高三英语一轮复习语法精讲专题14 强调句和省略句(北师大版)

省略句为了使话说得简明扼要，英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。

这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象，称为省略（ellipsis）Ⅰ、状语从句中的省略用法一、如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语含有be动词的某种形式（am/is/are/was/were），可同时省略从句的主语和be动词的某种形式。

1、when，while引导的时间状语从句e.g. Do be careful when (you are) crossing the street.When/While (I was) on my way to work, I met her.2、if，unless，once引导的条件状语从句e.g. If (it is) properly treated, waste will do no harm to the environment.I’ll not go to the party unless (I am) invited.Once (you are) caught stealing in a supermarket, you will be punished.3、though，although，whether，no matter whether/what/how/who等引导的让步状语从句e.g. He was happy, though/although (he was) poor.Whether (she is) sick or well, she is always cheerful.No matter how/However hard the task (is), we must fulfill it in time.（注：从句的主语和主句的主语不一致时，只省略从句中的be动词形式）4、as if，as though引导的方式状语从句e.g. He rubbed his eyes and yawned as if/though (he was) waking up after along sleep.He stood up as if/though (he wanted) to leave.（as if/though + to do表示一个将来的动作）二、than，as引导的比较状语从句中的省略用法：当不同的主语进行比较时，一般省略从句中的谓语；当从句中的主语与谓语（be动词除外）和主句中的主语与谓语相同时，通常省略从句中的主语和谓语，只保留比较部分。

强调句③did用于对实义动词一般过去时肯定句的强调。

It is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)…句型的变式It is (was) + 被强调部分+that(who)…句式基本特征：Is/ Was it +被强调部分+that…；或情态动词+it+ be+被强调部分+ that…①Was it in 1969 ________ the American astronautssucceeded _______ landing on the moon ?A. when; onB. that; onC. when; inD.that; in②Could it be in the restaurant in ______ you haddinner with me yesterday ______ you lost yourhandbag?A. that; whichB. which; thatC. where; thatD. that; where特殊疑问句形式句式基本特征：特殊疑问词+is/was it that…？或特殊疑问词+情态动词+it+be++被强调部分+that…—_______is it _______has made Peter _______heis today?—Determination.A. What; that; thatB. That; that; whatC. What; what; thatD. What; that; what反意疑问句形式句式基本特征：It is/was+被强调部分+that…，isn’t/ wasn’t it？It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old manto the hospital, ______?A. do theyB. didn’t theyC. wasn’t itD.was it强调句与其它句型的结合与名词从句的结合句式特征为：整个强调句型用作名词性从句或者在强调句型中含有名词性从句。

省略讲解省略知识体系图1.简单句中的省略2.并列句中的省略3.复合句中的省略4.不定式的省略5.虚拟语气的省略省略概念：为了避免重复，或为了修饰上的需要，省略句中的一个或几个成分。

一、简单句中的省略(1)人称或谓语的省略eg: How is your mother today?(She is) Much better.eg: ( Will you) Have a smoke?No . Thankseg: (Is there) Anything else to say?(2)感叹句的省略how beautiful (it is) !(3)介词的省略在waste/spend/have trouble/difficulty 等后跟时，常省略介词in,在prevent, stop 等后常省略from.Don't waste time (in)mourning.Ways must be found to stop them (from) polluting our environment二、并列句中的省略在不影响句意的情况下，并列句中后边分句与前边分句相同的词语都可以省略。

She was poor but (she was) honest.John must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework.三、复合句中的省略(1)主句中的省略。

常见于句首或回答问题时，只用从句。

Why are you late?（I'm late）. Because my watch doesn't work（2）从句中的省略。

①定语从句:可以省略作宾语的关系代词that，which，who或whom。

eg: Please show me the cost (that) you brought yesterday.②状语从句✸在时间，地点，条件，方式，或让步状语从句中，如果主句，从句主语一致，或从句主语是it时，从句谓语是be 动词。

