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核能专业英语试题（A卷）考试时间：90分钟姓名：班级：学号：The most elementary concept is that matter is composed of individual particles – atoms – that retain their identity as elements in ordinary physical and chemical interactions. Thus a collection of helium atoms that forms a gas has a total weight that is the sum of the weights of the individual atoms. Also, when two elements combine to form a compound, the total weight of the new substance is the sum of the origin elements.1.公认的物质的概念是：物质是由单个粒子——原子组成，在普通的化学和物理反应中原子保持了元素的特性。
因此，因此一团由氦原子组成的气体的重量就是其中每一个原子重量的总和。
同样，当两种元素结合成化合物时，新物质的总重量是原先的元素的质量之和。
Bohr assumed that the atom consists of a single electron moving at constant speed in a circular orbit about a nucleus --the proton--as sketched in Fig. X.X. Each particle has an electric charge of l.6×l0-l9 coulombs, but the proton has a mass that is 1836 times that of the electron.2.波尔假设（氢）原子由一个单独的电子绕着一个核子——质子，以圆形轨道作恒定速度的移动——见图X.X，每个粒子有l.6×l0-l9库伦的电量，质子的质量是电子质量的1836倍。
《核电专业英语》课程教学大纲课程编号：0805307313课程名称：核电专业英语英文名称：Professional English of Nuclear Power Generation课程类型:专业基础课总学时：32 讲课学时：32 实验学时：0学分：2适用对象:热能动力工程专业（核电站集控运行方向）先修课程：大学英语、专业基础课及专业课一、课程性质、目的和任务本课程为四年制本科热能动力工程（核电站集控运行方向）专业的一门专业课程。
在学生完成大学英语学习的基础上，本课程结合核电厂生产过程的实际情况，选取相关的国外原文材料和引进机组的技术资料，通过讲授科技英语的语法特点和文体结构，以及科技英语文献的阅读和翻译的方法和技巧，使学生掌握一定数量的常用专业词汇、专业术语，能够顺利阅读和理解专业英语书籍和文献，在本专业领域达到一定的英文写作能力。
二、教学基本要求1、通过本课程的学习，使学生掌握本专业常用英语词汇和习惯表达方式。
2、掌握科技英语语法特点和科技英语文献的结构特点。
3、提高英语阅读和翻译能力，能够从英文资料中获取知识，能熟练阅读与专业相关的英文技术文献和书籍。
4、在本专业领域具备一定的英文写作能力。
三、教学内容及要求1、The Senteces of Nuclear Power English（核电英语短句）2、Words of Nuclear Power English （核电英语词汇）3、Philosophy of Reactor Plant （核电站原理）；4、Installation Knowledge of Nuclear Power （核电安装知识）;5、General Introduction of API000 Project （AP1000 简介）；6、Introduction of 300MGW Pressurized Water Reactor （30 万千瓦压水堆介绍）；7、General Introduction of ERP Project （ERP 项目介绍）;8、General Introduction of CRP Project （CRP 项目介绍）；9、General Introduction of CANDU Project （CANDU 项目介绍）;10、Treatment of On-site Problem （现场问题处理）每次课由教师选定英语文献中的重要内容，进行专业词汇、科技英语语法及阅读理解等方面的讲授，并选择相关的阅读材料，指导学生进行阅读、翻译、写作等环节实践。
中国核工业集团公司英语水平考试大纲一、考试的性质与目的中国核工业集团公司英语水平考试（CNNC EPT）是中核集团公司专为其总部及成员单位公派出国人员设计的一种英语水平测试。
其命题不针对任何具体课程或教材，而是根据出国工作和生活的实际需要而设计，着重测试考生实际掌握和运用英语的能力。
中核集团公司英语水平考试由中核集团公司国际合作部统一组织命题，每年年中（6月或7月）和年底（12月或次年1月）各举行一次。
通过该考试者，中核集团公司将根据成绩颁发合格证书，并作为中核集团公司审批公派出国的依据之一。
本考试是一种标准化测试，由笔试和口试两大部分组成。
二、考试内容与结构(一)笔试部分笔试共有四部分，即听力理解、语言知识运用、阅读理解和书面表达，满分为100分，考试时间为135分钟。
本部分的题目数、分值、计分和参考用时如下：各部分要求如下：第一部分：听力理解（Part I. Listening Comprehension）本部分主要测试考生能否听懂每分钟120－150单词的对话和一般性题材的讲话。
具体要求是：（1）理解所听到的对话和讲话的大意；（2）抓住其中的主要事实；（3）根据所听到的材料进行推理和判断；（4）理解说话人的目的和态度。
本部分考试内容共有三节：A节（10题）：每题为一段两个人的对话，之后由第三个人提出一个问题。
录音只放一遍。
要求考生根据所听到的内容，从每题所给的四个选择项中选出最佳答案，然后在答题纸（1）的相应位置用粗横线作出标记。
B节（10题）：本节由2－3篇较长的讲话或会话构成，每篇文章后面有若干问题。
录音只放一遍。
要求考生根据所听到的内容，从每题所给的四个选择项中选出最佳答案，然后在答题纸（1）的相应位置用粗横线作出标记。
C节（10题）：本节由一篇对话或独白构成，录音放两遍。
要求考生根据所听到的内容，回答问题或补充信息或进行信息匹配等。
考生应在答题纸（1）上作答。
听力考试进行时，考生可将答案划在试卷上；听力部分结束前，考生有5分钟的时间将试卷上的答案填涂或誊写到答题纸（1）上。
核工程专业英语词汇(整理版)本文档旨在整理核工程专业常用的英语词汇，以帮助读者更好地理解和运用相关领域的英语术语。
1. Nuclear engineering - 核工程2. Nuclear power plant - 核电站3. Reactor - 反应堆4. Nuclear n - 核裂变5. Nuclear n - 核聚变6. active - 放射性的7. e - 同位素8. Criticality - 临界性9. n - 辐射10. n - 污染11. active waste - 放射性废物12. Shielding - 屏蔽13. n dose - 辐射剂量14. Nuclear safety - 核安全15. Emergency preparedness - 应急准备17. Nuclear fuel - 核燃料18. Nuclear ___ - 核燃料循环19. ___ - 核废物处理20. Nuclear n - 核能监管21. ___ - 核扩散22. Nuclear accident - 核事故23. Nuclear security - 核安全24. Nuclear medicine - 核医学25. logy - 放射科学26. Nuclear physics - 核物理学27. ___ - 核能28. Neutron - 中子29. Gamma ray - 伽玛射线30. Alpha particle - 阿尔法粒子以上为部分核工程专业英语词汇，希望能对您有所帮助。
如需进一步了解相关术语和概念，请参考专业教材或相关文献。
、词汇简写与翻译 1、聚变 fusion 裂变 fission2、安全壳 Containment Structure3、包壳 Cladding4、控制棒 Control Rods5、压力容器 Reactor Vessel6、汽轮机 Turbine7、冷凝器 Condenser8、RCP 反应堆冷却剂泵 Reactor Coolant Pumps9、SG 蒸汽发生器 Steam Generator10、SFR 钠冷快堆系统 Sodium Cooled Fast Reactor System11、LFR 铅冷快堆系统 Lead Alloy Cooled Fast Reactor System12、GFR 气冷快堆系统 Gas Cooled Fast Reactor System13、VHTR 超高温堆系统 Supercritical Water Cooled Reactor System14、MSR 熔盐堆系统 Molten Salt Reactor System15、RPV 反应堆压力容器 Reactor Pressure Vessel16、IAEA 国际原子能组织 International Atomic Energy Agency17、EPR 欧洲压水堆 European Pressurized Reactor18、ABWR 先进的沸水反应堆 Advanced Boiling Water Reactor19、PWR 压水堆 Pressure Water Reactor20、BWR 沸水堆 Boiling Water Reactor21、CEFR 中国实验快堆 China Experiment Fast Reactor22、DOE 美国能源部 Department of Energy23、NRC 美国核管理委员会 Nuclear Regulatory Commission24、CNNC 中国核工业集团总公司 The China National Nuclear Corporation25、CGN26、CSS安全壳喷淋系统 Containment Spray System27、RCS 反应堆冷却剂系统 Reactor Coolant System28、OBE 运行基准地震 Operating Basis Earthquake29、DBA 设计基准事故 Design Basic Accident30、QA 质量保证 Quality Assurance31、ASME 美国机械工程师协会 American Society of Mechanical Engineers32、CVCS 化学和容积控制系统 Chemical and Volume Control System33、RBWM/REA 反应堆硼和水的补给系统 Reactor Boron and Water Make up34、RHR 余热排出系统 Residual Heat Removal35、CCWS/RRI 设备冷却系统 Component Cooling Water System36、ESWS/SEC 重要厂用水系统 Essential Service Water System37、PTR 反应堆换料水池和乏燃料池冷却和处理系统R eactor Cavity and Spent Fuel Pool Cooling and Treatment38、WTS 废物处理系统 Waste Treatment System39、热管段： hot leg 冷管段： cool leg40、PPM 百万分之一 Parts Per Million41、RX：安全壳厂房KX ：燃料厂房及换料水池1.核能在人类生产和生活中的应用的主要形式是核电。
核电专业词汇abnormal condition 异常工况absorber rod 吸收棒absorption cross section 吸收截面acceleration pressure drop 加速度压降acceptable daily intake 日允许摄入量acceptance 验收acceptance standard 验收标准acceptance test 验收实验accident analysis 事故分析accident interlocking module 事故联锁组件accident mitigation 事故缓解accident source 事故源accident shutdown 事故停堆accumulator 安注箱activation 活化active component 能动部件active power 有用功率actuate 驱动，动作activity concentration 放射性浓度activity level 放射性活度administration building and emergency center water supply and drainage system办公楼及应急中心给排水系统absorber chiller 吸收式制冷机aerodynamic behavior 空气动力特性after filter(or post-filter) 后置过滤器after-power，residual heat power 剩余功率air change rate 换气率air delivery pipe 供气管道air filter unit 空气过滤机组air flow rate 空气流量air hose 空气软管air pump 抽气泵air self-cooling type 空气自冷式airborne particulate sample 气载粒子取样器alarm(output) module 报警（输出）组件alarm window 报警窗absorbed dose rate 吸收剂量absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption ratio 吸收比acceleration pressure loss 加速度损失acceptance limit 可接受限值acceptance criterion 验收准则acceptance report 验收报告access 通道，入口accident conditions 事故工况accident management 事故处理accident prevention 事故预防accidental exposure 事故照射accumulated dose 累积剂量acid-proof tile 耐酸瓷砖active carbon filter 活性碳过滤器active core height 堆芯活性高度activity 活度administration building and emergency center ventilation system办公楼及应急中心通风系统adoption by equivalent 等同采用aerial cable 架空电缆aerosol 