职称英语考试综合A完形填空教材原文出处

2016年职称英语《综合A》补全短文教材原文出处-职称英语考试2016年职称英语考试真题及答案专题※手机题库※微信对答案阅读理解改编补全短文Sauna【桑拿浴】Ceremonial bathing has existed for thousands of years and has many forms, one of which is the sauna. The Finns have perfected the steam bath, or sauna, which may be taken, usually in an enclosed room, by pouring water over hot rocks or as dry heat bath. The Japanese, Greeks, Turks and Russians as well as Native Americans have forms of the sweat bath in their bathing rituals. Dry heat and steam baths had advocates in ancient Rome and pre-Columbian Americans used sweat lodges.The earliest saunas were probably underground caves heated by a fire that naturally filled with smoke as chimney making was unknown at that time. a fire kept in a fire-pit would heat the rock walls of the cave. After reaching full heat, the smoke was let out of the cave and the stones would retain heat for several hours. A fewpeople today say that the smoke sauna, “svusauna”, is the only true sauna experience and that all saunas should have at least a background odor or smoke. Today most saunas use electric stoves, although gas and wood-burning stoves are available.Saunas are relaxing and stress relieving. Those with muscle aches or arthritis may find that the heat relaxes muscles and relieves pain and inflammation. Asthma patients find that the heat enlarges air passageways of the lung and facilitates breathing. Saunas do not cure the common cold but t hey may help to alleviate congestion and speed recovery time. The body’s core temperature usually rises a 1-2 degrees while in the sauna, thus imitating a slight fever. The regular use of a sauna may decrease the likelihood of getting a cold in the first place.Sauna is goof for your skin as the blood flow to the skin increases and sweating occurs. Adults sweat about 2 lbs of water per hour on average in a sauna. A good sweat removes dirt and grime from pores and gives the skin a healthy glow. The loss in water weight is temporary as the body’s physiological mechanisms will quickly restore proper volumes. The cardiovascular system gets work out as the heart must pump harder and faster to move blood to the surface for heat exchange. Heart rate may increase from 72 beatsper minute on average to 100-150 beats per minute.A normal heart can handle these stresses but those with heart trouble wishing to begin to use a sauna should seek a doctor’s advice. The elderly and those with diabetes should check with their doctor prior to beginning to take saunas. Pregnant women should not take saunas, particularly in the first three months. Indeed, everyone just starting out should take short sessions at first to become accustomed to this type of bath.文章中文翻译：桑拿浴仪式性的沐浴已经有几千年的历史，并且有多种形式，其中的一种就是桑拿浴。

职称英语《综合A》阅读理解试题及答案职称英语《综合A》阅读理解精选试题及答案阅读理解text oneThe National TrustThe National Trust in Britain plays an increasingly important part in the preservation for public enjoyment of the best that is left unspoiled of the British countryside. Although the Trust has received practical and moral support from the Government, it is not a rich Government department.It is a voluntary association of people who care for the unspoiled countryside and historic buildings of Britain. It is a charity which depends for its existence on voluntary support from members of the public. Its primary duty is to protect places of great natural beauty and places of historical interest.The attention of the public was first drawn to the dangers threatening the great old houses and castles of Britain by the death of Lord Lothian, who left his great seventeenth-century house to the Trust together with the 4,500-acre park and estate surrounding it. This gift attracted wide publicity and started the Trust's "Country House Scheme". Under this scheme, with the help of the Government and the general public, the Trust has been able to save and make accessible to the public about one hundred and fifty of these old houses. Last year about one and three quarters, of a million people paid to visit these historic houses, usually at a very small charge.In addition to country houses and open spaces the Trust now owns some examples of ancient wind and water mills, nature reserves, five hundred and forty farms and nearly two thousandfive hundred cottages or small village houses, as well as some complete villages. In these, villages no one is allowed to build, develop or disturb the old village environment in any way and all the houses are maintained in their original sixteenth-century style. Over four hundred thousand acres of coastline, woodland, and hill country, are protected by the Trust and no development or disturbances of any kind are permitted. The public has free access to these areas and is only asked to respect the peace, beauty and wildlife.So it is that over the past eighty years the Trust has become a big and important organization and an essential and respected part of national life, preserving all that is of great natural beauty and of historical significance not only for future generations of Britons but also for the millions of tourists who each year invade Britain in search of a great historic and cultural heritage.31. The national trust is aA. government agency depending on voluntary service.B. non-profit organization depending on voluntary service.C. government department but is not rich.D. private organization supported by the government.32. The National Trust is dedicated toA. preserving the best public enjoyment.B. providing the public with free access to historic buildings.C. offering better services to visitors home and abroad.D. protecting the unspoiled countryside and historic buildings.33. We can infer from Paragraph 2 that Lord LothionA. donated all his money to the Trust.B. started the Country House Scheme.C. saved many old country houses in Britain.D. was influential in his time.34. All the following can be inferred from the passage exceptA. the Trust is more interested in protecting the 16 century houses.B. many people came to visit the historic houses saved by the Trust.C. visitors can get free access to some places owned by the Trust.D. the Trust has a history which is longer than 80 years.35. The word "invade" in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning toA. come in without permission.B. enter with invitation.C. visit in large number.D. appear all of a sudden.text twoThe Sandwich GenerationToday people often look forward to their middle age as a time when they will be able to take things easier. After their children are grown, they expect to enjoy the life they have worked hard to create. However the reality is often very different. In middle age, many people discover that they have two ongoing responsibilities: one is to look after their aging parents, and the other is to help their young adult children deal with the pressures of life. Around the world, there are millions of people who are "sandwiched" in between the older and the younger generations. Sometimes there may be two or three generations living in the same household -- a situation that is common in many Asian countries and in some parts of Europe. In other cases, a couple may be taking care of parents and children, but they do not livewith them.There are two important reasons for the rise of the sandwich generation. First, people are living longer than they used to. In the early nineteenth century, the average life expectancy for adults in the United States, for example, was about 40, whereas today people live to an average age of 75. Therefore, children are taking care of their parents over a longer period of time. The second reason is that these days, young adults often live with their parents for a longer time than they did in the past. This is often for financial reasons. It's also more common for today's young adults to return home during or after college if they need financialor emotional support.People who take care of elderly parents often face difficult issues. They may have to cover expenses that their parents cannot. They may have to manage their parents, financial and legal affairs. They may have to prepare for their parents, future needs, such as special medical care or a move to a nursing home. This can be a traumatic experience for everyone.Caring for adult children presents challenges as well, and caregivers have to resolve important questions: How can financial responsibilities be shared among members of the household? How can household chores be shared? What is the best way to ensure everyone's privacy? Successfully coping with these issues can avoid a lot of stress for the whole family.The financial and emotional pressures on the sandwich generation can be overwhelming.However, this time in life also has its rewards. It can be a time to rediscover the special qualities of one's parents or children. It can also provide a valuable opportunity to spend more time withthem.However, in order to survive this difficult period in their lives, the members of the sandwich generation must remember that they also need to pay attention to their own needs and look after the quality of their own lives. They can't be totally selfless.41. According to the first paragraph, many people in middle ageA. can't enjoy their life as they have expected.B. are able to take things easier when their children are grown.C. can't enjoy their life because they haven't worked hard enough.D. are facing great pressure from their work.42. Which is true about the sandwich generation?A. Their parents are unable to take care of themselves.B. Their parents are often facing the pressures of life.C. They all have to live with their parents and children.D. They are torn between the responsibilities for their parents and children.43. Why do some young adults choose to live with their parents these days?A. They are too young to be independent from their parents.B. They want to help their parents to take care of their aging grandparents.C. They need support from their parents to deal with their financial problems.D. They are more emotional than the young adults in the past.44. The sandwich generation face the following challenges EXCEPTA. sharing household chores.B. determining who is the caregiver of the family.C. ensuring everyone's privacy.D. shouldering the financial responsibilities of the household.45. To survive the difficult period in their lives, the sandwich generation need to_________.A. be totally selfless.B. rediscover the merits of their children.C. value the time spent with their parents.D. consider their own well-being.下载文档。

