Pre-class Test 4

新概念英语Pre-UNIT4答案1、If you know the answer, _______ your hand, please. [单选题] *A. put up(正确答案)B. put downC. put onD. put in2、38．These workers ___________ this bridge since one year ago. [单选题] * A．buildB．are buildingC．have built (正确答案)D．built3、She was seen _____ that theatre just now. [单选题] *A. enteredB. enterC. to enter(正确答案)D. to be entering4、25．A watch is important in our life. It is used for ______ the time. [单选题] * A．telling (正确答案)B．sayingC．speakingD．holding5、32．There are about __________ women doctors in this hospital. [单选题] * A．two hundred ofB．two hundreds ofC．two hundredsD．two hundred (正确答案)6、Let us put the matter to the vote,（）? [单选题] *A. will youB. can weC. may ID. shall we(正确答案)7、If it _______ tomorrow, I won’t go there. [单选题] *A. rains(正确答案)B. is rainingC. will rainD. would rain8、____ is standing at the corner of the street. [单选题] *A. A policeB. The policeC. PoliceD. A policeman(正确答案)9、Tony is a quiet student, _______ he is active in class. [单选题] *A. soB. andC. but(正确答案)D. or10、How _______ it rained yesterday! We had to cancel(取消) our football match. [单选题] *A. heavily(正确答案)B. lightC. lightlyD. heavy11、_____ the project, we'll have to work two more weeks. [单选题] *A. CompletingB. CompleteC. Having completedD.To complete(正确答案)12、As for the quality of this model of color TV sets, the ones made in Chine are by no means _____ those imported. [单选题] *A inferior thanB less inferior toC less inferior thanD. inferior to(正确答案)13、_______ hard, _______ you’ll fail in the exam. [单选题] *A. Studying; forB. Study; or(正确答案)C. To study; andD. Study; and14、Grandfather lives with us. We all _______ him when he gets ill. [单选题] *A. look after(正确答案)B. look atC. look forD. look like15、20．Sometimes it often rains ________ in my hometown in summer. [单选题] * A．heavyB．hardlyC．heavily(正确答案)D．strongly16、The reason why I didn't attend the lecture was simply（）I got a bad cold that day. [单选题] *A. becauseB. asC. that(正确答案)D. for17、26．—Mary, is this your pen?—No, it isn't. ________ is black. [单选题] *A．MyB．IC．MeD．Mine(正确答案)18、( )Keep quiet, please. It’s ________ noisy here. [单选题] *A. many tooB. too manyC. too muchD. much too(正确答案)19、My sister gave me a _______ at my birthday party. [单选题] *A. parentB. peaceC. patientD. present(正确答案)20、I like booking tickets online，because it is _______. [单选题] *A. boringB. confidentC. convenient(正确答案)D. expensive21、I have worked all day. I'm so tired that I need _____ . [单选题] *A. a night restB. rest of nightC. a night's rest(正确答案)D. a rest of night22、No writer will be considered（）of the name until he writes a work. [单选题] *A. worthlessB. worthy(正确答案)C. worthwhileD. worth23、What’s the point of going to school when I can’t do anything there? [单选题] *A. 时间B. 意义(正确答案)C. 方向D. 目标24、There may be something wrong with her _______. She can’t see things clearly. [单选题] *A. eyes(正确答案)B. earsC. mouthD. nose25、--Do you have a _______?--Yes, I _______ at a clothes store. [单选题] *A. work; workB. work; jobC. job; jobD. job; work(正确答案)26、The manager isn’t in at the moment. May I _______ a message? [单选题] *A. take(正确答案)B. makeC. haveD. keep27、I_____you that I had made the right decision. [单选题] *A.ensuredB.insuredC.assured(正确答案)D.for sure28、pencil - box is beautiful. But ____ is more beautiful than ____. [单选题] *A. Tom's; my; heB. Tom's; mine; his(正确答案)C. Tom's; mine; himD. Tom's; my; his29、Mary _____ be in Paris. I saw her just now on campus. [单选题] *A. mustn'tB. can't(正确答案)C. need notD. may not30、The manager gave one of the salesgirls an accusing look for her（）attitude towards customers. [单选题] *A. impartialB. mildC. hostile(正确答案)D. opposing。

最近项目上要用到FPGA，之前用的一直是verilog，后面换成了VHDL。

对ISE一窍不通啊，研究了一些testbench文件的编写，record一下。

借用一下博文/lovelink/item/ff34ce9b12f45988581461ac的话。

首先对TESTBENCH作一个形象一些的比喻吧，它就象是一个面包板（做过电路实验吧），他对外没有任何接口，但它要向要插在他上面的器件提供接口，这样才能正确的插入，还有它必须对插在它上面的器件提供正常的信号。

当然在它上面还必须要有这个器件。

这时就完成了一个TESTBENCH。

应该大概明白了其中的意思了吧。

好了，根据上面的比喻我们可以非常明确的知道一个TESTBENCH要写一些什么东西，首先它对外无接口，所以它的实体部分是空的。

在它上面要有相应的器件，所以在它的结构体中要申明我们要测试的器件，也就是component的申明。

还有就是它要对器件提供接口，所以它的结构体应该提供一些信号，并且要对这些信号进行正确的测试赋值。

当然还要进行一些插入工作，就是信号的对应工作。

这样一个TESTBENCH就完成了。

原理很简单的，应该很容易明白。

不过在真正的测试中可能不会用太多的这种方式吧，应该会选用测试向量吧，这个的准确性更高一些。

不过怎么样写测试向量，这到是一个有大学问的东西，因为当我们的管脚很多的时候，测试的向量数目是要心指数增长的，当然不可能把所有的情况都测试完成了，只有是测试其中的一部分，这儿怎么样写出有代表性的一组测试向量是很有学问的，应该说是研究的热点吧。

几个testbench要用到的重要语句：（1）wait：无限等待，表示永远挂起，对于汉语wait语句的进程来说，进程在一开始执行一次后面就不执行了；（2）wait on 信号表：敏感信号等待语句，等待敏感信号表中的信号发生变化才执行；（3）wait until 表达式：条件等待语句，当条件表达式中所含的信号发生了变化，并为true时，进程才脱离等待状态；（4）wait for 时间表达式：此语句中声明了一个时间段，从从执行到当前的wait语句开始，只要这个时间段内，进程处于等待状态，超过这段时间，进程自动恢复执行该等待语句的下一条语句。

class操作评估标准
1. 准确率（Accuracy）：准确率是分类正确的样本数占总样本数的比例。

它衡量了模型对所有类别的分类能力。

2. 精确率（Precision）：精确率是指模型在预测为正例的样本中，真正例的比例。

它衡量了模型对正例的判断准确性。

3. 召回率（Recall）：召回率是指模型成功预测为正例的样本占实际正例的比例。

它衡量了模型对正例的识别能力。

4. F1值（F1-score）：F1值是精确率和召回率的调和平均值，综合考虑了模型的准确性和识别能力。

5. 特定类别的评估指标（Specific Class Evaluation Metrics）：针对多类别分类问题，可以针对每个类别计算准确率、精确率、召回率等指标，以更细粒度地评估模型在不同类别上的表现。

6. 混淆矩阵（Confusion Matrix）：混淆矩阵是一种可视化工具，用于展示模型在每个类别上的分类结果。

它显示了真实类别和预测类别之间的关系，有助于分析模型的误分类情况。

7. ROC曲线（Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve）：ROC曲线是一种绘制真正例率（True Positive Rate）与假正例率（False Positive Rate）之间关系的图表。

它
可以帮助选择合适的分类阈值，并评估模型在不同阈值下的性能。

7: Paired SamplesData and explorationThis chapter considers the analysis of a quantitative outcome based on paired samples. Paired samples (also called dependent samples) are samples in which natural or matched couplings occur. In paired samples, each data point in one sample is matched to a unique data point in the second sample. An example of a paired sample is a pre-test/post-test study design in which a factor is measured before and after an intervention. Paired samples may also be achieved by matching individuals on personal characteristics such as age and sex.In contrast to paired samples, independent samples consider two or unrelated separate groups. Two samples are independent when the data points in one sample are unrelated to the data points in the second sample.It is important to differentiate between paired samples and independent samples. Consider two ways to study the effects of oral contraceptives on blood pressure. Using paired samples, we could take two measurements on individuals in the sample before and again after starting oral contractive. These data are paried because each data point associated with oral contraceptive use would be uniquely matched to the same individual when they were not taking oral contraceptives.We could also study the effects of oral contraceptives on blood pressure in two separate groups of women, one group taking the oral contraceptive and the other taking a placebo. In this instance, data are obtained from unrelated groups and data points in one sample would not be matched to the data points in the second sample.You might ask which type of sample is better, paired or independent? The paired sample offers the benefit of controlling for some of the extraneous factors that influence a woman’s blood pressure. However, sequential samples such as this may still be confounded by independent factors that differ over time. Health outcome may show changes over time due to the influence of these extraneous factors. On the other hand, independent sample have the benefit of having a concurrent control group. Perhaps the best design is a third option in which change within individuals is compared in two independent groups. Illustrative data (oatbran.sav).A study investigated whether oat bran lowers serum cholesterol levels. Fourteen individuals were randomly assigned a diet that included either oat bran or corn flakes. After two weeks on the initial diet, serum low-density lipoprotein levels (mg/dl) were measured. Each subject was then ‘crossed-over” to the alternate diet. After two-weeks on the second diet, low-density lipoprotein levels were was once again recorded. Data are shown on the next page:Illustrative data:ID CORNFLK OATBRAN DELTA1 4.61 3.840.772 6.42 5.570.853 5.40 5.85-0.454 4.54 4.80-0.265 3.98 3.680.306 3.82 2.960.867 5.01 4.410.608 4.34 3.720.629 3.80 3.490.3110 4.56 3.840.7211 5.35 5.260.0912 3.89 3.730.1613 2.25 1.840.4114 4.24 4.140.10We will refer to the CORNFLK data as sample 1 and the OATBRAN data as sample two. Subscripts are attached to summary statistics, so= 4.444 mg/dl and = 4.081 mg/dl.Further analysis requires the creation of a new variable to hold information about the difference within pairs. Let us call this variable DELTA. When creating DELTA values, it makes little difference whether you subtract sample 1 values from sample 2 values or vice versa. It is important, however, to keep track of the direction of the difference. Let DELTA = CORNFLK - OATBRAN. Positive values reflect higher LDL cholesterol on the corn flake diet. All further analyses are directed toward the DELTA variable. Statistics for DELTA are denoted with a subscript of :dn = 14 = 0.363 s = 0.4060d dExploratory graphs are useful in focusing our attention where it ought to be. Here’s a stemplot of the DELTA values:-0|240|0113340|667788(mmol/L)×1Notice that 12 of the 14 observations showed a decrease in LDL levels. The distribution is mound-shaped with no apparent outliers, with a median of 0.3 and range of !0.4 to 0.8.(7.1)dConfidence Interval for :d The parameter : in a matched pair study is the mean difference in responses to the two treatments within matched pairs of individuals in the entire population. The sample mean of DELTAestimates ths value.d We want to get a better sense of how well estimates the true value of : by calculating a confidenced interval for :The approach presented previously is used to calculate the confidence. The point estimate is surrounded d with a margin of error. The sample mean of DELTA is the point estimator of : The margin of error is based on a t critical value and the estimated standard error of the mean difference according to the following formula:n -1,1-"/2where t represents the 1!a/2 percentile on a t distribution with n !1 degrees of freedom and=.Illustrative example (oatbran.sav ), 95% confidence interval. For the illustrative data , n = 14,=d d d 0.363, s = 0.4060, and se == 0.1085. Therefore, 95% confidence interval for :is13, 1-(.05/2)= 0.3629 ± (t )(0.1085)13, .975= 0.3629 ± (t )(0.1085) = 0.3629 ± (2.16)(0.1085) = 0.3629 ± 0.2344 = (0.129, 0.597)We are 95% confident the true mean difference lies between 0.129 and 0.597.Illustrative example (oatbran.sav ), 90% confidence interval. For 90% confidence, use " = .10.The 90% confidence interval13, 1-.(10/2)13, .95= 0.3629 ± (t )(0.1085) = 0.3629 ± (t )(0.1085) = 0.3629 ± (1.77)(0.1085) = 0.3629 ± 0.1920 = (0.171, 0.555)We are 90% confident the true mean difference lies in this interval.(7.2)Hypothesis Test0d Hypotheses: Under the null, we expect no mean. The null hypothesis is H : : = 0. The alterative 1d 1d 1d hypothesis is either H : : < 0 (one-sided to left), H : : > 0 (one-sided to right), or H : : 0 (two-sided).Test statistic: The paired t statistic is:where represents the mean difference in the sample and . This test statistic has df = n !1.stat P-value: The t is converted to a P-value in the usual fashion. Use either the t table or a utility program 0(e.g., StaTable) for this purpose. Low P-value provide evidence against H .Significance (optional): The test is said to be significant at the alpha level of significance when P < ",0in which case H is rejected.dIllustrative example. We’ve established in mean decline in LDL cholesterol on oatbran is = 0.363 (n d = 14, and s = 0.4060).0d 1d •Hypotheses: H : : = 0 versus H : : 0d stat•Test statistic: The standard error of the mean difference se = = 0.1085, the t == 3.34, and df = 14 !1 = 13.stat 13..995 13..999 •P -value: The critical landmarks surrounding the t are t = 3.01 and t = 3.88.Therefore, the one-tailed P-value is less than 0.005 and more than 0.001. The two-sided 0.002 < P < 0.01. The precise P = 0.0053 (by computer). This provides good evidence 0against H .0•Significance (optional): Data are significant at the 0.01; reject H .Power0If H is false and we fail to reject it, we commit a type II error. The probability of a type II error is $, and the probability of avoiding a type II error is 1!$ or “power.”The approximate power of a t test at a = .05 (two-sided) is equal to, where )represents “a difference worth detecting,” s is the population standard deviation (or a reasonably good estimate of this value), and N (phi) is the area under a standard normal curve to the left of the value in parentheses.The difference worth detecting is the difference the investigator is looking for. It is a meaningfuldifference, and is up to the discretion of the investigator. In a study of an anti-hypertensives for instance,a drop of 10 mm Hg might be worth detecting, while a drop of 1 mm Hg might not be worth detecting. In a study on weight loss, a drop of 5 pounds might be meaningful in a population of runway models, but may be meaningless in a morbidly obese population. The amount of the difference worth detecting is a matter of the research.The N (z) function may require further explanation. This is the cumulative probability of z. For instance, f (0) = .5000, since half the area under the Z curve is to the left of 0, i.e., .As an additional example, f (!1.96) = .025, which looks like this:Illustrative example. We want to determine the power of a t test in which a mean difference of 2 is worth detecting. We study 30 observations, and prior studies suggests the variable being studied has a standard deviation of 6. What is the power of the study at " = .05 two-sided? ANS:. We use a Z table to determine that the area under the curve to the rightof !0.13 is 0.4483 (about 45%). This means the test had less than a 50/50 chance of revealing a significant difference of 2 (or more). A test should have at least 80% power. Thus, this test has inadequate power. Increasing the sample size of the study will increase its power.Sample Size Requirements (Optional)When planning a hypothesis test, we need to have an idea of an appropriate size to ensure sufficient power of the test before the study begins. Without such a plan, we might find out that the study had inadequate power to detect a meaningful difference. When conducting statistical tests, an adequate0sample size (n ) is one that will reject H at a given " level with adequate power (1!$) when a difference worth detecting ()) is present in the population.To determine adequate n , we must make the assumption that sampling distributional of the observed mean difference is normal. We must also present some reasonable assumption regarding the variability (F ) of the underlying variable. The value of F is generally unknown and must therefore be estimated from either (a) a preliminary (pilot) study, (b) previously published results from a similar population, (c) intuition, or (d) other past experience.Given these assumptions, the sample size needed to detect a difference of ) at " = .05 (two-sided) for 80% power is equal to(/~gdallal/SIZE.HTM).Illustrative example. To detect ) = 2 for a variable with F = 6, you need n = [(16)(6²) / 2²] + 1 = 145.。

