(考试必备)上海市普陀区2011届高三第一次质量调研语文

普陀区2011学年度高三年级第一次质量调研（语文试卷）2011.12 考生注意：1.本试卷满分为150分，其中阅读部分80分，写作部分70分，考试时间150分钟。

2.学生答题全部做在答题纸上。

3.答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

阅读部分（80分）一、阅读下面的文章，完成1-6题（17分）“文学花盆”铁凝①我喜欢鲜花和植物，即便不逢节日，每年也总有一些时候到花卉市场去买花，给自己，或送朋友。

北京有很多大型的花卉市场，我常去的那几家，由盆栽植物列成的长龙似的一排排通道一眼望不到头，常使我觉得就像走进了停靠着许多绿色火车的大站台。

在节日里，这些市场还会增添很多花卉品种，比如现在就有法国人喜爱的郁金香；初夏时节还会有被凡高画过的、同时也是法国国花的鸢尾花，让人感到神奇。

这里我并不想对大家过多介绍花卉市场的热闹、丰富，我注意到的是卖花人和他们手下的商品——花之间的某种关系。

②从前我一直以为，卖花的人因了常年和花朵、植物在一起，面容应该是从容而有生气的，性情也多半会诚朴安静。

但是我在很多时候遇到的卖花人并非如此。

他们［甲］、［乙］、［丙］。

面对你感兴趣的一盆花朵或绿叶植物，他们不耐烦向你介绍这些花朵树木的脾气秉性，只急于那些花的出售。

当你再三追问该如何养护，比如浇水的间隔时间，还有哪些花喜欢日照，哪些花喜欢阴凉等等，他们的回答则经常含混不清，他们会应付、甚至打发你似的说，怎么养都行，怎么浇水都行。

他们一边说着，一边侍弄着手下尚未出售的花。

他们忙着往君子兰肥厚的叶片上涂亮光油，又拿起喷壶往一株名为龙血的树上喷洒叶绿素，接着再给茶花和“仙客来”的盆子里施一点花朵鲜艳剂。

经过几番化学喂养的花朵们果然精神非凡，伸着脖子摇晃着油汪汪的头，呈现出某种突击出来的不自然的亢奋③很多次，我买回家去的盆栽花或者树，一个月内就死了。

而那些卖花人曾经告诉我，这些木本的植物可以一年年地活下去。

还有一盆名叫瑞典口红的吊兰，柔韧的枝条上缀满毛茸茸的绿叶，卖花人让我耐心等待绿叶中“口红”(小红花)的绽放，但此花买回家不出7天就已故去。

参考答案及评分标准阅读80分一、1．是衡量百姓幸福感的标准。

（或：民众主观生活质量的标准）（2分）2．D（2分）3．研究幸福指数在当今社会的意义以及所谓幸福感的内涵与内容构成。

（4分）4．D．（2分）5．说明幸福指数作为社会评价指标时可能存在的缺陷；指出其评价功能的局限性；使文章更加辩证严谨。

（3分）6．人们的模糊认识可能存在于以下几个方面：把衡量主观幸福感的幸福指数放大成为现实社会的客观写照；将追求GDP的增长与提升幸福指数完全对立；用幸福指数来衡量政府的绩效；用幸福指数来考量个人的政绩；追求幸福指数的无限增长；用一成不变的指标作为幸福指数的构成依据。

（3分。

写出其中一条得2分，写出2条得满分。

）二、7．表现了作者关注灾情，心系灾区的心情。

（2分）8．带有很浓感情色彩的纪念物。

（2分）9．C（2分）10．表现母亲爱子情深，点出丈夫对这件棉袄无比珍爱的原因。

（2分）11．D、F（4分）12．反复。

凸现“新里新面新棉花”中凝聚的深情，表现珍视和难以割舍。

（3分）13．看到捐献者对灾区的一片真情厚意。

（2分）14．从内容呈现看：作者把那些旧衣物比作“老照片”，于是通过联想，将这些图景一一呈现于读者眼前。

联想拓展了文章的内容。

从感情的脉络看：作者由一件“新里新面新棉花”的旧棉袄牵出陈年往事，揭示出“念想儿”中蕴含的丰富而深厚的情感，使文章的情感内蕴不仅仅停留在关注灾区，心系灾民这个单一的层面。

正是因为联想，文中不仅有对亲情的感怀，甚至隐含着对某一段特定历史的控诉和反思。

联想丰富了文章的情感。

从主旨的表现看，能成为“念想儿”的事物，正是因为这些事物能够让人联想起生活中温暖的点点滴滴。

联想呼应了文章的主题。

（4分）三、15．（6分）（1）奉命于危难之间；（2）少长咸集；（3）渌水荡漾清猿啼；（4）凝绝不通声暂歇；（5）水村山郭酒旗风；（6）皓月千里，浮光跃金；（7）茅檐长扫静无苔；（8）小楫轻舟四、16．五岳至尊（五岳之首）（1分）17．D（2分）18．同意浦起龙的观点。

上海市普陀区2010-2011学年度高三第二学期质量调研化学试卷2011.4本试卷分为第I卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。

全卷共9页。

满分150分。

考试时间120分钟第I卷（共66分）考生注意：1、答第I卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写学校、班级、姓名、学生考试编号，并用2B铅笔正确涂写学生考试编号。

2、第I卷（1—22小题），由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。

考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用2B铅笔涂黑。

注意答题纸编号和试题题号一一对应，不能错位。

答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。

答案不能写在试卷上，写在试卷上一律不给分。

相对原子质量：H—1 C—12 N—14 O—16 F－19 Cl－35.5 Xe—131 Co—59一、选择题：（本题共10分，每小题2分，只有一个正确选项，答案涂写在答题卡上。