职称英语历年真题《综合A》完形填空精选职称英语历年真题《综合A》完形填空精选称英语完形填空作为一种传统题型，在考试中也占有重要的地位。

下面是网提供应大家关于职称英语历年真题《综合A》完形填空精选，希望对大家的备考有所帮助。

The list of ills attributable to obesity keeps growing: Last week, obese people were aused of causing global warming.This(51) es from Sheldon Jacobson of the University of Illinois, US, and a doctoral student, Laura McLay. Their study (52) how much extra gasoline is needed to haul fat Americans around. The answer, they say, is a billion gallons of gas per year. It(53) an extra 11 million tons of carbon dioxide.There has been(54) for taxes on junk food in recent years. US economist Martin Schmidt suggests a tax on fast food(55) to people's cars." We tax cigarettes partly because of their health cost," Schmidt said. "Similarly, leading a lazy life style will end (56) costing taxpayers more."US political scientist Eric Oliver said his first instinct was to laugh at these gas and fast food arguments. But such(57) are getting attention.At the US Obesity Society's annual meeting, oneperson(58) obesity with car aident deaths, and anothercorrelated obesity with suicides. No one asked whether there was really a cause-and-effect relationship. "The funny thing was that everyone took it (59)."Oliver said.In a 1960s study, children were(60) drawings ofchildren with disabilities and without them, and a drawing of an obese child. They were asked(61) they would want for a friend? The obese child was picked last.Three researchers recently repeated the study(62) college students. Once again, (63) no one, not even obese people, liked the obese person. "Obesity was stigmatized." The researchers said.But, researchers say, getting (64) is not likequitting smoking. People struggle to stop smoking, and, in the end, many sueed. Obesity is different. But, not because obese people don't care. Science has shown that they have limited personal control over their weight.Genes also (65)a part.51. A. studyB. projectC. experimentD. conclusion52.A. doubtsB. reportsC. calculatesD. reviews53.A. turnsB. meansC. saysD. costs54.A. callsB. criesC. soundsD. noises55.A. deliveredB. paidC. spentD. collected56.A. upB. inC. withD. by57.A. answersB. talksC. claimsD. laughs58.A. mixedB. correlatedC. contactedD. involved59.A. seriouslyB. wellC. hardD. greatly60.A. boughtB. capturedC. shownD. made61.A. whatB. whereC. whyD. which62.A. seeingB. helpingC. usingD. surveying63.A. aboutB. asC. almostD. like64.A. criticalB. tallC. thinD. confident65.A. decideB. playC. produceD. use51.D。

职称英语考试综合类A类真题答案：完形填空2011年职称英语考试已于3月26日结束，2011年职称英语考试综合类A类真题答案：完形填空据了解，2011年职称英语综合类A级完形填空出现很多换空的情况，现附上2011年职称英语综合类A级完形填空题目，供考生参考。

