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Unit 4 Global warming全球变暖一、词汇about发生；造成注意：（1）come about是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态，常指情况不受人控制的突然发生。
有时用it作形式主语，that从句作真正主语。
（2）表示“发生”的词或短语有：happen,occur,take place,break① Many a quarrel comes about through a misunderstanding.② The moon came out from behind the clouds.③ I’ll let you know if anything comes up.④ I’ll come over and see how you are coming along.⑤ I came across an old friend yesterday.⑥ When she came to, she couldn’t recognize the surroundings.① I subscribe to your suggestion.② Which magazine do you subscribe to?③ He subscribed his name to the paper（文件）.④ He subscribed a large sum to the poor students.n.量；数量① It’s cheaper to buy goods in quantity / in large quantities.② A large quantity of silk is sold in Japan.③ A large quantity of drugs are found in his home.④ Large quantities of rain are needed in this area.① He tends to get angry when others disagree with her.② His views tend towards the extreme（极端）.③ He was tending (to) his son when I saw him in the hospital.④ Jane is nice but has a tendency to talk too much.=Jane is nice but she tends to talk too much.① The price of the new house in our area has gone up by 1,000 yuan per square meter（平方米）。
人教版高中英语必修六Unit4 Global warming课文全解（常考单词、高频短语和写作句式）Ⅰ. 常考单词必背1．consume vt. 消耗，消费；挥霍vi. 耗尽，毁灭Consumer goods production was to go up by six percent in that city. 在那个城市，消费品生产将增长百分之六。
2．random n. 偶然/随便的行动 adj. 任意的；随便的；任意的 adv.胡乱地[快速闪记]at random 随便地Because these natural disasters occur at random times，it is difficult to warn people in advance. 自然灾害的发生具有随机性，所以很难事先警告人们。
3．subscribe vt.&vi.(常与to连用) ①捐(款)；捐助②订购(报纸等) ③同意；赞同I subscribe to a few favourite charities. 我定期向几个中意的慈善机构捐款。
I've personally never subscribed to the view that either sex is superior to the other. 我个人从来都不同意性别有优劣之分的观点。
4．quantity n. 量；数量The change of quantity causes the change of quality. 量变引起质变。
[快速闪记]a large quantity of/large quantities of 大量in quantity/in large quantities 大量地5．trend n. 趋势；倾向But recently，we have seen a gradual trend towards healthier food. 但是近来，我们注意到人们逐渐倾向于更加健康的食品。
“it”的用法（二）【观察】观察下列几组句子中it的用法，然后加以总结。
1. a. It was for this very reason that Mr. Li came to work late this morning.b. It was a professor from Peking University who / that gave us a speech yesterday.2. a. It must be the naughty boys who are making so much noise.b. It might have been at midnight that the traffic accident took place.3. a. Is it in this factory that your father worked 20 years ago?b. Was it on the bus that you had your cellphone stolen yesterday?4. a. What is it that your boyfriend has bought you as a birthday present?b. When and where was it that you met Jim for the first time?5. a. It is simply because I like it that I do it.b. It is what you do rather than what you say that matters.6. a. I wonder what it is that has caused him to change his mind.b. He asked me why it was that I hadn’t turned up at the party.【总结】通过观察以上例句，可将it的用法归纳如下：★强调句型的基本句式是“It is / was +被强调部分+ that / who +句子的其余部分”，它可以对句中除谓语动词以外的成分加以强调。
Unit 4 Global warming全球变暖一、词汇about发生；造成注意：（1）come about是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态，常指情况不受人控制的突然发生。
