2011-2013年复旦大学国际关系专业考博试题国际关系 和 世界政治与经济

复旦大学国际关系专业历年考研试题（2015-2017）目录复旦大学国际关系专业历年考研试题（2015-2017） (1)2015年复旦大学国际关系专业考研试题 (1)2016年复旦大学国际关系考研真题 (2)2017年复旦大学国际关系专业740、833初试真题 (4)2015年复旦大学国际关系专业考研试题一、名词解释1、公共外交2、安全困境3、霸权稳定论4、依附理论5、哥本哈根学派6、多边主义7、双层博弈8、进攻性现实主义9、国际机制10、权力转移二、简答题1、华尔兹的结构现实主义2、现实主义、自由主义、建构主义对国家间合作条件的不同看法3、对外决策中的理性决策理论、组织理论、官僚理论是什么？分析不同之处4、列举三位中国国际关系理论名家名字，简述其代表作及主要观点三、论述题1、美国亚太再平衡战略、中国一带一路战略已经或将来会对亚太战略格局带来什么样的变化？国际关系史试题近代部分1、简述《开罗宣言》主要内容及其在中日钓鱼岛争端中的特殊地位2、凡尔赛体系的实质及其矛盾论述1、1870-1914年德国崛起对欧洲各国关系的影响（请用现实主义理论解释）现代当代部分简述1、埃以《戴维营协议》的主要内容及其影响2、《中俄边界东段补充协定》主要内容及意义论述：冷战期间德国问题与东西方关系相互影响论述谈谈当今国内国外反恐形势及看法2016年复旦大学国际关系考研真题2017年复旦大学国际关系专业740、833初试真题【740近现代国际关系史（含外交史）】一、简述（15\'*4）1.简述克里米亚战争的原因及意义。

2.简述第三次中东战争的过程、结果及影响。

3.简述有关德国统一问题的“2+4”会议。

4.简述“麦克马洪线”的由来与性质。

二、论述（30\'*3）1.论述美国1930-1940期间的孤立主义政策。

2.论述20世纪80年代的美苏关系。

3.论述毛泽东“三个世界”思想及对中国和发展中国家合作的意义。

【833国际关系理论（含外交学理论）】一、简答（15\'*4）1.请给出公共外交的定义。

国际关系专业试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题1分，共20分）1. 国际关系学是一门研究国家之间关系的学科，其主要研究内容包括：A. 国家政治B. 国际经济C. 国际法D. 以上都是2. 以下哪项不是国际关系理论中的三大理论？A. 现实主义B. 自由主义C. 建构主义D. 马克思主义3. 国际组织的作用不包括以下哪项？A. 促进国际合作B. 维护国际和平与安全C. 统治世界D. 协调国际关系4. 以下哪个不是联合国的主要机构？A. 安全理事会B. 国际法院C. 世界卫生组织D. 经济及社会理事会5. 国际法的基本原则不包括：A. 主权平等原则B. 不干涉内政原则C. 国家利益至上原则D. 和平解决争端原则...（此处省略15题）二、多项选择题（每题2分，共10分）1. 以下哪些因素可以影响国际关系的发展？A. 经济全球化B. 军事力量C. 文化差异D. 国际法2. 国际关系中的“软实力”包括：A. 文化影响力B. 经济吸引力C. 军事力量D. 政治影响力3. 以下哪些属于国际关系中的非传统安全问题？A. 恐怖主义B. 网络安全C. 气候变化D. 核武器扩散...（此处省略2题）三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）1. 简述现实主义在国际关系理论中的核心观点。

答案：现实主义认为国际体系是无政府状态的，国家是主要的行为体，国家行为的主要动机是追求权力和安全。

现实主义者强调权力政治和国家利益，认为国际合作是有限的，因为国家之间的利益冲突是不可避免的。

2. 阐述国际法在国际关系中的作用。

答案：国际法在国际关系中的作用包括：为国家间的互动提供规范和指导；促进和平解决争端；保护国家主权和领土完整；促进国际合作与发展；维护国际公平正义。

四、论述题（每题25分，共50分）1. 论述全球化对国际关系的影响。

答案：全球化对国际关系产生了深远的影响。

首先，全球化促进了国家间的经济联系，增加了国际贸易和投资，推动了世界经济的增长。

中国人民大学2010国际关系理论与当代国际政治（3选2，每题50分）1.论述经典现实主义中的道德思想。

2.简述从二战结束到日内瓦会议结束期间东亚冷战格局的形成。

3.论述改革开放以来中国对外政策的意识形态基础。

外交学和中国外交（三选二）1、胡锦涛总书记在第十一次驻外使节会议上提到“不断提高外交工作能力和水平,努力使我国在政治上更有影响力、经济上更有竞争力、形象上更有亲和力、道义上更有感召力”。

