商务英语writing-module1

Useful language from Module 1Wordlistattend flextime networking shift work company freelance part-time socialising consultancy group produce specialise in control in charge of report to success deal with involved in responsible for teleworking department job-sharing run tempingExpressionsDo you two know each other already?Have you always lived in...?How do you do?How do you know him?I deal with...I specialise in...I usually report to...I work for...I'd like to introduce you to...I'm in charge of...I'm involved in...I'm responsible for...Is that something you might be interested in...?Is this your first time at...?May I join you?Nice to meet you...Please to meet you too.So have you enjoyed...?We were both at (name of company) together.We've spoken on the phone a few times.Would you like a...?Yes, it was very interesting.You've a colleague of..., aren't you?Module 1.1 Ways of workingDifferent ways of workingV ocabulary1 Put students into pairs or small groups to discuss how they work most effectively.AlternativeIf you teach pre-work learners, write this list of questions on the board to help them discuss the points more easily:How do you study English most effectively?By working... - at the same time every day/ at different times of the day?- early in the morning/ late at night?- on your own/ with others?- at home/ at your place of study (school or college)?2 Students match the terms to the definitions. If you teach students who are in work, or perhaps also work part-time, ask if any of them are familiar with these ways of working, eg ask them:Would it be possible to telework in your job?How would you feel about job-sharing?Have you ever suggested to your boss the idea of flextime?Answers1 F2 H3 A4 G5 C6 I7 D8 EPronunciationRead the following words aloud and ask students to underline the word stress or stressed word: freelance, teleworking, consultancy, flextime. Afterwards, drill the students and make sure they can pronounce the words properly. Note also that two-part words like job-sharing, shift work, part-time,hot-desking carry virtually equal stress in both words.ExtensionAsk the class which ways of working they would like to try.3 Students match the comments to the different ways of working.Possible answersFreelance, temping, consultancy:It's great because I'm my own boss but I still get to work with lots of different people.Teleworking:It can get a bit lonely at times. And I miss my colleagues and all the office gossip.Job-sharing:When one of us wants a week off, the other person does a few extra days so it's fairly flexible.Shift work:The only problem is sleeping. Your body never knows if it's night or day!Part-time, teleworking:My children are at school so it lets me spend more time with them.Temping:I like it because it's only for a couple of months and I'm saving my money to go round the world.Hot-desking:I wish I had my own space. I have to carry everything around in my bag and sometimes there's nowhere to sit.4 Put students into groups to discuss more advantages and disadvantages. If time is short, give each group one way of working. Collate their ideas on the board in a table as shown below.Possible answersPossible Possibleadvantages disadvantages freelance you choose the job no job security teleworking organise your work you need to be good time at self-organisation job-sharing more free time need to coordinatewith other person shift work gives you your days tiringfreepart-time more free time less money temping lots of variety hard to progressyour career consultancy well paid no job security flexitime good for work-life not good for peoplebalance who like routine hot-desking saves the company disruptive tomoney employeesHow to job-shareReading5 Ask students to read the whole text before they put the headings with the correct paragraphs. Tell them that they won't need to understand every word to complete this reading task.Answers1 Open your mind2 Plan for disaster3 Get organised4 Set your limits5 Put pen to paper6 Don't feel guilty7 Two become one 6 Students can discuss these two questions as a class. Refer them to the Exam Success tip about question 6.Extension 1Put students into pairs. Student A is the employee and Student B is the employer. Tell them to imagine Student A wants to start job-sharing with another colleague. They must try to convince their employer that it is a good idea and mention the advantages. Student B should be skeptical and mention disadvantages. Set a time limit of three minutes for each conversation. Then students change partners and swap roles.Extension 2After reading the Exam Success tip, ask students to think of possible questions in pairs and then write everyone's ideas on the board. Finally, you can ask students to work in pairs. One student pretends to be an examiner and ask some of the questions. The other student tries to answer them. At this early stage of the course, focus on the positive aspects of their responses in your feedback. The main aim is for students to be introduced to the