(完整版)牛津译林版8B语法知识点汇总(最新整理)

译林版牛津英语8B语法点复习译林版牛津英语8B语法点复习Unit 1 Present and past现在完成时（1）一、现在完成时的构成现在完成时是由“助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词”构成。

助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。

它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。

过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。

例句：He has already finished his homework.他已经做完作业了。

He hasn't finished his homework yet.他还没有做完作业。

---Has he finished his homework yet?他已经做完作业了吗？---Yes, he has./ No, he hasn't.是的，做完了。

/不，还没有。

二、现在完成时的用法①表曩昔发生的某一动尴尬刁难目前酿成的影响或成效。

---Would you like some bread?你想要一些面包吗？---No, thanks. I have had my breakfast.不，感谢，我曾吃过早餐了。

（对现在的影响：不饿）---Why don't you drive to your office?你为甚么不开车去办公室啊？---Because my car has broken.因为我的车坏了。

（对目前的影响：车没举措开了）①表示从过去开始一直持续到现在,也许还会继续下去的动作或状态。

He has studied English for 6 years.他已经研究英语六年了。

Mary has been busy since she came back from Hangzhou.自从从杭州回来，玛丽一直在忙。

3、常和目前完成时连用的工夫状语①用副词already和yet。

already一般用于一定句中，yet 一般用于否定句和疑问句中。

We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。

牛津初中英语8B unit1—unit8 知识点归纳8B Unit1【考点精讲】一、核心词汇1．past n．[考点点拨] past作名词，意为“过去”，其还可作介词和形容词，可用于如下情况：in the past （n．）在过去；half past(prep.)five 5点半；in the past(adj.)three years在过去的3年里。

如：When he walks past our desks, he always knocks ourbooks and pens off the desks.当他走过我们课桌的时候，他总是把我们的书本和钢笔从课桌上碰掉下来。

The boy finished his homework with the help of his father in the past.这个男孩过去是在他父亲的帮助下完成作业的。

2．present n．[考点点拨]present作名词，意为“现在，目前”。

At present＝at the moment＝right now目前；其还可作形容词，your present job你目前的工作；present用作名词，还可表示“礼物”，a birthday present -份生日礼物。

如：He is washing his clothes at present.现在他正在洗衣服。

3．northern adj。

[考点点拨] 方位词：north-northern; west-western; south-southern; east-eastern。

如：in the north of China ＝in the northern part of China在中国北部East China华东；North China华北The northern part of the city used to be sparsely populated, but has now become a cultural centre. 城北过去人口稀少，但现在成了文化中心。

牛津英语8B Unit 1 Past and present一、重点短语汇总解析1. 在碗里in the bowl 在盘子里on the plate2. 过去和现在past and present（1）pastn. 过去，以前；in the past 在过去adj. 过去的，以前的；in the past few years 在过去的几年里prep. 经过walk past the post office走过邮局（2）presentadj.现在的; 目前的; 出席的n.现在; 礼物; at present 现在； a present for you=a gift for you给你的礼物vt.介绍; 出现; 提出; 赠送;【例句】Everyone can be presented a present at present.3. 过去常常…，曾经…(1) used to do sth，(2)used to be+ adj. (3) used to be+ n.(4) 某地曾经有什么:There used to be+n.疑问式Did sb否定式used not to do sth或didn’t use to do sth→〈知识链接〉⑴used to do sth →use to do sth?或Used sb to do sth?4.(1) 习惯于做某事be used to doing sth(2)习惯于某物be used to sth.(3) 逐渐习惯于… get / become used to doing sth/ sth注意：sth. be used to do sth. = sth be used for doing sth. 某物被用来做某事(被动语态)从那以后since then〈知识链接〉since 有几个意思（1）既然（2）因为（3）自...以来（现在完成时）6. (1)搬家move house, (2)搬到Paris: move to Paris.(3)搬走move away (4) 搬入新公寓move into new flats. (区别move in 无宾语)(5) 搬出小镇move out of the town (区别：move out 无宾语)〈知识链接〉move 的名词形式movement. 本课improve 的名词形式improvement。

