宏电DTUGPRS远传实例
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射频技术在医疗设备中的应用案例随着现代科技的不断进步和医疗技术的不断完善,射频技术作为一种非常重要的医疗设备技术,经常被应用于各种疾病的治疗和诊断中。
射频技术不仅可以有效地解决一些传统医疗技术无法解决的难题,而且具备无创、高精度、痛苦少等诸多优势。
下面将介绍几个射频技术在医疗设备中的经典应用案例。
一、射频治疗背痛背痛是一种非常普遍的病症,它会严重影响患者的生活质量和工作效率。
传统的治疗方法常常需要手术和注射药物,但这些方法不仅费用高,而且风险较大。
而射频治疗是一种无创的背痛治疗方法,通过低频电磁波的作用降低痛觉神经的敏感度,从而减轻疼痛感。
同时,射频治疗还可以帮助患者恢复正常的运动功能和生活习惯,从而缓解背痛症状。
二、射频治疗肥胖症肥胖症是一种非常常见的代谢疾病,它不仅会增加患者的健康风险,而且也会对患者的心理产生负面影响。
传统的减肥方法常常需要通过饮食和运动来控制体重,但效果并不理想。
而射频治疗则是一种非常有效的肥胖治疗方法,它可以通过高频电磁波的作用帮助患者减轻体重和脂肪,从而降低患者发生并发症的风险。
三、射频诊断心脏病心脏病是一种非常严重的疾病,如果不能及时发现和处理,会对患者的生命造成严重威胁。
传统的心脏病诊断方法常常需要进行心脏导管检查等复杂手术,并且具备一定的风险性。
而射频诊断则是一种非常方便和安全的心脏病诊断方法,它可以通过将射频探头插入患者体内来检测患者心脏的运动情况和血流情况,从而帮助医生准确地判断患者是否患有心脏疾病。
四、射频切割手术手术是一种常规的疾病治疗方法,但手术风险较大,恢复时间较长。
而射频切割手术则是一种新型的手术方法,它可以通过利用射频电磁波的作用将组织准确地切割开来,从而达到减少伤口和疼痛的效果。
射频切割手术不仅可以用于肿瘤、瘢痕等比较难治的疾病治疗,而且可以帮助医生更好地控制手术的范围和精度,从而降低手术的风险。
总之,射频技术在医疗设备中的应用非常广泛,不仅可以帮助患者更好地治疗疾病,而且可以提高医生的工作效率和诊疗精度。
不良反应上报分析过程中联合应用Excel与Access 【摘要】目的:简化不良反应分析过程和步骤。
方法:运用计算机技术,通过access和excel软件,将药品不良反应分析由传统的手工统计分析变为计算机处理,并实现数据共享。
结果:实际应用表明,药品不良反应报告分析设计规范,操作简便,并具统计分析功能。
【关键词】excel;access;不良反应【中图分类号】r47【文献标识码】a【文章编号】1004-7484(2012)14-0481-01药品不良反应(adverse drug reactions,简称adr),是指合格药品在正常用法用量下出现的与用药目的无关的或意外的有害反应【l】。
开展药品不良反应监测,是为了有效和及时控制药品风险,保障公众用药安全的一个重要手段;是《药品管理法》对各级卫生行政部门、药品生产经营企业和医疗单位、医务人员提出的一项法定任务,现在药品不良反应监测己成为医院药学的日常工作。
现阶段我国对药品adr的上报方式多采用网上直接报告,尤其随着adr的上报数量增加,监测内容的逐年丰富。
给adr的分析工作带来了新的挑战,增加了很大的工作量,而且上报数据手工录入既费时又会出现错误【1】。
为了规范药品不良反应监测工作,简化adr资料的处理和分析过程,科学化、个体化了解和分析已上报的药物不良反应的发生情况,及时掌握临床用药发生adr的高发品种和高发人群,提高临床治疗安全用药水平,促进药物安全信息交流,笔者参考国家卫生部、国家食品药品监督管理局发布的《药品不良反应报告和监测管理办法》附表要求的项目[2],利用excel与access对adr上报数据的进行分析。
1 软硬件环境ibm pc或兼容机,cpu pⅲ以上,内存128m,硬盘空间80mb,外设:cd-rom,打印机。
2 数据来源将多种信息保存至excel表格中,形成数据库。
患者adr库(adr.xls)(依据国家ar中心中报数据界面里提取相关信息:患者姓名、adr名称、adr发生日期、药品名称等);药物数据库(yp.xls)(从药剂科获取含药品编码、药品名称、规格、生产厂、药理编码、单价等段内容)以及药理分类库(yl.xls)(含有药理编码、药理类别等字段),用于规范药品的药理分类;病史库(bs.xls)(信息科提供患者医保号、姓名、诊疗科室、诊断名称、剂量、天数、用药频次)和员工信息库(yg.xls)(姓名、科室、职业、职称)。
射频识别技术在医药行业中的应用与创新案例分享近年来,随着科技的不断发展,射频识别技术在医药行业中的应用越来越广泛。
射频识别技术是一种通过无线电信号进行数据传输和识别的技术,它可以实现对物体进行远距离的自动识别和跟踪。
在医药行业中,射频识别技术的应用带来了许多创新,并为医疗服务提供了更高效和便捷的解决方案。
首先,射频识别技术在医药行业中的应用之一是药品追溯。
药品追溯是指通过追踪药品的生产、流通和使用过程,确保药品的质量和安全。
传统的药品追溯方式通常依赖于手工记录和人工核对,存在信息不准确、效率低下等问题。
而射频识别技术可以通过将RFID标签粘贴在药品包装上,实现对药品的追踪和溯源。
医院和药店可以通过RFID读写器快速扫描药品标签,获取药品的相关信息,确保药品的来源和真实性,提高药品追溯的效率和准确性。
其次,射频识别技术在医药行业中的应用还包括医疗设备管理。
医疗设备的管理对于医院来说至关重要,它涉及到医疗资源的合理配置和设备的维护保养。
传统的医疗设备管理方式通常需要人工巡检和记录,容易出现遗漏和错误。
而射频识别技术可以通过在医疗设备上安装RFID标签,实现对设备的自动识别和监控。
医院可以通过RFID系统对设备进行实时监测和管理,包括设备的位置、状态和维护记录等。
当设备需要维修或更换时,RFID系统可以提醒相关人员及时处理,减少设备故障对医疗服务的影响。
此外,射频识别技术在医药行业中的应用还涉及病人管理和医疗流程优化。
传统的病人管理方式通常需要病人提供身份证件或填写纸质表格,不仅繁琐而且容易出错。
而射频识别技术可以通过在病人手环或身份证上嵌入RFID芯片,实现对病人身份的自动识别和记录。
医院可以通过RFID系统快速获取病人的基本信息和就诊记录,提高就诊效率和准确性。
同时,射频识别技术还可以应用于医疗流程的优化,例如通过RFID标签对医疗用品和药品进行管理,提高医疗服务的效率和质量。
在实际应用中,射频识别技术在医药行业中也有一些创新案例值得分享。
专利名称:听力植入物系统中的最佳能量和数据传送
专利类型:发明专利
发明人:马丁·斯托法纳勒,彼得·施莱赫,托马斯·施瓦曾贝克申请号:CN201280052280.X
申请日:20121026
公开号:CN103889501A
公开日:
20140625
专利内容由知识产权出版社提供
摘要:描述一种用于听力植入物系统的外部设备和具有外部设备的听力植入物系统。
外部发射器生成到被植入接收器的射频感应链路信号,其包括将数据传输到被植入接收器的数据字段的序列、以及在各个数据字段之间的将没有数据的能量传输到被植入接收器的数据字暂停段的序列。
数据字暂停控制器根据能量管理规则,在数据字暂停段期间控制感应链路信号。
申请人:MED-EL电气医疗器械有限公司
地址:奥地利因斯布鲁克
国籍:AT
代理机构:中原信达知识产权代理有限责任公司
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DCS系统在制药行业中的应用案例解析制药行业对于产品质量和生产过程的严格控制要求,使得自动化控制系统在该行业的应用越来越重要。
其中,分布式控制系统(DCS)作为一种集散式的实时控制系统,已经在制药行业中得到广泛应用。
本文将通过对几个实际的应用案例的解析,探讨DCS系统在制药行业中的具体应用和优势。
案例一:药品生产过程监控与调节在制药行业中,药品生产过程的监控与调节是至关重要的。
通过DCS系统,制药厂能够实现对关键参数的实时监测和调节,从而保证药品的质量和稳定性。
以某药品制造过程为例,该过程涉及多个反应器、加热设备和搅拌器,需要严格的温度、压力和浓度控制。
通过DCS系统,所有设备可以集成在一个控制平台上,操作员可以通过该平台监测每个设备的状态,并根据实时数据进行调节。
此外,DCS系统还可以实时记录和存储历史数据,以供后续分析和回顾。
案例二:清洁验证与可追溯性在制药行业,清洁验证和可追溯性是确保产品质量和安全性的重要环节。
DCS系统通过在生产过程中实时记录和存储各个阶段的操作数据,能够提供可追溯的证据。
举例来说,某制药公司生产一种注射剂,每个产品批次都需要严格的清洁验证工作。
通过DCS系统,操作员可以实时监测和记录清洁过程中的各项参数,如清洁剂的浓度、流量和温度等。
这些数据可以被保存并与该批次产品绑定,以确保清洁验证的可追溯性。
案例三:异常报警和事故处理在制药行业中,异常报警和事故处理是确保生产线安全和稳定运行的重要环节。