idea that they will have to be able to talk on many different areas of business in the exam.Working from homeListening1) 1.1 You may need to play the recording twice for students to listen and take notes.Answers1 Have a timetable and stick to it.2 Advantages:- you spend more time with the children- more flexibility- the company saves money on office space- no commutingDisadvantages:- sometimes you work in the evening- you miss people and office news.1.1 Listening scriptI=Interviewer M=MichelaI OK, Michela. You work from home now. Can you tell me about a typical day?M Sure, I always get up around seven and the first thing I do is get the kids ready for school. I take them at eight thirty and then I always start work at nine.I Do you ever have a day where you decide to have the morning off and start work later?M No, you can't do that. It's important with home-working to have a timetable and stick to it. If you end up watching TV or doing the cleaning then it isn't for you. So I have lunch at twelve and finish work at two thirty to get the children.I Was that why you gave up your office job?M Yes, I wanted to spend more time with the children. It gives me more flexibility. Sometimes I need to work in the evening but usually it isn't a problem.I So how long have you been doing this kind of work? M For about five years. I've been with the same company since I left school, but with the Internet and technology it's easy now to be at home.I So your employer doesn't mind.M No. It means the company saves money on office space and as long as I get the work done, they're happy. Sometimes I still go into work to meet clients and so on. For example, I'm going in nearly every day this week because we have visitors from another company and I can't really invite them over to my house. Besides, it's nice to go in every so often. I like to see people and catch up on the gossip and the news with my colleagues.I miss that side of going into work every day.I Is there anything else you miss?M Ermm. No, not really. And I'll tell you what I really don't miss and that's having to spend two hours commuting on the bus and train every day...2) 1.1 Play the record again. Students complete the notes.Answers1 7:00 - get up, get the kids ready8:30 - take kids to school9:00 - start work12:00 - have lunch14:30 - finish work2 She's been with her current employer since she left school, but she's been home-working for five years.3 She's going to the office every day to meet visitors.Present tensesGrammar3) Students match the sentences to the explanations. Tell them that the sentences come from the listening. Answers1 B2 D3 A4 C4) Students name the tenses in exercise 3.Answers1 Present simple2 Present perfect continuous3 Present perfect simple4 Present continuousPhotocopiable activity 1.1See page 1605) Refer students to the Grammar Tip and clarify that state verbs are usually in the simple form. As students write the verb forms in the text, refer them to page 128 in the Grammar Reference at the back of the Student's Book.Answers1 need2 communicate3 have escaped4 have been working5 have been6 'm working7 answerA mini-presentationSpeakingRefer students to the Exam Success tip. Make sure students realise that the task is similar to Part Two of the Speaking Test. This exercise gives students the opportunity to bring together many of the ideas and vocabulary looked at in the module so far. Working in pairs, each student prepares a mini-presentation based on A or B. Refer students to the previous reading and listening from this module to help them prepare ideas. Then students give their presentation to each other. Note that in the exam the length of these presentations is about one minute so you could set this as a time limit. Make notes on any problems with vocabulary and give feedback.You could ask any students giving especially good presentations to present to the class. This will help to model what is required for the exam.Module 1.2 Making ContactsJob responsibilitiesVocabulary1 Ask students to underline the correct preposition before they start speaking in pairs.Answerswork forresponsible forreport tospecialise ininvolved indeal within charge ofAlternativeFor pre-work or unemployed students, make copies of the business cards on page 161 and give one to each student. They imagine they have the job on the card and make sentences with the expressions.2 This exercise encourages students to use the third person form of the verbs in exercise 1.AlternativePre-work learners can describe people or friends they see at their place of study.3 Students with work experience can tell the rest of the class their response to this question. If no students formally "network" in your class, ask students why they think networking is important.Possible answer"Networking" is the skill of making contacts and can help people progress in their career through knowing the "right" people. The skill is important in areas such as sales where you need to develop relationship with potential customers.Life's all about