2018上海浦东新区高中三年级二模试题[附答案解析]

上海市浦东新区2018届高三下学期教学质量检测（二模）II. Grammar and vocabularySection A—10分Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into the London Zoo that a wild puma 21 (spot) forty miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts decided to investigate.The hunt 22 the puma began in a small village where a woman 23 (pick) blackberries saw “a large cat” only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being 24 it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at 25 place twenty miles away in the evening. 26 it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Several people complained of cat-like noises at night and a businessman on a 27 (fish) trip saw the puma up a tree.The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, 28 where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one 29 have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing30 (think) a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.Section B—10分Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.workB. specifyC. traditionallyD. ingredientE. uneasyF. additionalG. culturally H. block I. determine J. requirement K. criticalA multicultural person is someone who is deeply convinced that all cultures are equally good, enjoys learning the rich variety of cultures in the world, and most likely has been exposed to more than one culture in his or her lifetime.You cannot motivate anyone, especially someone of another culture, until that person has accepted you. A multilingual salesperson can explain the advantages of a product in other languages, but a multicultural salesperson can motivate foreigners to buy it. That‟s a(an) 31 difference.No one likes foreigners who are arrogant(自大的) about their own culture. The trouble is most people are arrogantly monocultural without being aware of it and even those who are can‟t hide it. Foreigners sense monocultural arrogance at once and set up their own cultural barriers, which may effectively 32 any attempt by the monocultural person to motivate them.Multiculturalism is a(an) 33 that has been neglected too often in hiring managers for international positions. Even if your company is not a multinational one, chances are you‟re in touch with foreign customers or manufacturers Do you have the right employee to buildup the 34 ?For 20-odd years, I‟ve run an executive-search firm from Brussels. When clients ask us to find the right person for a new pan-European sales or management position, I start by asking them to 35 the qualifications their ideal candidate would have.Most often they list the same qualities they would want for a domestic position, but with the36 requirement that the new manager be fluent enough in English, German and French to cope with faxes and email. It sometimes takes me hours to persuade clients that the linguistic (语言的)abilities they see as crucial are not enough.Of course, it‟s far more difficult to37 candidates multiculturalism than it is to check their language skills—but it‟s also a far more important 38 to success. I remember a company that asked me to check out a salesman they were planning to send to Mexico. He‟d studied Spanish, and had grown up in New Yor k City—the most 39 diverse place in America. But when I interviewed him, he turned out to have no concept of the great pride Mexicans took in their culture, and moreover he was 40 about Mexican restaurants and markets being dirty and unsafe. I rejected him just asMexican buyers would have if he‟d been selected for the job.I II. Reading ComprehensionSection A—15分Hailing from Sweden, “plogging” is a fitness craze that sees participants pick up plastic litter while jogging adding a virtuous, environmentally driven element to the sport. Plogging appears to have started around 2016, but is now going global, due to increasing awareness and 41 over plastic levels in the ocean.The appeal of plogging is its 42 —all you need is running gear and a bin bag, and the feeling of getting fit while supporting a good cause. By adding regular squats(蹲) to pick up junk and carrying 43 to jogging. we can assume the health benefits are increased.Running and good causes have always gone 44 —just think of all the fundraising marathon runners do. But there couldn‟t be a more on-trend way of keeping fit than plogging.Anything that‟s getting people out in nature and connecting 45 with their I environment is a good thing, says Lizzie Carr, an environmentalist who helped set up Plastic Patrol, a nationwide campaign to 46 our inland waterways of plastic pollution. There‟s been a real 47 in the public mindset around plastics, helped by things like Blue Planet highlighting how disastrous the crisis is,” she says.We need to keep momentum high and the pressure up, and empower people through 48 like plogging and Plastic Patrol.The plastic Patrol app allows users to 49 plastic anywhere in the world by collecting discarded items, photographing them and 50 to the app, giving us a better knowledge of what sorts of plastic and which brands are being thrown out. “I‟d urge all ploggers to get involved,” adds Carr.Plogging isn‟t the first fitness trend to combine running with a good cause, Here are some of o ur favourites:Good GymIts idea is simple: go for a run, visit an elderly person, have a chat and some tea, and run back. 51 among the elderly is a growing problem in the UK. With over 10,000 runs so far, 52 , Good Gym is finding a solution.Guide RunningGuide runners volunteer their time to helping blind people get 53 . By linking themselves together, the 54 —impaired individual can feel safe while both work of a sweat.55 for the HomelessStart-up Stuart Delivery and the Church Housing Trust collaborated last year in bringing clothing and healthy food to the homeless. Deliveries are mostly made by bike, so those who deliver keep fit while helping rough sleepers(无家可归者).41. A. satisfaction B. hesitation C. fear D. control42. A. complexity B. simplicity C. instrument D. expense43. A. substance B. responsibility C. value D. weight44. A. one on one B. head to toe C. hand in hand D. on and off45. A. positively B. neutrally C. objectively D. fairly46. A. accuse B. rid C. assure D. rob47. A. shift B. interest C. aid D. delight48. A. motives B. performances C. exercises D. initiatives49. A. eliminate B. map C. seek D. degrade50. A. leading B. devoting C. ending D. uploading51. A. Disappointment B. Tiredness C. Sickness D. Loneliness52. A. therefore B. moreover C. however D. instead53. A. excited B. ready C. active D. smart54. A. visually B. audibly C. visibly D. sensibly55. A. Running B. Plogging C. Driving D. CyclingSection B—22 分(A)In 1982, I had responsibility for Stephen Hawking‟s third academ ic book for the Press, Superspace and Supergravity. This was a messy collection of papers from a technical workshop on how to devise a new theory of gravity. While that book was in production, I suggested he try something easier: a popular book about the nature of the Universe, suitable for the general market.Stephen hesitated over my suggestion. He already had an international reputation as a brilliant theoretical physicist working on rotating black holes and theories of gravity. And he had concerns about financial matters: importantly, it was impossible for him to obtain any form of life insurance to protect his family in the event of his death or becoming totally dependent on nursing care. So, he took precious time out from his research to prepare the rough draft of a book.At the time, several bestselling physics authors had already published non-technical books on the early Universe and black holes. Stephen decided to write a more personal approach, by explaining his own research in cosmology and quantum theory.One afternoon, in the 1980s, he invited me to take a look at the first draft, but first he wanted to discuss cash. He told me he had spent considerable time away from his research, and that he expected advances and royalties (定金和版税) to be large. When I pressed him on the market that he foresaw, he insisted that it be on sale, up front, at all airport bookshops in the UK and the US. I told that was a tough call for a university press. Then I thumbed the typescript. To my dismay, the text was far too technical for a general reader.A few weeks later he showed me a revision, much improved. Eventually, he decided to place it with a mass market publisher rather than a university press. Bantam published A Brief History of Time in March 1988. Sales took off like a rocket, and it ranked as a bestseller for at least five years. The book‟s impact on the popularization of science has been incalculable.56. What suggestion did the writer give to Stephen Hawking?A. Simplifying Superspace and Supergravity.B. Formulating a new theory of gravity.C. Writing a popular book on the nature of the universe.D. Revising a book based on a new theory.57. Which of the following was Stephen Hawking most concerned about?A. Financial returns.B. Other competitors.C. Publishing houses.D. His family‟s life insurance.58. The underlined word thumbed is closest in meaning to .A. praisedB. typedC. confirmedD. browsed59. The greatest contribution of the book A Brief History of Time lies in .A. bringing him overnight fame in the scientific worldB. keeping up the living standard of his familyC. making popular science available to the general public D creating the rocketing sales of a technical book(B)Conventional wisdom may tell you that a master‟s degree from Harvard Business School in the US is the key to a Fortune 500 job, while the same degree from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, US, means a possible career on Wall Street.It seems that the graduate school you go to somewhat decides your future. And a recent New York Times article reveals the correlation between MBA (Master of Business Administration) graduates at certain US schools and career prospects. To work at AmazonRoss School of Business (University of Michigan)Amazon regularly hires more MBAs from top 10 business schools than big Wall Street firms. And a large chunk of Americans employees are from Ross. Graduate Peter Faricy, vice president of Amazon Marketplace, says the reason behind this is that Ross‟ curriculum-related offerings, a problem-solvingcourse for instance, are particularly well suited to Amazon.To work at McKinsey& CompanyKellogg School of Management (Northwestern)For an MBA, landing a job at McKinsey is like trying to get into a competitive business school all over again. However, Kellogg graduates perform well in the fierce competition. The school‟s MBAs are in demand at elite consulting firms, which hired 35 percent of Kellogg graduates last year, a higher percentage than at Harvard (23 percent) andStanford (16 percent).To work at AppleFuqua School of Business (Duke)Silicon alley hasn‟t always welcomed MBAs. However, two of Apple‟s top 10 executives come from Fuqua. Apple has hired 32 Fuqua graduates over the past five years, and provided 42 internships for Duke students.To start your own companyHarvard Business SchoolThe extensive resources Harvard has devoted to its entrepreneurial offerings in recent years are starting to show real results. By many accounts, it has surpassed Stanford as the top entrepreneurial hot-bed in the US.60. Which university offers students a course on various approaches to difficulties at work?A. Kellogg School of Management.B. Ross School of Business.C. Harvard Business School.D. Fuqua School of Business.61. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. Consulting companies favor MBA students from Kellogg.B. Stanford produces the greatest number of business leaders.C. To work at Apple, MBA graduates have an advantage.D. Wall Street employs more MBAs from top 10 than Amazon.62. If you want to work in the area of hi-tech electronic products, you may choose to study in .A. Wharton SchoolB. Kellogg School of ManagementC. Ross School of BusinessD. Fuqua School of Business(C)“Two centuries ago, Lewis and Clark left St. Louis to explore the new lands acquired in the Louisiana Purchase,” George W. Bush said, announcing his desire for a program to send men and women to Mars. They made that journey in the spirit of discovery. America has ventured forth into space for the same reasons.”Yet there are vital differences between Lewis and Clark‟s expedition and a Mars mission. First, they were headed to a place where hundreds of thousands of people were already living. Second, they were certain to discover places and things of immediate value to the new nation. Third, their venture cost next to nothing by today‟s standards. A Ma rs mission may be the single most expensive non-wartime undertaking in U.S. history.Appealing as the thought of travel to Mars is, it does not mean the journey makes sense, even considering the human calling to explore. And Mars as a destination for people makes absolutely no sense with current technology.Present systems for getting from Earth‟s surface to low-Earth orbit are so fantastically expensive that merely launching the 1,000 tons or so of spacecraft and equipment a Mars mission would require could be accomplished only by cutting health-care benefits, education spending, or other important programs—or by raising taxes. Absent some remarkable discovery, astronauts, geologists, and biologists once on Mars could do little more than analyze rocks and feel awestruck(敬畏的) staring into the sky of another world. Yet rocks can be analyzed by automated probes without risk to human life, and at a tiny fraction of the cost of sending people.It is interesting to note that when President Bush unveiled his proposal, he listed these recent major achievements of space exploration pictures of evidence of water on Mars, discovery of more than 100 planets outside our solar system, and study of the soil of Mars. All these accomplishments came from automated probes or au tomated space telescopes. Bush‟s proposal, which calls for reprogramming some of NASA‟s present budget into the Mars effort, might actually lead to a reduction in such unmanned science—the one aspect of space exploration that‟s working really well.Rather than spend hundreds of billions of dollars to hurl tons toward Mars using current technology, why not take a decade or two or however much time is required researching new launch systems and advanced propulsion (推进力)? lf new launch systems could put weight into orbit affordably, and advanced propulsion could speed up that long, slow transit to Mars, the dream of stepping onto the red planet might become reality. Mars will still be there when the technology is ready.63. What do Lewis and Clark‟s expeditio n and a Mars mission have in common?A. Instant value.B. Human inhabitance.C. Venture cost.D. Exploring spirit.64. Bush‟s proposal is challenged for the following reasons except that .A. its expenditure is too huge for the government to afford.B. American people‟s well-being will suffer a lot if it is implementedC. great achievements have already been made in Mars exploration in AmericaD. unmanned Mars exploration sounds more practical and economical for the moment65. Which cannot be concluded from the passage?A. Going to Mars using current technology is quite unrealistic.B. A Mars mission will in turn promote the development of unmanned program.C. Bush‟s proposal is based on three recent great achievements of space explo rationD. The achievements in space exploration show how well unmanned science has developed.66. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Risky as it is, a Mars mission helps to retain Americas position as a technological leader.B. A Mars mission is so costly that it may lead to an economic disaster in America.C. Someday people may go to Mars but not until it makes technological sense.D. A Mars mission is unnecessary since the scientists once there won‟t make great discoveries.Section C—8分Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Being simple might be another reason.B. It was the only affordable way to play them.C. We should have admiration for this old technology.D. The current trend for old games shows no sign of slowing.E. Newer consoles and their games are incredibly expensive.F. So it seems like its not …game over‟ for old-school technologyRetro GamingThere‟s no doubt that in today‟s digital world, computer games are extremely sophisticated and capable of creating virtual reality experiences that were unimaginable only a few years ago. So I am interested to see that the simplistic games that I grew up with, are making a revival. But Why?In the 1970s, the original place to play a computer game was at an arcade. Here, you and your mates could try out the new big names in games such as Space Invaders and Pacman. 67 And because of the technology involved, the gaming machines were too big to fit into your house.But in the 1980s and 90s, gaming arrived in our homes and people like me were addicted. The sound of beeping became a familiar sound emanating from bedrooms across the land! Names such as Tetris, Sonic and Street Fighter became popular language in the playground—and now they are being talked about—and played again. One of the reasons is the low cost. The BBC spoke to gamer, Gemma Wood, who says that: 68 I understand that a lot of hard work has gone into the design etc... but how can anyone justify £50 to £60 for a game that you might not even enjoy?69 The graphics on old games may not compare with the detail and definition of modern games but they are fun and easy to use by children and adults alike. And of course, nostalgia plays its part. Some people want to relive their childhood while for others, it is a chance to show their children the computer games they grew up with.Technology journalist, KG Orphanides, says “it‟s important to recognize how well-designed many of those classic games are…the developers had so little space to work with-your average Sega Mega Drive or SNES cartridge had a maximum capacity of just 4mb-and limited graphics and sound capabilities. This compares to an average capacity of 40G in today‟s games.70This craze for using retro hardware and grabbing an old joystick is certainly catching on. And to persuade those of us who are not sure about downgrading the gaming experience, manufacturers such as Nintendo, are bringing back some of their older consoles in new style casing.IV. 71. Summary Writing—10分Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60wonds. Use your own words as, far as possible.Every time there is a mass shooting, the debate surrounding guns tends to flare up in America. The abuse of guns has been a serious problem in the US all along, but why doesn‟t the US government just dismiss owning guns privately?The right to own a gun and defend oneself is central to American society. As early as the1600s, when the first Europeans set foot on the continent of North America, they had to face a lot of dangers. They could only rely on themselves. Therefore, guns played a significant role in self-defense. Guns were also important in American‟s Independent War and the Civil War.Secondly, the American founding fathers believed that gun ownership was necessary for a truly free country. If the government distrusts the people and disarms them, then that government no longer represents the people. The Second Amendment to the US Constitution specifies that the American people cannot be deprived of the “right to keep and bear arms.” So the sale and purchase of firearms are leg al in the United States according to law.The importance of guns is also derived from the role of hunting in American culture. In the nation‟s early years, hunting was essential for food and shelter. Today, guns are a vital part of hunting, which remains very popular as both a sport and a way of life in many parts of the country. People spend time with friends, sharing the pleasure that the sport brings.For those reasons, when critics say guns mean violence, they miss a large part of the picture, and they misrepresent the complex nature of America‟s diverse gun culture. Most people who own guns privately, are actually part of the gun culture. They have rational and thoughtful reasons to own and use guns.V. Translation—15分72. 我们常常忍不住秒回刚收到的信息。

