中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试2009年3月真题

1997.3上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试参考答案：SECTION 1: LISTENING TESTPart A: Spot Diction1. like a rocket2. crew3. cargo-hold4. laboratory5. plan6. in advance7. every week 8. next9. convenience 10.immense opportunities11. reusable 12.space station13. piece by piece 14. for the rest15. commonplace 16. platforms17. solar system 18. developed and available19. technology 20. extensive programmesPart B: Listening Comprehension1-5 A A C A A 6-10 B B D B D11-15 A B D D D 16-20 B D A D C21-25 B C C D B 26-30 A D C A CPart C: Listening and TranslationⅠ.Sentence Translation1.纽约有一场大雾，我们在那里被耽搁了。

2.在中国逗留期间，我们希望了解能否在此开一家新德分支机构。

3.我希望下星期某个时候能与安妮会面。

星期一上午合适吗？4.如果你有合格德资历与经验，工资会略微高一点。

5.他刚开始工作后，发现（工作）比他期望的要困难得多。

Ⅱ.Passage Translation1.我是10年前到美国的，但我非常清楚地记得那一天。

飞机下午三点钟降落在肯尼迪机场时，我德朋友在迎候着我。

天气很冷，下着雪，我却兴奋，一点也不在乎。

2.从监狱里获释的人当中大约有七成迟早会再进监狱。

有些人认为这正说明了一个人一旦成为罪犯，九可能永远是罪犯。

97年3月英译中The shape of the world is changing almost as dramatically as this city's skyline. Today the cold war is over. The risk of the global nuclear conflict has been greatly reduced and the free flow of goods and ideas is bringing to life the concept of a global village. But just as all nations can benefit from the promise of this new world, no nation is immune to its perils. W e all have a stake in building peace and prosperity, and in confronting threats that respects no borders—terrorism and drug trafficking, disease and environmental destruction. To meet these challenges most effectively, China and the United States must act in concert. Some argue that with the Cold W ar's end, the strategic importance of the US-China relationship has diminished. I believe they have it exactly backwards. As a new century begins, the importance of strengthening the ties between the United States and China will grow even greater.【参考译文】世界的面貌正在发生引人注目的变化，其变化之快几乎就象这座城市的空中轮廓。

目录中级口译岗位资格证书考试大纲(2002年版) (4)英语中级口译全真模拟 (9)试卷一(97年3月) (29)上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试 (29)SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (40 minutes) (29)Part A: Spot Dictation (29)Part B: Listening Comprehension (29)Part C: Listening and Translation (32)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (50 minutes) (33)SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes) (40)SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2) (30 minutes) (40)试卷二(97年9月) (41)上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试 (41)SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (40 minutes) (41)Part A: Spot Dictation (41)Part B: Listening Comprehension (41)Part C: Listening and Translation (45)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (50 minutes) (46)SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes) (55)SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2) (30 minutes) (55)试卷三(98年3月) (56)上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试 (56)SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (40 minutes) (56)Part A: Spot Dictation (56)Part B: Listening Comprehension (56)Part C: Listening and Translation (60)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (50 minutes) (61)SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes) (68)SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2) (30 minutes) (69)试卷四(98年9月) (70)上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试 (70)SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (40 minutes) (70)Part A: Spot Dictation (70)Part B: Listening Comprehension (70)Part C: Listening and Translation (73)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (50 minutes) (74)SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes) (82)SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2) (30 minutes) (82)试卷五(99年3月) (83)上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试 (83)SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (40 minutes) (83)Part A: Spot Dictation (83)Part B: Listening Comprehension (83)Part C: Listening and Translation (87)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (50 minutes) (88)SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes) (96)SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2) (30 minutes) (96)试卷六(99年9月) (97)上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试 (97)SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (40 minutes) (97)Part A: Spot Dictation (97)Part B: Listening Comprehension (97)Part C: Listening and Translation (101)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (50 minutes) (102)SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes) (109)SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2) (30 minutes) (109)试卷七(2000年3月) (110)上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试 (110)SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (40 minutes) (110)Part A: Spot Dictation (110)Part B: Listening Comprehension (110)Part C: Listening and Translation (114)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (50 minutes) (115)SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes) (121)SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2) (30 minutes) (122)试卷八(2000年9月) (123)上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试 (123)SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (40 minutes) (123)Part A: Spot Dictation (123)Part B: Listening Comprehension (124)Part C: Listening and Translation (127)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (50 minutes) (128)SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes) (136)SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2) (30 minutes) (137)试卷九(2001年3月) (138)上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试 (138)SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (40 minutes) (138)Part A: Spot Dictation (138)Part B: Listening Comprehension 1. Statements (138)Part C: Listening and Translation (142)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (50 minutes) (142)SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes ) (151)SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2) (30 minutes) (151)试卷十(2001年9月) (152)上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试 (152)SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (40 minutes) (152)Part A: Spot Dictation (152)Part B: Listening Comprehension (152)Part C: Listening and Translation (156)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (50 MINUTES) (157)SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 MINUTES) (167)SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2) (30 MINUTES) (167)试卷十一(2002年3月) (168)上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试 (168)SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (40 minutes) (168)Part A: Spot Dictation (168)Part B: Listening Comprehension (168)Part C: Listening and Translation (172)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (50 MINUTES) (174)SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 MINUTES) (183)SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2) (30 MINUTES) (183)试卷十二(2002年9月) (184)上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试 (184)SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (184)Part A: Spot Dictation (184)Part B: Listening Comprehension (184)Part C: Listening and Translation (188)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (189)SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (1) (198)SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2) (199)中级口译岗位资格证书考试大纲(2002年版) 《上海市英语中级口译岗位资格证书》是经上海市紧缺人才培训工程联席会议办公室审核和确认的紧缺人才岗位资格培训项目之一。

