当前位置：文档之家 › 动词ing做状语

动词ing做状语

  • 格式：ppt
  • 大小：486.50 KB
  • 文档页数：19

下载文档原格式

  / 19

合集下载

动词-ing

动词-ing

非谓语动词之动词-ing形式一．动词-ing形式作状语1. 动词-ing形式做状语，其逻辑主语是句子的主语。

动词-ing形式做状语，是对谓语动词所表示的主语动作加以修饰或陪衬。

1），做时间状语Hearing the news, they all jumped for joy.听到这个消息，他们都高兴得跳了起来。

2），做原因状语Living far from the school, I have to get up early every morning.由于住得离学校远，我们只好每天早晨早起。

3）做结果状语He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces.他把杯子弄掉了，结果摔得粉碎3）做条件状语Playing all day (= if you place all day), you will waste your valuable time.要是整天玩，你就会浪费宝贵的时间现在分词有一般式、被动式、完成式和完成被动式四种形式，每一种形式的否定式都是直接在前面加not构成。

一般式表示主动的一般性的动作或者正在进行的动作；被动式表示正在进行的被动的动作；完成式表示发生在谓语动作之前的主动的动作；完成被动式表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动的动作。

Pressed from his parents, and realizing that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.(2012·福建高考)由于来自父母的压力，以及认识到浪费了太多的时间，这个男孩决定不玩电子游戏了。

Not having fully recovered from the operation, the patient was advised to stay in hospital for another two weeks.手术后还没有完全康复，这位病人被建议再住院两周。

19.动词-ing形式作状语

19.动词-ing形式作状语

动词-ing形式作状语吴国斌动词-ing形式作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、方式或伴随动作，相当于相应的状语从句。

1.作时间状语（有时可以在动词-ing形式前加一个表时间的连词，如when，while等）相当于时间状语从句Hearing the news, they immediately set off for Shanghai.=When they heard the news, they immediately set off for Shanghai.听到这个消息，他们立即动身去上海。

Having turned off the TV set, he began to go over his lessons.=After turning off the TV set, he began to go over his lessons.关掉电视机以后，他便开始复习功课。

2.作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句Being too young, he couldn’t join the army.=As he was too young, he couldn’t join the army.因为年幼，他不能参军。

Not knowing how to get there, I had to ask the way.=As I did not know how to get there, I had to ask the way.因为不知道如何到那里，我只得问路。

3.作条件状语，相当于条件状语从句Using your head, you’ll find a good way.=If you use your head, you’ll find a g ood way.动动脑，你就会想出一个好办法。

Driving too fast, you will damage the car.=If you drive too fast, you will damage the car.如果开车太快，你会把车子弄坏的。

动词ing做状语

动词ing做状语

动词ing做状语
动词ing做状语
1、表示目的
有时，动词的ing形式用来表示一个人为了做某事而做某事，多用于以下句子中：
He was putting on his coat in order to leave home.
他穿上外套准备离开家。

She stayed up late studying for the exam.
她为考试而熬夜学习。

2、表示时间
有时，动词的ing形式用来表示在某一段时间内做某事，多用于以下句子中：
He has been working in the company for five years.
他在公司工作了五年了。

She has been staying at home for two months.
她在家里呆了两个月了。

3、表示原因
有时，动词的ing形式用来表示一个人做某事的原因，多用于以下句子中：
He called to apologize for losing her address.
他打电话道歉是因为他把她的地址弄丢了。

She refused to go to the park because of raining.
她因为下雨而拒绝去公园。

动词ing形式作状语

动词ing形式作状语

三、表示条件（多置于句首）例：
1. Working hard(=If you work hard), you will succeed.
四、表示结果（多置于句末）例：
1. The snow lasted a week, leading to a serious traffic jam in the area.
2. The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, ___ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added
注意：-ing形式的完成式having done 表示其动作发生在谓语动词 的动作之前，一般作时间或原因状 the homework, she went shopping. =When she had finished the homework, she went shopping.
5、_____ from his clothes, he is not so poor. A. Judged C. To judge B. Judging D. Judge
6、_____ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered
3、European football is played in 80 countries, ____ it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. made D. to make