从外交角度，如何理解“四个更有力”？2、从外交的角度，谈谈2008年成功举办的北京奥运会和即将在上海举办的世博会？3、试析2010年年初中美之间的外交风波？2003当代国际关系论述题：（考生从三题中任选二题作答，每题50分，合计100分）1、试评当前美国政府国家安全战略和对外政策的基本特征及其原因。

2、试析20世纪70年代围绕石油问题的斗争及其政治经济后果。

3、试论冷战后亚洲地区的核不扩散问题。

中国外交论述题：（考生从三题中任选二题作答，每题50分，合计100分）1、试析中国加入WTO给中国外交带来的机遇和挑战。

2、试述20世纪60年代中国对外政策的国际、国内背景。

3、试析冷战后中国国家安全战略的发展。

20041、简述国际政治经济学中的国际合作机制（International Regimes）理论，并运用该理论分析当代国际政治经济中的一个案例。

2、试析均势理论的形成、基本内容及其在当代国际关系中的作用和局限。

3、试分析汉斯•摩根索政治现实主义的基本原则。

当代国际政治论述题（每题50分，共100分）1、结合冷战后的新形势，试析一国外交所受到的国际和国内制约。

2、试论周边外交在中国整体外交中的地位，以及20世纪90年代以来中国周边外交的新发展。

论述题（任选两题作答，每题50分，共100分）1、试述此次朝核问题的演化轨迹，并分析有关各国的基本立场和作用。

2、试析二战后至20世纪70年代美国对苏联遏制思想和遏制战略的演变。

复旦大学经济学历年真题2004复旦经济学基础试题1，选择4题共20分, a,某企业支付工资2万元,原材料价格3万元,销售收入8万元,则创造的附加值是b 蛛网模型收敛的条件是c,效用函数为u(x,y)=xy,则与之表示相同偏好次序的是u=(x+1)(x-1) u=xy/5 u=(x+5)(x-5)d,凯恩斯陷阱发生在债券价格高位时债券价格低位时2，名词2题共10分，赫克谢尔-俄林模型，经常项目差额第二定理3，简答2题共30分，劳动生产率提高会使商品价值降低，为什么厂商要提高劳动生产率/资本有机构成提高会使利润率降低，为什么资本家还要提高有机构成4，论述2题60分，用AD_AS模型分析通货膨胀的原因/用罗伯特-弗伦克尔模型分析货币金融危机的原因5，计算1题30分。

已知效用函数为U(X1,X2)=(lnx1+2lnx2)/3, p1,p2为价格，m为收入a,效用最大化条件b,求x1和x2的需求函数c,当p1=p2=1时，画出x1,x2的恩格尔线,纵轴为收入d,x1,x2 为正常品还是劣质品?普通品还是吉芬品?替代品还是互补品原题之二版[转帖]一，选择题（每题5分）1，一个公司除了支付一亿美圆的中间产品费用，两亿美圆的工资之外，再没有其他的投入，而它的总销售额是八亿美圆，问其附加值是多少？2，在蛛网模型中，收敛的条件是什么？即需求曲线斜率和供给曲线斜率之间的关系3，下列效用函数中，与u=xy小时的偏好次序相同的是：A，U=（X+5）*（Y+5）B，U=（X/5）*（Y/5）C，U=（X+5）*（Y-5）D，U=（X-5）*（Y-5）4, 凯恩斯陷阱是指证券价格的：A，高位区，B，中位区C，低位区D，无法确定二，名词解释（每题5分）1，赫克歇尔-俄林模型2，经常项目差额第二定理三，简答题（每题15分）1，既然劳动生产率与商品的价值成反比，为何资本家还要提高劳动生产率？2，资本有机构成的提高会导致利润率下降，则资本家为何还有积极提高资本有机构成？四，论述题（每题30分）1，请用AD-AS模型分析通货膨胀产生的原因2，请用弗伦克儿模型分析金融危机产生的原因五，计算题（30分）消费者效用函数为：U=（lnX1+2lnX2）/3，X1，X2表示两种商品，起价格分别为P1，P2 消费者的收入为m1，写出消费者的效用极大化2，写出对X1，X2的需求函数，X1=X1（m，P1，P2），X2=X2（m，P1，P2）3，P1=P2=1，请画出两种商品的恩格儿曲线，该曲线表示消费者收入和需求量间的关系，一般经济学家习惯用纵轴表示收入4，m=10，P2=5，请画出X1的需求曲线，该曲线表示商品价格和商品需求量间的关系，经济学家习惯用纵轴表示商品的价格5，分析X1，X2是正常商品还是劣质商品，是普通品还是吉芬品，是替代品还是互补品2001年经济学试题[转帖]一选择题（每题3分，共30分）1、下列生产资料属于劳动对象的是：——A、原材料；B、厂房；C、工具；D、机器设备。