making connectionsReadingStudents read and choose the best answer. Ask them to compare their answers with a partner.Answers1 A2 A3 C4 C5 B6 A7 B8 C9 A 10 C5 Ask students to underline the parts of the text which tell you where people network and the reasons why. Then ask students to give their answers and discuss the second question as a class. AnswerPeople network at:- conferences- trade fair events- coffee breaks- formal "networking" eventsThe reasons are:- to help people maximize their potential- to get to know other people- for people with little experienceStarting a conversationListening6 1.2 Students listen and match the conversations to the locations.Answers1 C2 A3 D4 B1.2 Listening scriptConversation 1R=Richard W=Woman M=MarekR Hello?W Hello, Richard. I'd like to introduce you to Marek.R Oh, yes. Hello, Marek. How do you do? Nice to meet you at last.M Hello, Richard. Pleased to meet you too.W Oh, do you two know each other already?M Well, we've spoken on the phone a few times.R But we've never actually met. Anyway, take a seat. Would you both like a coffee?Conversation 2A Would you like a coffee?B Oh thanks.A Milk?B Yes, it was very interesting. The first speaker was particularly good.A Is this your first time at one of these events?B Yes, it is. And you?A No. I've been coming for years. The company pays and if the location is good then I come. I remember the best year we had was in Monaco...Conversation 3M=Marie W=WomanM May I join you?W Sure.M You're a colleague of Martin Obach, aren't you?W That's right. He works in our Barcelona office. How do you know him?M We were both at Elcotil together. He left about a year before me.W Oh, are you Mandy?M Marie.W Marie. That's right. Sorry, I knew it began with an M. Yes, Martin said you were doing this course and that I should say hello...Conversation 4A Well, this is nice.B Well, it's quite simple but the food is very traditional and it's popular with the locals. On Sundays I often bring the family here.A That's nice. How many children do you have?B Two. Twins. A boy and a girl. They've just started school.A Wow. Twins.B And you?A No, not yet. And have you always lived in Lille?B Yes, most of my life. I worked in Paris for a while and in your country, of course. But all my relatives are here. What about your family?A Oh, they're spread out. I see my parents from time to time but my sister lives in Norway with her husband so we don't get together much. Anyway, I know your company is looking for a partner on this Thai project.B Yes. Is that something you might be interested in...7/8 1.2 Students match the expressions to the responses and then check by listening. If they find the first stage difficult, they can do the matching task while they listen to the recording.Answers1 D2 I3 C4 J5 A6 E7 K 8 L 9 F 10 G 11 H9 Students practice the expressions and reponses in a controlled way. Note that the student with the book closed doesn't have to give exactly the same response as those in the book. Write any good examples of responses generated by students on the board after- wards to share with the rest of the class. 10 Typically students will suggest topics like weather, travel, countries, work and language. However, note that with some cultures, topics such as politics, religion or family may not be appropriate. If you have a class with students from many different cultures or experience of travel, open this up for discussion and draw on students' experiences of dealing with different cultures.Developing a conversationSpeaking11 Before you begin, give students time to study the flowchart. Elicit from them the type of expressions they might use at each stage of the flowchart. If possible, clear space in the classroom for students to walk around and simulate networking with each other. If there isn't space, students could work in pairs and follow the flowchart.Photocopiable activity 1.2See page 161.Business correspondenceWritingThis first writing section provides a general overview of different correspondence and will help students with Part One of the Writing Test in particular.1 Give students a time limit of 10 minutes to answer the questions.Answers1) The email and post-it note are not related to her work.2) The memo and the letter are formal because they are giving information and replying to a customer with a complaint. The language uses quite long and fixed expressions.3) The memo is "internal communication" because it was sent within the company. Everyone in the company received a copy of it.4) The memo uses the T0/From/Date/Subject headings. It doesn't require an opening salutation line (Dear...) or closing salutation (Best...Yours...). Memos often have only one paragraph.5) Tel./asap/@/RE2 Refer students to the Exam Success tip. Ask them to complete the table using words from the correspondence in exercise 1. The table will givestudents a very useful reference for further writing during their course.Answers1) I am writing to...2/3) Further to our previous meeting/ With regard to your letter dated...4) how