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设备管理——WinCC给你神助功要实现“设备高效”，就必须“管之有道”，来自设备层的数据支撑将是必不可少的，提高设备效能的2个关键在于降低平时停机时间(MDT) 和提高平均无故障时间(MTBF)。
通常来说，设备维护可大致可分为三个层次：纠正性维护，预防性维护和预测性维护。
设备出现故障后，工厂经常面临缺乏有效的手段，快速识别故障原因，结果花费大量人力、时间排查，造成长时间停机。
WinCC与PLC硬件控制系统的全集成，为用户提供系统诊断和过程诊断功能，如：某个远程I/O站点的一个模拟量模块出现了系统故障，可能造成整个庞大复杂的控制系统停运，维护人员只需在WinCC的客户端，甚至手机上查看，就能知道是哪个模块出现问题，而无需挨个挨个打开电控柜去查。
对于过程故障，WinCC不但能识别故障现象，也有能力识别真正的原因，如：按下水泵的启动按钮，现象是水泵并没有启动起来，真正的故障原因可能是因为前端的电动阀出现机械故障，未能打开到位，不满足水泵的启动条件，而不是水泵本身出现故障。
总之，WinCC可以有效地帮助用户缩短故障排查的时间，提高纠正性维护的效率。
为了避免非计划停机，很多工厂都有预防性的维护保养，但大多数由于条件所限，也只是简单地基于固定时间间隔来执行，如每个季度的第1天全厂停厂检修；但是，当生产有高峰低谷时，这种维护计划就无法动态地适应生产状态，可能造成维护不足或保养过度。
WinCC的PM-MAINT设备管理选件，可以根据预定义的设备运转时间周期和负荷自动触发维护请求，如：压机累计工作1000个小时，需要更换润滑油，或累计生产了10万个工件后，需要更换模具，都会自动的创建维护工单。
工单可以关联•设备信息，包括：固资号、设备生产商、设备供应商等信息。
•维护人员信息，包括：人员资质、资格、工时成本等。
•材料、工具、备件信息，包括：类型和材料成本等。
•设备文档库，包括：拆装指导视频，设计图纸，使用手册等。
维护的工作流程也变得系统化了，各环节在平台上都可以跟踪追溯。
外文原文Wincc in heating supply stapply stations Constant Pressure Monitoring System Application onstant voltage supply basic working principleSystem uses Automatic Frequency Control regulation or pump motor speed. Plus or minus pump.It is primarily by the Frequency Control System.PID regulator,pressure sensors,liquid level sensor power control circuits and other conponents.Host users control system or control board light over-the-counter transactions,buttons,switchto understand and control system operation,Based on the PID control mode,the operator interface settings in water pressure,PLC to pressure settings and measured values for the deviation PID operation and regulation of distribution through inverter pump speed,so that water pressure was maintained at the set value.System hanlware configurationThe system uses Siemens S7-200 PLC and its configuration software constitute a constant WinCC V6.0 Water pressure control system,water pressure monitoring process.Industrial Etherical controller for PLC and the operator station computer communication between the Remote I/O network for the PLC and the operator station completer communication between the Remote I/O network for the PLC controller and inverter,the soft starter of communication between equipment.PLC controller mainly used to monitor and control water and electricity systems.For1#-4#pressurized pump converter using the ABB Acs510-01-031A4 inverter,HMI operationalism selection DELL computers,computer,Industrial Ethernet server card Siemens conmmunications company CP1612.Software design of SystemThe control system software company Siemens PCS7V5.2 package,STEP7V5.2 PLC controller mainly used to monitor and control water and electricity systems.For 1#~4# pressurized pump converter using the ABB ACS510-031A4 inveter,HMI operatorstation selection DELL puter,Industrial Ethernet server card Siemens communications company Cp1612Software design of SystemThe control system software company Siemens PCS7V5.2 package.STEPV5.2PLC controller.HMImonitoring system used WinCCV6.0 version.HMI server and operating station are using the Windows2000 operating system to have an open programming environment.Heating Sation Wincc configuration control software maior constant pressure water system and coal Gallery in two parts.Implemention of the system of automatic detection and automatic control.Detection constant pressure water and coal Gallcry equipment operation parameters.the real-time data acquisition.uploads.real-time data acquisition.uploads,real-time display and recording.Control unit operation.fault alarm and automatic parking operation .Theconstant pressureof water supply pressure system configuration parameters.real-time monitoring regulatory pressure pumps water pressure and so valued.CoalHanding Gallery in to control the volume.of coal to speed,to monitor the quality of coal (coal crushing degree of quality and impurity).PLC-Based Fuzzy Constant water suppl;y system design constant pressure water system components.From the water supply system programmable controller,inverter,pressure transmiter,and the constact group on the pump unit and other components.Programmable