国际关系学院2006年考研题目一名词解释:1,普法战争2,白里安凯洛格公约3,德黑兰会议4,肯尼迪和平战略5,北约伙伴关系计划6,日本关于联合国维和行动合作纲领二:简答题1,简述二战时苏联建立“东方战线”的过程及影响2,试述20世纪70-80年代发展中国家建立国际经济新秩序的背景行动及成果?三论述1,20世纪30年代美国中立法,以及租界法案的背景内容以及影响? 2,20世纪70年代苏攻美守战略形态的成因的内容以及影响?国际关系学院国际关系专业（政治）综合简答 1简述东亚峰会的意义2简述中日关系僵局的原因短论 论911事件的影响简述一下二战时苏联建立“东方战线”的过程及影响国际关系史：一名词解释:1,普法战争 2,白里安凯洛格公约 3,德黑兰会议 4,肯尼迪和平战略\ 5,北约“和平伙伴关系计划 ”6,日本《联合国维持和平活动合作法》\二:简答题1,简述二战时苏联建立“东方战线”的建立并评价其作用2,试述20世纪70-80年代发展中国家开展建立国际经济新秩序斗争的背景、目标及成果。

三论述1,20世纪30年代美国先后制定《中立法》与《租界法》的背景、主要内容及其影响。

2,20世纪70年代苏攻美守战略形态形成的原因、表现及其影响。

国际关系学院国际关系（政治）专业综合一、简答（每题25分）1试析首届东亚峰会的意义2简析当前中日关系陷入僵局的原因\二、短论 （100分）评估911恐怖事件的影响国际政治专业综合一、名词解释1、“文明冲突论”2、欧洲一体化3、中国提出的新安全观4、国际政治行为体5、民族主义6、第四轮朝核六方会谈二、论述题1、什么是世界格局？试论世界格局划分的基本理论及21世纪初的世界格局。

2、试析当前中日关系及中国关于中日关系发展的主张。

3、试论新现实主义的基本理论、流派及意义。

国际关系专业（文传）方向专业综合一、名词解释1、博客2、把关人3、公众4、意见领袖5、财经传播6、遣唐使7、文艺复兴8、和平崛起二、简答题（前4题选答3道，第5题必答）1、试结合信息社会中因特网这一传播新媒体，简析马歇尔.麦克卢汉“媒介即讯息”的观点2、当今美国公共关系理论研究中有所谓“管理学派”、“语艺学派”和“整合营销传播学派”，请选择其中一个学派，简述其对公共关系的基本观点，并说明其主要的学术代表人物。

复旦大学2021年国际关系硕士考研真题
专业一
名词解释
欧洲协调
非战公约
《使西纪程》
《中日友好修好条规》
理藩院
《美国对外政策文件集》
简答题
简述欧洲列强争霸与美洲独立运动之间的历史关联性
简述1845年与1870年的英国对华政策的不同之处及其原因
简述乒乓外交的过程、结果及意义。

论述题
我们所认为的近代国际关系史的开端是何年何事？为何将其作为开端？
列举当前国内外学者对这一基准时间的反思和批判，分析学界重新审视近代国际关系史的开端问题的背景和意义，并论述你对近代国际关系史的开端及历史分期问题的思考
专业二
名词解释
贸易保护主义
一带一路
调停外交
人类卫生健康共同体
三个世界理论
地区一体化
列宁
洛克文化
攻防平衡
简答题
1.现实主义、自由主义、建构主义对安全困境的不同解释。

2美国发动贸易战对全球贸易体系的影响
3抗击新冠疫情过程中不同国际治理模式的比较
论述题
1联合国成立七十五周年以来对国际秩序的影响与塑造。

2论述当代中国外交对传统中国外交的继承和扬弃。

⽆忧考为⼤家整理的历年上海复旦⼤学⾃主招⽣试题汇总，供⼤家参考。

2012年复旦⼤学⾃主招⽣千分考试题 据复旦招办预计，2012年通过千分考进⼊⾃主招⽣⾯试的学⽣⽐例将与2011年基本持平，成绩和⾯试⽅案将于⼀周内公布。

以下是中国教育在线为您整理的2012年复旦“千分考”部分考题。

选摘考题如下： 1.冷战以后，我国规模的⼀次撤侨是从哪个国家撤离的？ 2.中国的13个船员是在哪条河遇难的？ 3.在欧债危机中，有哪些国家的政权发⽣了更迭？ 4.请从东到西排出“iPhone4S”第⼀批上市的⼏个国家。

5.“《社戏》、《藤野先⽣》、《从百草园到三味书屋》等是否都出⾃《朝花⼣拾》？ 6.按照时间顺序排列鲁迅的四⼤名著《药》、《狂⼈⽇记》、《阿Q正传》、《祝福》。

7."五⽉渡泸，深⼊不⽑"出⾃哪⾥？” 8.清朝哪位⽂⼈将⽂体分为阴柔派和阳刚派？ 9.以下哪个地⽅对柑橘的⽣长危险因素？ 10.中国的四个卫星发射中⼼哪个耗能？ 11.上海出租车在3公⾥以内收费14元，超过3公⾥10公⾥以内，是每公⾥2.4元，请计算要付的钱和公⾥数的函数关系。