气溶胶after-heat, residual heat 剩余释热air breaker 空气断路器air cooler 空气冷却器air filter and absorber unit 空气过滤吸附机组air handling unit 空气处理机组air intake 采风口，进风口air sampling device 空气取样设备air submerasion dose 空气浸没剂量airborne radioactivity 气载放射性alarm 警报，报警alarm signal 报警信号albedo 反射率aligning pin 定位销alphanumeric keyboard 字母数字键盘American Concrete Institute 美国混凝土学会American National Standards Institute 美国国家标准学会American Nuclear Society 美国核学会American Society of Mechanical Engineers 美国机械工程学会Ampacity 载流量analog/digital converter 模拟/数字转换器analog signals 模拟信号anchor bolt 地角螺栓annex 附录（参考件）anti-rust agent 防锈漆anti-vibration bar 防振条anticipated operational occurrences 预期运行事件antifoam reagent 防泡剂appendix 附录（补充件）application program 应用程序arc-lamp 弧光灯armored cable 铠装电缆array 排列as-built drawing 竣工图aseismic joint 防震缝psr1 第 3 页4/26/2022603assessment 评价assessment of radiation protection 辐射防护评价atmospheric corrosion 大气腐蚀atmospheric overvoltage 大气过电压atmospheric radiation monitoring apparatus 大气辐射监测装置ATMS mitigation system ATMS 缓解系统audible count rate signal 计数率音响系统audit 监查audit plan 监查计划all volatile treatment 挥发处理ambient temperature 环境温度American Institute of Steel Construction 美国钢铁结构协会American Society for Testing and Material 美国材料与试验学会American Society of Civil Engineers 美国土木工程师学会Ammeter 电流表analog channel 模拟量通道analog input 模拟量输入analog output 模拟量输出analogue link 模拟接续线anion bed 阴离子床anti-whip device 管道防甩装置anti-seizer lubricant 防咬润滑剂anti-vibration bar 防震杆anticipated transient without scram(ATWS) 未能紧急停堆的预计瞬态apparent power 视在功率application package 应用软件包approval 批准，认可，审定area radiation monitoring system 区域辐射监测系统as low as reasonable achievable(ALARA) 合理可行尽量低assembler 汇编程序assessment of exposure 照射评价assignor 委托者，指派者asynchronous motor 异步电动机atmospheric dispersion factor 大气弥散因子atmospheric pressure 大气压力atmospheric stability 大气稳定度atom absorption spectroscopy 原子吸收谱audible signals 音响信号audit follow-up 监查后续行动audit record 监查记录circuit diagram 电路图circulating cooler 循环冷风机circulating cooling water energy disoersion 循环冷却水排放口消能系统circulating cooling water pumping station system 循环冷却水泵房系统circulating cooling water yard pipe network system 循环冷却水厂区管路系统circulation ratio 循环倍率civil works 土建工程civil construction/engineering 土木建筑/工程psr1 第3 页4/26/2022civil architecture 民用建筑civil hospital 地方医院civil service 行政事务cladding 包壳cladding flattening 包壳压扁clarification 澄清，净化classification of records 记录分类cleanout 清扫口clevis insert （堆内构件）镶块clock system 时钟系统closed circuit TV system 闭路电视系统closed-circulating cooling water 闭路循环冷却水closure head 顶盖coarse sand 粗砂coated electrode 药皮焊条cobalt-base alloy 钴基合金code case 规范案例code of federal regulation(CFR) 联邦管理法规coil stack assembly 线圈组件cold leg 冷段cold shutdown 冷停堆cold test 冷态试验cold-wall effect 冷壁效应collapse level 坍塌水位color code 色标commissioning 调试common base plate 公用底板common switchboard 公共配电盘communication system 通讯系统circular railway 环形轨道circulating cooling water drainage system 循环冷却水排放系统circulating cooling water intake system 循环冷却水吸入系统circulating cooling water treatment system 循环冷却水处理系统circulating water pump 循环水泵circumferential ridge 周向环脊clad pellet gap 包壳与芯块间的间隙cladding creep 包壳蠕变cladding strain 包壳应变clarifier 澄清槽cleaning 清水池climatology 清洗clear-water reservation 气候学clockwise 顺时针方向closed cycle cooling water system 闭式循环冷却水系统closing(circuit breaker) 合闸（断路器）coagulant 凝聚剂coast down flow 惯性流量coaxial cable 同轴电缆psr1 第 5 页4/26/2022605code 代码code controller 编码控制器coefficient of thermal expansion 热膨胀系数coil 线圈cold junction box 冷端补偿箱cold performance test 冷态性能试验cold startup 冷态启动cold void volume 冷空腔collapse 压扁collapse-fissure 塌陷裂缝collective dose equivalent 集体剂量当量command 命令committed dose equivalent 待积剂量当量common point 公共点communication link 通讯连接company standard 企业标准compartment 隔间，小室compensation 补偿compiler 编译程序completion certificate 完工证书compliance with requirements 符合要求component cooling water heat exchanger 设备冷却水热交换器component cooling water system 设备冷却水系统compressible flow 可压缩流computer network 计算机网络conceptual design 方案设计condensate cooler 凝结水冷却器condensate pump 凝结水泵condensate transfer pump 凝结水输送泵condenser vacuum system 冷凝器抽真空系统conducing wire 引出线conductor 导体，导线confidence 置信度confined point 约束点connection box 接线盒connection point 连接点conservation of energy 能量守衡conservation of momentum 动量守衡constant current power supply 恒流电源construction manager 工程经理construction quality 施工质量contractor 接触器containment air cleanup system 安全壳空气净化系统containment hydrogen recombiner system 安全壳消氢系统containment instrumentation system 安全壳仪表系统containment penetration 安全壳贯穿件containment reactor coolant drain system 安全壳疏排系统containment spray pump 安全壳喷淋泵psr1 第5 页4/26/2022compensated ionization chamber 补偿电离室compensation cable 补偿电缆complete logbook 全日志completion of erection release 安装完工证书component cooling water 设备冷却水component cooling water pump 设备冷却水泵component cooling water surge tank 设备冷却水波动箱composite structure 混合结构compressed air system 压缩空气系统concentrate storage tank 浓缩液储存箱condensate 凝结水condensate polishing system 凝结水净化系统condenser 冷凝器condition adverse to quality 不利于质量条件conductive integral 积分热导率conduit 电缆管，电线套configuration 配置conical head 锥形封头connection diagram 接线图connector 连接器conservation of mass 质量守恒console 控制台constant voltage power supply 恒压电源construction permit 建造许可证contact conductance 接触热导contained source 内在源containment hydrogen mixing system 安全壳氢气混合系统containment hydrogen ventilation system 安全壳氢气排风系统containment isolation signal 安全壳隔离信号containment purge ventilation system 安全壳清洗通风系统containment spray heat exchanger 安全壳喷淋热交换器containment spray signal 安全壳喷淋信号containment spray system heat exchanger 安全壳喷淋系统热交换器continuity 连续性contraction coefficient 收缩系数control 控制，调节control (rod) bank 调节棒组control (rod) cluster 控制棒组control board 控制盘control damper 控制风阀control logic cabinet 控制逻辑柜control of items 物项管理control rod 控制棒control rod drive line 控制棒驱动线control rod drive mechanism(CRDM) 控制棒驱动机构control rod ejection 弹棒control rod movement speed 控制棒移动速度control rod withdrawal 控制棒提升psr1 第7 页4/26/2022607control switch 控制开关controller area access personal dose monitoring and management system控制区出入口剂量监测和管理系统conventional island(CI) 常规岛converter 转换装置conveyer car 运输小车coolant flow rate 冷却剂流速coolant mixing 冷却剂交混cooler 冷却器cooling tower 冷却塔core area 堆芯区域core barrel cylinder 堆芯吊篮组件core configuration 堆芯布置core integrity 堆芯完整性core mixing subfactor 堆芯交混分因子core reflooding 堆芯再淹没core support pad 堆芯支承块containment spray system 安全壳喷淋系统containment sump 安全壳地坑content by weight 重量含量continuous welding 连接焊contraction pressure loss 收缩压力损失control (rod) assembly 控制棒组件control (rod) calibration 控制棒刻度control (rod) group 调节棒组control cable 控制电缆control level of surface contamination 表面污染控制水平control of purchased items 已购物项管理control rod control system 控制棒控制系统control rod drive line alignment 控制线对中control rod dropping