controller selection of AB ControlLogix system.It includes Logix5550 controller,analog input modules,digital input and output modules and communication modutes.Which analog input modute used to test the water pressure on the export signal,digital input module and valves Kai stopped.Inverselection of AB 1336 Plus Inverter.Inverter and Devi2 cenet controller though the network for communication.Constant Pressure Water PrincipleThe outlet channel of pressure sensor installation will export water pressure signals are converted to electrical signals,send PLC fuzzy inference operation,the output control signals to the converter,regulating the operation of pump motor speed,until the actual elimination of hydraulic pressure and set the deviation,constant voltage supply. Programmable controller can control pumps Kai stopped. When the system started working,inverter control from start on 1st pump frequency operation. If users increased consumption of the converter output frequency up to 50 Hz,the pressure will still be less than the set value,then after some time delay,on the 1st of thepump switching frequency operation; Inverter start again on the 2nd pump operation. If pressure is less than the set value,they will be on the 2nd to pump switching frequency operation; Inverter start again on the 3rd pump operation until the output pressure settings to achieve so far. However,if users to reduce water consumption,in accordance with the “Kai-stop”principle will be followed with pumps. This cycle repeatedly to achieve constant pressure water system.Fuzzy2PI control algorithmAs the water supply system in many areas (such as the pipe network and pumps) nonlinear,time-varying,and the variables still exist between the cross-coupling,so it is difficult to establish a precise mathematical system model. For such a complicated process that merely using the conventional PID control is difficult to achieve the desired control. Fuzzy control is not dependent on the mathematical model and the right parameters sensitive to the merits,Fuzzy used to control the water supply system,we can improve the control system dynamic performance. But Fuzzy Control System steady-state performance is poor,this design of a dual-mode Fuzzy2PI control,As shown in figure 2,and its design thinking is; when the pressure is greater error when using fuzzy control,to obtain good transient; When the pressure on the stead-state error into smaller,switched to process from PI control,to obtain good steady precision. PI control algorithms and fuzzy control algorithms are PLC,switching time by a computer program based on prior to the error autormatically.The system uses two-input single-output fuzzy controller. to pressure the desired value and the measurement of e error and the error as a fuzzy controller input linguistic variables,transducer frequency variation u language as output variables. To e error,the error rate ec and control volume u fuzzy subset of ( NB,NS,ZE,PS,PB) and they quantified the domain of seven grades,(-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3). Fuzzy subset of the membership function used triangle. Initial experience of fuzzy control rules,as shown in table 1. Under these rules calculation of the total fuzzy relation R:Where x,U fuzzy relationship matrix on behalf of the “Cartesian” and the “and”operator. According minimax inference rules synthesis of output variables language domain of fuzzy sets U:U Finally,the weighted average method used for solutions vague and fuzzyvolume U converted into precise amount u. The process is carried out offline,eventually Fuzzy Control Table,as shown in table 2. This form of the PLC memory storage,real-time control,fuzzy control would streamline the process for finding inquiries on the questionnaire process.Parametric Selection of Frequency-water systema reasonable selection pressure control parameters constant pressure to achieve energy-supply system. The realization of is this objective the key is pressure control parameter selection,usually pipe network pressure control