2018浦东高三物理二模浦东新区2018高三物理二模2018.04一、选择题（共40分。

1-8，每题3分，9-12，每题4分。

每小题只有一个正确答案。

）1．阴极射线是（）A．质子流B．电子流C．光子流D．中子流2．如果用绿光照射某金属表面能发生光电效应，那么一定能使该金属发生光电效应的是（）A．用蓝光照射B．用黄光照射C．用红外线照射D．用红光照射3．关于分子间的引力和斥力，下列说法正确的是（）A．分子间的引力总是大于斥力B．分子间的斥力随分子间距离增大而增大C．分子间的引力随分子间距离增大而减小D．分子间的引力和斥力不随分子间距离变化而变化24．用某单色光做光的双缝干涉实验，能在光屏上观察到干涉条纹。

若把其中一条缝遮住，则在光屏上（）A．没有任何条纹B．只有一条亮条纹C．有等间距的明暗相间的条纹D．有不等间距的明暗相间的条纹5．如图所示是查德威克发现中子的装置示意图，由天然放射性元素钋（Po）放射出的粒子流A轰击铍（Be）时会产生粒子流B，用粒子流B轰击石蜡时，会打出质子流C，图中粒子流A是（）A．中子流B．α射线C．β射线D．γ射线6．一列简谐横波沿x轴正方向传播，若a、b 两质点的平衡位置坐标分别为x a=3m、x b=5m ，34 当质点a 的加速度最大时，质点b （ ）A ．加速度最小B ．速度最小C ．位移最小D ．振幅最小7．某物体沿水平方向做直线运动，其v -t 图像如图所示，规定向右为正方向，则（ ）A ．在0～1s 内，物体做匀加速运动B ．在1s ～2s 内，物体向左运动C ．在1s ～3s 内，物体的加速度不变D ．在2s 末，物体回到出发点8．如图所示，实线表示电场线，v /(m t /虚线表示带正电粒子只受电场力作用的运动轨迹，粒子先经过M点，后经过N点，则（）A．M点的电势高于N点的电势B．M点的电场强度大于N点的电场强度C．粒子在M点的速度大于在N点的速度D．电场力对粒子做负功9．如图所示，当木板从图示位置缓慢转至水平位置的过程中，物块相对木板静止，则（）A．物块受到的支持力逐渐减小B．物块受到的摩擦力逐渐增大C．物块受到的合外力逐渐减小D．木板对物块的作用力保持不变10．如图所示，细绳一端系在小球O上，另一56 端固定在天花板上A 点，轻质弹簧一端与小球连接，另一端固定在竖直墙上B 点，小球处于静止状态。

浦东新区2018高三物理二模一、选择题（共40分。

1-8，每题3分，9-12，每题4分。

每小题只有一个正确答案。

）1．阴极射线是（）A．质子流B．电子流C．光子流D．中子流2．如果用绿光照射某金属表面能发生光电效应，那么一定能使该金属发生光电效应的是（）A．用蓝光照射B．用黄光照射C．用红外线照射D．用红光照射3．关于分子间的引力和斥力，下列说法正确的是（）A．分子间的引力总是大于斥力B．分子间的斥力随分子间距离增大而增大C．分子间的引力随分子间距离增大而减小D．分子间的引力和斥力不随分子间距离变化而变化4．用某单色光做光的双缝干涉实验，能在光屏上观察到干涉条纹。

