新牛津牛津译林版8B--全一册语法总结

译林版牛津英语8B语法点复习译林版牛津英语8B语法点复习Unit 1 Present and past现在完成时（1）一、现在完成时的构成现在完成时是由“助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词”构成。

助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。

它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。

过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。

例句：He has already finished his homework.他已经做完作业了。

He hasn't finished his homework yet.他还没有做完作业。

---Has he finished his homework yet?他已经做完作业了吗？---Yes, he has./ No, he hasn't.是的，做完了。

/不，还没有。

二、现在完成时的用法①表曩昔发生的某一动尴尬刁难目前酿成的影响或成效。

---Would you like some bread?你想要一些面包吗？---No, thanks. I have had my breakfast.不，感谢，我曾吃过早餐了。

（对现在的影响：不饿）---Why don't you drive to your office?你为甚么不开车去办公室啊？---Because my car has broken.因为我的车坏了。

（对目前的影响：车没举措开了）①表示从过去开始一直持续到现在,也许还会继续下去的动作或状态。

He has studied English for 6 years.他已经研究英语六年了。

Mary has been busy since she came back from Hangzhou.自从从杭州回来，玛丽一直在忙。

3、常和目前完成时连用的工夫状语①用副词already和yet。

already一般用于一定句中，yet 一般用于否定句和疑问句中。

We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。

牛津译林英语8B Unit1--Unit8单词短语知识点8B Unit 1单词短语知识点1、在过去在过去的两年中走过走过他的课桌（两种）将球传给他（两种）2、现在（三种）为他买一件礼物授给他一个奖3、marry. 三单-- 过去式-- 过去分词-- 名词—汤姆与玛丽是三年前结婚的。

（三种）汤姆与玛丽结婚三年了。

4、意识到这个问题实现他的梦想5、一点儿疲劳（三种）一点儿水（两种）6、我自己的小汽车（两种）想要拥有一台电脑 own—名词7、一个发展中国家一个发达国家随着一个国家的发展8、感到放松令人放松的音乐帮助我们放松9、一张近照recent---副词10、感到寂寞一个孤岛独自在家11、伤了某人的感情有同样的感受12、那些运动员们的妻子13、采访那名运动员（两种）记者们的衣服14、和我的父母交流（两种）15、不时，有时，偶尔16、我告诫我自己要镇静既然我还活着。

自从我出生以来我就住在这儿。

因为我们年轻，我们不必害怕犯错误。

17、把……变成变红今天轮到我值日。

轮流做某事18、太多的浪费一种浪费时间不要浪费时间。

19、回到北京（两种）将这本书归还给他（两种）20、太多的污染污染河流一条被污染的小河21、改善环境improve—名词22、挡某人的路在某人去…的路上在某种程度上在许多方面用这种方法23、过去经常与我分享食物习惯于早起习惯于艰苦的工作被用来寄信24、我常常骑一辆红色的自行车上学。

（两种）步行去某地（两种）25、太多的人太多的食物电视看得太多实在太快26、在镇北边（两种）27、这些年期间在过去的世纪期间从椅子上跳过去河上有一座桥。

全世界二十多名学生28、我的老朋友中的大多数人他们中的许多人29、打牌下象棋30、对阳光镇知之甚少31、在路的两边32、我已经完成了我的家庭作业。

我还没有完我的家庭作业。

你完成了你的家庭作业了吗？33、丽丽曾经看过这部电影吗？以前我从来没有去过北京。

34、刚才我看电视的。

牛津英语8B Unit 1 Past and present一、重点短语汇总解析1. 在碗里in the bowl 在盘子里on the plate2. 过去和现在past and present（1）pastn. 过去，以前；in the past 在过去adj. 过去的，以前的；in the past few years 在过去的几年里prep. 经过walk past the post office走过邮局（2）presentadj.现在的; 目前的; 出席的n.现在; 礼物; at present 现在； a present for you=a gift for you给你的礼物vt.介绍; 出现; 提出; 赠送;【例句】Everyone can be presented a present at present.3. 过去常常…，曾经…(1) used to do sth，(2)used to be+ adj. (3) used to be+ n.(4) 某地曾经有什么:There used to be+n.疑问式Did sb否定式used not to do sth或didn’t use to do sth→〈知识链接〉⑴used to do sth →use to do sth?或Used sb to do sth?4.(1) 习惯于做某事be used to doing sth(2)习惯于某物be used to sth.(3) 逐渐习惯于… get / become used to doing sth/ sth注意：sth. be used to do sth. = sth be used for doing sth. 某物被用来做某事(被动语态)从那以后since then〈知识链接〉since 有几个意思（1）既然（2）因为（3）自...以来（现在完成时）6. (1)搬家move house, (2)搬到Paris: move to Paris.(3)搬走move away (4) 搬入新公寓move into new flats. (区别move in 无宾语)(5) 搬出小镇move out of the town (区别：move out 无宾语)〈知识链接〉move 的名词形式movement. 本课improve 的名词形式improvement。