1. ScopeThis specification is applied to Multilayer Ceramic Chip Capacitor(MLCC) for use in electric equipment for the voltage is ranging from 4V to 50V.The series suitable for general electrics circuit, telecommunications, personal computers and peripheral, power circuit and mobile application. (This product is compliant with the RoHS & HF.)2. Parts Number Code3. Nominal Capacitance and Tolerance3.1 Standard Combination of Nominal Capacitance and ToleranceClass CharacteristicTolerance Nominal CapacitanceⅡX7RK (± 10.0 %)E-3, E-6 series3.2 E series(standard Number) Standard No.Application CapacitanceE- 3 1.02.24.7E- 6 1.0 1.52.23.34.76.8E-12 1.0 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.2 2.7 3.3 3.9 4.7 5.6 6.8 8.2 E-241.0 1.2 1.5 1.82.2 2.73.3 3.94.75.66.8 8.2 1.1 1.31.62.02.43.0 3.64.35.16.27.5 9.14. Operation Temperature RangeClassCharacteristic Temperature Range Reference Temp.Ⅱ X7R (X)-55 ~ +125℃℃25℃5. Storage ConditionStorage Temperature ：5 to 40℃ Relative Humidity ：20 to 70 % (6)Rated Voltage Code Rated Voltage (Vdc)05050 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (1)ProductProduct CodeC Multilayer Ceramic Chip Capacitor(3)Temperature Characteristics Code Temperature Characteristic Temperature Range Temperature Coefficient X X7R -55℃~+125℃ ± 15% (4)Capacitance unit :pico farads(pF)Code Nominal Capacitance (pF) 104 100,000.0 ※. If there is a decimal point, it shall be expressed by an English capital letter R(5)Capacitance Tolerance Code Tolerance Nominal CapacitanceK ± 10.0 % More Than 10 pF (7)TappingCode TypeT Tape & Reel(2)Chip Size Code Length×Width unit : mm(inch) 06031.60× 0.80 (.063× .031)6. Dimensions6.1 Configuration and Dimension ：Unit:mmTYPE LW TB (min)BW (min) 06031.60± 0.100.80± 0.100.85± 0.150.400.156.2 Termination Type ：External Electrodes BarrierInner ElectrodesPolymer Electrodes (If applicable)7. PerformanceWhen operating at temperature range from 100℃to 125℃, the operation shall be carried out at a derating voltage or less as shown belowFig.1P.C. Board for Bending Strength TestMaterial : Glass Epoxy Substrate: Solder ResistTest SubstrateMaterial : Glass Epoxy Substrate: Copper (Thickness : 0.035mm)Thickness : 1.6 mmUnit:mmType A B C 0201 0.2 0.9 0.4 0402 0.5 1.5 0.6 0603 1.0 3.0 1.0 0805 1.2 4.0 1.6 1206 2.2 5.0 2.0 1210 2.2 5.0 2.9 1808 3.5 7.0 2.5 1812 3.5 7.0 3.7 2208 4.5 8.0 2.5 2211 4.5 8.0 3.0 22204.58.05.68. Packing8.1 Bulk PackingAccording to customer request. 8.2 Chip Capacitors Tape Packing8.3 Material And QuantityTape Material 0201 0402 0603/0805 T 0.≦33mm T 0.55mm ≦ T ≦1.00mm T ＞1.00mm Paper 15,000 pcs/Reel 10,000 pcs/Reel 4,000 pcs/Reel NAPlastic NA NA NA 3,000 pcs/ReelTape Material 1206T ≦1.00mm 1.00mm ＜T 1.25mm ≦T ＞1.25mmPaper 4,000 pcs/ReelNANAPlastic NA3,000 pcs/Reel2,000 pcs/ReelTape Material 1808/1210T ≦1.25mm1.25mm ＜T ≦2.40mmT ＞2.40mmPaper NANANAPlastic 3000 pcs/Reel2000 pcs/Reel500/1,000 pcs/ReelTape Material 1812/2211/2220 1825/2225 2208 T ≦2.20mm T ＞2.20mm T ≦2.20mm T ＞2.20mm T ≦2.20mm Paper NA NA NA NA NAPlastic 1000 pcs/Reel 700 pcs/Reel 700 pcs/Reel400 pcs/Reel 1000 pcs/Reel NA ：Not Available8.4 Cover Tape Reel Off Force8.4.1 Peel-Off Force5 g·f Peel ≦-Off Force 70 g ≦·f 8.4.2 Measure Method8.5 Paper TapeUnit:mm8.6 Plastic TapeUnit:mm TYPE A B C DE 0201 0.37± 0.1 0.67± 0.1 4.00± 0.1 2.00± 0.052.00± 0.10402 0.61± 0.1 1.20± 0.1 0603 1.10± 0.2 1.90± 0.2 4.00± 0.10805 1.50± 0.2 2.30± 0.2 1206 1.90± 0.2 3.50± 0.2 1210 2.90± 0.2 3.60± 0.2 TYPE FG H It0201 1.75± 0.103.50± 0.058.0± 0.30 φ1.50 +0.10/-0 1.10 max.0402 0603 0805 1206 1210Type A B C D E F 0805 1.5±0.2 2.3±0.2 4.0± 0.12.0± 0.054.0± 0.11.75± 0.11206 1.9±0.2 3.5±0.2 1210 2.9±0.2 3.6±0.2 1808 2.5±0.2 4.9±0.2 1812 3.6±0.2 4.9±0.2 8.0± 0.11825 6.9±0.2 4.9±0.2 2208 2.5±0.2 6.1±0.2 2211 3.2±0.2 6.1±0.2 2220 5.4±0.2 6.1±0.2 22256.9±0.26.1±0.28.7 Reel DimensionsReel Material ：PolystyreneType G H IJ t O 0805 3.5± 0.058.0± 0.3φ1.5+0.1/-03.0 max.0.3 max.1.0± 0.11206 1210 1808 5.5± 0.05 12.0 ± 0.3 4.0 max. 1.5± 0.11812 1825 2208 2211 2220 2225Type AB C DE W 0201 φ382 max φ50 min φ13± 0.5φ21± 0.82.0±0.510± 0.150402 0603 0805 1206 1210 1808 φ178±0.2 φ60±0.2 13±0.31812 1825 2208 2211 2220 2225Unit:mmPrecautionary Notes:1. StorageStore the capacitors where the temperature and relative humidity don’t exceed 40°C and 70%RH. Werecommend that the capacitors be used within 12 months from the date of manufacturing. Store the products in the original package and do not open the outer wrapped, polyethylene bag, till just before usage. If it is open, seal it as soon as possible or keep it in a desiccant with a desiccation agent.2. Construction of Board PatternImproper circuit layout and pad/land size may cause excessive or not enough solder amount on the PC board. Not enough solder may create weak joint, and excessive solder may increase the potential of mechanical or thermal cracks on the ceramic capacitor. Therefore we recommend the land size to be as shown in the following table: 2.1 Size and recommend land dimensions for reflow soldering2.2 Mechanical strength varies according to location of chip capacitors on the P .C. board.Design layout of components on the PC board such a way to minimize the stress imposed on the components, upon flexure of the boards in depanelization or other processes.Component layout close to the edge of the board or the “depanelization line” is not recommended. Susceptibility to stress is in the order of: a>b>c and d>eEIA Code Chip (mm) Land (mm) L W A B C D E 0201 0.60 0.30 0.2~0.3 0.2~0.4 0.2~0.4 -- -- 0402 1.00 0.50 0.3~0.5 0.3~0.5 0.4~0.6 -- -- 0603 1.60 0.80 0.4~0.6 0.6~0.7 0.6~0.8 -- -- 0805 2.00 1.25 0.7~0.9 0.6~0.8 0.8~1.1 -- -- 1206 3.20 1.60 2.2~2.4 0.8~0.9 1.0~1.4 1.0~2.0 3.2~3.7 1210 3.20 2.50 2.2~2.4 1.0~1.2 1.8~2.3 1.0~2.0 4.1~4.6 1808 4.60 2.00 2.8~3.4 1.8~2.0 1.5~1.8 1.0~2.8 3.6~4.1 1812 4.60 3.20 2.8~3.4 1.8~2.0 2.3~3.0 1.0~2.8 4.8~5.3 1825 4.60 6.35 2.8~3.4 1.8~2.0 5.1~5.8 1.0~4.0 7.1~8.3 2208 5.70 2.00 4.0~4.6 2.0~2.2 1.5~1.8 1.0~4.0 3.6~4.1 2211 5.70 2.80 4.0~4.6 2.0~2.2 2.0~2.6 1.0~4.0 4.4~4.9 2220 5.70 5.00 4.0~4.6 2.0~2.2 3.5~4.8 1.0~4.0 6.6~7.1 2225 5.70 6.354.0~4.62.0~2.2 5.1~5.8 1.0~4.07.1~8.32.3 Layout Recommendation3. Mounting3.1 Sometimes crack is caused by the impact load due to suction nozzle in pick and place operation.In pick and place operation, if the low dead point is too low, excessive stress is applied to component. This maycause cracks in the ceramic capacitor, therefore it is required to move low dead point of a suction nozzle to the higher level to minimize the board warp age and stress on the components. Nozzle pressure is typically adjusted to 1N to 3N (static load) during the pick and place operation.3.2 Amount of Adhesivea0.2mm min. b 70 ~ 100 µm cDo not touch the solder landExample : 0805 & 12064. Soldering4.1. Wave SolderingMost of components are wave soldered with solder at 230 to 250°C. Adequate care must be taken to prevent the potential of thermal cracks on the ceramic capacitors. Refer to the soldering methods below for optimum soldering benefits.Recommend flow soldering temperature ProfileTo optimize the result of soldering, proper preheating is essential: 1) Preheat temperature is too low a. Flux flows to easilyb. Possibility of thermal cracks2) Preheat temperature is too higha. Flux deteriorates even when oxide film is removedb. Causes warping of circuit boardc. Loss of reliability in chip and other componentsCooling Condition:Natural cooling using air is recommended. If the chips are dipped into a solvent for cleaning, the temperature difference (ΔT) between the solvent and the chips must be less than 100°C.4.2 Reflow SolderingPreheat and gradual increase in temperature to the reflow temperature is recommended to decrease the potential of thermal crack on the components. The recommended heating rate depends on the size of component, however it should not exceed 3°C/Sec.Recommend reflow profile for Lead-Free soldering temperature Profile (MIL-STD-202G #210F)Soldering Method Change in Temp.( )℃1206 and Under ΔT 190 ≦℃ 1210 and Over ΔT 130 ≦℃Soldering Method Change in Temp.( )℃ 1206 and UnderΔT ≤ 100~130 max.SolderingT e m p e r a t u r e (°C )T e m p e r a t u r e (°C )※ The cycles of soldering : Twice (max.)4.3 Hand SolderingSudden temperature change in components, results in a temperature gradient recommended in the following table, and therefore may cause internal thermal cracks in the components. In general a hand soldering method is not recommended unless proper preheating and handling practices have been taken. Care must also be taken not to touch the ceramic body of the capacitor with the tip of solder Iron.Soldering Method Change in Temp.( )℃1206 and Under ΔT 1≦50 ℃1210 and Over ΔT 130≦℃How to Solder Repair by Solder Iron1) Selection of the soldering iron tipThe required temperature of solder iron for any type of repair depends on the type of the tip, the substrate material, and the solder land size.2) recommended solder iron conditiona.) Preheating Condition：Board and components should be preheated sufficiently at 150°C or over,and soldering should be conducted with soldering iron as boards and components are maintainedat sufficient temperatures.b.) Soldering iron power shall not exceed 30 W.c.) Soldering iron tip diameter shall not exceed 3mm.d.) Temperature of iron tip shall not exceed 350°C to perform the process within 5 seconds.(refer to MIL-STD-202G)f.) Do not touch the ceramic body with the tip of solder iron. Direct contact of the soldering iron tip to ceramicbody may cause thermal cracks.g.) After soldering operation, let the products cool down gradually in the room temperature.5. Handling after chip mounted5.1 Proper handling is recommended, since excessive bending and twist of the board, depends on the orientationof the chip on the board, may induce mechanical stress and cause internal crack in the capacitor.Temperature(°C)200→Higher potential of crack Lower potential of crack ╳5.3 Mechanical stress due to warping a (a) Crack occurrence ratio will be in (b) Crack occurrence ratio will be in :Tensile Stress ╳6. Handling of Loose Chip Capacitor 6.1 If dropped the chip capacitor may c6.2 In piling and stacking of the P .C. bo may hit the chip capacitor mounted7. Safekeeping condition and period For safekeeping of the products, we re under humidity of 20 to 70% RH. The sing and torsion.be increased by manual separation.be increased by tensile force , rather than compressiv s○ :Compressive Stress tor may crack. .C. boards after mounting for storage or handling, the unted on another board to cause crack.we recommend to keep the storage temperature betwe The shelf life of capacitors is 12 months. ressive force.ess, the corner of the P .C. boardbetween +5 to +40°C and Crack。