有时用it作形式主语，that从句作真正主语。
（2）表示“发生”的词或短语有：happen,occur,take place,break① Many a quarrel comes about through a misunderstanding.② The moon came out from behind the clouds.③ I’ll let you know if anything comes up.④ I’ll come over and see how you are coming along.⑤ I came across an old friend yesterday.⑥ When she came to, she couldn’t recognize the surroundings.① I subscribe to your suggestion.② Which magazine do you subscribe to?③ He subscribed his name to the paper（文件）.④ He subscribed a large sum to the poor students.n.量；数量① It’s cheaper to buy goods in quantity / in large quantities.② A large quantity of silk is sold in Japan.③ A large quantity of drugs are found in his home.④ Large quantities of rain are needed in this area.① He tends to get angry when others disagree with her.② His views tend towards the extreme（极端）.③ He was tending (to) his son when I saw him in the hospital.④ Jane is nice but has a tendency to talk too much.=Jane is nice but she tends to talk too much.① The price of the new house in our area has gone up by 1,000 yuan per square meter（平方米）。
感顿市安乐阳光实验学校第四学时Grammar it的用法（Ⅱ）[观察领悟]观察领悟下列句子，注意“it”的用法。
1._It_was John who_/_that bought an old bike yesterday in a marketplace.2._It_was an old bike_that John bought yesterday in a marketplace.3. It_was yesterday that John bought an old bike in a marketplace.4. It_was in a marketplace that_John bought an old bike yesterday.5._It_was because the water had risen that they could not cross the river.6._Was_it_during the Second World War_that he died?7. Was_it last year that you got the degree?8. Where was_it that you met Tom yesterday?[自我总结]在英语中，我们常用“It is/was ... who/ that ...”句型来强调句子的某一成分(一般是句子的________、________或________，但不能是句子的谓语)。
在这个句型中，it没有词汇意义，只是引出________的成分。
如果被强调的成分是表示人的词，用________或________来连接都可以。
如果是其他成分，则一律用________来连接。
答案：主语；宾语；状语；被强调；who; that；that一、it用于构成强调句式要强调一个句子中除谓语以外的句子成分(如主语、宾语、状语等)。
可以使用“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分”这一句式。
it的用法（2）编稿：牛新阁审稿：王春霞概念引入上个单元中，我们已经学习it作代词和形式主语、形式宾语的用法，现在将继续学习it引出强调句的用法及一些与it有关的重点句型。
先看这些句子：1. There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.2. It was a scientist called Charles Keeling, who made accurate measurement of the amountof carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1956 to 1997.3. They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.4. It was during the 20th century that the temperature of the earth went up about one degree Fahrenheit.这些句子都是强调句，中的斜体词部分标识出了句中的强调句结构。
用法讲解it引出的强调句1【高清课堂：it的用法----强调句】强调句的结构：It is / was + 被强调部分（主语，宾语，状语）+ that (who / whom) + 其它部分在强调句型中：1. 被强调部分可以是主语、宾语或状语。
2. 引导词一般用that，如果是人的话，强调主语还可以用who，强调宾语用who和whom皆可。
3. 判断一个句子是否是强调句，我们可以把被强调部分放回到句子中，不需要添加任何成分时，句子就是强调句。
需要注意的是，在考试中，有的题会迷惑大家，许多题以It is开头，但是It is开头的句子并不全是强调句。
那么如何判断呢？看下列例句：1. It was in 2003 that I graduated from the university. 是在2003年我们从大学毕业的。
此句中有强调句结构“It was... that”，是不是强调句呢？把in 2003放回到原来句子中，即：I graduated from the university in 2003.此句非常完整，不缺少成分，是强调句。
2. It was not until dark that he realized it was too late to return home.直到天黑他才意识到太晚了，不能回家了。