高三英语高三复习：Unit 14北师大版【本讲教育信息】一、教学内容：Unit 14（一）Vocabulary.1. reward n. 奖赏It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to rewards.as a reward forin reward (for)比较： reward, prize, award, bonusThe money was a poor reward for all my work.First prize was a weekend for two in Paris.He won the second award.She is expecting a Christmas bonus to buy a coat.2. aid n. 援助，帮助first aidcall in sb.’s aidcome to one’s aidwith the aid of比较：aid , help, assistThey aided the flooded victims.Please help me arrange the papers.My assistant will assist you to sign the paper.3. charge v. 要价，控告 n. 费用，管理，控告Lawyers charge higher fee than doctors.charge … forcharge sb withcharge oneself withat one’s own chargetake charge ofin charge ofin the charge ofunder the charge of4. consult v. 请教，查询，参考consult with sb about sth.consult sb about sthconsult …for…5. quarrel v. & n. 争吵，吵架quarrel with sb about sthhave a quarrel with sb about sth.6. make up 编造，组成，弥补The whole story was made up.make outmake good use ofmake suremake for 向……走 He made for the door without one word.有利于Cultural exchange makes for a better understanding between the two countries.make one’s waymake from / of 由……做成make into 做成m ake fun of 取笑7. appointment n. 约会make / have an appointment withkeep an appointmentbreak an appointment比较：appointment, dateI made an appointment to see the doctor.I have a date with Jack.8. surrounding adj. 附近的，周围的 n. 周围的事物，环境Foxes started to come in from the surrounding countryside.He didn’t pay much attention to his surroundings.比较：surrounding, environmentThe students grew up in beautiful surroundings but not in a harmony home environment.9. turn over 翻转，打翻He turned the card over and read the words on it.The little boy turned the stone over to look for ants.turn sb over toturn sth over to sbturn sth over in one’s mindHe turned ____an hour late for the meeting.The dog suddenly turned ____ me and bit me.She turned ____ the job offer because she wanted moreI turned ____ the light and sat down.She turned ____ the light before she left.turn toturn out10. grasp v. 领会，理解，抓住I can’t grasp your meaning.The little girl grasped her mother’s arm because of horror.grasp atgrasp a chance to do sth11. inspect v. 仔细检查，检阅，视察inspect …for…They inspect the roof for leaks.Health Department officials came to inspect the factory.比较：inspect, examineThey inspect the work of the company.The doctor examined the patient carefully.12. pay off 得到好结果，取得成功，还清The workers are paid off on the last day before the holiday.It took them many years to pay off the debt.All his hard work pays off at last.pay forpay back13. commit v. 投入，犯（罪），犯错误commit …to sth/ doing sthcommit to sb /sthcommit oneself to14. hesitate v. 犹豫，踌躇hesitate at/ about/ overhesitate to do15. keep up with 跟上，保持联系They walked so fast that I couldn’t keep up with them.She is keeping up with her friends though she has moved to another city. catch up withcome up withbring up withteam up withput up withjoin up with16. decrease v. 减少，降低The number of the children in the school has decreased this year.They want to decrease the number of working hours .Please decrease the number to 1000.The number of students in the school is on the decrease.比较：decrease , reduceOur sales are decreasing.He reduced the money that they could spend.17. envy v. / n. 羡慕，妒忌He has always envied my success.out of envywith envythe envy of sb比较：envy, admireI envy his talent.I admire him for his courage.18. bother v. 打扰，烦扰Will it bother you if I turn on the TV?bother to do / doing sthbother about doing sth比较：bother, disturb, annoy, troubleI can’t bother him with my little affairs.They were charged with disturbing the public peace.Can I trouble you to open the window?The flies are annoying me.19. panic v/ n. 恐慌，惊慌He panicked and ran as fast as possible.panic sb into doing sthbe in a paniccause/ start a panic20 distinguish v. 区别，表现突出distinguish oneselfdistinguish …frombe distinguished bybe distinguished for21. due to 因为，由于His success is due to his hard working.She has been absent from school due to illness.（二）Sentences.It’s not about making men more like women, but helping men to communicate as well.1. not …but…不是，而是It is not you but I that am to blame.Not what you have said but what you have done matters.but 的用法很灵活，我们常会见到but表示“除了”的用法。