09年春季上海外语口译考试中级口译笔译真题Part A: Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.You might think that hamburgers were invented in the United States, but that is not totally true. These________ (1), or patties, actually came from Germany in the middle of the nineteenth century. They were brought to the United States by________(2) who came from the city of Hamburg. That is why________(3)was "hamburger steak'However, people in other place________(4) that 'they invented the hamburger. Perhaps we'll never have a ________(5).the there's no question that the hamburger was a________ (6). Why? Perhaps because at that time, industry was growing and a kind of food was need_________(7) for workers.The hamburger became even more popular_________(8) when the first chain of fast food restaurants was started. This chain was called “White Castle”. It served tiny hamburgers that were sold for only _________(9). Then, in the 1930s there came the _________(10) where customers were served in their cars by waiters in uniform. And the humburger was one of the most_________(11).By now, The hamburger was ready to_______(12) the world. And this happened with McDonald’s, which was actually a _________(13) at first. But by the early 1950s the hot dog was replaced by the hamburger. McDonald’s and other fast food restaurants ________(14) around the world throughout the rest of the twentieth century. McDonald’s alone has________(15) for everyone person in the world.The importance of the hamburger to _________(16) remains significant. About _______(17)of all sandwiches that are eaten are hamburgers. According to some sources,_________(18)of current workers in the United States had their first job at McDonald’s . But the face of the hamburger is changing _______ (19). Nowadays it is possible to buy a chicken burger, a turkey burger,________(20),or veggie burger.Part B: Listening Comprehension1. StatementsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE and you will not find them written on the paper, so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard .Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSER BOOKLET.l. (A) We were met by the head of the company at the airport.(B) We haw Mrs. Jones was the president of the company,.(C) Mrs. Jones used to be the secretary of the company(D) Mrs. Jones came to see us off at the airport.,2. (A) The board of directors asked about the changes.(B) The board 'of directors decided to invest more on the project.(C) The board of directors approved the revisions.(D) The board of directors could not understand her explanation.3. (A) Many university students prefer soft drinks to fresh fruits.(B) Most of them are first-or-second year college students(C) A number of college students refuse to disclose their identities(D) Not many students are interested in our research projects.4. (A) We decided to sell the car when the oil Prices rose.(B) We should not delay solving the problem of oil prices.(C) We were at a loss as to whether to buy that expensive car or not.(D) We didn't buy a car because of the floating oil prices.5. (A )Most of them are from low-income belies.(B) Most of them are in favor of a tax cut.(C) I know the Congress will veto the tax reform.(D) I propose the tax reform be debated in the Congress.6. (A) Effective self management skills are key to academic and career success.(B) If you spend a lot of time on your school work, you will become a good manager later(C) School work can be time-consuming and is likely to make you feel exhausted after class.(D) Good management calls for more time and energy on the part of the academic staff7. (A) Mr. Paul White has just been fired.(B) Mr. Paul White has forgotten the woman's name.(C) Mr. Paul White is looking for a job.(D) Mr. Paul White has the woman Promoted.8. (A) I shall give you a discount(B) The crisis is affecting the Whole world.(C) I shall come in my Sunday best.(D) The price is still too high.9. (A) He finished the negotiation in three days.(B) He was on a business trip ten days ago.(C) His toughness cost him three more days.(D) His business trip lasted thirteen days.l0. (A) We are sure that our children will become positive members of the changing society.(B) Children with self esteem can make positive adjustment and achieve career success.(C) Personal goals can be reached with the help of parents who are competent members of the society(D) Parents with confidence will adapt themselves to the changes and accomplish personal goals.2. Talks and ConversationsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations. After each of these, you will hear after questions. Listen carefully because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONLY ONCE when you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Question8 11--14l 1. (A) The products were all made from fresh vegetables and fruits(B) The homemade products were actually made in the factory(C) The factory was equipped with the most sophisticated machinery(D) There were homemade fresh vegetables and fruits in the factoryl2. (A) You are special. (B) You are natural.(C) You are stupid. (D) You are dumbl3. (A) To better explain how to use that product.(B) To help reduce the promotion cost of that product.(C) To induce more famous people to use that product.(D) To get TV viewers to remember that product.l4. (A) Be easily affected by other products.(B) Be aware of the same kind of product.(C) Stick to that particular product. -(D) Strike a bargain for other products.Questions 15--18l5. (A) A flight over time zones. (B) A loss of one's characters. (C) A symptom of leg problems. (D) A condition of sleep disorders. l6. (A) Six hours. (B) Seven hours.(C) Eight hours (D) Nine hours.l7. (A) Avoid junk food, salty foods, caffeine and alcohol.(B) Drink as little water as possible between meals(C) Take drinks with less Sugar, carbonation or caffeine(D) Always have other fluid on the plane.l8. (A) Sleep as soon as possible.(B) Nap even during daytime.(C) Get a good night's sleep.(D) Relax yourself in a cafe.Questions 19--22l9. (A) He is overweight. (B) He is seriously ill(C) He is down with cold. (D) He is hale and hearty20. (A) Two (B) Ten.(C) twenty (D) Thirty2l. (A) It is the best (B) It is nutritious.(C) It is not enough (D) It is no healthy.22. (A) the man is a heavy smoker(B) The man is rather short.'(C) The man drives a car(D) The man works with a computer.''Questions 23--2623. (A) Chainman of the African Club.(B) Chainman of the International Club.(C) Chainman of the Irish Club.(D) Chainman of the Folk Music Club.24. (A) Once a week (B) Once a month(C) Once a semester (D) Once a year25. (A) The minutes of the last meeting.(B) The treasurer's report.(C) The Scottish and Irish Folk Dances.(D) The International Display Week.26. (A) to help the students from the same countries overcome their homesickness and other problems.(B) To set up booths decorated with pictures and things of interest in the respective countries.(C) To recruit anyone who can sew to help make costumes so that every club member can wear their national costume.(D) To teach the American students Scottish and Irish folk dances during the special even of the display.Que8tions 27--3027. (A) In Bath (B) In London.(C) In York (D) In the suburbs.28. (A) Students live in halls residence around the university buildings.(B) Students are encouraged to conduct their independent research project(C) Students first live in halls of residence and then are allowed to move out.(D) Students can share the common rooms with faculty members.29. (A) She couldn't find a room in the residential hall.(B) She could save money to pay for her studies.(C) She could mix well with the local people.(D) She could live in a comfortable house.30. (A) Give her some advice on how to strike a bargain.(B) Introduce her to the local people(C) Help her with the volunteer work.(D) Show her around the ancient cathedral cityPart C: Listening and Translation1. Sentence TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.(l)(2)(3)(4)(5)2. Passage TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.(1)(2)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (45 minutes)Directions: In this section, you wiIl read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1--5I came across an old country guide the other day.It listed all the tradesmen in each village in my part of the country,and it was impressive to see the great variety of services which were available on one's own doorstep in the late Victorian countryside.Nowadays a superficial traveler in rural Eng1and might conclude that the only village tradesmen still flourishing were either selling frozen food to the inhabitants or selling antiques to visitors. Nevertheless, this would really be a false impression. Admittedly there has been a contraction of village commerce, bul its vigor is still remarkable.Our local grocer's shop, for example, is actually expanding in spite of the competition from supermarkets in the nearest town. Women sensibly prefer to go there and exchange the local news whi1e doing their shopping, instead ofqueueing up anonymously at a supermarket. And the proprietor knows well that persona1 service has a substantial cash value.His Prices may be a bit higher than those in the town, bu he will deliver anything at any time. His assistants think nothing of bicycling down the village street in their lunch hour to take a piece of cheese to an old age pensioner who sent her order by word of mouth with a friend who happened to be passing. The more affluent customers telephone their shopping lists and the goods are on their doorsteps within an hour.They have only to hint at a fancy for some commodity outside the usual stock and the grocer a red-faced figure, instantly obtains it for them..The village gains from this sort of enterprise, of course. But I also find it satisfactory because a village shop offers one of the few ways in which a modest individualist can still get along in the world without attaching himself to the big battalions of industry or commerce.Most of the village shopkeepers I know, at any rate, are decidedly individualist in their ways. For example, our shoemaker is a formidable figure: a thick-set, irritable man whom children treat with marked respect, knowing that anill-judged word can provoke an angry eruption at any time. He stares with contempt at the pairs of cheap, mass-produced shoes taken to him for repair: has it come to this, he seems to be saying, that he, a craftsman, should have to waste his skills upon such trash? But we all know he will in fact do excellent work upon them.And he makes beautiful shoes for those who can afford such luxury.1.The services available in villages nowadays are normally_________.(A) fewer but still very active(B) less successful than earlier but managing to survive(C) active in providing food for the village and tourists(D) surprisingly energetic considering the little demand for them2.The local grocer’s shop is expanding even though________.(A) town shops are more attractive(B) town shops are larger and less well-known(C) people like to shop where they are less well-known(D) people get extra service in townshops3.How do the village grocer’s assistants feel about deliverin g goods?(A) They tend to forget it. (B) They will not consider it.(C) They take it for granted. (D) It does not seem worth their while4.Another aspect of personal service available in the village shop isthat_________.(A) there is a wide range of goos available(B) goods not in stock can be obtained whenever they are needed(C) special attention is given to the needs of wealthier customers(D) goods are always restocked before they run out5.In what way is the village shoem aker a “formidable figure”?(A) He seems to pay little attention to public opinion.(B) He refuses to mend cheap,mass-produced shoes.(C) He has a very rough temper.