动词ing形式作状语

动词ing形式作状语

词-ing形式作状语动词-ing形式作状语可以修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随或补充。

1．表示时间:动词-ing形式作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句句首或句末Turning around, she saw a car driving up.=When she turned around, she saw a car driving up. 她转过身，看见一辆车朝她开来。

2．表示原因:表示原因的动词-ing形式一般置于句首，相当于一个原因状语句句首句中或句末Being ill, he could not walk any further.=As he was ill, he could not walk any further. 因为疲倦，他不能再往前走了。

3．表示结果:动词-ing形式作状语表示一种必然的结果，可扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简单句句末The fire lasted nearly a month, leaving nothing valuable.=The fire lasted nearly a month, and left nothing valuable.大火持续了近一个月，几乎没剩下什么值钱的东西。

4．表示条件：动词-ing形式作条件状语，相当于一个条件状语从句句首Being more careful，you can make fewer mistakes.=If you are more careful, you can make fewer mistakes.更细心点，你就会少犯错误。

5．表示让步动词-ing形式作让步状语，相当于一个让步状语从句句首Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.=Although they knew all this, they made me pay for the damage.尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。

动词的-ing形式作状语

动词的-ing形式作状语

动词的-ing形式作状语一、动词的-ing形式作状语时，通常都表示主语正在进行的另一动作，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬。

它可表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随动作，相当于相对应的状语从句。

二、注：从句的主语和主句的主语必须一致。

即-ing分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语，并表示主动的关系。

三、1.表示时间,代替时间状语从句Walking in the street, I met a friend of mine.=When I walked in the street, I met a friend of mine.2. 表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句，多置于句首或句末，也可置于句中She rang him up, hoping to get his support.= As she hoped to get his support, she rang him up.Being ill, he didn’t go to school=As he was ill, he didn’t go to school3.表示条件，多置于句首Working hard, you will succeed.=If you word hard, you will succeed.4.表示让步，多置于句首Being poor, the old man was happy.=Though he was poor, the old man was happy.5.表示结果，常置于句末The boy fell off his bike, breaking his right arm.= The boy fell off his bike, so he broke his right arm.6.表示方式或伴随,多置于句末，也可置于句首1) He sat at the table, reading a magazine.2) Laughing and talking, they went into the room.四、为强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生,在-ing形式短语前可用连词when, while等;为强调在谓语动词的动作之前或之后发生,在-ing形式短语前可用连词before或aftere.g. 1) Be careful when crossing the road.2) Don’t laugh while eating.3) Before going abroad, he lived here.4) After watching TV, he went to bed.五、在-ing形式短语前可用介词on,表示“一……就……”e.g. On arriving in Beijing, he went to see his uncle.(= As soon as he arrived in Beijing, he went to see his uncle.)。

动词-ing形式作状语

动词-ing形式作状语动词-ing形式可以作状语，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等,相当于相对应的状语从句。

动词-ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随情况状语时常位于句末。

1 表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。

（有时可在动词-ing前加一个表时间的连词，如when, while等）Having made full preparations, we are ready for the examination.我们已经作好了充分准备，现在可以应考了。

(= After we have made full preparations...)Hearing the news, they jumped with great joy.Having finished his homework, Henry went home. (= After having finished his homework/After he had finished his homework, Henry went home.)2 表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。

Being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday.由于生病，他昨天没有上学。

(= Since he was ill...)Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set.( =As he was poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set.)Not knowing his phone number, we couldn’t get in touch with him. (= Because we d idn’t know his phone number, we couldn’t get in touch with him.)3 表示结果，相当于一个并列谓语。

动词ing作状语

1、v-ing作状语可以修饰动词,在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随得情况等。

**时间状语动词得ing形式作时间状语时相当于一个状语从句,几乎每一个动词ing作状语时都可以转换成一个时间状语从句。

它表示动作如果与谓语动词得动作同时发生或紧接着发生,此时常用动词得ing形式得一般式,在强调动词得ing形式表示得动作先于谓语动词得动作时,用动词ing得完成时。