12.伊丽莎⽩⼥王的权⼒受限是因为哪个法案？ 13.根据⽔稻育种、播种的时间，请判断这是什么地区？ 14.根据某地茶叶上市的时节来判断当地⽓候。

15.⼀个磁铁矿完全变成氯化铁矿，会有多少四氧化三铁的含量？ 16.1M字节等于多少K字节？ 17.如果⾦属钠失⽕，要⽤什么来扑灭？ 18.中国有4个卫星发射中⼼，哪个发射中⼼的能耗？ 19.把⼗元钱换成1元、5⾓、1⾓零钱，有⼏种不同的组合⽅法？ 20.⼆进制1101011转化成⼗进制是多少？ 21. 1M字节等于多少K字节？2011年复旦⼤学千分考试题选摘： 辨别莎⼠⽐亚作品台词； ⼼绞痛可以⽤何种药物治疗； 列举陀思妥耶夫斯基的代表作； 朝韩炮击事件是在哪⾥发⽣的； 去年联合国⽓候⼤会在哪⾥举⾏； 世界杯半决赛对阵的是哪四⽀球队； 《达·芬奇密码》是什么类型的⼩说； 《六书》中哪些是造字⽅法、哪些是⽤字⽅法； 辨别“⼲涸、征伐、蜡烛、多余”等繁体字正误； 说是⼀辆辆车⼦进站出站，考汽车进出站的顺序； 给出了⾜球世界杯中对阵的⼏组国家的名字，问哪组国家⽂化背景相似； 世博园中⼀位游客的⼿表显⽰6点，当时北京时间是7点，这位游客来⾃哪个时区2010年复旦⼤学⾃主招⽣试题 复旦⼤学⾃主招⽣笔试全是选择题，考查内容囊括语⽂、数学、外语、物理、化学、⽣物、政治、历史、地理和计算机⼗门学科。

2007年北京大学国际关系学院国际关系史07北大国际关系史试题24年日内瓦公约 NPT 天羽声明二十年危机的影响脾斯麦同盟的影响克林顿与小布什对外政策的异同，分析原因2000年北京大学国际关系学院国际关系史一、填空1、西班牙王位继承战争后，____根据____条约继承了西班牙王位。

2、英法协约具体分为三个小条约，分别是______，______和_______。

3、第一次地中海协定是_____年_____月由_______、________和_______三国协定的。

4、德国的新东方政策提出了一个_______，两个_______。

5、马约的正式名称是_________，包括两个具体的条约_______和_______，它的生效时间是________。

6、欧共体国家与第三世界签定的第一个南北合作的协定是________。

二、简答1、门罗宣言2、1878年柏林会议3、新欧洲巴黎宪章4、PKO法案5、第二次魁北克会议6、哈尔斯坦主义三、论述1、论述30年代德国扩军备战的过程，以及为什么没有受到其他国家的遏制。

2、论述北约战略新概念的内容、性质和影响。

2000年北京大学国际关系学院国政概论一、填空（共20分）1、肯尼斯. 尔兹是国际关理论中_____学派的代表人物。

2、为了对付日本提出的雁行模式，美国提出了______。

3、日本提出的雁行模式的根本内容是_______。

4、日本著名的右翼分子，刚当选为东京都知事的是_____。

5、亨廷顿对90年代以来第三世界国家的民主化进程的描述是_____。

6、中国威胁论提出的根据是______。

7、拉美国家经济在经历了70年代的迅速发展后，进入80年代处于停滞状态，这一时期被称为______。

8、研究第三世界发展的经济学派是________。

9、英国首相布莱尔针对社会主义与资本主义有合流的趋势提出了_____。

10、依附理论认为发达国家和发展中国家的关系是______。

各流派的主要代表人物及其主要著作三次争论理想主义vs现实主义(一战—20世纪60年代)科学行为主义vs传统主义(20世纪50年代—)新现实主义vs新自由主义(20世纪80年代—)简答题1、简述国际关系理论古典现实主义者的核心假设。