）1．下列有机物的化学式与名称对应正确的是A．石碳酸B．TNTC．HCHO蚁醛D．CH2BrCH2Br 二溴乙烷2．通常依据物质的组成或性质对物质进行分类。

下列物质只按组成分类的是A．KAl(SO4)2是复盐、硫酸盐B．HClO是一元酸、不稳定酸C．Al2O3是金属氧化物、两性氧化物D．Mg(OH)2是二元碱、难溶性碱3．下列化学用语或表达式正确的是A．Na＋的电子排布式：1s22s22p63p1B．二氧化碳的电子式：C．N原子最外层轨道表示式：D．钢铁发生吸氧腐蚀的正极反应式：O2＋2H2O＋4e → 4OH－4．“结构决定性质”，有关物质结构的下列说法中正确的是A．碘熔化时一定破坏了化学键B．共价化合物不一定是电解质C．干冰晶体内存在非极性键与范德华力D．液态氟化氢中存在氢键，故氟化氢比氯化氢更稳定5．生活、科技、社会活动中，不正确的说法有A．石墨可用作原子核反应堆的电极材料和慢化剂等B．雨水的pＨ值一般小于7C．Cl2、O3、ClO2、皆可用作饮用水的消毒剂D．AgI和干冰都可用于人工降雨二、选择题：（本题共36分，每小题3分，只有一个正确选项，答案涂写在答题卡上。

2022学年度普陀区高三年级第一次质量调研（语文试卷）2022.12考生注意：1．试卷满分为150分，其中阅读部分80分，写作部分70分，考试时间为150分钟。

2．学生答题全部做在答题纸上。

3．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

一积累运用（10分）1. 按题目要求填空。

（5分）（1）谢公宿处今尚在，。

（李白《梦游天姥吟留别》）（1分）（2），先治其国。

（《·大学》）。

（2分）（3）《短歌行》中，诗人想象贤才屈驾前来归附自己的诗句是“，”。

（2分）2. 按题目要求选择。

（5分）（1）以下体现横暴权力的一项是（）。

（2分）A. 家长教训不懂规矩的孩子B. 合同违约时要求对方赔偿C. 封建君主对百姓提高赋税D. 在图书馆里禁止大声喧哗（2）将下列编号的语句依次填入语段空白处，语意连贯．．．．的一项是（）。

（3分）中国的科幻文学，。

，，。

①不断将人类抛入陌生化的世界中②它以丰富的想象力消解科学的枯燥与晦涩③以颠覆传统文学的方式赓续中国文学传统的使命④迫使读者从异于日常生活的角度观察和思考世界A.④②③①B. ③②①④C. ①②④③D. ②③④①二阅读（70分）（一）阅读下文，完成3—7题（16分）材料一①艺术创作是一个极为复杂精微的精神性生产劳动过程。

一般认为，艺术创作过程可以划分为艺术体验、艺术构思和艺术传达三个阶段。

艺术家从先于主体的客观世界的体验中获得创作欲望，然后对客观世界进行选择、提炼和加工，在脑海中形成主客渗透、情景交融的“意象”，这便是体验和构思的阶段。

②然而，艺术创作真正的困难在于，无论艺术家在艺术体验和艺术构思阶段怎么样进行海阔天空式的想象，但从根本上说，艺术家若是不把他的所思所想通过具体的艺术语言凝定成艺术作品，则这一切还都是空的。

正如雷诺阿说的，“一个人是在一幅画面前，而不是在一片美景面前立志要当画家的。

”这里所提到的“艺术语言”，指的是构成艺术形象的物质材料媒介或艺术表现手段。

上海市普陀区高考一模语文试题及答案写作（70分）27．根据以下材料，自选角度，自拟题目，写一篇不少于800字的文章。

不要写成诗歌。

一根纤细的毛发，放在手掌上不会有什么感觉；但若是落在眼睛里，就会痛苦万分。

答案要点及评分标准阅读80分一、1．A2．手舞足蹈、诗以言志3．该句将“诗”比喻为“一缕不灭的曙光”，以看似微弱却能破除黑暗的“一缕曙光”来体现诗对文明的启蒙，以曙光的“不灭”来强调诗贯穿整个中国文化史的意义，化抽象为形象，用物象鲜明而又意味崇高的喻体展现出作者对诗歌价值的推崇。

4．（1）帮助人类释放焦虑，摆脱蒙昧（2）帮助诗人宣泄情绪，超越世俗（3）面对脆弱的个体自我5．D6．C7．对画线句的理解1分，调动积累1分，具体分析2分。

8．（1）陶渊明（2）A（3）角度选择1分，结合文本内容具体分析2分，评价1分。

二、9．名画本该为公众欣赏，《向日葵》却归为私人所藏，令人遗憾。

10．C11．答案示例：作者从形态、色调、布局、位置等多方面入手，描摹生动，尤重神韵。

文中反复突现画面的主色调，即明亮的黄色，写向日葵时用比喻表现其“耀人眼目”，之后一再强调明亮的黄花又“衬在一片明亮亮的黄色阳光里”，色调之浓烈跃然纸上。

此外，作者还反复描述自己对画面的主观感受，将向日葵“孤零零”的形态置于“空荡荡”的背景中，渲染出“凄凉”、“孤清”的意境。

12．梵•高沉醉于色彩世界，因而以浓烈明亮的金黄来传达艺术探索的欢欣；他的艺术追求无人理会，因而画面孤清，令人望之心沉、寂寞。

13．女儿的可爱言行表现出旧时家庭的欢欣，与劳改生涯的凄苦形成鲜明的对比；农家孩子的欢笑喧哗再次引出对女儿此刻生活和心理的联想、想象，孩童天真的欢乐、女儿单纯的憧憬与残酷现实之间的距离更令作者感到痛苦、孤凄。