Eg;1、arriving in Paris,I lost my way。

=when I arrived in Paris ,I lost my way。

到巴黎后,我迷路了。

2、Hearing the exciting news,the boy jumped with joy。

=when the boy heard the exciting news,the boy jumped with joy。

听到这个令人激动得消息,男孩高兴得跳起来。

3、we are ready for the examination,having made full preparations。

= we are ready for the examination,when we have made full preparations。

我们已经做好充分得准备,现在可以应考了。

**原因状语动词得ing 作原因状语时,相当于一个原因状语从句,同时也可以转变为一个原因状语从句。

它表示得原因得动词ing 形式短语一般置于句首。

Eg;1、having smoked too much ,he has suffered from lung cancer。

=as he has smoked too much ,he has suffered from lung cancer由于抽烟过多,她得了肺癌。

2、living far from my pany,I have to get up early。

doing作状语

“He felt happy because he had won the game.” 可 转换为 “Winning the game, he felt happy.”
条件状语从句与doing的转换
要点一
如果条件状语从句中主语与主句 主语一致，且含有情态动词或…
“If you come early, you will see him.” 可转换为 “Coming early, you will see him.”
表示导致结果的原因
动词-ing形式还可以表示导致某种结果的原因，强调动作与 结果之间的因果关系。
表示条件
相当于if引导的条件状语从句
动词-ing形式可以表示条件，相当于if引导的条件状语从句的简化形式。
表示假设条件
动词-ing形式也可以表示假设条件，即某个动作或状态如果发生或存在，将会 导致什么样的结果。
Although raining heavily, they still went out.（尽管雨下得很大，他们还是出去了。 ）
过去分词作状语
表示时间
Once seen, it can never be forgotten.（一旦看到，就永远不会忘 记。）
表示条件
Given more time, we could have done it better.（如果给我们更 多的时间，我们可以做得更好。）
02
动词-ing形式作状语
表示时间
与谓语动词同时发生
动词-ing形式可以表示与谓语动词同 时发生的动作或状态，相当于一个时 间状语从句。
发生在谓语动词之前
动词-ing形式也可以表示发生在谓语 动词之前的动作，相当于一个时间状 语从句的简化形式。

ing分词作状语用法

ing分词作状语用法"ing"分词作状语是指将动词的现在分词形式作为句子中的状语，用来修饰句子的主语、谓语、宾语或整个句子。

"ing"分词作状语时可以表达时间、原因、方式、结果等不同的含义。

有以下几种常见的用法：1. 时间状语：表示主动的动作与谓语动词同时进行，或者谓语动作在其之后发生。

例如：- Walking in the park, I saw a beautiful flower. (当我在公园里散步时，我看到了一朵美丽的花。

)- After finishing my homework, I went to bed. (完成作业后，我去睡觉了。

)2. 原因状语：表示动词的原因或理由。

例如：- Being tired, she decided to take a nap. (因为累了，她决定小睡一会儿。

)- Knowing that she was late, he ran to catch the bus. (知道她迟到了，他跑去赶公车。

)3. 方式状语：表示动作的执行方式或方式特征。

例如：- She spoke to the audience, using simple and clear language. (她向观众们讲话时，使用简单明了的语言。

)- He drove home, carefully avoiding any traffic violations. (他小心地开车回家，避免任何交通违章。

)4. 结果状语：表示主句动作的结果。

例如：- The wind was blowing, making the trees sway. (风吹得树木摇摆不定。

)- The girl fell off her bike, hurting her knee. (女孩从自行车上摔下来，伤到了膝盖。

)需要注意的是，"ing"分词作状语时，一般位于句子的开头或中间，与句子的主语之间不加逗号分隔。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