1、国际体系以国家为基础，国家是国际体系中的主要行为体。

2、国际政治的本质是冲突，即无政府状态下国家争夺权力的斗争。

在无政府状态下，民族国家不可避免地要依靠实力来确保生存。

3、各国拥有合法主权，但因实力的大小不同而有强国和弱国之分。

4、国家是统一的行为体，对外政策独立于国内政治。

5、国家是根据国家利益进行决策的理性行为体。

6、权力是解释和预测国家行为的最重要概念。

2、简述摩根索现实主义六原则。

摩根索认为，现实主义理论是一种“关于人性实际上是怎样的和历史进程实际上是怎样发生的理论”。

他所提出的现实主义六条原则已经被国际学术界工人为最完整、最根本的国际关系原则。

主要如下：（1）政治关系受制于人性深处的客观规律，相信政治法则的客观性。

这些规律“不为我们的喜好所左右，违背它们就要冒失败的危险”。

所以要想变革社会，就必须首先认识这些社会规律，然后以这些认识为依据制定公共政策。

（2）政治领导人是“从以权力界定利益的角度进行思考和行动的”，历史已经证实了这一假设。

权力界定利益是现实主义研究国际政治的主要标志特征，它使得国际政治成为一个独立的研究领域。

（3）“以权力界定利益”的含义不易确定。

然而，只要世界是由各国在无政府状态下构成的，“国家利益就是世界政治的核心”。

所以，政治被定义为权力斗争，其本质就是利益。

利益是评价和指导政治行动的永恒标准。

（4）“必须依据具体的时间和地点，而不是用抽象和普通的公式把普遍的道德原则应用于国家的行为”而必须渗透到有确定的时间和地点的具体客观过程中。

“将政治行为的道德意义看作是道德命令和政治成功之间必然相互冲突的产物”。

不能混淆政治与道德的界限。

（5）不把“某个国家的道德追求等同于普遍的道德规范”。

复旦大学2007 年博士研究生入学考试英语试题Part ⅠVocabulary and Structure （15 points）Directions：There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark thecorresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET Ⅰ with a single line through the center.1.Although the false banknotes fooled many people, they did not to a closeexamination.A．keep up B．put up C．stand up D．look up2．When I bent down to tie my shoelace, the seat of my trousers .A．split B．cracked C．broke D．holed3.His thighs were barely strong enough to support the weight of his body.A．inanimate B．rustic C．malleable D．shrunken4.To get my travellers' cheques I had to a special cheque to the bank for the totalamount.A．make for B．make out C．make up D．make off5．She described the distribution of food and medical supplies a s a nightmare.A．paranoid B．putative C．benign D．logistical6．A sordid, sentimental plot unwinds, with a n inevitable ending.A．mawkish B．fateful C．beloved D．perfunctory7．Despite efforts by the finance minister, inflation rose to 36 points.A．absurd B．grimy C．valiant D．fraudulent8.In I wish I had thought about alternative courses of action.A．retrospect B．disparity C．succession D．dissipation9．Psychoanalysts tend to regard both and masochism as arising from childhood deprivation.A．attachment B．distinction C．ingenuity D．sadism10．Fear showed in the eyes of the young man, while the old man looked t ired and .A．watery B．wandering C．weary D．wearing11.The clash between Real Madrid and Arsenal i s being as the match of the season.A．harbinger B．allured C．congested D．lodged12．What he told me was a of downright lies.A．load B．mob C．pack D．flock13．We regret to inform you that the materials you o rdered are .A．out of work B．out of stock C．out of reach D．out of practice14.I realized the consequences, I would never have contemplated getting involved.A．Even if B．Had C．As long as D．If15.They managed to the sound on TV every time the alleged victim's name was spoken.A．deaden B．deprive C．punctuate D．rebuff16．He had been to appear in court on charges of incitement o f lawbreaking.A．illuminated B．summoned C．prevailed D．trailed17．The computer doesn't human thought; it reaches the same ends by different means.A．flunk B．renew C．succumb D．mimic18．How about a glass of orange juice to your thirst？A．quench B．quell C．quash D．quieten19．The rain looked as if it had for the night.A．set off B．set up C．set out D．set in20.My aunt lost her cat last summer, but it a week later at a home in the next village.A．turned up B．turned in C．turned on D．turned out21．As is known to all, a vague law is always to different interpretations.A．invulnerable B．immune C．resistant D．susceptible22．The manager facts and figures to make it seem that the company was prosperous.A．beguiled B．besmirched C．juxtaposed D．juggled23.To our great delight, yesterday we received a（n）donation from a benefactor.A．handsome B．awesome C．miserly D．prodigal24．Students who get very high marks will be from the final examination.A．expelled B．banished C．absolved D．ousted25．It me that the man was not telling the truth.A．effects B．pokes C．hits D．stirs26．John glanced at Mary to see what she thought, but she remained .A．manifest B．obnoxious C．inscrutable D．obscene27．My neighbor tended to react in a heat and way.A．impetuous B．impertinent C．imperative D．imperceptible 28．This morning when she was walking in the street, a black car beside her.A．drew out B．drew off C．drew down D．drew up29．She decided to keep reticent about the unpleasant past and it to memory.A．attribute B．allude C．commit D．credit30.It did not take long for the central bank to their fears.A．soothe B．snub C．smear D．sanctifyPart ⅡReading Comprehension （40 points）Directions：There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A,B, C and D．Choose the best answer and mark corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET Ⅰwith a single line through the center.Passage OneJean left Alice Springs on Monday morning with regret, and flew all day in a “Dragonfly”' aircraft; and it was a very instructive day for her. The machine did not go directly to Cloncurry, but flew to and for across the wastes of Central Australia, depositing small bags of mail at cattle stations and picking up cattle-men and travelers to drop them off after a hundred or a hundred and fifty miles. They landed eight or ten times in the course of the day, at places like Ammaroo and Hatches Creek and many other stations; at each place they would get out of the plane and drink a cup of tea and have a talk with the station manager or owner, and get back into the plane and go on their way. By the end of the day Jean Paget knew exactly what a cattle station looked like, and she was beginning to have a very good idea of what went on there.They got to Cloncurry in the evening, a fairly extensive town on a railway that ran eastwardto the sea at Townsville．