Unit1 短语和句型重点短语1. 过去和现在past and present 25. 在过去的世纪里over the past century2. 过去做某事used to do 26. 往返进入镇子travel to and from the town3. 对, 很了解know , very well 27. 另外一个巨大的变化another big change4. 在镇子的北边in the north of town 28. 当地的人民local people5. 在镇子的北部in the northern part of town 29. 从, 返回return from6. 结婚(动作)get married （状态）be married 30. 出国go abroad7. 搬到两个街区外move two blocks away 31. 在小学at primary school8. 自从那时since then 32. 相互保持联系keep in touch with each other9. 变化很大change a lot 33. 主要的交流mainly communicate10. 在这几年里over the years 34. 习惯于做某事be/get used to doing/n.11. 把, 变成, turn , into 35. 生活的变化the changes of life12. 把废料倒进河里put the waste into the river 36. 花费（时间）在某事上spend , on13. 意识到这个问题realize the problem 37. 一张, 近照 a recent picture14. 改善现状improve the situation 38. 狭小的肮脏的街道narrow and dirty roads15. 更干净了much cleaner 39. 大的开阔地large open spaces16. 在某些方面in some ways 40. 在路的两边on the side of the road17. 和之前一样频繁as often as before 41. 有自己的车have one’s own car18. 打牌play cards 42. 到处逛逛go around19. 下中国象棋play Chinese chess 43. 享受舒适的生活enjoy a comfortable life20. 感觉有点孤独feel a bit lonely 44. 家乡的变化①the changes of my hometown21. 有时from time to time②the changes in my hometown 22. 令人新奇的变化the amazing changes③the changes in to hometown23. 他一生中all his life24. 搬到另外一个公寓move to another flat重点句子1. 你也变了。