time 控制棒落棒时间control rod guide thimble 控制棒导向管control rod position indication 控制棒棒位指示control volume 控制容积controlled area 控制区convection boiling 对流沸腾conventional island DC&AC UPS system 常规岛直流和交流电源系统conveyer belt 传送带coolant chemistry 冷却剂水化学coolant mass flow rate 冷却剂质量流量coolant specific enthalpy 冷却剂比焓cooling coil 冷却盘管cooling water 冷却水core average heat flux(density) 堆芯平均热通量core barrel flange 吊篮筒体法兰core flow subfactor 堆芯流量分因子core maximum heat flux 堆芯最大热通量core physics 堆芯物理core shell 筒体段，堆芯筒体psr1 第7 页4/26/2022core thermal design 堆芯热工设计core uncover 堆芯裸露core void fraction 芯空泡份额corridor 走廊corrosion fatigue 腐蚀疲劳corrosion inhibitor addition tank 缓蚀剂添加箱corrosion rate 腐蚀速率cosmic radiation 宇宙射线counter area monitor 计数管区域监测仪coupling breaker 耦合开关cover 盖板CPU(central processing unit) 中央处理机CRDM cooling system 控制棒驱动机构冷却通风系统CRDM ventilation system 控制棒驱动机构通风系统crevice corrosion 缝隙腐蚀critical concentration 临界浓度critical exposure pathway 关键照射途径critical heat flux(CHF) 临界热流密度critical heat flux modified shape factor 临界热流密度形状修正因子critical load 危险载荷critical mass 临界质量critical mass flux 临界质量流密度critical size 临界尺寸critical volume 临界体积criticality alarm system 临界报警系统criticality safety 临界安全cross section 截面CRT (cathode-ray tube) 屏幕显示装置culvert 涵洞current density 电流密度cursor 光标cushion 垫层cut-off valve 断流阀DC hold cabinet 直流保持柜Dado 护壁板core unloading 堆芯卸料corrective action 纠正措施corrosion 腐蚀corrosion inhibitor 缓蚀剂corrosion medium 腐蚀介质corrosion product 腐蚀产物corrosion resistance 耐腐蚀性cost benefit analysis 成本效益分析counter flow 反向流coupon 试块CRDM power supply system 棒电源系统CRDM adaptor 驱动机构管座CRDM ventilation shroud 驱动机构通风管座psr1 第9 页4/26/2022609Creep 蠕变creepage distance 表面漏电距离criterion 准则critical experiment 临界实验critical flow 临界流critical heat flux modified coldwall factor 临界热流密度冷壁修正因子critical heat flux modified spacer factor 临界热流密度格架修正因子critical mass flux 临界质量流量critical nuclide 关键核素critical transfer pathway 临界键转移途径criticality accident 临界事故criticality approach curve 接近临界曲线cross flow 横向流crossover leg U型管段cubicle 小室current curve versus time 电流波形图current transformer 电流互感器curvature 曲率cut-off energy 切割能cylindrical shell 筒形壳体DC stabilized power supply 直流稳压电源daily variation coefficient 日变化系数damper 风阀dashpot characteristics 缓冲特性dashpot region 缓冲区data acquisition and processing system 数据采集和处理系统data bus 数据总线data communication system 数据传输系统data organization 数据结构date of standard implementation 标准实施日期DC&AC UPS system 直流和交流不停电电源系统deborating demineralizer 除硼床decay 衰变decay constant 衰变常数decay tank 衰变箱decontamination 去污decontamination system 去污系统degradation 恶劣degree of subcooling 过冷度delay circuit module 延迟电路组件delayed neutron fraction 缓发中子份额delithium demineralizer 除锂床demineralized water 除盐水demineralizer 除盐装置demineralized pre-filter 床前过滤器densimeter 密度计density wave 密度波deoxygenated water 除氧水psr1 第9 页4/26/2022deoxygenated water pump 除氧水泵departure from film boiling DFB 偏离膜态沸腾departure from nuclear boiling ratio (DNBR) DNB 偏离核态沸腾？Depletion 燃耗，烧乏deposited corrosion product 沉积腐蚀产物deposition 沉积量depth of corrosion 腐蚀深度derived air concentration 导出空气浓度description for drawing up standard 标准编制说明dashpot action 缓冲作用dashpot drop time 缓冲落棒时间dashpot section 缓冲段data acquisition 数据采集data base 数据基础data channel 数据通道data file 数据文件data processing module 数据处理模块daughter product 子体产物dead band 死区debug 查错decay chain 衰变链decay heat 衰变热decommissioning 退役decontamination factor 去污因子deformation 畸变degree of enrichment 富集度degree of superheat 过热度delayed critical 缓发临界delayed neutron 缓发中子delta connection 三角形连接demineralizer after-filter 床后过滤器demography 人口统计学densification 密实化denting 凹陷deoxygenated water cooler 除氧水冷却器deoxygenated water tank 除氧水箱departure from nuclear boiling(DNB) 偏离核态沸腾depleted fuel 乏燃料deposit corrosion 沉积腐蚀deposited metal 熔敷金属depressurization 卸压depth of foundation 基础埋置深度derived limit 导出极限design assumption 设计假设design basis 设计基准design basis accident(DBA) 设计基准事故design basis source terms 设计基准源项design code 设计规范psr1 第11 页4/26/20226011design control 设计管理design interface control 设计接口管理design objective limit 设计目标限值design report 设计报告design specification 设计规范书design verification 设计验证designation of system 系统名称detail design 施工设计detector push-pull device 探测器推拉装置detector well 探测器孔道dialog keyboard 对话键盘dielectric strength 绝缘强度diesel generator set 柴油发电机组differential pressure controller 差压调节器differential pressure transmitter 差压变送器differential worth 微分价值diffuser 导叶diffusion coefficient 扩散系数digital filtering 数字滤波digital misalignment alarm module 数字失步报警dilution 稀释dimineralized water pump 除盐水泵direct grounding 直接接地direct outward dialing 直接外拨direction of welding 焊接方向disadvantage factor 不利因子discharge pump 排放泵disconnect 断连，断路disconnect plug 可拆接头dished head 碟形封头disinfection 消毒disk file 磁盘文件disk storage 磁盘存储器display 显示design basis event 设计基准事件design change 设计变更design condition 设计工况design for reactor core safety in NPP 核电厂堆芯安全设计design pressure 设计压力design review 设计审查design temperature 设计温度designation 名称desilting basin 沉砂池detection limit 探测限值detector storage tube 探测器存放管diagnostic program 诊断程序diaphragm valve 隔膜阀diesel generator 柴油发电机psr1 第11 页4/26/2022differential pressure gauge 差压计differential protection 差动保护differentiator module 微分器组件diffuser plate 流量分配板diffusion theory 扩散理论digital input 数字输入digital voltmeter module 数字电压表组件digital/anolog (D/A) converter 数/模转换器dilution factor 稀释因子direct burial 直埋direct inward dialing(DID) 直接内拨directory 目录discharge burnup 卸料燃耗discharge 卸料disconnect button 拆卸按钮disconnect rod 拆卸杆dished pellet 碟形芯块disk 磁盘disk operation system 磁盘操作系统dispersed flow 弥散流display frame 显示帧帽display operation station （显示）操作器distributed network 分布式网络distribution cabinet 分配柜distribution system 配水管DNB heat flux DNB 热流密度Document change 文件变更Document control manager 文件管理经理document preparation 文件编制document review 文件审查domestic water yard pipe network system 生活水厂区管网系统Doppler effect 多普勒效应Dose commitment 剂量负担Dose equivalent commitment 剂量当量负担Dose rate conversion factor 剂量率转换因子Double ended break 双端断裂Double hook 双钩double-pole single-throw(DPST) switch 双极单掷开关downhand welding 平焊draft standard for approval 标准待批稿drain flash tank 扩容器drain tank 疏水箱drawing 图纸drawing volume list 图册目录drip pan 集油盘drive shaft assembly 驱动轴部件drop time 落棒时间droplet entraiment 液滴夹带psr1 第13 页4/26/20226013dry bulb temperature 干球温度dry-insulated transformer 干式绝缘变压器dryer 干燥器dryout 干涸dual-frequency simplex operation 共频单工操作duckwork 管网duplication 复制，转储dye penetrant examination 着色渗透检查distributed computer system 分布式计算机系统distribution box 配电柜distribution list 分发清单division 篇document approval 文件批准document control 文件管理document distribution 文件分发document retention 文件保存domestic water 生活水domestic sewage 生活污水Doppler coefficient 多普勒系数dose assessment 剂量评价dose equivalent 剂量当量dose equivalent limit 剂量当量限值dosemeter reader 