(D) He has very high standards of workmanship.Questions 6--10Drivers on the Basingstoke by-pass used to have their attention diverted by a sign that read—A MOMENT'S INATTENTION CAUSES ACCIDENTS. Thisself-defeating warning has now been removed, but its message is still very much to the point.Almost anyting can cause an accident. Apart from momentary inattention, it might be a minor miscalculation, a sudden fit of coughing, a bop on the head with a teddy-bear from a child in the back seat, an argument with the wife, fog, falling asleep at the wheel, bad eyesight, a glaring sun, ice, rain, wind, or snow—a1l these can make the difference between a tragic hit and a lucky miss. Although human error plays its part, it is by no means the only cause of accidends. There must be some cause other than simple human error. Road construction plays its part: researchers have found that it is not at the obvious danger spot—sharp corners, cross-roads, narrow lanes—that accidents happen.It is on those roads where there are subtle visual traps, unexpected changes in the shape or surface of the .road, or even insufficient or badly-placed signs. Wherever there is a 'black spot', it means that something is seriously wrong with the road. Why else did the careless driving of so many come out at that particular spot?What the law requires when you have an accidentThere are, firstly the legal formalities of exchanging names and addresses with others involved in an accident and, in certain cases, informing thepolice.However, you are required by law to stop after an accident only if:l Somebody other than yourself in or outside your car has been injured.2 A vehicle not your own has been damaged.3 Any horse, cow,donkey,sheep, or dog has been injured.It has been said that if a driver continues unaware of causing injury he must be acquitted. But the courts are wary of that excuse. Furthermore, the driver himself must wait at the scene; it is not enough for him to leave his chauffeur or a friend to attend to the boring formalities while he goes off on more important business.If you have been involved in an accident and have stopped, you must give your name, address, and registration number to anyone who has a good reason for requesting it; this means anyone affected by the accident. If these formalities are complied with it is not necessary to wait for the arrival of the police. It is,however, often wise to do so. The police are expert at drawing plans, taking measurements and photographs and gathering other evidence. In your absence the police could be given a biased story against you; and you yourself migh wam to point out certain features of the accident to the police.6. A MOMENT'S INATTENTION CAUSES ACCIDENTS' (para. l) is a self defeating Warning because______.(A) it will make a driver wait at the scene(B) it will distract the driver's attention(C) it is too difficult to understand(D) it is too long to be read by drivers7. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?(A) After an accident you have to give your name to anyone who asks for it.(B) Drivers on the Basingstoke by-pass used to ignore the sign.(C) Road construction problems can be a major cause of accidents.(D) A 'black spot' is a part of the road where there are no signs.8. 'Subtle visual traps' (para.3) are ______.(A) places where the police hide in order to trap motorists(B) parts of the road which are deceptive to the driver's eye(C) danger spots such as sharp corners and cross-roads(D) places where there are man road-signs9. As required by the law, you must stop after an accident, if ______.(A) you have been injured by somebody.(B) your car has been damaged.(C) you have injured somebody else(D) you have witnessed the accidentl 0. After an accident it is recommended that you wait for the police because _________.(A) it is against the law to drive off(B) they have to examine your licence and insurance certificate(C) they have to noto the position of your car(D) somebody may give them a false account of the accidentQuestions 11--15Just as word oil scarcity is already causing intemational conflicts, so will the scarcity of water reach a point where wars will break out. The statistics on water are already scary. Already well over l billion people suffer from water shortages and 30 countries get more than a third of their water from outside theirborders—an obvious source of disputes and instability especially as the climate changes. The whole of the sub-Saharan Africa, most of South Asia and western South America are most at risk. The reason: the rapid melting of glaciers due to global warning.At the meeting of the coalition of 27 Intemaional charities last month, Gareth Thomas, minister of Intenatonal Development of the British government, wrote to prime minister Gordon Brown demanding action to ensure fresh water to 1.1 billion people with poor supplies. "If we do not act now, the reality is that water supplies may become the subject of international conflict in the years ahead. We need to invest now to prevent us having to pay that price in the future", Thomas said. The department warned that two-thirds of theword's population will live in water-stressed countries by 2025.The coalition of charities has appealed for a global effort to bring running water to the developing world and supply sanitation to a further 2.6 billion people. It said that international investment is needed now to prevent competition for water to destabilize communities and escalate into conflicts.Tackling the water and sanitation crisis is essential if the Millennium Development Goal Call to Action is to be a success. Otherwise, progress on health, education, and environment sustainability will be undermined. Each year 443 million school days are lost globally to diarrhea and 1.8 million children die from these diseases. In fact, it is often not realized tha investing in sanitation and water brillgs the greatest public health gains, more than any other single development intervention and delivers enormous economicgains.Already, some Asian countries have put tackling these issues at the forefront of theirdevelopment efforts. The Millennium Development Goals aim to halve the proportion of people without access to safe drinking water by 20l5. To achieve that urgent action needs to be taken.There is no doubt that climate change is potentially the most important factor affecting water shor tage. This, compounded with a growing and increasingly urbanized global population will put pressure on food and water.For a temperature rise of 2°C, which is likely to happen by 2050, there would be a catastrophic 2 to 3 billion people suffering from water stress.11. What does the author think is primarily responsible for water shortages in the world ?(A) Climate chance. (B) Border dispute.(C) World competition. (D) Political instability12. According to Gareth Thomas, _______ is the price we have to pay for water shortage if we do not take immediate action.(A ) sanitation crisis (B) intemational conflict(C) global warming (D) over-urbanization13. What can the coalition of charities do to prevent competition for water ?(A) Appealing for international investment.(B) Bringing running water to the developing world.(C) Supplying sanitation to billions of water-stressed people.(D) Enhancing world environment sustainability13. The Millennium Development Goals aim to_______ in the near future.(A) tackle the water and sanitation crisis(B) yield economic gains as well as public health gains(C) mak progress on health, education and environment sustainability(D) provide more people with clean drinking water15. According to the passage, what will add to water shortage ?(A) Oil scarcity.(B) A drop in temperature(C) A growing population.(D) Reduced food supplyQuestions 16.-20Parenting was never a piece of cake in any age, but probably the greatest source of headache for parents today in Japan is the ubiquitous cellphone. Today, 96 percent of senior high school students and 58 percent of junior high school students have cellphones. Even among primary school children, 3l percent have them.By enabling youngsters to stay connected with their parents at all times, these gadgets help to keep children safe. For the kids, they are fun toys, too, that let them text to or chat with their pals whenever they wat, play Intemet games, and enjoy blogging for their own profile and diary purposes.But terrible dangers lurk beneath all that fun and convenience.Every year about l,000 children become involved in rape and other crimes through dating service sites. Violent and obscene images are only a couple of clicks away. On gakkoura saito, or so-called unofficial school websites where kids can post whatever they want, anyone can fall victim to brutal ''verbal mob lynching" by their peers.Amid today's urgent need to address these problems, the government’s Meeting on Education Rebuilding has issued a report. In response to the Prime Minister's recent comments---“I carmot think of one good reason for (letting youngsters) have a cellphone" and "I would like everyone to discuss whether cellphones are really necessary:" ----the report recommended that "parents, guardians, schools and all parties concerned should cooperate among themselves, so that elementary school pupils and junior high school students do not have a cellphone unless there is a compelling reason for them to do so."But since many parents believe in the necessity of cellphones as a safety tool, it is unrealistic to expect everyone to do away with them. Rather, it would make more sense for guardians, schools and cellphone companies to consider, from their respective standpoints,how cellphones should be used by children.We suggest that parents sit down with their offspring and talk about their “houserules”for cellphone use. For instance, sct the hours allowed, so the kids won't be texting to their friends late into the night, remind them never to give away personal information online, and so on..But there are limits to what individual families can do, and this is where we also suggest that schools should educate their pupils on the dangers of cellphone use. One way to go about this, for instance, may be for each class to set its own rules on sending e-mail messages.16. The word "ubiquitous" (para. l) is closest in meaning to ________.(A) updated (B) sophisticated(C) prevalent (D) obsolete17. Many parents let their kids have cellphones because they ________.(A) want their kids to keep up with the IT World(B) can't think of anything better for their kids to have fun(C) don't want their kids to miss 'what other kids have(D) believe cellphones endble them to stay connected18. Which of the following is NOT the potential risk kids may face when using cellphones?(A) Involvement in rape-related crime(B) Exposure to violent and obscene images(C) Falling victim to brutal curses.(D) Being tracked down by unofficial school websites.19. The report issued by the government’s Meeting on Education Rebuilding______.(A) recommended minimizing the use of cellphones among kids(B) suggested setting “house rules” for cellphone use(C) urged parents to remind their children about ce1lphone use(D) pressed schools to educate their pupils on the dangers of cellphone use20. What is the main idea of the passage?(A) Parents neglect to protect their kids from cellphones.(B) Parenting with cellphones is a source of headache.(C) Cellphones should be banned from campus.(D) Kids need lessons on the uses of cellphonesQuestion 21--25Extract IA stylish dining room with cream walls and curtains and black carpet as perfect foil to an eclectic array of furniture. Many of the pieces are classics of their particular era, and demonstrate how old and new designs can be happily mixed together Thc prototype chair in the foreground has yet to prove its staying power and was thought up by the flat's occupant. He is pictured in his living room which has the same decorative theme and is linked to the dining room by a high Medieval-styled archway where was once a redundant and uninspiring fireplace.Extract 2Old bathrooms often contain a great deal of ugly pipework in need of disguising. This can either be done by boxing in the exposed pipes, or by fitting wood paneling over them.As wood paneling can be secured over almost anyting---including oid ceramic tiles and chipped walls--- is an effective way of disguising pipework as well as being an attractive form of decoration. The paneling can be vertical, horizontal or diagonal.An alternative way to approach the problem of exposed pipes is to actually make them a feature of the room by picking the pipework out in bright strong colours. Extract 3Cooking takes second place in this charming room which, with its deep armchairs, is more of a sitting room than a kitohen, and th6 ntw RaybUm stove as a good choice, as it blends in well with the old brick and beamed fireplace.There are no fitted units or built-in appliances, so all food preparation is done at the big farmbouse table in the foreground; and the china, pots and pans have been deliberately left on show to make an attractive display. What about the kitchen sink? It's hidden away behind an archway which leads into a small scullery. Here there's a second cooker and--- in the best farmhouse tradition--- a huge walk-in larder for all food storage.2l. Why is the colour of the carpet described in Extract l a particular advantage?(A) It livens up the colour in an otherwise dull room.(B) It provides a contrast to the furniture.(C) It blends in with the tones of the furniture.(D) It gives the room a classical style.22. What is the purpose of the archway described in Extract 1 ?(A) To hide an unattractive fireplace.(B) To give the room an exotic eastem style.(C) To join the dining room with the sitting room(D) To make room for the unusual seating arrangements.23. Extract 2 is probably taken from ________.(A) an architect's blueprint。

