内燃机英语KLM开头的英文术语

轮机工程、内燃机专业英语词汇表Lesson 1marine 海运的，船用的diesel 柴油，柴油机internal 内部的combustion 燃烧 ignite 点燃 inject 喷射 chamber 腔，室 principle 原理，原则 operation 工作，操作，运转，进程charge 装，充；充填物fresh新鲜的，淡(水)的draw 抽吸cylinder 气缸compression 压缩piston 活塞fine 细小的，好的spray 喷雾，(水，油)雾burn 燃烧rotate 旋转，回转 medium 中间的，介质 alternator 交流发电机 in turn 依次，轮流变成 turn into 变成 event 事件，过程 stroke 冲程，行程separate (from) 分离，分开exhaust 排出，耗尽；排气combine (with) 结合，联合 inlet 进口，入口 scavenge 扫除；吹除blow 吹，鼓风residual 剩余的，残留的value 价值，数值injector 喷射器，喷油器 continue 继续(进行) revolution 转 theoretically 理论上地inefficient 效率低的，无效的advantage 优势，优点，长处 application 应用 propulsion 推进(装置) cause 引起；原因 force 迫使 crankshaft 曲铀propeller 螺旋桨，推进器 cycle 循环 consist (of) 由……组成fix 固定sequence 顺序，系列bottom dead centre (BDC) 下止点 top dead centre (TDC) 上止点 on board ship 在船上 r/min 转／分 reduction gear box 减速齿轮箱Lesson 2construction 结构 bedplate 机座 frame 机架 weld 焊接bolt 螺栓；用螺栓固定 seating 座，底座 liner (气缸)衬套 extend 延长，伸长 slot 槽，缝；开槽 opening 开口 height 高度 secure 固定 transverse 横向的chock 侧块，楔型块longitudinal 纵向的test 放置，坐落bearing 轴承cross 十字的，交叉的； stud 双头螺栓 cap 盖，帽 thrust 推，推力 block 块，体locate 位于，查出，找出integral 整体的flat 平的surface 表面mount 安装section 段，表面camshaft 凸轮轴enclose 包围，封闭casing 箱，外壳jacket 夹层，水套vertical 垂直的flange 法兰，翻边foremost 最前的expose 易露，露出edge 边缘drill 钻孔rotary 旋转的guide 导板，导向器，导向，引导insert 插入groove 槽，沟turn 车削，转动conical 锥形的screw 螺钉；用螺钉固定，拧入indicator 示功器cock 旋塞double 双层的cast iron 铸铁chain transmission 链条传动(机构) chromium 镀铬machine-turned 车削的，车制的approx 大约heat-resistant 耐热的Lesson 3recess 凹槽，凹座，凹入处 dowel 销钉pin 销子caulk 敛(铆)缝，嵌塞topmost 最上部narrow 狭窄的 diagonal 对角的，斜的overlap 重叠，搭接joint 接合，接头distributor 分配器slightly 轻微地round 圆的，使成圆形film (油)膜period 期间opposite 在……对面，与……相对 diameter 直径annular 环形的ensure 保证，担保assembly 组件，组装component 部件journal 轴颈shoe 滑靴，滑块horizontally 水平地adequate 足够的，充分的admit 允许进入，导入duct 管道scraper 刮子，刮油器shim 垫片，调整片thickness 厚度adjustment 调整，调节clearance 间隙appropriate 适当的channel 通道crankpin 曲柄销forge 锻造shrink 红套displace 错位，变位carrier ring 承磨环build-in 内装的，机内的，固定 top-bolt 锥体螺栓white metal 白合金telescope pipe 伸缩管，拉管fitted bolt 拂配螺栓Lesson 4survive 存在，生存strength 强度specific 明确的，详细而精确的 reject to 丢弃，排向…atmosphere 大气entrain 以气泡状态存在volume 量minimise 将……减到最少cavitation 气穴，气蚀proportion 比例，部分hopper 带支架的观察(镜，表) tundish 漏斗visual 看的，视觉的trumpet 喇叭nozzle 管口，喷嘴corrosion 腐蚀，锈overboard 向舷外merely 仅仅，只不过contact with 与……接触Lesson5maintenance 维护，保养select 选择among 在……之中affect 影响viscosity 粘度cetane 十六烷calorific 热(量)的，发热 sulphur 硫residue 残渣，残留物formation 形成product 产品，产物flash 闪光；闪亮gravity 重力content 内容，合量impurity 杂质depend 取决于，依靠residual 残余的available 可利用的，可获得的embody 包括(合)有，使具体化entirely 完全地，完整地 bunker 燃料舱distribute 分配various 各式各样的，多种多样 lag 包绕外层防护套 bunk 油舱duplex 双联的，双倍的 strainer 粗滤器remainder 储存storage 剩余，余额sediment 沉淀物buffer 缓冲器，贮存装置 spill 溢流regular 调节器climatic 气候的permit 允许meter 计量mechanism 机械机构plunger 柱塞barrel 桶，套桶sufficiently 充分地，足够地 atomize 将……喷成雾状 complexity 复杂，复杂性deposit 沉积物specification 规格，说明vanadium 钒sodium 钠asphaltene 沥青(烯)，沥育质precipitate 使沉淀，沉淀物aluminum 铝abrasive 有磨蚀的particle 颗粒silicon 硅oxide 氧化物nozzle 喷嘴catalytic 催化的clover 三叶草、苜蓿Lesson 6viscosity 粘度composition 组成storage 存储insoluble 不溶解的 impurity 杂质asphalt 沥青miscible 易混合的 filtration 过滤purifier 分水机 clarifier 分杂机conical 圆锥形的 periphery 外围，用边 perforate 穿(钻，冲)孔cylindrical 圆柱形的 bowl 分离筒ancillary 辅助的centrifuge 离心分离机 accumulation 积聚consume 消耗agitation 搅动circumstance 环境，详情Lesson 7process 过程removal 排除blow 鼓风supercharge 增压atmosphere 大气的pressurize 增压，加压 electrically 电动地blower 鼓风机，增压器 density 密度turbine 涡轮机 compressor 压缩机essential 基本的，重要的adequate 适当的，充分的arrangement 布置，安排 escape 逃逸，溢出 differential 差别的，不同的 swirl 使……旋涡运动 adjacent 邻近的，接近的Lesson8 successful 成功的 involve 涉及formation 形成considerable 相当的，大量的 exception 例外cleanse 清洗 carbonaceous 炭的detritus 磨屑commercially 商业上reversal 反向，变换lubricator 注油器 injector 注油塞 quill 注油针 impinge 射到expose 暴露 residual 残渣lacquer 胶膜interface 影响，干扰 counteract 克服undesirable 不需要的formulate 配制impart 给予alkalinity 碱度，碱性 detergency 去垢能力property 性质feature 特性，特点 friction 摩擦assist 帮助，协助 rupture 破裂deterioration 变质，恶化filter 滤器centrifuge 离心分离机telescope pipe 伸缩套管，拉管Lesson9reservoir 容器(文中指空气瓶) ready 准备好的immediate 立即的drop 下跌，下落by means of 利用，用…方法 compressor 压缩机feature 功(能)，部件drainage 排放，排泄facility 设备stringent 严厉的，严格的interlock 连锁prevent 防止automatic 自动的pilot 引导的，控制的，先导的 lever 杆direct 直接的engage 啮合，从事further 进一步地deposit 沉积物，沉淀explosion 爆炸pipeline 管路，管系 occurrence 发生，事物 properly 适当地careful 谨慎的，小心的 attempt 企图；试图 effect 作用，影响，效果 trap 挡板，收集器 burst 爆发，冲破 disc 盘isolate 隔绝，绝缘 fusible 易熔的plug 塞，堵melt 熔化，融化guard 防护，防卫，护罩possibility 可能性bursting cap 防爆帽Lesson 10instruction 指示，指令 sludge 渣，沉积物 purify 净化auxiliary 辅助的；辅助机械 operational (能)运行的，(可)操作的extend 延长，扩展approximately 接近，大约obstruction 阻塞，妨碍，障碍物 uniformly 均匀地，一致地 viscosity 粘度hopper (观察)窗(漏斗) erosion 浸蚀，剥蚀，烧蚀 centistoke 厘斯(运动粘度单位) diaphragm 隔膜，振动膜gland 密封(压盖) linkage 连接telegraph 车钟booster 增压泵Lesson 11remedy 排除(方法)，补救(措施) stick 粘住，卡住failure 失败，失灵delay 延迟，滞后watch 观察common 普通的，普遍的 result 由……引起，产生 diagram 图unequal 不相等的locate 找出，定位slacken 放松，减缓trace 查找，寻找responsibility 责任on the part of 在……方面Lesson 12medium 中等的，中间的currently 当前地，现在地，流行地rotational 转动的，旋转的 entirely 完全地trunk 筒形的，箱形的 rationalization 合理化layout 布置，设计 configuration 结构，布置alternatively 或者，另一个办法 twin 双的，对的 bank 排，列，组enclose 围起，围绕 column 架rigid 刚硬的，坚固的 sloping 倾斜的access 通道invariably 总是，不变地 solid 完整的，坚固的 multi-throw 多拐的robust 坚固的，结实的 develop 增进，扩大 imposing 施加的alignment 对中，成直线 exception 例外withdraw 放出waterjacket 冷却水套 aperture 孔，洞interpose 放入，插入 thickness 厚度ratio 比率(值) cylindrical 圆柱型的bore 孔tiny 细小的promote 促进，提高sacrifice 牺牲，供奉retain 保持，保留porous 多孔的，能渗透的 in line 成行，直列 fixed centre type 固定中心式 marine type 船用型，中心可调式Lesson13bowl 盆，钵，盘toroidal 环形空腔，环形突起 rim 边缘，曲起accommodate 容纳splash 飞溅conduct 传导region 区域precisely 精确地，正确地 alloy 合金 boss 活塞销座孔endwise 在端部circlip 卡簧tin 锡flash 飞边indium 铟nip 压隙equivalent 相等量bridge 轴承盖accuracy 精度circular 圆形的tighten 上紧assist 援助，帮助 expel 驱逐，驱赶thermal 热的recondition 修理，使复原 frequent 频繁的accomplish 完成rocket 摇，臀杆tappet 挺杆，凸子，顶头 prop 支撑，维持 allowance 允许，裕量 appropriate 适当的Lesson 14extensive 广阔的，广泛的overhaul 彻底检修，大修，解松(船)的绳索，essential 必要的，基本的 external 外部的 prudent 谨慎的 cut off 切断，断开 graduation 分度，刻度 reasonable 合理的，有益的tolerance 容许量 pyrometer 高温计 register 记录，登记 ancillary 辅助的 symptom 症状，征兆 accompany 陪伴，结伴Lesson 15displacement 位移，排水量centrifugal 离心的rotary 旋转的reciprocating 往复的volute 涡形(的)，涡壳turbine 涡轮，涡轮机regenerative 再生的 periphery 外围，周边 mesh 啮合 helical 螺旋状的 void 空的，空旷的 slot 槽elliptical 椭圆的 swash 遮蔽，隐藏 tangential 无关的 moderate 中等的，适度的 attain 达到，获得Lesson 16boiler 锅炉distinct 截然不同的 furnace 炉子，炉膛 bent 弯的drum 鼓，锅筒 header 联箱 generate 产生 downcomer 下降管natural 自然的 donkey 辅助的 installation 装置steam ship 蒸汽机船 motorship 内燃机船 composite 混合的，复合的 mounting 附件fitting 附件，配件 overpressure 超压presence 在场，出席 initially 初始地 purge 吹除，驱气 vapour 蒸汽 burner 燃烧器，喷灯 sample 样品 analysis 分析scum 泡沫，浮渣soot blower 吹灰器draught 强行通风superheater 过热器gradual 逐渐的refractory 耐火的ease 释放recovery 回收，再生saturated 饱和的emulsion 乳化液，混合液exceed 超过extraction 提取物，提出物economizer 省油(煤)器，节能器combustible 可燃的secure 封闭，关紧 depressurize 减压liberate 释放funnel 烟囱intermediate port 中途港。

发动机常用英语汇总发动机engine内燃机internal-combusiton engine动力机装置power unit汽油机gasoline engine汽油喷射式汽油机gasoline-injection engine火花点火式发动机spark ignition engine压燃式发动机compression ignition engine往复式内燃机reciprocating internal combustion engine 化油器式发动机carburetor engine柴油机diesel engine转子发动机rotary engine旋轮线转子发动机rotary trochoidal engine二冲程发动机two-stroke engine四冲程发动机four-stroke engine直接喷射式柴油机direct injection engine间接喷射式柴油机indirect injection engine增压式发动机supercharged engine风冷式发动机air-cooled engine油冷式发动机oil-cooled engine水冷式发动机water-cooled engine自然进气式发动机naturally aspirated engine煤气机gas engine液化石油气发动机liquified petroleum gas engine 柴油煤气机diesel gas engine多种燃料发动机multifuel engine石油发动机hydrocarbon engine双燃料发动机duel fuel engine热球式发动机hot bulb engine多气缸发动机multiple cylinder engine对置活塞发动机opposed piston engine对置气缸式发动机opposed-cylinder engine十字头型发动机cross head engine直列式发动机in-line engine星型发动机radial engine筒状活塞发动机trunk-piston engine斯特林发动机stirling engine套阀式发动机knight engine气孔扫气式发动机port-scavenged engine倾斜式发动机slant engine前置式发动机front-engine后置式发动机rear-engine中置式发动机central engine左侧发动机left-hand engine右侧发动机right-hand engine短冲程发动机oversquare engine长冲程发动机undersquare engine等径程发动机square engine顶置凸轮轴发动机overhead camshaft engine双顶置凸轮轴发动机dual overhead camshaft engine V 形发动机V-engine顶置气门发动机valve in-head engine侧置气门发动机side valve engine无气门发动机valveless engine多气门发动机multi-valve engine卧式发动机horizontal engine斜置式发动机inclined engine立式发动机vertical engineW 形发动机w-engineI 形发动机I-engineL 形发动机L-engineF 形发动机F-engine性能performance二冲程循环two-stroke cycle四冲程循环four-stroke cycle狄塞尔循环diesel cycle奥托循环otto cycle混合循环mixed cycle定容循环constant volume cycle工作循环working cycle等压循环constant pressure cycle理想循环ideal cycle热力循环thermodynamic cycle冲程stroke活塞行程piston stroke长行程long stroke上行程up stroke下行程down stroke进气行程intake stroke充气行程charging stroke压缩行程compression stroke爆炸行程explosion stroke膨胀行程expansion stroke动力行程power stroke排气行程exhaust stroke膨胀换气行程expansion-exchange stroke 换气压缩行程exchange-compression stroke 止点dead center上止点top dead center (upper dead center)下止点lower dead center (bottom dead center) 上止点前budc (before upper dead center)上止点后atdc (after top dead cetner)下止点前bbdc (before bottom dead center)下止点后abdc (after bottom dead center)缸径cylinder bore缸径与行程bore and stroke空气室energy chamber气缸余隙容积cylinder clearance volume燃烧室容积combustion chamber volume气缸最大容积maximum cylinder volume压缩室compression chamber排气量displacement发动机排量engine displacement活塞排量piston swept volume气缸容量cylinder capacity单室容量single-chamber capacity容积法volumetry压缩比compression ratio临界压缩比critical compression ratio膨胀比expansion ratio面容比surface to volume ratio行程缸径比stroke-bore ratio混合比mixture ratio压缩压力compression pressure制动平均有效压力brake mean effective pressure (bmep) 空燃比air fuel ratio燃空比fuel air ratio燃料当量比fuel equivalence ratio扭矩torque单缸功率power per cylinder升功率power per liter升扭矩torque per liter升质量mass per liter减额功率derating power输出马力shaft horsepower马力小时，马力时horsepower-hour总马力gross horse power总功率gross power净功率net power燃油消耗量fuel consumption比燃料消耗率specific fuel consumption空气消耗率air