point two choice: a pipe network is the most negative pressure on constant pressure control and the other is the constant pressure pump outlet.pressure control. How will the two choices,we have to analyze simple Network pressure on the most disadvantaged constant,the water pipe network by QMAX reduced to Q1,pumps reduce speed,and water characteristic curve of A (unchanged) at the intersection point C,pump characteristic curve downward,network pressure on the most disadvantaged H0. And the pump outlet pressure constant pressure control,Ha unchanged,reduce water consumption by QMAX QI and Ha to pay to point B,water characteristic curve upward A through B,the network most disadvantaged Hb pressure into points. Hb-H0 lift the poor namely,energy waste,so I chose the most disadvantaged network points for the smallest head pressure control parameters. Formation pressure on the closed-loop control system,making the pump speed and PID regulator set pressure match,achieve maximum energy-saving effect,but the constant pressure to achieve the purpose of water supply.the converter and put into operation after the commissioning of the system to ensure optimum operation of the state means necessary. According to the inverter load inertia size of the start and stop the motor when the time is not the same,Set time is too short to be accelerated when the inverter overcurrent,overvoltage decelerating protection; Set time will lead to excessive speed converter running in the system become regulate slow,delayed response,contingency ability is poor. Yi system at the state short-term instability. To protect the converter is not tripping,the scene of many of them using converter increases deceleration time setting too long,the problems they bring very easily be the appearance of the normal equipment and hide,but theconverter operating in less-than-optimal state. So the scene when used according to the load driven by a different nature,testing out the permission of the shortest load increases deceleration time,setting. For the pump motor,plus deceleration time in the choice between 0.2-20 seconds.In the high-end market,PLC and industrial PC something together,because the industrial PC in the data integration and communication capabilities to the user a lot of temptation.PC also introduced Ethernet TCP / IP network and interconnection with the concept of the Internet. But now,PLC manufacturers can claim,"If you want this,we can do."European leader in the PLC,Siemens A & D and Schneider Electric,provides a powerful high-end controller family,regardless of PLC or industrial PC,and at the same time promoting the field of PLC and industrial PC development.The recent announcement by Siemens S7-400 PLC series of significant performance increase,the CPU performance of the previous 3 times the communications capacity is 2 times the previous.Siemens is still the most high-end of the S7-400 series,an increase of another innovation: communications processor with integrated 4-port Ethernet switch. The need for external switch,the Ethernet can be used for small-scale model of the economy. However,the communications processor real difference is that from now on it is a higher stage of development to middle-class,at a higher stage,Siemens will use high-end PLC and integrated Profinet V3 switch external devices,can provide real-time control.Schneider Electric has developed a substantial high-end CPU's performance,the introduction of the new Unity software programming,XML data format. In the embedded web server and multi-port communication,the new functions of the CPU more and more like PC.Integrated design of the platformMitsubishi Electric PLC will be the further development of 2-3 years,and now the horizon: multi-processor and system platform. "From the users point of view means that function blocks can be placed on a plate",PLC and network of expertsbelieve that Hugh Tasker,"These can include standard PLC technology,but a mix of motion control and process control,or full-featured PC performance,the use of SCADA or local program SoftHMI