Sex change surgery guidelines draftedChina is set to 1 its first clinical guideline on sex-change surgery, according to a notice put on the website of the Ministry of Health yesterday.The ministry is now soliciting public and professional opinions on the draft guideline. The coming guideline aims to regulate and standardize sex reassignment surgery, part of a treatment for gender identity disorder in transsexuals.Experts 2 nearly 2,000 Chinese have undergone sex-change surgery while 100,000 to 400,000 are still considering it. However, no official number is available. In the draft, the MOH sets 3 Criteria for both surgical candidates and medical institutions.Candidates for the surgery must be older than 20 and single, the draft guideline said. They are also required to prove a persistent desire for a sex change, to live for at least five consecutive years full-time in the new gender role, and to engage 4 mental therapy for at least one year.Before surgery can take place, a candidate must receive a recommendation for the operation from a __5__ after an appropriate series of therapy sessions.Also, several legal requirements 6 be met before the procedure. The candidate must provide proof from police that he or she has does not have any criminal offenses in the past.The candidate must provide proof from police that he or she has does not have anycriminal offenses in the pastPolice must also agree to change the sex status on the identity card of the 7 receiver before the operation can take 8The advent of such a guideline 9 to show that the government is concerned 10 the needs of a relatively small 11 of people who want to change sex.But doctors also warn that all stakeholders, including the hospital and prospective receivers, should be highly cautious about this surgery.The operation is more than a medical procedure due 12 its huge social and legal consequences. Doctors should make it clear to those __13__ sex-change surgeries that the option always remains to continue to live in the original role. The guideline requires surgeons to tell patients about other options 14 hormone therapy, They are also required to explain the risks involved, and underlying social barriers including discrimination, and administrative recognition and approval.For the candidates, the surgery itself is not the big issue 15 the long run. The real issue is the kind of life he or she will have to lead afterward.练习：1. A. issue B. provide C. withdraw D. bring about2. A. boast B. estimate C. blame D. offer3. A. maximum B. minimum C. less D. few4. A. I B. into C. on D. onto5. A. physicist B. chemist C. psychologist D. geologist6. A. can B. must C. may D. cannot7. A. respective B. prospect C. expecting D. prospective.8. A. position B. location C. place D. scene9. A. believes B. is believed C. is believing D. believed10. A. about B. with C. around D. of11. A. numeral B. figure C. digit D. number12. A. in B. with C. to D. into13. A. seek B. seeking C. sought D. have sought14. A. as B. such that C. as such D. such as15. A. in B. on C. under D. blow换空内容，已经标为“红色”。

职称英语原文（综合A完型填空）特别说明：原文来自于职称英语教材综合类补全短文第十二篇第十二篇：Obesity Causes Global WarmingThe list of ills attributable to obesity keeps growing: Last week, obese people were accused of causing global warming.This conclusion comes from Sheldon Jacobson of the University of Illinois, US, and a doctoral student, Laura McLay. Their study calculates how much extra gasoline is needed to haul fat Americans around. The answer, they say, is a billion gallons of gas per year. ____1____There has been calls for taxes on junk food2 in recent years. ____2____”We tax cigarettes partly because of their health cost,” Schmidt said. “Similarly, leading a lazy life style will end up costing taxpayers more.”US political scientist Eric Oliver said his first instinct was to laugh at these gas and fast food arguments. But such claims are getting attention.At the US Obesity Society’s annual meeting, one person correlated obesity with car accident deaths, and another correlated obesity with suicides. ____3____”The fu nny thing was that everyone took it seriously.” Oliver said.In a 1960s study, children were shown drawings of children with disabilities and without them, and a drawing of an obese child. They were asked which they would want for a friend? ____4____Three researchers recently repeated the study using college students. Once again, almost no one, not even obese people, liked the obese person. “Obesity was stigmatized.” the researchers said.But, researchers say, getting thin is not like quitting smoking. People struggle tostop smoking, and, in the end, many succeed. Obesity is different. But, not because obese people don’t care. ____5____Genes also play a part.词汇：obese /甂’bi: s/ adj.肥胖的correlate /’k爂夀氂攀椀琀/v.与……相联系stigmatize /’stigm琂愀椀稀/ v.侮辱haul /haul/v.运输stigma /’stigm/ n.坏名声注释：1.carbon dioxide：二氧化碳2.junk food：垃圾食品3.cause-and-effect relationship：因果关系练习：A A meager diet may keep you thin.B It means an extra 11 million tons of carbon dioxide.C The obese child was picked last.D US economist Martin Schmidt suggests a tax on fast food delivered to people’s cars.E Science has shown that they have limited personal control over their weight.F No one asked whether there was really a cause-and-effect relationship.答案与题解：第十二篇：Obesity Causes Global Warming1.B第二段讲到Sheldon Jacobson和Laura McLay在一项研究中计算了运送美国胖子一年需要多消耗10亿加仑的汽油。

2013年到2015年职称英语综合A出自教材文章汇总职称英语考试在2014年之前，都会从职称英语教材中选取两篇文章作为真题，一篇阅读理解，一篇完形填空，而且阅读理解就是从教材的阅读理解里面出题，完形填空也是从教材中的完形填空出题。