若把其中一条缝遮住，则在光屏上（）A．没有任何条纹 B．只有一条亮条纹C．有等间距的明暗相间的条纹 D．有不等间距的明暗相间的条纹5．如图所示是查德威克发现中子的装置示意图，由天然放射性元素钋（Po）放射出的粒子流A轰击铍（Be）时会产生粒子流B，用粒子流B轰击石蜡时，会打出质子流C，图中粒子流A是（）A．中子流B．α射线C．β射线D．γ射线6．一列简谐横波沿x轴正方向传播，若a、b两质点的平衡位置坐标分别为x a=3m、x b=5m，当质点a的加速度最大时，质点b（）A．加速度最小B．速度最小C．位移最小D．振幅最小v/(m·s-17．某物体沿水平方向做直线运动，其v -t 图像如图所示，规定向右为正方向，则（ ） A ．在0～1s 内，物体做匀加速运动 B ．在1s ～2s 内，物体向左运动 C ．在1s ～3s 内，物体的加速度不变 D ．在2s 末，物体回到出发点8．如图所示，实线表示电场线，虚线表示带正电粒子只受电场力作用的运动轨迹，粒子先经过M 点，后经过N 点，则（ ） A ．M 点的电势高于N 点的电势 B ．M 点的电场强度大于N 点的电场强度 C ．粒子在M 点的速度大于在N 点的速度 D ．电场力对粒子做负功9．如图所示，当木板从图示位置缓慢转至水平位置的过程中，物块相对木板静止，则（ ） A ．物块受到的支持力逐渐减小 B ．物块受到的摩擦力逐渐增大 C ．物块受到的合外力逐渐减小 D ．木板对物块的作用力保持不变10．如图所示，细绳一端系在小球O 上，另一端固定在天花板上A 点，轻质弹簧一端与小球连接，另一端固定在竖直墙上B 点，小球处于静止状态。

上海市浦东新区2018届高三二模数学试卷2018.04一.填空题(本大题共12题，1-6每题4分，7-12每题5分，共54分)… 2n 11.Iimn n 12.不等式一X0的解集为x 13•已知｛a n｝是等比数列，它的前n项和为S n，且83 4，8，则S5 _________________4.已知f 1(x)是函数f(x) log2(x 1)的反函数，贝U f 1(2) ______5.Ox丄)9二项展开式中的常数项为____________xx 2cos6.椭圆_ (为参数)的右焦点坐标为_____________y v3sinx 2y 42x y 3 一7.满足约束条件的目标函数f 3x 2y的最大值为_____________x 0y 08.函数f(x) cos2x ' 3si n2x , x R的单调递增区间为29.已知抛物线型拱桥的顶点距水面2米时，量得水面宽为8米，当水面下降1米后，水面的宽为________ 米10.一个四面体的顶点在空间直角坐标系O xyz中的坐标分别是(0,0,0)、(1,0,1)、(0,1,1)、(1,1,0),则该四面体的体积为 __________11.已知f(x)是定义在R上的偶函数，且f (x)在［0,)上是增函数，如果对于任意x ［1,2］, f (ax 1) f (x 3)恒成立，则实数a的取值范围是 _______________12.已知函数f (x) x2 5x 7 ,若对于任意的正整数n，在区间［1,n -］上存在m 1个n实数a。

、a1、a2、、a m，使得f(a°) f(Q) f(a2) f (a m)成立，则m 的最大值为_________二.选择题(本大题共4题，每题5分，共20分)213.已知方程x px 1 0的两虚根为洛、X2，若|X1 X2I 1，则实数p的值为( )A. 3B. 、5C. - 3 , ■- 5D. , 514. 在复数运算中下列三个式子是正确的： （1 ）1乙Z 2| | Z 1 |匕|;（ 2） | Z 1Z 2 ||Z 1 | | Z 2 |；r r r r（3）（z i Z 2） Z 3 Z 1 （Z 2 Z 3），相应的在向量运算中，下列式子：（1） | a b| | a | |b|;（2）|a b| |a| |b| ； （ 3）（a b ） c a （b c ），正确的个数是（ ） A. 0B. 1C. 2D. 315. 唐代诗人杜牧的七绝唐诗中有两句诗为：“今来海上升高望，不到蓬莱不成仙。