.牛津<8B>词组、句型语法总结Unit 1 treesI. Phrases动词词组：1. be interested in2. be known as3. be in danger4. breathe pure, cool air5. municate with sb6. keepsb alive and healthy7. know a lot about sth8. protectsb/sth from sth9. protect by sth/doing sth10. read through sth11. releasesth into sth12. taste nasty13. thanksb for sth/doing sth14. warnsb/sth <not> to do sth名词词组：1. average age2. living things3. one another其他词组：as well asII. Sentence Patterns1.What good be sth?2.I suppose that+从句3.Sbbe doing sth these days.Grammer现在进行时1.表示现阶段正在进行着的动作但不一定是说话时正在进行.常和at present〔目前〕、this week〔本周〕、these days〔这几天〕,all the time<一直>等时间状语连用. What lesson are you studying this week？你们本周学哪一课了？〔说话时并不在学〕2.现在进行时有时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作即是说可以用来代替将来时,但此时,一般要与表示将来的时间状语连用,而且仅限于少量动词.如：e〔来〕、go〔去〕、leave〔离开〕、arrive〔到达〕、start〔开始〕、return〔返回〕、sleep〔睡觉〕Are you going to Tianjin tomorrow？你明天去##吗？How many of you are ing to the party next week？你们有多少人下周要来参加晚会？.Unit 2WaterI. Phrases动词词组：1. pour into the sink2. sound impatient/puzzled3. add A to B4. carrysb to some place5. clean up6. dropsth into some place7. enjoy the view8. finish with sth9. pumpsth into some place10. speed down the mountain11. run into the Huangpu River12. turn it off13. travel a long way名词词组：1. a water treatment works2. a sewage plant3. a thorough cleaning4. the Yangtze RiverII. Sentence Patterns1.It is + adj + for sb + to do2.It is time <for sb> to do sth3.until/till 直到not … until 直到…才4.What do you mean by sth/doing sth?Grammar：amountsA lot of/lots of/plenty of+可数名词a large amount of +不可数名词a little ,much ,a few ,many,a number of 和the number of 之间的区别Unit 3 ElectricityI. Phrases动词词组：1. be careful with sth2. be connected to sth3. buysth in packets4. changesth into sth5. flow through a wire6. getsbsth = get sth for sb7. lookadj<eg.foolish>8. make electricity9. refer to sth10. scratch one’s head11. think of名词词组：1. a light bulb2. a power station3. a packet of4. heat/movement/light/sound energy5. thin wires介词词组：1. in a way = partly2. on one’s faceII. Sentence Patterns1.Can sb do sth?May sb do sth?Sb must <not> do sth.--Must sb do sth?--Yes, sb must./ No, sb needn’t.2.Sb believe/know/think/tell/wonder/ask + 宾语从句3.If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, We will go for a piic.He wonders if/whether it will rain tomorrow.Grammar:Modal verbs:can/could之间的区别,must/need ,may提问的回答,should,ought to疑问句与否定回答,may be /maybe之间的区别Unit 4 NewspapersI. Phrases动词词组：1. agree to do/ with sb/ on sth2. arrange to do sth3. attend a/the meeting4. be at the meeting5. be responsible for sth6. conclude the meeting7. elect sb to be + 称谓/职位/官衔8. have different ideas9. hold a meeting10. make a list of11. make a decision about sth12. ought <not> to do13. pay for sth14. publish a newspaper15. take charge of = be in charge of16. take notes17. talk over sth18. vote for sb名词词组：1. a pile of2. chief editor介词词组：in one week’s time其他词组：1. soon after2. not any more = no moreII. Sentence Patterns1.--Ought sb to do sth?--Yes, sb ought to do sth./No, sb oughtn’t to do sth2. Sbsuggest that sb <should> do sth.Sbsuggest doing sth.Grammer宾语从句时态；主现从随意、主过从过去,真理永不变语序：陈述语序宾语从句语序特殊情况1.What’s wrong?/What’s the matter?/What’s your trouble?2.Which is the way to…?3.Who引导的特殊疑问句且who做主语,变为宾语从句时,其语序不变.引导词：that ,if、whether,特殊疑问词人称：一随主,二随宾,：第三人称不更新宾从否定前移与缩写宾从反意疑问句代词:it,each/everyUnit 5 magazine articlesI. Phrases动词词组：1. <not> belong to sb2. be happy to do sth3. describesth to sb4. fall down5. go to sleep6. go off7. have a conversation with sb8. hearsb do sth9. keep balance10. keepsth out <eg. keep the smoke out>11. look/watch out12. leadsb to some place13. make sure14.obey the rules15. pull at sb16. save one’s life17. smell smoke18. seem like19. sound like + noun.20. take care of21. taste horrible22. try the phone23. walk into some place名词词组：1. reception desk2. the location of the fire exit3. moments/seconds later介词词组：1. in one’s own words2. against the rules3. during the fire其他词组：as soon asII. Sentence Patterns1.Can I have my key, please?2.It was dead.3.主句+ as soon as/when/before/after + 从句<时态：主将从现>4.Although + 从句,主句5.主句+ because /as/since/now that + 从句Sb/sth + be + so + adj + that + 从句<比较：enough … to do …；too … to do …>6.主句+ so that + 从句7.Safety first!8.Help oneself. Teach oneself. Make oneself at home. Enjoy oneself. Grammar：1. 结果状语从句<1>so…that, such…that, so that 引导.<2>so…that语such...that可以互换.结构：such a/an<形容词>+ 单数名词+that从句such〔+形容词〕+复数可数名词+that从句such〔+形容词〕+不可数名词+that从句so+形容词/副词+that从句so+形容词〔+a/an>+名词+that从句注：So+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词=such +a/an+形容词+单数可数名词<3>如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时,只能用so, 不用such..2. 比较状语从句1.由as…<形容词副词原级>as, 比较级+ than…等连词引导."比较级+and+比较级〞译为"越来越……〞1. The earth is getting warmer and warmer.地球变得越来越暖和.2."the+比较级…,the+比较级…〞译为"越……就越……〞1. The busier he is, the happier he feels.他越忙就越高兴.3."the+比较级+ of the two〞译为"两个中比较……的〞.1. This watch is the cheaper of the two.这支手表是两个中比较便宜的.3. 目的状语从句〔1〕通常由so that, in order that引导.〔2〕so that既可引导目的状语从句,又可引导结果状语从句.目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could,等.从意思上看,目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确.<3>so that, in order that可以转换成so as to和in order to简单句.4. 让步状语从句〔1〕由although, though等连词引导.〔2〕although<though>…but…不能用在同一个句子中5 .用too…to…/ so… that改写句子用enough…to/so…that改写句子Unit 6 travelI. Phrases动词词组：1. be excellent insth2. be covered with sth3. be an hour away from4. be similar to5. sth be familiar to sb = sb be familiar with sth6. be famous for/ be known as7. enablesb to do sth8. further one’s studies9. go abroad10. go for a holiday11. remindsb of sth12. spread one’s wings13.try doing sth/ to do sth14. used to do sth/be used to doing sth/be used to do sth名词词组：1. French Film Festivals2. language schools3. mountain regions4. rows of5. scenic areas6. tree-lined streets7. the influence of sb/sth8. the world’s top designer names9. the Atlantic Ocean10. the capital of France11. The Channel Tunnel介词词组：1. all over the world = throughout the world2. from … to3. in addition = besides/what’s more4. in some ways5. in art and culture其他词组：1. the same + noun + as2. such as + nounII. Sentence Patterns1.Now that + 从句,主句2.It is + adj + to do sth3.Why not do sth? = Why don’t you do sth? = What about doing sth?Grammar:连词就近原则：not only...but also..., or, either...or..., neither...nor... ,there be …,not…but…就远原则:as well as,together withBoth+不可数and+不可数谓语用复数Unit 7 poemsI. Phrases动词词组：1. be cross2. be scared3. be pleased with sth4. be puzzled by5. chat with sb6. sb be bored with sth/sth be boring to sb7. feel like doing sth8. findsth interesting9. go to sleep/bed10. have a shower11. pay attention <to>12. putsb in detention13. sit in a chair介词词组：1. on one’s own2. on the building siteII. Sentence Patterns1.--Whose friend is sb?--Sb is one’s/mine/yours/his/hers/theirs.2. There is sb doing sth3. I would like to do sthGrammar:疑问代词whose"谁的〞对名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词提问Who’s=who is 对某人提问One、ones,One代替前面已经出现过的单数可数名词,以避免重复Ones一般指代前面已经出现过的复数可数名词It/one都可指代前面提到的名词,但it代替的是前面提到的那件特指的事物,而one所指代的是前面提到的同类事物,但不是同一件.。