剂量计读数器double fume chamber and hood 双位通风柜double period 倍增周期double-pulse generator 双脉冲发生器double-reeling system 双卷绕系统downstream 下游draft standard for examination 标准送审稿drain recovery tank 疏水回收箱drawer 抽屉drawing list 图纸目录drift flux 漂移流密度drive shaft 驱动轴drive unit 驱动机构droplet 液滴drum 卷筒dry deposition 干沉降dry-type transformer 干式变压器drying oven 干燥箱，烘干箱，烘箱，干燥炉dual trace oscilloscope 双踪示波器dual-tone multifrequency 双音多频duct 风管duplex transceiver 双工收发信机duration time 持续时间dynamic analysis 动态分析dynamic equilibrium 动态平衡dynamic instability 动力学不稳定性psr1 第13 页4/26/2022earth leakage protection 接地保护earthing 接地earthing system 接地系统earthquake subsidence 震陷ejector 喷射器effective dose equivalent 有效剂量当量effective flow rate 有效流量effluent radiation monitoring system 排出流辐射监测系统(rod)ejection accident 弹棒事故elastic scattering 弹性散射electric dispatch network 电力调度网electric heater 电加热器electric monorail hoist 单轨电动葫芦electric building 电气厂房electric building cooler system 电气厂房循环冷风机组系统electric building ventilation system 电气厂房通风系统electrical conduit 引出线管electrical penetration 电气贯穿件electromagnetic braker 电磁制动器electro-slag remelting 电渣重熔electro-sound telephone system 检修电话系统electrotechnical box 电气箱ellipsoidal head 椭圆形封头emergency announcement 紧急通知emergency control room system 应急控制室emergency diesel generator building water supply and drainage system应急柴油发电机厂房给排水系统emergency disk braker 应急盘式制动器emergency drain 应急疏水emergency feedwater tank 应急给水箱emergency outlet 事故排出口dynamic balance 动平衡动压头dynamic head 动压头dynamic parameter 动态参数earth return 大地回馈earthing resistance 接地电组earthquake 地震editor 编辑程序effective delayed neutron fraction 缓发中子份额effective full power days 等效满功率天egg crate grid 蛋篓型格架ejector 抽气器electret microphone 驻极体传声器electric furnace 电炉electric horn 电喇叭electric-hydraulic actuating brake 电磁液压制动器electric building smoker exhaust system 电气厂房排烟系统electric building water supply and drainage system 电气厂房给排水系统psr1 第15 页4/26/20226015electrical panel 配电屏electroacoustic component 电声元件electromagnetic flowmeter 电磁流量计electronic pocket dosimeter 电子式袖珍剂量计elevation 立面embedded part 预埋件emergency boration 紧急硼化emergency core cooling 应急堆芯冷却emergency diesel generator room ventilation system 应急柴油发电机通风系统emergency diesel generation system 应急柴油发电机系统emergency exposure 应急照射emergency oil pump 应急油泵emergency power 应急电源emergency power source(or supply) 应急电源emergency telephone system 应急自动电话系统emergency trip time 紧急停堆时间enclosed motor 封闭式电机，防水电动机end of life(EOL) 寿期末end truck 端梁end-of travel limit switch 行程终端限位开关energization 通电energy level 能级energy response 能量响应engineer station 工程师站engineering company 工程公司engineering enthalpy rise factor 工程焓升因子engineering manual 工程手册enriched 浓缩的enriched uranium 浓缩铀enrichment 浓缩度，富集度enthalpy rise factor 焓升因子enthalpy rise uncertainty factor 焓升不确定因子environment qualification 环境鉴定environment monitoring vehicle 环境监测车epicenter 震中equilibrium enrichment 平衡富集度equipment hatch 设备闸门equipotential connection 等电压连接equivalent diameter 当量直径escape rate coefficient 逃脱率系数essential chilled water system 重要冷冻水系统essential service water pump 重要厂用水泵essential service water yard pipe network 重要厂用水厂区管路系统evaporator 蒸发器event 事件examination 检验excess letdown heat exchanger 过剩下泄热交换器emergency shutdown 紧急停堆psr1 第15 页4/26/2022emergency transfer equipment 应急电源转换设备end of cycle 循环末end plug 端塞end-of erection state report 安装完工报告end-window counter 钟罩形计数管energy group 能群energy resolution 能量分辨率energy spectrum 能谱engineering heat flux hot spot factor 工程热通量热点因子engineering factor 工程因子engineering heat flux hot channel factor 工程热通量热管因子enriched fuel 富集燃料enriched uranium reactor 浓缩铀反应堆enthapy rise engineering hot channel factor 焓升工程热管因子entrainment 夹带environmental monitoring 环境监测environmental assessment(EA) 环境评价environmental quality(EQ) 环境质量epithermal neutron 超热中子equilibrium poisoning 平衡中毒equipment list 设备明细表equivalent core diameter 堆芯等效直径erosion corrosion 磨损腐蚀escape 泄漏，逃逸essential service water intake filteration system 重要厂用水取水过滤系统essential service water pumping station system 重要厂用水泵房系统evaporative air cooling(EA V) unit 蒸发式空气冷却机组ex-core instrumentation 堆外测量excess letdown 过剩下泄excess power 超功率excitation 励磁exhaust cleanup unit(ECU) 排风净化机组exhaust hole 排气孔expansion joint 膨胀结合，伸缩缝expansion tank 膨胀水箱expert's opinion 专家意见external exposure 外照射external load 外负荷face of weld 焊缝正面failed fuel assembly location detecting system 破损燃料足见定位检测系统failure detector module 故障检测元件fast connector 快拆接头fast fission factor 快裂变因子fast neutron flux 快中子通量feasibility study 可行性研究feed water heater 给水加热器feed water storage tank 给水箱feedwater inlet nozzle 给水进口管嘴psr1 第17 页4/26/20226017fiberglass 玻璃纤维field change 现场修改file 文件fill 充注fillet welding 角焊film boiling 膜态沸腾filter 滤池final acceptance 最终验收final safety analysis report(FSAR) 最终安全分析报告fire alarm 失火报警fire break 防火墙fire damper 防火阀fire extinction agent 灭火剂（器）fire fighting foam system 泡沫消防系统fire hose 消防水龙带fire proof installation 防火设施fire protection 消防excess reactivity 过剩反应性exclusion area boundary 禁区边界exhaust fan 排风机exhausting smoke fan 排烟风机expansion ring 膨胀环expert's report 专家报告external contamination 外污染external interface 外部接口external pressure 外压face plate 面板failed fuel fraction 破损燃料份额failure 失效，故障，损坏fan 风机fast neutron fluence 快中子通量fault 故障，事故feed water 给水feed water pump 给水泵feeder 馈电线feeder ring 给水环管field 字段field inspection 巡回检查filing 归档filler metal 填充金属film badge 胶片剂量计filter 过滤器fin 散热片final acceptance report 最终验收报告final storage of document 文件最终储存fine sand 细砂fire annihilation protecting equipment 熄火保护装置fire extinction 灭火psr1 第17 页4/26/2022fire extinction pump 消防泵fire-fighting water 消防水fire hydrant 消火栓fire protection water system 消防水系统fire rating 耐火等级fire resistant 耐火的fire stopping wall 挡火墙first core 第一堆芯fissile nucleus 易裂变核fission chain 裂变链fission chamber(miniature) 裂变室（微型）fission energy 裂变能fission gas 裂变气体fission product 裂变产物fission source 裂变源fission yield 裂变产额fitting 配件fixed radio station 无线固定台flame arrester 阻火器flame resistant 耐火焰的flange welding 卷边焊flare groove welding 喇叭型坡口焊flashing 闪蒸flask ,cask 屏蔽容器flexible connection 柔性连接flexible coupling 挠性联轴器，挠性接头float charge 浮充电floating point 浮点flooding 淹没floor drain 楼面疏水floppy disk 软盘flow diagram （工艺）流程图flow distribution plate 流量分配板flow instability 流动不稳定性flow restrictor 限流器flow-head cure 流量-扬程曲线flush pump 冲洗泵flushing water 冲洗水flux density 通量密度flux flattening 通量展平flux instrumentation guide tube 通量测量导向管follow-up action 后续行动forced circulation 强迫循环fire stop 阻火件first collision probability 首次碰撞几率first out alarm 首发报警fission and corrosion product activity 裂变和腐蚀产物活度fission cross section 裂变截面psr1 第19 页4/26/20226019fission fragment 裂变碎片fission neutron 裂变中子fission rate 裂变率fission spectrum 裂变谱fissionable 可裂变的fixed point 固定点fixed tube 固定套管flammable 易燃的flanged connection 法兰连接flare test （传热管）扩口试验flashing