牛津译林八年级下册8BUnit1 知识梳理一、重点词汇：1. 时态标志词：一般现在时：from time to time=at times一般过去时：in the past现在进行时：at present现在完成时：in/during/over the past/last XX years / just /since /ever /over the years before (在句末，副词) yet recently重要考点：1) already, yet, just区别already, just只能用于肯定句，yet用于否定句和疑问句just只能放在have和done中间，already可以放在have和done中间或句末，yet只能放在句末。

2) since和for的区别，since的用法since+过去时间点；since+时间段 ago；since+从句(一般过去时) ；since doingIt is 时间段 since+从句for+时间段（注意时态未必是完成时，要看有没有持续到现在）3) just和just now的区别：just是现完标志词，just now是过去时4) ever表示的曾经不同于once，是现完标志词，一般用于疑问句，位置在done前面ever句型：It is the 最高级 sth that I have ever done5) before做副词才是现完标志词，做连词不是。

2. used to用法：(1) 句型：过去常常做used to do 过去有 there used to be 过去是 used to be(2) 同义：used to=once(3) 否定形式：usedn’t to didn’t use to(4) 辨析：be used to doing 习惯于做某事 be used to do 被用来做某事3. northern:在中国北部：in the north of China=in the northern part of China4. married:(1) 注意介词：get married to sb.(2) 持续性动词：be married to(3) 变形：marry vt. marry sb. marriage n. (了解)5. in some ways 在某种程度上way的短语：in this way 用这种方法 on the way to 在去某地的路上 in one’s way 挡了某人的道by the way 顺便说一下6. interview vt. 采访，面试 n. 采访，面试考点：区分动词，名词：have interviewed sb. have interviews with sb.7. return vi. 返回 vt. 归还return to return from 不与back共用return sth. to sb.8. abroad adv. 在国外go abroad 持续性动词be abroad 前面不加介词9. exactly adv. 正是，没错考查变形：exact-exactly考查中文提示：正是如此，确切地考查情景交际。

牛津初中英语8B unit1 —unit8知识点归纳8B Unitl【考点精讲】—、核心词汇1. past n.［考点点拨］past作名词，意为"过去”，其还可作介词和形容词，可用于如下情况：in the past (n.)在过去；half past(prep.)five 5 点半；in the past(adj.)three years 在过去 3 年里。

如：When he walks past our desks, he always kno cks ourbooks and pens off the desks.当他走过我们课桌的时候，他总是把我们的书本和钢笔从课桌上碰掉下来。

The boy fini shed his homework with the help of his father in the past.这个男孩过去是在他父亲的帮助下完成作业的。

2. present n.［考点点拨］present作名词，意为"现在，目前” 。

At present = at the moment = right now目前；其还可作形容词，your present job你目前的工作；present用作名词，还可表示"礼物” ，a birthday prese nt -份生日礼物。

如：He is washi ng his clothes at prese nt.现在他正在洗衣服。

3. northern adj。

［考点点拨］方位词：north-northern; west-western; south-southern; east-eastern。

如：in the n orth of China = in the n orther n part of China在中国北部East China 华东；North China 华北The n orther n part of the city used to be sparsely populated, but has now become a cultural cen tre. 城北过去人口稀少，但现在成了文化中心。

8B Unit1 知识点解析与练习1. past and present 过去和现在past 1). n. in the past(一般过去时)2). adj. in the past few years(现在完成时)3). prep. walk past 经过= ____________present 1). n. 现在, 目前at present 2). n. 礼物receive a present 收到一件礼物2. in the bowl在碗里; on the plate在盘子上3. 1).过去常常做某事(现在不做了)used to do sth. = often did sth. in the pastused to be…= … was/were once… = was/were… in the past和某人分享某物share sth. with sb.Eg. You often shared food with me in the past. = You ______ ______ _______ food with me.You used to be so kind to me. = You ______ _______ ______ to me _____ _____ ______. 2). 习惯于, 适应于(做)某事be/get used to (doing) sth. (现在仍如此做)我习惯于上午六点起床。