2009春季英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段模考SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST （40 minutes）Part A: Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the ward or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in you ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage only once.Each person has his own culture and norms, and those habits are his way of life. Sometimes these values can _____________(1) with other cultures when a person travels in a foreign country. The difficulty that some people have _____________(2) a new culture is called ―culture shock‖.Culture shock is your mind and body’s _____________(3) being confused and feeling overwhelmed in unfamiliar surroundings. It can cause both psychological and _____________(4). Suffering from culture shock often leaves people feeling moody, isolated and _____________(5).There are several stages that human beings _____________(6) when they enter and live in a new culture. Not everyone experiences the exact stages but most will go through _____________(7).Culture shock begins with the ―honeymoon stage‖. This is the period when you _____________(8) a new place where everything about the new culture is strange and exciting. This stage may last _____________(9) to six months when you feel involved in some kind of _____________(10).Unfortunately, the second stage of culture shock can be more difficult. After you have _____________(11) into your new life, working or studying, buying groceries, or doing laundry, you find that _____________(12) in life seem to be much bigger and more disturbing in a foreign culture. Cultural differences in _____________(13) and values become more obvious, too. What previously seemed exciting, _____________(14) is now merely frustrating. You begin to miss your homeland and seek security in the familiar. You may reject or _____________(15) the new culture.The third stage of culture shock is called the ―adjustment stage‖. Thi s is when you begin to realize that things are not so bad in the _____________(16). Based on your successes in negotiating a variety of social situations and, maybe, increased _____________(17), your self-esteem grows. Things are still difficult, but you are now a survivor!The fourth stage can be called ―_____________(18)‖. Now you feel quite comfortable in your new surroundings. After that, there is a fifth stage that many people don’t know about. This is called the ―reverse culture shock‖._____________(19), this occurs when you go back to your native culture and find that you have changed and that things there have changed while you have been away. Now you feel a little uncomfortable back home.___________________(20)!Part B: Listening Comprehension1. StatementsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.1. (A) He is not restricted by the police after the violence.(B) He is not arrested for his acts of violence against the police.(C) The police arrested him for his acts of violence.(D) The police restricted him because he has been involved in violence.2. (A) We provided him with a small flat though he asked for a detached house.(B) He asked for a small flat though we have a detached house available.(C) He stayed in a detached house because the small flat is not available.(D) We provided him with a detached house though he asked for a small flat.3. (A) Magazines developed faster than newspapers.(B) Newspapers and magazines competed against radio and television.(C) Newspapers were facing competition from radio, television and magazines.(D) Radio and television brought more competition for newspapers than magazines.4. (A) Selection process is an essential part of interview.(B) Try to present yourself as good as you appear on paper in interview.(C) Your success depends largely on how you present yourself.(D) Appearing good on paper and in person are equally important in interview.5. (A) Readers didn’t like Frost because his material was not simple enough.(B) Frost hadn’t constructed any new meanings from simple material.(C) Frost was liked because of his simple material and new meaning.(D) Readers liked Frost because he drew new meanings from simple material.6. (A) The research was carried out at 31 schools over the past 15 years.(B) The majority of students in the research admit to cheating many times.(C) More than 17% of students report that they cheated more than once during college.(D) The research finds out that cheating during college is a common phenomenon.7. (A) Lights can be set to turn off to save electricity.(B) If you are out for the evening, it is a good idea to turn your lights off. (C) Automatic timers on lights can ensure thesafety of your home in case you are out.(D) Automatic timers are widely used in modern houses.8. (A) Talking too much in business situations leaves a bad impression on Americans.(B) Silence often makes Americans feel uncomfortable in business situations..(C) Americans enjoy keeping silent in business negotiations and employ a variety of strategies.(D) Americans are rather aggressive, especially in business situations.9. (A) Millions of people in America are in a dilemma in terms of paying health bills.(B) A great many people in America are too poor to pick up their health bills.(C) Government programs that support the poor are not popular.(D) Millions of people in America are so rich that they don’t need government aid.10. (A) In 2002, seven in ten adults spent 10% of their income on medicine.(B) Between 2000 and 2003, a great many adults were troubled by steep medical expenses.(C) In 2001, seven in ten adults were in debt owing to high medical expenses.(D) Between 2000 and 2003, 54.5 million people paid less than 10% of their net income in medical expenses.2. Talks and ConversationsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations. After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions Only ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11—1411. (A) August the eighth (B) August the ninth (C) August the tenth (D) August the eleventh12. (A) Forty-six centimeters (B) Twenty centimeters and a quarter(C) Twenty-five centimeters (D) Sixty-four centimeters13. (A) August the eleventh (B) August the twelfth(C) August the thirteenth (D) August the fourteenth14. (A) On the opposite of a garage (B) Next to a library (C) 51 Chesterfield Road (D) Next to the State BankQuestions 15--1815. (A) It is a privately financed school. (B) It is connected to the local school system.(C) It is operated by a profit-making company. (D) It enjoys more freedom than traditional public school.16. (A) 1 million. (B) 50 million.. (C) 4 million.. (D) 10 million..17. (A) Because the money spent on charter schools could help traditional schools improve.(B) Because charter schools have greater freedom to decide what to teach and how to teach.(C) Because charter schools provide a choice for parents whose local schools are bad.(D) Because more than one million students attend charter schools.18. (A) The traditional schools had an average score five points higher in mathematics than the charter schools.(B) The charter schools had an average score six points higher in reading than the traditional schools.(C) Charter schools connected with a public school system performed about the same as traditional schools.(D) Fully independent charter schools had higher scores than traditional schools.Questions 19--2219. (A) Geography (B) Economics (C) Agricultural Science (D) Politics20. (A) 1989 (B) 1990 (C) 1991 (D) 199221. (A) Public (B) Private (C) Rural Cooperative (D) Voluntary22. (A) Maths (B) Geography (C) Economics (D) Farming Questions 23--2623. (A) One ounce. (B) Two tablespoons. (C) Half an ounce. (D) Half a tablespoon.24. (A) It should be applied two hours before going out in the sun.(B) It should be applied 15 minutes prior to going out.(C) It should be applied every one hour.(D) It should be applied as many times as possible.25. (A) Skin cancer. (B) Aging of skin. (C) Skin burn. (D) Physical blocker.26. (A) You will not get a whitish tint. (B) They reflect the rays of the skin.(C) They are superior to chemical blockers. (D) They don’t soak down into the skin.Questions 27--3027. (A) Two bedrooms with garden (B) Three bedrooms with garden(C) Four bedrooms with garden (D) He didn’t care.28. (A) Downtown (B) East suburbs (C) North suburbs (D) South suburbs29. (A) 300 pound (B) 325 pound (C) 350 pound (D) 380 pound30. (A) A garage (B) The water bill (C) The electricity bill (D) The telephone rentalPart C: Listening and Translation1. Sentence TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)2. Passage TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After youhave heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.(1)(2)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (50 minutes)Directions: In this section, you will read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer. (A), (B), (c) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated of implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1-5What do Alcoa, Welch's and Bank of America have in common? They all have had their corporate identities stolen and placed on fake checks in a new scam that rips off consumers.The average victim of this type of con -- in which people trade their own cash for a counterfeit check -- loses from $3,000 to $4,000, according to the National Consumers League (NCL). And consumers aren't the only ones who suffer. The reputations of legitimate corporations whose names are being hijacked are also tarnished. Our own company, Reader's Digest, has fallen victim to these thieves, as have other well-known firms."We are highly concerned about reports of scam artists using our name and good reputation to try and deceive consumers through these fake check scams," says Chris Irving, a senior executive with Publishers Clearing House. "If you have received what appears to be a legitimate check with a request to send a portion of that check back, stop immediately." Too Good to Be TrueThere are several versions of the scam, which is spreading, probably because technology allows hustlers to create convincing counterfeits.In one scenario, a potential victim gets an unexpected check from what looks to be a trusted source. The check is labeled as an award, prize, lottery or other windfall.The "lucky winner" is instructed to deposit the check into a personal account and then wire back a portion of the funds to cover fees, taxes or other charges.Inevitably, once the money is sent, the bank discovers that the check is a fake. By law, the person who deposited it must repay the funds.In another version, a person selling an item on eBay or via an online classified ad is contacted by a potential buyer who offers to pay by check. The catch: This person insists on sending a check for more than the purchase price and wants the extra amount wired back. The seller who agrees to this deal later learns the check is no good.In yet another version, scammers recruit so-called secret shoppers. Each is sent a check and instructed to cash it and wire most of it back to the sender. They're also told to keep a portion as payment for rating the performance of the person who handles the transaction. The check, of course, proves to be bogus.Fake corporate checks are so real-looking, they fool even bank tellers. Counterfeit cashier's checks are also popular with these con artists, who are savvy about bank rules. In many cases, the amount of a cashier's check must be posted to a depositor's account by the next business day, before anyone is likely to verify its legitimacy.Such swindles are on the rise: The NCL says that from 2005 to 2006, fake check cons shot from fifth place to first on its list of the most common telemarketing scams. Adds Steve Baker, director of the FTC's Midwest region: "We became aware of these schemes about three or four years ago, and lately, the incidence is really going up."How to protect yourself·Discard offers from sources that ask you to pay fees, taxes or other charges to claim a prize. No legitimate company would do that.·If selling something, never accept more than the sale price.·If accepting payment by check, ask for one drawn on a local bank or on a bank with a local branch. That lets you personally verify the check's validity.·And remember, if something seems too good to be true, most likely it is.1. What is ―scam‖?A. ScampB. ScamperC. SwindleD. Spam2. The author cites the example of Reader's Digest to show that _____A. Reader's Digest has fallen victim to these thieves.B. consumers aren't the only ones who suffer.C. some well-known firms have been enraged.D. Reader's Digest is the easy target.3. What does the word ―tarnish‖ (para. 2) mean?A. CorrodeB. TarnC. FurbishD. Blemish4. A counterfeit check will be labelled as all of the following EXCEPT _____?A. WindflowerB. AwardC. LotteryD. Prize5. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. Fake corporate checksB. Discard offersC. Don’t accept payment by checkD. Don’t be fooledQuestions 6-10Have you ever known a married couple that just didn't seem as though they should fit together -- yet they are both happy in the marriage, and you can't figure out why? I know of one couple: He is a burly ex-athlete who, in addition to being a successful salesman, coaches Little League, is active in his Rotary Club and plays golf every Saturday with friends. Meanwhile, his wife is petite, quiet and a complete homebody. She doesn't even like to go out to dinner. What mysterious force drives us into the arms of one person, while pushing us away from another who might appear equally desirable to any unbiased observer?Of the many factors influencing our idea of the perfect mate, one of the most telling, according to John Money, professor emeritus of medical psychology and pediatrics at Johns Hopkins University, is what he calls our "love map" -- a group of messages encoded in our brains that describes our likes and dislikes. It shows our preferences in hair and eye color, in voice, smell, body build. It also records the kind of personality that appeals to us, whether it's the warm and friendly type or the strong, silent type. In short, we fall for and pursue those people who most clearly fit our love map. And this love map is largely determined in childhood. By age eight, the pattern for our ideal mate has already begun to float around in our brains. When I lecture, I often ask couples in the audience what drew them to their dates or mates. Answers range from "She's strong and independent" and "I go for redheads" to "I love his sense of humor" and "That crooked smile, that's what did it."I believe what they say. But I also know that if I were to ask those same men and women to describe their mothers, there would be many similarities between their ideal mates and their moms. Yes, our mothers -- the first real love of our lives -- write a significant portion of our love map.When we're little, our mother is the center of our attention, and we are the center of hers. So our mother's characteristics leave an indelible impression, and we are forever after attracted to people with her facial features, body type, personality, even sense of humor. If our mother was warm and giving, as adults we tend to be attracted to people who are warm and giving. If our mother was strong and even-tempered, we are going to be attracted to a fair-minded strength in our mates. The mother has an additional influence on her sons: she not only gives them clues to what they will find attractive in a mate, but also affects how they feel about women in general. So if she is warm and nice, her sons are going to think that's the way women are. They will likely grow up warm and responsive lovers and also be cooperative around the house. Conversely, a mother who has a depressive personality, and is sometimes friendly but then suddenly turns cold and rejecting, may raise a man who becomes a "dance-away lover." Because he's been so scared about love from his mother, he is afraid of commitment and may pull away from a girlfriend for this reason.While the mother determines in large part what qualities attract us in a mate, it's the father -- the first male in our lives -- who influences how we relate to the opposite sex. Fathers have an enormous effect on their children's personalities and chances of marital happiness.Just as mothers influence their son's general feelings toward women, fathers influence their daughter's general feelings about men. If a father lavishes praise on his daughter and demonstrates that she is a worthwhile person, she'll feel very good about herself in relation to men. But if the father is cold, critical or absent, the daughter will tend to feel she's not very lovable or attractive.In addition, most of us grow up with people of similar social circumstances. We hang around with people in the same town; our friends have about the same educational backgrounds and career goals. We tend to be most comfortable with these people, and therefore we tend to link up with others whose families are often much like our own.6. The purpose of this article is to _____A. explain why we love who we love.B. question the necessity for people who cannot love.C. compare the characteristics of mother and father.D. describe several special couples.7. According to the passage, which is one of the most telling factors influencing our idea of the perfect mate?A. Our likes and dislikesB. Love mapC. Our personalityD. Childhood fantasy8. What does the word ―indelible‖ mean in the 4th paragraph?A. IncredibleB. IndefiniteC. PermanentD. Indent9. Who influences how we relate to the opposite sex?A. The motherB. The teacherC. The studentD. The father10. What does the author believe according to the passage?A. By age eighteen, the pattern for our ideal mate has already begun to float around in our brains.B. If our mother was not warm and giving, as adults we tend to be attracted to people who are warm and giving.C. Just as mothers influence their son's general feelings toward women, fathers influence their daughter's general feelings about men.D. Destiny drives us into the arms of one person, while pushing us away from another who might appear equally desirable to any unbiased observer.Questions 11-15Vacations are what keep us going: fantasies of sunny, sandy beaches on rainy, gray days when the kids are bouncing off the walls; touring a tranquil museum instead of listening to your boss barking in the next office; hiking a mountain rather than sitting in rush-hour traffic.But vacations, by their nature, are also an upheaval -- an interruption of the familiar flow of people, places and routines. That's why adults find travel exciting -- and why it can be hard on kids. Most children thrive on routine. They're always up for adventure, of course, but don't necessarily know how to handle themselves in the midst of it. To ensure that your next vacation is low on stress and disappointment and high on enjoyment, you've got to take careful stock of your family's strengths, weaknesses, dreams and realities.Babies are surprisingly adaptable travel companions. They're (mostly) happy to go wherever you go, and they love looking around at people, animals, bright lights and other babies, so you don't have to do a lot to keep them occupied. Comfortable in strollers or backpack carriers, they can easily travel along city streets or park trails, and they can fall asleep just about anywhere, allowing you to continue sightseeing when they can't keep their eyes open.The biggest drawback to traveling with infants is the mind-boggling array of gear and accessories they require and the frequency with which they must sleep and eat. While it's a logistical challenge to make plans that fit around your infant's routines, it's a fact that sticking to regular eating and sleeping patterns will dramatically increase your chances of keeping your baby happy and contented. However, it's also a fact that as soon as you get used to one routine, your baby will attempt to foil your plans by developing a new one. So be sure to create an itinerary that's flexible. You might all go to a museum in the morning, but if your baby starts to balk, be prepared to go back to the hotel. If he's doing well, stay in town for lunch. You might then plan to sit by the pool for most of the afternoon or arrange for the adults to split up for a couple of hours -- one staying with the baby and the other enjoying a solo activity or special time with an older child. If you use this approach, you'll likely have fewer problems than if you choose an itinerary that locks you into a full day's activities, hours away from your accommodations.If you're going to be flying to and from your destination, consider your baby's sleep schedule. If your baby is a good sleeper, fly during nap time. Your baby will sleep through most of the flight, won't notice changes in ear pressure, and will be well rested and cheerful when you arrive at your destination. If, however, your baby is unlikely to sleep in the midst of so much noise and action book flights for the longest stretch between naps, trying to leave the house immediately after anap, so your baby will be in a good mood on the plane.Contrary to popular belief, beach vacations are not the best choice for families with infants: Strong sun and babies don't mix -- and if having to keep a child indoors forces parents to spend a good part of the day away from the sun, sand and water, they can feel shortchanged. There's also the issue of sand: Older, more mobile babies and toddlers who are prone to putting things in their mouths will be a challenge.As for those other popular destinations -- theme parks -- you should probably postpone this kind of trip if you've got an infant in tow unless you also have older children who are far more likely to enjoy the rides and exhibitions these parks offer.So what does work? City vacations are ideal. You can visit museums, art galleries, zoos, cafes, even shopping malls when you have an infant safely secured in a stroller or backpack carrier. You can also take boat tours or check out marketplaces. Other suitable vacation choices are: resorts, hotels and ranches with infant-care programs; car trips, camping or travel in a recreational vehicle; and visits to relatives.11. What does the author mean by ―upheaval‖ in the 2nd paragraph?A. Act of heaving upB. UpsurgeC. ChangeD. Opportunity12. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Babies are surprisingly inadaptable travel companions.B. Vacations, by their nature, are an interruption of the familiar flow of people, places and routines.C. Children are always up for adventure, and they also know how to handle themselves in the midst of it.D. If you're going for your vacation, consider your baby's sleep schedule.13. What does ―mind-boggling‖ (para. 4) mean?A. ModestB. ExtraordinaryC. PleasantD. Shocking14. What is the author’s tone in writing the passage?A. AmicableB. SarcasticC. SympatheticD. Critical15. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. Kids’ characteristicsB. Going for vacationC. Taking your baby to vacationD. Vacation sucks Questions 16-20Everyone's familiar with the American dream: work and study hard and you'll get ahead. But China has its own version, which hopeful parents and their children have adhered to ever since the emperor started meritocratic civil-service exams during the Han dynasty. Like the U.S. variant, the Chinese Dream places firm faith in hard work, but perhaps even greater faith in the value of an education, which promises to boost young people out of poverty and secure better lives for them and their families. This vision has had special appeal since Deng Xiaoping opened China to the world and getting rich became glorious.Now, with China's white-hot economy cooling, millions of youngsters are facing the possibility that a good degree won't be enough. As 2008 wound down, 1.5 million new graduates were still jobless, according to the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Suddenly, it seems, the Chinese Dream is under threat, and that's got Beijing plenty nervous. This was on stark display when Prime Minister Wen Jiabao met with students at a Beijing college in December. "If you are worried, I'm more worried than you," he told them, promising that ensuring their employment was at the top of his agenda, alongside finding jobs for laid-off factory workers.It's easy to see why Beijing is worried about millions of unemployed have-nots, given their history of turning economic woes into mass protests. But China's students have remained largely meek. And they represent just a tiny fraction—about 6 percent—of the country's workers. Yet their symbolic value is enormous. "Today's students carry the expectations of two generations," says psychology professor Wei Zhizhong, who runs a clinic in Guangzhou. Should they and their parents lose faith, their fears could spread cynicism throughout society.Hence the government has begun working to ensure ordinary Chinese don't give up on the country's guiding ethos. New steps include ordering the Chinese military to double its intake of university-trained recruits to 33,000, expandingcollege-based scientific research to create more postgraduate positions, and trying to lure double the number of new village teachers to poor provinces by offering to pay off their college debts. Most important, of course, is the $586 billion in stimulus funds Beijing is pouring into the economy, most of which will be funneled to state-run companies that build railways, power lines and other infrastructure. The goal is to create up to 9 million new jobs this year. Those aren't just for college alumni, of course, but China's half-million engineering grads can rejoice.The parents of the 6.1 million students due to collect bachelor's degrees next summer are also hoping such measures work. Ever since enrollments reopened at the end of the Cultural Revolution in 1978, parents have sacrificed huge amounts of money and time on tuition and tutors to ensure placements and degrees for their kids. Now many fear they won't recoup their investments, and that, in a country with no social safety net, their kids won't be able to look after them in their old age.A case in point is Gong Ailing, a star pupil at a Beijing university, who comes from a peasant family in central China. Gong represents Beijing's worst nightmare. Her father is a 59-year-old peasant who supports his family on $175 a month from a temporary cooking job. "We don't have retirement pensions or social insurance," he says. "So when we get old, we have to rely on our children." The family has spent close to $15,000—a fairly typical amount—to send Gong to college. That's a big bet on the future.It could still pay off, but China's student job seekers were already facing tough times before the global economic tailspin began. A massive expansion in college placements since the 1990s had already begun taking the shine off a degree. Enrollments have doubled in the past four years and evidence of fear abounds. Even top students are now scrambling for jobs in second-tier cities; at a recent job fair at Beijing's elite Tsinghua University, students queued down two flights of stairs to find out about opportunities in places like sleepy Nanjing. Those lucky enough to find work may have to settle for salaries far lower than what they and their debt-laden parents were counting on. "Wages are down 1,000 yuan [about $146] a month, says management student Tian Shaoyuan. The problem is not just financial. "The parents of this generation … haven't realized their dream in their own lives, so they want to achieve their dream in their children's generation," says Wei, the psychologist. As for youngsters, "once they have had the chance to leave the countryside, they don't want to go back … If they do, they'll feel their value has gone," Wei says.Who gets blamed for all this pain depends on how Beijing responds. The risk is that angry youths could target China's leaders, foreign financial regulators or pushy parents. One danger is an upsurge of aggressive nationalism, a traditional pressure valve during tough times but one the government finds difficult to control.To head that off, Beijing has generally stressed cooperation and tried not to blame Washington much for the global crunch (at least till the spat over currency rates). Chinese officials are also working hard to reassure students that opportunities still exist, encouraging them to consider unglamorous but stable forms of employment—which is easier now that high-flying jobs in finance or at multinationals look so uncertain. Qi Jinli, director of Tsinghua's Careers Center, says that the number of his students choosing jobs in state-run firms rose 10 percent last year.Getting students to redirect their energy inward and to lower their ambitions is a sensible strategy, and if the government keeps up its job-creation efforts, it just might manage to keep the Chinese Dream alive, albeit in dog-eared form. Leaders are taking numerous steps in the right direction; besides the stimulus package, local governments are enhancing their student job fairs and organizing internships, for instance. But China's heady get-rich-quick days are probably over. Future graduates will be joining a sophisticated white-collar job market in a far more cyclical economy. In all likelihood, they'll still achieve a better living standard than their parents and be able to take care of them in their old age. Yet the fat years are over, and Chinese leaders need to help college grads adjust their expectations accordingly.16. Which of the following aspects of Chinese dream does the passage mainly discuss?A. Its errorsB. Its threatsC. Its supportersD. Its achievements17. The word ―boost‖ in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to ___.A. booB. disappearC. exaggerateD. lift18. The author illustrates Gong Ailing’s story is to show ___.A. Gong comes from a peasant family.B. Gong’s father is a big gambler.C. many parents worry that their kids won't be able to look after them in their old age.D. many students represent the country’s nightmare.19. Which of the basic writing skills does the author mainly use in the passage?。