上海市浦东新区2018届高三下学期教学质量检测英语试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A —10分Directions:In Section A. you will hear fen short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Challenges. B. Hobbies. C. Jobs. D. Experiences.2. A. Interesting. B. Boring. C. Difficult. D. Amazing.3. A. Watching TV and videos.B. Replacing videos with TV.C. Parents’ involvement.D. Having baby sitters.4. A. A policeman. B. An accountant. C. A salesman. D. A bank teller.5. A. 7:40. B. 7:15. C. 7:20. D. 7:45.6. A. He will get someone to do it.B. She should do it herself.C. They don’t have to do it.D. He will clean the desk right away.7. A. By bus. B. By subway. C. By taxi. D. By car.8. A. He is not a good mechanic.B. He doesn’t keep his word.C. He spends his spare time doing repairs.D. He is always ready to offer help to others.9. A. She has been having a sad day.B. She needs to take a day off.C. She wants to play basketball, too.D. She has been annoyed by the noise.10. A. The man isn’t sure about the rehearsal.B. It’s better for the woman to wear a costume.C. The woman would regret it if she wore a costume.D. It wouldn’t make any difference if the woman did it.Section B—15 分Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear q question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. He qualified as a teacher.B. He became a student.C. He became a government researcher.D. He conducted a research on Zimbabwe.12. A. Children’s minds are not used to the full.B. It is a great drain on children’s time and energy.C. It highlights the flexibility of childre n’s minds.D. It prevents children from seeking answers by themselves.13. A. To teach people to understand the worldB. To instruct people how to raise good questions.C. To encourage people to study as they get older.D. To inform people of problems in foreign countries.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To serve as a time killer.B. To cultivate people’s reading killsC. To promote the sales of some books.D. To encourage people to take public transportation15. A. The stories are the short edition of some website articles.B. Users can choose the length and type of the stories.C. The stories are obtained by simply pressing a button.D. Users don’t need to pay for the short stories.16. A. From the boring travel experience.B. From the love for short stories.C. From the positive feedbackD. From the snack vending machine.Qusions17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. 5. B. 7. C. 8. D. 10.18. A. Because his friends don’t get off work till 5 p.m.B. Because there will be more friends to go to the cinema on Friday.C. Because the film will be more popular than the Wednesday’s.D. Because there are not enough tickets left for the 9 p.m. showing.19. A. Paying a deposit.B. E-ordering in advance.C. Paying right away.D. Collecting tickets one day ahead.20. A. The film. B. The date C. The seating. D. The viewers.II. Grammar and vocabularySection A—10分Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into the London Zoo that a wild puma 21(spot) forty miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts decided to investigate.The hunt 22 the puma began in a small village where a woman 23 (pick) blackbe rries saw “a large cat” only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being 24 it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at 25 place twenty miles away in the evening. 26 it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Several people complained of cat-like noises at night and a businessman on a 27(fish) trip saw the puma up a tree.The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, 28 where had it come from? As no pumashad been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one 29 have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing 30 (think) a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.Section B—10分Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. networkB. specifyC. traditionallyD. ingredientE. uneasyF. additionalG. culturallyH. blockI. determine J. requirement K. criticalA multicultural person is someone who is deeply convinced that all cultures are equally good, enjoys learning the rich variety of cultures in the world, and most likely has been exposed to more than one culture in his or her lifetime.You cannot motivate anyone, especially someone of another culture, until that person has accepted you. A multilingual salesperson can explain the advantages of a product in other languages, but a multicultural salesperson can motivate fo reigners to buy it. That’s a(an) 31difference.No one likes foreigners who are arrogant(自大的) about their own culture. The trouble is most people are arrogantly monocultural without being aware of it and even those who are can’t hide it. Foreigners sense monocultural arrogance at once and set up their own cultural barriers, which may effectively 32 any attempt by the monocultural person to motivate them.Multiculturalism is a(an) 33 that has been neglected too often in hiring managers for international positions. Even if your company is not a multinational one, chances are you’re in to uch with foreign customers or manufacturers Do you have the right employee to buildup the 34?For 20-odd years, I’ve run an executive-search firm from Brussels. When clients ask us to find the right person for a new pan-European sales or management position, I start by asking them to 35 the qualifications their ideal candidate would have. Most often they list the same qualities they would want for a domestic position, but with the 36 requirement that the new manager be fluent enough in English, German and French to cope with faxes and email. It sometimes takes me hours to persuade clients that the linguistic (语言的)abilities they see as crucial are not enough.Of course, it’s far more difficult to 37 candidates multiculturalism than it is to check their language skills—but it’s also a far more important 38 to success. I remember a company that asked me to check out a salesman they wereplanning to send to Mexico. He’d studied Spanish, and had grown up in New York City—the most 39 diverse place in America. But when I interviewed him, he turned out to have no concept of the great pride Mexicans took in their culture, and moreover he was 40 about Mexican restaurants and markets being dirty and unsafe. I rejected him just as Mexican buyers would have if he’d been s elected for the job.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A—15分Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Hailing from Sw eden, “plogging” is a fitness craze that sees participants pi ck up plastic litter while jogging adding a virtuous, environmentally driven element to the sport. Plogging appears to have started around 2016, but is now going global, due to increasing awareness and 41 over plastic levels in the ocean.The appeal of plogging is its 42—all you need is running gear and a bin bag, and the feeling of getting fit while supporting a good cause. By adding regular squats(蹲) to pick up junk and carrying 43 to jogging. we can assume the health benefits are increased.Running and good causes have always gone 44 —just think of all the fundraising marathon runners do. But there couldn’t be a more on-trend way of keeping fit than plogging.Anything that’s getting people o ut in nature and connecting 45 with their I environment is a good thing, says Lizzie Carr, an environmentalist who helped set up Plastic Patrol, a nationwide campaign to 46 our inland waterways of plastic poll ution. There’s been a real 47 in the public mindset around plastics, helped by things like Blue Planet highlighting how disastrous the crisis is,” she says.We need to keep momentum high and the pressure up, and empower people through 48 like plogging and Plastic Patrol.The plastic Patrol app allows users to 49 plastic anywhere in the world by collecting discarded items, photographing them and 50 to the app, giving us a better knowledge of what sorts of plastic and which brands are being thrown out. “I’d urge all ploggers to get involved,” adds Carr.P logging isn’t the first fitness trend to combine running with a good cause, Here are some of our favourites: Good GymIts idea is simple: go for a run, visit an elderly person, have a chat and some tea, and run back.51 among the elderly is a growing problem in the UK. With over 10,000 runs so far, 52, Good Gym is finding a solution.Guide RunningGuide runners volunteer their time to helping blind people get 53. By linking themselves together, the 54 —impaired individual can feel safe while both work of a sweat.55 for the HomelessStart-up Stuart Delivery and the Church Housing Trust collaborated last year in bringing clothing and healthy food to the homeless. Deliveries are mostly made by bike, so those who deliver keep fit while helping rough sleepers(无家可归者).41. A. satisfaction B. hesitation C. fear D. control42. A. complexity B. simplicity C. instrument D. expense43. A. substance B. responsibility C. value D. weight44. A. one on one B. head to toe C. hand in hand D. on and off45. A. positively B. neutrally C. objectively D. fairly46. A. accuse B. rid C. assure D. rob47. A. shift B. interest C. aid D. delight48. A. motives B. performances C. exercises D. initiatives49. A. eliminate B. map C. seek D. degrade50. A. leading B. devoting C. ending D. uploading51. A. Disappointment B. Tiredness C. Sickness D. Loneliness52. A. therefore B. moreover C. however D. instead53. A. excited B. ready C. active D. smart54. A. visually B. audibly C. visibly D. sensibly55. A. Running B. Plogging C. Driving D. CyclingSection B—22 分Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In 1982, I had responsibility for Stephen Hawking’s third academic book for the Press,Superspace and Supergravity. This was a messy collection of papers from a technical workshop on how to devise a new theory of gravity. While that book was in production, I suggested he try something easier: a popular book about the nature ofthe Universe, suitable for the general market.Stephen hesitated over my suggestion. He already had an international reputation as a brilliant theoretical physicist working on rotating black holes and theories of gravity. And he had concerns about financial matters: importantly, it was impossible for him to obtain any form of life insurance to protect his family in the event of his death or becoming totally dependent on nursing care. So, he took precious time out from his research to prepare the rough draft of a book.At the time, several bestselling physics authors had already published non-technical books on the early Universe and black holes. Stephen decided to write a more personal approach, by explaining his own research in cosmology and quantum theory.One afternoon, in the 1980s, he invited me to take a look at the first draft, but first he wanted to discuss cash. He told me he had spent considerable time away from his research, and that he expected advances and royalties (定金和版税) to be large. When I pressed him on the market that he foresaw, he insisted that it be on sale, up front, at all airport bookshops in the UK and the US. I told that was a tough call for a university press. Then I thumbed the typescript. To my dismay, the text was far too technical for a general reader.A few weeks later he showed me a revision, much improved. Eventually, he decided to place it with a mass market publisher rather than a university press. Bantam published A Brief History of Time in March 1988. Sales took off like a rocket, and it ranked as a bestseller for at least five years. The book’s impact on the popularization of science has been incalculable.56. What suggestion did the writer give to Stephen Hawking?A. Simplifying Superspace and Supergravity.B. Formulating a new theory of gravity.C. Writing a popular book on the nature of the universe.D. Revising a book based on a new theory.57. Which of the following was Stephen Hawking most concerned about?A. Financial returns.B. Other competitors.C. Publishing houses.D. His family’s life insurance.58. The underlined word thumbed is closest in meaning to .A. praisedB. typedC. confirmedD. browsed59. The greatest contribution of the book A Brief History of Time lies in .A. bringing him overnight fame in the scientific worldB. keeping up the living standard of his familyC. making popular science available to the general publicD creating the rocketing sales of a technical book(B)Conventional wisdom may te ll you that a master’s degree from Harvard Business School in the US is the key to a Fortune 500 job, while the same degree from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, US, means a possible career on Wall Street.It seems that the graduate school you go to somewhat decides your future. And a recent New York Times article reveals the correlation between MBA (Master of Business Administration) graduates at certain US schools and career prospects.To work at AmazonRoss School of Business (University of Michigan)Amazon regularly hires more MBAs from top 10 business schools than big Wall Streetfirms. And a large chunk of Americans employees are from Ross. Graduate Peter Faricy, vice president of Amazon Marketplace, says the reason behind thi s is that Ross’ curriculum-related offerings, a problem-solvingcourse for instance, are particularly well suited to Amazon.To work at McKinsey& CompanyKellogg School of Management (Northwestern)For an MBA, landing a job at McKinsey is like trying to get into a competitive business school all over again. However, Kellogg graduates perform well in the fierce competition. The school’s MBAs are in dem and at elite consulting firms, which hired 35 percent of Kellogg graduates last year, a higher percentage than at Harvard (23 percent) and Stanford (16 percent).To work at AppleFuqua School of Business (Duke)Silicon alley hasn’t always welcomed MBAs. However, two of Apple’s top 10 executives come from Fuqua. Apple has hired 32 Fuqua graduates over the past five years, and provided 42 internships for Duke students.To start your own companyHarvard Business SchoolThe extensive resources Harvard has devoted to its entrepreneurial offerings in recent years are starting to show real results. By many accounts, it has surpassed Stanford as the top entrepreneurial hot-bed in the US.60. Which university offers students a course on various approaches to difficulties at work?A. Kellogg School of Management.B. Ross School of Business.C. Harvard Business School.D. Fuqua School of Business.61. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. Consulting companies favor MBA students from Kellogg.B. Stanford produces the greatest number of business leaders.C. To work at Apple, MBA graduates have an advantage.D. Wall Street employs more MBAs from top 10 than Amazon.62. If you want to work in the area of hi-tech electronic products, you may choose to study in .A. Wharton SchoolB. Kellogg School of ManagementC. Ross School of BusinessD. Fuqua School of Business(C)“Two centuries ago, Lewis and Clark left St. Louis to explore the new lands acquired in the Louisiana Purchase,” George W. Bush said, announcing his desire for a program to send men and women to Mars. They made that journey in th e spirit of discovery. America has ventured forth into space for the same reasons.”Yet there are vital differences between Lewis and Clark’s expediti on and a Mars mission. First, they wereheaded to a place where hundreds of thousands of people were already living. Second, they were certain to discover places and things of immediate value to the new nation. Third, their venture cost next to nothing by today’s standards.A Mars mission may be the single most expensive non-wartime undertaking in U.S. history.Appealing as the thought of travel to Mars is, it does not mean the journey makes sense, even considering the human calling to explore. And Mars as a destination for people makes absolutely no sense with current technology.Present systems for getting fr om Earth’s surface to low-Earth orbit are so fantastically expensive that merely launching the 1,000 tons or so of spacecraft and equipment a Mars mission would require could be accomplished only by cutting health-care benefits, education spending, or other important programs—or by raising taxes. Absent some remarkable discovery, astronauts, geologists, and biologists once on Mars could do little more than analyze rocks and feel awestruck(敬畏的) staring into the sky of another world. Yet rocks can be analyzed by automated probes without risk to human life, and at a tiny fraction of the cost of sending people.It is interesting to note that when President Bush unveiled his proposal, he listed these recent major achievements of space exploration pictures of evidence of water on Mars, discovery of more than 100 planets outside our solar system, and study of the soil of Mars. All these accomplishments came from automated probes or automated space telescopes. Bush’s proposal, which calls for reprogramming some of NASA’s present budget into the Mars effort, might actually lead to a reduction in such unmanned science—the one aspect of space exploration that’s worki ng really well.Rather than spend hundreds of billions of dollars to hurl tons toward Mars using current technology, why not take a decade or two or however much time is required researching new launch systems and advanced propulsion (推进力)? lf new launch systems could put weight into orbit affordably, and advanced propulsion could speed up that long, slow transit to Mars, the dream of stepping onto the red planet might become reality. Mars will still be there when the technology is ready.63. What do Lewi s and Clark’s expedition and a Mars mission have in common?A. Instant value.B. Human inhabitance.C. Venture cost.D. Exploring spirit.64. Bush’s proposal is challenged for the following reasons except that.A. its expenditure is too huge for the government to afford.B. American people’s well-being will suffer a lot if it is implementedC. great achievements have already been made in Mars exploration in AmericaD. unmanned Mars exploration sounds more practical and economical for the moment65. Which cannot be concluded from the passage?A. Going to Mars using current technology is quite unrealistic.B. A Mars mission will in turn promote the development of unmanned program.C. Bush’s proposal is based on three recent great achievements of space explorationD. The achievements in space exploration show how well unmanned science has developed.66. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Risky as it is, a Mars mission helps to retain Americas position as a technological leader.B. A Mars mission is so costly that it may lead to an economic disaster in America.C. Someday people may go to Mars but not until it makes technological sense.D. A Mars mission is unnecessary since the scientists once there won’t make great d iscoveries.Section C—8分Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Being simple might be another reason.B. It was the only affordable way to play them.C. We should have admiration for this old technology.D. The current trend for old games shows no sign of slowing.E. Newer consoles and their games are incredibly expensive.F. So it seems like its not ‘game over’ for ol d-school technologyRetro GamingThere’s no doubt that in today’s digital world, computer games are extremely sophisticated and capable of creating virtual reality experiences that were unimaginable only a few years ago. So I am interested to see that the simplistic games that I grew up with, are making a revival. But Why?In the 1970s, the original place to play a computer game was at an arcade. Here, you and your mates could try out the new big names in games such as Space Invaders and Pacman. 67 And because of the technology involved, the gaming machines were too big to fit into your house.But in the 1980s and 90s, gaming arrived in our homes and people like me were addicted. The sound of beeping became a familiar sound emanating from bedrooms across the land! Names such as Tetris, Sonic and Street Fighterbecame popular language in the playground—and now they are being talked about—and played again. One of the reasons is the low cost. The BBC spoke to gamer, Gemma Wood, who says that: 68 I understand that a lot of hard work has gone into the design etc... but how can anyone justify £50 to £60 for a game that you might not even enjoy?69 The graphics on old games may not compare with the detail and definition of modern games but they are fun and easy to use by children and adults alike. And of course, nostalgia plays its part. Some people want to relive their childhood while for others, it is a chance to show their children the computer games they grew up with.Technology journalist, KG Orphanides, says “it’s important to recognize how well-designed many of those classic games are…the developers had so little space to work with-your average Sega Mega Drive or SNES cartridge had a maximum capacity of just 4mb-and limited graphics and sound capabilities. This compares to an average capacity of 40G in today’s games. 70This craze for using retro hardware and grabbing an old joystick is certainly catching on. And to persuade those of us who are not sure about downgrading the gaming experience, manufacturers such as Nintendo, are bringing back some of their older consoles in new style casing.IV. 71. Summary Writing—10分Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60wonds. Use your own words as, far as possible.Every time there is a mass shooting, the debate surrounding guns tends to flare up in America. The abuse of guns has been a serious problem in the US all along, but why doesn’t the US government just dismiss owning guns privately?The right to own a gun and defend oneself is central to American society. As early as the1600s, when the first Europeans set foot on the continent of North America, they had to face a lot of dangers. They could only rely on themselves. Therefore, guns played a significant role in self-defense. Guns were also important in American’s Independent War and the Civil War.Secondly, the American founding fathers believed that gun ownership was necessary for a truly free country. If the government distrusts the people and disarms them, then that government no longer represents the people. The Second Amendment to the US Const itution specifies that the American people cannot be deprived of the “right to keep and bear arms.” So the sale and purchase of firearms are legal in the United States according to law.The importance of guns is also derived from the role of hunting in Am erican culture. In the nation’s early years, hunting was essential for food and shelter. Today, guns are a vital part of hunting, which remains very popular asboth a sport and a way of life in many parts of the country. People spend time with friends, sharing the pleasure that the sport brings.For those reasons, when critics say guns mean violence, they miss a large part of the picture, and they misrepresent the complex nature of America’s diverse gun culture. Most people who own guns privately, are actu ally part of the gun culture. They have rational and thoughtful reasons to own and use guns.V. Translation—15分Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 我们常常忍不住秒回刚收到的信息。