consumption机油消耗量oil consumption有效马力net horse power额定马力rated horse power马力重量系数horsepower-weight factor制动功率brake horse power制动热效率brake thermal efficiency总效率overall efficiency排烟极限功率smoke limiting horsepower功率曲线power curve机械损失mechanical loss机械效率mechanical efficiency有效热效率effective thermal efficiency充气系数volumetric efficiency过量空气系数coefficient of excess air适应性系数adaptive coefficient扭矩适应性系数coefficient of torque adaptibility 转速适应性系数speed adaptive coefficient强化系数coefficient of intensification校正系数correction factor换算系数conversion factor活塞平均速度mean piston speed发动机转速engine speed (rotational frequency)怠速转速idling speed经济转速economic speed起动转速starting speed最低稳定工作转速lowest continuous speed with load 最大扭矩转速speed at maximum torque最高空转转速maximum no load governed speed调速speed governing超速overspeed怠速idling转速波动率speed fluctuation rate工况working condition (operating mode)额定工况declared working condition变工况variable working condition稳定工况steady working condition空载no-load全负荷full load超负荷overload部分负荷part load充量（进气）charge旋转方向direction of rotation顺时针clockwise逆时针counter-clockwise左转left-hand rotation右转right-hand rotation外径major diameter中径pitch diameter内径minor diameter径向间隙radial clearance发动机性能engine performance加载性能loading performance起动性能starting performance加速性能acceleration performance动力性能power performance排放性能emission performance空转特性no load characteristics负荷特性part throttle characteristics调速特性governor control characteristics万有特性mapping characteristics稳定调速率steady state speed governing rate 气缸体和气缸盖cylinder block and head气缸体cylinder block整体铸造cast inblock (cast enblock)发动机罩engine bonnet气缸体加强筋engine block stiffening rib气缸cylinder（转子机）缸体stator缸径cylinder bore气缸体机架cylinder block frame气缸盖cylinder head配气机构箱valve mechanism casing气缸体隔片cylinder spacer气缸盖密封环cylinder head ring gasket 气缸盖垫片cylinder head gasket气缸套cylinder liner (cylinder sleeve) 干式缸套dry cylinder liner湿式缸套wet cylinder liner气缸水套water jacket膨胀塞expansion plug防冻塞freeze plug气缸壁cylinder wall环脊ring ridge排气口exhaust port中间隔板intermediate bottum导板guideway创成半径（转子机）generating radius 缸体宽度（转子机）operating width机柱column燃烧室combustion chamber主燃烧室main combustion chamber副燃烧室subsidiary combustion chamber预燃室prechamber涡流燃烧室` swirl combustion chamber分开式燃烧室divided combustion chamber涡流式燃烧室turbulence combustion chamber半球形燃烧室hemispherical combustion chamber浴盆形燃烧室bathtub section combustion chamber L形燃烧室L-combustion chamber楔形燃烧室wedge-section combustion chamber开式燃烧室open combustion chamber封闭喷射室closed spray chamber活塞顶内燃烧室piston chamber爆发室explosion chamber燃烧室容积比volume ratio of combustion cahmber燃烧室口径比surface-volume ratio of combustion chamber 通道面积比area ratio of combustion chamber passage曲轴箱通气口crankcase breather凸轮轴轴承座camshaft bearing bush seat定时齿轮室罩camshaft drive (gear) cover曲轴箱检查孔盖crankcase door曲轴箱防爆门crankcase explosion proof door主轴承盖main bearing cap气缸盖罩valve mechanism cover飞轮壳flywheel cover扫气储器scavenging air receiver活塞piston裙部开槽活塞split skirt piston U形槽活塞U-slot piston滚花修复活塞knurled piston圆顶活塞dome head piston平顶活塞flat head piston凸顶活塞crown head piston (convex head piston) 凹顶活塞concave head piston阶梯顶活塞step-head piston筒形活塞trunk piston椭圆形活塞oval piston抗热变形活塞autothermic piston不变间隙活塞constant clearance piston镶因瓦钢片活塞invar strut piston直接冷却式活塞direct-cooled piston间接冷却式活塞indirect cooled piston滑裙活塞slipper piston活塞速度piston speed活塞顶部piston head活塞裙部piston skirt整体活塞裙solid skirt活塞裙扩大衬簧piston skirt expander 滑履式活塞裙slipper skirt隔热槽heat dam活塞标记piston mark活塞销piston pin活塞销孔piston pin boss活塞销衬套piston pin bushing全浮式活塞销full-floating piston pin 半浮式活塞销semifloating piston pin 固定螺钉式活塞销set screw piston pin 活塞环piston ring组合式活塞环compound piston ring 同心活塞环concentric piston ring偏心活塞环eccentric piston ring自由环free ring闭合环closed ring梯形环keystone ring半梯形环half keystone ring矩形环rectangular ring油环oil control ring开槽油环slotted oil control ring螺旋弹簧加载双坡口油环coil spring loaded slotted oil control ring 涨环expander双坡口油环double bevelled oil control ring内上坡口internal bevel top内下坡口internal bevel bottom边缘坡口油环bevelled-ege oil control ring刮油环scrapper ring钩形环napier ring镀铬活塞环chrome plated piston ring活塞衬环piston ring expander活塞环槽piston ring groove活塞环区ring zone活塞环岸piston ring land活塞环内表面back of ring曲柄连杆机构connecting rod中心曲柄连杆机构central-located connecting rod偏心曲柄连杆机构offset connecting rod铰接曲柄边杆机构hinged connecting rod连杆connecting rod连杆小头connecting rod small end连杆大头connnecting rod big end连杆杆身connecting rod shank副连杆slave connecting rod叉形连杆fork-and-blade connecting rod 主连杆main connecting rod方形连杆boxed rod绞链式连杆hinged type connecting rod 活节式连杆articulated connecting rod 连杆盖connecting rod cap连杆轴承connecting rod bearing曲轴crankshaft整体式曲轴one-piece crankshaft组合式曲轴assembled crankshaft右侧曲轴right-hand crankshaft左侧曲轴left-hand crankshaft改变行程的曲轴stroked crankshaft曲轴前端crankshaft front end曲轴主轴颈crankshaft main journal轴颈重叠度shaft journal overlap圆角fillet主轴承main bearing曲轴止推轴承crankshaft thrust bearing 薄臂轴瓦thin wall bearing shell曲轴油道crankshaft oil passage曲柄crank曲柄臂crank arm曲柄销crank pin轴套bush曲柄转角crank angle曲柄半径crank radius抛油圈oil slander角度轮degree wheel动平衡机dynamic balancer平衡重balancer weight扭振减振器torshional vibration damper 扭振平衡器torsion balancer谐振平衡器harmonic balancer振动平衡器vibration balancer曲轴链轮crankshaft sprocket转子轴颈rotor journal偏心轴eccentric shaft曲轴箱crankcase闭式曲轴箱通风装置closed-crankcase ventilating system 飞轮flywheel飞轮齿圈flywheel ring gear飞轮芯棒cantilever飞轮芯轴flywheel spindle飞轮的惯量矩flywheel moment of inertia飞轮标记flywheel mark当量系统equivalent system当量轴长equivalent shaft length一级往复惯性力reciprocating inertia force,1st order二级往复贯性力reciprocating inertia force, 2nd order离心惯性力centrifugal inertia force配气机构valve gear凸轮轴camshaft凸轮cam整体式凸轮轴one-piece camshaft组合式凸轮轴assembled camshaft凸轮轴驱动机构camshaft drive赛车用凸轮轴race camshaft凸轮轴轴颈camshaft bearing journal凸轮轴轴承camshaft bearing凸轮轴偏心轮camshaft eccentric凸轮轴链轮camshaft sprocket凸轮轴正时齿轮camshaft timing gear凸轮轴齿轮camshaft gear wheel进口凸轮inlet cam排气凸轮exhaust cam快升凸轮quick lift cam快升缓降凸轮quick lift gradual clsing cam 凸轮轮廓cam contour凸轮包角cam angle凸轮升程cam-lobe lift凸轮尖cam nose凸轮从动件cam follower齿轮传动机构gear drive正时齿轮timing gear链传动机构chain drive链轮sprocket wheel链轮盘chain sprocket正时链条timing chain带齿皮带toothed timing belt链条张紧轮chain tension gear半速齿轮half speed gear正时齿轮刻印记号timing gear punch mark气门valve进气过程intake process换气过程gas exchange process扫气过程scavenging process给气比delivery ratio分层充气stratified charge充量系数volumetric efficiency涡流比swirl rate进气涡流intake swirl螺旋进气道进气helical duct intake导流屏式气门进气masked valve intake切向进气道进气tangential duct intake进气紊流intake trubulence进气提前角intake advance angle进气持续角intake duration angle进气迟后角intake lag angle进面值time-area value气门升程valve lift气门正时valve timing扫气口面积scavenging port area菌形气门mashroom valve, poppet valve钠冷却气门sodium filled valve (natrium cooled valve)双气门dual valve进气门intake valve (suction valve,inlet valve) 排气门exhaust valve顶置气门overhead valve侧置气门side valve倾斜气门inclined overhead valve直立气门vertical overhead valve套筒式滑阀sleeve valve。

发动机相关英语词汇：Words related with engine:发动机engine汽油机gasoline engine火花点燃式发动机spark-ignition engine压燃式发动机compression-ignition engine 柴油机diesel engine内燃机internal combustion engine气缸cylinder气缸体cylinder block曲轴crankshaft底盘chassis传动系power train转向系steering system制动系braking system离合器clutch变速器gear box (transmission)手动变速器manual transmission自动变速器automatic transmission变矩器torque converter传动轴propeller shaft (drive shaft)主减速器final drive差速器differential gear驱动桥drive axle (transaxle)发动机前置后轮驱动(FR) front engine rear drive发动机前置前轮驱动(FF) front engine front drive发动机后置后轮驱动(RR) rear engine rear drive发动机中置后轮驱动(MR) middle engine rear drive全轮驱动(nWD)all wheel drive车架frame车轮wheel转向盘steering wheel转向器steering gearbox转向传动装置steering linkage悬架suspension减震器shock absorber钢板弹簧leaf spring螺旋弹簧coil spring扭力杆torsion bar斜交轮胎cross-ply tire子午线轮胎radial tire有内胎轮胎tube tire无内胎轮胎tubeless tire车身body制动器brake轮毂wheel hub制动蹄brake shoe鼓式制动器drum brake盘式制动器disc brake制动主缸master cylinder制动助力器brake booster行车制动service brake紧急制动emergency brake驻车制动park brake起动机starter交流发电机alternator上止点(TDC) top dead center下止点(BDC) bottom dead center活塞行程stroke汽缸直径bore排量swept volume, displacement 发动机排量engine capacity燃烧室容积clearance volume压缩比compression ratio进气行程intake stroke压缩行程compression stroke压缩比compression ratio做功行程working stroke排气行程exhaust stroke汽缸盖cylinder head汽缸体cylinder block油底壳oil sump (oil pan)活塞piston连杆connecting rod曲轴crankshaft飞轮flywheel进气门intake valve排气门exhaust valve燃烧室combustion chamber气缸盖罩head cover水泵water pump进气管intake manifold排气管exhaust manifold水套water jacket油道oil gallery汽缸套cylinder sleeve, cylinder liner高强度螺栓high-tensile steel stub曲轴箱crankcase活塞顶piston top (crown)活塞头部piston head活塞裙piston skirt开槽slot活塞环piston ring气环compression ring油环oil ring环槽groove活塞销piston pin (wrist pin )主轴承main bearing主轴颈main bearing journal连杆轴颈crank pin journal连杆轴瓦big end shell bearing连杆盖big end cap带轮pulley平衡重counter weight发火顺序firing order扭振减振器torsional vibration damper顶置气门(OHV) Over Head Valve顶置凸轮轴(OHC) Over Head Camshaft单顶置凸轮轴(SOHC) Single Over Head Camshaft 双顶置凸轮轴(DOHC) Dual Over Head Camshaft气门间隙valve clearance配气相位timing phase气门杆valve stem气门座valve seat气门导管valve guide气门弹簧valve spring挺柱tappet推杆push rod凸轮突起cam lobe摇臂rocker arm摇臂轴rocker shaft气门间隙valve clearance气门间隙调整valve clearance adjuster 测隙规feeler gauge螺丝刀screwdriver梅花双头扳手ring spanner油泵transfer pump (supply pump)喷油泵fuel injection pump高压油管high pressure fuel pipe发火性ignition property黏度viscosity凝点condensing point备燃期pri-combustion period速燃期rapid combustion period缓燃期slow combustion period燃烧室combustion chamber统一燃烧室united chamber球形燃烧室ball shape chamber涡流室turbulence chamber预燃室pri-combustion chamber喷油器injector精密偶件precise couple柱塞pump plunger柱塞套pump barrel出油阀delivery valve出油阀座delivery valve seat调速器governor两速调速器minimum-maximum governor全速调速器variable speed governor定速调速器fixed speed governor综合调速器combination governor气动调速器pneumatic governor机械离心式调速器mechanical centrifugal governor 飞块flyweight联轴节coupling粗滤清器primary filter细滤清器secondary filter涡轮增压器turbocharger中间冷却器intermediate cooler溢流管overflow line泄漏管leakage line溢流阀relief valve节温器thermostat防冻液anti-freezing liquid补偿水桶compensation reservoir百叶窗shutter大循环big circulation小循环small circulation散热翅片fins润滑剂lubricant压力润滑pressure lubrication飞溅润滑splash lubrication润滑脂grease机油压力传感器oil pressure sensor油封oil seal旁通阀bypass valve机油散热器oil cooler机油尺dip stick加机油口oil filler曲轴箱通风crankcase ventilation主油道main oil gallery金属滤网滤清器gauze screen filter全流式滤清系统full-flow filtering system分流式滤清系统divided-flow filtering system排气尾管tail pipe消音器muffler活性炭罐active charcoal canister三元催化器three-way catalytic converter 废气再循环exhaust-gas recirculation Assembly line组装线Layout布置图Conveyer流水线物料板Rivet table拉钉机Rivet gun拉钉枪Screw driver起子Electric screw driver电动起子Pneumatic screw driver气动起子worktable 工作台fasten锁紧(螺丝)fixture 夹具(治具)barcode条码barcode scanner条码扫描器repair修理operator作业员ME制造工程师MT制造生技cosmetic inspect外观检查inner parts inspect内部检查thumb screw大头螺丝to load material上料to unload material卸料to return material/stock to退料scraped |报废automatic screwdriver电动启子spare parts=buffer备件forklift叉车。