I ______ _______ ______ _________ up at 6 a.m.3). 区分：used to do sth. 过去常常做某事(现在不做)get/be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事(to为介词)4. just 1). adv. 刚才(现在完成时) I’ve just eaten it.2). adv. 正好, 恰好(加强语气) The shirt is just my size.这件衬衫正和我的尺码。

牛津译林版8B语法知识点汇总Unit 1词组：1和…玩play with sb2不再…not…any more3不同时期的交通工具transport at different times4阳光镇的变化the changes to Sunshine Town5非常了解这个地方know the place well 6从那时起since then7自从2005年以来since20058自从去年以来since last year9自从三个星期前以来since three weeks ago10搬家move house11搬到南京move to Nanjing12搬进一座新公寓move to/into a new flat13在…南部in the southern part of14结婚get married15和某人结婚be/get married to sb/marry sb16变化很大change a lot17在过去in the past18在现在at present19这些年以来over/during the years20把…变成…turn…into…21在周末at weekends22打牌play cards23下中国象棋play Chinese chess24愉快的假期pleasant holiday25玩得很开心have a pleasant time26水污染water pollution27噪音污染noise pollution28过去经常做某事used to do sth29像以前一样经常地…as often as before 30把…排进/倒进…dump…into…31一个很严重的问题a very serious problem32采取行动做某事take action to do sth33减少污染reduce the pollution34在某种程度上in some ways35顺便问一下by the way36在去…的路上on the way to…37挡路in the way38开阔的空间/户外活动场所open space 39不时地，偶尔from time to time40从…搬出去move out of…41事实上，实际上in fact42一处自然景点地方a place of natural beauty43一个新的火车站a new railway station 44从…借…borrow sth from sb45借给某人…/把…借给…lend sb sth=lend sth to sb46例如for example/such as47在使用中be in use=be in service48带…去…take sb to…49一所小学a primary school50我也是Me,too.51独自地on one’s own=by oneself=alone 52空余时间free time53有同感have the same feeling54青山环绕green hills around55清新的空气fresh air56良好的环境a good environment57发展缓慢less development58离…远be far(away)from59离…近be close to…60给…造成许多麻烦cause many problems for…61近期照片recent photos62在近几年中in recent years63…的反义词the opposite of…64有好运have good luck65把…扔掉throw sth away66一个真正的问题a real problem67写一篇有关阳光镇的文章write an article on Sunshine Town68在过去的一个世纪over the past century69关于北京的过去和现在about Beijing’s past and present70感冒have a cold71患重感冒have a bad cold72受到某人的来信hear from sb=receive a letter from 73乘飞机旅行travel by plane/by air 74享受阳光和沙滩enjoy the sun and the beach语法：现在完成时（I）我们用现在完成时表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态，或已完成但对现在有一定影响的活动。

牛津初中英语8B unit1—unit8 知识点归纳8B Unit1【考点精讲】一、核心词汇1．past n．[考点点拨] past作名词，意为“过去”，其还可作介词和形容词，可用于如下情况：in the past （n．）在过去；half past(prep.)five 5点半；in the past(adj.)three years在过去的3年里。

如：When he walks past our desks, he always knocks ourbooks and pens off the desks.当他走过我们课桌的时候，他总是把我们的书本和钢笔从课桌上碰掉下来。

The boy finished his homework with the help of his father in the past.这个男孩过去是在他父亲的帮助下完成作业的。