about5) I would like to apologise for6) I'm sorry that...7) we are pleased to8) Unfortunately9) Can you10) Do you want me to11) May I remind you...12) Don't forget13) we look forward to working with you...14) See you soon15) Yours sincerely3 Tell students that this exercise is typical of a question from the Writing Test. If they do the task in class, you could put them into pairs to write it together.Note that the memos must be very succinct to have only 40-50 words and that the To/From/Date/Subject heading is not included in the word count. Typically, students will find it hard to keep within this word count and make their ideas short and simple. Students will find it helpful to use the memo on page 12 as a model.Possible answerTo: All StaffFrom: (Name of student)Date: 25th JulySubject: Parental LeaveFurther to our previous meeting, I am pleased to confirm that parental leave for fathers has been extended to three weeks. The new system will come into operation as from 25th September. May I remind you that your managers will require one month's notice?Module 1.3 Speaking Test: Part OneExam FormatRead the opening description of this part of the exam with the students. Refer students to the Exam Success tip. Exam Practice1 This exercise looks at some typical mistakes that students make in the first part of the exam.AnswersA Yes, I think English...B ...I'm interested in marketing.C I'm from...D I'd like to work...E Actually, I'm just finishing my degree...F For about six years.2 Students complete the conversation with corrected answers O-F.Answers1 O2 C3 E4 B5 D6 A7 F3 To set this up, the student playing the part of candidate can close their book and answer the examiner's questions in exercise 2 in their own words. Refer students to the Learning Tip which suggests that students record and self-evaluate their performance. If possible, record them in the classroom and let them listen and note any common errors.4 In the opening part of the Speaking Test, the examiner can also ask general questions about business topics. Refer students to the Exam Success tip. Note that these questions don't rely on specialist knowledge and pre-work students should be able to respond as well as in-work students. Let students read the topics and briefly discuss with the class how difficult they would find these to give a short comment on. If any students look concerned about the topics, point out that the Student's Book covers all of these (and more) both in terms of content and language.5 1.3 Play the extract from the speaking test. Answers / The examiner asks about:- business in your home town or country.- present and future changes in working life.1.3 Listening scriptE=Examiner C=CandidateE And where do you live exactly?C I'm from a small town in northern Switzerland, but at the moment I'm studying for a business degree so I live in Zurich.E What types of business are most successful in your town?C Er, well, I suppose that tourism is quite important to the area and there are many small farms of agriculture also. Zurich, where I study, is more famous of course for banking and financial services.E How is working life changing in your country?C Sorry, can you repeat the question, please?E Yes, how is working life changing in your country?C I think that more and more people are moving to the cities or they are commuting in every day. In my opinion, the biggest change has come from technology - but then that's probably true everywhere, not just in my country...6 1.3 Students listen again and complete the gaps with phrases which will be useful for the speaking test. Answers1 I suppose that2 can you repeat3 I think that...4 In my opinion7 In pairs, students prepare questions they think an examiner might ask on the topics in exercise 4. Students take their questions and work with another partner. Each student takes turns to ask and answer the questions.Possible questions1) What kind of business is very important in your home town?2) Do you think English will continue to be important for business in the future?3) Which technology has had the biggest effect on business in recent years?4) In what ways do you think working life will change in the next ten years?5) If you had a choice of working training, what would it be? Why?6) How effective is selling over the phone?Exam Self-check8 Students can grade themselves in exercise 7 using the Exam self-check. An alternative is to put the students into groups of three so that one student is listening to the interview and marking the candidate with the Exam self-check. Students then change roles so that the interview is repeated three times. ExtensionNow that students have practised the first part of the Speaking Test both with personal information questions (in exercise 3) and further business related questions (in exercise 7), they can repeat all of Part One of the Speaking Test, both as examiner and candidate. They will find it helpful to refer to the Useful expressions summary at the bottom of page 15 and, again, they can use the Exam self-check in exercise 8 to evaluate their performances.。