technology. "The development of what is it? In his view,the users,the biggest benefit is the simplified control system. "Do not have to integrate a lot of PLC,they are connected,and then operation and maintenance,and now many of the system will reduce the number of PLC,and even the introduction of a. This can greatly save time for installation and maintenance,the durability of the whole system is also more .He also speculated the future,"in a very long period of time,Bluetooth technology and wireless Ethernet technology will be more extensive. It will first start in a small area,but in terms of reliability,durability and easy acceptance will be improved,manufacturers will be likely to seek the application of wireless technology may one day even the most basic cable they have not been saved.B & R Automation is a supplier of control products,the provision of industrial PC,but compared to other PLC manufacturers,which in the field of PLC is also quite a long time. But they never dwell on the PC and the PLC Which Which weak strong together in the common development. B & R and now see the development of some opportunity,perhaps both to the continuous integration of technology."In the past few years,the classic development of programmable logic controller has always been to the embedded PC technology development," B & R Business Manager Anton Meindl think,"PC technology has its advantages - the enormous computing power,and the Internet The combination of technology,fast Ethernet and USB interface,can combine the traditional advantages of the PLC system,such as practical,durable and strong,and modularity. "Omron's PLC + InverterOmron introduced its first AC inverter 3G3MV,can be used for motion control product lines. Applicable to small-scale motor control (0.1 to 7.5 kW). It allows users to choose non-sensor vector control can provide high torque at low speed in the output frequency of 1 Hz was also able to guarantee 150 percent of torque. Also has the I / O and communication functions.However,in November last year,it increased by another function,it can be someunusual,an increase of Omron PLC Plug & Play modules used,and not just an annex,is a complete PLC,equivalent to the standard Omron CPM2C -S PLC. The use of dual-port RAM,PLC and inverter direct the I / O,data and associated parameters. PLC has its own I / O,can provide data directly to the inverter: input encoding,interrupt output,as well as digital,and PWM output pulse.Omron believes that this combination of products for the network or provide an ideal control program,to meet the location and sequence context in the precise control requirements,but also for manufacturing of multi-step production lines and intelligent packaging conveyor lines.Omron PLC + The combination of inverter,if the order for the pump controller,in the composition of the three pump hydraulic control system. PLC + converter combination of the first pump of the closed-loop continuous control,the other two pipes connected in parallel to the pump on / off control. Man-machine interface (MMI) can monitor SMS wireless signal can be sent to maintenance personnel.PAC in the United StatesIn the United States,market strategy and sometimes even more than the technology itself attention in 2003,the industry there is a new popular vocabulary: Programmable Automation Controllers (Programmable Automation Controller,PAC).Terms of the new ARC Advisory Group from the market research company Craig Renick,he thought,"PLC is very active and well-developed,with a strong vitality. However,PLC an effective tool for this industry is changing many aspects,and continuously increase its charm. automation suppliers are committed to the development of PLC in order to meet market and special user needs. functional enhancements to a new series of the surface of the system. PAC based on open industry standards,features a multi-field,General open platforms and high performance. ARC coin the term,in order to help user-defined applications to help manufacturers when talking about their products more