牛津译林英语八年级下册全册语法复习牛津译林英语八年级下册全册语法复8B Unit1现在完成时的用法现在完成时有三种用法：1.表示过去发生的动作和现在有联系，即该动作对现在有影响。

例如：Have you had your lunch。

你吃过午饭了吗？Yes。

I have。

I've just had it。

是的，我吃了，我刚吃过。

（现在我不饿了）I have already posted those photos。

我已经邮寄了那些照片。

（那些照片现在已不在我这里了）2.表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的动作，并且表示一段时间的状语连用，谓语动词多用延续性动词。

例如：I've known him for 3 years。

我认识他已经3年了。

They have lived here since 1996.自从1996年以来他们一直住在这里。

3.表示到现在为止多次发生的动作。

例如：XXX twice。

这部电影他已经看过两遍了。

My XXX has told me the story several times。

我爷爷已经把这个故事给我讲了好几遍。

现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成为：肯定句：主语 + have/has + 动词的过去分词 + 其他。

否定句：主语 XXX 动词的过去分词 + 其他。

一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词+ 其他？肯定回答：Yes，主语 + have/has。

否定回答：No，主语 + XXX't。

需要注意的是，主语是第三人称单数时用has，其他人称用have。

例如：XXX has heard from his XXX。

XXX这个月已收到了他爸爸的两次来信。

We have already cleaned our classroom。

我们已经打扫了教室。

现在完成时的标志词现在完成时的标志词包括：already，yet，ever，recently，just，before（用于句末），so far，for + 一段时间，since + 过去时间或一般过去时的句子。