2010高考二轮复习英语教案专题十四强调句、省略句、插入语【专题要点】强调句、省略句、插入语要点概览：1.强调句型“It is/was----that----”的用法。

强调句型的特殊疑问句；2.it强调句型与定语从句、状语从句的区别；3.动词不定式的省略；4.状语从句中的省略，“连词+分词”的省略现象；5.常用插入语：by the way 顺便说，顺便问一下；so far 到目前为止；and so on 等等；on the contrary 相反；no wonder 不足为奇；as a matter of fact 事实上；come along 快点，来吧；in other words 换句话说；as usual 如同以往；as a result 因此，结果。

【考纲要求】按照考纲要求，考生应能够恰当地使用词语和强调句式对表达的内容进行强调，近几年的高考试题主要考查考生对谓语动词的强调的理解和强调句型的灵活使用，考查复合句中的强调句式；按照考试大纲的要求，考生应掌握英语省略的一些基本原则，在行文中正确地使用省略；而近几年的高考试题主要考查定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句、简单句中和交际语境中的省略；按照考纲要求依据不同语境能正确使用插入语，分析近几年的高考题多以考查短语的形式，在交际用语中或句中进行辨析。

【教法指引】仔细研究近年高考题，我们不难发现强调句、省略句、插入语倍受出题者的青睐。

在近五年的高考试卷中强调句、省略句已经成为高考热点。

命题者加大了对句子结构复杂程度和知识面的考查，同时注重考查知识之间的交叉和语法知识的力度。

这就要求教师在平时引导考生在复习和备考中注意总结，全面把握，深入研究。

具体说把握强调句以下四大考点：（1）考查强调句式的基本结构（2）考查含有“not…until…”句型的强调句式（3）考查强调句式的疑问句（4）考查强调句式的正确判断1. 状语从句中的省略。

当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，或从句的主语是it，且有系动词be的任何形式时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be。

高考英语语法必考考点（14）特殊句型（含解析）预览说明:预览图片所展示的格式为文档的源格式展示,下载源文件没有水印,内容可编辑和复制2019年高考英语语法必考考点（14）：特殊句型含解析李仕才【考点解读】一、倒装“倒装句”从结构上看有完全倒装和部分倒装两种。

谓语动词全部位于主语之前的称作完全倒装；只将谓语的一部分(通常是助动词或情态动词)放在主语之前的称作部分倒装。

从实际使用看，倒装有两种功能作用：一是出于语法要求的语法倒装；二是出于修辞或强调需要的修辞倒装。

(一)完全倒装1. 表示方式或方位的副词与介词短语等置于句首时。

常见的有：there, here, in, out, away, up, down, from, off, back, over, then, now, so, thus, in the room, on the wall 等。

There exist different opinions on this question.Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.*当主语为代词时主谓不倒装。

试比较：Out rushed the children.Out they rushed.2. such置于句首时。

Such are the facts, and no one can deny them.3. 表语置于句首时。

Gone are the days when my heart was young and happy.(二)部分倒装1. 当only放在句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句。

Only by shouting at the top of his voice was he able to make himself heard.*only后面接句子主语时，不需要用倒装句式。

Only with the greatest of luck did she manage to escape from the rising flood waters.(2012·上海高考)2. 否定副词或词组not, nor, never, hardly, rarely, few, seldom, little, neither, by no means, at no time, under no circumstances, in no way, at no time置于句首时。

特殊句式在写作中的运用之强调句、省略句、全部倒装写作是需要刻意练习的。

想要在这个占全卷总分近17%（旧高考）或27%（新高考）的大题型上有所突破，除了做到“紧扣主题，基本覆盖所有要点，多数句子基本正确，基本达到预期写作目的”之外，还需要“语法结构多样，词汇丰富，句型句式精彩”。