14．B15．答案示例：作者托物言志，以“向日葵”为线索，将不同阶段的人生感悟联系起来。

文章前半部分着重写购得《向日葵》的过程和对这幅名画的鉴赏感受，后半部分着重写十年动乱被迫劳改时的体验感受，“向日葵”从作者的审美对象发展成为与作者的生活、生命息息相关的精神寄托对象，寄寓了对生活难以泯灭的热爱。

普陀区2011学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷考生注意：1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题纸上将学校、姓名及准考证号填写清楚，并在规定的区域 内填涂。

答题时客观题用2B铅笔按要求涂写，主观题用黑色水笔填写。

2. 本试卷分为第I卷和第II卷，共12页。

满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

3. 考试后只交答题纸，试卷由考生自己保留。

II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B. C andD. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. Much to the disappointment of the neighboring countries, the Japanese government refuses to admit ______ crime they committed in ________ World War II in the history.A. the; theB. /;theC. /; /D. the;/26. Della was shocked not to find her car ________ she had parked it the night before and phoned the police immediatelyA. whereB. whichC. at whichD. around which27. Who would you rather ________the report instead of you?A. have writeB. have to writeC. writeD. have written28. We’ll be free tomorrow, so I suggest ________to the history museum.A. to visitB. visitingC. we should visitD. a visit29. The most serious problem _______ our teachers is how to send more students to topuniversities.A. facedB. facingC. to face toD. facing to30. The old man had expected to see all his children when in hospital ,but ________came to seehim.A. noneB. no oneC. someoneD. anyone31. In the early days there were not __________as many women migrant as there were males , so many of the men remained bachelors (单身汗)A. almostB. nearlyC. hardlyD. likely32.________these activities might seem childish and cause laughter rather than respect, in reality they require enormous amount of strength and fitness as well as determination..A. Even thoughB. AsC. In spite ofD. While33. Advertisem ents have become part of our everyday life and so it’s important that everyone of us _________ ourselves about them to avoid being fooled by them．A．be educated B．educates C．educate D．is to educate34. Living near the sea ,______________A. we enjoy healthy air and beautiful sight. B healthy air and beautiful sight is what we enjoy C. it is healthy air and beautiful sight we enjoy D so we enjoy healthy air and beautiful sight35. Although parents seem ____ good advice to their sons and daughters, their kids have marked them poorly on being good role models when it comes to dealing with life’s difficulties.A. givenB. givingC. to be givenD. to be giving36. Until now, talking giraffes have starred in cartoons, but never ____ making a sound in real life.A. have they heardB. have they been heardC. have heard theyD. they have been heard37. It is not how much money you will give us but that you are present at the ceremony ______ really matters.A. whichB. itC. whatD. that38. Mr Wang made up his mind to devote all he could＿＿his oral English before going abroad.A. improveB. to improveC. improvingD. to improving39. We should do more such exercises in the future，I think，_____ those we did yesterday.A. asB. likeC. aboutD. than40. How the loans are paid should be of little concern to the bank ________ they are paid on time.A．as well as B．as soon as C．as long as D．as far asSection BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A.ExactlyB. requires C .forced D. fiercely E. comfortF. elegantG.releasedH. arguedI. relatesJ. opinionsWhen Michael Wong was young, he was sensitive and shy. It was a huge task for him to talk toa stranger or go downstairs to the shops. But he found ___41___ through playing the piano.Recently, the Malaysian piano star ___42___ his latest album Never Apart. It’s made up of ten catchy (动听的) songs including the title song with the same name. Never Apart tells the story of a couple who are ___43___ to separate for a while, but they still cherish(珍藏) the beautiful memories they had.―Music sounds better when it ___44___ to true feelings,‖ he says.Now, Michael has grown up to be one of the most popular singers in Taiwan. His slow love songs including First Time and Fairytale are hits with heartbroken young people.Over the years, he has become bolder and learnt to voice ___45___ in his music. Once, he was asked to sing a song someone else wrote. But he didn’t like the song lyrics（歌词）, so he ___46___ they should be changed. ―If I broke up with someone, I don’t think I would have reacted in the same way as the story in the song,‖ he said. ―I want to tell people ___47___ how I will behave.‖ And it works. He says the song sounds better when he can sing it his own way.Michael is often called the piano prince. He’s ___48___ when he plays and sings along. ―WhenI play, inspirations rush to me like continuous streams. It ___49___ no effort.‖ But he still works hard to make his songs appea ling. ―I’ll go over every tiny detail to make the song worth listening to.‖(286 words)III. Reading comprehension:Section ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.One day, Miss Ellis gave her pupils a new kind of homework: homework on happiness. Her pupils would be ―happiness 50 ‖, and were to see what would happen when they tried to bring happiness to those around them. As part of their homework, all the students did really51 , wonderful things, but what Carla Chalmers did left everyone 52 . Several days afterthe homework had been handed out, Carla turned up carrying a big bag.―Here in this bag I have all the happiness I’ve collected so far,‖ she said 53 .On seeing this, everyone was filled with 54 , but Carla didn’t want to show anyone what was in the bag. Instead, she pulled out a small box and gave it to her teacher. When Miss Ellis had taken the box, Carla took a (n) 55 camera out of her own pocket and stood with it at the ready.―Open it, Miss Ellis.‖The teacher slowly opened the box and looked inside. A big smile 56 on her face, and at that moment Carla took a photo, C arla’s photo came out of the camera immediately, and she 57 it to Miss Ellis along with a sheet of paper. The teacher read the paper in silence, and when she, had finished, she gestured at the 58 .―Oh, so it’s…‖―Yes!‖59 Carla, opening the b ag. ―It’s a great big pile of smiles!‖She opened the bag and photos of different 60 fell out.The rest of the class tried to 61 how Carla had managed to create such a great big chain of happiness. All there in the box was a photo of a big smile. But everyone who had seen it felt happiness being transmitted（传送）to them, and in return, without 62 , every person 63 with a smile of their own.She managed to 64 understanding of the smile truth that every time you smile you are sending a gift to the world.50. A. explorers B. instructors C. players D. collectors51. A. regretful B. delightful C. stressful D. thankful52. A. surprised B. satisfied C. annoyed D. depressed53.A. disappointedly B. sadly C. amazedly D. smilingly54. A. astonishment B. kindness C. expectation D. pride55 A. expensive B. old – fashioned C. instant D. good-looking56. A. disappeared B. froze C. faded D. shone57. A. offered B. sold C. packed D. paid58. A. box B. bag C. camera D. pocket59. A. added B. questioned C. replied D. interrupted60. A. smiles B. teachers C. ceremonies D. friends61. A. try out B. focus on C. decide on D. figure out62. A. imagination B. expression C. hesitation D. reason63. A. responded B. refused C. demanded D. proved64. A. hide B. correct C. appreciate D. spreadSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A)While still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states—at least in getting people off welfare. It’s estimated that more than 2 million people have left the rolls since 1994.In the past four years, welfare rolls in Athens Country have been cut in half. But 70 percent of the people who left in the past tow years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour. The result: The Athens County poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percent—twice the national average.For advocates (代言人) for the poor, that’s an indication much more needs to be done.―More people are getting jobs, but it’s not making their lives any better,‖ says Ka thy Lairn, a policy analyst at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington.A center analysis of US Census data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996, a greater percentage of single, female-headed households were earning money on their own, but that average income for these households actually went down.But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.―Welfare was a poiso n. It was a toxin (毒素) that was poisoning the family,‖ says Robert Rector, a welfare-reform policy analyst. ―The reform in changing the moral climate in low-income communities. It’s beginning to rebuild the work ethic (道德观), which is much more important.‖Mr. Rector and others argued that once ―the habit of dependency is cracked,‖ then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards.65. From the passage, it can be seen that the author ________.A) believes the reform has reduced the government’s burdenB) insists that welfare reform is doing little good for the poorC) is overenthusiastic about the success of welfare reformD) considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful66. Why aren’t people en joying better lives when they have jobs?A) Because many families are divorced. B) Because government aid is now rare.C) Because their wages are low. D) Because the cost of living is rising.67. From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at ________.A) saving welfare funds B) rebuilding the work ethicC) providing more jobs D) cutting government expenses68. According to the passage before the welfare reform was carried out, ________.A) the poverty rate was lover B) average living standards were higherC) the average worker was paid higher wages D) the poor used to rely on government aid (B)According to a survey, which was based on the responses of over 188,000 students, today’s traditional-age college freshmen are ―more materialistic and less altruistic (利他主义的)‖ than at any time in the 17 years of the poll.Not surprising in these hard times, the student’s major objective ―is to be financially well off. Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life.‖ It follows then that today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting.Interest in teaching, social service and the ―altruistic‖ fields is at a low. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up.That’s no surprise either. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of her college instructors her first year on the job—even before she completed her two-year associate degree.While it’s true that we all need a career, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions—be they scientific or artistic.It is equally true that, in studying the diverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs.Weekly we read of unions who went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employerout of business. No company; no job. How shortsighted in the long run!But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense. I saw a cartoon recently which shows a group of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a conference table; one of them is talking on the intercom (对讲机): ―Miss Baxter,‖ he says, ―could you please send in someone who can distinguish right from wrong?‖From the long-term point of view, that’s what education really ought to be about.69. According to the author’s observation, college students ________.A) have never been so materialistic as todayB) have never been so interested in the artsC) have never been so financially well off as todayD) have never attached so much importance to moral sense70. The students’ criteria for selecting majo rs today have much to do with ________.A) the influences of their instructorsB) the financial goals they seek in lifeC) their own interpretations of the coursesD) their understanding of the contributions of others71. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A) Businessmen absorbed in their career are narrow-minded.B) Managers often find it hard to tell right from wrong.C) People engaged in technical jobs lead a more rewarding life.D) Career seekers should not focus on immediate interests only.(C)Brazil has become one of the developing world's great successes at reducing population growth—but more by accident than design. (2) While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates, Brazil has had better result without really trying, says George Martine at Harvard.Brazil's population growth rate has dropped from 2.99％a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1.93％a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average. Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas and installment (分期付款) plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect, role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the world's biggest producers of soap operas. Globo, Brazil's most popular television network, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities."Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction, they describe middle and upper class values—not many children, different attitudes towards sex, women working," says Martine. "They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behaviour and other values, which were put into a very attractive package."Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers. "This led to an enormous change in consumption patterns and consumption was incompatible (不相容的) with unlimited reproduction," says Martine.72.According to the passage, Brazil has cut back its population growth_______.A) by educating its citizens B) by careful family panningC) by developing TV programmes D) by chance73.The phrase "puts it down to" (Line 1, Para. 3) is closest in meaning to "_______"A) attributes it to B) sums it up asC) finds it a reason for D) compares it to74.Soap operas have helped in lowering Brazil’s birth rate because_______.A) they keep people sitting long hours watching TVB) they have gradually changed people’s way of lifeC) people are drawn to their attractive packageD) they popularize birth control measures75.What is Martine’s conclusion about Brazil’s po pulation growth?A) The increase in birth rate will promote consumption.B) The desire for consumption helps to reduce birth rate.C) Consumption patterns and reproduction patterns are contradictory.D) A country’s production is limited by its popu lation growth.Section CDirections:Read the following passage and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.A. Wok comprises pleasureB. The growth of interested is a long processC. A happy man ought to have some real hobbiesD. Every hobby does not suit youE. What the commanding people can do?F. Industrious men are divided into two classes76.The cultivation of a hobby and new forms of interest is therefore a policy of the first importance to a public man. But this is not a business that can be undertaken in a day or swiftly improvised by a mere command of the will. The growth of alternative mental interests is a long process. The seeds must by carefully chosen; they must fall on good ground; they must be sedulously tended, if the vivifying fruits are to be at hand when needed.77.To be really happy and really safe, one ought to have at least two or three hobbies, and they must all be real. It is no use starting late in life to say: 'I will take an interest in this or that.' Such an attempt only aggravates the strain of mental effort. A man may acquire great knowledge of topics unconnected with his daily work, and yet get hardly any benefit or relief. It is no use doing what you like; you have got to like what you do. Broadly speaking, human beings may be divided into three classes: those who are toiled to death, those who are worried to death, and those who are bored to death.78.It is no use offering the manual laborer, tiered out with a hard work week’s sweat and effort, the chance of playing a game of football on Saturday afternoon. It is no use inviting the politicianor the professional or business man, who has been working or worrying about serious things for six days, to work or worry about trifling things at the weekend.79.As for the people who can command everything they want, who can gratify every caprice and lay their hands on almost every object of desire -- for them a new pleasure, a new excitement if only an additional satiation. In vain they rush frantically round from place to place, trying to escape from avenging boredom by mere clatter and motion. For them discipline in one form or another is the most hopeful path.80.First, those whose work is work and whose pleasure is pleasure; and secondly, those whose work and pleasure are one. Of these the former are the majority. They have their compensations. The long hours in the office or the factory bring with them as their reward, not only the means of sustenance, but a keen appetite for pleasure even in its simplest and most modest forms. For them the working hours are never long enough. Each day is a holiday, and ordinary holidays, when they come, are grudged as enforced as enforced interruptions in an absorbing vocation. Yet to both classes, the need of an alternative outlook, of a change of atmosphere, of a diversion of effort, is essential.Indeed, it may well be that those work is their pleasure are those who and most need the means of banishing it at intervals from their minds.Section DDirections:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Five years ago，David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day．―I was a clothe s addict，‖he jokes．―I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled．‖Today David wears casual clothes— khaki pants and a sports shirt—to the office．He hardly ever wears a necktie．―I’m working harder than ever，‖Davi d says，―and I need to feel comfortable．‖More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work．In the United States，the change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual．In the early 1990s，many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday（but only on Friday）．This became known as―dress-down Friday‖or―casual Friday．‖―What started outas an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing，‖said business consultant Maisly Jones．Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes？One reason is that it's easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code．―A lot of young people don't want to dress up for work，‖ s ays the owner of a software company，―so it's hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code．‖Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes．In a study conducted by Levi Strauss and Company，85percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale．Only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a negative impact on productivity．Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money．―Suits are expensive，if you have to wear one every day，‖one person said．―For the same amount of money，you can buy a lot more casual clothes．‖81．Why David Smith refers to himself as having been―a clothes addict? ________________ ．82．David Smith wears casual clothes now，because_______________________________．83.The majority of the employers said casual dress_____________________________________84. According to this passage，what does it mean by a conservative dress code?______________________________________________________________第II 卷(共45分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我们再出发旅行前先要预定好机票和宾馆房间。

