sons,” says Susan, now a mothe r of two, who has kept calling people's attention to climate change.3、（2020·湖北·中考真题）Boyan Slat has one huge goal. It's a goal that could be good for people and a____21____all over the world. Amazingly, it looks like he's going tom____22____his goal.When he was 16, Dutch engineering student Slat was on vacation in Greece, and he startedto think about all the rubbish that is p____23____onto beaches by water. The oceans around the world are all of plastic—millions of tons of plastic. Unfortunately, plastic doesn't just disappear. It takes c____24____to break down (分解).The p____25____situation of the oceans is bad and worrying and Slat wanted to do something to change it. So he made it a personal goal to clean up the rubbish in the world's oceans.Slat started with an idea for an unusual m____26____to "catch" the plastic floating (漂浮) in the water using the natural energy of the ocean. He left school in 2013 to begin work on his project The Ocean Cleanup. Soon, the project r____27____a lot of attention.A year later, he was leading a team of 100 scientists and engineers working on the invention. Slat needed money for this, so he started asking people to d____28____to his project online and raised over $ 2 million!Soon after, Slat was named a "Champion of the Earth" by the United Nations for his meaningful and v____29____ work. It's the most important title the UN gives to people helping the environment. The Ocean Cleanup also won several awards (奖项) for having one of the best inventions of 2015. But the d_____30_____goes on for Slat. He hopes that the oceans will be free of plastic in about twenty or thirty years.4、（2019·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）It was at an exhibition of the artist’s works organized by the Red Cross. I was invited as a special g___31___to attend the exhibition. During this period, two cute girls of 16 or 17 years old came to me and asked me for my signature(签名).“I haven’t brought my pen.Is the p___32___okay?” Actually, I knew they wouldn’tr___33___. I just wanted to show a well-known writer’s good manners to the c___34___readers.“Certainly,” the young girls readily a___35___. I could see they were very excited. Of course, their excitement also made me feel more pleased and satisfied. One of the girlsh___36___her fine notebook to me. I turned over the cover of the notebook, wrote a few words of encouragement n____37____and signed my name. The girl read my signature, frowned (皱眉), looked at me carefully and asked, “Aren’t you Robert Char?”“No,” I told her proudly, “I’m the author of Alice Adams, the w___38___of two Pulitzer Prizes.”The young girl turned to the o___39___,shrugged (耸肩) and said, “Mary, lend your rubber to me.” At that moment, all my p____40____turned into a bubble (泡泡) immediately. Since then, I always warn myself: no m atter how outstanding you are, don’t think highly of yourself.5、（2018·湖北武汉·中考真题）先阅读短文,再在其后空白处写出各单词的正确形式,单词的第一个字母已给出.When you’re very, very afraid of something, that fear can affect (影响) you and how you live your life. When I was younger, I saw my cousin f___41___onto an ant’s nest. The ants attacked (攻击) him, and he was c___42___in terrible bites (咬). After that I became very scared of ants. I wouldn’t eat outside, and I didn’t even like to play outside. I c___43___my bed for ants every night. But when I t___44___thirteen, I decided I couldn’t let my fear get to me. I had to learn to control fear of ants.First I read a lot about different ants. I didn’t focus on bites, but instead I read about how helpful ants are to the p___45___. Ants are really cool! They are hard-working, social, and organized. They help bring a___46___and nutrients(营养) to the earth. They help plants grow, clean up decaying (腐烂的) m___47___, and help control other insects.Next I began to w___48___ants from a safe distance. I stared to look at a family of ants in real time on the internet in order to learn how they live. Little by little, I felt more c___49___about ants. Finally I went outside one day and let an ant move onto my hand and t___50___it gently. It was okay! Now that I know about all the good things ants do, I’m not so afraid of them anymore.6、（2017·湖北武汉·中考真题）Soap is widely used in our lives around the world. Once soap was a dangerous-to-make hair p___51___ But it is something that it would be difficult to live without today.Soap is everywhere. We use it every day and c___52___ it as something important in our lives. It also has an amazing h___53___, in Babylon around 2800 B．C．, the e___54___ known soap was made and used. Ancient Egyptians also made soap. At one time, soap-making was not s______55______That’s because lye(碱液) b___56___chemical burns or even made people blindin the making process. Other dangerous materials were also m___57___with animal fats and oils. Later. soap became a___58___in stores and people gradually stopped making it in their homes.Originally (最初), soap was not mainly used for c___59___. Instead, it was used as gel(凝胶) for making hair stay in place or smell good. The Arabs first made the soap that we know today. They created colored, liquid, and hard soaps. They even had soaps which were used forshaving(刮胡子).Soap became people’s f____60____ in the late 1800s. Advertising in Europe and the US helped people understand the connection between cleanliness and good health. Now. Soap is something we wouldn’t want to live without.7、（2016·湖北武汉·中考真题）阅读理解填词先阅读短文，再在其后空白处写出各单词的正确形式。
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