Internal combustion engine 内燃机Power unit 动力装置Spark ignition engine 火花塞点火式发动机Compression ignition engine 压燃式发动机Two-stroke/Four-stroke engine 二冲程/四冲程发动机Direct/Indirect injection engine 直喷式发动机/非直喷式发动机Reciprocating internal combustion engine 往复式内燃机Carburetor engine 化油器式发动机Rotary engine 转子发动机Supercharged engine 增压发动机Airoil-cooled engine 风冷油冷发动机Naturally aspirated engine 自然吸气发动机Liquefied petroleum gas engine 液化石油气发动机Diesel gas engine 柴油煤气发动机Multi-fuel engine 多燃料发动机Opposed-cylinder/Opposed-piston engine 对置气缸/对置活塞发动机Cross head engine 十字头型发动机In-line engine 直列式发动机Radial engine 星型发动机Stirling engine 斯特林发动机Front-engine 前置式发动机Rear-engine 后置式发动机Central engine 中置式发动机汽油机gasoline engine 汽油喷射式汽油机gasoline-injection engine 柴油机diesel engine 旋轮线转子发动机rotary trochoidal engine Leftright-hand engine 左右侧发动机Dual overhead camshaft engine 双顶置凸轮轴发动机DOHC valve in-head engine 顶置气门发动机side valve engine 侧置气门发动机multi-valve engine 多气门发动机horizontal engine 卧式发动机vertical engine 立式发动机oversquare/undersquare engine 短冲程/长冲程发动机engine performance 发动机性能twofour-stroke cycle 二四冲程循环diesel cycle 狄塞尔循环otto cycle 奥托循环mixed cycle 混合循环constant volumepressure cycle 等容等压循环woking cycle 工作循环ideal cycle 理想循环thermodynamic cycle 热力循环up down stroke 上下行程intake stroke 进气行程charging stroke 充气行程compression stroke 压缩行程expansion stroke 膨胀行程power stroke 作功行程exhaust stroke 排气行程top bottom dead center 上下止点BTDC before top dead center 上止点前ATDC after top dead center 上止点后Bore 缸径Cylinder clearance volume 气缸余隙容积Combustion chamber volume 燃烧室容积Displacement 排量Compression ratio 压缩比Critical compression ratio 临界压缩比Expansion ratio 膨胀比Surface to volume ratio 面容比Stroke-bore ratio 行程缸径比Compression pressure 压缩压力BMEP brake mean effective pressure 制动平均有效压力Air fuel ratio fuel air ratio 空燃比燃空比Fuel equivalence ratio 燃料当量比Power per litter cylinder 升功率单缸功率Gross power horse power 总功率马力Net power 净功率Fuel consumption 燃油消耗量Specific fuel consumption 比燃油消耗率Power curve 功率曲线Mechanical loss 机械损失Mechanical efficiency 机械效率Effective thermal efficiency 有效热效率Volumetric efficiency 充气系数Coefficient of excess air 过量空气系数Coefficient of torque adaptability 扭矩适应性系数Coefficient of intensification 强化系数Correction factor 校正系数Economic speed 经济转速Starting speed 启动转速Speed at maximum torque 最大扭矩转速Maximum no load governed speed 最高空转转速Speed governing 调速Working condition 工况Declared working condition 额定工况Variable working condition 变工况Steady working condition 稳定工况No-load 空载Full part load 全负荷部分负荷Major pitchminor diameter 外中、内径Radical clearance 径向间隙Loading startingacceleration performance 加载性能启动性能、加速性能Power emission performance 动力性能排放性能Part throttle characteristics 负荷特性Governorcontrol characteristics 调速特性Mapping characteristics 万有特性Steady state speed governing rate 稳态调速率Cylinder block head 缸体缸盖Cylinder head gasket 气缸盖垫片Cylinder liner sleeve 缸套Dry wet cylinder liner 干湿缸套Water jacket 气缸水套Cylinder wall 气缸壁Deformation 变形Cavitation 穴蚀Aging 老化Fatigue 疲劳Rough running 工作粗暴Knock 敲缸Cylinder score 拉缸Dynamometer 测功机Automobile Mechanics 汽车构造Engine Cylinder Block Crankcase 发动机气缸休曲轴箱Piston Connecting Rod 活塞连杆Crankshaft Flywheel 曲轴飞轮Valves and Valves Train 气门与气门传动组Engine Fuel System 发动机燃油系统Engine Lubricating System 发动机润滑系统Engine Cooling System 发动机冷却系统engine Ignition System 发动机点火系统engine Starting System 发动机起动系统Clutch 离合器Transmission 变速器Suspension System 悬挂系统Crank shaft 曲轴Oil pan 油底壳Piston pin ring 活塞销环Valve timing 配气相位VVTVariable Valve Timing 可变气门相位VVT-iVariable Valve Timing Intake 智能可变配气正时VVTLVariable Valve Timing and Lift 可变气门相位及升程VTECVariable Valve Timing and Lift Electronic Control System 可变气门相位及升程电子控制系统FSI Fuel Straight Injection 汽油机缸内直喷技术OBD On Board Diagnostics 车载故障诊断系统VCMVariable Cylinder Management 可变气缸管理即闭缸技术Muffler 消音器volume ratio of combustion cahmber燃烧室容积比surface-volume ratio of combustion chamber燃烧室口径比flywheel cover飞轮壳dome head piston圆顶活塞flat head piston平顶活塞crown head piston convex head piston 凸顶活塞concave head piston凹顶活塞piston skirt活塞裙部oil control ring 油环connecting rod small end连杆小头connecting rod big end连杆大头connecting rod bearing连杆轴承one-piece crankshaft整体式曲轴assembled crankshaft组合式曲轴crankshaft main journal 曲轴主轴颈crank pin曲柄销eccentric shaft偏心轴crankcase曲轴箱flywheel飞轮reciprocating inertia force1st order一级往复惯性力reciprocating inertia force 2nd order二级往复贯性力camshaft bearing journal凸轮轴轴颈camshaft bearing 凸轮轴轴承camshaft gear wheel 凸轮轴齿轮inlet cam进口凸轮exhaust cam排气凸轮timing gear正时齿轮swirl rate进气涡流intake turbulence进气紊流valve lift气门升程valve timing气门正时valve guide气门导管roller 滚柱rocker arm摇臂fuel delivery per cycle循环供油量rated fuel delivery 额定供油量fuel injection beginning喷油始点fuel injection end喷油终点fuel injection duration angle喷油持续角injection delay喷油延迟pilot injection 引燃喷射injection starting pressure启喷压力carburetor化油器governor 调速器air filter空气滤清器intake preheater进气预热装置intake manifold进气歧管indicated power指示功率indicated thermal efficiency指示热效率indicated specific energy consumption指示油耗率indicator diagram示功图mechanical supercharging机械增压supercharge ratio增压比boost pressure增压压力surge喘振standard atmospheric conditions标准大气状况atmospheric pressure 大气压力inlet air temperature进气温度performance test性能试验thermo-shock test热冲击试验cylinder fuel-cut test停缸试验turbo-charger matching test增压机匹配试验exhaust analysis test排气分析试验stability test稳定性试验verification test验证试验approval test鉴定试验reliability test可靠性试验durability test耐久性试验type approval test定型试验acceptance test验收试验field test现场试验delivery test出厂试验spot check test抽查试验re-check test复查试验bench test台架试验hydraulic dynamometer水力测功机eddy current dynamometer电涡流测功机electric dynamometer电力测功机fuel and vapor separator油气分离器catalyst催化剂converter转化器catalytic converter催化转化器oxidation catalyst氧化型催化剂reduction catalyst还原型催化剂three-way catalyst三元催化剂catalyst poisoning催化剂中毒lean rich mixture稀浓混合气temperature sensor温度传感器pressure sensor压力传感器position sensor位置传感器speed sensor转速传感器knock sensor爆震传感器nondispersive infrared不分光红外线分析法nondispersive ultraviolet不分光紫外线分析法flame ionization ditector氢火焰离子化检测器gas chromatograph气相色谱仪heated flame ionization detector加热式氢火焰离子化检测器opacimetersmokemeter烟度计off-road vehicle越野车sports car跑车racer racing car赛车interchangeability 互换性final assembly 总装dash board 仪表盘clean diesel 清洁柴油grade ability 爬坡能力moisture ejector 除湿器modular bus body 组合式客车车身test of steering wheel returnability 转向盘回正性试验steering wheel impulse input test 转向盘转角脉冲试验air deflector 空气导流板steering wheel step input or transient state yaw response test 转向盘转角阶跃输入试验limiting lateral acceleration test 极限侧向加速度试验automobile ride random input running test 汽车平顺性随机输入行驶试验automobile ride single pulse input running test 汽车平顺性单脉冲输入行驶试验measurement of natural frequency and damping ratio of suspension 汽车悬挂系统固有频率与阻尼比的测定试验test of effect of sudden power change 功率突然变化影响试验test of control at breakway 收油门后控制试验test of crosswind stability 横向稳定性试验kick-back test 反冲试验test of burst response of tyre 轮胎爆破响应时间试验obstacle avoidance test 绕过障碍物试验lane change test 移线试验test of J turn J型转弯试验frequency response test 频率响应时间试验transient response test 瞬态响应时间试验step response test 阶路响应时间试验pulse response test 脉冲响应试验static steering effort test 静态操舵力试验jack-up test of suspension 悬架举升试验test of overturning immunity 耐翻倾试验rim slip test 转毂错动试验wind tunnel test 风洞试验test of breaking stability 制动稳定性试验minimum turning diameter test 最小转弯直径试验steering effort test 操舵力试验汽车automobile 拖拉机tractor 铁路机车locomotive 有轨电车tram 无轨电车trolley 军用车辆military vehicle 蒸汽机steam engine 煤气机gas engine 汽油机gasoline engine 国民经济national economy 国内生产总值GDP Gross Domestic Production 全拆散CKD Completely Knock Down 半拆散SKDSemi-Knock Down 改革开放reform and opening 技术引进technical import 国产化localization 支柱产业pillar estate 轿车car 客车bus coach 货车truck lorry 公路用车road vehicle 非公路用车off-road vehicle 发动机engine 机体engine body 曲柄连杆机构crank-connecting rod mechanism 配气机构valve timing mechanism 供给系fuel supply system 冷却系cooling system 润滑系lubricating system 点火系ignition system 起动系starting system 底盘chassis 传动系power train 离合器clutch 变速器gear box 传动轴propeller shaft 驱动桥drive axle 行驶系runninggear 车架frame 悬架suspension 前轴front axle 桥壳axle housing 车轮wheel转向系steering system 转向盘steering wheel 转向器steering gear 转向传动装置steering linkage 助力装置power assisting device 制动系braking system 控制装置control device 供能装置power supply device 传动装置transfer device 制动器brake 车身body 车前板制件front end panels 车身壳体body shell 车门door 车窗window 附属装置auxiliary device 货箱carrying platform 发动机前置后轮驱动FR front engine rear drive 发动机前置前轮驱动FF front engine front drive 发动机后置后轮驱动RR rear engine rear drive 发动机中置后轮驱动MR midship engine rear drive 全轮驱动nWD all wheel drive 驱动力tractive force 阻力resistance 滚动阻力rolling resistance 空气阻力air resistance drag 上坡阻力gradient resistance 附着作用adhesion 附着力adhesive force 附着系数coefficient of adhesion 第一章发动机工作原理二冲程发动机two stroke engine 四冲程发动机four stroke engine 水冷发动机water cooled engine 风冷发动机air cooled engine 上止点UDP upper dead point 下止点LDP lower dead point 活塞行程stroke 汽缸直径bore 工作容积working volume 排量swept volume displacement 进气行程intake stroke 压缩行程compression stroke 压缩比compression ratio 做功行程working stroke 爆燃敲缸detonation knock 排气行程exhaust stroke 示功图indicating diagram 汽缸体cylinder block 汽缸盖cylinder head 油底壳oil sump 活塞piston 连杆connecting rod 曲轴crankshaft 飞轮flywheel 进气门intake valve 排气门exhaust valve 挺柱tappet 推杆push rod 摇臂rocker 凸轮轴camshaft 正时齿轮timing gear 燃油箱fuel tank 燃油泵fuel pump 汽油滤清器gasoline filter 化油器carburetor 空气滤清器air cleaner 进气管intake manifold 排气管exhaust manifold 火花塞spark plug 点火线圈ignition coil 断电器breaker 蓄电池storage battery 发电机generator 水泵water pump 散热器radiator 风扇fan 放水阀drain valve 