UNIT ONE TALENTED (1) NAME___________________ TOTAL___________________PART ONE DICTATION1__________________________________ 2__________________________________ 3__________________________________ 4__________________________________ 5___________________________________ 6___________________________________ 7___________________________________ 8____________________________________ 9____________________________________ 10___________________________________ 11__________________________________ 12__________________________________ 13__________________________________ 14__________________________________ 15___________________________________ 16___________________________________ 17___________________________________ 18___________________________________ 19___________________________________ 20___________________________________PART TWO PARAPHRASING1, If you examined the birth certificates of every soccer player in a World Cup tournament, you would find an unusual tendency: elite soccer players are more likely to have been born earlier in the year than later.2, They’ve come to a rather startling conclusion: practice really does make perfect. What we call ‘talent’ is highly overrated, as expert performers are nearly always made, not born.UNIT ONE TALENTED (2) NAME___________________ TOTAL___________________PART ONE DICTATION1__________________________________ 2__________________________________ 3__________________________________ 4__________________________________ 5___________________________________ 6___________________________________ 7___________________________________ 8____________________________________ 9____________________________________ 10___________________________________ 11__________________________________ 12__________________________________ 13__________________________________ 14__________________________________ 15___________________________________ 16___________________________________ 17___________________________________ 18___________________________________ 19___________________________________ 20___________________________________PART TWO PARAPHRASING1, He may be mistaking maturity for ability but once chosen, those January-born players are the ones who, year after year, receive the training, the deliberate practice, the feedback – and have the accompanying self-esteem – that will turn them into elite players.2, The insight of the researchers can explain the riddle of why so many elite players are born early in the year.UNIT TWO MISUNDERSTANDINGS(1) NAME___________________ TOTAL___________________PART ONE DICTATION1__________________________________ 2__________________________________ 3__________________________________ 4__________________________________ 5___________________________________ 6___________________________________ 7___________________________________ 8____________________________________ 9____________________________________ 10___________________________________ 11__________________________________ 12__________________________________ 13__________________________________ 14__________________________________ 15___________________________________ 16___________________________________ 17___________________________________ 18___________________________________ 19___________________________________ 20___________________________________PART TWO PARAPHRASING1, Suddenly, a wave of water came through the open window and soaked me to the skin!2, It’s all meant to be fun, of course, but by that time I’d lost my sense of humour!3, The research also suggests that when it comes to choosing a life path, you should do what you love.UNIT TWO MISUNDERSTANDINGS(1) NAME___________________ TOTAL___________________PART ONE DICTATION1__________________________________ 2__________________________________ 3__________________________________ 4__________________________________ 5___________________________________ 6___________________________________ 7___________________________________ 8____________________________________ 9____________________________________ 10___________________________________ 11__________________________________ 12__________________________________ 13__________________________________ 14__________________________________ 15___________________________________ 16___________________________________ 17___________________________________ 18___________________________________ 19___________________________________ 20___________________________________PART TWO PARAPHRASING1, I’d heard that the chances of having a parachute malfunction are about one in 750,000 but on my third jump, I hit the side of the plane.2,The strings attached to the canopy got tangled around my legs. I tried to untie them but they were too tight.3, I’ve always had a fear of heights, so one day I volunteered for a jump course.UNIT THREE LEARNERS AND TEACHERS (1) NAME___________________TOTAL___________________PART ONE DICTATION1__________________________________ 2__________________________________ 3__________________________________ 4__________________________________ 5___________________________________ 6___________________________________ 7___________________________________ 8____________________________________ 9____________________________________ 10___________________________________ 11__________________________________ 12__________________________________ 13__________________________________ 14__________________________________ 15___________________________________ 16___________________________________ 17___________________________________ 18___________________________________ 19___________________________________ 20___________________________________PART TWO PARAPHRASING1, The classes offer a great full-body workout for those who want to stay in shape and include more exercise in their weekly routine.2,We offer hands-on learning of this important life skill, so you will be able to act confidently in various emergency situations requiring first aid.UNIT THREE LEARNERS AND TEACHERS (2) NAME___________________TOTAL___________________PART ONE DICTATION1__________________________________ 2__________________________________ 3__________________________________ 4__________________________________ 5___________________________________ 6___________________________________ 7___________________________________ 8____________________________________ 9____________________________________ 10___________________________________ 11__________________________________ 12__________________________________ 13__________________________________ 14__________________________________ 15___________________________________ 16___________________________________ 17___________________________________ 18___________________________________ 19___________________________________ 20___________________________________PART TWO PARAPHRASING1, Seeing his determination and dedication to teaching cleared my doubts.2,The secret of his success, he says is commitment3, From 10am to 4pm, he focuses on his own studies, then he races back to his village to welcome his students at 5pm.UNIT FOUR LOCAL KNOWLEDGE (1) NAME___________________ TOTAL___________________PART ONE DICTATION1__________________________________ 2__________________________________ 3__________________________________ 4__________________________________ 5___________________________________ 6___________________________________ 7___________________________________ 8____________________________________ 9____________________________________ 10___________________________________ 11__________________________________ 12__________________________________ 13__________________________________ 14__________________________________ 15___________________________________ 16___________________________________ 17___________________________________ 18___________________________________ 19___________________________________ 20___________________________________PART TWO PARAPHRASING1, The duration of her songs varied from concert to concert and was based on the interaction between singer and audience.2, But the particular significance of the fifth floor in Hrabal’s life and work has led some to wonder whether his death was an accident or suicide.UNIT FOUR LOCAL KNOWLEDGE (2) NAME___________________ TOTAL___________________PART ONE DICTATION1__________________________________ 2__________________________________ 3__________________________________ 4__________________________________ 5___________________________________ 6___________________________________ 7___________________________________ 8____________________________________ 9____________________________________ 10___________________________________ 11__________________________________ 12__________________________________ 13__________________________________ 14__________________________________ 15___________________________________ 16___________________________________ 17___________________________________ 18___________________________________ 19___________________________________ 20___________________________________PART TWO PARAPHRASING1, Also, for Dylan’s sake, don’t miss the well-stocked Hakuhinkan toy store in Tokyo.2,You go through an enormous red gate, then walk along a row of charming little shops to the temple. It’s a busy area, jammed with people.。