Here she was in Queensland, and she heard for the first time the slow deliberate speech of the Queensland that reminded her at once of her friend Joe Harman. She was driven into town in a very old open car and deposited at the Post Office Hotel; she got a bedroom but tea was over, and she had to go down the wide，dusty main street to a café for her evening meal. Cloncurry, she found, had none of the clean attractiveness of Alice Springs; it was a town which smelt of cattle, with wide streets through which to drive them down to the stockyard, many hotels, and a few shops. All the houses were of wood with red-painted iron roofs; the hotels had two floors, but very few of the other houses had more than one.She had to spend a day here, because the air service to Normanton and Willstown ran weekly on a Wednesday．She went out after breakfast while the air was still cool and walked in one direction up the huge main street for half a mile till she came to the end of the town, then came back and walked down it a quarter of a mile till she came to the other end. Then she went and had a look at the railway station, and, having seen the airfield,with that she had seen all there was to see in Cloncurry. She looked in at a shop that sold toys and newspapers, but they were sold out of all reading matter except a few books about dress-making; as the day was starting to warm up she went back to the hotel. She managed to borrow a copy of the Australian Women's Weekly from the manageress of the hotel and took it to her room, and took off most of her clothes and lay down on her bed to sweat it out during the heat of the day. Most of the other citizens of Cloncurry seemed to be doing the same thing.She felt like moving again shortly before tea and had a shower, and went out to the café for an ice. Weighed down by the heavy meal of roast beef and plum-pudding that the Queenslanders call “tea” she sat in a folding chair for a little outside in the cool of the evening, and went to bed again at about eight o'cock. She was called before daybreak, and was out at the airfield with the first light.31.When Jean had to leave Alice S prings, she .A.wished she could have stayed lodgerB．regretted she had decided to flyC．wasn't looking forward to flying all dayD．wished it had not been a Monday morning32.How did Jean get some idea of Australian cattle station？A.She learnt about them at first h and.B.She learnt about them from friends.C.She visited them weekly.D.She stayed on one for a week.33.Jean's main complaint about Cloncurry in comparison with Alice Springs, was .A．the width of the main street B．the poor service at the hotelC．the poor-looking buildings D．the smell of cows34．For her evening meal on the second day J ean had .A．only an ice-cream B．a lot of cooked foodC．some cold beer D．a cooling, but non-alcoholic drink35．Jean left Cloncurry .A．early on Wednesday morning B．late on Tuesday eveningC．after breakfast on Tuesday D．before breakfast on TuesdayPassage TwoIt was unfortunate that, after so trouble-free an arrival, he should stumble in the dark as he was rising and severely twist his ankle on a piece of rock. After the first shock the pain became bearable, and he gathered up his parachute before limping into the trees to hide it as best he could. The hardness of the ground and the deep darkness made it almost impossible to do this efficiently. The pine needles lay several inches deep so he simply piled them on top of the parachute, cutting the short twigs that he could feel around his legs, and spreading them on top of the needles. He had great doubts about whether it would stay buried, but there was very little else that he could do about it.After limping for some distance in an indirect course away from his parachute he began to make his way downhill through the trees. He had to find out where he was, and then decide what to do next. But walking downhill on a rapidly swelling ankle soon proved to be almost beyond his powers. He moved more and more slowly，walking in long sideways movements across the slope, which meant taking more steps but less painful ones. By the time he cleared the trees and reached the valley, day was breaking. Mist hung in soft sheets across the field. Small cottages and farm buildings grouped like sleeping cattle around a village church, whose pointed tower, pointed high into the cold winter air to welcome the morning.“I can't go no further，” John Harding thought. “Someon e is bound to find me, but what can't I do？I must get a rest before I go on. Ther'll look for me first up there on the mountain where the plane crashed. I bet they're out looking for it already and they're bound to find the parachute in the end. I can't believe they won't. So they'll know I'm not dead and must be somewhere. They'll think I'm hiding up there in the trees and rocks so they'll look for me, so I'll go down to the village. With luck by the evening my foot will be good enough to get me to the border.”Far above him on the mountainside he could hear the faint echo of voices, startling him after great silence. Looking up he saw lights like little pinpoints moving across the face of the mountain in the grey light. But the road was deserted, and he struggled along, still almost invisible in the first light, easing his aching foot whenever he could, avoiding stones and rough places, and limping quietly and painfully towards the village. He reached the church at last. A great need for peace almost drew him inside, but he knew that would not do. Instead, he limped along its wails towards a very old building standing a short distance from the church doors. It seemed to have been there for ever, as if it had grown out of the hillside. It had the same air of timelessness as the church. John Harding pushed open the heavy wooden door and slipped inside.36.It is known from the passage that John Harding was .A.an escaped prisonerB．a criminal on the run from the policeC．an airman who had landed in an enemy country areaD．