2024届上海市普陀区高三第一次质量调研考试语文试题一、名篇名句默写1．按题目要求填空。

（1）试使山东之国与陈涉度长絜大，比权量力，。

（贾谊《过秦论》）（2），天下归心。

（曹操《》）。

（3）《赤壁赋》中描写了月出之前苏轼与客泛舟游赤壁所见到的景象，即“ ，”。

二、语言文字运用2．按题目要求选择。

(1)将下列编号的语句依次填入语段空白处，语意连贯的一项是（）进行文献筛选，，。

研究者通过初步浏览，；然后，从中提取出自身课题研究所需要的信息。

①对搜索来的文献的价值进行评估、分类并筛选①是为了根据课题研究的目标和内容①对筛选出来的、具有较高价值的文献进行精读①选择符合要求的文献类型和文献篇目A．①①①①B．①①①①C．①①①①D．①①①①(2)小明将代表校文学社，和社团特邀嘉宾王教授进行微信沟通，以下是他草拟的一部分内容，其中有一处画线部分语言表达不得体，请帮他找出并修改。

王教授您好！很抱歉，【甲】之前邀请您下周六光临我校，【乙】为我们文学社成员指点迷津，【丙】现在因为和市级辩论赛时间冲突，【丁】我们决定把这个活动推迟到下个月，特此通知。

……三、现代文阅读阅读以下书籍资料，完成各题。

第1章搭设创新的舞台（节选）①本书的主题是创造力，开篇描述了什么是创造力，然后回顾了历史上富有创造力的人们工作和生活的方式，最后，你将明白如何才能让我们的生活与这些富有创造力的人的生活更接近。