浦东新区2018高三物理二模一、选择题（共40分。

1-8，每题3分，9-12，每题4分。

每小题只有一个正确答案。

）1．阴极射线是（）A．质子流B．电子流C．光子流D．中子流2．如果用绿光照射某金属表面能发生光电效应，那么一定能使该金属发生光电效应的是（）A．用蓝光照射B．用黄光照射C．用红外线照射D．用红光照射3．关于分子间的引力和斥力，下列说法正确的是（）A．分子间的引力总是大于斥力B．分子间的斥力随分子间距离增大而增大C．分子间的引力随分子间距离增大而减小D．分子间的引力和斥力不随分子间距离变化而变化4．用某单色光做光的双缝干涉实验，能在光屏上观察到干涉条纹。

若把其中一条缝遮住，则在光屏上（）A．没有任何条纹 B．只有一条亮条纹C．有等间距的明暗相间的条纹 D．有不等间距的明暗相间的条纹5．如图所示是查德威克发现中子的装置示意图，由天然放射性元素钋（Po）放射出的粒子流A轰击铍（Be）时会产生粒子流B，用粒子流B轰击石蜡时，会打出质子流C，图中粒子流A是（）A．中子流B．α射线C．β射线D．γ射线6．一列简谐横波沿x轴正方向传播，若a、b两质点的平衡位置坐标分别为x a=3m、x b=5m，当质点a的加速度最大时，质点b（）A．加速度最小B．速度最小C．位移最小D．振幅最小7．某物体沿水平方向做直线运动，其v-t图像如图所示，规定向右为正方向，则（）A．在0～1s内，物体做匀加速运动B．在1s～2s内，物体向左运动C．在1s～3s内，物体的加速度不变D．在2s末，物体回到出发点8．如图所示，实线表示电场线，虚线表示带正电粒子只受电场力作用的运动轨迹，粒子先经过M点，后经过N点，则（）A．M点的电势高于N点的电势B．M点的电场强度大于N点的电场强度C．粒子在M点的速度大于在N点的速度D．电场力对粒子做负功9．如图所示，当木板从图示位置缓慢转至水平位置的过程中，物块相对木板静止，则（）A．物块受到的支持力逐渐减小B．物块受到的摩擦力逐渐增大C．物块受到的合外力逐渐减小D．木板对物块的作用力保持不变10．如图所示，细绳一端系在小球O上，另一端固定在天花板上A点，轻质弹簧一端与小球连接，另一端固定在竖直墙上B点，小球处于静止状态。

浦东新区2017学年度第二学期教学质量检测高三物理2018.04 考生注意：1．试卷满分100分，考试时间60分钟。

2．本考试分设试卷和答题纸。

全卷包括三大题，第一大题为单项选择题，第二大题为填空题，第三大题为综合题。

3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写姓名、学校、准考证号，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。

作答必须涂或写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答一律不得分。

第一部分的作答必须涂在答题纸上相应的区域，第二、三部分的作答必须写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的位置。

一、选择题（共40分。

第1-8小题，每小题3分，第9-12小题，每小题4分。

每小题只有一个正确答案。

）1．阴极射线是（）（A）质子流（B）电子流（C）光子流（D）中子流2．如果用绿光照射某金属表面能发生光电效应，那么一定能使该金属发生光电效应的是（）（A）用蓝光照射（B）用黄光照射（C）用红外线照射（D）用红光照射3．关于分子间的引力和斥力，下列说法正确的是（）（A）分子间的引力总是大于斥力（B）分子间的斥力随分子间距离增大而增大（C）分子间的引力随分子间距离增大而减小（D）分子间的引力和斥力不随分子间距离变化而变化4．用某单色光做光的双缝干涉实验，能在光屏上观察到干涉条纹。

若把其中一条缝遮住，则在光屏上（）（A）没有任何条纹（B）只有一条亮条纹（C）有等间距的明暗相间的条纹（D）有不等间距的明暗相间的条纹5．如图所示是查德威克发现中子的装置示意图，由天然放射性元素钋（Po）放射出的粒子流A轰击铍（Be）时会产生粒子流B，用粒子流B轰击石蜡时，会打出质子流C，图中粒子流A是（）（A）中子流（B）α射线（C）β射线（D）γ射线6．一列简谐横波沿x轴正方向传播，若a、b两质点的平衡位置坐标分别为x a=3m、x b=5m，当质点a的加速度最大时，质点b（）（A）加速度最小（B）速度最小（C）位移最小（D）振幅最小7．某物体沿水平方向做直线运动，其v-t图像如图所示，规定向右为正方向，则（）（A）在0～1s内，物体做匀加速运动（B）在1s～2s内，物体向左运动（C）在1s～3s内，物体的加速度不变（D）在2s末，物体回到出发点8．如图所示，实线表示电场线，虚线表示带正电粒子只受电场力作用的运动轨迹，粒子先经过M点，后经过N点，则（）（A）M点的电势高于N点的电势（B）M点的电场强度大于N点的电场强度（C）粒子在M点的速度大于在N点的速度（D）电场力对粒子做负功9．如图所示，当木板从图示位置缓慢转至水平位置的过程中，物块相对木板静止，则（）（A）物块受到的支持力逐渐减小（B）物块受到的摩擦力逐渐增大（C）物块受到的合外力逐渐减小（D）木板对物块的作用力保持不变10．如图所示，细绳一端系在小球O上，另一端固定在天花板上A点，轻质弹簧一端与小球连接，另一端固定在竖直墙上B点，小球处于静止状态。