a spy who had been hiding in the forest37.John Harding found it hard to hide his parachute because .A．he got his ankle twisted severelyB.the trees did not give very good coverC.the earth was not soft and there was little lightD.the pine needles lay too thick on the ground38.In spite of his bad ankle John Harding was a ble to .A．carry on walking fairly rapidlyB.walk in a direction that was less steepC.bear the pain without changing directionD.find out where he had landed39.When John Harding got out of the forest he saw that .A．it was beginning to get much lighterB.washing was hanging on the lines in the villageC.the fields were full of sleeping cowsD.some trees had been cleared near the village40.John Harding decided to go down to the village .A.to find a doctor to see to his ankle B．to be near the frontierC．to avoid the search party D．to find shelter in a buildingPassage ThreeA trade group for liquor retailers put out a press release with an alarming headline: “Millions of Kids Buy Internet Alcohol, Landmark Survey Reveals.”The announcement, from the Wine and Spirits Wholesalers of America received wide media attention. On NBC's Today Show, Lea Thompson said, “According to a new online survey, one in 10 teenagers have an underage friend who has ordered beer, wine or liquor over the internet. More than a third think they can easily do it and nearly half think they won't get caug ht.” Several newspapers mentioned the study, including USA Today and the Record of New Jersey. The news even made Australia's Gold Coast Bulletin.Are millions of kids really buying booze online？To arrive at that jarring headline, the group used some questionable logic to pump up results from a survey that was already tilted in favor of finding a large number of online buyer.For starters, consider the source. The trade group that commissioned the survey has long fought efforts to expand online sales of alcohol; its members are local distributors who compete with online liquor sellers. Some of the news coverage pointed out that conflict of interest, though reports didn't delve more deeply into how the numbers were computed.The Wine and Spirits Wholesalers of America hired Teenage Research Unlimited, a research company, to design the study. Teenage Research, in turn, hired San Diego polling firm Luth Research to put the questions to 1,001 people between the ages of 14 and 20in an online survey. Luth gets people to participate in its surveys in part by advertising them online and offering small cash awards—typically less than $ 5 for short surveys.People who agree to participate in online surveys are, by definition, internet users, something that not all teens are. （Also, people who actually take the time to complete such surveys may be more likely to be active, or heavy internet users. ）It's safe to say that kids who use the internet regularly are more likely to shop online than those who don't. Teenage Research Unlimited told me it weighted the survey results to adjust for age, sex, ethnicity and geography of respondents, but had no way to adjust for degree of internet usage.Regardless, the survey found that, after weighting, just 2.1 points of the 1,001 respondents bought alcohol online—compared, with 56 points who had consumed alcohol. Making the questionable assumption that their sample was representative of all Americans aged 14 to 20 with access to the internet—and not just those with the time and inclination to participate in online surveys—the researchers concluded that 551,000 were buying alcohol online.But that falls far short of the reported “millions of kids”. To ju stify that headline, the wholesalers' group focused on another part of the survey that asked respondents if they knew a teen who had purchased alcohol online. Some 12 points said they did. Of course, it's ridiculous to extrapolate from a state like that—one buyer could be known by many people, and it's impossible to measure overlap. Consider a high school of 1,000 students, with 20 who have bought booze on line and 100 who know about the purchases. If 100 of the school's students are surveyed at random, you'd expect to find two who have bought and 10 who know someone who has—but that still represents only two buyers, not 10．（Not to mention the fact that thinking you know someone who has ordered beer online is quite different from ordering a six pack yourself. ）Karen Gravois Elliott, a spokeswoman for the wholesalers' group, told me, “The numbers are real,” but referred questions about methodology to Teenage Research. When I asked her about the potential problems of conducting the survey online, she said the medium was a strength of the survey: “We specifically wanted to look at the teenage online population.”Nahme Chokeir, a vice president of client service for San Diego-based Luth Research Inc., told me that some of his online panel comes from word of mouth, which wouldn't necessarily skew toward heavy internet users. He added that some clients design surveys to screen respondents by online usage, though Teenage Research didn't.I asked Michael Wood, a vice president at Teenage Research who worked on the survey，whether one could say, as the liquor trade group did, that millions of teenagers had bought alcoholonline. “You can't,” he replied, adding, “This is their press release.”41.Which of the following is the message that this passage is trying to convey？A．The severe social consequences of kids buying alcohol online.B.The hidden drawback of the American educational system.C.The influence of wide coverage of news media.D.The problems in statistic methodology in social survey.42.According to the author, what is wrong with the report about kids buying alcohol？A．