alarm 闪光报警flat head 平封头flexible cord 柔线float type flowmeter 浮子流量计floatation 气浮池flood light 泛光灯，探照灯floor contamination monitor 地面污染监测仪floor drain tank 楼面疏水箱flow coastdown 惯性流量下降flow distribution 流量分配flow induced vibration 流致振动flow lift force 流动升力flow transmitter 流量变送器fluorescent lamp 荧光灯flush-mounted 镶嵌，暗装flux 通量flux distribution 通量分布flux gradient 通量梯度flux map 通量分布图food chain 事物链foreground 前台foreign material 杂质forging 锻造former 辐板（堆芯围板的径向支撑板）fracture mechanics 断裂力学framework 框架，构架frequency analysis 频谱分析fresh water 淡水fretting wear 微振磨损front computer 前置计算机functional assignment 职责分工fuel assembly 燃料组件fuel assembly visual inspection equipment 燃料组件目视检查装置fuel building bridge 燃料厂房桥架fuel building ventilation system 燃料厂房通风系统fuel burnup 燃料燃耗fuel column 燃料柱fuel cycle lifetime 燃料循环寿期psr1 第19 页4/26/2022fuel element failure accident 燃料元件破碎事故fuel loading and unloading 装料与卸料fuel mispositioning accident 错装料事故fuel pool bridge 燃料抓取机（燃料池桥架）fuel shipping container rig 燃料运输容器吊具fuel swelling 燃料肿胀fuel transfer system 燃料运输系统fuel tube 燃料包壳管full penetration welding 全透焊逢full-load torque 满载能力function test 功能试验fuse 熔断器fuse switch 熔断器开关fusion welding 熔焊gantry 龙门架gap conductance 间隙导热forged parts 锻制件format 格式化fouling coefficient 污垢系数frame 框架free-standing cladding 自立式包壳frequency meter 频率计，周波表fretting corrosion 激振腐蚀friction coefficient 摩擦系数friction loss 摩擦损失front panel 前面板fuel 燃料组件fuel assembly sipping device 燃料组件啜吸装置fuel basket 燃料篮fuel building 燃料厂房fuel building crane 燃料厂房起重机fuel building water supply and drainage system 燃料厂房给排水系统fuel cluster 燃料棒束fuel cycle 燃料循环fuel element 燃料元件fuel handling system 燃料装卸系统fuel inventory 燃料装量fuel management 燃料管理fuel pellet 燃料芯块fuel rod 燃料棒fuel storage, transportation and inspection system 燃料储运和检验系统fuel transfer shielding 燃料运输屏蔽fuel transfer tube 燃料运输通道full penetration weld 全穿透焊full power 满功率function key 功能键foundation ring 基础环fuse isolator 熔断器闸刀psr1 第21 页4/26/20226021gantry crane 龙门吊gas accumulated flowmeter 气体累计流量计gas chromatograph 气体色谱gas heater 气体加热器gas stripper 脱气塔gas stripping 脱气gaseous sample 气体取样gaseous waste treatment system 气体废物处理系统gear coupling 齿轮联轴器Geiger-Muller counter 盖革/弥勒管general corrosion 全面腐蚀general standard 通用标准generation 生成genetic effect 遗传效应geography 地理girth welding 环缝焊接glass dosimeter 玻璃剂量计glove box 手套箱governor valve 调节阀grain-size 晶粒度graphic package 图形软件包graphic screen 图形显示屏Gray code 葛莱码Gray/Gy 戈瑞grid cell 定位格架栅元grid telephone network 电网通话网络groove （焊接）坡口groove welding 坡口焊ground water 地下水grounding conductor 接地导体grounding wire 接地线group display 成组显示guide 导则guide rail 导向轨道guide tube 导向管guide tube support plate 压紧顶帽（导向管支撑板）habitability area （可）居留区hand hole 手孔handrail 扶手gas cooler 气体冷却器gas insulated switchgear(GIS) 气体绝缘开关装置gas stripping unit 脱气装置gaseous space 气空间gasket 垫片gate valve 闸阀gear reducer 齿轮减速器general arrangement 厂房总布置图general scientillation counter 通用闪烁计数器psr1 第21 页4/26/2022generator & main transformer system 发电机和主变压器系统girder 主梁gland packing 压盖填料globe valve 截止阀go pulse 启动脉冲grab sampling 手选取样graphic display 图形显示graphic printer 图形打印机gravelly sand 砾砂Gray code shaper 葛莱码整形器Grid 电网，栅栏grid spring 定位格架gripper 抓具groove angle 坡口角度ground fault 接地不良grounded electrode 接地电极grounding resistance 接地电阻groundwater level 地下水位group selector 组选择器guide cylinder 导流筒guide vane 导向管hand and foot monitor 手足监测仪handling opening 吊装孔hands-free speaking telephone set 免提扬声电话hanger 支吊架hard copy printer 硬拷贝打印机harmful effect 有害影响head block assembly 定滑轮组head flange insulation 顶盖法兰保温层heat tracing(electric) 加热保温（电）heading 标题health physics program 保健物理大纲heat(or ladle) analysis 熔炼分析heat balance 热平衡heat conductivity 热导率heat exchanger 热交换器heat flux 热通量heat load 热负荷heat transfer coefficient 热交换系数heater 加热器heating ventilation and air conditioning 采暖通风及空调helium leak check 氦气检漏hexadecimal 十六进制的high energy pipe 高能管道high efficient filter 高效过滤器high range gamma radiation monitor for accident 事故用高量程￥辐射监测仪high voltage power supply 高压电源high-pressure ionization chamber 高压电离室psr1 第23 页4/26/20226023high-purity germanium 高纯锗hold down spring 压紧弹簧环hold point 停工待检点hood 通风柜horizontal acceleration 水平加速度horizontal pipe 横管horn loudspeaker 号筒扬声器hot channel factor 热管因子hot laundry ventilation system 洗衣房通风系统hot point factor 热点因子hot sink 热井hardware 硬件hazardous atmosphere 危险环境head dome insulation 顶盖球冠保温层head loss 水头损失head 封头headset 头戴式送受话器health physics system 保健物理系统heat affected zone 热影响区heat capacity 热容heat diffusion 热扩散heat flow rate 热流量heat generation 释热heat sink 热井heat treatment 热处理heating coil 加热盘管heavy oil 重油helical-wrap drive cable 螺旋形驱动电缆hemispherical head 半球形封头high efficiency particulate and air filter 高效过滤器high neutron flux trip 中子高通量紧急停堆high range ionization chamber area gamma monitor 高量程电离室区域γ监测high-level noble gas gamma monitor 高放惰性气体γ监测仪hoist speed 提升速度hold-down support assembly 压紧支撑结构hold-up tank 暂存箱hook 吊钩horizontal guide wheel 水平导向轨horizontal position welding 横焊hot cell 热室hot channel 热通道hot leg 热段hot performance test 热态性能试验hot shutdown 热停堆hot spot factor 热点因子hot standby 热备用hot test 热态试验hot water system 热水系统psr1 第23 页4/26/2022。
烟台大学2015～2016学年第 2 学期核能专业英语 试卷A考试时间：100分钟一、 共18分 (1.1题8分，1.2题10分)1.1 One promising fusion machine, the tokamak , achieves magnetic confinement in a doughnut-shaped structure. Research is also under way on inertial confinement, in which laser beams or charged particle beams cause the explosion of miniature D-T pellets. Other possible concepts are a hybrid fission-fusion reactor and neutron-free reaction such as that with 2 H and 3He.一个有前途的聚变装置托卡马克实现了圆饼圈形状的磁约束。
惯性约束研究也在进行，激光束或带电粒子束引起氘-氚微球爆炸。
其他可能的概念是裂变-聚变混合堆和诸如氚和氦-3的自由中子反应。
1.2 The principal modes by which fission energy is transferred in a reactor are conduction and convection. The radial temperature distribution in a fuel pellet is approximately parabolic. The rate of heat transfer from fuel surface to coolant by convection is directly proportional to the temperature difference. The allowed power level of a reactor is governed by the temperatures at local "hot spots." Coolant flow along channels extracts thermal energy and delivers it to an external circuit consisting of a heat exchanger (PWR), a steam turbine that drives an electrical generator, a steam condenser, and various pumps.反应堆中裂变能传输的主要方式是传导和对流。