把强调句结构“it was... that”去掉，句子变成：He realized it was too late to return home not until dark.（非正常句子）这是强调句中一个特殊的用法，它的原句应该是：He didn’t realize it was too late to return home until dark.注意：not... until句型中，如果写成强调句的话，要把not和until...部分一起提前。
3. Was it in the village which we used to live in that the accident happened?是在我们过去住的那个村子发生的事故吗？此句是疑问句，较复杂的句子如果不好分析时，可以把原来的疑问句改成陈述句，变化得出：It was in the village which we used to live in that the accident happened.去掉It was，句子中that前是从句“which we used to live in”修饰village，译成“我们过去住过的村子”，是定语从句，which代替village作live in的宾语。
原句应该是：The accident happened in the village which we used to live in.考试时经常把此条件句中which和that处变成空白处，看看你是否知道填什么词汇。
那么分清何处是定语从句，何处是强调句，就很关键了。
注意：强调句的一般疑问句形式，把it is/was中的is/was提前。
4. Where was it that the road accident happened yesterday? 昨天是在哪儿发生的交通事故？此句也是疑问句，变成陈述句：It was where that the road accident happened yesterday. （非正常句子）这个强调句的被强调部分，是疑问词，原句是：Where did the road accident happen yesterday?注意：强调句中如果提问被强调部分，要把疑问词放在句首，后面接一般疑问句语序。
5. It is how you behave in difficulties that shows what you are really like.是你在困境中的行为表现出你到底是什么人的。
去掉“It is... that”，句子变成：How you behave in difficulties shows what you are really like.是强调句，因为句子很完整，强调的是主语从句。
■it引出的强调句2强调句型的几点注意：1. 句首词用“It”，不能用“This”，“That”等。
2. be动词总用单数形式，即is或was。
可以用might be/ must have been/ can’t be等形式。
It might be tomorrow evening that the news will be broadcast.这则消息或许是明天晚上播出。
3. 被强调的部分如果是表示“人”的代词，强调主语用主格，强调宾语用宾格。
It is him that (who/ whom) I met in the street yesterday. 我昨天在街上遇到的是他。
It is I that/ who didn’t realize all my mistakes until you told me yesterday.是我直到昨天你告诉我才意识到我的错误。
4. 连接词一般用that，当强调部分是人时，强调主语也可用who，强调宾语也可用whom或who。
当强调部分是时间状语或地点状语时，不能用when或where。
It was about 30 years ago that we graduated from university and became teachers.我们是30年前从大学毕业成为老师的。
It was on Oct. 1st, 1949 that People’s Republic of China was founded.中华人民共和国是1949年10月1日成立的。
It is in the university where he taught that the research is carrying on.这项研究是在他教过书的大学里进行的。
5. 强调句中的主谓一致问题若强调部分是句子的主语，则that或who引导的句子中的谓语动词应和强调部分保持人称和数的一致，即：若被强调部分是单数，谓语动词用单数形式；若被强调部分是复数，则谓语动词用复数形式。
如：It is Mary who often helps me with my English. 是玛丽帮我学英语的。
It is the boy students of Class Two who are playing football on the playground.是二班的学生正在操场上踢足球。
易与强调句混淆的几个句型：1. It is/has been +时间+since ... 从......以来有......since引导的从句通常是一般过去时，如果It is改成It was，since从句常用过去完成时。
It is years since I enjoyed such a good dinner. 我多年没有享受过这么好的一顿晚饭了。
It was five years since his father had died. 当时他父亲去世五年了。
2. It is +时间+ when ... 当……的时候，时间是……when 引导的是时间状语从句，主句中的it 指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。
It was 10 o’clock when we got home last night. 我们昨晚到家时十点了。
对比：It was at ten o’clock that we got home last night．我们昨晚是在十点到家的。
此句是强调句，去掉“it was...that”后句子仍然完整合理，注意that不能改成when。
而上句不是强调句。
3. It was/ will be ... before ... 过.......就......It was not/ will not be... before... 不久......就......主句中的it 指时间，表语多是long, not long , three days , two weeks 等表示“一段时间”的词或短语。
It was three days before he went to Beijing. 三天后他就去了北京。
It will not be long before he finishes his job. 不久他就完成了工作。
对比：It was three days ago that he went to Beijing. 他是三天前去的北京。
此句是强调句，去掉“it was...that”后句子仍然完整合理。
it的常用句型小结11. It is clear (obvious/ true/ possible/ certain…) that …某事是清楚（明显/真的/可能/肯定……）的It was clear that they had no desire for peace. 很清楚他们没有和平的愿望。