clearly.Whether manufacturers will be the product name changed from the PLC to PAC,remains to be seen. However,GE Fanuc has not the slightest hesitation,they immediately accepted the concept of PAC,but also show in Hanover publicly announced that its new flagship product known as the PACSystems. GE Fanuc nameused to express a combination of its traditional PLC products and the advantages of PC hardware with a common programming environment,Cimplicity Machine Edition software. There is a separate software-controlled engine,a development tool,multi-goal programming hardware. Hardware includes not only the two new PACSystems processor,including GE Fanuc Automation to other products,such as Tablet PC,Embedded PC,MHI and its new motion control system of the S2K."PACSystems control on behalf of industry innovation,which enables centralized control,rather than have nothing to do all the parts together," GE Fanuc Automation (Europe) John Pritchard. Believe that the "one engine,with a development tool,the user can make use of powerful engineering environment for multiple applications. "PAC you have I haveNovember 2003 Rockwell announced that its technology for the PAC leader,and its products ControlLogix and CompactLogix PLC fact that PAC."We have seen the user data control system of unlimited enthusiasm,the user can collect security,finance,quality assurance procedures,and other information," that Ken Deken,Rockwell Automation,"to meet the requirements of users,users need to control the between business systems and the direct contact information at all times. "He believes that,with the constant development,PAC will be a lot of ways to deal with data and with scalability in multi-project control,integrated business systems analysis and life cycle cost management can march forward.Each equipment always will not forget a button, it also is at we meet the urgent circumstance use of, which is nasty to stop the button. When we meet the Human body trouble and surprised circumstances we as long as press it, the machine stops all operations immediately, and wait for processing the over surprised empress recover the operation again. Nasty stop the internal I/ O of the internal CPU of the button conjunction PLC to connect up, be to press button an exterior to trigger signal for CPU, the CPU carries on to the I/ O to examine again, being to confirm to have the exterior to trigger the signal, CPU protection the spot breaks off procedure counts the machine turn the homologous exterior I/ O automatically in the procedure to go to also, be exterior interruption procedure processing complete, the procedure counts the machine to return the main procedure to continue to work. Have 1:00 can what toexplain is we generally would nasty stop the button of exterior break off to rise to the tallest Class, thus guarantee the safety. 360毕业设计网When we are work a work piece, giving the PLC a signal, counting PLC inner part the machine add 1 to compute us for a day of workload, a count the machine and can solve problem in brief, certainly they also can keep the data under the condition of dropping the electricity, urging the data not to throw to lose, this is also what we hope earnestly.The PLC still has the function that the high class counts the machine, being us while accept some dates of high speed, the high speed that here say is the data of the in all aspects tiny second class, for example the bar code scanner is scanning the data continuously, calculating high-speed signal of the data processor DSP etc., we will adopt the high class to count the machine to help we carry on count. It at the PLC carries out the procedure once discover that the high class counts the machine to should of interruption, will let go of the work on the hand immediately. The trapezoid diagram procedure that passes by to weave the distance again explains the high class for us to carry out procedure to count machine would automatic performance to should of work, thus rise the Class that the high class counts the machine to high one Class.The PLC development