②创造力是我们生活意义的核心来源。

第一，大多数有趣的、重要的、人性化的事情都来自创造力。

我们的基因构成中有98％与黑猩猩相同，但语言、价值观、艺术表达、对科学的理解以及对技术的研究让我们与众不同，它们都是个体创造力的结果。

这种创造力受到认可和奖励，并通过学习得以传递。

如果没有创造力，还真的很难区分人类和黑猩猩。

第二，当我们深入创造性活动之中时，会觉得比其他时候过得更充实。

艺术家在画架前或科学家在实验室中所体验到的兴奋，接近于我们希望获得的最理想的自我实现感，这种比自我更宏大的深邃感我们极少能从日常生活中获得，创造力让人生变得更丰富多彩。

上海市普陀区高考语文质量测试卷(时间：150分钟满分：150分)一阅读(80分)(一)阅读下文，完成1—7题。

(17分)①地球上自6亿年前出现动物以来，曾发生过6次“生物物种大灭绝”事件。

除了最为著名的发生在6500万年前的恐龙灭绝事件，规模最大、对生物发展影响最深远的一次发生在2.5亿年前的二叠纪未期。

近日，美国《科学》杂志公布了由中、澳、美、德等国科学家的最新发现：导致2.5亿年前的生物大灭绝事件的“元凶”，极有可能是硫化氢。

②根据化石记录，在寒武纪末期、奥陶纪末期、泥盆纪末期、二叠纪末期、三叠纪末期和白垩纪末期均发生过物种大灭绝事件。

其中，2.5亿年前的二叠纪生物灭绝事件是规模最大、涉及生物类群最多、影响最深远的一次。

研究表明：二叠纪未期，陆生生物大约70％的科未能摆脱灭绝的命运：海洋中则至少有90％以上的物种在这一时期消失。

在陆地上超过3/4的脊椎动物消失了，蜥蜴类、两栖类、兽孔目爬行类也急剧衰落。

繁盛于古生代早期的三叶虫、四射珊瑚、横板珊瑚、蜓类有孔虫以及海百合等全部绝灭，腕足动物、菊石、棘皮动物、苔藓虫等也遭受严重的打击。

在这次大灭绝中，整个地球生态系统也彻底更新，成为地球历史从古生代向中生代转折的里程碑。

其发生原因，科学界曾经提出过种种猜测，有的认为是超大规模火山爆发或者海平面的下降导致，有的认为是由于彗星、小行星等天体对地球的撞击，但是各种说法一直以来都未有充分证据证明，大灭绝的原因一直是个谜。

③2003年，一个由中、美、德、澳等国科学家组成的小组开始对二叠纪生物物种大灭绝的成因进行研究。

澳大利亚科学家葛瑞斯在从帕斯盆地提取的岩芯样品中发现了来自于绿硫细菌特征的分子化石。

绿硫细菌是一种适合生存于厌氧、硫化氢丰富的透光带环境中的自养型菌类，能利用硫化氢、单质硫等进行光合作用。

他们并且发现，岩石中的碳、硫同位素、铁离子丰度等都出现异常变化，由此推断出生物大灭绝期间帕斯盆地一带的海区严重缺氧和水体富含硫化物，现在唯一和当时情况类似的地区就是死海。

精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义讲义编号：学员编号：年级：高三课时数：3学员姓名：辅导科目：语文学科教师：学科组长签名及日期教务长签名及日期课题普陀区高三语文第一次模拟考试测试题授课时间：年月日备课时间：年月日教学目标重点、难点考点及考试要求教学内容一、阅读部分（80分）一、阅读下文，完成第1—5题。

（15分）①研究的过程就是□□□□和□□□□的过程，事情就是这么简单。

提问题的能力实际上是从很小的事情上慢慢培养出来的，孩子从小就在生活中学习如何提出问题和思考问题，进而寻找答案和做出判断。

在一个孩子成长的过程中，当他们常常面对父母向他们提出来的种种问题的时候，他们也往往会向大人提出许许多多的问题，而喜欢提问题的孩子往往是喜欢动脑子、喜欢学习的孩子。

如果没有人为和环境的压制，这种提问题的本领，应当随着年龄的增长而得到不断地发展和深化，并随着知识和阅历的增加，逐渐变成一种思考和研究问题的能力。

②然而，孩子这种提问题的能力和本领，不知从什么时候开始，在他们的成长过程中逐步弱化和消失了。

我们的许多父母大人，并不喜欢孩子老爱提问题，特别是提出那些挑战父母权威的问题。

最好是大人说什么，孩子就乖乖地照办。

乖孩子几乎就是听话孩子的同义词，而听话的孩子当然是那些不提出疑问的孩子。

我们的许多老师，也不喜欢那些爱提问题的学生，特别是提出那些老师也回答不了的问题，让老师下不了台、挂不住脸面。

我们的应试教育根本就是与提问题对着干。

教育的核心任务就是教会学生掌握和记住一套标准答案，在考试中再将标准答案原封不动地还给老师。

我们的许多领导，更是对那些喜欢提问题的下属不“感冒”。

许多领导喜欢的是成绩汇报，提问题往往成为对领导的不尊敬、不服从，甚至是犯上作乱。

下级最好也是将一套事先准备好的“标准答案”按原包装还给上级。

我们的社会也不太鼓励人们质疑。

在这样的氛围和环境下，我们提问题的能力和本领慢慢地被压抑住，并逐渐消失了。

③研究和创新的关键环节在于提出问题和解决问题。

2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）一阅读 80分（一）阅读下文，完成第1～6题。

（18分）家园城市①如何建设人类美好家园，是城市建设中一个迫在眉睫的重要问题。

城市建设不仅是指建造物质环境，而且是指营造人们的精神家园，后者是城市文化建设的核心。

②相对于西方发达国家，我国城市化起步较晚，但从20世纪80年代改革开放开始，城市化进程加快，发展迅速，伴随着我国城市化建设的飞速发展，相应的问题也产生了。

这些问题概括起来主要是两个：一是城市的雷同，二是文化的缺失。

两者又有着直接的关系，也就是说，城市的雷同是因为文化的缺失，而文化的缺失又表现为城市的雷同。

③近年来，人们对高品质城市的追求越来越迫切，出现了建设山水城市、生态城市、绿色城市、健康城市、家园城市等多种呼声，其中家园城市最具代表性，这是口口家园城市涵容了其他几种城市类型的物质性特点，口口突出了对以文化为基础的、把城市打造成人们精神家园的理想追求。