Screening for vector-borne disease IDEXX 4Dx® Plus Test clinical reference guideWith the IDEXX 4Dx ® Plus T est, a positive result can also be an indication of ticks and and the pathogens they carry. Know more with every resultdetect antibodies to these pathogens When you use the IDEXX 4Dx Plus T est as a screening tool, you maycarried by these ticks Anaplasmaphagocytophilum Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme disease)Ehrlichia ewingiiEhrlichia canis Anaplasma platysBabesia spp.Rocky Mountain spotted feverEhrlichia chaffeensis TularemiaRocky Mountain spotted fever STARIBartonella spp.Babesia spp.Ehrlichia canis Brown dog tickRhipicephalus sanguineusAmerican dog tickDermacentor variabilisBlack-legged tick (deer tick)Ixodes scapularis Ixodes pacificusLone star tickAmblyomma americanumRocky Mountain spotted fever TularemiaGeographic tickdistribution as of 20213that may also transmit other pathogens and infections to dogs and peopleLyme diseasebacterium Borrelia burgdorferi cases that have mild to severe disease.* S erology is typically used to diagnose Lyme disease. B. burgdorferi Did you know?•D ogs testing positive for antibodies to the C 6 peptide had 43% increased risk of having chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared to seronegative dogs.4• T he C 6 peptide used in the IDEXX 4Dx ® Plus Test and Lyme Quant C 6® Antibody Test does not cross-react with the antibody response to commercially available Lyme vaccines.5 • D ogs with seroreactivity to both B. burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum may have two times the risk of developing clinical illness than singularly infected dogs.2Borrelia burgdorferiPrimary vectorsIxodes scapularis or Ixodes pacificus Black-legged tick (deer tick)Pathology• Localizes in tissues of infected dogs • Synovitis (may be subclinical) • Lyme nephritisClinical presentationChronic infection with clinical signs that may present acutely:• Fever, anorexia• Polyarthritis, lameness• Rapidly progressive renal failure • Neurologic syndromesLaboratory abnormalities• Elevated C 6 antibody level ≥ 30 U/mL • May have proteinuria• M ay have IDEXX SDMA ® T est result > 14 µg/dLCKD monitoring• Chemistry panel with SDMA – R ecommended to evaluate forthe development of protein-losing kidney disease• Urinalysis with Reflex UPC – R ecommended to evaluate forproteinuria • CBC with blood film evaluation – R ecommended as part of aminimum databaseHeartworm diseaseDirofilaria immitis, the causative agent of heartworm disease, is transmitted when mosquitoes infected with D. immitis larvae feed on (or bite) a healthy dog. Heartworm disease has subtle or mild clinical signs in the early stages, making preventive measures so much more important—especially as advanced infection may result in death.Did you know?•D espite availability of monthly preventives, prevalence rates of canine heartworm have remained consistent nationwide.7•T he American Heartworm Society (AHS) and the Companion Animal Parasite Council (CAPC) recommend testing all dogs for both antigen and microfilariae annually.7,8•F or more information and current recommendations on treating canine heartworm disease, goto or . Dirofilaria immitisPrimary vectorMosquitoPathologyInfective larvae (L3) mature to adult worms in the heart and pulmonary arteriesClinical presentation Asymptomatic at first, later developing:• Mild, persistent cough• Lethargy• Exercise intolerance• Reduced appetite• Weight lossLaboratory abnormalities that may be seen • Eosinophilia• Azotemia• Increased liver enzymes• ProteinuriaAnaplasmaphagocytophilumAnaplasma platysPrimary vectorsIxodes scapularis Ixodes pacificusBlack-legged tick (deer tick)Rhipicephalus sanguineus (brown dog tick)PathologyInfects neutrophilsInfects plateletsClinical presentationCan present acutely:• F ever • Anorexia • Lethargy• Polyarthritis, lameness • Neurologic signsUsually minimal clinical signs, but some dogs may have:• F ever • Uveitis• Petechiae and ecchymoses • EpistaxisLaboratory abnormalities• Thrombocytopenia• Anemia• Lymphopenia• Increased liver enzymesOther findings may be seen:• Decreased albumin • Increased globulin• Increased ALP and ALT • Proteinuria• Decreased Urine SG • Increased UPC NotePrevious infection may not prevent reinfection and persistent infections are possible.9,10Canine anaplasmosisCanine granulocytic anaplasmosis is caused by the bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum (transmitted by the black-legged tick [deer tick]). Anaplasma platys (transmitted by the brown dog tick) is the cause of infectious cyclic thrombocytopenia.Did you know?•M any mammalian species, including humans, are susceptible to A. phagocytophilum infection. •D ogs coinfected with Anaplasma and other bacterial pathogens may have more complex disease presentations and respond more slowly to therapy.• A .platys infects canine platelets and is frequently seen as a coinfection with Ehrlichia canis .Canine ehrlichiosisCanine ehrlichiosis is caused by the bacteria Ehrlichia canis (transmitted by the brown dog tick) and Ehrlichia ewingii (transmitted by the lone star tick). Canine Ehrlichia infections may progress to the subclinical phase or may become chronic infections.Ehrlichia canisEhrlichia ewingiiPrimary vectorRhipicephalus sanguineus (Brown dog tick)Amblyomma americanum (Lone star tick)PathologyInfects monocytes Infects granulocytesClinical presentation• Fever, anorexia, lethargy • Bleeding disorders • Polyarthritis, lameness • Lymphadenomegaly • Neurologic signs• Fever, anorexia, lethargy • Polyarthritis, lameness • Neurologic signsLaboratory abnormalitiesNotePrevious infection may not prevent reinfection, and persistent infections are possible.12,14Did you know?• D ogs coinfected with E. canis and A. platys were found to have more severe anemia and thrombocytopenia than dogs with either single infection.11• I n a study of healthy dogs with antibodies to E. canis , 39% were thrombocytopenic.12• C hronic E. canis infections, if left untreated, can lead to bone marrow dysfunction or kidney disease.• D ogs with Ehrlichia antibodies in E. canis endemic areas had a 112% increased risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD).13CKD monitoring• Chemistry panel with SDMA - R ecommended to evaluate forsecondary kidney disease.• Urinalysis with UPC - R ecommended to evaluatefor proteinuria • CBC with blood film - R ecommended as part of aminimum database• Anemia• Thrombocytopenia • Hyperglobulinemia • ProteinuriaOther clinical findings may include:• Decreased albumin • Increased globulin• Mild increased ALT and ALP • Increased SDMA • Creatinine• Decreased urine specific gravity, proteinuria • Increased urine protein:creatinine (UPC) ratio.Serology and PCR for sick patients For dogs presenting with clinical signs consistent with a vector-borne disease, usingserology and PCR together improves your ability to make an accurate diagnosis.Serology Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)Measures Antibody response of host Nucleic acid (DNA) from pathogenBenefits Useful for screening as well as diagnosisof infection Specifically identifies pathogens indicating active infectionLimitations Clinical signs may precede a measurableantibody response A negative PCR result does not necessarily rule out infectionDogs with ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis may present with clinical signs at different times after infection. Which sick dog are you dealing with? Benefits and limitations of each diagnostic methodrecrudescence presents presents presentsWhen to use the IDEXX vector-borne disease RealPCR™ panels• S ick patients with clinical signsand/or laboratory abnormalitiesconsistent with a vector-borne illness• P atients with subclinical infectionsbased on history, physicalexamination, serology, and clinicallaboratory findings“No single test is sufficientfor diagnosing an infectious disease in a sick patient.”Edward Breitschwerdt, DVM, DACVIM*Professor, Internal MedicineCollege of Veterinary Medicine,North Carolina State University* D r. Breitschwerdt has a business relationship with IDEXX pursuant to which he receives compensation from IDEXX from time to time. The views expressed in this guide are solely those of Dr. Breitschwerdt.References1. G eneral guidelines: Parasite testing and protection guided by veterinarians [dog].Companion Animal Parasite Council website. /guidelines /general-guidelines. Updated July 29, 2020. Accessed November 17. 2021. 2. B eall MJ, Chandrashekar R, Eberts MD, et al. Serological and molecular prevalenceof Borrelia burgdorferi , Anaplasma phagocytophilum , and Ehrlichia species in dogs from Minnesota. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis . 2008;8(4):455–464. doi:10.1089/vbz.2007.0236 3. R egions where ticks live [maps]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website./ticks/geographic_distribution.html. November 17, 2021. 4. D rake C, Coyne M, McCrann DJ, Buch J, Mack R. Risk of development of chronickidney disease after exposure to Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma spp. T op Companion Anim Med. 2020;42:100491. doi:10.1016/j.tcam.2020.100491 5. O ’Connor TP , Esty KJ, Hanscom JL, Shields P , Philipp MT . Dogs vaccinatedwith common Lyme disease vaccines do not respond to IR 6, the conserved immunodominant region of the VlsE surface protein of Borrelia burgdorferi.Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2004;11(3):458–462. doi:10.1128/CDLI.11.3.458-462.2004 6. S traubinger RK. PCR-based quantification of Borrelia burgdorferi organisms in caninetissues over a 500-day postinfection period. J Clin Microbiol. 2000;38(6):2191–2199. doi:10.1128/JCM.38.6.2191-2199.2000 7. C APC prevalence maps: heartworm [dog]. Companion Animal Parasite Councilwebsite. /maps/#/2021/all-year/heartworm-canine/dog/united-states. Accessed November 17, 2021.8. A merican Heartworm Society. Current canine guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis,and management of heartworm infection in dogs . 2020. Accessed November 17, 2021. https:///images/pdf/AHS_Canine_Guidelines_11_ 13_20.pdf?1605556516 9. E genvall A, Lilliehöök I, Bjöersdorff A, et al. Detection of granulocytic Ehrlichia speciesDNA by PCR in persistently infected dogs. Vet Rec . 2000;146(7):186–190. doi:10.1136/vr.146.7.186 10. B reitschwerdt EB, Hegarty BC, Qurollo BA, et al. Intravascular persistence ofAnaplasma platys , Ehrlichia chaffeensis , and Ehrlichia ewingii DNA in the blood of a dog and two family members. Parasit Vectors . 2014;7:298. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-298 11. G aunt S, Beall M, Stillman B, et al. Experimental infection and co-infection of dogs withAnaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canis : hematologic, serologic and molecular findings. Parasit Vectors . 2010;3(1):33. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-3-33 12. H egarty BC, de Paiva Diniz PP , Bradley JM, Lorentzen L, Breitschwerdt E. Clinicalrelevance of annual screening using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay (SNAP 3Dx) for canine ehrlichiosis. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2009;45(3):118–124. doi:10.5326/0450118 13. B urton W, Drake C, Ogeer J, et al. Association between exposure to Ehrlichia spp.and risk of developing chronic kidney disease in dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc . 2020;56(3):159–164. doi:10.5326/JAAHA-MS-7012 14. S tarkey LA, Barrett AW, Beall MJ, et al. Persistent Ehrlichia ewingii infection indogs after natural tick infestation. J Vet Intern Med . 2015;29(2):552–555. doi:10.1111/jvim.12567 15. S nellgrove AN, Krapiunaya I, Ford SL, et al. Vector competence of Rhipicephalussanguineus sensu stricto for Anaplasma platys . Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2020;11(6):101517. doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2020.101517Depend on the most accurate and comprehensive screenSNAP 4Dx Plus T estReference-laboratory quality in the palm of your hand, for superior diagnostic accuracy at the pointof care.Lab 4Dx Plus T estAvailable from IDEXX Reference Laboratories as a stand-alone test or as part of a more comprehensiveparasite screen with the Fecal Dx Antigen Panel with Lab 4Dx Plus Test-Canine.SNAP ® technology uses a proprietary three-step process to deliver dependable sensitivity and specificity.Available in-clinic or from IDEXX Reference LaboratoriesStrengthen the bonds.IDEXX Laboratories, Inc.One IDEXX DriveWestbrook, Maine 04092United StatesAmerican dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis) photographer: Susan E. Ellis, USDA-APHIS-PPQ. Black-legged tick (Ixodes scapularis), lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum), and brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) photographer: James L. Occi.© 2022 IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. • 09-69074-13All ®/TM marks are owned by IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. or its affiliates in the United States and/or other countries. The IDEXX Privacy Policy is available at .。

爱尔兰的教育体制分为四个阶段近些年来，选择爱尔兰移民的人不断增加，随着移民政策的利好，相信会有更多的人愿意选择爱尔兰移民。

对于移民爱尔兰生活的人群而言，了解爱尔兰教育制度也是不可或缺的一部分，这与今后子女的教育有着严密的关系。

在此，86店铺为您介绍爱尔兰的教育情况。

爱尔兰的教育体制分为四个阶段1)学前教育 Pre-school：幼儿园在爱尔兰，孩子从0岁就可以开始学前教育。

家长可以选择自己中意的托儿所、幼儿园和一些启蒙班。

根据孩子的年龄不同，可选择相应的幼儿班：婴儿班(Baby Room)：3个月-14个月幼儿班(Wobbler Room)：14个月-2岁儿童班(Toddler Room)：2岁-3岁学前班/蒙特梭利班(Pre-School/Montessori)：3-5岁从2009年起，爱尔兰政府实行“儿童早期护理和教育规划”(ECCE)政策，在开始上小学之前，儿童有权享受免费一年(每天3小时)的学前教育。