水套water jacket 分水管distributive pipe 机油泵oil pump 集滤器suction filter 限压阀relief valve 润滑油道oil passage 机油滤清器oil filter 机油冷却器oil cooler 起动机starting motor 有效功率effective power 有效转矩effective torque 燃油消耗率specific fuel consumption 发动机转速特性engine speed characteristic 节气门开度throttle percentage 部分特性partial characteristic 外特性outer characteristic 第二章曲柄连杆机构汽缸套cylinder sleeve cylinder liner 发动机支承engine mounting 活塞顶piston top 活塞头部piston head 活塞裙piston skirt 开槽slot 活塞环piston ring气环compression ring 油环oil ring 环槽groove 活塞销piston pin 主轴承main bearing 主轴承盖main bearing cap 主轴瓦main shell 连杆轴承big end bearing 连杆盖big end cap 起动爪cranking claw 带轮pulley 平衡重counter weight 发火顺序firing order 扭振减振器torsional vibration damper 第三章配气机构顶置气门OHV Over Head Valve 顶置凸轮轴OHC Over Head Camshaft 单顶置凸轮轴SOHC Single Over Head Camshaft 双顶置凸轮轴DOHC Dual Over Head Camshaft 多气门发动机multi-valve engine 气门间隙valve clearance 配气相位timing phase 气门杆valve stem 气门座valve seat 气门导管valve guide 气门弹簧valve spring 第四章汽油机供给系可燃混合气combustion mixture 消声器silencer muffler 汽油gasoline petrol 分馏distil 蒸发性evaporating property 热值heat value 抗爆性anti-knock property 辛烷值RON Research Octane Number 过量空气系数coefficient of excessive air 理论混合气theoretical mixture 稀混合气thin mixture 浓混合气thick mixture 主供油系统main supply system 怠速系统idle system 加浓系统thickening system 加速系统accelerating system 浮子float 浮子室float chamber 针阀needle valve 量孔metering jet 阻风门choke 滤芯filter cartridge 沉淀杯sediment cup 泵膜pump diaphragm 油浴式oil bath type 石棉垫aestos pad 预热pre-heating 汽油直接喷射gasoline direct injection 电控electronic control 多点喷射muti-point injection 单点喷射single point injection 电路控制circuit control 分电器信号distributor signal 空气流量信号airflow signal 冷却水温信号water temperature signal 第五章柴油机供给系输油泵transfer pump 喷油泵fuel injection pump 高压油管high pressure fuel pipe 发火性ignition property 黏度viscosity 凝点condensing point 备燃期pri-combustion period 速燃期rapid combustion period 缓燃期slow combustion period 燃烧室combustion chamber 统一燃烧室united chamber 球形燃烧室ball shape chamber 涡流室turbulence chamber 预燃室pri-combustion chamber 喷油器injector 精密偶件precise couple 柱塞plunger 出油阀delivery valve 调速器governor 两速调速器two speed governor 全速调速器full speed governor 定速调速器fixed speed governor 综合调速器combined governor 气动调速器pneumatic governor 机械离心式调速器mechanical centrifugal governor 复合式调速器complex governor 喷油提前角调节装置advancer 飞块flyweight 联轴节coupling 粗滤清器primary filter 细滤清器secondary filter 涡轮增压器turbocharger 中间冷却器intermediate cooler 第七章冷却系节温器thermostat 防冻液anti-freezing liquid 补偿水桶compensation reservoir V-带V belt 百叶窗shutter 大循环big circulation 小循环small circulation 散热翅片fins 第八章润滑系润滑剂lubricant 压力润滑pressure lubrication 飞溅润滑splash lubrication 润滑脂grease 机油压力传感器oil pressure sensor 油封oil seal 旁通阀bypass valve 机油散热器oil cooler 机油尺dip stick 加机油口oil filler 曲轴箱通风crankcase ventilation 第九章点火系一次绕组primary winding 二次绕组secondary winding 热敏电阻heat sensitive resistance 点火提前ignition advance 分电器distributor 活动触点moving contact 固定触点fixed contact 分火头distributor rotor arm 电容器condenser 点火提前装置ignition advancer 离心式点火提前装置centrifugal ignition advancer 真空式点火提前装置vacuum ignition advancer 辛烷值校正器octane number rectifier 中心电极central electrode 侧电极side electrode 瓷绝缘体ceramic insulator 跳火间隙spark gap 半导体点火系semi-conductor ignition system 晶体管transistor 二极管diode 三极管triode 无触点点火系non-contact ignition system 霍尔效应Hall effect 正极板anode 负极板cathode 隔板separator 电解液electrolyte 蓄电池格battery cell 接线柱terminal 电缆cable 硅整流交流发电机silicon rectified A.C.。

内燃机专业英语自编讲义部分：1. Engine Classification and Overall MechanicsThe automobile engines can be classified according to: 1. number of cylinders; 2. arrangement of cylinders; 3. arrangement of valves; 4. type of cooling; 5. number of cycles (two or four); 6. type of fuel burned; 7. type of ignition.The engine is the source of power that makes the wheels go around and the car move. The automobile engine is an internal-combustion engine because the fuel (gasoline) is burned inside it. The burning of gasoline inside the engine produces high pressure in the engine combustion chamber. This high pressure forces piston to move, the movement is carried by connecting rods to the engine crankshaft. The crankshaft is thus made to rotate; the rotary motion is carried through the power train to the car wheels so that they rotate and the moves.The engine requires a fuel system to supply it with a mixture of air and fuel. The fuel system does this by pumping liquid gasoline from a tank into the carburetor, a mixing device that mixes the gasoline with air. The mixture is delivered to the engine where it is burned.The engine also needs a cooling system, the combustion of the air-fuel mixture in the engine creates a very high temperature (as high as 2000 to 2700 ℃). The cooling system takes heat away from the engine by circulating a liquid coolant (water mixed with antifreeze) between the engine and a radiator. The coolant gets hot as it goes through the engine. It cools off as it goes through the radiator. Thus, the coolant continually takes heat away from the engine, where it could do damage, and delivers it to the radiator. Air passing through the radiator takes heat away from the radiator.The engine also includes a lubricating system. The purpose of the lubricating system is to supply all moving parts inside the engine with lubricating oil; the oil keeps moving parts from wearing excessively.The engine requires a fourth system, the ignition system. The ignition system provides high-voltage electric sparks that ignite, or set fire to, the charges of air-fuel mixture in the engine combustion chambers.The fifth is starting system and its purpose is to change the electrical current into the mechanical energy to push the crank-shaft around. By means of this, the engine can be started.These five systems are discussed briefly in following sections.Words and Expressionscombustion chamber 燃烧室；ignition. 点燃；power train 动力传动系统；carburetor 化油器；antifreeze 防冻的；coolant 冷却剂（液态）；crankshaft 曲轴2. Four-stage-engine OperationThe action taking place in the engine cylinder can be divided into four stages, or strokes. “Stroke” refers to piston movement; as stroke occurs when the piston moves from one limiting position to the other. The upper limit of piston movement is called TDC （top dead center）. The lower limit of piston movement is called BDC (bottom dead center). A stroke is piston movement from TDC to BDC or from BDC to TDC. In other words, the piston completes a stroke each time it change its direction of motion.Where the entire cycle of events in the cylinder requires four strokes (or two crankshaft revolutions), the engine is called a four-stroke-cycle engine, or a four-cycle engine. The four piston strokes are intake, compression, power, and exhaust.Intake stroke. On the intake stroke, the intake valve has opened, the piston is moving downward, and a mixture of air and vaporized gasoline is entering the cylinder through the valve port. The mixture of air and vaporized gasoline is delivered to the cylinder by the fuel system and carburetor.Compression stroke. After the piston reaches BDC, or the lower limit of its travel, it begins to move upward. As this happens, the intake valve closes. The exhaust valve is also closed, so that the cylinder is sealed. As the piston moves upward (pushed now by the revolving crankshaft and connecting rod), the air-fuel mixture is compressed. By the time the piston reaches TDC, the mixture has been compressed to as little as one-tenth of its original volume, or even less. This compression of the air-fuel mixture increases the pressure in the cylinder. When the air-fuel mixture is compressed, not only does the pressure in the cylinder go up, but the temperature of the mixture also increases.Power stroke. As the piston reaches TDC on the compression stroke, an electric spark is produced at the spark plug. The ignition system delivers a high-voltage surge of electricity to the spark plug to produce the spark. The spark ignites, or sets fire to, the air-fuel mixture. It now begins to burn very rapidly, and the cylinder pressure increases to as much as 3-5 MPa or even more. This terrific push against the piston forces it downward, and a power impulse is transmitted through the connecting rod to the crankpin on the crankshaft. The crankshaft is rotated as the piston is pushed down by the pressure above it.Exhaust stroke. As the piston reaches BDC again, the exhaust valve opens. Now, as the piston moves up on the exhaust stroke, it forces the burned gases out of thecylinder through the exhaust-valve port. Then, when the piston reaches TDC, the exhaust valve closes and the intake valve opens. Now, a fresh charge of air-fuel mixture will be drawn into the cylinder as the piston moves down again toward BDC. The above four strokes are continuously repeated.Words and Expressionsstroke 行程，冲程；BDC 上止点；TDC 下止点；surge 冲击，脉动；terrific 了不起的，绝妙的；crankpin 曲柄销，连杆轴颈；intake stroke 吸气冲程；compression stroke 压缩冲程；power stroke 做功冲程；exhaust stroke 排气冲程；fresh charge （发动机）吸入的新鲜混合油气3. Two-stage-engine OperationIn the four-stroke-cycle engine, already discussed in lesson 1、2, the complete cycle of events requires four piston strokes (intake, compression, power, and exhaust). In the two-stroke-cycle, or two-cycle, engine, the intake and compression strokes and power and exhaust strokes are in a sense combined. This permits the engine to produce a power stroke every two piston strokes, or every crankshaft rotation.In the two-cycle engine, the piston acts as a valve, clearing valve ports in the cylinder wall as it nears BDC.A fresh air-fuel charge enters through the intake port, and the burned gases exit through the exhaust port. The complete cycle of operation is as follows: As the piston nears TDC, ignition takes place. The high combustion pressures drive the piston down, and the thrust through the connecting rod turns the crankshaft. As the piston nears BDC，it passes the intake and exhaust ports in the cylinder wall. Burned gases, still under some pressure, begin to stream out through the exhaust port. At the same time, the intake port, now