2．present n．[考点点拨]present作名词，意为“现在，目前”。

At present＝at the moment＝right now目前；其还可作形容词，your present job你目前的工作；present用作名词，还可表示“礼物”，a birthday present -份生日礼物。

如：He is washing his clothes at present.现在他正在洗衣服。

3．northern adj。

[考点点拨] 方位词：north-northern; west-western; south-southern; east-eastern。

如：in the north of China ＝in the northern part of China在中国北部East China华东；North China华北The northern part of the city used to be sparsely populated, but has now become a cultural centre. 城北过去人口稀少，但现在成了文化中心。

译林牛津八年级下册8B知识点梳理(共37页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--牛津初中英语8B unit1—unit8 知识点归纳8B Unit1【考点精讲】一、核心词汇1．past n．[考点点拨] past作名词，意为“过去”，其还可作介词和形容词，可用于如下情况：in the past（n．）在过去；half past(prep.)five 5点半；in thepast(adj.)three years在过去的3年里。

如：When he walks past our desks, he always knocks ourbooks and pens off the desks.当他走过我们课桌的时候，他总是把我们的书本和钢笔从课桌上碰掉下来。

The boy finished his homework with the help of his father in the past.这个男孩过去是在他父亲的帮助下完成作业的。

2．present n．[考点点拨]present作名词，意为“现在，目前”。

At present＝at the moment＝right now目前；其还可作形容词，your present job你目前的工作；present用作名词，还可表示“礼物”，a birthday present -份生日礼物。

如：He is washing his clothes at present.现在他正在洗衣服。

3．northern adj。

[考点点拨] 方位词：north-northern; west-western; south-southern; east-eastern。

如：in the north of China ＝ in the northern part of China在中国北部East China华东；North China华北The northern part of the city used to be sparsely populated, but has now become a cultural centre.城北过去人口稀少，但现在成了文化中心。

牛津初中英语8B unit1-unit8 知识点归纳8B Unit1【考点精讲】一、核心词汇1．past n．[考点点拨］past作名词，意为“过去”，其还可作介词和形容词，可用于如下情况：in the past （n．）在过去；half past（prep.）five 5点半；in the past（adj。

)three years在过去的3年里。

如：When he walks past our desks，he always knocks ourbooks and pens off the desks.当他走过我们课桌的时候，他总是把我们的书本和钢笔从课桌上碰掉下来。

The boy finished his homework with the help of his father in the past.这个男孩过去是在他父亲的帮助下完成作业的。

2．present n．［考点点拨］present作名词，意为“现在，目前"。

At present＝at the moment＝right now目前;其还可作形容词，your present job你目前的工作；present用作名词，还可表示“礼物"，a birthday present —份生日礼物。

如：He is washing his clothes at present.现在他正在洗衣服。

3．northern adj.[考点点拨］方位词：north-northern；west-western; south-southern; east-eastern。

如：in the north of China ＝in the northern part of China在中国北部East China华东；North China华北The northern part of the city used to be sparsely populated, but has now become a cultural centre。