2)初等教育 Primary Education：小学 Primary School爱尔兰的儿童大约4-5周岁时开始上小学，一般历时8年：初级幼儿班(Junior Infant)高级幼儿班(Senior Infant)一年级(1stClass)二年级(2ndClass)三年级(3rd Class)四年级(4th Class)五年级(5th Class)六年级(6th Class)爱尔兰小学基本上没有正式考试，初等教育强调以孩子为中心，提倡多样化教学、结合儿童自身身心发展阶段来实现个性化发展。

3)中等教育Secondary Education：中学 Secondary School爱尔兰的中学包括3年初中教育和2至3年高中教育。

中学一年级：1st Year中学二年级：2nd Year中学三年级：3rd Year过渡学年：Transition Year中学五年级：5th Year中学六年级：6th Year爱尔兰初中教育以取得中考毕业证书(Junior Certificate)作为结束。

Chemical Safety for Laboratory Users (Pre-class Assignment) Q1. Select ONE chemical that you will frequently use. Write down the name of the chemical, and how it is used in your work.n-HexaneQ2. Get a container of the selected chemical, read the label, and answer the following questions:a. What are the major hazards of this chemical (e.g. flammable, toxic,corrosive…etc)?Flammable, irritate to eyes and skinb. What other specific warnings are found on the container?ToxicQ3. On a campus computer, go to Library On-line System--Databases, under Science or Engineering, access either the Sigma-Aldrich or CCINFO Material Safety and Data Sheet (MSDS) database, and find the chemical you selected.Q4. Answer the following questions:a.List the synonyms of this chemical (see Section 1 or 2).Hexb.What are the major hazards according to the MSDS (Sect 3)?Extremely flammable liquid and vapor. Inhalation may cause central nervous system effects. Irritating to eyes and skin. May cause irritation of respiratory tract. Aspiration hazard if swallowed - can enter lungs and cause damage. Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure. Possible risk of impaired fertility. Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environmentc.What are the first aid measures for inhalation or skin contact (Sect 4)?Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water, also under the eyelids, for at least 15 minutes. Obtain medical attention.Skin Contact: Wash off immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.Obtain medical attention.d.If the chemical is identified as “flammable”, list the flash point, lower explosivelimit (LEL) and upper explosive limit (UEL) (Sect 5).LEL 1.1 vol% HEL 7.5 vol%e.List three things you should do in case of a spill of this chemical (Sect 6).Soak up with inert absorbent material.Keep in suitable and closed containers for disposal.Remove all sources of ignition.Use spark-proof tools and explosion-proof equipmentf.What are the occupational exposure limits (Sect 8 or 15)?TWA: 50ppmg.What personal protective equipment is recommended for handling this chemical(Sect 8)?Eye/face Protection: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166.Skin and body protection: Wear appropriate protective gloves and clothing to prevent skin exposure.Respiratory Protection: Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Use a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator if exposure limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced.h.List three of the toxicity data for this chemical (Sect 11).Carcinogenicity There are no known carcinogenic chemicals in this productSensitization No information available.Mutagenic Effects Mutagenic effects have occurred in experimental animals.Reproductive Effects Experiments have shown reproductive toxicity effects on laboratory animals.Developmental Effects Developmental effects have occurred in experimental animals.Teratogenicity Teratogenic effects have occurred in experimental animals..On a campus computer, go to Library On-line System--Databases, under Science, access Instant Glove + CPC Database, and find a glove material that suits the chemical you selected. Record the breakthrough time for the chemical to penetrate the glove material.Please bring the completed assignment sheet to the class or send the answer to our training email account : *************** . This is one of the requirements to pass the Chemical Safety Training. If you have any questions about this assignment, please contact Dr Samuel Yu at Ext 6547 or email SAMYU.MC07(Jan 09)。

Pre-unit Test 1A.1 He is busy.2 He is learning English.3 He has a new book.4 He lives in the country.5 He will see you tomorrow.6 He can understand you.7 He must write a letter.8 He may come next week.9 He does a lot of work every day.10 He did a lot of work yesterday.11 He played football yesterday.12 He bought a new coat last week.13 He has had a letter from Tom.14 He was busy this morning.15 He could play football very well when he was younger.16 He always tries to get up early.17 He might see you next week.18 He always enjoys a good film.19 He had finished his work before you came.20 He watches television every night.B.1 some 2 a 3 some 4 any 5 a 6 some 7 a 8 any 9 any 10 anyC.1 I haven’t got much butter.2 You haven’t got many cigarettes.3 We haven’t got much milk.4 She hasn’t got many biscuits.5 They haven’t got much stationery.D.1 bought 2 aired 3 lost 4 listened 5 emptiedE.1 Did he bought a new car? What did he bought ? He didn’t bought a new car.2 Can she come tomor row? When can she come? She can’t come tomorrow.3 Were they here yesterday? When were they here? They weren’t here yesterday.4 Must he leave early? Why must he leave early? He mustn’t leave early.5 Did he give you a pen? What did he give you? He didn’t give you a pen.6 Does he live next door? Where does he live? He doesn’t live next door.7 Do you know him well? How well do you know him? You don’t know him well.8 Has he found his pen? What has he found? He hasn’t found his pen.9 Did you see that film? When did you see that film? You didn’t see that film.10 Did he arrive at two o’clock? When did he arrive? He didn’t arrive at two o’clock.F.1 slowly 2 lazily 3 badly 4 carefully 5 suddenlyG.1 He’l l... 2 She’ll... 3I’ll... 4 He won’t... 5 We shan’t...H.1 his 2 mine 3 hers 4 theirs 5 yoursI.1 cooler 2 wetter 3 later 4 easier 5 more expensive 6 larger 7 more interesting8 prettier 9 more beautiful 10 more intelligentJ.1 yesterday 2 tomorrow 3 today 4 this afternoon 5 the day after tomorrow6 the day before yesterday7 last night8 next morning9 this morning 10 yesterday afternoonK.1 at 2 on 3 in 4 in 5 onL.1 over 2 under 3 across 4 along 5 on 6 in 7 off 8 between 9 into 10 out of M.1 Which 2 Who 3 Which 4 Who 5 WhichN.1 This is the car which the mechanic repaired yesterday.2 He is the man whom I invited to the party.3 These are the things which I bought yesterday.4 He is the man who came here last week.5 He is the policeman who caught the thieves.6 She is the nurse who looked after me.7 She is the woman whom I met yesterday.8 I am the person who wrote to you.9 They are the people whom I saw yesterday.10 They are the trees which we cut down yesterday.O.1 knives 2 boxes 3 shelves 4 wives 5 dishesP. 1 No.2 Yes.3 She sat near the window.4 A middle-aged lady.5 She was middle-aged.6 She sat opposite Sally.7 She said "Hello" to Sally.8 To make her beautiful.9 No.10 She said that she was still ugly to the ladyPre-unit test2 Key StructuresAa 1 I enjoyed the film yesterday.2 My mother went to market.3 (This morning) the children asked questions continuously in class.4 (On Sundays) we stay at home.5 (This morning) I borrowed a book from the library.b 1 She rarely...2 The shops always...3 We never...4 We sometimes...5 Do you ever...(后面直接照抄）Ba are playing...play...is kicking...is runningb died...left...spent...bought...went...stayed...listened...lent...kept...lostc I have just received...He has been there...he has already visited...He has just bought...and has goned 1 ...did...buy...2 ...has never lent...3 Have you burnt...4 ...fought...5 ...have just won...e 1 was leaving/left...arrived2 was working/worked...was sitting/sat3 was walking/walked...met4 was reading...heard5droppedf 略g 1 shall be ironing2 will be arriving3 We'll be seeing4 shall be watching5 will be correctingh 1 After...2 After...3 When...4 ...him until he...5 As soon as...i ...was built...became/had become...died...was built...were called...was begun...(was)completed...cost...has been visited...j 1 told...would come/would be coming2 said...(had) cut3 told...had never played4 did he say...had done/would do5 did he tell...(had) bought/would buyk 1 rains 2 will never pass 3 is 4 will get 5 enjoysl Fishing...catching...catching...having spent...fishing...fishing...sitting...doing Ca 1 You must/will have to see a doctor.2 Must you/Do you have to make so much noise?3 she said we must/would have to/had to stay here.4 I must/have to some help.5 He had to go out last night.b 1 He must be a fool.2 He must be mad.3 She must be over forty.c 1 Can/May I use your telephone?2 He may telephone tomorrow.3 Can/May I have two tickets please?4 The play may have begun already.5 Can/May I leave the table please?Da 略b ...a...\...a...a...a...the...\...a...the...the...a...a...\...the...a...a...a...E 1 the most unusual2 better...than3 more interesting than4 the laziest5 worse thanF 1 in 2 On 3 during/in 4 at 5 on...in 6 in 7 at...inG 1 in 2 from 3 on 4 of 5 in 6 ofSpecial difficultiesa 1 By the way2 borrowed3 ask4 grown5 Besides6 its7 yet8 desk9 It is10 homeb 1 at 2 up 3 on 4 out...back 5 outc 1 Who knocked this vase over?3 Put your jacket on5 The thieves woke the night watchman upd 1 ...the men to fire at the enemy.2. He wants his wife to wear this dress. to explain it.4 ...allow him to enter the room.5 ...her son to read.e 1 She made me this dress.2 I lent him my typewriter.3 I showed George the letter.4 Pass your mother that cup.5 Johnny gave his sister the doll.Key to Pre-unit Test 3Key structuresA1. He read the book and returned it to the library.2. The boy climbed the tree and picked some apples.3. I opened the door and he came into the hall.4. He looked for his pen but (he) could not find it.5. She called to him but he didn't answer her.6. Everyone was out so I left a message.7. He plays both soccer and rugby.8. Both children and adults enjoy holidays.9. He must be either very clever or very foolish.10. Neither George nor Dave plays football.11. George plays neither soccer nor rugby.12. He neither knows nor cares.13. He not only forgot to take his umbrella but he forgot to take his briefcase as well.Babelieve...are joking...do not know...know...believe...forget...looked...Are you trying...believed...think...do you live...do not knowb put...cooked...smelt...told...sang...began...felt...put...creptchas begun...was...flew...has nded...has just refused...wanted...did not take...wasdwas telling/ed to ed to ed to make...had...employed...smiled...remembered...was still smiling...opened...came...wantede1. We are going to leave at 6 o'clock.2. I am going to pay these bills tomorrow.\3. Are you going to write to him?4. She is not going to look for a new job.5. When are you going to buy a new car?fwill be held...will be visiting...will be building...will also be building...will be held...will be called...will have completed...will have finishedgfound...had run...had spent...took...saw...burst...said...had never runhwas asked...was wanted...was told...had been picked up...is now being sent...to be found...was stoleni1. He said (that) he was very tired.2. She asked if I was tired.3. Tom asked if Jack would arrive tomorrow.4. Tom asked when Jack would arrive.5. Mary asked if I'd ever been abroad.6. Jane asked why I hadn't written to her.j1. is2. don't hurry3. you'd enjoy4. werek1. to see2. ironing3. to leave4. arguing/to argue5. seeing6. waiting7. working8. goingCa1. mustn't2. needn't3. needn't4. mustn'tb1.Have a look at this.2.He had a wash before going out.3.I had a swim in the sea this morning.4.She is having a rest.c1.Could2.was able to3.could4.was able toDThe Wayle...a small river...the park...the Wayle...the river bank...Some children...games...the bank...some people...the river...the children...a ball...a passing boat...Some people...the bank...the man in the boat...The ball...the water...the children...anyE1.There's little I can do to help him.2.There aren't many apples on the tree, but you can pick a fe w if you want to.3.He has less work to do than I have.4.There isn't much whisky in this bottle, but you can have a little if you want it.5.He has fewer books than I have.6.There were few people in the shop.F1.to2.out of/from3.(up)to4.at5.intoG1.with...to2.for3.for4.with5.atSpecial difficultiesa1. too2.denied3.jobs4.passed5.other6.looked at7. so 8.such a 9.continuously 10.robbed 11.one 12.noticeb'Haven't you finished this book yet?' he asked.'I haven't even started it,' I answered.'Why not?' he asked.' It's an exciting story.''Perhaps it is,' I answered, 'but it's too difficult for me. I spend more time looking up the dictionary than reading the book.'c1.out2.up3.with4.up5.backd1.made2.make3.does4.make5.do6.makesKey to Pre-unit Test 4Key structuresA1 He missed the train because he did not hurry.2 Although he ran fast, he failed to win the race.3 I was so tired that I went to sleep immediately.4 My neighbour, who went to Tokyo for a holiday, could not return home because he did not have enough money.5 Finding the door unlocked, I went into the kitchen.6 I bought a picture which was very valuable.7 He walked quietly down the corridor so that no one would hear him.8 They cleared the ground to build a house.BOne day, a workman who was digging in a field accidentally struck a 6,000-volt electricity cable with his spade. Although he was thrown twenty feet, he was unhurt. However, that night the neighbouring town was in dark ness and no one knew what had happened.Ca I'd(would)prefer…don't understand…doesn't matter…does that word mean…don't know…is bringingb got…decided…began…wrote…included…paid…rang…was not surprised…led…hid…was embarrassedc looke d…arrived…have beenwa iting…said…answered…Were…went…said…got…weren't…came…said…waited…didn't come…have you been doing…asked…have just been… answeredd came… was used… used to hide… would often bury/often buried…(would)fail/failed… went…was examining… showed… was… dug… founde is setting out/will set out…will send…receive…receive/have received…will try…locate/have located…will fire…will carry…will pour…will be sentf will soon be sending up…will be taking…will grab…will soon be sending…will tell…will have sentg (had)discover ed…appeared…had taken…died…happened…claimed…had died…had been searching…had been foundh was taking…had been asked…having been instructed…must have been pleased…be stopped…could be heard… were both thrown1 He told me to keep quiet.2 He suggested (that) I should send him a telegram(or He suggested sending him…).3 He insisted (that) I should ask him about it(or He insisted on my asking him…).4 He told me not to worry about it.j1 I wonder if he can wait a few minutes longer.2 I wonder when he will arrive.3 I wonder if he has passed his examination.4 I wonder where he is.k1 had listened2 had written3 would have had1 meeting…running…pretending…meeting…coming…preventing…following…meeting…doing… coming…speaking Da1 should/ought to come2 had to do3 should have/ought to have come4 should have/ought to have askedb1 He is having a new house built.2 She will have a new dress made.3 I had my hair cut yesterday.4 We must have this tree cut down.c1 I did not manage to get into town this morning.2 They did not manage to find the boy who had run away.3 He did not manage to find a new job.4 I did not manage to translate the passage into English.Ebreakfast… the children… school…(the) market… The children… school…w ork… the house. some tarts for tea… a short time… butter and flour… sticky pastry… the telephone… the receiver…two sticky fingers…the voice…the receiver…a mess…pastry…the telephone…the doorknobs…the kitchen…the door bell…the dead…the postman…a registered letterFof…deal…most…most…oldest…many…Many…more…few…than…lot of…deal… from…lessG1 in…at…in…in2 at…out of3 to…in…with…in…inH1 with2 at3 of4 for5 to6 for7 of8 toSpecial difficultiesa1 loose 4 hard 7 used to 10 pick 13 let 16 amused2 rise 5 won 8 dropped 11 grown 14 part 17 checking3 laid 6 quiet 9 at 12 invented 15 reason 18 adviseb(sample sentences)If you promise not to mention it to anyone else, I'll tell you a secret. Have you said your prayers tonight, Johnny?He told me a lie.She said nothing to me or to anyone else.I always tell the children a story before they go to bed.‘Are they really coming tonight?’-‘Of course. They said so. ’c1 Our school dining room is very large.2 He told us a ghost story.3 She gave me a birthday present.4 We stopped at a village pub.5 The party leader made a speech.。