事实上在能写对句子的前提下，恰当适量运用高级词汇和多样化的句式表达，那么达到优秀还是大有可为的。

特殊句式之强调句在写作中的运用：句式：It is / was + 被强调部分（主语、宾语或状语）+ that + 其他强调句微写作练习：1.正是王老师挖掘出了我最好的一面。

（人物介绍话题写作；感谢信）2.我们谴责的正是这些不文明行为。

（倡议书）3.正是参观了这个展览，我才意识到垃圾分类的重要性。

（环保话题写作）4.就是在你的帮助下，我的英语口语才取得了极大的进步。

（感谢信）5.我就是在哈尔滨学会了滑雪。

（记叙文）6.就是这样做，我们才能减少环境污染。

（倡议书；建议信）强调句微写作参考答案：1.It was Miss Wang that/who brought my best out.2.It is these bad behaviors that we are supposed to blame.3.It was not until I saw the exhibition that I realized the importance of garbage classification.4.It was because you helped me that I made great progress in oral English. [= It was with your help that I ....]5.It was in Harbin that I learned skiing.6.It is in this way that we can reduce environmental pollution. [= It is by doing like this that we can ....]省略句微写作练习：1.2022冬奥会如期在北京召开了。

高考英语一轮复习语法点专题讲解省略在英语中，为了幸免重复，句子中的某些部分经常省略，给同学的明白得增加了困难。

现对省略现象总结如下:一、并列复合句中某些相同成分的省略。

1. This beeper works well，but that one doesn’t (work well).那个寻呼机工作正常，但那个就不行。

2. All uranium atoms do not have the same atomic weight. Some of them weigh 234 units，some (of them)(weigh) 235 units，and some (of them) (weigh) 238 units.所有的铀原子并非都有相同的原子量。

其中有的重234，有的重235，而有的重238。

二、在when，while，if，as if，though(或although)，as，until，once，whether，unless，where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。

1. When (water is) pure，water is a colorless liquid. 水纯洁时，是无色的液体。

2. When (I am) in trouble I always turn to her for help. 我困难时总是找她关心。

3. Errors，if any，should be corrected. 假如有什么错误，就应当改正。

(if后省略了there are)4. Wood gives much smoke while (wood is) burning. 木头燃烧时，它放出专门多烟。

5. The letter is to be left here until (it is) called for. 这封信留在那个地点待领。

6. Henry looked about as if (he were) in search of something. 亨利向四周环视，看起来在查找什么。

word英语中固定的省略结构1. 在以if, when, though, as if等连词引导的状语从句中，如果从句中的谓语动词是be，且主从句主语一致或从句主语是it时，常将从句中的主语和动词be 省略。

如：If necessary, we shall go home at once.Whenever possible, Fang Lei will come to my help.While cycling, don’t forget the traffic lights.2. 固定用法。

如：What about having a game of chess?How come they left you alone here?What if it’s raining next Monday? Can the match be put off?Why not try again? You’ll make it.3. 在口语中，为了防止重复，不定式可以省去和前面重复的动词原形而只保存不定式符号to，但假设不定式为to be时，动词be需保存。

如：He may leave if he wishes to. 〔to后省略了leave〕Don’t go till I tell you to. 〔to后省略了go〕My aunt is as beautiful as she used to be. 〔保存be，后面省略了beautiful〕4. 被省略的局部一般可以在句子中补上，但有时省略结构已经定型，如果把省略局部补上，反而不符合习惯。

如：He is taller than I am.〔am之后省略tall，补上不合习惯〕No parking.〔告示用语= No parking is allowed here.〕- 1 - / 1。