2014年职称英语考试开始改革，跨级别跨类别跨题型出题。

2015年职称英语出题，依然延续2014年职称英语出题风格。

2016年职称英语出题，应该依然延续跨题型出题风格。

在此为2016年职称英语A类考生总结一下从2014年到2015年职称英语综合A 从教材出题情况，分析一下这几年职称英语综合A出题难易程度。

预测一下2016年职称英语综合A出题情况。

职称英语综合A从2013年到2015年从教材选取文章汇总阅读理解完形填空2013年Why So Many Children Family History2014年综合A阅读判断第十四篇+The National Trust 综合A补全短文第十二篇Obesity Causes Global Warming综合B概括大意与完成句子第六篇* How We Form First Impression2015年综合教材A级补全短文第14篇The Sandwich Generation）综合教材A级阅读理解第49篇The Beginning of American Literature综合教材A级概括大意与完成句子第11篇Is there a way to keep the Britain'seconomy growing规律总结：2013年职称英语综合A从教材中选取了2篇文章，一篇阅读理解，一篇完形填空。

有原题。

没有跨题型出题。

难度级别低。

2014年职称英语综合A从教材中选取了3篇文章。

阅读理解从教材中选了2篇文章，一篇综合A的阅读判断，一篇综合B的概括大意与完成句子。

完形填空选取的是补全短文的文章。

属于跨类别跨题型出题。

2014年是职称英语第一年改革，考生没有准备，所以尽管从教材选取了三篇文章，但是考生没有复习到，难度级别高。

XX职称英语《综合A》完形填空试题及答案The whale is a mammal (哺乳动物) --warm-blooded, air-breathing, giving birth to its young alive, sucking them--and, like all mammals, originated on land. There are many signs of this.(1) front flippers (鳍肢), used for steering and stability, are traces of feet.Immense strength is built into the great body of the big whales, and in fact most of a whale's body is one gigantic muscle. The blue whale's pulling (2) has been estimated at 400 horsepower. One specimen was reposed to have (3) a whaling vessel for seven hours at the (4) of eight knots.An enraged whale will attack a ship. A famous(5) ofthis was the fate of whaler Essex, which was sunk(6) the coast of South America early in the last century. More recently, steel ships have had their plates buckled (扭曲变形) in the same way. Sperm whales were known to(7) the old-time whaleboats in their jaws and crush them.The greatest mystery of whales is their diving ability. The sperm whale can (8) the bosom for his favorite food, the octopus (章鱼). (9) that search he is known to go asfar down as 3,200 feet, where the pressure is 1,400 pounds to the square inch. Doing(10) he will remain submerged (水下的 ) as long as one hour. Two feats (绝技) are involvedin this: storing up enough (11) (all whales are air-breathed) and withstanding the great change in pressure. Just(12) he does it scientists have not determined. It is believed that some of the oxygen is stored in a special system of blood vessels, rather than just held in the lungs. And (13) is believed that a special kind of oil in his head is some sort of pensating mechanism that automatically adjusts the internal pressure of his body. But (14) youcan't bring a live whale into the laboratory for study, no one (15) just how these things work.1.A. TheirB. It'sC. TheirsD. Its2.A. strengthB. widthC. heightD. length3.A. eatenB. crashedC. towed (拖)D. lifted4.A. distanceB. rateC. voyage5.A. pictureB. filmC. exampleD. book6.A. offB. of C. aboveD. over7.A. hitB. seizeC. damageD. kick8.A. fly toB. jump onC. dive toD. crawl on9.A. InB. OnC. ByD. At10. A. soB. suchC. aboveD. the same11. A. waterB. oxygenC. energy12. A. whatB. whoC. howD. which13. A. itB. heC. sheD. there14. A. because ofB. due toC. sinceD. owing to15. A. municatesB. knowsC. hearsD. developsEric Brown hates shopping. "It's just not enjoyable to me," said the 28-year-old Chicago man who was carrying several shopping bags along the city's main street, Michigan Avenue. "When I'm out(1), I basically know what I want to get. I rush in. I buy it. I (2). "Common wisdom says that guys hate to Shop. You can ask generations of men. But people who study shopping say thata number of social, cultural and economic factors are now(3) this "men-hate-to-shop" notion." (4) social class, ethnicity, age, men say they hateto shop," says Sharon Zukin, a City University of New York sociology professor. "Yet when you ask them deeper questions, it turns out that they (5) to shop. Mengenerally like to shop for .(6), music and hardware. Butif you ask them about the shopping they do for books or music, they'll say "Well, that's not shopping. That's (7)."In other words, what men and women call "buying things" and how they approach that task are (8).Women will(9) through several 1,000-square-metre stores in search of the perfect party dress. Men will wander through 100 Intemet sites in search of the(10)digital camcorder.Women see shopping as a social event. Men see it as a mission or a(11) to be won."Men are frequently shopping to win," says Mary Ann McGrath, a marketing professor at Loyola University of Chicago. "They want to get the best deal. They want to get the best one. The last one and if they do that it(12) them happy."When women shop, "they're doing it in a way where they want(13) to be very happy," says McGrath. "They're kind of shopping for love."In fact, it is in clothing where we see a male-female(14) most clearly. Why,grumble some men, are all male clothes navy, grey, black or brown? But would they wear Light green and pink?These days, many guys wear a sort of "uniform", says Paco Underhill, author of "Why We Buy", "It's been hard for them to understand what it means to be fashion-conscious in a business way. It bees much, much easier if you (15) your range of choices."1.A. playingB. fishingC. shoppingD. traveling2.A. get outB. stay inC. look roundD. move about3.A. confirmingB. challengingC. provingD. supporting4.A. Regardless ofB. Because ofC. Owing toD. Thanks to5.A. wantB. likeC. hateD. hope6.A. coatsB. pantsC. socksD. books7.A. relaxationB. restC. exerciseD. research8.A. similarB. inclusiveC. contradictoryD. different9.A. wanderB. goC. walkD. run10. A. cheapB. fashionableC. presentableD. perfect11. A. taskB. playC. gameD. destination12. A. bringsB. causesC. makesD. keeps13. A. everybodyB. nobodyC. anybodyD. no one14. A. petitionB. parisonC. divisionD. confrontation15. A. broadenB. expandC. extendD. narrow。