商务英语写作教案Business English WritingChapter 1 Business English Writing: Classifications and Principles●Business Communication●Writing Principles——8C PrinciplesI.Business Communication●What is Communication?●What is Business Communication?●Objectives of Business Communication●Classification of Business Communication1. Definition of CommunicationCommunication is the sending and receiving of information, ideas, attitudes and emotions―either verbal or nonverbal―that produce a response between people. 2. Business communication is the communication which takes place in the business field.3. Objectives of Business Communication1) To be understood exactly as we intended;2) To secure a desired response to what we communicate;3) To build up and develop goodwill between the sender and receiver of the message.4.Classification of Communication1) Downward Communication is from superiors to subordinates, from bosses to employees, from decision-makers to operating personnel.2) Upward Communication is the opposite flow of downward communication. Messages from the bottom move up through many stages until they reach the top.3) Horizontal Communication is the exchange flows between or among organizational units on the same hierarchical level.internal horizontal communication external horizontal communicationII. Writing Principles——8C Principles●Completeness●Concreteness●Conciseness●Clarity●Correctness●Consideration●Courtesy●Creditability1. CompletenessA complete letter should include whatever details are needed to produce the response you want.To achieve the Completeness, you should consider the following suggestions:1) Try to list all essential points in your letter;2) V olunteer something extra which, you think, may be of some use to your reader now or in the future;3) Offer alternatives you are able to give. Maybe you will get a new transaction.4) Check for the five Ws (who, what, where, when and why) and the H (how).2. Concreteness1) Use specific rather than general language to give specific information.Compare:This copier saves you both money and time.BH200 Copier makes 60 copies a minute at a cost of one fen a copy.But sometimes generalizing is necessary or preferable for being diplomatic.Compare:Our firm sells clothes for women weighing over 200 pounds.Our firm sells fashions for women with generous figures.2) Use concrete rather than abstract words when possible.Compare:I am interested in your vehicle.I am interested in your brown 1997 Ford Sedan.3. ConcisenessConciseness is saying what you want to say in the fewest words possible without sacrificing the other C qualities.1) Avoid wordy expressions and statementse.g. “I wish to take this opportunity to thank you for your sincere cooperation.”“Thank you for your sincere cooperation.”2) Avoid triteness.3) Eliminate redundancy (repetition of language elements)Mr. Li will be here at 8 A.M. in the morning.4) Leave out irrelevant materialCompare:If you had not informed us of damage so promptly, we should/would be unable to do anything for you. However, in your case, we are glad to tell you…Because you were so prompt in informing us of the damage, we are glad to tell you…4. Clarity1) Write on the level of the reader’s u nderstanding.2) Avoid ambiguityAn ambiguous word is one that has more than one meaning in the same context. Compare:The L/C must reach us for arranging shipment not later than 8 October.The L/C must reach us not later than 8 October for arranging shipment3) Avoid needless jargon (special language in one field of business)If possible, try to include examples, illustrations or other visual aids for clarity, such as pictures, diagrams, simple tables, samples and printed materials.5. CorrectnessCorrectness means a message must be united (grammatically and mechanically correct) and coherent (logically organized).To achieve this aim, the writer should:1) Use the right level of language (formal, informal, substandard).2) Include accurate facts, figures and words.3) Maintain acceptable writing mechanics or structure.6. ConsiderationConsideration means to think of the reader first and write from the “you-attitude”. “You-attitude” is a style of writing that looks at things from the reader’s poi nt of view, emphasizing what the reader wants to know, respecting the reader’s intelligence and protecting the reader’s ego (self-esteem).1) To emphasize the “you” and “your” and deemphasize the “I” and ”my” in positive situations and to avoid the word “you” in negative situations and use passive words/verbs and impersonal expressions to avoid assigning blame.Compare:We provide health insurance to all employees.You receive health insurance as a full-time P&G employee.Compare:You made no allowance for inflation in your estimate.No allowance for inflation has been made in this estimate.This estimate makes no allowance for inflation.2) To emphasize the reader’s interests rather than your own concerns.Compare:The large scale of sales of our products will make our company more