重点短语过去和现在past and present过去常常做某事，曾经做某事used to do sth.过去常常是……，曾经是……used to be + n./adj.习惯于做某事,适应于做某事be/get used to doing sth.习惯于…，适应于…be/get used to + 名词或代词被用来做某事(被动语态) be used to do sth.不同时期的运输工具transport at different times过去常常骑自行车去学校used to go to school by bike= used to ride the bike to school环游城市go around the city搬家move house搬到某地move to sp搬离（某地）move away (from sp.)（从某地）搬出来move out (of sp.)搬进新的公寓move into the new flats住在镇北live in the northern part of town= live in the north of town结婚（动作）/ 结婚（状态）get married / be married (adj.) 和某人结婚 get/be married with sb嫁给某人/ 娶某人marry (vt.) sb.把A嫁给B marry A to B对…..很了解know …very well从那时起since then在几年间改变很多change a lot over the years搬到两个街区远的地方move two blocks away在镇中心in the town centre = in the centre of town把A变成B turn A into B= change A into B把镇中心的部分地方变成一个新地方turn part of the town centre into a new park把废弃物倒进河里put the waste into the river意识到这个问题realize the problem采取行动改善这个情况take action to improve the situation一家钢铁厂/ 两家钢铁厂 a steel factory / two steel factories在某些方面,在某种程度上in some ways通过很多方法in many ways打牌下中国象棋play cards and Chinese chess感到有点寂寞feel a bit lonely= feel a little lonely一座偏远的山村 a lonely mountain village独自生活live alone有时，偶尔，间或，时不时地from time to time = at times = sometimes像以前一样经常/频繁as often as before采访某人have an interview (n.) with sb.= interview (vt.) sb.一生（从出生到死或到现在）all one’s life / all ones' lives在过去的世纪over the past century到现在为止 till/until now变成一个现代化的小镇become a modern town 乘公交车进出小镇travel to and from the town by bus居住环境living conditions天气状况weather condition当地人local people从美国回来 return from the USA = come back from America回到某地去 return to sp = go back to spreturn sth. to sb. = give sth. back to sb.火车站the railway station去国外，出国go abroad上一次互相见面last see each other (adv.)主要通过邮件联系mainly communicate by email和某人交流communicate with sb. = have a communication with sb.使联系变得容易多了make communication much easier和某人保持联系keep in touch with sb.（河流）流过，流经run through独自on one’s own = by oneself = alone到处是垃圾 rubbish everywhere两边都是绿色green trees on both sides在一些宽阔的空地in some large open spaces 狭窄和脏的马路narrow and dirty roads享受舒服的生活enjoy a comfortable life重点句子：1. —Have you seen my food? 你见到过我的食物了吗？—Yes, I have just eaten it. 是的，我刚刚吃了它。

8BU1 知点1、 in the past 在去n.past prep.sixteen past eight8:16sixteen to eight7:44walk past the house走房子同音： passed pass 的去式pass the letter to me把信我2、 at present目前；在= at the momentpresent 礼物many presents 多礼物3、 just now 才（一般去式状）4、used to do sth. 去常常做某事I used to go to school by bus.我去常常坐公去学校be/get used to doing sth.于做某事I am used to living here now.我在已住在里了。

be used to do/for sth. 被用来做某事Pen is used to write. 笔是用来写的。

5、east西 west 南 south 北 north6、 marry v. 婚 (短性 )marriage n.婚姻和某人婚marry sb.get married to sb.注意区： They have got married. 他婚了。

They have been married for 10 years. 他婚 10 年了。

7、 wolf狼复数： wolveswife — wives8、 over ①在⋯⋯期over the 10 years 在 10年②超He is over 30 years old.他超 30 了。

③从一到另一jump over the chair跳椅子9、on开（器）turn on the TV Open 打开；开着的open the dooroff关（器）turn off the lightkeep the door open close 关；密的close the doorup音量高；出turn up the radio keep the door closedturn close friends down音量低；拒turn down the radiointo 成turn the place into a park10、 pollution n.[U]染much pollutionpollute v. 染pollute the river染小河a polluted river一条被染的小河11、 waste n.[U] 物too much wastev.浪waste time 浪waste water 浪水12、 realize one’s dream 某人的梦想realize my dream 我的梦想n.realization 意13、 improve v. 提高 ;改善n. [C]improvementimprove the environment改善境14、in one’s way 某人的路；妨碍Don’tbe in my way.不要妨碍我。

牛津译林版八年级下册8B-Unit3-重要知
识整理
本文档总结了牛津译林版八年级下册8B单元的重要知识。

以下是各部分的内容要点：
第一部分：单词和词组
- 相关单词：bleed, wound, hurt, cure, treat, injury, medical, bandage, emergency
- 相关词组：take care of, at present, have a sore throat, get injured, make a difference, look after
第二部分：语法
- 过去进行时：常用于描述过去某个时间正在发生的动作，结构为was/were + 动词-ing。