牛津译林版8B语法知识点汇总Unit 1词组：1和…玩play with sb2不再…not…any more3不同时期的交通工具transport at different times4阳光镇的变化the changes to Sunshine Town5非常了解这个地方know the place well 6从那时起since then7自从2005年以来since20058自从去年以来since last year9自从三个星期前以来since three weeks ago10搬家move house11搬到南京move to Nanjing12搬进一座新公寓move to/into a new flat13在…南部in the southern part of14结婚get married15和某人结婚be/get married to sb/marry sb16变化很大change a lot17在过去in the past18在现在at present19这些年以来over/during the years20把…变成…turn…into…21在周末at weekends22打牌play cards23下中国象棋play Chinese chess24愉快的假期pleasant holiday25玩得很开心have a pleasant time26水污染water pollution27噪音污染noise pollution28过去经常做某事used to do sth29像以前一样经常地…as often as before 30把…排进/倒进…dump…into…31一个很严重的问题a very serious problem32采取行动做某事take action to do sth33减少污染reduce the pollution34在某种程度上in some ways35顺便问一下by the way36在去…的路上on the way to…37挡路in the way38开阔的空间/户外活动场所open space 39不时地，偶尔from time to time40从…搬出去move out of…41事实上，实际上in fact42一处自然景点地方a place of natural beauty43一个新的火车站a new railway station 44从…借…borrow sth from sb45借给某人…/把…借给…lend sb sth=lend sth to sb46例如for example/such as47在使用中be in use=be in service48带…去…take sb to…49一所小学a primary school50我也是Me,too.51独自地on one’s own=by oneself=alone 52空余时间free time53有同感have the same feeling54青山环绕green hills around55清新的空气fresh air56良好的环境a good environment57发展缓慢less development58离…远be far(away)from59离…近be close to…60给…造成许多麻烦cause many problems for…61近期照片recent photos62在近几年中in recent years63…的反义词the opposite of…64有好运have good luck65把…扔掉throw sth away66一个真正的问题a real problem67写一篇有关阳光镇的文章write an article on Sunshine Town68在过去的一个世纪over the past century69关于北京的过去和现在about Beijing’s past and present70感冒have a cold71患重感冒have a bad cold72受到某人的来信hear from sb=receive a letter from 73乘飞机旅行travel by plane/by air 74享受阳光和沙滩enjoy the sun and the beach语法：现在完成时（I）我们用现在完成时表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态，或已完成但对现在有一定影响的活动。

牛津初中英语8B unit1—unit8 知识点归纳8B Unit1【考点精讲】一、核心词汇1．past n．[考点点拨]past作名词，意为“过去”，其还可作介词和形容词，可用于如下情况：in the past（n．）在过去；half past(prep.)five 5点半；in the past(adj.)three years在过去的3年里。

如：When he walks past our desks, he always knocks ourbooks and pens off the desks.当他走过我们课桌的时候，他总是把我们的书本和钢笔从课桌上碰掉下来。

The boy finished his homework with the help of his father in the past.这个男孩过去是在他父亲的帮助下完成作业的。

2．present n．[考点点拨]present作名词，意为“现在，目前”。

At present＝at the moment＝right now 目前；其还可作形容词，your present job你目前的工作；present用作名词，还可表示“礼物”，a birthday present -份生日礼物。

如：He is washing his clothes at present.现在他正在洗衣服。

3．northern adj。

[考点点拨] 方位词：north-northern; west-western; south-southern; east-eastern。

如：in the north of China ＝ in the northern part of China在中国北部East China华东；North China华北The northern part of the city used to be sparsely populated, but has now bee a cultural centre.城北过去人口稀少，但现在成了文化中心。

8BU6语法：it is+adj句型第一部分：it is+adj+to doIt is +adj. +to do sth.做…事怎么样在此句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式部分，由于主语较长，为了避免头重脚轻，用it做形式主语。

有时it还可作为形式宾语，代替较长的宾语部分。

如：It is great to be with you.I find it interesting to watch the action film.拓展句型：①It is +n.+to do sth.如：It is a good idea to have a shower now.②It is +adj+that-clause.如：It is amazing that a snake eats little or nothing for months in cold winter.例题：①It can be frightening for anyone who is forced to step into a road because the pavement is blocked by a truck, a car or other badly parked vehicle.People can be when they have to step into a road where they cannot see the oncoming traffic.答案：frightened②The psychologists were surprised to find that rap and heavy metal fans were also shier and quieter than many other music lovers.It’s that rap and heavy metal fans are shier and quieter than many other music lover答案：surprising第二部分：it is+adj+for+sb to doIt is +adj. +for sb.+to do sth.对某人来说做…事怎么样此结构是一个陈述句, 表示说话人对客观事件的决断, 比较正式。