profitable.You will find that our product will sell rapidly and afford you a profit margin.3) To emphasize what you can do, not what you cannot do .Compare:We won’t be able to send you the brochure this month.We will send you the brochure next month.Try to use positive words to replace negative words.Improve:We hope you won’t be dissatisfied with the new range of our electric products.4) To express your sincere desire to be of help.7. CourtesyA courteous message, like a courteous person, is polite, considerate and emphathic. Courtesy is a major contributor to goodwill. By courtesy we mean treating people with respect and friendly human concern. It can be a key factor influencing our success in the business world.1) Be polite.2) Be equal to each otherCompare:How can anyone question our ability to repay the loan when we are such a large, reputable firm?Our qualification for the loan is a well established credit rating.3) Avoid mistrustCompare:We have received your letter in which you claimed that ten tea sets were damaged in shipment.We have noticed in your letter that a damage to ten tea sets in shipment was found.4) Avoid angerCompare:You obviously made a mistake by sending me the wrong goods.Thank you for your prompt delivery. However, the goods reached us were not the ones we ordered.8. CreditabilityCreditability means being honest and fair in all our business dealings.The observation of the 7Cs will ensure the achievement of last C– Creditability. Before doing business with others, one businessman should learn how to be a man. HomeworkRead the text and answer the question:How do you analyze the 8Cs from the pragmatic perspective?Chapter 2 The Structure and Layout of a Business LetterI. StructureII. LayoutIII. HomeworkI. Structure1. Standard Parts of Business Letters2. Optional Parts of Business LettersI. Structure1. Standard Parts of the Business Letter(1) Letter-head 信头It is the heading at the top of a letter and shows where the letter comes from. It usually consists of the name, address, telephone number and fax number and also the company logo, web site, e-mail address, etc.The letter-head is usually printed on the company’s stationery.e.g. OMNICORP INTERNATIONAL17 Bunder Hill RoadShrewsbury MA 01545Tel 03-345 6788 Fax 34567(2) Date 日期The format of date differs from country to country.e.g．①Friday, 10th, March 2006;②10th (or 10) March, 2006(U.S. military, Europe, Latin America);③March 10th(or 10), 2006(American business);④10, 3, 2006 or 10/3/2006(causing confusion).(3) Inside name and address 封内姓名和地址It should duplicate the address on the envelope. It should also include the reader’sname, title and address and is placed at the left margin about 2 or 3 spaces below the date and above the salutation.(4) Salutation 称呼It is your friendly greeting to the reader and agrees with the inside address.*Gentlemen (American) / Dear Sirs (British)/ Ladies and Gentlemen (Customary Salutations to a firm)*Dear Mr. /Mrs./ Miss / Ms (marital status unknown)*Dear +first nameIt is addressed to an individual you know well.*Dear Sir & Dear MadamThey are used in formal and impersonal situations or when you do not know the reader’s name.*Dear Director (Manager, Supervisor, Owner, Department Head)Neutral titles are preferred by many office managers.*Dear CustomerIt is used for messages that omit an inside address as in sales letters or announcements to more than one person.(5) Body 主体The body is the message and the most important part. It is difficult to discuss how to write in a few words because there are many purposes of letter writing. But do remember 7C Principles.(6) Complimentary close 礼貌结束语It is a polite way of closing the letter. It must agree with the salutation in the degree of formality.*Formal 正式Dear Sir / Gentlemen ——— Faithfully yours /Yours faithfullyLadies & Gentlemen ———Yours very truly (very truly yours, your truly)—no longer popular*Semi-formal 半正式Sincerely yours or yours sincerely(very popular between businessmen who have already established a business contact with each other)Cordially yours or Very cordially yours (used when you may or may not know the reader well, but wish him to feel the relationship is friendly).*Informal 非正式Dear David ——→sincerely, cordially, best regards, take care, thanks(7) Signature 签名Every business letter must be signed. It usually includes three or four parts:①the name of the company,②the signature of the writer,③the typed name④the business title.Page 37 Examples2) Optional Parts of the Business Letter(1) Reference 参考号The reference may include a file number or departmental code or the initials of the signer of the letter to be followed by the typist’s initials.e.g. Our ref: Dep. B/4LW/PB 524;KLM: tr orTR;KL Morning—tr;K.L Morning: trK.L. Morning: TR/tr (Identification Marks) 识别标记(2) Attention Line 经办It is used to direct the letter to a specific person or department when the company name is used in the addressee line. It is usually placed between inside address and the salutation.e.g. Attention: Purchasing Manager.