It is unethical to offer cash awards to subjects of survey.B.The numbers in this report were falsified.C.The samples and statistic methods were not used logically.D.The study designers and survey conductors were bribed.43.Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the word “extrapolate” in paragraph 8？A.Conduct. B．Infer. C．Deduct. D．Whittle.44.By saying “To justify that headline, the wholesalers' group focused on another part of the survey that asked respondents if they knew a teen who had purchased alcohol online”, the author implies that .A.it is absurd to conduct a survey among teenagersB.the ways the wholesalers' group conducted surveys are statistically questionableC.this kinds of survey is preliminary, therefore undependableD.teenagers might not be honest since buying alcohol online is an indecent behavior45．Which of the following is more likely to be the source for problems in this survey？A．This survey is tilted in favor of local alcohol distributors, who have a conflict of interest with online sellers.B.The data collection and analysis are not scientific and logical.C.Subjects are not sampled in a right way and can not represent the whole American teenage population.D.The survey results are affected by gifts to subjects, which can be misleading.Passage FourI had visited the capital before although my friend Arthur had not, I first visited London as astudent, reluctantly released from the bosom of a tearful mum, with a traveling trunk stuffed full of home-made fruit cakes and woolly vests. I was ill-prepared for the Spartan standards of the South. Through even the grimmest post-war days, as kids we had ploughed our way through corner cuts of beef and steamed puddings. So you can imagine my dismay when I arrived, that first day, at my London digs to be faced with a plate of tuna-paste sandwiches and a thin slice of cake left curling under a tea-towel. And that was supposed to be Sunday l unch!When I eventually caught up with my extremely irritating landlady, I met with a vision of splendor more in keeping with the Royal Enclosure at the races than the area in which she lived. Festooned with jewels and furs and plastered with exclusive cosmetics, she was a walking advert for Bond Street.Now, we have a none too elegant but very apt phrase for this in the North of England, and it was the one my friend Arthur to describe London after three days there: “All fur coat and nothing underneath.”Take our hotel. The reception area was plush and inviting, the lounge and diningroom poor enough to start Arthur speaking “properly”. But journey upstairs from one landing to the next, at the veneers of civilization fell away before your eyes. By the time we reached our room, all pretension to refinement and comfort had disappeared. The fur coat was off （back in the bands of the hire purchase company）, and what we were really expected to put up with for a small fortune a night was exposed in all its shameful nakedness. It was little more than a garret, a s habby affair with patched and peeling walls. There was a stained sink with pipes that grumbled and muttered all night long and an assortment of furnishings that would have disgraced Her Majesty's Prison Service. But the crowning glory was the view from the window. A peek behind the handsome facade of our fabled city, rank gardens choked with rubbish, all the debris of life piled against the back door. It was a good job the window didn't open, because from it all arose the unmistakable odor of the abyss.Arthur, whose mum still polishes her back step and disinfects her dustbin once a week, slumped on to the bed in a sudden fit of depression. “Neve r mind，” I said, drawing the curtains. “You can watch telly.” This was one of the hotel's luxuries, which in the newspaper ad had persuaded us we were going to spend the week in style. It turned out to be a yellowing plastic thing with a picture which rolled over and over like a floundering fish until you took your fist to it.But Arthur wasn't going to be consoled by any cheap technological gimmicks.He was sure his dad had forgotten to feed his pigeons and that his dogs were pining away for him. He grew horribly homesick. After a terrible night spent tossing and turning to a ceaselesscacophony of pipes and fire doors, traffic, drunks and low-flying aircraft, Arthur surfaced next daylike a claustrophobic mole. London had got squarely on top of him. Seven million people had saton him all night, breathed his air, generally fouled his living space, and come between him andthat daily quota of privacy and peace which prevents us all from degenerating into mad axemen orreservoir poisoners.Arthur had to be got out of London for a while.46．When the writer first came to t he capital .A.he had been very reluctant to leave his motherB.his mother had not wanted him to leave homeC.he had made no preparations for his journey southD.he had sent his possessions on ahead in a trunk47.The writer was surprised at what he received for Sunday lunch because .A.food had always been plentiful at homeB.he had been used to grimmer times at homeC.things had been difficult after the war up NorthD.beef had always been available from the butcher on the corner at home48.The landlady seemed to epitomize a phrase used in the North of England to indicate thatthings were .A.tender underneath the surface B．vulnerable to the outside worldC．more profound than they seemed D．beautiful but only superficially49．The room which the writer and his friend were t o share .A.was more suited to housing prisoners than hotel guestsB.had a magnificent view from one of its windowsC.had a door which provided access to a rubbish tipD.was situated above some foul-smelling gardens50.The writer feels that in order to remain sane, one needs a certain amount of .A．physical exercise B．fresh airC．daily nourishment D．breathing space注意：以下各题的答案必须写在ANSWER SHEETⅡ上。