第十一篇Migrant WorkersIn the past twenty years, there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another. ___1___some newly independent countries have understandably restricted most jobs to local people, others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers. This is particularly the case in the Middle East1, ___2___increased oil incomes have enabled many countries to___3___|outsiders to improve local facilities. ___4___the Middle East has attracted oil-workers from the USA and Europe. It has brought in construction workers and technicians from many countries, ___5___South Korea and Japan.In view of the difficult living and working conditions in the Middle East,2___6___it is not 6 that the pay is high to attract suitable workers. Many engineers and technicians can earn atleast___7___money in the Middle East as they can in their own country, and this is a major attraction. An allied benefit is the low taxation or complete lack of it.3 This increases the net amount of pay received by visiting workers and is very popular with them.Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating advantage. ___8___the difficult living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to depend on eachother___9___safety and comfort. ___10___, many migrant workers can save large sums of money partly ___11___the lack of entertainment facilities. The work is often complex and full of problems but this merely presents greater challenge engineers who prefer to findsolutions___12___problems rather than do routine work in their home country.One major problem which___13___migrant workers in the Middle East is that their jobs are temporary ones. They are nearly always on contract, so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence. This is to be expected since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents.___14___, migrant workers accept this disadvantage, along with others, because of the___15___financial benefits which they receive.词汇：migrant 移民的allied 与此相关的taxation / 税，税款compensate 补偿routine 日常的注释：1.This is particularly the case in the Middle East...：中东地区目的情况尤为如此……2.In view of the difficult living and working conditions in the Middle East...：由于中东地区艰苦的生活和工作条件……in view of 是个短语，表示原因或理由。

职称英语考试真题之综合A完形填空（1篇）职称英语考试真题之综合A完形填空 1Family HistoryIn an age when technology is developing faster than ever before, many people are being attracted to the__________ (51) of looking back into the past. One way they can do this is by__________ (52) their own family history. They can try to __________ (53) out more about where their families came from and what they did. This is now a fast-growing hobby, especially in countries __________ (54) a fairly short history, like Australia and the United States.It is one thing to spend some time __________ (55) through a book on family history and to __________(56) the decision to investigate your own family's past. It is quite another to__________(57) out the research work successfully. It is easy to set about it in a disorganized__________ (58) and cause yourself many problems which could have been__________(59) with a little forward planning.If your own family stories tell you __________ . The most important thing, though, is to get started. Who __________ (65) what you might find?51. A. chain B. attention C. idea D. interest52. A. recordingB. creatingC. investigatingD. rewriting53. A. putB. findC. setD. get54. A. ofB. inC. forD. with55. A. seeingB. goingC. followingD. ing56. A. acceptB. reachC. leaveD. make57. A. workB. figureC. carryD. turn58. A. bodyB. wayD. event59. A. avoidedB. missedC. lostD. escaped60. A. whenB. whyC. thatD. what61. A. upB. awayC. offD. over62. A. possibilityB. reasonC. questionD. example63. A. playB. startC. liveD. breakB. roadC. wayD. track65. A. worriesB. knowsC. believesD. realizes51.C。

2015年职称英语综合A级原文出处(完形填空) 第四十九篇The Beginning of American LiteratureAmerican has always been a land of beginnings. After Europeans “discovered” America in the fifteenth century, them ysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life, an escape from poverty and persecution, a chance to start again. We can say that,as nation, America begins with that hope. When, however, does American literature begin?American literature begins with American experiences. Long before the first colonists arrived, before Christopher Columbus, before the Northmen who “found” America about the year 1,000, Native Americans lived here. Each tribe’s literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daily life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of lining with the land. Another kind of experience, one filled with fear and excitement,found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain, French and English. In addition, the journals of the people who livedand died in the New England wilderness tell unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years.Experience, then, is the key to early American literature. The New World provided a great variety of experiences, and these experiences demanded a widevariety of expressions by an even wider variety of early American writers. These writers, included John Smith, whospent only two-and- a-half years on the American continent. They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd, who thought of themselves as British subjects, never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own. American Indians, explorers, Puritan ministers, frontier wives, plantation owner — they are all the creators of the first American literature.更多职称英语考试免费资料请访问“新东方在线职称英语频道”。

职称英语考试真题综合类A完形填空(教材原文)An Early Form of Jazz MusicMusic comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own. At the turn of the last century, ____1 jazz was born , America had no prominent ____2 of its own. No one knows exactly when was invented or by whom. But it began to be ____3____ in the early 1890s. Jazz is America’s contribution to____4_____ music. In contrast to classical music, which __5__ formal European traditions, jazz is spontaneous and free in form1. It bubbles with energy, __6__ the moods, interests, and emotions of the people. In the’ 1920s jazz __7__ like America. And so it does today. The __8__ of the music are as interesting as the music itself. American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today, were the jazz pioneers. They were brought to the Southern states __9__ slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long hours. When a Negro died his friends and relatives __ 10 ___ a procession to carry to body to the cemetery. In New Orleans, a band often accompanied the 11 . On the way to the cemetery the band played slow, solemn music, suited to the occasion. __12__ on the way home the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Death had removed one of their number2, but the living were glad to be 13__. The band played 14 music, improvising on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes3 15 __ at the funeral. This music made everyone want to dance. It was an early form of jazz.词汇：Jazz n. 爵士乐spontaneous adj.自发的bubble v. 充溢Negro n.黑人plantation n.种植园procession n. 行列、队伍cemetery n.公墓improvise v. 即兴注释：1. jazz is spontaneous and free in form 爵士乐是自发的，不拘形式。