一、国家及校级奖项、称号国家奖学金—— National Scholarship国家励志奖学金National Encouragement scholarship 校一等奖：The First Prize Scholarship校二等奖：The Second Prize Scholarship校三等奖：The Third Prize Scholarship单项奖学金：Individual Scholarship三好学生标兵—— Pacemaker to Merit Student三好学生—— Merit Student学习优秀生—— Model Student of Academic Records突出才能奖—— Model Student of Outstanding Capacity 先进个人—— Advanced Individual/Outstanding Student 优秀工作者—— Excellent staff优秀学生干部—— Excellent Student Cadre优秀共青团员—— Excellent League Member优秀毕业生—— Outstanding Graduates优秀志愿者—— Outstanding Volunteer先进班集体—— Advanced Class优秀团干—— Outstanding League Cadres学生协会优秀干部—— Outstanding cadres of Student Association学生协会工作优秀个人Outstanding Individual of Student Association精神文明先进个人—— Spiritual Advanced Individual社会工作先进个人—— Advanced Individual of Social Work文体活动先进个人—— Advanced Individual of Cultural and sports activities 道德风尚奖———— Ethic Award精神文明奖———— High Morality Prize最佳组织奖———— Prize for The Best Organization突出贡献奖———— Prize for The Outstanding Contribution工作创新奖———— Prize for The Creative Working团队建设奖———— Prize for The Team Contribution二、各系比赛与奖项外语系（Foreign Language Department）:话剧比赛———— Drama competition英语演讲比赛—— English Speech Contest八系辩论赛———— Eight Departments Invitational Debate Competition 黑板报设计大赛—— Blackboard Poster Design ContestPPT设计大赛—— CoursewareDesign Competition文明宿舍———— Outstanding DormitoryOK杯篮球比赛—— OK Cup forBasketball Game我心飞扬歌唱比赛——“My Heart Flies” Singing Competition中文系( Department of Chinese Language and Literature)：诗歌朗诵比赛—— Poetry Recitation Contest诗歌创作比赛—— Poetry Creation Contest摄影大赛———— Photography Competition金话筒比赛————“Golden Microphone” Competition兴我中华演讲比赛—— Speech Competition on Revitalizing China课件比赛———— Courseware Design Contest报刊比赛———— Press Writing Contest足球比赛———— Football Match三笔比赛———— Essay Contest冬日环保针织比赛—— Knitting Contest on Winter Environmental Protection数学系(Department of Mathematics )：登山比赛———— Mountain-climbing Competition网络工程师———— Network Engineer Certification全国建模比赛—— National Mathematical Modeling Contest知识风采比赛—— Knowledge CompetitionPPT 课件制作大赛—— CoursewareDesign Competition经济管理系(The Department of Economics & Management)：辩论赛———— Debate Competition创业大赛———— Venture Contest政法系（Politics and Law Department）：党团知识竞赛———— Knowledge Contest on the Party and the League政法论坛———— Political and Legal Forum金秋系列活动————Series of Activities in “Golden Season模拟法庭———— Moot Court演讲比赛———— Speech Competition征文比赛———— Essay Competition计算机科学系（Computer Science Department）：网页设计大赛———— Web Page Design Competition辩论赛—————— Debate Competition软件设计大赛———— Software Design Competition多媒体课件设计大赛—— Multimedia Courseware Design Competition 网站设计竞赛———— Web Design Competition电子科学系（Electronic Science Department）：演讲比赛———— Speech Contest电子设计大赛———— Electronic Design Contest服装系（Textile and Fashion Department）：服装创意设计大赛—— Garment Design Competition毕业设计大赛———— Graduation Design Competition发表论文———— Publications专利证书———— Patent服装设计大赛———— Garment Design Contest泳衣大赛———— Swimming Suit Design Competition手提包设计大赛—— Handbag Design Competition服装创意设计大赛Creative Garment Design Competition生命科学系(Department of Life Science）：实验技能操作大赛—— Experiment Skill and Operation Contest广东大学生生物化学实验技能大赛——The Biochemical Experiments Contest for College Student in Guangdong建筑与土木工程系(Department of Architecture & Civil Engineering）：建筑文化节———— Architectural Culture Festival建筑设计竞赛———— Architectural Design Competition钢笔画比赛———— Ink Drawing Contest节徽设计大赛———— Festival Logo Design Contest“五佳”歌手活动————“Best Five” Singer Activities友谊篮球赛———— Friendship Cup Basketball Match工程测量比赛———— Engineering Survey Competition班际足球赛———— Inter-class Football Match省大学生科技竞赛—— Science and Technology Contest for Province College Students 十佳学生活动组织—— Top Ten Student Activities Organization十大学生修身楷模—— Ten Model Students of Self-cultivation学生科研创新奖———— Student Award for Research and Innovation棋王大赛—————— Chess Competition电子社飞思杯电脑建筑效果图设计大赛———— E-Society Feisi Cup Architectural Renderings Computer DesignContest化学工程系(Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology)：“飞狐杯”八系辩论赛—— Flying Fox Cup 8 departments Invitational Debate Competition 女子篮球赛———— Women's Basketball Match广东省高校化学化工实验技能大赛—— Chemistry and Chemical Experiment Skills Competition for Collegesin Guangdong旅游管理系(Tourism and Management Department):导游技能大赛———— Tourist Skills Contest导游路线设计大赛—— Tourist Route Design Competition党团知识竞赛———— Knowledge Contests about the CPC and the CYLC礼仪风采大赛———— Manner and Etiquette Contest体育系(Department of Sports):体育文化节———— Physical Culture Festival音乐系(Music Department)相声小品大赛———— Crosstalk and Sketch Contest班际篮球赛———— Inter-class Basketball Match三、证书大学英语四级—— CET4 (College English Test Band 4 Certificate)大学英语六级———— CET6 (College English Test Band 6 Certificate)英语专业四级———— TEM4 (Test for English Major Grade 4 Certificate)英语专业八级———— TEM8 (Test for English Major Grade 8 Certificate)普通话等级考试———— National Mandarin Test (Level 1, 2, 3; Grade A,B,C)日语能力考试———— Japanese Language Proficiency Test (Level 1, ２, ３, ４) 商务日语能力考试—— Business Japanese Proficiency Test商务英语证书———— Business English Certificate）雅思—————— IELTS (International English Language Testing System)托福—————— TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language)BEC初级—————— (BECPreliminary Level，缩略为BEC Pre.)BEC中级—————— (BEC VantageLevel，缩略为BEC Van.)BEC高级—————— (BEC HigherLevel，缩略为BEC Hi.)全国计算机等级考试—— National Computer Rank Examination (NCRE)Rank I: DOS、WINDOWSRankⅡ: VISUAL BASIC，VISUALFOXPRO，QBASIC，FORTRAN，C，FOXBASE RankⅢ: PC technology、Informationmanagement、Internet technology、Data base RankⅣ: Ability to systemsanalysis and systems project全国计算机一级证书First-level Certificate for National Computer全国计算机二级证书Second-level Certificate for National Computer全国计算机三级证书Third-level Certificate for National Computer全国计算机四级证书Fourth-level Certificate for National Computer导游证—————— Guide ID Card (Guide Identity of Identification Card)导游资格证书———— Guide Certificate秘书证—————— Secretary Card中级涉外秘书证———— Intermediate Foreign Secretary Card会计证—————— Accounting Certificate会计从业资格证书:—— Certificate of Accounting Professional初级职务（助理会计）证书Sub-accountant Certificate Preliminary Level中级职称—————— Intermediate Certificate管理会计师证书:———— Certificate in Management Accounting注册会计师证书:———— (CPA Certificate)Certificate of Certified Public Accountant注册金融分析师————（CFA）Chartered Financial Analyst特许公认会计师————（ACCA）The Association of Chartered AccountantsCAD工程师认证证书—— CADEngineer Certification电工证—————— Electrician certificate技工证书—————— Technician Certificate教师资格证—————— Teacher Certification心理辅导教师资格证书—— Psychological Counseling Teacher Certificate报关员资格证书———— Clerk for the Customs Declaration报关员证书—————— Customs Declaration Certificate人力资源从业资格证书—— Qualification of Human Resources Practitioners驾驶证——————Driver’s License国家司法考试证书———— National Judicial Examination certificate（lawyer'squalification certificate）律师资格证书————Attorney’s certificate企业法律顾问执业资格证书Enterprise Counsel Qualification Certificate法律顾问—————— Legal Adviser律师助理证—————— Assistant Lawyer Certificate会计从业资格证———— Certificate of Accounting Professional初级会计职称———— Junior Level Accountant中级会计职称———— Medium Level Accountant高级职称—————— Advanced Level Accountant注册会计师—————— Certified Public Accountant (CPC）注册税务师—————— Certified Tax Agents(CTA )经济师—————— Economist精算师—————— Actuary审计师—————— Auditor统计师—————— Actuary物流师职业资格证书—— Certificate of International Logistics Specialist国际物流师—————— Certified International Logistics Specialist (CILS)国际电子商务师职业资格认证Certification of International E-Commerce Specialist 国际电子商务师———— Certified International E-Commerce Specialist（CIECS）市场营销师—————— Marketing Manager特许市场营销师———— Certified Marketing Manager (CMM)初级营销职业证书———— Introductory Certificate in Marketing市场营销职业证书———— Certificate in Marketing国际商务谈判师———— Certificated International Professional Negotiator ( CIPN)投资咨询师—————— Investment Counselor人力资源管理———— Human Resource Management ( HRM )中国职业经理人资格认证—— Certificate of Chinese Professional Manager中国职业经理人———— Chinese Professional Manager ( CPM )注册国际投资分析师—— Certified International Investment Analyst( CIIA )注册金融分析师———— Chartered Financial Analyst ( CFA )注册金融策划师———— Certified Financial Planner（CFP）认证金融理财师———— Associate Financial Planner (AFP)金融风险管理师———— Financial Risk Manager （FRM）证券从业资格证书———— Certificate of Securities国际贸易单证员证书—— Certificate of International Commercial Documents报关员资格证书———— Certificate of Customs Specialist报检员资格证书———— Certificate of Inspection公务员考试—————— Civil Servants Exam计算机技术与软件专业技术（水平）资格考试—— Computer Technology and Software Expertise (level) QualificationExamination网络工程师—————— Network Engineer软件设计师—————— Software Architect数据库分析师———— Database Analyst网络管理员—————— Webmaster信息系统项目管理师—— Information Systems Project Management Division网络规划设计师———— Network Planning Designer多媒体应用设计师———— Multimedia designer电力工程证书———— Certificate in Electrical Engineering国际电子商务师———— Certified International E-Commerce Specialist (CIECS）一、二级建造师———— Grade1/2 Constructor造价工程师—————— Cost Engineer注册房地产估价师———— Certified Real Estate Appraiser质量工程师—————— Quality Assurance Engineer城市规划师—————— Urban Planner公路造价师—————— Highway Cost Estimator工程造价师—————— Budgeting Specialist化学检验员—————— Chemistry Testing Laboratory Technician化学技能证书———— Chemical Skills Certificate药品检验员—————— Drug Inspector四、校运会第一名—————— The First Prize第二名—————— The Second Prize第三名—————— The Third Prize惠州学院健美操比赛—— Competition of Body-building Exercises校运会篮球比赛———— Basketball Matches in Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会男子100米——Men’s 100-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会女子100米——Women’s 100-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会男子200米——Men’s 200-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会女子200米——Women’s 200-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会男子1500米——Men’s 1500-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会女子800米——Women’s 800-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会男女跳高比赛——Men/Women’s High Jump Matches校运会男女三级跳比赛——Men/Women’s Triple Jump Matches校运会男子110米栏——Men’s 110-metre Hurdle Race校运会男女铅球————Men/Women’s Shot Put校运会男女标枪————Men/Women’s javelin throwing五、艺术节博客大赛—————— Blog Contest“金话筒•”主持人大赛—— Golden Microphone Host Competition惠州学院十大歌手—— Top Ten Singers of Huizhou University创意T台服装设计大赛—— Creative Fashion Design Competition惠州学院丰湖之星—— Fenghu Stars of Huizhou University激浪黑板报大赛————Wave Blackboard Poster Competition“激浪个性我创”涂鸦比赛Wave Creative Graffiti Competition“墨迹杯”书画大赛—— Chinese Ink Cup Calligraphy and Painting Competition 军训优秀通讯员———— Excellent Correspondent in Military Training军训先进个人———— Advanced Individual in Military Training十佳社团—————— Top Ten Outstanding Associations体育道德风尚奖———— PE Morality Award优秀指导教师奖———— Excellent Guide Teacher Award突出贡献奖———— Outstanding Contribution Award工作创新奖———— Innovation Award团队建设奖———— Teamwork Award最佳台风奖———— Best Stage Style Award最佳人气奖———— Best Popularity Award优秀组织奖———— Outstanding Organization Award最佳创意奖———— Best Creativity Award优秀团体奖———— Excellent Group Award优秀节目奖———— Best Program Award十佳新秀奖———— Top Ten Outstanding Rising Stars Award 最具潜质奖———— Most Potentiality Award最佳才艺奖———— Outstanding Talent Award最佳气质奖———— Outstanding Quality Award最佳口才奖———— Best Eloquence Award最佳演员奖———— Best Actor Award最佳剧本奖———— Best Script Award优秀会员—————— Excellent Member最佳辩手—————— Best Debater优秀辩手—————— Excellent Debater六、协会法律促进协会—— Law Promotion Association模拟法庭竞赛Moot Court Competition英语口语协会—— Oral English Institute交流会Exchange Meeting —— Make Our Voice Heard书法协会—— Calligraphy Association“亲近中国文化，了解汉字”Get Close to the Chinese culture, Get to Learn Chinese CharactersX－GAME协会X-GAMEAssociationX-GAME创新表演大赛X-GAMEInnovation contests心理健康促进协会Association of Advancement of Mental Health“心灵之交”—— Meeting Soul-mates峥嵘乒乓球协会Association of Zhengrong Table Tennis“我最有才”峥嵘乒乓球比赛Zhengrong Cup Table Tennis Contest足球协会—— Football Association“新生杯”足球争霸赛之各系荣耀大战Freshmen Cup Football Match of all Departments—Glory War毽球协会—— Shuttlecock Association毽球新风采”毽球大比拼New Style Shuttlecock Competition篮球协会—— Basketball Association“三人篮球赛”———— Three-player Basketball Match旅游爱好者协会Travel Enthusiasts Association创意风筝节—— Creative Kite Festival演讲与口才协会Speech and Eloquence Association“环境保护，重在行动”演讲比赛Take Action to Protect Environment Speech Contest 奕林棋协—— Yi-lin Chinese Chess Association“奕林棋协棋王争霸赛”Yi-lin Chinese Chess Conpetition企业与市场调研协会Business and Marketing Research Association职业经理人挑战赛—— Professional managers Challenge Match飞翔舞协—— Flying Dance Association假面舞会———— Masque Ball新春柳话剧社—— Reborn Drama Association“我心飞扬”剧本创作大赛及公演Flying Heart Script-writing Contest摄影协会—— Photography Association“生活”摄影展—— Life Photo Exhibition七、其他学生会—————— Student Union团委会—————— Youth League Committee学生社团——————Students’ Association体育部—————— Sports Department文艺部—————— Arts Department学习部—————— Learning Department女生部—————— Girls Department心理发展部—————— Psychological Development Department外联部—————— Public Relations Department宣传部—————— Propaganda Department生活部—————— Life Department纪检部—————— Discipline Inspection Department秘书部—————— Secretary Department组织部—————— Organization Department编辑部—————— Editorial Department学生会主席—————— President of the Student Union团委会书记—————— Secretary of the Youth League Committee团支书—————— League Branch Secretary团支书—————— Secretary of the Youth League Branch Committee 副书记—————— Vice Secretary秘书长—————— Secretary-general学术部干事—————— a member of the Academic Department宿舍长—————— Head of the dormitory优秀团员—————— Excellent League Member班长———————— Monitor/ Class President副班长—————— Vice-monitor文体委员—————— Recreation & Sports Secretary学习委员—————— Study Secretary生活委员—————— Life Secretary宣传委员—————— Publicity Secretary生活委员—————— Organization Secretary勤工俭学—————— Work-study Program青年志愿者协会———— Youth Volunteers Association政治辅导员—————— Political Tutors晚会主持人—————— Host on the entertainment / evening party礼仪队———————— Reception Team/ Protocol Team三下乡—————— Volunteer Activities for the Country People综合测评——————Comprehensive Evaluation of Students’ Performance 预备党员—————————— Probationary Party Member入党积极分子—————— Applicant for Party Membership综合素质优秀学生———— Excellent Student of Comprehensive Quality优秀青年志愿者———— Outstanding Young Volunteer校园十杰—————— Ten Prominent Youth on Campus / Top Ten Youth on Campus 品学兼优的学生———— Student of Good Character and Scholarship模拟招聘会—————— Mock Interviews军训———————— Military Training艺术团———————— Art Troupe义教———————— Voluntary Teaching迎新晚会—————— Welcome Party for the Freshmen招聘会———————— Job Fair广播站———————— Broadcasting Station学生处———————— Students Affairs Department舍管———————— houseparent社会活动—————— social/ public activities课外活动—————— extracurricular activities社会实践—————— social practice学术活动—————— academic activities籍贯———————— native place婚姻状况—————— marital status家庭状况—————— family status可到职时间—————— date of availability教育程度—————— educational background课程———————— curriculum——职业目标—————— career objective主修———————— major工作目标—————— employment objective副修———————— minor——希望职位—————— position wanted优良学风班—————— Class of Good Style Study 团结合作—————— Solidarity and Cooperation 创新能力—————— Creative Ability沟通能力—————— Communicational Ability兼职———————— Part-time Job促销员———————— Sales Promoter派传单———————— Deliver pamphlets市场调研—————— Marketing Research乒乓球协会—————— Table Tennis Association 社团艺术节—————— Community Festival招聘网站—————— Recruitment Site党支部———————— Party Branch家教———————— Tutor英语培训中心———— English training centre成绩优异—————— Outstanding Academic Results 学业技能—————— Academic Skills思想品行—————— Ideological Morality文体表现—————— Arts and Sports Performance 社团艺术节—————— Community Festival实习———————— Internship。