has already entered for network ages of correspondence from the mode of the one, and together other works control the net plank and I/ O card planks to carry on the share easily. A state software can pass all se hardwires link, more animation picture of keep the view to carries on the control, and cans pass the Internet to carry on the control in the foreign land, the blast-off that is like the absolute being boat No.5 is to adopt this kind of way to make airship go up the sky.Knowing the available PLC network options and their best applications will ensure an efficient and flexible control system design.外文翻译Wincc在供热站恒压供水监控系统中的应用恒压供水基本工作原理系统采用变频调速方式自动调节谁笨点击转速或加、减泵。
PLC和WINCC在供热控制系统的应用刘喜梅;郭静;褚衍贺【摘要】研究了以下位机S7-300系列PLC和上位机WinCC为核心的供热控制系统.其硬件主要由SIEMENS S7-300 PLC、MM430变频器组成,完成变频恒压供水的控制任务和现场的数据采集.并由WinCC6.0组态软件完成系统的监控.实际运行表明,该系统提高了供热水系统的稳定性与可靠性,减轻了工人劳动强度,实现了节能降耗.%The heating control system which uses S7-300 as subordinate computer and WinCC as supervisory computer is introduced. Its hardware consists of SIEMENS S7-300 PLC and MM430 converter to fulfill the task of variable frequency constant pressure water-supply and field data collection. Industry supervision software WinCC 6. 0 can achieve the task of monitoring. Practical operation demonstrates that the stability and reliability of the water supply system have been improved and the labor intensity of workers is reduced. The purpose of saving energy and reducing consumption has been realized.【期刊名称】《青岛科技大学学报（自然科学版）》【年(卷),期】2011(032)004【总页数】6页(P415-419,425)【关键词】PLC;变频器;WINCC监控;供热【作者】刘喜梅;郭静;褚衍贺【作者单位】青岛科技大学自动化与电子工程学院,山东青岛266042;青岛科技大学自动化与电子工程学院,山东青岛266042;青岛科技大学自动化与电子工程学院,山东青岛266042【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TP273城市供热是城市基础设施之一，是保证城市经济发展，居民正常过冬的必要条件。
西门子S7_400与WinCC在镀锌退火炉控制系统中的应用【摘要】邯宝冷轧厂的产品未来将主要面向高档汽车板和家电板。
作为邯宝冷轧厂的重要生产部门，对其产品的技术性能有着非常严格的要求，这就需要对生产设备的各个参数有着非常精确的控制。
通过S7-400控制器及WINCC组态软件的应用，实现了集中可视化监控，保证了生产操作的可靠、稳定，大大减少了设备故障，为生产合格的冷硬卷奠定了基础。
【关键词】集中可视化监控镀锌退火炉冗余功能WinCC1 工艺流程镀锌线退火工艺段由立式退火炉、镀后冷却段、终冷段组成。
采用了利用烟气余热加热保护气体喷射预热带钢、全辐射管加热和均热、箱式窄缝喷嘴喷吹保护气体快速冷却和镀后空气喷射冷却等技术。
WinCC是西门子公司开发的基于Windows环境下解决生产和过程自动化、可视化信息显示的人机接口组态软件。
利用WinCC强大的图形编辑器功能可以实现镀锌生产线退火炉工艺流程图、参数设置图、历史曲线图、报警信息等各种画面的制作。
2 控制系统构成及网络通讯基础自动化控制系统中央处理器使用S7-400的PLC型号为CPU417-4，S7-400机架中配置以太p冗余功能通过在WinCC的Redundancy选项中激活冗余功能（Activate Redundancy）来实现。
WinCC项目配置为多用户模式（Multi-user），并且工作在时钟同步方式下，将该系统内所有具有时钟的站点都工作在相同的时间系统上。
运行过程中2台服务器（SE01，SE02）相互监控，当SE01发生故障时，所有的客户端自动进行切换，连接到正常运行的SE02。
当SE01上的故障处理完成后，在故障期间的归档记录会从SE02自动复制到SE01中，从而保证了服务器数据的同步。
4 监控操作画面的设计4.1 画面设计监控操作画面的制作原则是在实用、便于操作的前提下尽量保持美观。
系统画面主要由操作画面、报警画面、历史曲线画面组成。
根据镀锌加热炉的系统结构及程序结构将监控操作画面又划分为总体布局、烟气系统、冷却系统、燃烧系统、气氛控制系统、电加热系统、炉区供辅系统、合金化炉系统8个部分。
基于WinCC组态软件和S7-300 PLC的五效降膜蒸发器自动控制系统的设计何瑛【摘要】针对果汁行业中物料蒸发浓缩时传热效率高，受热时间短等特点，为了进一步提高节能降耗指标和生产效率，该文以某果汁厂的五效降膜蒸发器控制系统工程项目为背景，阐述了五效降膜蒸发器的工艺流程，进行了控制回路的设计，给出了控制系统的硬件集成方案，重点运用西门子组态软件WinCC和Step7 V5.5软件开发了蒸发器系统的工艺界面和下位机程序。
该系统具有实时动态显示和操作功能，能够实现果汁厂蒸发浓缩的工艺流程再现，并能实现对现场设备的远程操作控制，减轻了劳动强度，提高了生产效率。
%When the material of the juice industry is concentrated by evaporation, the system has some characters of a high heat transfer efficiency, a short heating time. To improve production efficiency and energy saving targets, the paper based on five-effect falling film evaporator project background in a juice factory control system, has elaborated five-effect falling film evaporator process, designed its con-trol loop, and has given the control system hardware integration solutions, especially, focusing on the use of Siemens WinCC configuration software and the software development process Step7 V5 . 5 , it has devel-oped the evaporator system interface and lower computer program. The system has some functions of real-time dynamic display, operating reducing labor intensity and improving production efficiency, has a-chieved a concentrated fruit juice evaporation process, and has achieved remote operation control.【期刊名称】《工业仪表与自动化装置》【年(卷),期】2015(000)002【总页数】5页(P64-68)【关键词】五效降膜蒸发器;冗余;组态软件;PLC【作者】何瑛【作者单位】西安航空职业技术学院人事处，西安 710089【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TP273蒸发的过程是在向系统输入一定热量条件下的溶液浓缩(对于某些应用是溶剂回收)的过程。