5)表条件状语
Using your head, you will find a way.
(=If you use your head, you will find a way.)
一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。 Walking ahead ______________, you will see a white house.
既然你是一个学生，你就应该努力学习。 Being a student, you should study hard.
由于想到它或许e a student, you should study hard.）
Thinking he might be at home, I called him. (As I thought he might be at home, I called him.)
I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head． 我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。
Time permitting, we'll do another two exercises. 如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。
Time permitting, I will pay a visit to the whole city. (分词的逻辑主语是time , 而句子的主语是 I , 两者不构成主谓关系, 所以只能用独立主
动词—ing 形式做状语
动词-ing形式做状语，通常和主语之间存在 主动关系，表示主语进行的另外一个动作， 用来对谓语动词的动作加以补充。如果动 词—ing形式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动 作同时发生，就用一般式；如果先于谓语动 词的动作发生，就用完成式； 肯定 否定 一般式 V-ing 完成式 having done not V-ing not having done
状语的定义：
一）修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子， 说明整个动作或状态特征的句子成分， 叫做状语。 二）状语的表现形式。 1 副词及副词性词组 Light travels quickly. 2 介词短语 He has lived in the city for ten years.
3 不定式（短语） The box is too heavy to carry. 4 分词（短语） I. He is in the room making a model plane. II. Not knowing what to do, he decided to ask the teacher. III. Encouraged by the teacher, I made up my mind to learn English well. 5 名词（短语） Would you please come this way? 6. 从句 If you leave at 6 a.m tomorrow, you’d better go to bed now.
4) 表结果状语
Her mother died in 1990, leaving her with her younger brother. (=Her mother died in 1990, and left her with her younger brother.) 全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受 欢迎地歌曲。 The song is sung all over the country,_____________________________. making it the most popular song
3)表方式、伴随情况的状语 ：作伴随状语
地分词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个 动作， 或是与谓语所表示地动作（或状态）同时发生， 或是对谓语表示地动词（或状态）作进一步地 补充说明。
He sat on the sofa, watching TV. (=He sat on the sofa, and watched TV.)
(=While he was waiting for the bus,he read a copy of China Daily.)
2) 表原因状语
由于病了，他不能去学校。
Being ill, he didn’t go to school.
(=Because he was ill, he didn’t go to school.)
现在分词作状语
现在分词作状语往往和逻辑主语之间存在主 动关系。现在分词作状语，常常用来表示原 因、时间、方式或伴随状况、结果、条件、 让步、等。现在分词一般不用作表目的状语 （通常用不定式to do表目的状语）。
1）表时间状语
Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine. (=When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.) While waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.
现在分词作原因状语，分词结构否定 词通常放在现在分词前面。
1. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ______ the same A thing. A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said
Hearing the bell, the students began to enter the classroom. 听见铃声，学生们开始走进教室。 （听见和进入两个动作同时发生）
Having done the work, he went home. 完成了 工作，他就回家了。(完成工作这个动作在回 家之前）
2. There are hundreds of students _____ C in front of school gate to enter the school. A. waited B. to wait
C. waiting
D. wait
3. “You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, _______ away. B A. run B. running C. to run D. ran
格结构, 也就是给现在分词补充一个主语。)
有时也可用with (without) +名词（代词）+ 分词形式
With the lights burning, he fell asleep.
他点着灯睡着了。
Grammar work 语法专练
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. Not knowing ________(know) his address, I couldn’t go to see him yesterday. 2. Look out for cars when crossing _______(cross) the street. 3. Having closed (close) the windows and ____________ the door, the students left the room.
他们笑着谈着走进了教室。
Laughing and talking, they went into the classroom. __________________ 他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。
He stood leaning against the wall.
(＝He stood and leaned against the wall.)
A 4.______ his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.(上海91年题) A. Not knowing C. Not having known B. knowing not D. Having not known
6. 表示让步状语
动词-ing形式表让步状语，相当于一个 让步状语从句。 Being angry, I still try to smile.
= Although I am angry, I still try to smile.
特殊情况-----与逻辑主语构成独立主格结构：
动词-ing形式作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般要与 句子的主语一致，但有时它也可以有自己独立的主 语，这就是独立主格结构。