2018届上海市浦东新区高三下学期教学质量检测（二模）英语试题I. Listening ComprehensionSection A —10分Directions:In Section A. you will hear fen short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Challenges. B. Hobbies. C. Jobs. D. Experiences.2. A. Interesting. B. Boring. C. Difficult. D. Amazing.3. A. Watching TV and videos.B. Replacing videos with TV.C. Parents’ involvement.D. Having baby sitters.4. A. A policeman. B. An accountant. C. A salesman. D. A bank teller.5. A. 7:40. B. 7:15. C. 7:20. D. 7:45.6. A. He will get someone to do it.B. She should do it herself.C. They don’t have to do it.D. He will clean the desk right away.7. A. By bus. B. By subway. C. By taxi. D. By car.8. A. He is not a good mechanic.B. He doesn’t keep his word.C. He spends his spare time doing repairs.D. He is always ready to offer help to others.9. A. She has been having a sad day.B. She needs to take a day off.C. She wants to play basketball, too.D. She has been annoyed by the noise.10. A. The man isn’t sure about the rehearsal.B. It’s better for the woman to wear a costume.C. The woman would regret it if she wore a costume.D. It wouldn’t make any difference if the woman did it.Section B—15 分Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear q question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. He qualified as a teacher.B. He became a student.C. He became a government researcher.D. He conducted a research on Zimbabwe.12. A. Children’s minds are not used to the full.B. It is a great drain on children’s time and energy.C. It highlights the flexibility of childre n’s minds.D. It prevents children from seeking answers by themselves.13. A. To teach people to understand the worldB. To instruct people how to raise good questions.C. To encourage people to study as they get older.D. To inform people of problems in foreign countries.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To serve as a time killer.B. To cultivate people’s reading killsC. To promote the sales of some books.D. To encourage people to take public transportation15. A. The stories are the short edition of some website articles.B. Users can choose the length and type of the stories.C. The stories are obtained by simply pressing a button.D. Users don’t need to pay for the short stories.16. A. From the boring travel experience.B. From the love for short stories.C. From the positive feedbackD. From the snack vending machine.Qusions17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. 5. B. 7. C. 8. D. 10.18. A. Because his friends don’t get off work till 5 p.m.B. Because there will be more friends to go to the cinema on Friday.C. Because the film will be more popular than the Wednesday’s.D. Because there are not enough tickets left for the 9 p.m. showing.19. A. Paying a deposit.B. E-ordering in advance.C. Paying right away.D. Collecting tickets one day ahead.20. A. The film. B. The date C. The seating. D. The viewers.II. Grammar and vocabularySection A—10分Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into the London Zoo that a wild puma 21(spot) forty miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts decided to investigate.The hunt 22 the puma began in a small village where a woman 23 (pick) blackberries saw “a large cat” only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being 24 it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at 25 place twenty miles away in the evening. 26 it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Several people complained of cat-like noises at night and a businessman on a 27(fish) trip saw the puma up a tree.The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, 28 where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one 29 have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It isdisturbing 30 (think) a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.Section B—10分Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. networkB. specifyC. traditionallyD. ingredientE. uneasyF. additionalG. culturallyH. blockI. determine J. requirement K. criticalA multicultural person is someone who is deeply convinced that all cultures are equally good, enjoys learning the rich variety of cultures in the world, and most likely has been exposed to more than one culture in his or her lifetime.You cannot motivate anyone, especially someone of another culture, until that person has accepted you. A multilingual salesperson can explain the advantages of a product in other languages, but a multicultural salesperson can motivate fo reigners to buy it. That’s a(an) 31difference.No one likes foreigners who are arrogant(自大的) about their own culture. The trouble is most people are arrogantly monocultural without being aware of it and even those who are can’t hide it. Foreigners sense monocultural arrogance at once and set up their own cultural barriers, which may effectively 32 any attempt by the monocultural person to motivate them.Multiculturalism is a(an) 33 that has been neglected too often in hiring managers for international positions. Even if your company is not a multinational one, chances are you’re in touch with foreign customers or manufacturers Do you have the right employee to buildup the 34?For 20-odd years, I’ve run an executive-search firm from Brussels. When clients ask us to find the right person for a new pan-European sales or management position, I start by asking them to 35 the qualifications their ideal candidate would have. Most often they list the same qualities they would want for a domestic position, but with the 36 requirement that the new manager be fluent enough in English, German and French to cope with faxes and email. It sometimes takes me hours to persuade clients that the linguistic (语言的)abilities they see as crucial are not enough.Of course, it’s far more difficult to 37 candidates multiculturalism than it is to check their language skills—but it’s also a far more important 38 to success. I remember a company that asked me to check out a salesman they were planning to send to Mexico. He’d studied Spanish, and had grown up in New York City—the most 39 diverse place in America. But when I interviewed him, he turned out to have no concept of the great pride Mexicans took in their culture, and moreover he was 40 about Mexican restaurants and markets being dirty and unsafe. I rejectedhim just as Mexican buyers would have if he’d been selected for the job.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A—15分Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Hailing from Sweden, “plogging” is a fitness craze that sees participants pi ck up plastic litter while jogging adding a virtuous, environmentally driven element to the sport. Plogging appears to have started around 2016, but is now going global, due to increasing awareness and 41 over plastic levels in the ocean.The appeal of plogging is its 42—all you need is running gear and a bin bag, and the feeling of getting fit while supporting a good cause. By adding regular squats(蹲) to pick up junk and carrying 43 to jogging. we can assume the health benefits are increased.Running and good causes have always gone 44 —just think of all the fundraising marathon runners do. But there couldn’t be a more on-trend way of keeping fit than plogging.Anything that’s getting people out in nature and connecting 45 with their I environment is a good thing, says Lizzie Carr, an environmentalist who helped set up Plastic Patrol, a nationwide campaign to 46 our inland waterways of plastic poll ution. There’s been a real 47 in the public mindset around plastics, helped by things like Blue Planet highlighting how disastrous the crisis is,” she says.We need to keep momentum high and the pressure up, and empower people through 48 like plogging and Plastic Patrol.The plastic Patrol app allows users to 49 plastic anywhere in the world by collecting discarded items, photographing them and 50 to the app, giving us a better knowledge of what sorts of plastic and which brands are being thrown out. “I’d urge all ploggers to get involved,” adds Carr.Plogging isn’t the first fitness trend to combine running with a good cause, Here are some of our favourites: Good GymIts idea is simple: go for a run, visit an elderly person, have a chat and some tea, and run back.51 among the elderly is a growing problem in the UK. With over 10,000 runs so far, 52, Good Gym is findinga solution.Guide RunningGuide runners volunteer their time to helping blind people get 53. By linking themselves together, the 54 —impaired individual can feel safe while both work of a sweat.55 for the HomelessStart-up Stuart Delivery and the Church Housing Trust collaborated last year in bringing clothing and healthy food to the homeless. Deliveries are mostly made by bike, so those who deliver keep fit while helping rough sleepers(无家可归者).41. A. satisfaction B. hesitation C. fear D. control42. A. complexity B. simplicity C. instrument D. expense43. A. substance B. responsibility C. value D. weight44. A. one on one B. head to toe C. hand in hand D. on and off45. A. positively B. neutrally C. objectively D. fairly46. A. accuse B. rid C. assure D. rob47. A. shift B. interest C. aid D. delight48. A. motives B. performances C. exercises D. initiatives49. A. eliminate B. map C. seek D. degrade50. A. leading B. devoting C. ending D. uploading51. A. Disappointment B. Tiredness C. Sickness D. Loneliness52. A. therefore B. moreover C. however D. instead53. A. excited B. ready C. active D. smart54. A. visually B. audibly C. visibly D. sensibly55. A. Running B. Plogging C. Driving D. CyclingSection B—22 分Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In 1982, I had responsibility for Stephen Hawking’s third academic book for the Press,Superspace and Supergravity. This was a messy collection of papers from a technical workshop on how to devise a new theory of gravity. While that book was in production, I suggested he try something easier: a popular book about the nature of the Universe, suitable for the general market.Stephen hesitated over my suggestion. He already had an international reputation as a brilliant theoretical physicist working on rotating black holes and theories of gravity. And he had concerns about financial matters: importantly, it was impossible for him to obtain any form of life insurance to protect his family in the event of his death or becoming totally dependent on nursing care. So, he took precious time out from his research to preparethe rough draft of a book.At the time, several bestselling physics authors had already published non-technical books on the early Universe and black holes. Stephen decided to write a more personal approach, by explaining his own research in cosmology and quantum theory.One afternoon, in the 1980s, he invited me to take a look at the first draft, but first he wanted to discuss cash. He told me he had spent considerable time away from his research, and that he expected advances and royalties (定金和版税) to be large. When I pressed him on the market that he foresaw, he insisted that it be on sale, up front, at all airport bookshops in the UK and the US. I told that was a tough call for a university press. Then I thumbed the typescript. To my dismay, the text was far too technical for a general reader.A few weeks later he showed me a revision, much improved. Eventually, he decided to place it with a mass market publisher rather than a university press. Bantam published A Brief History of Time in March 1988. Sales took off like a rocket, and it ranked as a bestseller for at least five years. The book’s impact on the popularization of science has been incalculable.56. What suggestion did the writer give to Stephen Hawking?A. Simplifying Superspace and Supergravity.B. Formulating a new theory of gravity.C. Writing a popular book on the nature of the universe.D. Revising a book based on a new theory.57. Which of the following was Stephen Hawking most concerned about?A. Financial returns.B. Other competitors.C. Publishing houses.D. His family’s life insurance.58. The underlined word thumbed is closest in meaning to .A. praisedB. typedC. confirmedD. browsed59. The greatest contribution of the book A Brief History of Time lies in .A. bringing him overnight fame in the scientific worldB. keeping up the living standard of his familyC. making popular science available to the general publicD creating the rocketing sales of a technical book(B)Conventional wisdom may te ll you that a master’s degree from Harvard Business School in the US is the key to a Fortune 500 job, while the same degree from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, US, means a possible career on Wall Street.It seems that the graduate school you go to somewhat decides your future. And a recent New York Times article reveals the correlation between MBA (Master of Business Administration) graduates at certain US schools and career prospects.To work at AmazonRoss School of Business (University of Michigan)Amazon regularly hires more MBAs from top 10 business schools than big WallStreet firms. And a large chunk of Americans employees are from Ross. Graduate Peter Faricy, vice president of Amazon Marketplace, says the reason behind thi s is that Ross’ curriculum-related offerings, a problem-solvingcourse for instance, are particularly well suited to Amazon.To work at McKinsey& CompanyKellogg School of Management (Northwestern)For an MBA, landing a job at McKinsey is like trying to get into a competitive business school all over again. However, Kellogg graduates perform well in the fierce competition. The school’s MBAs are in demand at elite consulting firms, which hired 35 percent of Kellogg graduates last year, a higher percentage than at Harvard (23 percent) and Stanford (16 percent).To work at AppleFuqua School of Business (Duke)Silicon alley hasn’t always welcomed MBAs. However, two of Apple’s top 10 executives come from Fuqua. Apple has hired 32 Fuqua graduates over the past five years, and provided 42 internships for Duke students.To start your own companyHarvard Business SchoolThe extensive resources Harvard has devoted to its entrepreneurial offerings in recent years are starting to show real results. By many accounts, it has surpassed Stanford as the top entrepreneurial hot-bed in the US.60. Which university offers students a course on various approaches to difficulties at work?A. Kellogg School of Management.B. Ross School of Business.C. Harvard Business School.D. Fuqua School of Business.61. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. Consulting companies favor MBA students from Kellogg.B. Stanford produces the greatest number of business leaders.C. To work at Apple, MBA graduates have an advantage.D. Wall Street employs more MBAs from top 10 than Amazon.62. If you want to work in the area of hi-tech electronic products, you may choose to study in .A. Wharton SchoolB. Kellogg School of ManagementC. Ross School of BusinessD. Fuqua School of Business(C)“Two centuries ago, Lewis and Clark left St. Louis to explore the new lands acquired in the Louisiana Purchase,” George W. Bush said, announcing his desire for a program to send men and women to Mars. They made that journey in th e spirit of discovery. America has ventured forth into space for the same reasons.”Yet there are vital differences between Lewis and Clark’s expedition and a Mars mission. First, they were headed to a place where hundreds of thousands of people were already living. Second, they were certain to discover places and things of immediate value to the new nation. Third, their venture cost next to nothing by today’s standards. A Mars mission may be the single most expensive non-wartime undertaking in U.S. history.Appealing as the thought of travel to Mars is, it does not mean the journey makes sense, even considering the human calling to explore. And Mars as a destination for people makes absolutely no sense with current technology.Present systems for getting fr om Earth’s surface to low-Earth orbit are so fantastically expensive that merely launching the 1,000 tons or so of spacecraft and equipment a Mars mission would require could be accomplished only by cutting health-care benefits, education spending, or other important programs—or by raising taxes. Absentsome remarkable discovery, astronauts, geologists, and biologists once on Mars could do little more than analyze rocks and feel awestruck(敬畏的) staring into the sky of another world. Yet rocks can be analyzed by automated probes without risk to human life, and at a tiny fraction of the cost of sending people.It is interesting to note that when President Bush unveiled his proposal, he listed these recent major achievements of space exploration pictures of evidence of water on Mars, discovery of more than 100 planets outside our solar system, and study of the soil of Mars. All these accomplishments came from automated probes or automated space telescopes. Bush’s proposal, which calls for reprogramming some of NASA’s present budget into the Mars effort, might actually lead to a reduction in such unmanned science—the one aspect of space exploration that’s working really well.Rather than spend hundreds of billions of dollars to hurl tons toward Mars using current technology, why not take a decade or two or however much time is required researching new launch systems and advanced propulsion (推进力)? lf new launch systems could put weight into orbit affordably, and advanced propulsion could speed up that long, slow transit to Mars, the dream of stepping onto the red planet might become reality. Mars will still be there when the technology is ready.63. What do Lewis and Clark’s expedition and a Mars mission have in common?A. Instant value.B. Human inhabitance.C. Venture cost.D. Exploring spirit.64. Bush’s proposal is challenged for the following reasons except that.A. its expenditure is too huge for the government to afford.B. American people’s well-being will suffer a lot if it is implementedC. great achievements have already been made in Mars exploration in AmericaD. unmanned Mars exploration sounds more practical and economical for the moment65. Which cannot be concluded from the passage?A. Going to Mars using current technology is quite unrealistic.B. A Mars mission will in turn promote the development of unmanned program.C. Bush’s proposal is based on three recent great achievements of space explorationD. The achievements in space exploration show how well unmanned science has developed.66. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Risky as it is, a Mars mission helps to retain Americas position as a technological leader.B. A Mars mission is so costly that it may lead to an economic disaster in America.C. Someday people may go to Mars but not until it makes technological sense.D. A Mars mission is unnecessary since the scientists once there won’t make great d iscoveries.Section C—8分Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Being simple might be another reason.B. It was the only affordable way to play them.C. We should have admiration for this old technology.D. The current trend for old games shows no sign of slowing.E. Newer consoles and their games are incredibly expensive.F. So it seems like its not ‘game over’ for old-school technologyRetro GamingThere’s no doubt that in today’s digital world, computer games are extremely sophisticated and capable of creating virtual reality experiences that were unimaginable only a few years ago. So I am interested to see that the simplistic games that I grew up with, are making a revival. But Why?In the 1970s, the original place to play a computer game was at an arcade. Here, you and your mates could try out the new big names in games such as Space Invaders and Pacman. 67 And because of the technology involved, the gaming machines were too big to fit into your house.But in the 1980s and 90s, gaming arrived in our homes and people like me were addicted. The sound of beeping became a familiar sound emanating from bedrooms across the land! Names such as Tetris, Sonic and Street Fighter became popular language in the playground—and now they are being talked about—and played again. One of the reasons is the low cost. The BBC spoke to gamer, Gemma Wood, who says that: 68 I understand that a lot of hard work has gone into the design etc... but how can anyone justify £50 to £60 for a game that you might not even enjoy?69 The graphics on old games may not compare with the detail and definition of modern games but they are fun and easy to use by children and adults alike. And of course, nostalgia plays its part. Some people want to relive their childhood while for others, it is a chance to show their children the computer games they grew up with.Technology journalist, KG Orphanides, says “it’s important to recognize how well-designed many of those classic games are…the developers had so little space to work with-your average Sega Mega Drive or SNES cartridge had a maximum capacity of just 4mb-and limited graphics and sound capabilities. This compares to anaverage capacity of 40G in today’s games. 70This craze for using retro hardware and grabbing an old joystick is certainly catching on. And to persuade those of us who are not sure about downgrading the gaming experience, manufacturers such as Nintendo, are bringing back some of their older consoles in new style casing.IV. 71. Summary Writing—10分Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60wonds. Use your own words as, far as possible.Every time there is a mass shooting, the debate surrounding guns tends to flare up in America. The abuse of guns has been a serious problem in the US all along, but why doesn’t the US government just dismiss owning guns privately?The right to own a gun and defend oneself is central to American society. As early as the1600s, when the first Europeans set foot on the continent of North America, they had to face a lot of dangers. They could only rely on themselves. Therefore, guns played a significant role in self-defense. Guns were also important in American’s Independent War and the Civil War.Secondly, the American founding fathers believed that gun ownership was necessary for a truly free country. If the government distrusts the people and disarms them, then that government no longer represents the people. The Second Amendment to the US Constitution specifies that the American people cannot be deprived of the “right to keep and bear arms.” So the sale and purchase of firearms are legal in the United States according to law.The importance of guns is also derived from the role of hunting in Am erican culture. In the nation’s early years, hunting was essential for food and shelter. Today, guns are a vital part of hunting, which remains very popular as both a sport and a way of life in many parts of the country. People spend time with friends, sharing the pleasure that the sport brings.For those reasons, when critics say guns mean violence, they miss a large part of the picture, and they misrepresent the complex nature of America’s diverse gun culture. Most people who own guns privately, are actually part of the gun culture. They have rational and thoughtful reasons to own and use guns.V. Translation—15分Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 我们常常忍不住秒回刚收到的信息。