(3) Subject Line 事由It helps both the writer and the reader identify the subject matter,e.g. Subject: Order No. 123;Re: Invoice No. 123;(4) Enclosure Notation 附件It tells the receiver that something is included in the envelope along with the letter. It also reminds the sender and the reader of checking for enclosures.(4) Enclosure Notation 附件e.g. Enclosure: Sales Contract;Enc. 3: Sales Contract;Commercial Invoice;Bill of LadingEncl. 3Enclosures 33 Enclosures:(5) Copy Notation 抄送It indicates a copy of the letter is being used to some other business people.It is placed below the signature at the left margin.●cc: (carbon copy) xc: (Xerox copy)●pc: (photo copy) c: (copy)e.g. cc: Mr. Taylor(6) Postscript 附言When you finish the letter and happen to think of something else, you may add it at the end of the letter.P.S. (p.s.; PS): ***If there are two things, use P.P.S. But this is a poor/bad habit and should be avoided.II. Letter style (Layout)1. Indented style (缩格式/ 传统格式）Page 422. Full block form齐头式This form begins each line at the left. This is the fastest to type because typists do not have to set and use tab stops for indenting. Page 433. Modified block style改良齐头式It is currently one of the most popular styles. To most readers, this style isappealing because it achieves the best visual balance on the page.The letterhead, date, complimentary close and signature are just to the right of the center. Page 444. Modified block style with indented paragraphs 混合式(Semi-block style)Many business letters use this style. Although the full block style is widely used, the indented style is also popular, probably because its paragraphs are indented in the same way of books, newspapers and magazines. Page 45Homework1. Give the names of the parts in the letter on Page 43.2. Study the forms of envelope addressing by yourself.3. Translate the sentences into English on Page 54.Chapter 4 Credit Inquiry and Establishing Business Relations●Letters of credit inquiry●Letters of establishing business relationsI. Credit inquiry——a kind of consultancy letter●Consultancy is the business of offering specialist professional advice including market research, credit standing investigation, market trend research and other services providing business information.●Consultancy service is usually provided by banks or professional consulting companies or individuals. As a business person, you should learn to write a consultancy letter to seek needed information.●In international business, an exporter may ask his new customer to give the name of his bank(er) or the name of firms which the customer has previously dealt as a reference.●Reference:1) a piece of written information about sb’s character, ability, etc. 证明书，证明材料2) a person who provides such information. 资信证明人●There are two kinds of reference: ba nks’ (bankers’) reference—banks银行证明人and trade reference—companies商业证明人.How to Write a Consultancy Letter for Credit Standing1. The name of the company to be investigated and why you are writing to the receiver.e.g. 玛丽兰公司提出要当我公司的代理，销售我们的缝纫机，并介绍我公司向贵行了解该公司的信用、业务能力和声誉的详细情况。

Module 1 第一单元1.1 Business Topic W ays of working 商务话题篇工作方式1) Vocabulary: different ways of working (15 mins)regular hours正常工作时间flexible (working) hours/flex(i)time 弹性工作时间freelance n. 自由职业teleworking n. 电子办公；在家中上班job-share v. / n. 分担工作；工作分担制job-sharing n. 分担工作job-sharer n. 与人分担工作的人shift work 轮班工作，倒班制temping n 当临时工，任临时雇员consultancy n. 咨询公司specialist advice 专业咨询hotdesking (hot-desking)n. 办公桌轮用（指将职工分成不同的班次，以便他们能共用一间办公室，一张办公桌和一台电脑）office gossip 办公室小道消息，办公室飞短流长office news 办公室新闻credit n. 赞扬，功劳managing director 总裁，总经理（美英chief executive/president）brainpower n. 智能worst-case adj. 做最坏打算的，为最坏情况的，为最不利条件的scenario n. 事态，局面full-time adj. 全日制的delegatev. 授权，分派工作availability n. 利用（或获得的）可能性，可以利用的人（物），人员、物资保证parental leave育儿假，照顾新生儿女假distractions n. 让人注意力分散的事物contact n. 人脉，有影响力的熟人，有用的社会关系case-loadn. 工作量daily log日志voice mail语音信箱，语音邮件self-organization n. 自我组织能力disruptive a. 造成混乱的1. How do you work most effectively? By working…regular hours/flexible hours? in a team/on your own?from home/ in an office? for a boss/as your own boss?参考词语和表达：routine type of person按部就班的人have flexible management of time and work灵活安排自己的时间和工作get support from each other相互支持co-operate with each other相互合作share ideas交流想法learn from other people’s strong points 学他人所长working in a team needs to have good interpersonal skills and is not necessarily efficiently.在团队工作需要有很好的人际交往技能，不一定效率就高can be more concentrated and thus more efficient in an office在办公室更容易集中精力因此也更有效率have more flexibility 享有更多的灵活度feel more relaxed 感觉更轻松a dependent type of person and never make decisions myself性格依赖，不喜欢自己拿主意an independent type of person and would like to make decisions myself性格独立，喜欢自己做决定don’t want to work under someone 不想在别人手下工作5. Reading: How to job-shareGet organized Set your limits Put pen to paper Two become one安排有序规定限度签订协议合二为一Open your mind Plan for disaster Find the perfect partner Don’t feel guilty敞开心胸/开拓视野有备无患理想搭档勿感内疚1.share credit and blame 分担成绩与过失，意译“功过与共”2. Flexecutive 经营内容蕴含其中的公司名flexible与executive两词复合而成“弹性经营管理”。