cleared by the piston, begins to deliver air-fuel mixture, under pressure, to the cylinder. The top of the piston is shaped to give the incoming mixture an upward movement. This helps to sweep the burned gases ahead and out through the exhaust port.After the piston has passed through BDC and stars up again, it passes both ports, thus sealing them off. Now the fresh air-fuel charge above the piston is compressed and ignited. The same series of events takes place again and continue as long as the engine runs.We mentioned that the air-fuel mixture is delivered to the cylinder under pressure. In most engines, this pressure is put on the mixture in the crankcase. The crankcase is sealed except for a leaf, or reed, valve at the bottom. The reed valve is a flexible, flat metal plate that rests snugly against the floor of the crankcase. There are holes under the reed valve that connect to the engine carburetor. When the piston is moving up, a partial vacuum is produced in the sealed crankcase. Atmospheric pressure lifts the reed valve off the holes, and air-fuel mixture enters the crankcase. After the piston passes TDC and starts down again, pressure begins to build up in the crankcase. This pressure closes the reed valve so that further downward movement of the piston compresses the tapped air-fuel mixture in the crankcase. The pressure which is built up on the air-fuel mixture then causes it to flow up through the intake port into the engine cylinder when the piston moves down far enough to clear the intake port.The two-stroke engine is not only very simple but gives nearly twice the powerof a four stroke engine from a cylinder of given size, but it is wasteful of gasoline, as some mixture inevitably finds its way into the exhaust system on the combines intake/exhaust stroke, and there are always some combustion products left in the cylinder which reduce the rapid burning of the fuel. This kind of engine is always used in motorcycles.Words and Expressionssweep 扫气；connecting rod 连杆；crankcase 曲轴箱；seal off 密封；leaf （reed）valve 片簧阀；air-fuel charge 可燃混合油气4. Diesel Engine Operating FeaturesWe all know that diesel engines, in principle, work in the same way as gasoline engines do. Both kinds of engines are internal-combustion engines, but each of them has its characteristic features. As their names suggest this type of engines burn their fuel inside the working parts of the engines. “Internal” means “inside”, “combustion”means “catching fire or burning”. In any internal combustion engine, burning fuel heats air which consequently expands, and in expanding exists a push to a piston which, in turn, rotates the engine crankshaft through a connecting rod.Now let us compare the diesel engine with the gasoline engine. Firstly, the explosive mixture of the gasoline engine is provided by a carburetor, but in the case of the diesel engine the supply is a ffected by an injection or “jerk” pump which forces a “short” of fuel into each cylinder in turn according to the correct firing sequence. Secondly, the fundamental difference between gasoline and diesel engines is that in the gasoline engine the source of the heat for igniting the charge, namely, an electric spark, is generated outside the engine, and is taken, as it were, into the waiting charge at the required instant. In the diesel engine the source of heat for igniting the charge is created within the engine by compressing pure air to a degree that will initiate combustion and then injecting the fuel at the right time in relation to the movement of the crankshaft. Both classes of engines are of very similar construction. But as the diesel engine is called upon to withstand very much greater stresses due to higher pressures in cylinders, it has to be of more substantial construction, and is thus heavier. In general, the diesel engine may weigh about 9.25 kilograms per kilowatt. The most important advantage of the gasoline engine is its lower weight per kilowatt. The gasoline engine for automobiles weighs about 6.17 kilograms per kilowatt, and gasoline engines for airplanes may weigh as little as 0.77 kilograms per kilowatt. This advantage prevents the diesel engine from replacing the gasoline engine in some automobiles and airplanes.However, the diesel engine is more efficient, because it has higher compression ration. Its ratio may be as high as 16 to 1. Up to 40 percent of the chemical energy of the burning fuel may be changed into mechanical energy. In addition, the diesel engine runs cooler than the gasoline engine. This advantage is especially obvious at lower speeds. Diesel oil is not only cheaper than gasoline, but also safer to store. Words and Expressions：diesel：柴油机；internal-combustion engines：内燃机；jerk pump：脉动史喷油泵；compression ration：压缩比5. Engine Cylinder Block CrankcaseWe have seen how the mixture of air and fuel is delivered by the fuel system to the engine cylinder, where it is compressed, ignited, and burned. We have noted that this combustion produces a high pressure that pushes the piston down so that the crankshaft is rotated. Now let us examine the various parts of the engine in detail.Engine cylinder blockThe cylinder block of liquid-cooled engines forms the basic framework of the engine. Other parts are attached to the cylinder block or are assembled in it. The block is cast in one piece from gray iron or iron alloyed with other metals, such as nickel or chromium. Some blocks are cast from aluminum. The block contains not only the cylinders but also the water jackets that surround them. In aluminum blocks, cast-iron or steel cylinder sleeves (also called bore lines) are used. These metals have better wearing qualities than aluminum and can better withstand the wearing effect of the pistons and ring moving up and down in the cylinders. For most engines, cast iron has been found to be a satisfactory cylinder-wall material. However, in some small engines, the cylinder walls are plated with chromium, a very hard metal, to reduce wall wear and lengthen their life.Cylinder HeadThe cylinder head is usually cast in one piece from iron, from iron alloyed with other metals, or from aluminum alloy. Aluminum has the advantage of combining lightness with high heat conductivity. That is, an aluminum head tends to turn cooler, other factors being equal. There are two types of head, L head and I head. Cylinder head contains water jackets for cooling; in the assembled engine, these water jackets are connected through openings to the cylinder-block water jackets. Spark-plug holes are provided, along with pockets into which the valves can move as they open.GasketsThe joint between the cylinder block and the head must be tight and able to withstand the pressure and heat developed in the combustion chambers. The block and head cannot be machined flat and smooth enough to provide an adequate seal. Thus, gaskets are used. Head gaskets are made of thin sheets of soft metal or asbestos and metal. All cylinder, water, valve, and head-bolt openings are cut out. When the gasket is placed on the block and the head installed, tightening of the head bolts (or nuts) squeezes the soft metal so that the joint is effectively sealed. Gaskets are also used to seal joints between other parts, such as between the oil pan, manifolds, orwater pump and the block.Oil PanThe oil pan is usually formed of pressed steel. It usually holds 5 to 10 litres of oil, depending on the engine design. The oil pan and the lower part of the cylinder block together are called the crankcase; they enclose, or encase, the crankshaft. The oil pump in the lubricating system draws oil from the oil pan and sends it to all working parts in the engine. The oil drains off and runs down into the pan. Thus, there is constant circulation of oil between the pan and the working parts of the engine.Words and Expressionscylinder block 气缸体；block crankcase 曲轴箱；framework 结构，车架；gray iron 灰铸铁；water jacket 水套；plate……with 镀金属；cylinder head 气缸盖；gaskets 密封垫；asbestos 石棉；manifold 岐管；oil pan 油盘；pocket 凹槽；bore liner 气缸衬套6. Piston Connecting RodPistonThe piston is essentially a cylindrical plug that moves up and down in the engine cylinder. It is equipped with piston rings to provide a good seal between the cylinder wall and piston. The piston absorbs heat from the gas, and this heat must be carried away if the metal temperature is to be carried away if the metal temperature is to be held within safe limits. The constant reversal of the piston travel sets up inertial forces, which increase both with the weight of the piston and with its speed. For this reason, designers try to keep piston weight low, particularly in high-speed engines. As lower hood lines and over-square engines became popular, the semi-slipper and full-slipper pistons came into use. On these pistons the number piston rings was reduced to three, two compression and one oil-control. One reason for the slipper piston is that, on the short stroke, over-square engine, the piston skirt had to be cut away to make room for the counterweights on the crankshaft. Also, the slipper piston, being shorter and having part of its skirt cut away, is lighter. This reduces the inertial load on the engine bearings and, in addition, makes for a more responsive engine. The lighter the piston, the less the bearing load and the longer the bearings will last. Another way to lighten the piston is to make it of light metal. The idea piston material would be light and strong, conduct heat will, expand only slight when heated, resist wear, and be low in cost. Thus, most automotive-engine pistons today are made of aluminum, which is less than half as heavy as iron. Iron pistons were common in the earlier engines. Aluminum expands more rapidly than iron with increasing temperature, however, and since the cylinder block is of iron, special provisions must be made to maintain proper piston clearance at operating temperatures. To take care of it, the crown is machined