A [ampere] 安培A核电专业英语词汇（完全版）abstraction 萃取abundance 丰度aberrant source 异常误差来源ablution 清洗，吹除abnormal condition 异常工况abnormal event 异常事件abnormal occurrence 异常事件abnormal operation 异常运行abnormality 异常abort 异常中止above-critical 超临界的above-ground 地面（上的）above-water 水（上的）abradant （研）磨料abrasion 磨损[蚀]abrasion resistance test 耐磨试验abrasion-proof 耐磨（的）abrasive cutting 砂轮切割abreuography 荧光 X 射线照相术abruption 断裂abscess （金属中）气孔，砂眼absolute alarm 绝对值报警absolute error 绝对误差absolute filter 绝对过滤器absorbance 吸收率absorbed dose 吸收剂量absorbed dose rate 吸收剂量率absorbed fraction 吸收部分/份额absorber 吸收体[剂]absorber element 吸收元件absorber rod 吸收棒absorptance 吸收率[系数] absorption 吸收absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption column 吸收柱absorption cross section 吸收截面absorption type 吸收类型ac [alternative current] 交流[电]acceleration pressure drop 加速压降acceleration spring 加速弹簧acceptable daily intake[ADI] 日容许摄入量acceptable limit 可接受限值acceptance 验收acceptance criteria 验收准则，验收标准acceptance inspection 验收检查accepted as noted 按说明接受access 通道，入口access and use 利用access control [A/C] 出入口控制access hatch [ lock] 出入闸门access port 人孔，舱出入口access tube 通道管access way 通路accessibility 可达性accessible 可进入（的）accession 接收accessory 附[零]件，辅助（的）accident 事故accident analysis 事故分析accident condition 事故工况accident consequence 事故后果accident dose 事故剂量accident management 事故管理accident mitigation 事故缓解accident precursor 事故先兆accident prevention 事故预防accident progression 事故进展accident sequence 事故序列accident shutdown 事故停堆accident source term 事故源项accident with off-site risk 有厂外风险的事故accident without significant off-site risk 无严重厂外1风险的事故accidental depressurization of the cover gas 覆盖气体事故降压accidental error 随机误差accidental exposure 事故照射accidental failure 随机故障accountability 衡算accumulated dose 累积剂量accumulator (tank) 安全注射箱，蓄压箱accuracy 精度accuracy of measurement 测量精度acetylene 乙炔acid pickling 酸洗acidic 酸性acidity 酸度acid-proof tile 耐酸瓷砖acoustic insulation 隔音层acoustic material 隔音材料ACPT [automatic continuous phosphate treatment] 自动连续磷酸盐处理acquisition 征集acronym （首字母）缩写词acrylic plastic window 丙烯酸塑料窗action level [应急]行动水平，应急响应水平activated carbon 活性炭activated charcoal filter 活性炭过滤器activation 活化activation of corrosion product 腐蚀产物的活化activation product 活化产物active alumina 活性氧化铝active carbon bedding 活性炭床active carbon filter 活性炭过滤器active component 能动部件active effluent 放射性流出物[排出流]active loss 有功损耗active network 有源网络active nucleation site 活性成核位置active waste 放射性废物active zone 活性区，放射性区activity (放射性)活度activity concentration 放射性浓度activity level 活度水平activity median aerodynamic diameter 活度中值空气动力学直径activity median thermodynamic diameter 活度中值热力学直径actual line 实线actual value 实际值actuated equipment 驱动设备，传动设备actuating mechanism 驱动[执行]机构actuation 驱动，启动actuation device [触发]驱动装置，执行机构actuator 执行[操作]机构，驱动[传动]装置acute exposure 急性照射acute intake 急性吸入[取]acute radiation injury 急性辐射损伤ad hoc 专门，特设，特定（的）adapter 管接头，异径接头，适配器adaptive control 自适应控制ADC [analog-digital converter] 模-数转换器add/drop multiplexer [ADM] 分插复用器added metal 填充金属addendum 补遗adder 加法器additional items 补充（添加）项additional records 补充记录additive 添加物[剂]additive risk projection model 相加风险预测模式adequate distribution 均匀分布adherency/adherence 粘着〔附〕，附着（力）adhe sion test 粘附试验adiabatic 绝热（的）adiabatic compression 绝热压缩adion 吸附离子adjacency 相邻，邻接adjoint flux 共轭中子通量adjustable wrench/spanner 活动扳手adjuster absorber rod 调节吸收棒adjuster drive mechanism 调节棒驱动机构adjuster extension 调节棒延伸段2adjuster rod 调节棒adjuster unit 调节（棒）装置adjusting pin 定位销adjusting valve 调节阀adjustment 调整adlayer 吸附层administrative archives 文书档案administrative history 组织沿革admiralty brass 海军用黄铜admission intake[port] 进气[汽]口admittance 导纳；允许进入adoption by equation 等同采用adoption by equivalent 等效采用adsorbent 吸附剂adsorption 吸附adsorption carrier 吸附载体adsorption filter 吸附过滤器adulterant 掺杂物advance payment 预付款advanced control room 先进控制室advantage factor 有利因子advection 平流，平移advective cooling 平流冷却adverse conditions 不良状况adverse environment 有害环境advise all concerned 通知有关各方advisory group 顾问团AECB[AtomicEnergy Control Board] （加拿大）原子能管理局AECL[Atomic Energy of Canada Limited] 加拿大原子能有限公司aerial cable 架空电缆aerify 充[掺]气，气化aerobic 需[有]氧的aerobiont 好氧微生物aerodymanic 空气动力（的）aerodymanic dispersion 空气动力学弥[分]散aeroradioactivity 大气放射性aerosol 气溶胶affinity 亲合力after-heat 余热afterheat cooling 余热冷却after-power 剩余功率age approximation 年龄近似age hardening 时效硬化ageing 老化，时效ageing degradation 老化降级[质，解]ageing management 老化管理ageing testing 老化试验agglomerant 凝聚剂aggressive 腐蚀性（的）agitation 搅拌agitator 搅拌器AI,A/I[analog input] 模拟量输入AIM[asset and information management] 文档和信息管理air (circuit) breaker 空气断路器air admission filter 进气[入口]过滤器air balance hoist 空气平衡吊车air blast circuit breaker[ABCB] 空气[气吹式]断路器air bottle 气瓶，气罐air circulating 空气循环air compressor 空气压缩机air conditioningsystem 空调系统air cooler water piping 空气冷却器水管air deflector 空气折流板air dryer 空气干燥器air entrainingagent 加气剂air equivalent 空气等效（的）air exhaust 排风，抽风air extraction flow diagram 抽气流程图air extraction system 抽气系统air filtration unit [AFU] 空气过滤装置air hoist 气动[平衡]吊车air injector 空气喷射器air inleakage 空气漏入air inlet valve 进气阀air intake 进气[风]口air kerma 空气比释动能air leakage testing 空气泄漏试验3air lock 空气[密封]闸门air lock valve 空气闸阀air pollution 大气污染air powered brake 气动制动器air pressure regulating valve 空气压力调节阀air-proof 气密的air receiver 空气储罐air stream 气流air supplied suit 气衣air supply 供气，气源，送风air tank 气罐air vent valve 排气阀air/oil package 气动/油压动力包air-block valve 气阻阀airborne particulate sampler[APS] 气载粒子取样器airborne radioactivity 气载放射性airlock door 气密门airlock lock system 闸门锁紧系统airlocked 密封的，密闭的airlock 空气闸门air-oil tank 油气箱air-operated valve 气动阀airtight fittings 气密连接件airtight joint door 密封门airtight ring 气密环ALARA[as low as reasonably achievable] 合理可行尽量低alarm acknowledge 报警确认alarm annunciator 报警信号装置alarm conditioning 报警条件alarm jumper 报警抑制alarm limit 报警（限）值alarm reset 报警复位alarm value 报警值alarm watch 报警值班alarm window 报警窗albedo 反照率alert 警戒alga 藻类alien 外来的aligner 准直器aligning pin 定位销alignment 对中，校直alignment chart[diagram] 列线图alignment pin 定位销alkaline 碱性alkalinity 碱度all volatile treatment[AVT] 全挥发处理allen screw 六角螺栓alleviate 减轻，缓和alligator wrench 管钳，管扳手allowable burnup 允许燃耗allowable error 允许误差allowable value 允许值allowance 公差；允许量alpha decay α衰变alphanumeric 字母数字的alphanumeric character 字母数字符ALST[alarm status table] 报警状态表alternate mode 替换模式alum 矾alumina particle 颗粒状氧化铝alumina pellet 粒状氧化铝，氧化铝芯块alveolus 凹槽amalgam electrode 汞齐电极ambient dose equivalent 周围剂量当量ambient pressure 环境压力ambient temperature 环境温度ambipolar 双极（的）ambulance 救护车amine 胺ammeter 电流计ammonia 氨amplification 放大amplifier 放大器amplitude 幅值ampoule 细颈瓶anaerobe 厌氧微生物anaerobic 厌氧的4analog 模拟量analog input [AI] 模拟量输入analog input system 模拟量输入系统analog output 模拟量输出analog(ue) controller 模拟量控制器analog(ue) read-out 模拟量示值，模拟量读数analog(ue) signal 模拟信号analog(ue)-digital converter[ADC] 模-数转换器analyser 分析器analysis 分析analysis report 分析报告ahchor bolt 地脚螺栓，锚固螺栓anchor ear （电）抱箍anchoring element 锚固件ancillary equipment 辅助设备ancillary port 辅助孔道ancillary structure 附属构筑物anexer 阴离子交换树脂angle steel 角钢angle (relief) valve 角（式卸压）阀angular flux 角通量anion 阴离子anionic resin 阴离子交换树脂anisotropic 各向异性（的）ANN[annunciator] 信号器anneal 退火annual balance sheet 年度决算表，年度资产负债表annual dose 年剂量annual limit on intake 年摄入量限值annual outage 年度停役annual processing rate 年处理率annual reload 年换料量annual risk 