上海市浦东新区2018届高三下学期教学质量检测(二模)英语试题I. Listening ComprehensionSection A —10分Directions: In Section A. you will hear fen short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. Challenges.B. Hobbies.C. Jobs.D. Experiences.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: The set of stamps are rare. It took me a long time to collect them. By the way, do you like collecting stamps?W: Yes, but I prefer something challenging.Q: What are the two speakers talking about?2.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. Interesting.B. Boring.C. Difficult.D. Amazing.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: How do you find your Shanghai dialect learning, Mike?M: Oh, it’s quite beyond my capacity.Q: What does the man think of learning Shanghai dialect?3.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. Watching TV and videos.B. Replacing videos with TV.C. Parents’ involvement.D. Having baby sitters.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Sometimes when I’m busy, I let my baby watch videos. Can t his help his mental development? M: Passive activity probably won’t hurt, but TV and videos are poor substitutes for parents’ involvement. Q: What is good for babies’ mental growth according to the man?4.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. A policeman.B. An accountant.C. A salesman.D. A bank teller.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M: I need your ID and account number before I can cash your check.W: Sure, here’s my passport and driving license and my account number is on this card.Q: What’s the man’s occupation?5.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. 7:40.B. 7:15.C. 7:20.D. 7:45.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: Take it easy. It’s only 7:30 now. There are still 15 minutes to go before the movie starts. W: Don’t you remember our clock is 10 minutes slow?Q: What’s the time now?6.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. He will get someone to do it.B. She should do it herself.C. They don’t have to do it.D. He will clean the desk right away.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Hey, honey, can you grab a duster and get this desk cleaned?M: Oh, don’t bother. We are leaving in a minute.Q: What does the man mean?7.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. By bus.B. By subway.C. By taxi.D. By car.【解析】【原文】W: An exhibition of Picasso’s paintings is being held. Do you want to go with me?M: How can I miss it! But with the bus drivers on strike and taxis so expensive, we have no choice but to take the subway. If only we had a car.Q: How will they go to the exhibition?8.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. He is not a good mechanic.B. He doesn’t keep his word.C. He spends his spare time doing repairs.D. He is always ready to offer help to others.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Tom said he would come to repair our solar heater when he had time.M: He often says he is willing to help, but he never seems to have time.Q: What does the man imply about Tom?9.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. She has been having a sad day.B. She needs to take a day off.C. She wants to play basketball, too.D. She has been annoyed by the noise.【解析】【原文】M: Why haven’t you done your homework yet? It’s been a whole day.W: Oh, Daddy! How can I concentrate with that noise? The boys have been playing basketball all day long, just outside my window.Q: What does the girl mean?10.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. The man isn’t sure about the rehearsal.B. It’s better for the woman to wear a costume.C. The woman would regret it if she wore a costume.D. It wouldn’t make any difference if the woman did it.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Would it be OK if I wore a costume for the rehearsal tomorrow?M: Oh you would regret it if you didn’t.Q: What can we learn from the dialogue?Section B—15 分Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear q question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions are based on the following passage.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】11.A. He qualified as a teacher.B. He became a student.C. He became a government researcher.D. He conducted a research on Zimbabwe.12.A. Children’s minds are not used to the full.B. It is a great drain on children’s time and energy.C. It highlights the flexibility of children’s minds.D. It prevents children from seeking answers by themselves.13.A. To teach people to understand the worldB. To instruct people how to raise good questions.C. To encourage people to study as they get older.D. To inform people of problems in foreign countries.【答案】11. B 12. C 13. B【解析】【原文】“You are never too old to learn.” is what my father always told me, and he proved it. At the age of 55, he quit working to become a full-time student at our local university, studying government and political science. I understand now why he did it. Education is kind of wasted on the young. Sure, we teach children because young minds are flexible and open, but making them memorize hundreds of facts is a poor substitution for learning. I think the greatest service we can do is to teach children to ask questions and guide them in seeking the answers for themselves. “What’s the capital of Zimbabwe?” is a much less important question than, “What problems do people have in Zimbabwe?” If people were taught to ask the right q uestionsfrom a young age, the world wouldn’t be as hard to understand when they’re older. I think that’s the way my father saw it.QuestionsWhat did his father do later in his life?Which of the following statement is wrong about memorizing facts?What’s his father’s opinion on the main purpose of education? .Questions are based on the following passage.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】14.A. To serve as a time killer.B. To cultivate people’s reading killsC. To promote the sales of some books.D. To encourage people to take public transportation15A. The stories are the short edition of some website articles.B. Users can choose the length and type of the stories.C. The stories are obtained by simply pressing a button.D. Users don’t need to pay for the short stories.16.A. From the boring travel experience.B. From the love for short stories.C. From the positive feedbackD. From the snack vending machine.【答案】14. A 15. B 16. D【解析】【原文】Readers in Grenoble, a French city, can now enjoy a small bite of fiction instead of the snacks from the vending machine after the introduction of eight short-story dispensers.The free stories are available at the touch of a button, printing out on rolls of paper like a receipt. Readers are able to choose one minute, three minutes or five minutes of fiction. Just two weeks since launch, more than 10,000 stories have already been printed.The feedback is overwhelmingly positive. There are only eight dispensers in the city of Grenoble for now, but more are planned to be introduced. Requests are from all over the world—Australia, the US, Canada, Russia, Greece, Italy and Chile.Pleplé, the French publisher, hopes the stories will be used to fill the “dead time” of a regular journey to and from the place of one’s work. In the bus or the metro, everyone can make the most of these moments to read short stories, poems or short comics.The stories are drawn from the more than 60,000 stories on Short édition’s community website. Users are not able to choose what type of story—romantic, fantastical or comic—they would like to read.Pleplé said he and his team initially came up with the idea when having a break at the snack vending machine. They thought it would be cool to have it for short stories. Then, a couple of days later, the short-story dispenser was born.Questions:What is the purpose of the story dispenser?Which of the following is not true about the stories?Where does Pleplé’s inspiration come from?Questions are based on the following passage.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】17. A. 5. B. 7. C. 8. D. 10.18.A. Because his friends don’t get off work till 5 p.m.B. Because there will be more friends to go to the cinema on Friday.C. Because the film will be more popular than the Wednesday’s.D. Because there are not enough tickets left for the 9 p.m. showing.19.A. Paying a deposit.B. E-ordering in advance.C. Paying right away.D. Collecting tickets one day ahead.20. A. The film. B. The date C. The seating. D. The viewers.【答案】17. A 18. D 19. C 20. A【解析】【原文】W: Welcome to Wanda International Cinema. Can I help you?M: Umm… I want to know when “Operation Red Sea” is showing today.W: There are 6 showings today, one in the morning, another at noon, and then 3 p.m., 6 p.m., 9 p. m., and a midnight showing.M: OK, I want 5 tickets for the 9 p.m. showing tonight. Are there still 5 tickets available that are seated together?W: I’m sorry, there are only 3 tickets left. How about the 6 p.m. showing? There are still 7 tickets left for that show.M: But we have a date for dinner at 5 p.m., so we won't make the beginning of the movie.W: So would you like to see another movie? “Detective China Town 2” is very popular, too.M: No, we all want to see this one. Is there any way that we could buy tickets now for Friday’s screens?W: You can order ti ckets right now for the next three days. It’s Wednesday today. So, that’s OK. What time would you like?M: The 9 p.m. showing. I think there might be more people who want to see the movie on Friday. How many tickets can I buy at one time?W: The limit for advanced tickets is 10.M: OK, I'll have 8 tickets for the showing of “Operation Red Sea”. Are the tickets available?W: Yes, you’re lucky.M: By the way, when can I pick up the tickets?W: You can have them right now if you pay for them.M: Great! Thanks!Questions:How many tickets does the man want to buy for the 9 p.m. showing on Wednesday?Why does the man decide to buy the Friday's tickets?What will the man probably do to ensure 8 tickets for Friday?What does the man insists on?II. Grammar and vocabularySection A—10分Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into the London Zoo that a wild puma ___21___ (spot) forty miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts decided to investigate.The hunt ___22___ the puma began in a small village where a woman ___23___ (pick) blackberries saw “a large cat” only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts conf irmed that a puma will not attack a human being ___24___ it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at ___25___ place twenty miles away in the evening.___26___ it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Several people complained of cat-like noises at night and a businessman on a ___27___ (fish) trip saw the puma up a tree.The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, ___28___ where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one ___29___ have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, butthe puma was not caught. It is disturbing ___30___ (think) a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.【答案】21. had been spotted22. for 23. picking24. unless 25. another26. Wherever27. fishing28. but 29. must30. to think【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了有人发现一只野生美洲狮出现在伦敦以南40英里处的一个村子里，专家们已经展开调查，这引发了人们的不安。