1. As a user generates information to be sent on the network, what are the steps of the data encapsulation process?A. Data, frame, segment, packet, bitsB. Data, packet, frame, segment, bitsC. Data, packet, segment, frame, bitsD. Data, segment, packet, frame, bits2. Which OSI layer performs the following types of encapsulation: ISDN, Frame Relay, and HDLC?A. NetworkB. SessionC. Data linkD. Transport3 What is the function of the first phase of PPP negotiation?A. Link terminationB. Link-quality determinationC. Link establishment and configuration negotiationD. Network-layer protocol configuration negotiation4. Currently, how large are IP addresses?A. 8 bitB. 16 bitC. 24 bitD. 32 bit5. Which of the following devices allows communication between VLANs to occur?A. bridgeB. hubC. switchD. router6. Which of the following is the correct order for the layers of the OSI reference model?A. Data link, physical, transport, network, presentation, session, applicationB. Physical, data link, network, session, transport, presentation, applicationC. Physical, data link, network, transport, presentation, session, applicationD. Physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, application7. In a LAN, which of the following terms best equates to the term VLAN?A. Collision domainB. Broadcast domainC. Subnet domainD. Single switchE. Trunk8. What is used to resolve known IP addresses to MAC addresses?A. ARPB. DNSC. POP3D. RARP9. Which of the following are routed protocols?A. AppleTalk, IP, IGRPB. IP, AppleTalk, IPXC. IP, RIP, IPXD. IPX, OSPF, EIGRP10. Which of the following is a true statement regarding routing?A. Dynamic routing automatically adjusts for topology or traffic changes.B. Dynamic routing must always be used to a stub network.C. Dynamic routing uses route information entered by an administrator.D. Static routing tends to reveal everything known about a network.11. Which OSI model layer provides negotiation of data transfer syntax?A. PresentationB. ApplicationC. TransportD. Network12. A PC user turns on her computer, and as soon as the computer is up and working, she opens a web browser to browse . Which protocol(s) would definitely not be used by the PC during this process?a. DHCPb. DNSc. ARPd. ICMP13. Which Layer 4 protocol is connection-oriented and reliable?A. ICMPB. TCPC. TFTPD. UDP14. Which of the following is true regarding routing metrics?A. All routing protocols use the same metrics.B. IGRP uses bandwidth as its only metric.C. Routers compare metrics to determine the best route.D. The larger metric generally represents the better path.15. What are the two basic functions used by a router to relay packets?A. Filtering and switchingB. Path determination and filteringC. Path determination and switchingD. Traffic analysis and filtering16. Which utility shows the route a packet takes to reach its destination?A. NetstatB. PingC. TelnetD. Tracert17.Which of the following summarized subnets is the smallest (smallest range of addresses) summary route that includes subnets 10.3.95.0, 10.3.96.0, and10.3.97.0, mask 255.255.255.0?a. 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0b. 10.3.0.0 255.255.0.0c. 10.3.64.0 255.255.192.0d. 10.3.64.0 255.255.224.018. How is a frame tagged on a VLAN?A. With an application IDB. With a MAC addressC. With a port IDD. With a VLAN ID19. What do routers use to forward packets between source and destination networks?A. ARP cacheB. CAM tableC. Host name tableapplications?A. ApplicationB. PresentationC. SessionD. Transport21. Connection-oriented services involve which three phases?A. Connection establishment, Data transfer, Connection terminationB. Connection establishment, Data transfer, Flow controlC. Connection establishment, Flow control, Connection terminationD. Data transfer, Flow control, Connection termination22. Which statement is correct concerning routing and routed protocols?A. A routed protocol allows the routers to communicate with other routers and maintain tables for a routing protocol.B. A routing protocol allows routers to communicate with other routers and maintain tables for a routed protocol.C. Routers only need to use routing protocols to work properly.D. There is no difference between routed and routing protocols.23. Which test can be used to verify application layer connectivity?A. NetstatB. PingC. TelnetD. Tracert24. What is used by a routing protocol to determine the best path to include in the routing table?A. Convergence timeB. Default distanceC. MetricD. Type of router25. Which of the following is a Layer 3 device?A. BridgeB. HubC. RepeaterD. Router26. Which of the following routing protocols are considered to use link-state logic?A. RIP-1B. RIP-2C. OSPFD. BGP27.Which of the following devices can an administrator use to segment their LAN?(Choose all that apply)A. HubsB. RepeatersC. SwitchesD. BridgesE. RoutersF. Media ConvertersG. All of the above28. Routers perform which of the following functions? (Select Three)A. Packet forwardingB. Collision prevention on a LAN segment.C. Packet filteringD. Broadcast domain enlargementE. Broadcast forwardingF. Internetwork communication29. Within the Ericsson office, The Sales and Production networks are separated by a router as shown in the diagram below:Which of the following statements most accurately describes the characteristics of the above networks broadcast and collision domains? (Select the two best answer choices)A. There are two broadcast domains in the network.B. There are four broadcast domains in the network.C. There are six broadcast domains in the network.D. There are four collision domains in the network.E. There are five collision domains in the network.F. There are seven collision domains in the network.30. The Ericsson corporate LAN consists of one large flat network. You decide to segment this LAN into two separate networks with a router. What will be the affect of this change?A. The number of broadcast domains will be decreased.B. It will make the broadcasting of traffic between domains more efficient between segments.C. It will increase the number of collisions.D. It will prevent segment 1's broadcasts from getting to segment 2.E. It will connect segment 1's broadcasts to segment 2.31. The Ericsson Texas branch network is displayed in the following diagram:Of the following choices, which IP address should be assigned to the PC host?A. 192.168.5.5B. 192.168.5.32C. 192.168.5.40D. 192.168.5.63E. 192.168.5.7532. Given the choices below, which address represents a unicast address?A. 224.1.5.2B. FFFF. FFFF. FFFF.C. 192.168.24.59/30D. 255.255.255.255E. 172.31.128.255/1833. With regards to bridges and switches, which of the following statements are true?(Choose three)A. Switches are primarily software based while bridges are hardware based.B. Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts.C. Bridges are frequently faster than switches.D. Switches typically have a higher number of ports than bridges.E. Bridges define broadcast domain while switches define collision domains.F. Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2 addresses.34. Which Layer 1 devices can be used to extend the area covered by a single LAN segment? (Select two)A. SwitchB. RouterC. NICD. hubE. RepeaterF. RJ-45 transceiver35. If a host on a network has the address 172.16.45.14/30, what is the address of the subnetwork to which this host belongs?A. 172.16.45.0B. 172.16.45.4C. 172.16.45.8D. 172.16.45.12E. 172.16.45.1836. Exhibit:Study the Exhibit carefully. What switch functionality will prevent Layer 2 broadcasts from moving between the networks shown?A. VLA.NB. STPC. ISLD. VTP37. The Ericsson network is shown in the following exhibit:Ericsson is concerned about unauthorized access to the Payroll Server. The Accounting1, CEO, Mgr1, and Mgr2 workstations should be the only computers with access to the Payroll Server. What two technologies should be implemented to help prevent unauthorized access to the server? (Choose two.)A. Access listsB. Encrypted router passwordsC. STPD. VLANsE. VTPF. Wireless LANs.38.Refer to the exhibit shown above. What is required to allow communication between host A and host B?A. A CSU/DSU connected to the switches with crossover cablesB. A router connected to the switches with straight-through cablesC. A router connected to the switches with crossover cablesD. A straight-through cable onlyE. A crossover cable only39. The Ericsson network is shown in the following exhibit:Based on this diagram, which of the following is true?A. Switch TK2 is the root bridge.B. Spanning Tree is not running.C. Host D and Server 1 are in the same network.D. No collisions can occur in traffic between Host B and Host C.E. If Fa0/0 is down on Router 1, Host A cannot access Server 1.F. If Fa0/1 is down on Switch 3, Host C cannot access Server 2.40. Which two of the addresses below are available for host addresses on thesubnet 192.168.15.19/28? (Select two answer choices)A. 192.168.15.17B. 192.168.15.14C. 192.168.15.29D. 192.168.15.16E. 192.168.15.31F. None of the above41. You have a Class C network, and you need ten subnets. You wish to have as many addresses available for hosts as possible. Which one of the following subnet masks should you use?A. 255.255.255.192B. 255.255.255.224C. 255.255.255.240D. 255.255.255.248E. None of the above42. How many subnetworks and hosts are available per subnet if you apply a /28 mask to the 210.10.2.0 class C network?A. 30 networks and 6 hosts.B. 6 networks and 30 hosts.C. 8 networks and 32 hosts.D. 32 networks and 18 hosts.E. 16 networks and 14 hosts.F. None of the above43. The Ericsson network was assigned the Class C network 199.166.131.0 from the ISP. If the administrator at Ericsson were to subnet this class C network using the 255.255.255.224 subnet mask, how may hosts will they be able to support on each subnet?A. 14B. 16C. 30D. 32E. 62F. 6444. What is the subnet for the host IP address 201.100.5.68/28?A. 201.100.5.0B. 201.100.5.32C. 201.100.5.64D. 201.100.5.65E. 201.100.5.31F. 201.100.5.145. Which one of the binary bit patterns below denotes a Class B address?A. 0xxxxxxxB. 10xxxxxxC. 110xxxxxD. 1110xxxxE. 11110xxx46. In which situation would the use of a static route be appropriate?A. To configure a route to the first Layer 3 device on the network segment.B. To configure a route from an ISP router into a corporate network.C. To configure a route when the administrative distance of the current routing protocol is too low.D. To reach a network is more than 15 hops away.E. To provide access to the Internet for enterprise hosts.47. The Ericsson network is replacing all of their hubs with new switches. How does a switch differ from a hub?A. A switch operates at a lower, more efficient layer of the OSI model.B. A switch does not induce any latency into the frame transfer time.C. A switch decreases the number of collision domains.D. A switch tracks MAC addresses of directly-connected devices.E. A switch decreases the number of broadcast domains.48. Which of the following are true statements regarding the characteristics of OSPF areas? Select all that apply.A. All OSPF networks require the use of multiple areasB. Multiple OSPF areas must connect to area 0C. Single area OSPF networks must be configured in area 1D. Areas can be assigned any number from 0 to 63535E. Area 0 is called the backbone areaF. Each OSPF area need to be configured with a loopback interface49. In the Ericsson network shown below, what is the most efficient summarization that TK1 can use to advertise its networks to TK2?A. 172.1.4.0/24172.1.5.0/24172.1.6.0/24172.1.7.0/24B. 172.1.0.0/22C. 172.1.4.0/25172.1.4.128/25172.1.5.0/24172.1.6.0/24172.1.7.0/24D. 172.1.0.0/21E. 172.1.4.0/2250.You are a systems administrator and you are about to assign static IP addresses to various servers on your network. For the network 192.168.20.24/29 the router is assigned to the first usable host address, while the last usable host address goes to your Sales server. Which one of the following commands would you enter into the IP properties box of the sales server?A. IP address: 192.168.20.14 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.248 Default Gateway: 192.168.20.9B. IP address: 192.168.20.254 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway:192.168.20.1C. IP address: 192.168.20.30 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.248 Default Gateway: 192.168.20.25D. IP address: 192.168.20.30 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.240 Default Gateway: 192.168.20.17E. IP address: 192.168.20.30 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.240 Default Gateway: 192.168.20.2551. The LAN needs are expanding at the Ericsson corporate office, which is quickly growing. You are instructed to enlarge the area covered by a single LAN segment on the Ericsson network. Which of the following are layer 1 devices that you can use? (Choose all that apply.)A. A switch.B. A router.C. A network adapter card.D. A hub.E. A repeater.52. Which of the following protocols operate at the 'Application layer' of the OSI model? (Select all valid answers)A. TCPB. TelnetC. FTPD. ARPE. IPF. None of the above53. Which OSI layer is associated with the following: The acknowledgement of transmissions, sequencing, and flow control across a network?A. Layer 2B. Layer 3C. Layer 4D. Layer 5E. Layer 6F. Layer 754. Which layer of the OSI provides translation of data?A. ApplicationB. PresentationC. SessionD. TransportE. Data Link55. What is the maximum data rate for 802.11b wireless LANs?A. 2MbpsB. 10MbpsC. 11MbpsD. 54Mbps56. Which of the following services use TCP? (Choose all that apply )A. DHCPB. SMTPC. SNMPD. FTPE. HTTPF. TFTP57. Your router has the following IP address on Ethernet0: 172.16.112.1/20. How many hosts can be accommodated on the Ethernet segment?A. 1024B. 2046C. 4094D. 4096E. 819058. Which of the following is true regarding layer 2 switches? (Choose two.)A. A switch is a hub with more ports.B. A switch is a multiport bridge.C. Switches learn IP addresses from each frame and filter the network using these addresses.D. Switches learn MAC addresses by examining the source address of each frame.59. Which of the following protocols are used to configure trunking on a switch?A. VLAN Trunk ProtocolB. VLANC. 802.1QD. 802.1b60. If your routing table has a static, a RIP, and an OSPF route to the same network, which route will be used to route packets by default?A. Any available routeB. RIP routeC. Static routeD. OSPF routeE. They will all load-balance.。