DCS系统通过实时监测和分析系统中的各项参数,能够快速检测到异常情况,并及时发出报警。
举例来说,某制药厂的一台高温灭菌设备在操作过程中突然出现温度偏离设定值的情况。
此时,DCS系统会自动发出警报并将异常情况的详细信息发送给操作员。
操作员可以根据系统提供的信息进行快速的事故处理,以保证生产线的安全和产品的质量。
总结:DCS系统在制药行业中的应用案例表明,它在药品生产过程的监控与调节、清洁验证与可追溯性以及异常报警和事故处理等方面具有明显的优势。
在线式UPS电源在医疗设备领域的应用案例研究随着科技的不断进步和医疗技术的不断发展,医疗设备在诊断、治疗和监测领域中发挥着越来越重要的作用。
为了确保医疗设备的正常运行和患者的安全,稳定可靠的电源供应显得尤为重要。
在线式UPS(Uninterruptible Power Supply)电源在医疗设备领域的应用正在得到越来越广泛的关注和应用。
本文将通过一些具体的案例研究,探讨在线式UPS电源在医疗设备领域的应用以及其优势所在。
首先,我们来看一个常见的在线式UPS电源在医疗设备中的应用案例:手术室设备。
手术室是医院内最关键的区域之一,需要高度可靠的电源供应来确保手术过程的顺利进行。
在线式UPS电源可提供稳定的电压和频率,同时具备快速切换和纯蓄电池供电的能力。
在手术室发生停电或电压波动的情况下,UPS能立即接管电源,保证手术设备连续供电,避免手术中止或设备损坏。
同时,UPS电源的纯蓄电池供电功能可以为手术室设备提供足够的时间,以便将患者安全转移到备用电源上。
另一个案例研究是在监护设备中使用在线式UPS电源。
监护设备在病房和重症监护室中广泛使用,用于监测患者的生命体征和医学参数。
这些设备对稳定的电源供应要求较高,以确保准确的监测结果和患者的安全。
在线式UPS电源可以过滤电力网络中的噪声和干扰,并提供稳定的电压输出,确保监护设备运行的稳定性和准确性。
同时,UPS还可以应对突发的停电或电压波动,保障设备连续运行。
这对于监测重症患者的生命体征和医学参数至关重要,能够帮助医生及时作出诊断和治疗的决策。
除了手术室设备和监护设备,在线式UPS电源在医疗设备领域中的应用还包括诊断设备、实验室设备和医疗图像设备等。
在核磁共振(MRI)和计算机断层扫描(CT)等诊断设备中,UPS电源能够提供给设备稳定的电源,避免因电力网络波动导致的图像质量下降或设备故障。
实验室设备,如生化分析仪器和细胞培养箱等,也需要稳定的电源供应以确保实验结果的准确性和真实性。
STM的医疗设备应用案例这是一个医疗行业中的一个案例,涉及到STM(传感和管理技术)的应用。
STM作为一种先进的技术,已经在医疗设备领域取得了很多应用和成效。
在这个案例中,我们将介绍STM在医疗设备中的具体应用和其带来的优势。
非侵入性血糖监测仪血糖监测对于糖尿病患者来说至关重要,传统的测量方法需要通过采集血液样本,并使用昂贵的试剂盒进行化学分析。
然而,这种方法既不方便又痛苦。
STM公司开发了一种基于无线传感器技术的非侵入性血糖监测仪,极大地改善了患者的体验。
这种非侵入性血糖监测仪通过纳米传感器和无线通信技术实现了对血糖水平的实时监测。
患者只需要将传感器贴在皮肤上,即可获取连续的血糖数据。
这种监测仪不需要抽血,对皮肤没有刺激,并且可以在不同时间点进行监测。
它大大提高了患者的生活质量,并且可以帮助医生更准确地制定治疗方案。
远程心电监测系统心电监测是心血管疾病诊断的重要手段之一。
传统的心电监测需要借助庞大的设备和专业技术人员,限制了监测的场所和时间。
STM公司开发了一种基于远程传感技术的心电监测系统,改变了传统监测的方式。
这个远程心电监测系统由一个微型传感器和一个移动设备组成。
患者只需要佩戴传感器,将数据通过移动设备传输给医生。
医生可以随时随地对患者的心电数据进行监测和分析。
这种系统不仅方便了医生,还减轻了患者的负担,同时提供了更及时的诊断和康复方案。
可穿戴监测设备近年来,可穿戴设备在医疗领域中得到了广泛应用。
STM公司开发了一种可穿戴监测设备,用于监测患者的生命体征和活动情况,包括心率、血氧饱和度、呼吸频率等。
这种可穿戴设备轻便舒适,患者可以长时间佩戴,实时监测生命体征。
同时,该设备与移动设备或云服务器连接,医生可以通过网络远程监测患者的健康状况并提供及时的指导和治疗建议。
这种可穿戴监测设备为患者提供了便利,并改善了医生的监护能力。
结论STM的医疗设备应用案例为病患和医生带来了很多便利和优势。
通过创新的传感和管理技术,STM在非侵入性血糖监测、远程心电监测以及可穿戴监测设备等领域取得了显著的成果。
VSC8584Application Note VSC8584 Family Revision A/B 1588 Timestamp Out-of-Sync (OOS) SummaryAugust 2017Contents1Revision History (1)1.1Revision 1.0 (1)2 1588 Timestamp Out-of-Sync (OOS) (2)2.1Loss of Timestamp Coherency (2)2.2Impact of Packet Size (3)2.3Impact of Link Status (3)2.4Impact of Local Time Counter Clock (4)2.5Impact of MACsec Datapath (4)2.6Impact on Revision A Silicon (4)3Software Recovery (5)3.1Recovery Procedure (5)3.2API Call (5)3.3Design Considerations (6)4Frequently Asked Questions (7)4.1Is the out-of-sync timestamp FIFO the one accessed by MDIO or read out by the SPI interface? ......74.2Can we write our own recovery method for the out-of- sync timestamp FIFO? (7)4.3Can we avoid changing the Microsemi PHY API software? (7)4.4Which 1588-capable VSC8584 family devices have OOS recovery API capability? (7)4.5Are there resource constraints on the 1588 timestamping engine for the OOS recovery routine? ....71Revision HistoryThe revision history describes the changes that were implemented in the document. The changes arelisted by revision, starting with the most current publication.1.1Revision 1.0Revision 1.0 was published in August 2017. It was the first publication of this document.2 1588 Timestamp Out-of-Sync (OOS)This document describes the susceptibility of the VSC8584 family of devices (revision A and B die) toincorrectly process timestamps within the IEEE 1588 block. When IEEE 1588 functionality is enabled, thedevice should process precision time protocol (PTP) frames by inserting or modifying timestamps withinthese packets. Certain link conditions, signal impairments, and protocol events can lead to a loss oftimestamp coherency, commonly termed out-of-sync (OOS). The methods and impact of entering OOSas well as the software mitigation and recovery routine are covered.The VSC8584 device family contains several part numbers, of which the VSC8584, VSC8582, andVSC8575 