牛津译林8B Unit1一、同步知识梳理知识点1：past and present(P6)（1）pastn. 过去，以前；in the past 在过去adj. 过去的，以前的；in the past few years 在过去的几年里prep. 经过 walk past the post office走过邮局【例句】In the past, there was no underground in Nanjing.Let’s not make the past mistakes.When I walk past the post office, I see a bird flying over the tree.（2）presentadj.现在的; 目前的; 出席的n.现在; 礼物; at present 现在； a present for you=a gift for you给你的礼物vt.介绍; 出现; 提出; 赠送;【例句】Everyone can be present ed a present at present.知识点2：You’ve changed, Eddie. You used to share food with me.(P6) 你变了。

你以前跟我分享食物的。

（1）change: vt./vi. 改变，变更; change into变成n.变化，改变; change(s) to ...的变化【例句】Great changes to Nanjing have taken place.（2）use n.用途; 使用能力; 运用头脑（或身体）的能力;vt.用，使用; 行使，【常用短语】①used to (do sth.) “过去常常(做某事)”批注：否定形式：didn’t use to / usedn’t to②get/be used to(doing sth. )“习惯于(做某事)【例句】He used to go fishing every Saturday. But since he changed his job, he’s barely(几乎不) had a chance. He thinks he’ll never be used to this busy lifestyle.【拓展】useful adj. 有用的；useless adj. 无用的知识点3：I first lived in the northern part of the town with my parents.(P8)【例句】Beijing is in the northern part of China.批注：注意in the north与 in the northern part of 的同义句转换。

⽜津译林版⼋年级英语全册语法知识点总结8A语法Unit 1 Friends形容词⽐较级和最⾼级的变化规则1.规则变化:(1)⼀般形容词+er +est (shorter, smaller, smallest )(2)以e 结尾的形容词+r +st (nicer, larger, largest)(3)以辅⾳字母加y 结尾的形容词变y 为i 再+er, est (busier, busiest; heavier, heaviest)(4)以重读闭⾳节结尾的形容词双写辅⾳字母+er, est 熟记：⼤（big)热（hot）天,⼀个穿红（red）⾐浑⾝湿（wet）透的伤感（sad）胖（fat）⼦想要变得⼜瘦（thin）⼜苗条（slim）2.不规则变化(1)good(well)-better-best(2) many(much)-more-most(3)ill(bad, badly)-worse-worst(4) far-farther (further)-farthest (furthest)(5) little-less-least(6) few-fewer-fewest3.多⾳节的形容词⽐较级和最⾼级在词前加more , mostdelicious-more delicious-the most delicious popular-more popular-the most popular注意: 1 形容词的最⾼级前必须有the, ⽽副词的最⾼级前the 可省略2.⽐较级前常⽤a bit, a little, much, a lot, even, far 等词表⽰程度.3.形容词⽐较级⽤来⽐较两者(⼈或事)句中常有than; 形容词最⾼级⽤来⽐较三者或三者以上(⼈或事), 句中常有in 或of 短语表⽰⽐较范围.4. as+adj.+as (和------⼀样------) / not as/so +adj.+ as (不如------，不及------)Unit 2 School life⼀、⽐较事物的数量1.many (修饰可数名词）／much (修饰不可数名词）----more ----mostmore + 可数名词复数/ 不可数名词+ than ……⽐……数量多e.g. I have more friends than you.2.few (修饰可数名词) ----fewer----fewestlittle (修饰不可数名词）----less----leastfewer +可数名词复数+ than ……⽐……数量少e.g. There are fewer boys than girls in our class.less + 不可数名词+than ……⽐……数量少e.g. I spend less money on food than my sister.3.the fewest +可数名词复数在……中最少He has the fewest books.4.the least +不可数名词在……中最少She has the least money of us.5.the most + 可数名词复数/ 不可数名词最多Daniel has the most money.⼆、副词的⽐较级和最⾼级（构成⽅法及⽤法与形容词基本相同）1.⼀般在词尾直接加er或est，例如，hard-harder-hardest fast-faster-fastest loud-louder-loudest2、部分双⾳节词和多⾳节词分别在原级前加more构成⽐较级和most构成最⾼级，例如:slowly-more slowly-most slowly clearly-more clearly-most clearlycarefully-more carefully-most carefully3、副词⽐较级和最⾼级的不规则变化well-better-best badly-worse-worstfar-farther/further-farthest/furthestUnit 3 A day out⼀、as…as的⽤法表⽰A与B在某⼀⽅⾯程度相同或不同时⽤形容词/副词原级。