2020年职称英语《综合A》完形填空教材原文出处阅读理解改编完型Hypertension Drugs Found to Cut Risk of Stroke【发现高血压药品可降低中风的危险】Australian doctors declared Monday that a cocktail of simple antihypertensive drugs can lower the risk of patients suffering a repeat stroke by more than a third. This is the result of their research. The research, presented at amedical conference in Italy over the weekend, has been valued highly as a major breakthrough in stroke prevention.Strokes kill 5 million people a year, and more than 15 million suffer non-fatal strokes that often leave them with useless limbs, slurred speech and other serous disabilities. One in five stroke survivors goes on to have a second, often fatal, stroke within five years of the first.An international six-year study of 6,100 patientsdirected from Sydney University found that by taking twoblood pressure-lowering drugs, the risk of secondary strokes can be reduced by up to 40 per cent. Even taking one of the commonly available drugs can cut the risk by a third, thestudy said. The drugs are the diuretic indapamide and the ACE inhibitor perindopril, better known by its brand name Coversy. The combination was effective even in patients who did not have high blood pressure, the researchers said. They even found that the risk of another stroke could be cut by three quarters among the one-in-10 patients who had suffered acerebral hemorrhage, the worst type of stoke, where there is direct bleeding into the brain.Stephen McMahon, who presented the research at the Milan congress of the European Society of hypertension, said about 50 million people were alive who had suffered at least one stroke. “If most of those patients were able to get access to this treatment, it would result in maybe the avoidance of half a million strokes a year,” the professor told Australia’s ABC Radio.McMahon said doctors had long known that lowering the blood pressure of those with hypertension could help prevent strokes. “What we have shown for the first time is that it does not really matter what your blood pressure is; if you have had a stroke, the lowering blood pressure will produce large benefits, to begin with—even for people whose blood pressure is average or below average,” he said.McMahon said the Milan gathering had heralded the research as a “major breakthrough in the care of patients with strokes—perhaps the biggest step forward that we have made in the last couple of decades. ”文章中文翻译：发现高血压药品可降低中风的危险澳大利亚的医生于周一宣布，一种由简单抗高血压药品组成的合剂能够减轻中风患者三分之一以上的重复发作的危险。

特别说明：综合完形填空需要准备的篇目较多，记忆难度大，且每年都会存在大量换空的情况，（我们会有应对策略，对于此题型文章不用太多关注，重点先放在阅读理解重点文章的内容熟悉，至少要知道每一段的中文意思是什么——可参考翻译，问题都问了些什么。

考A 的同学顺带看下B、C的文章，考B的同学顺带看下C的文章）综合A 完型填空(押题篇目教材原文,共五篇)+第十一篇School LunchResearch has shown that over half the children in Britain who take their own lunches to school do not eat (1) __ in the middle of the day. In Britain schools have to (2) __meals at lunchtime. Children can (3) __ to bring their own food or have lunch at the school canteen.One shocking (4) __ of this research is that school meals are much healthier than lunches prepared by parents. There are strict (5) __ for the preparation of school meals, which have to include one (6) __ of fruit and one of vegetables, as well as meat, a dairy item and starchy food like bread or pasta. Lunchboxes (7) __by researchers contained sweet drinks, crisps and chocolate bars. Children (8) _ twice as much sugar as they should at lunchtime.The research will provide a better (9) __ of why the percentage of overweight students in Britain has (10) __in the last decade. Unfortunately, the government cannot(11) __ parents, but it can remind them of the (12) __value of milk, fruit and vegetables. Small changes in their children's diet can (13) __their future health. Children can easily develop bad eating (14) __ at this age, and parents are the only ones who can (15) __it.词汇：Canteen / kæn'ti:n / n.食堂，小卖部starchy / 'stɑ:tʃi / adj. (食物)含有大量淀粉的注释：1. ... twice as much sugar as ...：……2倍的糖分……2. it can remind them of the ... ：提醒他们关于……练习：1. A) appropriately B) properly C) probably D) possibly2. A) give B) provide C) make D) do3. A) prefer B) manage C) want D) choose4. A) finding B) number C) figure D) factor5. A) standards B) procedures C) conditions D) Ways6. A) piece B) portion C) bowl D) kilo7. A) examined B) found C) taken D) investigated8. A) take B) contain C) consume D) consist9. A) view B) knowledge C) understanding D) opinion10. A) increased B) expanded C) extended D) added11. A) criticise B) instruct C) order D) tell12. A) nutritional B) healthy C) positive D) good13. A) damage B) predict C) destroy D) affect14. A) behaviours B) styles C) attitudes D) habits15. A) prevent B) define C) decide D) delay答案与题解：1. B 本句意为“在英国超过一半以上的儿童将午餐带到学校去吃而不是在中午饭点正常吃”此处需要有“正当地，得体地”意思的副词。