on slight taper, the diameter being greatest where the crown meets the skirt and becoming less toward the top.Piston RingsA good seal must be maintained between the piston and cylinder wall to prevent blow-by. “Blow-by” is the name that describes the escape of burned gases from the combustion chamber, past the piston, and into the crankcase. In other words, these gases “blow by” the piston. It is not pr actical to fit the piston to the cylinder closely enough to prevent blow-by. Thus, piston rings must be used to provide the necessary seal. The rings are installed in grooves in the piston. Actually, there are two types of rings, compression rings and oil-control rings. The compression rings seal in theair-fuel mixture as it is compressed and also the combustion pressures as the mixture burns. The oil-control rings scrape off excessive oil from the cylinder wall and return it to the oil pan.The rings have joints (they are split) so that they can be expanded and slipped over the piston head and into the recessed grooves cut in the piston. Rings for automotive engines usually have butt joints, but in some heavy-duty engines, the joints may be angles, lapped, or of the sealed type.The rings are somewhat larger in diameter than they will be when in the cylinder. Then, when they are installed, they are compresses so that the joints are nearly closed. Compressing the rings gives them an initial tension; they press tightly against the cylinder wall.Connecting RodThe connecting rod is attached at one end to a crankpin on the crankshaft and at the other to a piston, through a piston pin or wrist pin. The connecting rod must be very strong and rigid and also as light as possible. The connecting rod carries the power thrusts from the piston to the crankpin. At the same time, the rod is in eccentric motion. To minimize vibration and bearing loads, the rod must be light in weight. To maintain good engine balance, connecting rods and caps are carefully matched in sets for engines. All rods in an engine must be of equal weight; if they are not, noticeable vibration may result. In original assembly, rods and caps are individually matched to each other and usually carry identifying numbers so they will not be mixed if the engine is disassembled for service. They must not be mixed during any service job, since this could result in poor bearing fit and bearing failure.Words and Expressionscounterweight 平衡重；groove 凹槽；recess 凹口；lap 搭接；eccentric 偏心的；lower hood lines 低发动机罩；over-square engine 短行程发动机；semi-slipper piston 半裙式活塞；full-slipper piston 全裙式活塞；match in set 配套；blow-by 漏气；initial tension 初张力；poor bearing fit 轴承不配套；bearing failing 轴承故障。

内燃机英语名词--------------------------------------------------------------------------------活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(一)（GB1883 ）序号中文名词、术语英文名词、术语1 往复活塞式内燃机Reciprocating engine2 二冲程内燃机Two-stroke engine3 四冲程内燃机Four-strokeen gine4 汽油机Gasolineengine5 顶置气门汽油机Overhead-valve engine6 侧置气门汽油机Side-valvengine7 汽油喷射式汽油机Gasoline-injection engine8 顶置凸轮轴内燃机Overhead camshaft engine9 柴油机Dieselengine10 煤气机Gas engine11 柴油煤气机Gas-Diesel engine12 多种燃料内燃机Multi-fuel engine13 低转速柴油机Low-speed Dieselengine14 中转速柴油机Medium-speed Diesel engine15 高转速柴油机High-speedDieselengine16 增压柴油机Supercharged Diesel engine17 低增压柴油机Low-supercharged Diesel engine18 中增压柴油机Medium-supercharged Dieselengine19 高增压柴油机High-supercharged Dieselengine20 超高增压柴油机Superhigh supercharged Dieselengine21 废气涡轮增压柴油机Turbocharged Diesel engine22 机械增压柴油机Mechanical pressure-charged engine23 两级增压柴油机Two stage super-charged engine24 复合式柴油机Compound Dieselengine25 十字头式柴油机Crosshead Diesel engine26 船用挂机Outboardengine27 水冷内燃机Water-coolede ngine28 风冷内燃机Air-cooled engine29 单缸内燃机Single-cylindeenrg ine30 多缸内燃机Multi cylinder engine31 卧式内燃机Horizontalengine32 立式内燃机Vertical engine33 斜置式内燃机34 直列式内燃机In-line engine35 对置气缸内燃机Opposed-cylinder-type engine36 对动活塞内燃机Opposed-pistonengine37U 形内燃机U-pistonengine38V 形内燃机V-engine39W 形内燃机W-engine40X 形内燃机X-engine41 星形内燃机Radialengine42 ▽形内燃机▽-Type engine43 工字形内燃机工-type engine44 王字形内燃机王-type engine往复活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(二)（GB1883 ）序号中文名词、术语英文名词、术语45 气缸直径Cylinderbore46 活塞行程Stroke 47 上止点Top dead centre48 下止点Bottom dead centre49 行程缸径比Stroke-borrea tio50 连杆比Ratio between crank radius andconnecting rod length 51 充量Charge52 工质Working medium53 进气行程Suctionstroke54 压缩行程Compression stroke55 膨胀行程Expansionstroke56 排气行程Exhauststroke57 换气-压缩行程（二冲程）Scavenging-compression stroke 58 膨胀-换气行程（二冲程）Expansion-scavengingstroke59 工作循环Working cycle60 扫气过程Scavenging61 直流扫气Uniflowscavenging62 回流扫气Loopscavenging63 横流扫气Crossscavenging64 扫气泵扫气Scavenging by blower65 曲轴箱扫气Crankcase scavenging66 活塞底泵扫气Under-piston pump scavenging67 进气温度Intaketemperature68 进气压力Intakepressure69 进气涡流Intakeswirl70 排气温度Exhaust-gastemperature71 排气背压Back pressure72 排气烟度Exhaust gas opacity73 充量系数Charging efficiency7474 残余废气系数Residual gas ratio75 扫气利用系数Coefficient of scavenging76 扫气漏失系数77 扫气系数Scavengingfactor78 压缩始点压力Compression beginning pressure79 压缩终点压力Compression end pressure80 压缩始点温度Compression beginning temperature81 压缩终点温度Compression end temperature82 最高燃烧温度Maximum combustion temperature83 膨胀终点温度Expansion end temperature84 膨胀终点压力Expansion end pressure85 平均压力增长率Mean rate of pressure increase86 放热速率Rate of heat release87 燃烧速率Burningvelocity88 火焰传播速度Rate of flame propagation89 表面点火Surfaceignition90 放热规律Regularity of heat release91 过量空气系数Excess air factor92 总过量空气系数Total excess air factor 93 气缸工作容积Piston swept volume 94 总排量Engine sweptvolume95 压缩多变指数Polytropic exponent of compression96 膨胀多变指数Polytropic exponent of expansion97 最高爆发压力Maximum cylinder pressure98 压力升高比Rate of explosion99 初期膨胀比Cut-offr ate100 后期膨胀比Expansionrate101 放热系数Coefficient of heat release102 热平衡Heat balance103 有效功的热当量Mechanical equivalent of heat104 排气热损失Exhaustloss105 冷却热损失Coolingloss106 热平衡余项损失Heat loss as residual term of the heatbalance107 示功图Indicator diagram 108 示功图丰满系数Diagram factor109 扫气过量空气系数Delivery ratio110 空燃比Air-fuerla tio111 扫气效率Scavengingefficiency112 低热值Lower calorificvalue113 空气利用率Rate of air utilization114 热量利用系数Coefficient of heat utilization115 压缩比Compression ratio116 有效压缩比Effective compression ratio117 分子变更系数118 指示功Indicatedwork119 平均指示压力Mean indicated pressure120 指示热效率Indicatedthermalefficiency121 指示热消耗率Indicated specific heat consumption122 工作过程Working process123 压缩空气瓶容量124 指示燃油消耗率Indicated specific fuel consumption125 燃油消耗率Specific fuel consumption126 燃油消耗量Fuelconsumption127 热消耗量Heat consumption128 机油消耗率Specific oil consumption129 机油消耗量Oilconsumption130 空气消耗量Airconsumption131 最低燃油消耗率Minimum specific fuel consumption132 进排气重叠角Valve overlap133 进气持续角Intake valve-opening time134 排气持续角Exhaust valve-opening time135 点火提前角Advance angle of ignition136 进气提前角Intake advance angle137 进气滞后角Intake retard angle138 排气提前角Exhaustadvanceangle139 排气滞后角Exhaust retard angle140 扫气持续角Scavenging port-opening time 141 燃烧持续期Combustion duration 142 滞燃期Ignitiolna g143 显然期Apparent combustion period144 后燃期Afterburning145 早燃Preignition146 回火Back fire147 爆燃Detonation148 工作粗暴Engineroughness149 发火顺序Firingorder150 正时Valve timing往复活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(三)（GB1883 ）序号中文名词、术语英文名词、术语151 燃烧过程Combustion process152 油膜燃烧Film combustion153 空间燃烧Space combustion154 复合燃烧Compound combustion155 混合气形成Mixing156 废气净化Exhaust emission control157 雾化Atomization158 喷油速率Injection rate159 喷油规律Characteristic of fuel delivery160 喷油持续角Fuel injection period161 喷油延迟角Fuel injection lag162 供油提前角Deliverybeginning163 喷油提前角Fuel injection beginning164 换气过程Gas exchangeprocess165 配气相位Valve timing166 残余废气Residualgas167 增压Supercharging168 增压比Pressureratio169 气波增压Comprex supercharging170 增压压力Boostpressure171 废气涡轮增压Turbocharging172 机械增压Mechanicalsupercharging173 复合增压Two stagesupercharging174 定压增压Constantpressure175 脉冲增压Pulseturbocharginsgy stem 176 增压中冷Intercooling 177 增压度Degree ofcharging178 增压器出口温度Supercharger outlet temperature179 脉冲进气Impulse suction往复活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(四)（GB1883 ）序号中文名词、术语英文名词、术语180 时间-面积值/角度-面积值Time area181 积炭Carbon deposit182 结胶Sticking183 敲缸Knock184 气阻Vapour lock185 燃烧室面容比Surface volume ratio186 燃烧室的挤流面积Squish area187 激冷效应Quenching188 燃料当量比Equivalenceratio189 L型燃烧室** Side valve combustion chamber190 楔形燃烧室** Wedge combustion chamber191 盆型燃烧室** Basin type chamber192 F型燃烧室** F-head type combustion chamber193 半球形燃烧室** Semispherical combustion chamber194 开式燃烧室* Open combustion chamber195 分开式燃烧室* Divided combustion chamber196 半开式燃烧室* Semi-divided combustion chamber197 涡流室燃烧室* Swirl chamber type198 预燃室燃烧室* Precombustion chamber type199 直接喷射燃烧室* Direct injection type chamber200* 主燃烧室Main combustion type chamber201* 球型燃烧室Spherical combustion chamber202* ω型燃烧室ωtype chamber203* 盆型燃烧室Dish type chamber204 层状充气Stratificehda rging205 挤压涡流Squishswirl206 螺旋进气道Spiralport207 切向气道Tangentialp ort注释：*指柴油机燃烧室，**指汽油机燃烧室。