例如：I was watching TV when she called.
- 定语从句：用来修饰一个名词，在从句中常含有关系代词或关系副词，如that, who, which, when, where等。

例如：The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.
第三部分：阅读理解
本单元的阅读理解主要涉及健康和医疗方面的话题，如急救知识、保持健康的方法等。

文章包括多个题目和相关问题，需要通过阅读文章来回答问题。

第四部分：写作
本单元的写作部分要求学生描述自己或他人的一次意外事故，并分享如何应对和处理这种情况。

学生应使用过去进行时和定语从句等语法知识来描述事件，并提出建议和解决办法。

以上是牛津译林版八年级下册8B单元重要知识的整理。

希望对您有所帮助！。

译林版英语（8B）知识整理与归纳Unit1.Past and presentA. Comic strip＆ Welcome to the unit1.短语及固定搭配1.share sb with sth 与某人分享某物补充：share in sth 共同承担，分担2.be kind to 对……友好ed to do sth 过去常常做某事，曾经做某事B. Reading1.短语及固定搭配1.know sth well 对……非常了解2.since I was born 自我出生以来3.move house 搬家4.in the northern part of town=in the north of town 在镇的北面5.since then 自那时起6.over the years 在这些年期间7. in the town centre 在镇中心8. part of ……的一部分9.put the waste into the river 把废水排入河中10.in some ways在某种程度上11.most of 大多数12.move away 搬走13.as often as before 像从前一样经常14.from time to time = sometimes 不时，有时，偶尔15.turn …… into……把……变成……补充：……turn into…………变成……16. get married 结婚get married to sb与某人结婚marry sb嫁给某人，娶某人be married （状态）已婚的17.take action to do sth 采取行动做某事C. Grammar现在完成时1.构成：have/has +V-ed2.基本句式肯定句：have /has + V-ed否定句：haven’t /hasn’t +V-ed一般疑问句及答句：——Have/has ……+V-ed——Yes……have/hasNo……haven’t/hasn’t3.用法：表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态或已完成但对现在有一定影响的动作4.常用的时间表达语：already 已经 yet 还未（一般用于否定句）ever 曾经（一般用于疑问句） never 从不Just 刚才 recently 最近（句末）since 自……以来（+一段时间 ago 或时间点）for(+一段时间) before 以前（句末）5.过去分词变化①与动词原形相同如come→came→come②与动词过去式相同如get→got→got③在动词原形后面+en 如eat→ate→eaten④在以e结尾的动词原形后面+n如drive→drove→driven⑤在动词过去式后面+n 如break→broke →broken⑥一些特殊的变化举例略参见书本P122-123D. Integrated skills1.短语及固定搭配1.local people 本地人2.go abroad 出国e back = return 返回4.keep in touch 保持联系5. borrow from sb 借进来lend to sb 借出去6.hope（that）+从句希望……hope to do sth希望做某事7.keep in touch with sb 与某人保持联系补充:lose in touch with sb 与某人失去联系municate with sb = have communication with sb与某人交谈2.句子1. The Internet makes communication much easier 网络使交流简单得多2. Starlight Town has changed a lot/greatly over the years=Amazing/great changes have taken place in Starlight Town over the years 星光镇这些年变化巨大E. study skills事实和观点Facts （事实）：是对事物的客观陈述，不掺杂任何人的主观感情，意识Opinions（观点）：观点是从人的一定立场或角度出发，对事物、事件的看法观点不一定属实阅读时，要根据不同的文体，用不同的方法分清事实和观点；写作时，我们要学会运用事实来制成自己的观点，使我们的观点更有说服力1.短语及固定搭配1.be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事2.on one’s own = alone = by oneself 亲自3.spend time on 在……花时间F. Task1.短语及固定搭配1.listen to the radio 听收音机2.enjoy a comfortable life 过着舒适的生活3.make sb do sth 使某人做某事补充：make sb /sth+名词e.g. We made Jack our monitor 我们选举jack当班长2.