0903中级口译考试听力部分文本Spot dictationYou might think that hamburgers were invented in the United States,but that is not totally true. These round,flat cakes or patties actually came from Germany in the middle of the19th century. They were brought to the United States by German immigrants who came from the city of Hamburg.That is why their name was Hamburger Stake.However,people in other places claim that they invented the hamburger.Perhaps we’ll never have a clear answer.But there is no question that the hamburger was a great hit.Why?Perhaps because at that time,industry was growing,and the kind of fast,practical and cheap food was needed for workers.The hamburger became even more popular in the1920s when the first chain of fast food restaurants was started.This chain was called White Castle.It served tiny hamburgers that were sold for only5cents each.Then,in the 1940s there came the drive-in restaurant where customers were served in their cars by waiters in uniform.And the hamburger was one of the most popular manual items.By now,the hamburger was ready to conquer the world and this happened with McDonalds,which was actually a hotdog stand at first.But by the early1950s the hotdog was replaced by the hamburger.McDonalds and other fast food restaurants spring up around the world throughout the west of the20th century. McDonalds alone has sold12hamburgers for every person in the world.The importance of the hamburger to US culture remains significant.About60%of all sandwiches that are eaten are hamburgers.According to some sources,7%of current workers in the Untied States had their first job at McDonalds.But the face of the hamburger is changing according to the times.Nowadays it is possible to buy a chicken burger,a turkey burger,a fish burger or a veggie burger.Statement:1.Mrs Jones came to us at the airport.We thought she was the secretary but she turned out to bethe president of the company.2.After Susan carefully explained her ideas at the board meeting last week,the directors all votedfor the change she’s made concerning the proposed project3.Of the students participating in our university’s research project,73%classified themselves asfreshmen and sophomores.4.Originally we had planned to buy a car by the end of last year,but then with the recentfluctuation of the crude oil prices we decided to postpone the purchase.5.Most people I know are interested in the proposed tax reform being debated in the congressbecause they hope it will lower taxes for them.6.If you’re good at managing your own time and energy,it is very likely that you can do wellboth in your schoolwork and for your career7.Mr.Paul White,thank you very much for your inquiry,but I feel the position more suits afemale applicant.Anyway,I will keep your name on file.8.Is this your best quote?I thought the prices will be coming down now given the currentsituation of financial and economic crisis.st month our manager took a ten-day business trip to Chicago,but he had to stay there for3more days situation as the negotiation turned out to be a tougher one.10.When our children are made confident that they are positive and competent individuals,theywill adapt themselves to the changing society and successfully accomplish personal goals.Talks and ConversationsPassage one(Q11-14)W：What are you laughing about?M:I just saw the serious advertisement on TV for Germen soups.It’s said our products are home-made with the freshest vegetables and fruits.Then a scene in the factory showed that products were prepared and packed by the most sophisticated machinery.W:And I am sure that the word NATURE was put on the jars and cans of the products.I think the stupidest advertisements are those that imply that you are one of a kind.If you buy the product, you will be a very special person.Now you will be just like every other one of the20billion people who bought it.M:That’s really silly.But to me,the dullest of them all is when advertisers put a celebrity on TV to talk about a particular brand of soap or about a particular car.I bet that the celebrity’s never used the product before they got the job of appearing in the commercial.W:Yeah!But most of these commercials work and people remember the product.M:I agree,here we are talking about ads we’ve seen,aren’t we?We are all influenced by those celebrities and brand names.W:I think teenagers are specially vulnerable.Advertisers try to get teenagers used to a brand because they know that in later years,the teenagers will stick to that particular product of theirs.Question11:What in the advertisement has made the man laugh?Question12:When some ads imply that you are one of a kind,what does that mean?Question13:Why does the advertiser put the celebrity on TV to talk about a particular product? Question14:According to the women,what will teenagers do if they are used to a brand?Passage two(Q15-18)Many of you may have heard of jet lag,which is a condition of space disorders,resulting from rapid travel over time zones.Such as on a jet plane.The symptom of jet lag can be quite varied,and may include loss of appetite,nausea,headache,fatigue,insomnia,or even mild depression.Here are a few tips for you to avoid jetlag,or cope if you are stricken by the condition.First,adjust your biological rhythm several days before your departure,and develop a plan to start switching to the time zone of your destination.For instance,if you will be flying from New York to Paris,where it is6hours later,get up one hour earlier for a couple of days,then2hours earlier, then3hours earlier,I will try to at least get half way to your new time zone.Turn lights on during day time in your destination,and off at night time.Second,during the time of your adjustment, especially during the flight,drink plenty of water.If you are not a big water fan,drink some other fluid that is not high in sugar,carbonation and caffeine;avoid junk food,salty food and caffeine, and alcohol on the plane.Of course I say that,but I always have a couple of drinks during the flight. If you do that,just be sure to drink as much water between drinks as possible.Thirdly,when you arrive in your destination,try to resist the urge to nap during the day time.Get outside,during the daylight hours,even it is just to sit in a caféand relax.Try to get a good night sleep for the1st couple of nights.The key is to reset your body’s natural clock to get enough rest.Finally,when you return home,use some of the same tactic above to return to your previous time zone.Q15.What’s the speaker’s definition of jet lag?Q16.What’s the difference of the time zone between New York and Paris?Q17.what does the speaker recommend if you do not want to drink much water during the flight? Q18.According to the speaker,what should you try to do if you arrived at the destination?Passage3(Q19-22)F:Come on Mr.Edision,take a seat.M:Good morning doctor.F:Now let’s get a few details.Shall we?First your age,now you’re40?M:Er,35actually,doctorF:Right,35.And your weight?M:About,105kilosF:That’s rather a lot for your height,don’t you think?M:Yes,Well,I don’t get much exercises,doctor.F:And what kind of work do you do exactly?M:I work with computers,F;So you sit most of the day,is that right?M:All day.F:Right,so tell me,do you smoke?M:Well,I used to smoke20-30a day,but now it’s about10.F:En,Have you had any illness likely?M:Nothing serious,just usual coughs and coldsF:I see.Now,let’s talk about your diet.What have you eaten this morning,for example?M:I’ve had two fried eggs,5bread,toast,butter and jam,and oh,3cups of tea.F:Well,Mr.Edison,that isn’t the best diet now,is it?What else do you normally eat?M:Beef burghers a lot,ChipsF:Dear Oh dear.And what about exercise do you have Mr.Endison?Do you play any Sports? M:Er,can’t say I do really.F:Well Mr.Edison this is rather serious.I think we have to Change a few things in your life,firstly I recommend that you stop smoking completely.Secondly,you need to get some exercise,walk, instead of drive Mr.Edison.Join in a sports club.And lastly,we must make some changes to your diet.No more fried foods,no more chips,and beef burgers,good healthy vegetables,boiled potatoes,grilled meat and fish.19.What does the woman say about the man’s health?20.How many cigarettes does the man smoke each day now?21.What does the woman think of the man’s breakfast?22.Which of the following can not be concluded from the conversion?Passage4(Q23-26)May I have your attention,ladies and gentlemen?Since the international club meets only once every semester for this special event,the first thing on our agenda is to have the secretary read the minutes of the last meeting.So when I finish this opening speech,the secretary will read the minutes of our meeting for the last semester.And then we’ll go through our annual treasurer’s report and decide whether it can be accepted or not.At the top of our agenda,and I’m sure in everyone’s mind,is the International Display Week.It has been proposed for discussion.I was chairman of the African club,and now as chairman of the international club,I know more than anyone else the importance of such a display week.Let me explain.There are ten foreign clubs here representing the foreign students on our campus. The purpose of these clubs is,first of all,to get the students from the same countries together,so they won’t get too homesick,and so we can help each other over the rough spots.And secondly,so that the American students can join the club of their interest and learn about our culture as we learn theirs.Now,about the display.Some of you old hands will have to help me out,as there was so much going on I can’t remember at all.Let me see.There are the Scottish folk dance and Irish one,too. We’ll team up with the folk music club and recruit anyone who can sew to make costumes.Of course,each group will set up a booth decorated with pictures and things of interest in their respective countries,and everyone will wear his national costume.Question23:Who is the man?Chairman of the international clubQuestion24:How often is the meeting held?Once every semesterQuestion25:What is at the top of the meeting’s agenda?International Display WeekQuestion26:What is the purpose of organizing foreign clubs on campus?Get the students from the same countries together,so they won’t get too homesick/they can help each other over the rough spots/the American students can join the club of their interest and learn about different cultures.Passage5(Q27-30)F:Paul,nice to see you back from the university.How do you like your new university?I remember your mum had wanted you to go to London University so that you can live at home and walk or cycle to attend the lectures.M:Well,you know I didn’t go to London University after all.My new university is on the suburbs of an ancient cathedral city and it is almost8miles from the city center.The university is planned on the so called American campus system.That is to say,students live in halls of residence groupped around the main university buildings.F:You mean you live,eat and study within the university proper?M:Yes,I like it.Because we are a real community.We’ve got comfortable common rooms and bars.We arrange dances and parties.We’ve got clubs,theater groups,choirs and so on.And we’ve got an orchestra.I played the drums in it.By the way,how about your university days,Betty?F:I rented a house with two other girls in the middle of the city about then minutes walk from the university.The house is falling to pieces.It is damp and there is no proper heating.M:That sounds awful.I couldn’t work in a place like yours.The district is poor and could almost be classed as a slum.F:I don’t think so.We live among real people who treat us as real people.We’ve got an electrician living next door,who is always coming in and mending our cooker and electric fires.We could try to get into one of the halls of the residents.But we prefer to be independent.It’s nice to belong to the city and to do things outside the university.M:What sort of things do you do outside the university?M:Well,there is a group of us who go and help in a home for handicapped children.And I think in the city bar choir we get on well with the local people,not like you in that suburban district.W:Well,I like history.And my university is one of the best universities for that subject.Besides,it is an ancient city with a lot of historical relics and sightseeing spots.If you can drop by by any chance,I can show you around.F:You bet.27.What do the man’s live?28.What is typical of the American campus system?29.Why did the women choose to rent a house at the city center?30.What does the man promise to do for the woman?Listening and TranslationSentence Translation:1.Please hold my telephone calls and just take a message.I can call back later.I must have a little peace and quiet to concentrate on these figures.请不要挂断，先留个言。