④家园城市必须具有充足的公共活动空间，城市的各种文化，教育、休闲、娱乐设施应满足各方面的需要，所以，设计者在注重学校、博物馆、图书馆、运动场等大型公共设施建设的同时，还应注意提供方便舒适、有亲切感的小尺度公共空间，如社区和街道的小公园，小广场，咖啡馆、茶馆等，以便于人与入之间的交流。

现代城市发达的通讯网络方便了人们远距离及时交流，但这种单一的联络方式，无法慰藉人们孤独的心灵，也不能满足人们面对面‚全信息交往‛的渴切，所以必须创造人与人能够近距离直接交流的公共空间和娱乐休闲场所，以增加人们当面交流的机会，减少城市人的心灵疾病。

⑤一个家园城市，应该做到布局合理，恰当处理建筑的虚与实之间的关系。

然而，我国今天的城市被高楼大厦的钢筋水泥和玻璃幕墙‚填满‛了，建筑与建筑之间缺乏有想象力的，开阔的空间，人们走在路上，会感到非常压抑和无助。

一个家园城市应当使生活于其中的居民得到精神上的放松喝愉悦。

心灵安逸，而不少压抑与紧张。

普陀区高三年级第一次调研考试语文试卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、现代文阅读 (共3题；共38分)1. （6分） (2019高三上·哈尔滨模拟) 阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。

①华为的鸿蒙操作系统于周五发布，引起了全球的强烈反响。

人们普遍认为，中国电信巨头创建的操作系统技术先进，具有逐步建立自身生态的强大增长力量。

它的诞生为全球运营系统模式的永久性变革拉开了帷幕。

②鸿蒙系统是基于微内核的全场景分布式操作系统。

也是世界上第一个基于微内核的操作系统。

它有四个特点：分布式架构，自然流畅性，内核安全性和生态共享。

分布式架构可以灵活地适应整个场景的丰富终端形式，可以支持各种不同的设备，包括大屏幕、手机、PC等，可以灵活地部署，对应不同的设备。

③过去几年的进展证明了华为能够走在技术领域的最前沿。

今天华为的技术和人才储备、中国的整体技术环境和市场支持力，都比华为从落后跟着走一直冲到5G领先位置那个阶段强了一大截。

鸿蒙的出现，恰好满足了中国整个软件业的迫切需要。

鸿蒙将为国内软件的全面崛起产生战略带动和刺激。

④美国打压华为对鸿蒙问世起到了催生作用。

鸿蒙问世无疑是被美国“逼”出来的，而美国对中国高科技企业施压已经成为一种战略趋势。

中国整个社会已经下定决心，自主开发核心技术。

鸿蒙是时代的产物，它代表了中国高科技必须实现的战略突破。

这是中国解决许多“卡脖子”问题的一个带动点。

鸿蒙与Apple和Android操作系统相比无疑正处于建设自身生态的早期阶段，但毫无疑问，它将很快在中国站稳脚跟，逐步走向全球。

鸿蒙的技术非常先进，虽然中国的超级市场需要大量的内部协调，但这个市场通常会为新的操作系统提供强有力的支持，这不会是一个悬念。

⑤一旦形式势促使鸿蒙安装在华为的全系列产品中，华为手机的销量将在短时间内下滑，但这种暂时性的损失将带来华为的进一步崛起，以及中国操作系统和软件产业回归的全面繁荣。

普陀区2011学年度高三年级第一次质量调研（语文试卷）2011.12考生注意：1.本试卷满分为150分，其中阅读部分80分，写作部分70分，考试时间150分钟。

2.学生答题全部做在答题纸上。

3.答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

阅读部分（80分）一、阅读下面的文章，完成1-6题（17分）“文学花盆”铁凝我喜欢鲜花和植物，即便不逢节日，每年也总有一些时候到花卉市场去买花，给自己，或送朋友。

北京有很多大型的花卉市场，我常去的那几家，由盆栽植物列成的长龙似的一排排通道一眼望不到头，常使我觉得就像走进了停靠着许多绿色火车的大站台。

在节日里，这些市场还会增添很多花卉品种，比如现在就有法国人喜爱的郁金香；初夏时节还会有被凡高画过的、同时也是法国国花的鸢尾花，让人感到神奇。

这里我并不想对大家过多介绍花卉市场的热闹、丰富，我注意到的是卖花人和他们手下的商品——花之间的某种关系。

从前我一直以为，卖花的人因了常年和花朵、植物在一起，面容应该是从容而有生气的，性情也多半会诚朴安静。

但是我在很多时候遇到的卖花人并非如此。

他们［甲］、［乙］、［丙］。

面对你感兴趣的一盆花朵或绿叶植物，他们不耐烦向你介绍这些花朵树木的脾气秉性，只急于那些花的出售。

当你再三追问该如何养护，比如浇水的间隔时间，还有哪些花喜欢日照，哪些花喜欢阴凉等等，他们的回答则经常含混不清，他们会应付、甚至打发你似的说，怎么养都行，怎么浇水都行。