2020年职称英语《综合A》补全短文教材原文出处阅读理解改编补全短文Sauna【桑拿浴】Ceremonial bathing has existed for thousands of years and has many forms, one of which is the sauna. The Finns have perfected the steam bath, or sauna, which may be taken, usually in an enclosed room, by pouring water over hot rocks or as dry heat bath. The Japanese, Greeks, Turks and Russians as well as Native Americans have forms of the sweat bath in their bathing rituals. Dry heat and steam baths had advocates in ancient Rome and pre-Columbian Americans used sweat lodges.The earliest saunas were probably underground caves heated by a fire that naturally filled with smoke as chimney making was unknown at that time. a fire kept in a fire-pit would heat the rock walls of the cave. After reaching full heat, the smoke was let out of the cave and the stones would retain heat for several hours. A few people today say thatthe smoke sauna, “svusauna”, is the only true sauna experience and that all saunas should have at least a background odor or smoke. Today most saunas use electric stoves, although gas and wood-burning stoves are available.Saunas are relaxing and stress relieving. Those with muscle aches or arthritis may find that the heat relaxes muscles and relieves pain and inflammation. Asthma patients find that the heat enlarges air passageways of the lung and facilitates breathing. Saunas do not cure the common cold but t hey may help to alleviate congestion and speed recovery time. The body’s core temperature usually rises a 1-2degrees while in the sauna, thus imitating a slight fever. The regular use of a sauna may decrease the likelihood of getting a cold in the first place.Sauna is goof for your skin as the blood flow to the skin increases and sweating occurs. Adults sweat about 2 lbs of water per hour on average in a sauna. A good sweat removes dirt and grime from pores and gives the skin a healthy glow. The loss in water weight is temporary as the body’s physiological mechanisms will quickly restore proper volumes. The cardiovascular system gets work out as the heart must pump harder and faster to move blood to the surface for heat exchange. Heart rate may increase from 72 beats per minute on average to 100-150 beats per minute.A normal heart can handle these stresses but those with heart trouble wishing to begin to use a sauna should seek a doctor’s advice. The elderly and those with diabetes should check with their doctor prior to beginning to take saunas. Pregnant women should not take saunas, particularly in the first three months. Indeed, everyone just starting out should take short sessions at first to become accustomed to this type of bath.文章中文翻译：桑拿浴仪式性的沐浴已经有几千年的历史，并且有多种形式，其中的一种就是桑拿浴。

2012年职称英语考试（综合类A级）完形填空原文及译文目录+11 School Lunch（学校午餐） (1)+12 A Powerful Influence（强大的影响） (2)+13 The Old Gate（古老之门） (2)+14 Family History（家族史） (3)+15 Helen and Martin（海伦和马丁） (4)+11 School Lunch（学校午餐）研究显示，在英国超过一半以上的儿童将午餐带到学校去吃而不是在中午饭点正常吃。

英国学校在午餐时间会正常提供午餐，孩子们可以选择带餐过去或者在食堂就餐。

在此项研究中，一项令人震惊的发现显示，学校提供的午餐比家长准备的更加健康。

学校午餐有着严格的准备标准：包括一份水果、一种蔬菜和肉、奶制品以及含有大量淀粉的食物，如面包、意大利面食。

然而被检查的学生自带的饭盒中含有甜饮料、薯条和巧克力棒。

学生摄取的糖分是他们应当在午餐中摄取的2倍。

这份调查研究对为什么在过去的十年中英国学生的超重人数上升提供了一个更好的解释。

但不幸的是，政府不能批评家长但却可以提醒他们牛奶、水果、蔬菜的营养价值。

孩子们饮食上小小的改变可能会影响他们未来的健康。

孩子们在这样的年龄段很容易养成坏习惯，家长却是唯一能够阻止这件事发生的人。

Research has shown that over half the children in Britain who take their own lunches to school do not eat (1) properly in the middle of the day. In Britain schools have to (2) provide meals at lunchtime. Children can (3) choose to bring their own food or have lunch at the school canteen.One shocking (4) finding of this research is that school meals are much healthier than lunches prepared by parents. There are strict (5) standards for the preparation of school meals, which have to include one (6) portion of fruit and one of vegetables, as well as meat, a dairy item and starchy food like bread or pasta. Lunchboxes (7) examined by researchers contained sweet drinks, crisps and chocolate bars. Children (8) consume twice as much sugar as they should at lunchtime.The research will provide a better (9) understanding of why the percentage of overweight students in Britain has (10) increased in the last decade. Unfortunately, the government cannot (11) criticize parents, but it can remind them of the (12) nutritional value of milk, fruit and vegetables. Small changes in their children's diet can (13) affect their future health. Children can easily develop bad eating (14) habits at this age, and parents are the only ones who can (15) prevent it.+12 A Powerful Influence（强大的影响）毫无疑问，互联网给我们的生活带来了巨大改变，家长们担心孩子们在网上花费大量的时间，在他们的课余时间几乎不做其他事情。

为了⽅便⼴⼤学员更好的备考职称英语考试，考试⼤外语站点编辑特收集整理了2008年职称英语真题之综合类A级完型填空，希望能帮助学员有效复习。

2008年职称英语真题之综合类A级完型填空: 第6部分：完型填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分) 下⾯的短⽂有15处空⽩，请根据短⽂内容为每处空⽩确定1个选项。

The Greatest Mystery of Whales The whale is a mammal(哺乳动物)⼀warm—blooded，air-breathing，考试⼤giving birth to its young alive，sucking them—and，like all mammals，originated on land，There are many signs of this．________(51)front flippers(鳍肢)，used for steering and stability，are traces of feet。

Immense strength is built into the great body of the big whales，and in fact most of a whale’s body is one gigantic muscle。