高中语法小窍门强调句的省略与替代高中语法小窍门：强调句的省略与替代高中语法学习对学生来说是一项重要的任务，其中，强调句是一个常见的语法现象。

在写作和阅读中，使用强调句可以突出某个信息，使句子更加生动有力。

本文将介绍一些高中语法小窍门，帮助学生更好地理解和运用强调句的省略与替代。

一、省略省略是指在强调句中省略部分内容，从而使句子简洁明了。

我们可以通过以下几种情况来实现强调句的省略。

1. 省略be动词在强调句中，我们可以省略be动词，而直接使用形容词、副词、名词或动词过去分词来强调某一事物或状态。

例如：(1) He is a good student. → A good student he is.(2) It is important to study hard. → Important to study hard it is.2. 省略助动词在一些情况下，我们也可以省略强调句中的助动词。

例如：(1) I did invite her to the party. → Did invite her to the party I.(2) They will finish the pro ject on time. → Will finish the project on time they.3. 省略疑问词当强调句中的疑问词被其他成分代替时，可以省略疑问词。

例如：(1) Where did you leave your keys? → Left your keys where?(2) What did she say to you? → Said to you what?二、替代替代是指在强调句中使用其他词语或短语来代替所要强调的内容，以增加句子的表达效果。

1. 用副词替代形容词在强调句中，我们可以用副词替代形容词，使句子更加生动。

例如：(1) He is incredibly generous. → Incredibly, he is generous.(2) She is truly talented. → Truly, she is talented.2. 用名词替代动词有时候，我们可以用名词替代动词，以达到强调的效果。

北师大版2020高考英语一轮复习写作讲义【句式营造亮点14法】扮亮句式(一) 作文若不劣——学会“越来越”在英语写作中，我们见证了太多的“越”。

你是否会因岁月的流逝，知识的沉淀而对这些迷人的“越”驾轻就熟了呢？先看以下例句：A growing number of students are faced with a bigger and bigger ly, with the College Entrance Examination approaching, they grow more and more nervous and anxious.To their despair, however, the more nervous and anxious they are, the less progress they make.上面语段可译为：越来越多的学生正面临着一个越来越大的问题。

随着高考临近，他们变得越来越紧张、焦躁。

然而，让他们绝望的是，他们越紧张、焦躁，他们取得的进步就越小。

句中出现了三处“越来越……”和一处“越……，就越……”，充分体现出了那些“越……”的无上妙用，让人读后回味无穷。

1．说到“越来越……”，大家的脑海里很快就会浮现出这样的模式：比较级＋比较级。

若修饰名词或是双音节和多音节的形容词或副词，我们常用more and more/less and less＋adj./adv./n.。

It comes as no surprise that customers are more and more demanding towards products and service.不可否认，顾客对产品和服务质量的要求越来越高。

2．若使用growingly/increasingly来替代more and more，用decreasingly来替代less and less，则更显过人之处。

强调强调句的基本句型是“It is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋其他部分”。

被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等。

强调句型的使用特点主要有以下几个方面：(1)被强调的是状语或状语从句时，要用that引导从句，而不能用which，而且通常不能省略。

It was in the park that I met him.我是在公园里遇到他的。

It was in 1964 that the first telephone satellite was set up by the Group of 17 Countries.17国集团发射第一颗电话卫星是在1964年。

(2)被强调的是人时，引导词可用who，也可用that。

Was it you that/who let out the secret to her?是你把这个秘密泄露给她的吗？注意：当被强调的是主语时，代词要用主格形式。

It was I who put forward the theory first.是我最先提出这个理论的。

(3)被强调的不管是单数还是复数名词，主句的be动词都用单数is或was。

It was Madame Curie and her husband who discovered radium.是居里夫人和她的丈夫发现了镭。

It is the PLA men who/that are safeguarding our country day and night.是解放军战士日夜保卫着我们的祖国。

(4)对not...until时间状语从句进行强调时，其句型是：It is/was not until...that从句，即not和until在强调句中总是紧挨着的。

注意习惯上不用not till，而且从句不能用when引导。

It was not until the last operation was finished that Bethune left the battle hospital.直到做完最后一个手术白求恩才离开战地医院。