(2004年3月)上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (40 minutes)Part A: Spot DictationDirections:In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the ward or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in you ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage only once.What is a gesture? A gesture is a movement of the hand or body that expresses ______ (1) or intention. It is an action that sends a ______ (2) from one person to another. To become a gesture, an act has to be seen by someone else and has to ______ (3) some piece of information to them. There are some gestures, however, that have ______ (4) depending on when and where they are used.When an American wants to signal that something is OK, ______ (5), he raises his hand and makes a circle with his thumb and forefinger. This circle-sign has ______ (6) for him, and he might be surprised to ______ (7) that in other countries it can mean something very different. In Japan, for instance, it is the gesture for money. ______ (8), it means zero or worthless. Such differences can, of course, lead to ______ (9)when foreigners meet, But why is it that the same gesture basso many different meanings?When some people want to show that something is ______ (10), they make a sign to show they are holding ______ (11) between the tips of their thumb and forefinger. Many people from all over the world ______ (12) when emphasizing a certain point as they speak. The object they hold is ______ (13), and they simply perform the action of holding it. In this way, they ______ (14) with the thumb and forefinger. In America, this unconscious gesture grew into a ______ (15) meaning exactly right or perfect. This was how the ______ (16) was born.The Japanese sign for money comes from a completely different source. ______ (17), and coins are round. Therefore, making a ______ (18) came to .symbolize money. It is as simple as that. The French sign for nothing or worthless also ______ (19) a simple source. This time, however, the circle does not represent a coin, it only indicates nought. Nought means nothing, ______ (20).Part B: Listening ComprehensionDirections:In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.1. (A) Doris pointed out where the key was.(B) Doris doesn't want to be appointed.(C) Doris is usually a punctual person.(D) Doris doesn't know she has an appointment.2. (A) Even though the car arrived early, the meeting began late.(B) The meeting was postponed, although we set off early today.(C) We left early today for the meeting, but we were delayed.(D) We started our journey early, so we were early for the meeting.3. (A) Three years later, the stock market crashed.(B) Half of the stocks in the market were devalued within five years.(C) About 50 % of rite products were more expensive than they had been 3 years before.(D) The country's GNP was reduced by nearly 50% in three years.4. (A) Tony won't receive additional payment, no matter how hard he works.(B) Tony couldn't understand why his boss is not satisfied with his success(C) Tony is unable to meet his sales quota this year because of the extra load of work.(D) Tony is confident that his work will save the firm from bankruptcy.5. (A) Everyone knew that Jennifer was the CEO's secretary in Detroit.(B) Jennifer didn't meet the well-known CEO from the headquarters,(C) The CEO was away to meet Jennifer in our headquarters in Detroit.(D) The Detroit headquarters had decided to appoint Jennifer to be a CEO.6. (A) The manager has refused to see you off at the airport.(B) The manager will be dealing with something urgent in prison.(C) The manager will be attending a welcome party at the airport.(D) The manager has to cancel her previous arrangement.7. (A) The director told the secretary to finish the survey report on time.(B) The director told the secretary to wind the clock in the office.(C) The director told the secretary to take the report home.(D) The director told the secretary not to rush for the survey report.8. (A) We intend to withdraw fund on that project, for it is necessary to do so.(B) We should proceed with the project, although we have difficulties.(C) We decide to give up the project, so that we can work on a new one.(D) We have to reject the gift and continue to raise money for that project of ours.9. (A) High productivity may have negative effects on our own existence.(B) More and better goods and services can raise our living standards.(C) The rising prices of goods and services may lead to the damage of our environment.(D) We should produce high-quality goods to protect our natural resources.10. (A) After three years of hard work, I have been promoted to department head.(B) After years of work, I think I need to talk with someone about my career.(C) The department head has ruthlessly turned down my request for a salary raise.(D) The department head has postponed the promotion campaign for months.2. Talks and ConversationsDirections:In this part of the test, you will hear Several short talks and conversations. After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions Only ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11-1411. (A) In her office.(B) In a cinema.(C) In her home.(D) In a restaurant.12. (A) The assistant manager has made an appointment with her.(B) Mr. Brown is going to pay a visit to her house.(C) The man has been late for a couple of times.(D) She has to return home first to change her dress.13. (A) They will go to a party.(B) They will attend a fashion show.(C) They will see a film.(D) They will go home.14. (A) Because it is their only night together.(B) Because it is the last night for the film show.(C) Because it is their wedding anniversary.(D) Because it is a chance to see the woman in uniform. Questions 15-1815. (A) Its long history.(B) Its large library.(C) Its college system.(D) Its admission qualifications.16. (A) The accommodation.(B) The award of degrees.(C) The examinations.(D) The programme of studies.17. (A) They are better than those of other universities.(B) They are open to all the students of the university.(C) They can be attended by students of a particular study.(D) They are given once a week, according to the tutor's advice.18. (A) In the Fellows' Club.(B) At the restaurant.(C) In the college chapel.(D) On college campus.Questions 19-2219. (A) Because she was not in a hurry.(B) Because she wanted to save money.(C) Because she could enjoy sightseeing.(D) Because she lived near the bus stop.20. (A) Taxis.(B) The railway.(C) The tube.(D) Double-deckers.21. (A) To show the excellence of its international air service.(B) To stress the importance of its strategic position.(C) To contrast it with internal air service of other cities.(D) To provide an answer to the problem of traffic congestion.22. (A) Its advanced technology.(B) Its geographical location.(C) Its changing climate.(D) Its demand for oil in the North Sea.Questions 23-2623. (A) President Roosevelt's death.(B) President Johnson's last days.(C) Eleanor Roosevelt's retirement.(D) Presidents after World War II.24. (A) Poor people.(B) Migrant workers.(C) Female journalists.(D) Civil rights activists.25. (A) Because of his old age.(B) Because of his health.(C) Because of his position as US president.(D) Because of his noble family tradition.26. (A) How to defeat the enemy in the war.(B) How to score more in a poker game.(C) What to say to make others laugh.(D) What to drink to replenish oneself.Questions 27-3027. (A) Because he doesn't want to stay in Bangkok.(B) Because he is tired of surface transport.(C) Because he is afraid of getting sea sickness.(D) Because he has to be back by next Tuesday.28. (A) They have debts to pay off.(B) They live in a small flat(C) They both work in a firm.(D) They both enjoy travel by air.29. (A) Reading newspapers and magazines.(B) Watching surface transport on the sea and ground.(C) Lunching on a special kind of fish pie.(D) Eating and drinking his favorites.30. (A) It is a popular means of transport.(B) It is no better than surface transport.(C) It is safer than other means of transport.(D) It is no longer enjoyable and convenient.Part C: Listening and Translation1. Sentence TranslationDirections:In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)2. Passage TranslationDirections:In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.(1)(2)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (50 minutes)Directions:In this section, you will read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1-5Faces, like fingerprints, are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people? Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very young child—or even an animal, such as a pigeon—can learn to recognize faces. We all take this ability for granted.We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someone's personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others.Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone's personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. If you were asked to describe what a "nice face" looked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. But if you were asked to describe a "nice person," you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate, friendly, warm, and so forth.There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts. Gordon Ports, an American psychologist, found nearly 18000 English words characterizing differences in people's behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing, or typing, his personality. Bookworms, conservatives, military types—people are described with such terms.People have always tried to "type" each other. Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villain's or the hero's role. In fact, the words "person" and "personality" come from the Latin persona, meaning "mask". Today, most television and movie actors do not wear masks. But we can easily tell the "good guys" from the "bad guys"because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.1. The main idea of this passage is ______.(A) how to distinguish people's faces(B) how to describe people's personality(C) how to distinguish people both inwardly and outwardly(D) how to tell good persons from bad persons without wearing masks2. The author is most probably a ______.(A) linguist(B) plastic surgeon(C) manager(D) sociologist3. Which of the following statements is NOT true?(A) People may have different personalities.(B) People differ from each other in appearance.(C) People can learn to recognize human faces.(D) People can describe all human features of others.4. The reason that it is easier to describe one's personality in words than one's face is that______.(A) many words are available to describe personality(B) a person's personality is easily distinguished(C) people's personalities are very much alike(D) a person's face is more complex than his personality5. We learn from the passage that people are classified according to ______.(A) their way of wearing masks(B) their way of speaking and playing(C) their knowledge and behavior(D) their physical appearance and personalityQuestions 6-10Before, whenever we had health, we stated discussing poverty. Why no now? Why is the current politics of wealth and poverty seemingly about wealth alone? Eight years ago, when Bill Clinton first ran for president, the Dow Jones average was under 3,500, yearly federal budget deficits were projected at hundreds of billions of dollars forever and beyond, and no one talked about the "permanent boom" or the "new economy." Yet in that more straitened time, Clinton made much of the importance of "not leaving a single person behind." It is possible that similar "compassionate" rhetoric might yet play a role in the general election.But it is striking how much less talk there is about the poor than there was eight years ago, when the country was economically uncertain, or in previous eras, when the country felt flush. Even last summer, when Clinton spent several days on a remarkable, Bobby Kennedy-like pilgrimage through impoverished areas from Indian reservations in South Dakota to ghetto neighborhoods in East St. Louis, the administration decided to refer to the effort not as a poverty tour but as a "new markets initiative."What is happening is partly a logical, policy-driven reaction. Poverty really is lower than it has been in decades, especially for minority groups. The most attractive solution to it—a growing economy—is being applied. The people who have been totally left out of this boom often have medical, mental or other problems for which no one has an immediate solution. "The economy has sucked in anyone who has any preparation, any ability to cope with modern life," says Franklin D. Raines, the former director of the Office of Management and Budget who is now head of Fannie Mae. When he and other people who specialize in the issue talk about solutions, they talkanalytically and long-term: education, development of work skills, shifts in the labor market, adjustment in welfare reform.But I think there is another force that has made this a rich era with barely visible poor people. It is the unusual social and imaginative separation between prosperous America and those still left out. ... It's simple invisibility, because of increasing geographic, occupation, and social barriers that block one group from the other's view.6. The main idea of the passage is that ______.(A) The county is enjoying economic growth(B) The poor are benefiting from today's good economy(C) We were more aware of the poor than we are today(D) There were many more poor people tan there are today7. The organizational pattern of the first two paragraphs of this passage is ______.