句子1.Now the streets are wide and clean with many green trees on both sides现在街道又宽又干净，两处绿树掩映2.Many families even has their own cars 许多家庭甚至有了私家车Unit2 TravellingA. Comic strip ＆ Welcome to the Unit1.短语及固定搭配1.get all my things 带上我所有的东西2.so excited 如此的激动3.places of interest 名胜4.the capital of ……的首都5.go to ……for holiday 去……度假6. be/get ready to do sth 准备好做某事be/get ready for sth 准备好某事7. have been to 去过某地（已回）have gone to 去了某地（未回）have been in 去某地（在该地）2.句子I don’t think it’ll be a holiday for me 我认为这对我而言不是一个假期补充：常见的否定前置词：think，believe等B. Reading1.短语及固定搭配1.haven’t seen each other 没有见到彼此2.have been in Hong Kong for two days 在香港两天3.have a fantastic time 度过一段美妙的时光=have fun 玩得开心=have a good/great /nice /wonderful time 过得愉快=enjoy oneself 玩得开心，过得愉快4.roller coaster 过山车5.move at high（/top/full）speed 高速运动补充：at low speed 低速6.through the ride 在乘坐的过程中7.have a quick meal 吃一份简餐8.on the way 在路上on the way to 在……的路上补充：与way有关的短语1.in some ways(同步练习上介绍的是：in a way)在某种程度上2.by the way 顺便问一下3.in one’s way 挡住某人的去路4.lost one‘s way 迷路5.all the way 一路上，沿路6.one the way 在路上，即将发生7.make one’s way 某人动身（去某处），前进8.find one’s way 找到路，找到解决方法9.such as 例如（一般后面跟多个例子）10.get excited 兴奋起来11. a parade of ……的游行ter in the afternoon= in the later afternoon 傍晚13.the best part of the day一天中最好的部分14.take photos 拍照15.a 4-D film 一场4D电影16.do some shopping 购物17.a couple of 一对，几个18.let me have a look 让我看看19.at the speed of 以……的速度20.hurry to do sth 赶着做某事22.can’t stop doing sth 忍不住做某事，情不自禁做某事23.take photos of 拍……的照片24. be like 像（可指外貌或者品质）look like 像（单指外貌）25. buy sb sthbuy sth for sb26. in front of 在……（外部的）前面in the front of 在……（内部的）前面27. at the end of 在……的末尾in the end(=finally=at last) 最后by the end of（通常加时间词）到……为止C. Grammara. have/has been 与have/has gone 的区别have/has been表示某人曾经去过某地，并且已经回来了e.g. He has been to the Great Wall twice 他曾经去过长城两次have/has gone 表示某人已经去了某地，但还没回来e.g. He has gone to the cinema 他去看电影了b. for 和since 的用法for+时间段e.g. He has been away from China for two years他离开中国已有两年了since+时间点 / 时间段+agoe.g. He has lived in Nanjing since 2010 自2010以来，他一直住在南京补充：since+从句e.g. Great changes have taken place since you left自从你离开，就发生了很大的变化It is +一段时间+since+从句e.g. It is years since I graduated from University自从我大学毕业以来已经有两年了带时间状语的现在完成时的句子中，谓语动词中短暂性动词需转换为延续性动词常见的有（书本P.28，P.134）D. Integrated Skills1.短语及固定搭配1.in any season 在任何季节2.all yea round 全年，一年到头3.love water sports 热爱水上运动4.go there in any season except winter 除了冬天的任何一个季节去那5.on cold and Snowy days 在寒冷的下雪天6.on business 出差7.take a direct flight to Cheng Du 直飞成都2.句子1.The best time go there is in spring or autumn 去那的最好时间是春天或秋天2.Do you have any plans for the May Day holidays 五一假期有什么打算3.Howlong does it take to fly to Cheng Du 乘飞机到成都要多久E. Study skills主旨和细节主旨（main points）是作者思想和写作意图在文中的集中体现，起着统率和支配全文的作用。