年度风险annual throughput （燃料）年投量annubar 阿牛巴，环杆annular plate 环形板annular space bellows 环形气隙波纹管annulus gas 环隙气体annulus gas system 环隙气体系统annulus shielding 环隙屏蔽annulus space 环形区，环形气隙（区）annulus spacer 环形定位圈annunciation 报警，（状态）通告annunciation interrogation workstation[AIW] 报警查询工作站annunciation window 报警窗annunciator 信号器，报警器anode 阳极anomaly 异[反]常ANSI[American National Standards Institute] 美国国家标准学会antenna ring 触环anticipated operational occurrence 预计运行事件anticipated performance 预期的性能anticipated transient condition 预期瞬态工况anticoincidence 反符合anti-corrosion 防腐，耐蚀anti-reverse 不可逆，防倒转anti-reverse ratchet 防倒转棘轮anti-scalant 阻垢剂antiscale 防垢剂anti-seismic 防震anti-seizer lubricant 防咬润滑剂AO,A/O[analog output] 模拟量输出a/o [atomic percent] 原子百分数aperiodicity 非周期性aperture 孔径apparent 表观的apparent output 表观功率[输出]，视[在]功率appendix 附录[件]applicability 适用性applicable code and standard 适用规范与标准applicant 申请者applied dose 施予剂量appraisal 鉴定approach to criticality 逼近临界approach to power 提升功率approval 批准approved supplier 认可/批准的供货商5aquatic pathway （放射性释放）水途径aqueous process 水法，湿法aqueous solution 水溶液arc flame 弧焰arc lamp 弧光灯arc strike 引弧斑痕architectural finishing 建筑饰面archival administrative department 档案行政管理部门archival arrangement 档案整理archival code 档号archival descriptive information centre 档案资料目录中心archival evidence 档案证明archival information classification 档案信息分类archival microform 档案缩微品archival publications 档案出版物archival repository 档案库房archival science 档案学archival value 档案价值archive area 馆区archives 档案；档案馆archives building 档案馆建筑archives container 档案装具archives management 档案管理archives thesaurus 档案主题词表archives work 档案工作area 区域，地区，范围；面积area monitor 区域监视器area monitoring 区域监测area survey 区域测量argon 氩（气）argon arc cutting 氩弧切割arithmeticroutine 运算程序armature 电枢armo(u)red cable 铠装电缆arrangement drawing 布置图artificial radioactivity 人工放射性artificial ventilation 人工通风as low as reasonable achievable[ALARA] 合理可行尽量低ASAP[as soon as possible] 尽快as-built data[ABD] 竣工资料as-built drawing 竣工图ascending 上行[向]的ASCII[American Standard Code for Information Interchange] 美国信息交换标准代码ASDV[atmospheric steam discharge valve] 大气蒸汽排放阀aseismic 抗震的aseismic joint 防震缝ASME[American Society of Mechanical Engineers]美国机械工程师学会aspect ratio 纵横比asperity 粗糙度aspiration pressure （泵）吸水压力，抽气压力assembler 汇编程序assembly 组件assembly drawing 总装配图assessment 评价assessment of radiation protection 辐射防护评价ASSET[Assessment of Safety Significant Event Team] 安全重要事件评价组assistance 辅助设备assistant power plant operator[APPO] 电站助理操纵员associate 关联associated facilities 配套设施assumed accident 假想事故ASTM[American Society for Testing Materials] 美国材料试验学会as-welded 焊（后状）态的asychronous motor 异步电动机asymmetric line break 非对称效应的管路破裂asymmetrical disturbance 非对称扰动asymptotic 渐近的at saturation 达到[处于]饱和atmosphere barrier 空气隔板atmospheric contamination 大气污染atmospheric control 大气控制atmospheric dispersion 大气弥散6atmospheric dispersion factor 大气弥散因子atmospheric pathway （放射性释放）气途径atmospheric pollution 大气污染atmospheric radiation monitoring apparatus 大气辐射监测装置atmospheric stability 大气稳定度atmospheric steam discharge valve 大气蒸汽排放阀atomic absorption 原子吸收at-reactor (fuel) storage 反应堆现场（燃料）贮存attachment ring 安装环attendance and no-attendance 出席和缺席attenuation 衰减，减弱attenuation factor 衰减因子attributablerisk 归因危险（风险）attribute 属性ATWS[anticipated transient without scram] 未能紧急停堆的预期瞬态audible alarm 音响报警audio-visual archives 音像档案audio-visual equipment 视听设备audit 监查auditteam 监查小组auditplan 监查计划austenitic stainless steel 奥氏体不锈钢authority 管理机构，当局authorisation 许可，批准，授以资格或合格证书authorised activity 批准的行动authorised discharge 批准的排放authorised facility 批准的设施authorised first operator[AFO] 授权的首席操纵员authorised inspector 授权检查员authorised limit 管理限值，特准限值authorised nuclear operator [ANO] 授权的核操纵员authorised termination of responsibility 授权终止责任authorised transfer 许可的转移authorised use 授权使用“AUTO”compressor 处于“自动”状态下的压缩机AUTO mode 自动模式autoclave 高压釜autoclave channel 高压釜通道autoclave circuit 高压釜回路autoclaving 高压釜处理autocorrelation 自相关autogenous cutting （乙炔）气割automatic 自动automatic voltage regulator [AVR] 自动电压调节器automatic water purge 自动冲水清洗automatic/manual station 自动-手动操作台automation 自动化autoradiography 自射线照相法autoregressive 自回归autotransformer 自耦变压器auto-turbine run-up system 汽机自动升速系统auxiliary 辅助（的）auxiliary bay 辅助间auxiliary control room 辅助控制室auxiliary feed & bleed inlet & outlet [AFBIO] 辅助给排水进出口auxiliary feedwater pump [AFP] 辅助给水泵auxiliary H2O leakage collection system [AHLCS] 辅助轻水泄漏收集系统auxiliary hoist 副提升机构auxiliary impeller 辅助叶轮auxiliary nitrogen circuit 辅助氮气回路auxiliary transformer 辅助[厂用]变压器availability 可利用率availability factor 可利用因子available 可用的average flux power 平均中子通量功率average fuel rating [duty] 燃料平均比功率average zone level [AZL] 平均区域液位avertable dose 可免剂量averted dose 已免剂量Avogadro’s number 阿佛加德罗常数AVT [all volatile treatment] 全挥发处理away-from-reactor(fuel) storage （燃料）离堆贮存, 厂外贮存awu [atomic weight unit] 原子量单位axial elongation 轴向伸长7axial factor 轴向（功率峰）因子axial flaw 轴向裂纹axial form factor 轴向形状因子axial offset [AO] 轴向偏移axial peaking factor 轴向峰值因子axial peaking hot factor 轴向热点峰因子axial power deviation 轴向功率偏差axial tensile load 轴向拉伸荷载axisymmetric 轴对称（的）azimuthal 方位，角向（的）Bb [barn] 靶恩（核反应截面单位）back checking 返回校验back lighted button 带灯按钮backfill 回填backflow 回[逆，反]流background 背景，本底backing pump 前级泵backing welding 打底焊backlog 积压(的待办事项)backspace 退格back-up 备用back-up air supply 备用空气源back-up air tank 备用气箱back-up cooling 备用冷却backup feedwater pump [BFP] 备用给水泵backup heat sink 备用热阱back-up injection mode 备用注入模式backup seal 备用密封back-up water 备用水backward 反向backwash 反洗，反萃取backwash piping 反冲洗管back-water valve [BWV] 回水阀badge 佩章剂量计baffle 缓冲板balance header 平衡集管balance of nuclear steam plant [BNSP] 核蒸汽厂房辅助设施balance of plant [BOP] 核电厂配套子项balancing hoist 平衡吊车ball bearing 滚珠轴承ball check valve 止回球阀，球型止回阀ball float valve 浮球阀ball plunger （储仓推杆座管的）球销ball screw 滚珠丝杠ball spline 滚珠花键ball valve 球阀ballast 镇流器ballast trailer 配重拖车bandwidth （频）带宽bank guarantee 银行担保bank of cylinder 气瓶组bank reconciliation statement 银行往来对帐单bar 巴（压力单位）;杆[棒，条]bar chart 棒图，条型图bar list 钢筋表bar method 贯通法磁粉探伤bare 裸的；无反射层的barricade 屏蔽板，隔板barrier 屏障，隔板base 底板，基础baseline 基线，扫描线，原始资料base mat 底板垫层base material 母材base plate 基板base rock 基岩base-load operation 基本负荷运行basement 地下室，基板basic 碱性；基本的basic design 基准设计basic limit 基本限值basic safety function 基本安全功能basket （过滤用）网篮batch 分批batch controller 批量调节器batching pump 计量泵battery 蓄电池，电池组bay 水池8baybolt 地脚螺栓bayonet 插入式；回流管式；卡口，销钉连接bead welding 堆焊beak attrition （树脂的）破碎损坏bearing 轴承（座），支座bearing (lube) oil pump 轴承（润滑）油泵bearing cooling water piping 轴承冷却水管bearing housing 轴承座（箱）bearing pad 支承垫片，轴承衬垫bearing pressure 轴承压力bearing sleeve 轴承套管[衬套]Becquerel 贝可[勒尔](放射性活度单位)beetle 一种形似甲虫的水份探测器探头beginning-of-plant life 电厂寿期初behaviour 行为，性状bell 扩散管，喇叭口，漏斗Belleville washer (装卸料机机头内的)贝氏垫圈bellows 波纹管bellows assembly 波纹管组件bellows attachment