base part numbers have an IEEE 1588 block, and are therefore relevant to this document.Different revisions and grade devices exist within each base part number and are indicated by differentdash extensions (for example, VSC8584XKS-10). A device's full part number is visibly marked on the topof each package. The die revision can be determined by reading the last letter of the device's datecode,also printed on the top of the package. The die revisions A and B are impacted by the loss of timestampcoherency issue, and are addressed within this document.2.1Loss of Timestamp CoherencyThe VSC8584, VSC8582, and VSC8575 devices support the IEEE 1588 functionality by timestampingclassified frames with a timestamp based on a calibrated local time counter (LTC) located within thedevice. The classification of the frame can be based on various types of supported PTP encapsulations,such as PTPoE, PTP-over-IP, and so on.Timestamp coherency is impacted by several factors. Link conditions such as cable cuts, SFP pulls, auto-negotiations (ANEG), link flaps due to link reprovisioning, toggling the power-down management bit inMII register 0, or impairments may truncate packets. Signal impairments, especially to the referenceclock for the 1588 engine, will impact the engine's behavior and accuracy.Under normal operating conditions, the device will generate a timestamp upon reception of any packet,either at the MAC or media interface. Although every packet creates a timestamp, only PTP-classifiedpackets will require its timestamp for further processing. Timestamps of non-classified packets willtraverse the processor, but not be used. Based on the 1588 operating mode, PTP-related timestampsmay be directly inserted into PTP frames at a specific field location, and/or added to the correction fieldof the packet. The process for ingress PTP frames is the same as egress PTP frames. The scope of eachtimestamp is strictly local to the frame for which it is generated.For each frame reception, regardless of the classification, the following operations are expected: Push timestamp entry into the TSP_FIFO corresponding to frame reception on the media or MACinterface (depending on the direction: ingress or egress).Optional write of the timestamp from the head of the TSP_FIFO into the frame upon its departure.Pop the timestamp entry from the TSP_FIFO when the frame completes.Every time a start of frame is detected at the interface, a timestamp is generated and pushed into theTSP_FIFO, which will hold this entry until a pop operation is issued to pull the FIFO's next entry beforethe frame is written with this timestamp upon its departure from the 1588 processor. However, if forsome reason every frame received does not have a corresponding pop operation, the FIFO willaccumulate an extra timestamp, causing subsequent packets to be loaded with the incorrect timestamp.It is possible that link events such as link breaks, cable pulls, link flaps, or certain traffic interruptionsmay meet the defined criteria and cause the TSP_FIFO to go out-of-sync. Frames following an OOScondition will be timestamped with the time from past frames. This continues for every classified framethereafter, until the OOS condition is cleared.The following illustration shows the sequence of events relating to timestamps. It demonstrates twoOOS conditions as a result of short or runt frames that fail to induce a corresponding TSP_FIFO popoperation and the events that follow.Figure 1 • Timestamp Sequence2.2Impact of Packet SizeThe 1588 processor expects valid packets from the PCS/MAC in both directions, ingress and egress.These packets must be at least 64 bytes long for normal traffic. Short frames are typically a result of alink-down failure, traffic interruption due to fault signaling, or certain manual interventions such asenabling/disabling a loopback, enabling