牛津译林版8B语法知识点汇总Unit 1词组：1 和…玩play with sb2 不再…not…any more3 不同时期的交通工具transport at different times4 阳光镇的变化the changes to Sunshine Town5 非常了解这个地方know the place well6 从那时起since then7 自从2005年以来since 20058 自从去年以来since last year9 自从三个星期前以来since three weeks ago10 搬家move house11 搬到南京move to Nanjing12 搬进一座新公寓move to/ into a new flat13 在…南部in the southern part of14 结婚get married15 和某人结婚be/ get married to sb/ marry sb16 变化很大change a lot17 在过去in the past18 在现在at present19 这些年以来over/ during the years20 把…变成…turn…into…21 在周末at weekends22 打牌play cards23 下中国象棋play Chinese chess24 愉快的假期pleasant holiday25 玩得很开心have a pleasant time26 水污染water pollution27 噪音污染noise pollution28 过去经常做某事used to do sth29 像以前一样经常地…as often as before30 把…排进/ 倒进…dump…into…31 一个很严重的问题a very serious problem32 采取行动做某事take action to do sth33 减少污染reduce the pollution34 在某种程度上in some ways35 顺便问一下by the way 36 在去…的路上on the way to…37 挡路in the way38 开阔的空间/ 户外活动场所open space39 不时地，偶尔from time to time40 从…搬出去move out of…41 事实上，实际上in fact42 一处自然景点地方a place of natural beauty43 一个新的火车站a new railway station44从…借…borrow sth from sb45借给某人…/把…借给…lend sb sth= lend sth to sb46 例如for example/ such as47 在使用中be in use= be in service48 带…去…take sb to …49 一所小学a primary school50 我也是Me, too.51 独自地on one’s own= by oneself= alone52 空余时间free time53 有同感have the same feeling54 青山环绕green hills around55 清新的空气fresh air56 良好的环境a good environment57 发展缓慢less development58 离…远be far (away) from59 离…近be close to…60 给…造成许多麻烦cause many problems for…61 近期照片recent photos62 在近几年中in recent years63 …的反义词the opposite of…64 有好运have good luck65 把…扔掉throw sth away66 一个真正的问题a real problem67 写一篇有关阳光镇的文章write an article on Sunshine Town68在过去的一个世纪over the past century 69关于北京的过去和现在about Beijing’s past and present70感冒have a cold71 患重感冒have a bad cold72 受到某人的来信hear from sb= receive a letter from 73 乘飞机旅行travel by plane/ by air74 享受阳光和沙滩enjoy the sun and the beach语法：现在完成时（I）我们用现在完成时表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态，或已完成但对现在有一定影响的活动。

牛津译林版英语八年级下册-8B-Unit1-知识点总结汇总Oxford English 8B Unit 1: Past and PresentKey Phrases:1.In the bowl/on the plate2.Past and presentPastNoun: The time before now。

in the pastAdjective: XXX place in the past。

in the past few yearsn: Having gone by。

walk past the post officePresentAdjective: Existing or occurring now。

presentNoun: The present time。

at present。

a present for you = a gift for youVerb: Introduce。

appear。

offer。

presentXXX sentence: XXX XXX with a present at present.ed to do something。

Used to be + adjective/noun。

There used to be + nounUsed to do something: Past XXXNegative form: Used not to do something or didn't use to do somethingn form: Did someone use to do something。

or Used someone to do something?4.Be used to doing something。

Be used to something。

Get/e used to doing something/somethingNote: XXX is used to do something = Something is used for doing something (passive voice)5.Since thenSince has several meanings: (1) Since。