Unit4MakingthenewsSectionⅠWarmingup；Pre-reading,Reading&ComprehendingⅠ.单词拼写Ⅰ.单词拼写1．In my opinion, her brave deeds are _admirable__(值得赞扬的)．2．Mother was cleaning the room; meanwhile__(期间，同时)，father was watching TV.3．She is a very _gifted__girl for music. She can play the pian o very well though she is very young.4．The judge announced the man was not _guilty__and then he was set free.5．To their_delight__(高兴)，their son was admitted into a famous university.6．In the next few days, I'll_submit__(提交) a budget to congress.7．She is one of my _colleagues__working in the same depar tment.8．Before making any new plans, you must_assess__(评估) the current environment.9．Your work must be posted out before the_deadline__(截止日期)10．She said it_deliberately__(故意的) to challenge me.Ⅱ.句型转换1．My father assisted us in building our new house.→My father _assisted__us_to__ _build__our new house. 2．The Internet lets us know the latest news every day.→The Internet keeps us_informed__ _of__the latest news ever y day.3．He demands that he (should) be told everything.→He demands_to__ _be__ _told__everything.4．All of us are working hard so that we'll pass the exam.→All of us are working hard_so__ _as__ _to__pass the exam.Ⅲ.补全句子1．她指控她弟弟偷了她的珠宝首饰。