他们一边说着，一边侍弄着手下尚未出售的花。

他们忙着往君子兰肥厚的叶片上涂亮光油，又拿起喷壶往一株名为龙血的树上喷洒叶绿素，接着再给茶花和“仙客来”的盆子里施一点花朵鲜艳剂。

经过几番化学喂养的花朵们果然精神非凡，伸着脖子摇晃着油汪汪的头，呈现出某种突击出来的不自然的亢奋很多次，我买回家去的盆栽花或者树，一个月内就死了。

而那些卖花人曾经告诉我，这些木本的植物可以一年年地活下去。

还有一盆名叫瑞典口红的吊兰，柔韧的枝条上缀满毛茸茸的绿叶，卖花人让我耐心等待绿叶中“口红”(小红花)的绽放，但此花买回家不出7天就已故去。

2024年上海市普陀区高三语文一模作文全文共5篇示例，供读者参考年上海市普陀区高三语文一模作文篇1高尔基曾说过：世界上最快而又最慢，最长而又最短，最平凡而又最珍贵，最容易被忽视而又最令人后悔的.，就是时间。

朋友，你想让青春无悔吗？你想让生活潇洒吗？你想让美丽永伴吗那么，请君走在时间前面。

早上铃响后，不在磨磨磳磳，一咕碌爬起，出门时比平时早了几分钟，哦，你成功了，如果这成为习惯的话；午饭时，平时晚食的你这次提早离席，哪怕只比一个人早，那么你成功了，如果这不是偶然的话。

没错，对事情的执着加上坚持到底的精神就是走在时间前面了。

社会主义的奠基人马克思不管政府对其的压迫，不管生活的窘迫，始终如一，终于创作出巨著《资本论》；太阳中心学说的奠基人哥白尼30年如一日，甚至用他的生命去坚持走在时间的前面，还需要一种敢于启程的勇气。

你不要说你想继续学习而因家贫等问题不得不停止，曹雪芹曾身在巨富之家，后家境衰败且亲人多丧，历十多年作《红楼梦》；不要说由于自身的缺陷而有心无力，司马迁一生大起大落，历尽坎坷，并受宫刑，却花了10年时间出《史记》；不要说资料少没时间，李时珍生在乱世，翻山越岭，尝遍百草，经27年而创《本草纲目》。

给自己一份启程的勇气吧！不要再过多地找借口了。

朋友，要想翻到墙那边去，请把帽子先丢过墙去，这样你的勇气自然就来了。

明日复明日，明日何其多，我生待明日，万事成磋跎。

不要让时光白白地在面前流失，消逝。

你不想做鲁迅先生口中的谋财害命之人吧？朋友，盛年不重来，一日难再晨。

及时当勉励，岁月不待人。

到年逾花甲之时才猛然醒悟，后悔莫及，那才是有心无力，到那时，只能是空悲切，白了少年头！青春最终经不起时间的洗礼而逝去，花容会凋谢，月貌会蒙上一片黑纱，没有一生伴你的美丽容颜。

不过，只要你拥有一颗不老的心，那么你将一生青春相伴，美丽相伴。

朋友，请上路吧！带着启程的勇气，携上坚定不移的信念和坚持到底的意志，怀着年轻美丽的心上路吧！朋友，愿你在时间大路上前程似锦！年上海市普陀区高三语文一模作文篇2人，虽然不能让时间休息片刻给自己有喘气的机会，但是抽象的时间是可以由人的智慧来驾驭。

整理日期整理人2011年2月24日星期四小セ上海市普陀区2011届高三年级第一次质量调研历史试题考生注意：1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）在答题卡上或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

2．答题前，务必在答题卡和答题纸上填写准考证号、学校和姓名。

3．答题纸与试卷的试题编号是一一对应，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

4．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

一、选择题（共30小题，每小题2分，共60分。

每题只有一个正确选项。

）1．右面是二里头遗址平面示意图，对于进一步探索二里头夏朝文化遗址有效方法是（）①进一步研究考古资料②研究《史记》等文献③研究《资治通鉴》等文献④研究先秦故事传说A．①②③ B．①③④C．②③ D．①②2．鼎是中国文化的一部分。

《左传》曾载：“桀有昏德，鼎迁于商，载祀六百。

商纣暴虐，鼎迁于周，德之修明，虽小，重也。

其奸回昏乱，虽大，轻也。

”由此从中可知“鼎”在商周时代的主要作用是（）①权力的象征②用于收藏③用于交换④隐喻政权A．①③B．①④C．②③④D．①③④3．有学者把文字的发明作为文明出现的标志之一，作为史料，下列所选取的一组甲骨文主要反映了中国古代的（）A．分封制B．宗法制C．郡县制D．内外服制4．唐德刚教授在《晚清七十年》中写到：“从秦国开始的我国历史上的第一次社会政治大转型，发自商鞅，极盛于始皇，而完成于汉武。

”这次“大转型”的主要表现是（）A．世袭制代替禅让制B．郡县制代替分封制C．行省制代替封国制D．内阁制代替三省制5．中国古代加强皇权削弱相权的方法主要有两种：一是起用身边的亲信近臣，以成决策核心。

另一种是令多人共行“宰相”之职，以相互牵制。

下列属于前者的措施是（）A．汉武帝设立中朝B．唐朝实行三省制C．宋代实行文官制D．秦朝三公九卿制6．陈寅恪《李唐氏族推测之后记》中说：“李唐一族之所以崛兴，盖取塞外野蛮精悍之血，注人中原文化颓废之躯，旧染既除，新机重启，扩大恢张，遂能别创空前之世局。