or disabling the MACsec datapath, or restarting autonegotiationduring live traffic.The 1588 processor initiates an internal start of frame (SOF) signal soon after receiving the preambleand start of frame delimiter (SFD) of a frame sequence. This signal writes the timestamp (TSP) relatingto that frame into a timestamp-storing FIFO (TSP_FIFO). An internal end of frame (EOF) signal is latertriggered by several possible events and causes the TSP to be removed from the TSP_FIFO.The 1588 processor handles short frames (shorter than 64 bytes) in different ways. The handling ofshort frames depends on a variety of factors that are specific to the detailed frame content presentedby the internal physical coding sublayer (PCS), but generally fall into the following three categories: Frames with 25 bytes or more (including preamble) are handled properly with a pair of internal SOF/EOF signal triggers inside the 1588 processor.Frames with 7 bytes or few (including preamble, with no SFD) are handled properly. Because theshort frame does not initiate an internal SOF signal due to missing SFD, the block does not initiate atimestamp.Frames with 8 bytes to 24 bytes (inclusive) may cause a loss of timestamp coherency. In this case, avalid internal SOF signal is created, thus a timestamp is entered into the TSP_FIFO, but the internalEOF signal generation is influenced by control characters, faults, and their location.As the “at-risk” short frames composed of 8 bytes to 24 bytes can only manifest in the presence of asystem fault condition, the remaining subsections cover those fault areas of concern.2.3Impact of Link StatusAs previously discussed, the positioning and handling of faults are a significant contributor to theinitiation of OOS. During a link transition from up to down or down to up, external factors (such as RJ45plug tension, optical module stabilization, SerDes lock and stabilization, and PCS synchronization) allresult in some amount of PCS-codeword chatter that may impact the MAC as well as assertion of link upor down by the PHY. During this chatter, fault codes may appear that affect the internal SOF/EOF signaltriggering inside the 1588 processor.As a result of such non-determinism, a link transition must be assumed fatal to the timestampcoherency of the 1588 processor.2.4Impact of Local Time Counter ClockThe local time clock is the primary clock to the 1588 processor logic. Signals are transferred from thePCS block into the 1588 processor, which operates in different clock domains. Synchronization logic isused to ensure proper signal transfer between domains. The SOF signal from the PCS domain isstretched to three words (24 ns) as it crosses to the 1588 processor domain. Assuming the lowestallowed 1588 processor clock frequency of 125 MHz (or an 8 ns period), if one edge is missed due to aglitch or intended clock transition, the second edge will still arrive within the 24 ns SOF pulse width, thusallowing the signal to correctly cross domains. If no edges occur during the 24 ns SOF pulse, the 1588processor domain will lose synchronization with the data path, resulting in a command FIFO errorknown as TSP_CMD_FIFO OOS.A local time clock error greater than two clock cycles must be assumed fatal to the timestampcoherency of the 1588 processor.Note: Because the local time counter (LTC) is based off the 1588 processor clock, any missing edges willresult in a LTC error (for instance, the time of day value). This error will continue until the counter isreloaded or updated.2.5Impact of MACsec DatapathThe MACsec datapath elements, including the processing engine and traffic control MACs, may affectthe internal SOF/EOF signal triggering inside the 1588 processor whenever the MACsec pipeline controlis reconfigured (for example, by bypassing elements of the MACsec pipeline). Order-of-operations andenabling features