(A) order of importance(B) comparison and contrast(C) chronological order(D) classification and division8. In line 6 of the first paragraph, the word straitened means ______.(A) prosperous(B) difficult(C) relaxing(D) significant9. From this passage, we can conclude that ______.(A) the status quo of the rich and the poor has changed(B) the good and prosperous economy will soon end(C) poverty will be removed as a result of increased wealth(D) all people benefit from good economic conditions10. According to the author, one important reason that we do not talk much about poverty is that______.(A) no one knows what to do about it(B) poverty really is lower than in the past(C) no one has been left out of the current boom(D) the president is not concerned about the poorQuestions 11-15Our visit to the excavation of a Roman fort on a hill near Coventry was of more than archaeological interest. The year's dig had been a fruitful one and had assembled evidence of a permanent military camp much larger than had at first been conjectured. We were greeted on the site by a group of excavators, some of them filling in a trench that had yielded an almost complete pot the day before, others enjoying the last-day luxury of a cigarette in the sun, but all happy to explain and talk about their work. If we had not already known it, nothing would have suggested that this was a party of prisoners from the nearby prison. This is not the first time that prison labour has been used in work of this kind, but here the experiment, now two years old, has proved outstandingly satisfactory.From the archaeologists' point of view, prisoners provide a steady force of disciplined labour throughout the entire season, men to whom it is a serious day's work, and not the rather carefree holiday job that it tends to be for the amateur archaeologist. Newcomers are comparatively few, and can soon be initiated by those already trained in the work. Prisoners may also be more accustomed to heavy work like shovelling and carting soil than the majority of students, and theyalso form a fair cross-section of the population and can furnish men whose special skills make them valuable as surveyors, draughtsmen of pottery restorers. When Coventry's Keeper of Archaeology went to the prison to appeal for help, he was received cautiously by the men, but when the importance of the work was fully understood, far more volunteers were forthcoming then could actually be employed. When they got to work on the site, and their efforts produced pottery and building foundations in what until last year had been an ordinary field, their enthusiasm grew till they would sometimes work through their lunch hour and tea break, and even carry on in the rain rather than sit it out in the hut. This was undoubtedly because the work was not only strenuous but absorbing, and called for considerable intelligence. The men worked always under professional supervision, but as the season went on they needed less guidance and knew when an expert should be summoned. Disciplinary problems were negligible: the men were carefully selected for their good conduct and working on a party like this was too valuable a privilege to be thrown away.The Keeper of Archaeology said that this was by far the most satisfactory form of labour that he had ever had, and that it had produced results, in quantity and quality, that could not have been achieved by any other means. A turf and timber fort built near the Roman highway through the middle of England in the first century A.D. had been excavated over an area of 14,000 square feet, and a section of turf rampart and palisade fully reconstructed by methods identical to those employed by the Roman army.The restoration of the Roman fort is being financed by Coventry Corporation as part of a plan to create a leisure amenity area. To this project prisoners have contributed work which otherwise would not have been performed and which benefits the whole community.11. The visit to the excavation site was ______.(A) of purely archaeological interest(B) fruitful because a complete pot was discovered(C) interesting in more than one way(D) made by a group of prisoners12. It can be assumed that archaeologists ______.(A) found that the prisoners worked far better than students(B) did not like the prisoners' carefree attitude to work(C) were willing to take only a few prisoners to work on the site(D) were often forced to discipline the prisoners13. Prisoners demonstrated their attitude to work by ______.(A) spending most of their time sitting in a hut(B) insisting on professional guidance(C) taking no initiative(D) working voluntarily14. When prisoners were selected for the work ______.(A) many of them refused to co-operate(B) their previous behaviour was taken into account(C) they were told they must work in all weathers(D) they were warned that there would be no privileges15. The Keeper of Archaeology said that ______.(A) he had expected more of the fort to be revealed(B) the palisade was very primitive(C) only prison labour could produce such good results(D) the methods to construct the Roman fort were proved identicalQuestions 16-20Flats were almost unknown in Britain until the 1850s when they were developed, along with other industrial dwellings, for the laboring classes. These vast blocks were plainly a convenient means of easing social conscience by housing large numbers of the ever-present poor on compact city sites. During the 1880s, however, the idea of living in comfortable residential chambers caught on with the affluent upper and upper middle classes, and controversy as to the advantages and disadvantages of flat life was a topic of conversation around many a respectable dinner-table. In Paris and other major European cities, the custom whereby the better-off lived in apartments, or flats, was well established. Up to the late nineteenth century in England only bachelor barristers had established the tradition of living in rooms near the Law Court: any self-respecting head of household would insist upon a West End town house as his London home, the best that his means could provide.The popularity of flats for the better-off seems to have developed for a number of reasons. First, perhaps, through the introduction of the railways, which had enabled a wide range of people to enjoy a holiday staying in a suite at one of the luxury hotels which had begun to spring up during the previous decade. Hence, no doubt, the fact that many of the early luxury flats were similar to hotel suites, even being provided with communal dining-rooms and central boilers for hot water and heating. Rents tended to be high to cover overheads, but savings were made possible by these communal amenities and by tenants being able to reduce the number of family servants.One of the earliest substantial London developments of flats for the well-to-do was begun soon after Victoria Railway Station was opened in 1860, as the train service provided an efficient link with both the City and the South of England. Victoria Street, adjacent to both the Station and Westminster, had already been formed, and under the direction of the architect, Henry Ashton, was being lined, with blocks of residential chambers in the Parisian manner. These flats were commodious indeed, offering between eight and fifteen rooms apiece, including appropriate domestic offices. The idea was an emphatic departure from the tradition of the London house and achieved immediate success.Perhaps the most notable block in the vicinity was Queen Anne's Mansions, partly designed by E. R. Robson in 1884 and recently demolished. For many years, this was London's loftiest building and had strong claims to be the ugliest. The block was begun as a wild speculation, modelled on the American skyscraper, and was nearly 200 feet high. The cliff-like walls of dingy brick completely overshadowed the modest thoroughfare nearby. Although bleak outside, the mansion flats were palatial within, with sumptuously furnished communal entertaining and dining rooms, and lifts to the uppermost floors. The success of these tall blocks of flats could not have been achieved, of course, without the invention of the lift, or 'ascending carriage' as it was called when first used in the Strand Law Courts in the 1870s.16. Flats first appeared in Britain in the middle of the 19th century when ______.(A) they were principally built for those families with several servants(B) people were not conscious of the crowded housing of the less well-to-do(C) there was increasing concern over accommodation for the poor(D) people became conscious of the social needs of the rural population17. English upper-middle-class families preferred to ______.(A) live mainly outside London, where it was healthier and cheaper(B) live near their working place(C) live in the West End(D) live in London, but mainly not in the West End18. One effect of the railways coming to central London was to stimulate the building of ______(A) large and well-appointed hotels(B) blocks of self-contained flats(C) rows of elegant town houses(D) flats similar to hotel suites19. The immediate success of the flats in Victoria Street could be attributed to ______.(A) their French style of architecture(B) their revolutionary style of architecture(C) the ease with which they could be used as offices(D) the unusual number of rooms each flat contained20. How does the writer refer to the interior and exterior of Queen Anne's Mansions?(A) They were elegantly decorated both inside and outside.(B) They were grim from the outside and had a modest decor inside.(C) They were flashy from the street but nondescript inside.(D) They were plain outside but with lavish interiors.Questions 21-25Troubled by the poor performance of their investments, many people are taking steps to halt erosion of their savings and rethink their financial plans. They are not sure what to do to maximize returns in light of stock market fluctuations, new tax laws, low interest rates and skyrocketing real estate values. "On an emotional level, people are petrified of making a mistake and losing more money," says financial counselor Denise Hughes. "The do-it-yourself investor of the 1990s is more comfortable now doing nothing." But doing nothing isn't better than doing something smart, especially as college, weddings and retirement loom. Here's what financial advisors are recommending to their clients:Plan for financial aidMost parents don't save nearly enough for children's education. They assume that investing in a 529 college plan is the best place for your savings, While a 529 plan offers tax-free growth and withdrawals for college costs—and in some cases a tax deduction—colleges look at these savings when sizing up eligibility and how much they will fork over. The same scrutiny is given to funds saved in a Coverdell IRA and in an account opened in your child's name. Do save aggressively for college in a taxable account in your name if your household income is below $ 100,000. In this case, your child will likely qualify for some financial aid. Do invest in a 529 savings plan if your income is higher than $100,000 and will likely remain at or above that level when your child enters college. In this case, the 529 plan is great because you probably won't qualify for financial aid anyway.Expect ups and downsStung by three straight years of stock market declines, many people have been shifting to lower-risk investments. But just as taking too much risk can hurt your portfolio's growth rate, so can hiding out in ultra, safe investments; paying 1% or less.Do consider investing in funds that you'll hold on to for more than a year. Under the new tax law, long-term capital gains are taxed at a maximum of 15%, down from 20%. Do look at stock funds that pay dividends. Dividends on stocks used to be taxed at your personal income tax rate, Under the new law, they are now taxed at no more than 15%. Investing in these funds will not only hold down taxes but also sustain your portfolio's value in tough times.Forget high feesOver the next ten years, achieving the kind of double-digit returns we experienced over the past 20 years will be much harder, predicts Harold Evensky, a certified financial planner. "In the 1990s, the average rate of return for a portfolio allocated 60% to stocks and 40% to bonds was 13.2% after taxes and transaction expenses." Over the coming decade, this rate is expected to be closer to 5.5% as the 50-year historical average returns to the neighborhood of 8%. Don't pay unnecessarily high investment costs and fees. For example, if you can save half a percentage point。

[原文]In a normal recession, the to-do list is clear. Copies of Keynes are dusted off, the Fed lowers interest rates, the president and Congress cut taxes and hike spending. In time, purchasing, production and loans perk up, and Keynes is placed back on the shelf. No larger alterations to the economy are made, because our economy, but for the occasional bump in the road, is fundamentally sound.This has been the drill in every recession since World War II.Republicans and Democrats argue over whose taxes should be cut the most and which projects should be funded, but, under public pressure to do something, they usually find some mutually acceptable midpoint and enact a stimulus package. Even in today's hyperpartisan Washington, the odds still favor such a deal.This time, though, don't expect that to be the end of the story -- because the coming recession will not be normal, and our economy is not fundamentally sound. This time around, the nation will have to craft new versions of some of the reforms that Franklin Roosevelt created to steer the nation out of the Great Depression[参考译文] 平常的经济萧条一旦来临，大家都明确应该马上着手做哪些事情：重新翻开尘封已久的凯恩斯的著作，联邦政府调低利息率，总统和国会开始减税，增加财政支出。

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