上海市浦东新区2018届高三二模数学试卷2018.04一. 填空题（本大题共12题，1-6每题4分，7-12每题5分，共54分）1. 21lim1n n n →+∞+=-2. 不等式01xx <-的解集为3. 已知{}n a 是等比数列，它的前n 项和为n S ，且34a =，48a =-，则5S =4. 已知1()f x -是函数2()log (1)f x x =+的反函数，则1(2)f -=5. 91()x x+二项展开式中的常数项为6. 椭圆2cos 3sin x y θθ=⎧⎪⎨=⎪⎩（θ为参数）的右焦点坐标为7. 满足约束条件242300x y x y x y +≤⎧⎪+≤⎪⎨≥⎪⎪≥⎩的目标函数32f x y =+的最大值为8. 函数23()cos sin 22f x x x =+，x ∈R 的单调递增区间为 9. 已知抛物线型拱桥的顶点距水面2米时，量得水面宽为8米，当水面下降1米后，水 面的宽为 米10. 一个四面体的顶点在空间直角坐标系O xyz -中的坐标分别是(0,0,0)、(1,0,1)、(0,1,1)、(1,1,0)，则该四面体的体积为11. 已知()f x 是定义在R 上的偶函数，且()f x 在[0,)+∞上是增函数，如果对于任意[1,2]x ∈，(1)(3)f ax f x +≤-恒成立，则实数a 的取值范围是12. 已知函数2()57f x x x =-+，若对于任意的正整数n ，在区间5[1,]n n+上存在1m +个 实数0a 、1a 、2a 、⋅⋅⋅、m a ，使得012()()()()m f a f a f a f a >++⋅⋅⋅+成立，则m 的最大 值为二. 选择题（本大题共4题，每题5分，共20分）13. 已知方程210x px -+=的两虚根为1x 、2x ，若12||1x x -=，则实数p 的值为（ ） A. 3± B. 5± C. 3，5 D. 3±，5±14. 在复数运算中下列三个式子是正确的：（1）1212||||||z z z z +≤+；（2）1212||||||z z z z ⋅=⋅；（3）123123()()z z z z z z ⋅⋅=⋅⋅，相应的在向量运算中，下列式子：（1）||||||a b a b +≤+；（2）||||||a b a b ⋅=⋅；（3）()()a b c a b c ⋅⋅=⋅⋅，正确的个数是（ ）A. 0B. 1C. 2D. 315. 唐代诗人杜牧的七绝唐诗中有两句诗为：“今来海上升高望，不到蓬莱不成仙。