in the MACsec pipeline to prevent short frame propagation is essential to ensuretimestamp coherency through the 1588 processor datapath.User applications utilizing the MACsec datapath need to maintain correct order-of-operations by callingthe MACsec initialization functions before 1588 initialization functions during PHY configuration.Prevention of short frame propagation through the MACsec datapath is handled by the API. However,API revision 4.67.03 or newer is required for all of these capabilities.2.6Impact on Revision A SiliconRevision A devices (VSC8584XKS-10/13 and VSC8582XKS-10/13) are end-of-life products, superseded bythe pin-compatible revision B. With regards to all of the described potential losses to timestampcoherency within the 1588 processor logic, no recovery routine exists for revision A die. As a result,users of revision A devices must examine packet delay variation and/or slave offset from master (OFM)in both directions to assess the need for a reset in the event a timestamp coherence error has occurred.Because there is no alternative to hardware pin reset to recover OOS for revision A silicon, the ability toeliminate other factors that degrade PDV and OFM in the PTP system is paramount for revision Aapplications, to assess whether hardware reset of the PHY is necessary to recover PTP performance.3Software RecoveryThe software routine for revision B to recover from the OOS condition within the 1588 timestampingengine uses the on-chip Ethernet pattern generator (EPG) along with on-chip loopback modes toperform a full system recovery. A high-level description of the recovery algorithm is provided, along withresource reservations required of the host system in order to execute this recovery algorithm. Anyregister settings modified by the routine are saved at entry and restored prior to exit. The routineexecutes as a blocking process, preventing interruption by any other calls to the PHY API.This software routine is available in PHY API revision 4.67.03 or later releases. The following eventsshould be used to trigger the revision B device’s recovery API:Interruption of local time clock to the 1588 engine while traffic is flowing (assuming 1588 bypasswas not enabled during the interruption)3.1Recovery ProcedureThe initial steps of the VSC8584 software patch will isolate the targeted recovery port in the PHY so thattraffic ends in the 1588 egress block and by enabling MII isolate. The software routine utilizes register-controlled FIFO-clearing logic within the VSC8584 device in order to assure FIFO coherency within the1588 processor.The following transactions occur within the routine to recover the OOS condition within the 1588timestamping engine:EPG generates frames using test mode configuration.Frames are not transmitted on the MAC side (through the MII Isolate bit) or media side because thePHY datapath is isolated early in the routine.SW_POP_FIFO register commands are executed for the ingress and egress 1588 blocks to clear anyerrors in the 1588 FIFOs.Check that SW_POP_FIFO commands successfully completed; if unsuccessful, repeat recovery stepswhile packet mode datapath is enabled.Once complete, the EPG is disabled and the 1588 engine configuration is restored to the originalconfiguration programmed by the user PTP application, packet mode datapath is disabled (if OOSrecovery needed to enable it), and external frame traffic is re-enabled in the PHY datapath.3.2API CallThe software recovery API referenced in this application note does not require the user to addcompilation defines to include VSC8584 OOS recovery. The following compilation defines are alreadyenabled within the PHY API fileset in order to include the VSC8584 OOS Recovery code:VIPER_B_FIFO_RESET and VIPER_B_FIFO_RESET_API_CALL.With these compilation options, the call within the 1588 API for a user to execute