8BU1 知点1、 in the past 在去n.past prep.sixteen past eight8:16sixteen to eight7:44walk past the house走房子同音： passed pass 的去式pass the letter to me把信我2、 at present目前；在= at the momentpresent 礼物many presents 多礼物3、 just now 才（一般去式状）4、used to do sth. 去常常做某事I used to go to school by bus.我去常常坐公去学校be/get used to doing sth.于做某事I am used to living here now.我在已住在里了。

be used to do/for sth. 被用来做某事Pen is used to write. 笔是用来写的。

5、east西 west 南 south 北 north6、 marry v. 婚 (短性 )marriage n.婚姻和某人婚marry sb.get married to sb.注意区： They have got married. 他婚了。

They have been married for 10 years. 他婚 10 年了。

7、 wolf狼复数： wolveswife — wives8、 over ①在⋯⋯期over the 10 years 在 10年②超He is over 30 years old.他超 30 了。

③从一到另一jump over the chair跳椅子9、on开（器）turn on the TV Open 打开；开着的open the dooroff关（器）turn off the lightkeep the door open close 关；密的close the doorup音量高；出turn up the radio keep the door closedturn close friends down音量低；拒turn down the radiointo 成turn the place into a park10、 pollution n.[U]染much pollutionpollute v. 染pollute the river染小河a polluted river一条被染的小河11、 waste n.[U] 物too much wastev.浪waste time 浪waste water 浪水12、 realize one’s dream 某人的梦想realize my dream 我的梦想n.realization 意13、 improve v. 提高 ;改善n. [C]improvementimprove the environment改善境14、in one’s way 某人的路；妨碍Don’tbe in my way.不要妨碍我。

牛津译林8B Unit1一、同步知识梳理知识点1：past and present(P6)（1）pastn. 过去，以前；in the past 在过去adj. 过去的，以前的；in the past few years 在过去的几年里prep. 经过walk past the post office走过邮局【例句】In the past, there was no underground in Nanjing.Let’s not make the past mistakes.When I walk past the post office, I see a bird flying over the tree.（2）presentadj.现在的; 目前的; 出席的n.现在; 礼物; at present 现在；a present for you=a gift for you给你的礼物vt.介绍; 出现; 提出; 赠送;【例句】Everyone can be present ed a present at present.知识点2：You’ve changed, Eddie. You used to share food with me.(P6) 你变了。

你以前跟我分享食物的。

（1）change: vt./vi. 改变，变更; change into变成n.变化，改变; change(s) to ...的变化【例句】Great changes to Nanjing have taken place.（2）use n.用途; 使用能力; 运用头脑（或身体）的能力;vt.用，使用; 行使，【常用短语】①used to (do sth.) “过去常常(做某事)”批注：否定形式：didn’t use to / usedn’t to②get/be used to(doing sth. )“习惯于(做某事)【例句】He used to go fishing every Saturday. But since he changed his job, he’s barely(几乎不) had a chance. He thinks he’ll never be used to this busy lifestyle.【拓展】useful adj. 有用的；useless adj. 无用的知识点3：I first lived in the northern part of the town with my parents.(P8)【例句】Beijing is in the northern part of China.批注：注意in the north与in the northern part of 的同义句转换。

牛津译林版八年级上册全册语法知识点复习总结一、形容词的比较级和最高级1. 形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物之间的比较，其结构如下：主语+谓语动词（系动词）+形容词比较级+than+比较对象。

2. 形容词最高级的由用法：形容词最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较，其结构为：主语+谓语动词（系动词）+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。

3. 形容词的比较级和最高级是在形容词原级的基础上变化的，分为规则变化和不规则变化。

①规则变化①不规则变化二、比较事物的数量1. 两者之间比较通常用more..than/ less... than 和fewer..than来比较两种事物之间的数量关系。

其中more... than之间加可数名间的复数形式或者不可数名词，less... than 之间加不可数名词，fewer...than 之间加可数名词的复数形式。