1. accessory [əkˈsesəri] 附件2. atmosphere[ˈætməsfɪə(r)] 空气3. bare[beə(r)] 裸露4. bearing [ˈbeərɪŋ]轴承5. bedplate ['bedpleɪt] 机座6. blower[ˈbləʊə(r)] 压气机7. bolt[bəʊlt] 螺栓8. brake[breɪk] 刹车9. calorific[ˌkæləˈrɪfɪk] 热值10. camshaft[ˈkæmʃɑ:ft] 凸轮轴11. capacity[kəˈpæsəti] 电容12. cetane number [ˈsi:tein ˈnʌmbə]十六烷值13. cetane ['si:teɪn] 十六烷值14. charge [tʃɑ:dʒ] 充气15. combustion chamber [kəmˈbʌstʃənˈtʃeimbə] 燃烧室16. combustion[kəmˈbʌstʃən] 燃烧17. compress[kəmˈpres]压缩18. connect rod big end[kəˈnekt] [rɒd]连杆大端19. crank journal[kræŋk ˈdʒə:nl] 主轴颈20. crankshaft[ˈkræŋkʃɑ:ft] 曲轴21. crown [kraʊn] 活塞顶22. curve[kɜ:v] 曲线23. cylinder[ˈsɪlɪndə(r)] 气缸24. diesel[ˈdi:zl]柴油机25. drawbar ['drɔ:ˌbɑ:] 挂钩26. dynamometer[ˌdaɪnə'mɒmɪtə] 测功器27. eliminate[ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt] 排除28. exert [ɪgˈzɜ:t] 施加29. exhaust gas driven turbocharger[ɪgˈzɔ:st][gæs][ˈdrɪvn][ˈtɜ:bəʊtʃɑ:dʒə(r)] 废气涡轮增压器30. exhaust[ɪgˈzɔ:st] 排气31. fan[fæn] 风扇32. film[fɪlm] 油膜33. flame[fleɪm] 火焰34. frame[freɪm] 机架35. friction [ˈfrɪkʃn] 摩擦36. gallon[ˈgælən] 加仑37. generator[ˈdʒenəreɪtə(r)] 发电机114. frequency response [ˈfri:kwənsiriˈspɔns] 频率响应115. frequency responsecharacteristic [ˈfri:kwənsi riˈspɔns][ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪk]频率响应特性116. Hall effect [ɪˈfekt] 霍耳效应117. Hall element [ˈelɪmənt] 霍耳元件118. dynamic response [daiˈnæmik riˈspɔns]动态响应119. eddy-current ['edi:k'ʌrənt]涡流120. eddy-currentdynamometer ['edi:k'ʌrənt] [ˌdaɪnə'mɒmɪtə] 电涡流测功器121. eddy-current testing ['edi:k'ʌrənt][ˈtestɪŋ]涡流检测122. eddy-current testinginstrument ['edi:k'ʌrənt][ˈtestɪŋ][ˈɪnstrəmənt] 涡流检测仪123. eddy-current thicknessgauge['edi:k'ʌrənt] [ˈθɪknɪs geidʒ]涡流测厚仪124. inductive transducer [inˈdʌktivtrænzˈdju:sə] 电感式传感器125. charge amplifier[tʃɑ:dʒˈæmpləˌfaɪə] 电荷放大器126. ammeter [ˈæmi:tə(r)] 电流表127. voltmeter[ˈvəʊltmi:tə(r)] 电压表128. chromatography [ˌkrəʊməˈtɒgrəfi] 色谱学129. chromatograph['krəʊmətəgrɑ:f]色谱法130. chromatogram[krəʊ'mætəˌgræm]色谱图131. chromatograph ['krəʊmətəgrɑ:f]色谱仪132. linear range[ˈlɪniə(r)][reɪndʒ]线性范围133. linear system [ˈlɪniə(r)] [ˈsɪstəm]线性系统134. natural frequency [ˈnætʃərəl ˈf ri:kwənsi]固有频率135. phase difference [feiz ˈdifərəns]相位差136. piezoelectric effect[paɪˌi:zəʊɪ'lektrɪk] [ɪˈfekt]压电效应137. piezoelectric accelerationtransducer [paɪˌi:zəʊɪ'lektrɪk] [əkˌseləˈreɪʃn][trænzˈdju:sə(r)] 压电式加速度传感器138. piezomagnetic effect[paɪi:zəʊmæg'netɪk] [ɪˈfekt]压磁效应139. pressure transducer [ˈpreʃətrænzˈdju:sə]38. gross [grəʊs] 毛重39. handle[ˈhændl]控制40. hold-over['həʊld'əʊvər] 遗留物41. horsepower[ˈhɔ:spaʊə(r)] 马力42. ignite[ɪgˈnaɪt]点火43. illustrate [ˈɪləstreɪt] 图示44. impose[ɪmˈpəʊz] 施加45. inhale[ɪnˈheɪl]进气46. initial[ɪˈnɪʃl]初始值47. injection [ɪnˈdʒekʃn] 喷射48. injector [ɪn'dʒektə] 喷油器49. intermittent [ˌɪntəˈmɪtənt]断续50. Internal combustion engine[inˈtə:nəl kəmˈbʌstʃən ˈendʒin] 内燃机51. intimate[ˈɪntɪmət] 宣布52. jacket [ˈdʒækɪt] 水套53. lever[ˈli:və(r)] 杠杆54. liner [ˈlaɪnə(r)] 气缸套55. list [lɪst] 清单56. load[ləʊd] 负荷57. major [ˈmeɪdʒə(r)]主体58. mean [mi:n] 均值59. measure [ˈmeʒə(r)] 测量60. mixing['mɪksɪŋ]混合61. offer[ˈɒfə(r)] 提供62. offset[ˈɒfset] 偏移63. opposed [əˈpəʊzd] 对置64. overlap[ˌəʊvəˈlæp] 重叠65. overload [ˌəʊvəˈləʊd] 过载66. particular [pəˈtɪkjələ(r)] 特色67. peak[pi:k] 峰值68. pilot [ˈpaɪlət] 引导69. pin[pɪn] 销70. piston ring[ˈpistən riŋ]活塞环71. piston[ˈpɪstən] 活塞72. plier['plaɪə] 钳子73. propeller [prəˈpelə(r)] 螺旋桨74. puzzle[ˈpʌzl] 疑惑75. radius [ˈreɪdiəs] 半径76. recommend[ˌrekəˈmend] 推荐77. represent[ˌreprɪˈzent] 代表78. reservoir [ˈrezəvwɑ:(r)] 瓶79. resistance [rɪˈzɪstəns] 电阻压力传感器140. relative error[ˈrelətiv ˈerə]相对误差141. sampling[ˈsɑ:mplɪŋ]采样142. sampling frequency[ˈsɑ:mplɪŋ][ˈfri:kwənsi]采样频率143. sampling period [ˈsɑ:mplɪŋ] [ˈpɪəriəd]采样周期144. sampling rate [ˈsɑ:mplɪŋ][reɪt]采样率145. sound field [saund fi:ld]声场146. sound intensity [saund inˈtensiti]声强147. sound intensity level [saund inˈtensiti ˈlevl]声强级148. sound level [saund ˈlevl]声级149. sound pressure [saund ˈpreʃə]声压150. sound pressure level[saund ˈpreʃəˈlevl]声压级151. sound power level[saund ˈpauəˈlevl]声功率级152. span[spæn]量程153. strain[streɪn]应变154. strain effect[strein iˈfekt]应变155. strain gauge[strein geidʒ]应变片156. strain-gauge-typetransducer [streɪn] [geɪdʒ][taɪp][trænzˈdju:sə(r)] 应变式传感器157. step response[step riˈspɔns]阶跃响应158. step response time [step riˈspɔns taim]阶跃响应时间159. thermal radiation [ˈθə:məl ˌreidiˈeiʃən]热辐射160. thermocouple ['θɜ:mə'kʌpl]热电偶161. thermocouple wires thermocouple wires ['waɪəz]热电偶丝162. thermodynamic scale [ˈθə:məudaiˈnæmik skeil]热力学温标163. threshold value [ˈθreʃhəuld ˈvælju]阈值164. time constant[taim ˈkɔnstənt]时间常数165. transducer [trænzˈdju:sə(r)]传感器166. transfer function[trænsˈfə: ˈfʌŋkʃən]传递函数167. transient [ˈtrænziənt]瞬态168. steady state [ˈstedi steit]稳态169. zero drift [ˈziərəu drift]零点漂移170. signal-to-noise ratio[ˈsɪgnəl] [tə]80. revolution[ˌrevəˈlu:ʃn] 转81. ring[rɪŋ]活塞环82. rod [rɒd] 连杆83. satisfactory [ˌsætɪsˈfæktəri] 安全84. scavenge [ˈskævɪndʒ] 扫气85. seal [si:l] 密封86. silencer[ˈsaɪlənsə(r)] 消音器87. skirt[skɜ:t] 活塞裙88. specifications [spesɪfɪ'keɪʃnz]说明书89. spray [spreɪ] 喷洒90. stroke [strəʊk] 冲程91. term[tɜ:m] 术语92. torque [tɔ:k] 扭矩93. travel [ˈtrævl]传播94. turbocharger [ˈtɜ:bəʊtʃɑ:dʒə(r)]增压器95. twist [twɪst] 扭曲96. vaporization [,veipərai'zeiʃən]蒸发97. variable[ˈveəriəbl] 变量98. vehicular [vəˈhɪkjələ(r)] 车辆99. viscosity[vɪ'skɒsətɪ] 粘度100. weld[weld] 焊接101. absolute error [ˈæbsəlju:tˈerə] 绝对误差102. amplitude [ˈæmplɪtju:d]振幅，幅值103. atmospheric pressure [ˌætməˈsferɪk ˈpreʃə]气压104. sensor[ˈsensə(r)]传感器105. biosensor[bi:əʊ'sensər] 生物传感器106. calibration [ˌkælɪˈbreɪʃn]校准，标定107. capacitivetransducer [kə'pæsɪtɪv] [trænzˈdju:sə(r)]电容传感器108. charge amplifier [tʃɑ:dʒˈæmpləˌfaɪə] 电荷放大器109. damping['dæmpɪŋ]阻尼110. damping coefficient [ˈdæmpiŋ ˌkəʊəˈfɪʃənt] 阻尼系数111. delay time [diˈlei taim]滞后时间112. deviation [ˌdi:viˈeɪʃn] 偏差113. error of indication [ˈerə(r)][ˌɪndɪˈkeɪʃn]示值误差[nɔɪz] [ˈreɪʃiəʊ]信噪比171. sensing element [sensɪŋ][ˈelɪmənt]敏感元件172. sensitivity [ˌsensəˈtɪvəti]灵敏度173. sensitivity characteristic [ˌsensɪˈtɪvɪti: ˌkæriktəˈristik]灵敏度特性174. sensitivity drift[ˌsensɪˈtɪvɪti: drift]灵敏度漂移175. sensitivity error[ˌsensɪˈtɪvɪti: ˈerə]灵敏度误差176. sensitivity coefficient [ˌsensɪˈtɪvɪti:ˌkəʊəˈfɪʃənt]灵敏度系数177. response[rɪˈspɒns]响应178. response characteristic[riˈspɔnsˌkæriktəˈristik]响应特性179. response speed [riˈspɔns spi:d]响应速度180. response time[riˈspɔns taim]响应时间181. on -line[ɒn] [laɪn] 在线182. on-line processing[ɒn] [laɪn][ˈprəʊsesiŋ]在线处理183. on-line equipment [ɒn] [laɪn] [ɪˈkwɪpmənt] 在线设备184. on-line real-time processing[ɒn] [laɪn] [ˈri:əl][taɪm] [ˈprəʊsesiŋ]在线实时处理185. in line [in lain]在线186. off line [ɔf lain]离线187. real time [riəl taim]实时188. random error[ˈrændəm ˈerə]随机误差189. systematic error[ˌs istəˈmætik ˈerə]系统误差190. noise [nɔɪz]噪声191. vibration[vaɪˈbreɪʃn]振动192. vibration analyzer[vaɪˈbreɪʃn] ['ænəˌlaɪzə]振动分析仪193. infrared spectrum [ˈinfrəˈred ˈspektrəm]红外光谱194. infrared fiber [ˌɪnfrəˈred] ['faɪbə]红外光纤195. hysteresis error [ˌhistəˈri:sis ˈerə]滞后误差196. hysteresis [ˌhɪstə'ri:sɪs]滞后197. intelligent sensor [inˈtelidʒənt ˈsensə]智能传感器198. flow rate [fləu reit]流量199. flowmeter ['fləʊmi:tə]流量计200. scale[skeɪl]标度尺。

内燃机最常用的200个单词1. Internal combustion engine 内燃机ICE2. atmosphere 空气3. bare 裸露4. bearing 轴承5. bedplate 机座6. blower 压气机7. bolt 螺栓8. brake 刹车9. calorific 热值10. camshaft 凸轮轴11. capacity 电容12. cetane number 十六烷值13. cetane 十六烷值14. charge 充气15. combustion chamber 燃烧室16. combustion 燃烧17. compress 压缩18. connect rod big end 连杆大端19. crank journal 主轴颈20. crankshaft 曲轴21. crown 活塞顶22. curve 曲线23. cylinder 气缸24. diesel 柴油机25. drawbar 挂钩26. dynamometer 测功器27. eliminate 排除28. exert 施加29. exhaust gas driven turbocharger 废气涡轮增压器30. exhaust 排气31. fan 风扇32. film 油膜33. flame 火焰34. frame 机架35. friction 摩擦36. gallon 加仑37. generator 发电机38. gross 毛重39. handle 控制40. hold-over 遗留物41. horsepower 马力42. ignite 点火43. illustrate 图示44. impose 施加45. inhale 进气46. initial 初始值47. injection 喷射48. injector 喷油器49. intermittent 断续50. accessory 附件51. intimate 宣布52. jacket 水套53. lever 杠杆54. liner 气缸套55. list 清单56. load 负荷57. major 主体58. mean 均值59. measure 测量60. mixing 混合61. offer 提供62. offset 偏移63. opposed 对置64. overlap 重叠65. overload 过载66. particular 特色67. peak 峰值68. pilot 引导69. pin 销70. piston ring 活塞环71. piston 活塞72. plier 钳子73. propeller 螺旋桨74. puzzle 疑惑75. radius 半径76. recommend 推荐77. represent 代表78. reservoir 瓶79. resistance 电阻80. revolution 转81. ring 活塞环82. rod 连杆83. satisfactory 安全84. scavenge 扫气85. seal 密封86. silencer 消音器87. skirt 活塞裙88. specifications 说明书89. spray 喷洒90. stroke 冲程91. term 术语92. torque 扭矩93. travel 传播94. turbocharger 增压器95. twist 扭曲96. vaporization 蒸发97. variable 变量98. vehicular 车辆99. viscosity 粘度100. weld 焊接101. absolute error 绝对误差102. amplitude 振幅，幅值103. atmospheric pressure 气压104. sensor 传感器105. biosensor 生物传感器106. calibration 校准，标定107. capacitive transducer 电容传感器108. charge amplifier 电荷放大器109. damping 阻尼110. damping coefficient 阻尼系数111. delay time 滞后时间112. deviation 偏差113. error of indication 示值误差114. frequency response 频率响应115. frequency response characteristic 频率响应特性116. Hall effect 霍耳效应117. Hall element 霍耳元件118. dynamic response 动态响应119. eddy-current 涡流120. eddy-current dynamometer 电涡流测功器121. eddy-current testing 涡流检测122. eddy-current testing instrument 涡流检测仪123. eddy-current thickness gauge 涡流测厚仪124. inductive transducer 电感式传感器125. charge amplifier 电荷放大器126. ammeter 电流表127. voltmeter 电压表128. chromatography 色谱学129. chromatograph 色谱法130. chromatogram 色谱图131. chromatograph 色谱仪132. linear range 线性范围133. linear system 线性系统134. natural frequency 固有频率135. phase difference 相位差136. piezoelectric effect 压电效应137. piezoelectric acceleration transducer 压电式加速度传感器138. piezomagnetic effect 压磁效应139. pressure transducer 压力传感器140. relative error 相对误差141. sampling 采样142. sampling frequency 采样频率143. sampling period 采样周期144. sampling rate 采样率145. sound field 声场146. sound intensity 声强147. sound intensity level 声强级148. sound level 声级149. sound pressure 声压150. sound pressure level 声压级151. sound power level 声功率级152. span 量程153. strain 应变154. strain effect 应变155. strain gauge 应变片156. strain-gauge-type transducer 应变式传感器157. step response 阶跃响应158. step response time 阶跃响应时间159. thermal radiation 热辐射160. thermocouple 热电偶161. thermocouple wires 热电偶丝162. thermodynamic scale 热力学温标163. threshold value 阈值164. time constant 时间常数165. transducer 传感器166. transfer function 传递函数167. transient 瞬态168. steady state 稳态169. zero drift 零点漂移170. signal-to-noise ratio 信噪比171. sensing element 敏感元件172. sensitivity 灵敏度173. sensitivity characteristic 灵敏度特性174. sensitivity drift 灵敏度漂移175. sensitivity error 灵敏度误差176. sensitivity coefficient 灵敏度系数177. response 响应178. response characteristic 响应特性179. response speed 响应速度180. response time 响应时间181. on -line 在线182. on-line processing 在线处理183. on-line equipment 在线设备184. on-line real-time processing 在线实时处理185. in line 在线186. off line 离线187. real time 实时188. random error 随机误差189. systematic error 系统误差190. noise 噪声191. vibration 振动192. vibration analyzer 振动分析仪193. infrared spectrum 红外光谱194. infrared fiber 红外光纤195. hysteresis error 滞后误差196. hysteresis 滞后197. intelligent sensor 智能传感器198. flow rate 流量199. flowmeter 流量计200. scale 标度尺。