The blue whale’s pulling________ (52)has been estimated at 400 horsepower．One specimen was reported to have________ (53) a whaling vessel for seven hours at the________ (54)of eight knots． An enraged whale will attack a ship．A famous________ (55)of this was考试⼤ the fate of whaler Essex，which was sunk________(56)the coast of South America early in the last century．More recently ,steel ships have had their plates buckled(扭曲变形)in the same way．Sperm whales were known to________ (57)the old—time whaleboats in their jaw sand crush them． The greatest mystery of whales is their diving ability．The sperm whale can________ (58)the bottom for his favorite food，the octopus(章鱼)．________ (59)that search he is known to go as far down as 3，200 feet，where the pressure is 1，400 pounds，to the square inch．Doing________ (60)he will remain submerged(⽔下的)as long as one hour．Two feats(绝技)are involved in this：storing up enough________ (61)(all whales are air-breathed)and withstanding the great change in pressure．Just________(62)he does it scientists have not determined．It is believed that some of the oxygen is stored in a special system of blood vessels，rather than just held in the lungs。

Racial PrejudiceIn some countries where racial prejudice is acute,violence has been taken for granted as a means of solving differences; and this is not even questioned.There are countries__where__ (51)the white man imposes his rule by brute（粗暴的）force; there are countries where the black man protests by_setting__ (52)fire to cities and by looting and pillaging(抢劫）. Important people on both sides,who would appear to be reasonable men,get up and calmly argue in__favor__(53)of violence as if it were a legitimate（合法的）solution,__like__ (54)any other.What is really frightening,what really__fills__(55)you with despair,is the realization that when it comes to the crunch（关键时刻）,we have made no actual __progress_(56)at all.We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint,but our instincts remain basically unchanged.The whole of the recorded__history__(57)of the human race,that tedious documentation of violence,has taught us absolutely nothing.We have still not learnt that__violence__(58)never solves a problem but makes it more acute.The sheer horror,the bloodshed and the suffering__mean__(59)nothing.No solution ever comes to__light__(60)the morning after when we dismally（阴郁地）contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us.The truly reasonable men who__know__(61)where the solutions lie are finding it harder and harder to get a hearing. They are despised,mistrusted and even persecuted__by__(62) their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement.If half the energy that goes into __violent__(63)acts were put to good use,if our efforts were directed at__cleaning__(64)up the slums and ghettos（贫民窟）,at improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all,we would not have gone a long way to__arriving__(65)at a solution.译文：种族偏见在一些种族偏见极为严重的国家，暴力已经开始理所当然地成为解决分歧的一种手段；这甚至都不会受到质疑。

职称英语考试综合类(A级)试题及答案8第6部分：完形填空(第51~65题，每题1分，共15分)下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个选项。

Sending E-mails to ProfessorsOne student skipped class and then sent the professor an e-mail(51)for copies of her teaching notes.Another(52)that she was late for a Monday class because she was recovering from drinking too much at a wild weekend party.At colleges and universities in the US,e-mail has made professors more approachable(平易近人).But many say it has made them too accessible,(53)boundaries that traditionally kept students at a healthy distance.These days,professors say,students seem to view them as available(54)the clock,sending a steady stream of informal e-mails.“The tone that they take in e-mails is pretty astounding(令人吃惊的),”sai d Michael Kessler,an assistant dean at Georgetown University.“They’ll(55)you to help:‘I need to know this.’”“There’s a fine(56)between meeting their needs and at the same time maintaining a level of legitimacy(正统性)as an (57)who is in charge.”Christopher Dede,a professor at the Harvard Graduate School of Education,said(58)show that students no longer defer to(听从)their professors,perhaps because they realize that professors’(59)could rapidly become outdated.“The deference was driven by the (60)that professors were all-knowing sources of deep knowledge,”Dede said,and that notion has(61).For junior faculty members,e-mails bring new tension into their work,some say,asthey struggle with how to(62).Their job prospects,they realize,may rest in part on student evaluations of their accessibility.College students say e-mail makes(63)easier to ask questions and helps them learn.But they seem unaware that what they write in e-mails could have negative effects(64)them,said Alexandra Lahav,and associate professor of Law at the University of Connecticut.She recalled an e-mail message from a student saying that he planned to miss class so he could play with his son.Professor Lahav did not respond.“Such e-mails can have conseque nces,”she said.“Students don’t understand that (65)they say in e-mail can make them seem unprofessional,and could result in a bad recommendation.”51.A.providing B.offering C.supplying D.askingplained B.argued C.explained D.believed53.A.removing B.moving C.putting D.placing54.A.about B.around C.at D.from55.A.control B.shout C.order D.make56.A.requirement B.contradiction C.tension D.balance57.A.teacher B.instructor C.lecturer D.professor58.A.e-mails B.passages C.texts D.books59.A.technology B.expertise C.science D.imagination60.A.tradition B.sense C.notionD.meaning61.A.strengthened B.weakened C.reinforced D.consolidated62.A.ask B.question C.respond D.request63.A.him B.her C.you D.it64.A.on B.against C.in D.about65.A.this B.which C.that D.what2007年度职称外语等级考试标准答案英语—综合类A卷(A级)1.B2.C3.A4.D5.A6.B7.D8.A9.C10.C11.A12.B13.D14.C15.A16.A17.B18.A19.A20.C21.C 22.C23.B24.C25.E26.F27.B28.C29.A30.E31.B 32.D33.A34.D35.C36.B37.D38.B39.C40.A41.D 42.A43.B44.C45.D46.F47.E48.D49.C50.B51.D 52.C53.A54.B55.C56.D57.B58.A59.B60.C61.B 62.C63.D64.A65.D。