the recovery is asfollows:vtss_rc vtss_phy_ts_viper_fifo_reset(const vtss_inst_t inst,const vtss_port_no_t port_no, const vtss_phy_ts_fifo_conf_t *fifo_conf)This function will in turn call other functions to perform the steps outlined in 5.1.1, depending upon theintended response. See the 1588 API header file, for a strict definition of the function arguments tovtss_phy_ts_viper_fifo_reset().Note: Direct calls from the user application are only needed in the operational situations outlined in thisdocument.The PHY API OOS recovery routine may execute twice-in-a-row whenever it is called from theuser application.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 3.3Design ConsiderationsThe PHY API OOS recovery routine should never be called while the PHY is in packet mode (that is, when MACsec is enabled).The following sequence is appropriate for invoking the OOS routine if the device is configured in packet mode.Drop links on both the MAC and media interface of the PHY Enable 1588 bypass Shut down MACsec engine Disable 1588 bypass Call the OOS recovery routine Enable 1588 bypass Enable MACsec engine Disable 1588 bypass Restore links on both the MAC and media interface of the PHY.Note: The shutdown of the MACsec engine in step three shall be a complete deletion of the SecY for the physical port executing OOS recovery, as well as using the API with thevtss_macsec_init_set()enable parameter set to FALSE. Always refer to the MACsec Programming User Guide on the VSC8584 product page for the best programming practices for the MACsec engine.The software workaround for VSC8584 will drop both the MAC and media interface links during execution. No frame traffic will traverse the device while the workaround is executing. Execution time will vary based on MDIO utilization for a customer application, but typically will complete in less than500 ms per call to vtss_phy_ts_viper_fifo_reset().After execution all PHY configuration is restored to its original state programmed by the user PTP application, and external frame flow resumes.4Frequently Asked Questions4.1Is the out-of-sync timestamp FIFO the one accessed by MDIO or read outby the SPI interface?No. The FIFO is internal to the 1588 engine datapath and is not directly accessible through the PHYmanagement interface.4.2Can we write our own recovery method for the out-of- sync timestampFIFO?Microsemi will only support the recovery API referenced in this application note and provided byMicrosemi engineering.4.3Can we avoid changing the Microsemi PHY API software?Adding the software patch will require a software upgrade to the system.4.4Which 1588-capable VSC8584 family devices have OOS recovery APIcapability?The mapping of revisions is listed in the following table.Table 1 • VSC8584 Family Part NumbersPart Number Software OOS Recovery API AvailableVSC8584XKS-11YesVSC8584XKS-14YesVSC8582XKS-11YesVSC8582XKS-14YesVSC8575XKS-11YesVSC8575XKS-14YesVSC8584XKS-10NoVSC8584XKS-13NoVSC8582XKS-10NoVSC8582XKS-13No4.5Are there resource constraints on the 1588 timestamping engine for theOOS recovery routine?No elements of the VSC8584 1588 timestamping engine need a pre-determined configuration in orderto properly execute the OOS recovery routine.Microsemi HeadquartersOne Enterprise, Aliso Viejo,CA 92656 USAWithin the USA: +1 (800) 713-4113Outside the USA: +1 (949) 380-6100Sales: +1 (949) 380-6136Fax: +1 (949) 215-4996Email:***************************© 2017 Microsemi. All rights reserved. Microsemi and the Microsemi logo are trademarks of Microsemi Corporation. All other trademarks and service marks are the property of their respective owners.Microsemi makes no warranty, representation, or guarantee regarding the information contained herein or the suitability of its products and services for any particular purpose, nor does Microsemi assume any liability whatsoever arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit. The products sold hereunder and any other products sold by Microsemi have been subject to limited testing and should not be used in conjunction with mission-critical equipment or applications. Any performance specifications are believed to be reliable but are not verified, and Buyer must conduct and complete all performance and other testing of the products, alone and together with, or installed in, any end-products. Buyer shall not rely on any data and performance specifications or parameters provided by Microsemi. It is the Buyer's responsibility to independently determine suitability of any products and to test and verify the same. The information provided by Microsemi hereunder is provided "as is, where is" and with all faults, and the entire risk associated with such information is entirely with the Buyer. Microsemi does not grant, explicitly or implicitly, to any party any patent rights, licenses, or any other IP rights, whether with regard to such information itself or anything described by such information. Information provided in this document is proprietary to Microsemi, and Microsemi reserves the right to make any changes to the information in this document or to any products and services at any time without notice.Microsemi, a wholly owned subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc. (Nasdaq: MCHP), offers a comprehensive portfolio of semiconductor and system solutions for aerospace & defense, communications, data center and industrial markets. Products include high-performance and radiation-hardened analog mixed-signal integrated circuits, FPGAs, SoCs and ASICs; power management products; timing and synchronization devices and precise time solutions, setting the world's standard for time; voice processing devices; RF solutions; discrete components; enterprise storage and communication solutions; security technologies and scalable anti-tamper products; Ethernet solutions; Power-over-Ethernet ICs and midspans; as well as custom design capabilities and services. Microsemi is headquartered in Aliso Viejo, California, and has approximately 4,800 employees globally. Learn more at www. .VPPD-04469。
浪潮通软:上海四药ERP应用案例百年老号的困惑上海四药的名头在制药行业还是很响亮的。
它的历史可以追溯到一个半世纪以前。
早在1866年,四药的前身“科发药厂”就已经开始经营西药,是上海较早的西药厂商。
今天的上海四药落户在浦东新区,经过长期的科研开发与生产经营,已发展成为以抗生素药物为主的原料药与制剂的开发、生产和销售的综合性大型企业。
随着经营规模的不断扩大,企业的内部管理出现很多漏洞,存在多种矛盾。
比如,应收款管理不善,有近两亿的应收款不能及时回收;销售在途无法统计,客户间应收款调换帐户没有记录,容易发生坏帐;采购物质没有货比三家,经常发生临时采购,采购成本没有有效控制;库存物质管理较为混乱,帐本上没有真实反映实际库存的数量、金额;等等。
如何妥善地解决这些问题,成为四药发展过程中解不开的结。
有多少流程可以重来?实际上,上海四药的信息化建设起步还是比较早的。
最早上的是财务,后来,也请人开发过DOS版的销售等系统,虽和ERP的理论不太沾边,但用起来还是没有问题。
而且,在当时的情况下,也算是不错的。
但由于仓促上马,缺乏整体规划,信息不畅,各自为政,虽花钱不少,却没有达到预期的效果。
而且由于后续开发、服务等等跟不上,版本老化、金税无法接口等问题又摆到了桌面上。
到底怎么做?是在现有基础上继续改进还是推倒现在重新开始?四药面临着又一次选择。
公司的大多数人都不愿放弃现有的系统,觉得现状也能维持,何苦多此一举。
更何况,更换新的系统就意味着打破他们已经熟悉的流程和惯性,业务流程的重组具有太大的风险,弄不好就会一地鸡毛,无法收拾,谁愿意冒这个险?一个人的舞台只有总经理周月宝不这样想。
他认为,要兴利,就必先除弊,现有的系统无论从设计平台还是技术路线都已经非常落后,再怎么改造也不会有质的飞跃,就象在摊塌的地基上垒房,水平再好又能垒多高?要想使ERP不成为企业永远的痛,就必须下决心,忍一时之痛。
为此,他力排众议,即使孤军奋战,也绝不让步。
美国医疗保障信息采集与利用做法与经验总结郭海红①代涛* 胡红濮①李亚子①*通讯作者:中国医学科学院医学信息研究所,100020,北京市朝阳区雅宝路3号①中国医学科学院医学信息研究所,100020,北京市朝阳区雅宝路3号摘要老年医疗保险(Medicare)、穷人医疗补助(Medicaid)与儿童健康保险(CHIP)是美国政府主办的医疗保障,均由医疗保险与医疗补助服务中心(CMS)具体经办管理。
本文对这三项医疗保障制度在国家层面的信息采集与利用做法进行了详细调研,包括各类信息系统的建设背景、政策依据、信息源、采集内容与频率、信息用途等,以及CMS所采取的隐私保护政策,为我国在国家层面采集与利用医疗保障信息提供参考。
关键词医疗保障信息采集信息利用隐私保护美国美国是唯一没有建立全国统一的、强制性的健康保障制度的发达国家,其医疗保险以商业健康保险为主,政府主办的医疗保险主要包括老年医疗保险(Medicare)、穷人医疗补助(Medicaid)与儿童健康保险(CHIP)[1]。
Medicare是一个全民性保险计划,主要向65岁及以上老年人提供住院保险和指定药品的保险覆盖。
Medicaid由州政府与联邦政府联合投资,主要对穷人提供医疗保障。
CHIP也由联邦和州联合提供,旨在扩大对家庭收入高于Medicaid准入条件而又不足以购买商业健康保险的儿童的保险范围[2]。
卫生与人类服务部(HHS)负责监督与管理Medicare、Medicaid与CHIP,下设医疗保险与医疗补助服务中心(CMS)具体经办管理。
CMS主要通过Medicaid统计信息系统(MSIS)、Medicaid和CHIP预算和支出系统(MBES/CBES)、卫生保健集成总账会计系统(HIGLAS)、电子文件提交系统(esMD)等采集和利用医疗保障信息[3]。