活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(一)（GB1883 ）序号中文名词、术语英文名词、术语1 往复活塞式内燃机Reciprocating engine2 二冲程内燃机Two-stroke engine3 四冲程内燃机Four-strokeen gine4 汽油机Gasolineengine5 顶置气门汽油机Overhead-valve engine6 侧置气门汽油机Side-valvengine7 汽油喷射式汽油机Gasoline-injection engine8 顶置凸轮轴内燃机Overhead camshaft engine9 柴油机Dieselengine10 煤气机Gas engine11 柴油煤气机Gas-Diesel engine12 多种燃料内燃机Multi-fuel engine13 低转速柴油机Low-speed Dieselengine14 中转速柴油机Medium-speed Diesel engine15 高转速柴油机High-speedDieselengine16 增压柴油机Supercharged Diesel engine17 低增压柴油机Low-supercharged Diesel engine18 中增压柴油机Medium-supercharged Dieselengine19 高增压柴油机High-supercharged Dieselengine20 超高增压柴油机Superhigh supercharged Dieselengine21 废气涡轮增压柴油机Turbocharged Diesel engine22 机械增压柴油机Mechanical pressure-charged engine23 两级增压柴油机Two stage super-charged engine24 复合式柴油机Compound Dieselengine25 十字头式柴油机Crosshead Diesel engine26 船用挂机Outboardengine27 水冷内燃机Water-coolede ngine28 风冷内燃机Air-cooled engine29 单缸内燃机Single-cylindeenrg ine30 多缸内燃机Multi cylinder engine31 卧式内燃机Horizontalengine32 立式内燃机Vertical engine33 斜置式内燃机34 直列式内燃机In-line engine35 对置气缸内燃机Opposed-cylinder-type engine36 对动活塞内燃机Opposed-pistonengine37U 形内燃机U-pistonengine38V 形内燃机V-engine39W 形内燃机W-engine40X 形内燃机X-engine41 星形内燃机Radialengine42 ▽形内燃机▽-Type engine43 工字形内燃机工-type engine44 王字形内燃机王-type engine往复活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(二)（GB1883 ）序号中文名词、术语英文名词、术语45 气缸直径Cylinderbore46 活塞行程Stroke 47 上止点Top dead centre48 下止点Bottom dead centre49 行程缸径比Stroke-borrea tio50 连杆比Ratio between crank radius andconnecting rod length 51 充量Charge52 工质Working medium53 进气行程Suctionstroke54 压缩行程Compression stroke55 膨胀行程Expansionstroke56 排气行程Exhauststroke57 换气-压缩行程（二冲程）Scavenging-compression stroke 58 膨胀-换气行程（二冲程）Expansion-scavengingstroke59 工作循环Working cycle60 扫气过程Scavenging61 直流扫气Uniflowscavenging62 回流扫气Loopscavenging63 横流扫气Crossscavenging64 扫气泵扫气Scavenging by blower65 曲轴箱扫气Crankcase scavenging66 活塞底泵扫气Under-piston pump scavenging67 进气温度Intaketemperature68 进气压力Intakepressure69 进气涡流Intakeswirl70 排气温度Exhaust-gastemperature71 排气背压Back pressure72 排气烟度Exhaust gas opacity73 充量系数Charging efficiency7474 残余废气系数Residual gas ratio75 扫气利用系数Coefficient of scavenging76 扫气漏失系数77 扫气系数Scavengingfactor78 压缩始点压力Compression beginning pressure79 压缩终点压力Compression end pressure80 压缩始点温度Compression beginning temperature81 压缩终点温度Compression end temperature82 最高燃烧温度Maximum combustion temperature83 膨胀终点温度Expansion end temperature84 膨胀终点压力Expansion end pressure85 平均压力增长率Mean rate of pressure increase86 放热速率Rate of heat release87 燃烧速率Burningvelocity88 火焰传播速度Rate of flame propagation89 表面点火Surfaceignition90 放热规律Regularity of heat release91 过量空气系数Excess air factor92 总过量空气系数Total excess air factor 93 气缸工作容积Piston swept volume 94 总排量Engine sweptvolume95 压缩多变指数Polytropic exponent of compression96 膨胀多变指数Polytropic exponent of expansion97 最高爆发压力Maximum cylinder pressure98 压力升高比Rate of explosion99 初期膨胀比Cut-offr ate100 后期膨胀比Expansionrate101 放热系数Coefficient of heat release102 热平衡Heat balance103 有效功的热当量Mechanical equivalent of heat104 排气热损失Exhaustloss105 冷却热损失Coolingloss106 热平衡余项损失Heat loss as residual term of the heatbalance107 示功图Indicator diagram 108 示功图丰满系数Diagram factor109 扫气过量空气系数Delivery ratio110 空燃比Air-fuerla tio111 扫气效率Scavengingefficiency112 低热值Lower calorificvalue113 空气利用率Rate of air utilization114 热量利用系数Coefficient of heat utilization115 压缩比Compression ratio116 有效压缩比Effective compression ratio117 分子变更系数118 指示功Indicatedwork119 平均指示压力Mean indicated pressure120 指示热效率Indicatedthermalefficiency121 指示热消耗率Indicated specific heat consumption122 工作过程Working process123 压缩空气瓶容量124 指示燃油消耗率Indicated specific fuel consumption125 燃油消耗率Specific fuel consumption126 燃油消耗量Fuelconsumption127 热消耗量Heat consumption128 机油消耗率Specific oil consumption129 机油消耗量Oilconsumption130 空气消耗量Airconsumption131 最低燃油消耗率Minimum specific fuel consumption132 进排气重叠角Valve overlap133 进气持续角Intake valve-opening time134 排气持续角Exhaust valve-opening time135 点火提前角Advance angle of ignition136 进气提前角Intake advance angle137 进气滞后角Intake retard angle138 排气提前角Exhaustadvanceangle139 排气滞后角Exhaust retard angle140 扫气持续角Scavenging port-opening time 141 燃烧持续期Combustion duration 142 滞燃期Ignitiolna g143 显然期Apparent combustion period144 后燃期Afterburning145 早燃Preignition146 回火Back fire147 爆燃Detonation148 工作粗暴Engineroughness149 发火顺序Firingorder150 正时Valve timing往复活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(三)（GB1883 ）序号中文名词、术语英文名词、术语151 燃烧过程Combustion process152 油膜燃烧Film combustion153 空间燃烧Space combustion154 复合燃烧Compound combustion155 混合气形成Mixing156 废气净化Exhaust emission control157 雾化Atomization158 喷油速率Injection rate159 喷油规律Characteristic of fuel delivery160 喷油持续角Fuel injection period161 喷油延迟角Fuel injection lag162 供油提前角Deliverybeginning163 喷油提前角Fuel injection beginning164 换气过程Gas exchangeprocess165 配气相位Valve timing166 残余废气Residualgas167 增压Supercharging168 增压比Pressureratio169 气波增压Comprex supercharging170 增压压力Boostpressure171 废气涡轮增压Turbocharging172 机械增压Mechanicalsupercharging173 复合增压Two stagesupercharging174 定压增压Constantpressure175 脉冲增压Pulseturbocharginsgy stem 176 增压中冷Intercooling 177 增压度Degree ofcharging178 增压器出口温度Supercharger outlet temperature179 脉冲进气Impulse suction往复活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(四)（GB1883 ）序号中文名词、术语英文名词、术语180 时间-面积值/角度-面积值Time area181 积炭Carbon deposit182 结胶Sticking183 敲缸Knock184 气阻Vapour lock185 燃烧室面容比Surface volume ratio186 燃烧室的挤流面积Squish area187 激冷效应Quenching188 燃料当量比Equivalenceratio189 L型燃烧室** Side valve combustion chamber190 楔形燃烧室** Wedge combustion chamber191 盆型燃烧室** Basin type chamber192 F型燃烧室** F-head type combustion chamber193 半球形燃烧室** Semispherical combustion chamber194 开式燃烧室* Open combustion chamber195 分开式燃烧室* Divided combustion chamber196 半开式燃烧室* Semi-divided combustion chamber197 涡流室燃烧室* Swirl chamber type198 预燃室燃烧室* Precombustion chamber type199 直接喷射燃烧室* Direct injection type chamber200* 主燃烧室Main combustion type chamber201* 球型燃烧室Spherical combustion chamber202* ω型燃烧室ωtype chamber203* 盆型燃烧室Dish type chamber204 层状充气Stratificehda rging205 挤压涡流Squishswirl206 螺旋进气道Spiralport207 切向气道Tangentialp ort注释：*指柴油机燃烧室，**指汽油机燃烧室。

MM*Minute*Motor*Medium*Moment*Million*Meter*Mass*Milli*分*马达*中间*力矩*百万*米*质量*千分之一M Mega兆M Meter米M Milli毫M Minute分M*Milliohm百万欧姆M.Mounted(车)载的M..Mark记号M..Mass质量M Medium中,中间,中等,平均;介质e英里M.Motor电动机M.P.S.,eters Per Second米/秒M.T Motor Traction汽车牵引M.T Motor Transport汽车运输M/C Mixture Control混合气控制器M/C Manual Control手控制M/T Manual Transmission手动变速箱M/V Mechanical/Vacuum机械式/真空MA Milliamps毫安MA or MAF Mass Airflow空气流量MAA Motor Agents Association(UK)英国汽车代理商协会MAC.Macadam碎石路MAF Mass Air Flow空气流量计MAF Mass Air Flow Sensor空气流量传感器MAF Mass Air Flow空气流量MAF RTN Mass Air Flow Return空气流量表回路MAFS Mass Airflow Sensor空气流量传感器MAFTS Manifold Air/Fuel Temperature Sensor歧管空气/燃料温度传感器Mag Magnetic磁性的,电磁MAG.Magneto磁电机Maint Maintenance保养MAJ Major大的MAM Medium Automobile Maintenance汽车中修Man Manual手动Man Manifold进气歧管MAN VAC Manifold Vacuum进气歧管真空Man.Stg Manual Steering手动转向系统Man.Trans Manual Transaxle or Transmission手动变速箱MAN.OP.Manually Operated手工操纵(作)的MAP Manifold Absolute Pressure进气歧管绝对压力MAP Manifold Aabsolute Pressure Sensor进气歧管压力传感器MARS Magnetic Electronic AutomaticReservation System电磁自动预售装置MAS Maximum Axle Spacing最大车辆空间MAS Mixture Adjust Screw混合气调整螺丝MAT Manifold Air Temperature歧管进气温度MAT Manifold Absolute Temperature进气歧管绝对温度MAX Maximum最大(高)MAX CAP Maximum Capacity最大容量,最大载重量MB Motor Base机座MC Motorcar汽车,轿车MC Motorcycle摩托车MCA Mitsubishi Clean Air三菱空气净化系统MCC Manifold Catalystic Converter进气歧管触媒转换器MCT Manifold Charge Temperature进气温度传感器MCU Microprocessor Control Unit微处理机控制单元(电脑) MCU Mixture Control Unit混合气调节装置MCV Mixture Control Valve混合比控制阀MCV Manifold Control Valve进气歧管控制阀MD Modulated Displacement可变排气量MEC Motronic Engine Control MOTRONIC引擎控制MECH Mechanical机械的MEM Memory存储器MEM-CAL Memory Calibration Chip存储器校正晶片Mem.Memory内存MEMA Motor and Equipment ManufacturersAssociation(美国)发动机与设备制造协会MEP Mean Effective Pressure平均有效压力Merc Mercury水银Mesg Message讯息,资讯Mess.Message资讯,讯息MF Medium Frequency中波Mfd Microfarads微法拉MFI Mechanical Fuel Injection机械式燃料喷射MFI Multi-Port Fuel Injection多点式燃料喷射MFJ Motorcycle Federation of Japan日本机动车竞技联盟MFWD Mechanical Front Wheel Drive(axle机械式前轮驱动桥MG Machine Gun机枪MHC or MHCV Manifold Heat Control Valve歧管加热控制阀MI Mile英里Mic Microphone扩音器MICS Mitsubishi Intelligent Cockpit System三菱运转环境自动调整系统MIG Metal Inert Gas(Welding)惰气保护金属电弧焊MIL Malfunction Indicator Light故障指示灯MIPS Million Instructions Per Second每秒执行百万次指令Mir Mirror镜子MIRA Motor Industry Research Association(UK)英国汽车工业研究协会MISAR Microprocessed Sensing and AutomaticRegulation微电脑感测及自动调节Mixt.Mixture混合气MKS Meter-Kilogram-Second米-公斤-秒制单位ML Motor Light轻负荷机油(API)MLP Manual Lever Position手动杆位MLUS Modulated Lockup Solenoid锁定调整电磁线圈MM Millimeters毫米MM Motor Moderate中负荷机油(API)MM Millimeter毫米MMC Metal Matrix Composite金属基复合材料MMEE Man-Machine-Environment Engineering人机环境工程MMSE Man-Machine System Engineering人机系统工程MMV Manual Modulation Valve手动调节阀MN Minute分Mod Module模组MON Motor Octane Number汽车辛烷值Mon Monitor监视,监听MOT Ministry of Transport(UK)英国军事运输局MPA Megapascal兆帕MPC Manifold Pressure controlled FuelInjection歧管压力控制燃料喷射MPC Manifold Pressure Control进气歧管压力控制MPC Manifold Pressure Controlled FuelInjection System进气歧管压力控制燃油喷射系统MPFI Multi-Port Fuel Injection多点燃油喷射MPFI Multi-Point Fuel Injection多点燃油喷射MPG Mile Per Gallon每加仑哩程MPH Miles Per Hour每小时英里MPI Multi-Point Injection多点喷射MPV Multi-Purpose Vehicle多用途车MS Mechnic Spark System机电控制式点火装置MS Mixture Strength混合气浓度MS SYSTEM Mechatro Spark System机械-电子式点火正时控制装置MSCD Multiple Spark CapacitorDischarge(ignition system)多火花电容器放电点火系统MT Manual Transmission手动变速箱MTA Managed Thermactor Air热反应器空气控制MTCL Motorcycle摩托车MTD Mounted车载的,乘车的MTR Motorized摩托化的Mtr Motor汽车,马达MTR VEH Motor Vehicle汽车MTRCL Motorcycle摩托车MTRICL Motortricycle三轮摩托车MTRK Motor Truck货车,卡车MTRS Motor Transport Repair Shop汽车修理厂MTZ Motorized摩托化的MV Millivolts毫伏MV Mean Velocity平均速度,平均车速MVI Medium Viscosity Index中点度指示MVIC Mitsubishi Variable Induction Control三菱可变进气系统MVMA Motor Vehicle Manufacturers Association(美国)汽车制造协会MVS Manifold Vacuum Switch歧管真空开关MWA Motor Wheel Brake Assembly汽车车轮制动器总成MWSC Motorcycle With a Sidecar侧三轮摩托车。