例：I has more apples than Lily.我的苹果比莉莉的多。

He eats less food than I for breakfast.他早饭比我吃得少。

Bobby has fewer books than Tim.波比的书比蒂姆的少。

2. 三者或三者以上比较通常用the most、the least、the fewest 来比较三者或三者以上事物之间的数量关系。

the most、the fewest、the least 分别是many/much、few、little 的最高级。

the most 表示“最…；最多”，其后既可接可数名词又可接不可数名词；the fewest 表示“最少”，其后接可数名词的复数形式；the least 表示“最少”,其后接不可数名词。

例：Jack gets the most points of the three boys.在三个男孩中，杰克的得分是最高的。

He has the least milk among them. 他的牛奶是他们之中最少的。

牛津译林版八年级英语下册8B Unit1-48B Unit1Past and present四会词组：ed to do sth.过去经常做某事2.share sth with sb与某人分享某物3.take a bus to sp/go to sp by bus乘车去某地4.ride a bike to sp/go to sp by bike骑车去某地5.in the northern part of town在镇北边6.get/be married to与某人结婚7.since then从此一直8.over the years多年以来9.turn…into…把……变成10.put the waste into the river把废物放进河里11.take action to improve the situation采取措施改善这种情况12.in some ways在某些方面13.feel a bit lonely感到有点儿寂寞14.sometimes/at times/from time to time有时15.all one’s life在某人的一生中16.over the past century在过去的一个世纪17.learn more about对…了解更多18.clean and fresh air新鲜空气19.living conditions生活条件20.railway station火车站21.return from the USA从美国归来22.at primary school在小学23.go abroad出国24.keep in touch with与某人保持联系25.much easier更加容易26.be/get used to(doing)sth习惯于(做)某事27.alone/by oneself/on one’s own单独28.on both sides of the road在路的两边rge open spaces大的开放空间30.in their free/spare time在他们的空闲时间四会句型：1.You used to share food with me!你过去经常与我分享食物！2.It took a long time to wait for the next one.要花很长时间等下一班车。

牛津译林版英语八年级下册-8B-Unit1-知识点总结汇总Oxford English 8B Unit 1: Past and PresentKey Phrases:1.In the bowl/on the plate2.Past and presentPastNoun: The time before now。

in the pastAdjective: XXX place in the past。

in the past few yearsn: Having gone by。

walk past the post officePresentAdjective: Existing or occurring now。

presentNoun: The present time。

at present。

a present for you = a gift for youVerb: Introduce。

appear。

offer。

presentXXX sentence: XXX XXX with a present at present.ed to do something。

Used to be + adjective/noun。

There used to be + nounUsed to do something: Past XXXNegative form: Used not to do something or didn't use to do somethingn form: Did someone use to do something。

or Used someone to do something?4.Be used to doing something。

Be used to something。

Get/e used to doing something/somethingNote: XXX is used to do something = Something is used for doing something (passive voice)5.Since thenSince has several meanings: (1) Since。

牛津译林版八年级下册8B-Unit3-知识总结本文档对牛津译林版八年级下册第三单元的知识进行总结，旨在帮助学生巩固所学内容。

一、主要单词和短语1. challenge - 挑战2. remote - 遥远的3. breathe - 呼吸4. wilderness - 荒野5. landscape - 风景6. steep - 陡峭的7. miracle - 奇迹8. unforgettable - 难忘的9. regret - 后悔10. existence - 存在二、重点语法和句型1. 反义词：使用not与否定词组合，如not...any more、not...until、not...without等。

例：I don't play football any more.（我不再踢足球了。

）2. 句型：there be形式：there + is/are + 名词（单/复数）+ 地点例：There is a book on the table.（桌子上有一本书。

）三、阅读理解文章主要介绍了一次在澳大利亚荒野呼吸新鲜空气的旅行，充满了挑战与刺激。

通过这次旅行，作者体会到了大自然的壮丽景色和各种挑战，也体验到了生命的脆弱和自然的魅力。

四、写作练假如你是这篇文章的作者，想进一步发表对这次旅行的感受，请根据以下要点写一篇短文：1. 表达你去荒野呼吸新鲜空气的愿望和目的。

2. 描述你在荒野中所见所闻，以及面临的挑战和困难。

3. 谈谈这次旅行对你的影响和感受。

五、词汇拓展1. challenge的同义词：difficulty, obstacle2. wilderness的同义词：wild, desolation3. regret的同义词：remorse, repentance六、总结本单元主要介绍了有关在荒野中探险的内容，学生通过阅读和练，了解了有关荒野的词汇、句型和语法知识，并有机会运用所学知识进行写作练。