1 美国医疗保障信息采集及用途1.1医疗补助统计信息系统1972年公法(Public Law 92-603)规定每个州都必须建立Medicaid管理信息系统(MMIS),以实现电子化的索赔处理和信息检索。
PLC在生物制药中的应用案例随着科技的不断发展,自动化控制技术在各行各业得以广泛应用。
在制造业中,PLC(可编程控制器)已成为常见的自动化设备。
而在生物制药领域,PLC在生产制造和过程控制中也具有重要作用。
PLC在生物制药制造中的应用具体案例如下:一、发酵过程控制在生物制药生产中,微生物发酵是一个关键的生产过程,它的稳定性和有效性对产品质量具有直接影响。
PLC在发酵过程控制中也得到了广泛应用。
PLC通过实时监测反应物的 pH 值、温度、氧气浓度等指标,调节机器的控制阀门,保持反应体系的平衡。
同时,PLC还可以根据发酵过程控制的参数进行反应动力学计算和预测,减少制造过程中的调节负担,提高产品质量和生产效率。
二、固体颗粒料混合控制在生产过程中,固体颗粒料的混合是生产过程中必不可少的一环。
过去,混合的工作通常是由“人工”完成的,效率极低,而且挥发性高的“药材”还有安全隐患。
通过PLC对颗粒料的调节和控制,可以实现自动混合和配比。
PLC 还能够检测混合后颗粒料的体积、重量、密度等特征参数,确保各种原材料的混合配比准确无误。
三、电气控制系统PLC可以用于电气控制系统的设计和建设,从而提高设备的安全性和有效性,降低设备维护费用。
在疫苗及血浆制备过程中,PLC被应用到控制电气传动装置、气动装置等控制环节中,以保障产品的合格率。
同时,PLC还能够实现报警和自诊功能,使设备遇到问题时及时停止,避免影响生产过程。
综上所述,PLC在生物制药中的应用举足轻重。
通过PLC在生产制造和过程控制中的应用,可以提高工作效率和生产效率,确保生产过程自动化和标准化,提高制药企业的竞争力和市场话语权。
欧美药物警戒中电子化医疗保健数据的应用研究王玲【期刊名称】《中国药物警戒》【年(卷),期】2015(000)003【摘要】Objective To provide thought and references for the promotionof ADR monitoring in China. Methods Study on the current state and the practical application by using of data from electronic healthcare recordsfor pharmacovigilance. The shortcomings were summarized and analyzed, suggestions on improving ADR monitoring and post-marketing clinical studies were put forward based on HIS. Results&Conclusion It can get data from the real world to carry out the ADR monitoring by using the HIS, improving the quality of ADR reporting at source and reducing the omission.To strengthen active surveillance can make up for the inadequacy of spontaneous reporting. It is a good way to improve the quality and the value of ADR monitoring. We should draw lessons from foreign advanced experience and technology, strengthen the HIS construction and information comprehensive utilization.%目的:为进一步促进我国药品不良反应监测工作提供思路和参考。
跨越成功之门——福建电力营销决策支持系统选用EMC
CLARiiON4500系统及解决方案
筱月
【期刊名称】《中国计算机用户》
【年(卷),期】2003(000)006
【摘要】福建电力营销决策支持系统是由福建亿力电力集团组建并开发出来的拥自自主知识产权的全国第一套电力营销系统。
福建电力营销决策支持系统的投入生产,使福建一跃成为全国最早在全省供电单位普遍运用电力营销统一软件的省份。
【总页数】1页(P29)
【作者】筱月
【作者单位】《中国计算机用户》记者
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】TP393
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3.EMC助福建电力跨越成功之门--福建电力营销决策支持系统选用EMC ClARiiON4500 [J],
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GPRS信号监测装置调试
硬件接线图
一、ADAM-4117参数设置
1.将ADAM-4117模块右侧开关拨至INIT(配置状态);
2.打开调试软件Utility,选择相应的串口号,右击选择Search,出现对话框(图a),点击Start,直至搜索到模块()后点击Cancel;
图a
3.点击4117(*),配置并保存相应参数,如图(b)。
点击右上角的“Applychange”保存设置到模块的芯片里。
图b
二、宏电H7710GPRSDTU模块参数设置
1.断电,打开调试软件sscom32.exe,选择相应串口号,设置相应参数如图c(修改参数的波特率一直为57600);
图c
2.按住空格键,通电,直至出现图d现象;
图d
3.按照帮助指示输入“H”,出现主菜单(图e),输入“C”,再输入密码“1234”,回车,进入DTU配置(C)菜单(图f);
图e图f图g
4.输入“3”,进入“数据服务中心设置(DSC)”菜单(图g),
输入“1”,配置“DSCIP地址”,
;输入“2”,配置“DSC域名”;
(注:若已配置固态IP地址,则无需配置域名,即配置域名时按回车键即可;若使用动态IP地址,则将IP地址设为0.0.0.0,域名改为相应的域名地址)
输入“3”,配置“DSC通讯端口”,端口号自己定义,但必须与读取时端口号设置一致;
输入“4”,配置“DNSIP地址”,
,一般设为主站的DNSIP地址;输入“r”,保存设置输入Y或者N。
5.输入“4”进入“用户串口设置”菜单(图h)
图h图i
输入“1”,配置波特率(图i),一般采用9600bps,故输入“4”,再输入“r”
返回菜单;
输入“2”,配置数据位,一般设为8;
输入“3”,配置校验位,一般设为无校验位,故输入“1”,再输入“r”返回菜单;
输入“4”,配置停止位,一般设为1;
输入“r”,返回主菜单。
6.输入“5”,进入“特殊选项设置”菜单(图j)
图j
输入“6”,配置“通讯协议选择(透明0/DDP协议1)”
,一般选择透明,故输入“0”;
输入“7”,配置“网络连接方式(UDP0/TCP1)”
,一般采用TCP连接方式,故输入“1”;
输入“r”,再输入“r”返回主菜单。
7.输入“D”,查看配置参数情况,检查是否正确。
(也可在各个次菜单里输
入“D”查看各分支参数情况)
8.测试,一直输入“r”,直至出现汉字,再将测试软件的波特率改为9600bps,
开始测试,若显示图k的情况,则说明配置正确。
图k
三、虚拟串口设置
1.打开虚拟串口软件VSPM;
2.选择<虚拟串口管理>-><新增虚拟串口>,(图L);
图L
3.输入指定虚拟串口信息(图m);
串口号(可随便设置):AdamApax软件搜索出来的串口号(即第一步中的串口号),若无此串口号选择,需要将RS-485连接线拔去;
远程服务器IP地址:
远程服务器监听端口:上面设置的DSC通讯端口号;
图m
然后点击设置,选择工作模式,即。
四、KEPServerEx设置
1.打开软件KEPServerEx;
2.创建Channel;
在左窗口空白处右击——选择“NewChannel”——出现对话框,选择“下一步”——选择协议“ModbusSerial”(图n)“下一步”——设置相应参数(必须与之前设置相对应,图O)“下一步”——“下一步”——“完成”。
图n
图O
3.创建Device;
右击新创的“Channel”——选择“NewDevice”——出现对话框,选择“下一步”——选择“Modbus”协议——设置DeviceID号(即为ADAM4117中所设地址号,默认为8,图p),“下一步”——设置数据发送时间等参数(图q)——“下一步”——“完成”。
图p
图q
4.创建TegProperties;
在右窗口右击,选择“NewTegProperties”,出现图R窗口,设置相应参数(Modbus 地址从400001开始)。
图R
5.点击菜单栏中按钮,查看数据发送情况。
(图s)
图s。