ring 波纹管连接环bellows expansion joint 波纹管膨胀[伸缩]接头bellows-sealed globe valve 波纹管密封截止阀belt-driven 皮带传动bench-mark 水准点，基准点bench run 台架试验bend 弯管bend extrados 弯管外脊bend intrados 弯管内脊beneficiary 收款人，受益人benefit-cost analysis 效益-成本分析bent frame 排架beryllium assisted crack penetration 铍促使裂缝贯穿beta particle β粒子beta-active β放射性的beyond design basis accident [BDBA] 超设计基准事故beveling machine 坡口机bias 偏置[压]bias error 偏置误差bi-cable 双电缆bicarbonate 重碳酸盐bid evaluation 评标bidirectional fuelling 双向换料bidirectional refueling 双向换料bidirectional switch 双向转换开关big repair 大修bill of lading (货运)提单bill of material [BM] 材料清单bill of quantities 工程量清单bimetallic thermometer 双金属温度计binary comparator 二进制比较器binary digital counter [BDC] 二进制数字计数器binary signal 二进制信号binomial 双重；二项式bioaccumulation factor 生物积累因子bioassay 生物学检验，生物[学]分析bio-engineering 生物工程biological half-life 生物半周期，生物半衰期biological shield 生物屏蔽biosphere 生物层，生物圈bistable 双稳态bit 位bitumen solidification 沥青固化black absorber rod 黑体吸收棒black sheet 黑铁皮blackout 全厂断电bladed U tube 翅片 U 形管blank 空格blank flange 盲板法兰blanket 转换区bled steam 抽汽bleed condenser 泄放[排气]冷凝器bleed valve 排放[水]阀bleed water 排水blender 搅拌器blind flange 盲板法兰，法兰盲板blister 起泡blister formation threshold [BFT] 汽泡生成阈block 数据块9block diagram 方框图block sequence welding 分段多层焊block switch 闭锁开关block wall 砌块墙blockage 堵塞blocked position 闭锁位置blocking piston 闭锁活塞blowdown 排放，排污blowdown accident 喷放[失水]事故blowdown flash tank 排污扩容箱blower （排）风机blown fuse 熔断保险丝blow-off [out] valve 排放阀blowout diaphragm 爆破膜，安全膜blowout panel 爆破盘blu(e)ing test 着色试验blunt(notch-type)flaw 钝缺陷BMW [boiler make-up water] 蒸汽发生器补水board inward dialing [BID] 经话务台接入body dose 全身剂量body relief valve [BRV] 阀体泄压阀body-bonnet connection 阀体与阀盖的联接boiler 蒸汽发生器，锅炉boiler blowdown 蒸汽发生器排污boiler blowdown system [BBS] 蒸汽发生器排污系统boiler feed pump 蒸汽发生器给水泵boiler level control [BLC] 蒸汽发生器水位控制boiler pressure control [BPC] 蒸汽发生器压力控制boiling channel 沸腾通道boiling length 沸腾长度boiling point 沸点BOL [beginningof life] 寿期初bolt joint 螺栓连接bolt-up 螺栓紧固bolt-up material 栓接材料bonding 忠诚保险bonnet 阀帽boom truck 汽车吊booster pump 增压泵BOP [balance of plant] 核电厂配套子项borated water 含硼水boric oxide 氧化硼boric anhydride 硼酸酐boron 硼boron addition 加硼，硼添加boron dilution 硼稀释boron removal 除硼boron storage tank 硼储存箱boron-lined counter 涂硼计数管boss （安装）凸台bottle station 气瓶站bottle type heat exchanger 立式热交换器bottling-up valve （主泵轴封）回流阀bounce 跳[抖]动bowl 圆锥型壳，反射罩box foundation 箱形基础Bq [becquerel] 贝可（放射性活度单位）bracing 撑杆[条]bracket “牛腿”，支承架brake 制动器,(金属板的)压弯成形机brake circuit 制动回路brake drum 轮闸鼓brake element 制动部件brake ring 制动环brake shoe 制动瓦，刹车闸brake valve 闸阀brakeforming 压弯成形B-ram fill flow B 推杆供给流branch office 分公司brand 铭牌，商标brass 黄铜braze welding 钎焊break down 解离，熔断break location 破口位置break of contact 触点断开break size 破口尺寸break-before-make contact 先断后合接[触]点breakdown list 分项明细表10breaker 断路器break-even 得失平衡break-even chart 损益平衡表breaking capacity 遮断容量break-make contact 换向接点breathing air system 呼吸空气系统breathing apparatus 呼吸装置breech 尾部bridge 桥架bridge column （装卸料机）桥架立柱bridge crane 桥式吊车brittle crack [rupture] 脆（性破）裂bronze ball valve 铜球阀brush 电刷，刷子B-scale [binary scale] 二进制记数法BSI [basic subject index] 基本科目代码BTU [British thermal unit] 英热单位bubble chamber 气[吹]泡室bubbler 鼓泡(侧压)管,气泡式侧压管bubbler header 气[吹]泡装置集管bubbler helium header 气[吹]泡装置氦气集管bubbly-slug flow 泡状团状流buck-and-boost regulator 电压升降调节器bucket pump 活塞泵buckling 曲率budget amendments 追加预算，预算修正案budgetary balance sheet 预算平衡表buffer 缓冲器，减震器buffer room 缓冲间buffer space 缓冲区buffering chemical 缓冲试剂building 建筑（物），厂房building components 建筑构件building crack 厂房裂缝building deterioration 厂房（质量）恶化build-up 积累，堆积build-up factor 累积因子build-up sequence （堆焊或多层焊）熔敷顺序built clean 建造清洁built-in 内装[部]的, 嵌[镶]入的,固定的bulging factor 膨胀系数bulk 整体，散装bulk boiling 整体沸腾bulk correction factor 总体修正因子bulk helium supply 大量氦气供给bulk memory 大容量存储器bulk overpower 整体超功率bulk power 总体功率bulk purchase 散件采购bulkhead 舱壁bull ’s eye type flow gauge 牛眼型流量计bumping 碰撞，冲击bundle power 棒束功率bundle residence time 棒束（堆内）驻留时间bundle structure 棒束结构buoyancy 浮力burial （放射性废物）埋藏buried cable 地下[埋设]电缆burn out 燃耗，烧毁burnable poison 可燃毒物burnup 燃耗burst can 元件包壳破损burst slug 燃料元件破损bus 母线，总线bus duct 母线管道bus work 母线连接busbar 母线，汇流条[排]bushing 衬套，套筒，套管bushing type current transformer [BCT] 套管式电流互感器business archives 企业档案馆business plan 业务计划business tax 营业税busway 母线槽[通道]butt welding 对（接）焊butterfly valve 蝶阀buzzer 蜂鸣器by-pass 旁路，旁通管bypass valve 旁通阀11by-path valve 旁通阀byte （计算机）字节cabinet 小室，柜Ccadweld 火泥焊CAE [Canadian Aviation Electronics Ltd.] 加拿大航空电子公司CAE [computer aided engineering] 计算机辅助(设计cable 电缆; (周长大于 10″的)缆索,钢丝绳cable box 电缆盒cable branching box 电缆分线箱cable bridge 电缆桥架cable channel [conduit] 电缆管道cable clamp 电缆夹cable connector 电缆接头cable core 电缆芯线cable distributor 电缆分线盒〔配线架〕cable duct [pan, race, trench] 电缆槽[沟]cable end fitting 电缆终端配件cable flat 电缆层cable gallery 电缆廊道cable identification marker 电缆标记，电缆标识器cable integrity testing 电缆一致〔完整〕性试验cable laying 电缆敷设cable layer 电缆包层cable-laid 电缆敷设的cable list 电缆清册cable lug 电缆接线片cable pulling vault 电缆井cable ring system 电缆环网cable socket 电缆端头cable spreading 电缆敷设cable supply 电缆供应cable termination 电缆头cable tray 电缆托[桥]架cablet （周长不到 10″的）小缆索cableway 电缆管孔cabling 电缆敷设，布线cabling diagram 电缆连接图cabling systems by area 区域电缆系统cache memory 高速缓冲存储器CAD [computer aided design] 计算机辅助设计CADD [computer aided design & drawing] 计算机辅助设计与制图(系统) 与)工程(管理)cage motor 鼠笼式电动机cage valve 套筒阀caisson 沉箱calandria 排管容器calandria boost 排管容器充水calandria boundary 排管容器边界calandria head tank 排管容器高位箱calandria level control 排管容器液位控制calandria outlet temperature [COT] 排管容器出口温度calandria pressure relief pipe 排管容器卸压管calandria seismic restraint 排管容器抗震支撑calandria side tubesheet subassembly [CSTS] 排管容器（侧）管板calandria tube 排管calandria tube leak 排管泄漏calandria tubesheet 排管容器管板calandria vault 排管容器室，堆腔calculation sheet 计算书caliber 管径，口径calibrated factor 校准因子calibrated log power 校准对数功率calibration 标定，校准，校验calibration gas 标定气体calibration gas composition 标定气体成分calibration program 检定程序call in （计算机）调入call on （计算机）访问，调用call slip 领料单call-up system 呼叫系统calorimeter 量热计calorstat 恒温箱camber 拱度CAMLS [computerizedannunciationmessage list system] 计算机12报警信息列表系统CAN [National standard of Canada] 加拿大国家标准can handling tool （破损燃料）罐操作工具canal 管道，通道CANDU [canadian deuterium- uranium reactor]坎杜堆，加拿大重水铀堆CANDU Project Management (CPM) 坎杜项目部canister 小罐,金属容器;高放密封容器;空气过滤器, 箱式真空吸尘器CANLUB （燃料包壳）石墨涂层canned pump （全）密封泵canned centrifugal pump 密封式离心泵CANNET [CANDU network] CANDU 网络canning equipment 封装设备cantilever crane 悬臂吊canyon pump 屏蔽泵cap screw 有头螺钉，带帽螺钉capacitance 电容capacitor 电容器capacitor stack 电容器叠层capacity 容量capacity factor 容量因子capillary 毛细管capsule 封套；幅照（样品）盒capsuleflange 封套法兰capture 俘获capture cross section 俘获截面capture gamma ray 俘获γ射线carbon brush 碳刷carbon dioxide 二氧化碳carbon dioxide suppression system 二氧化碳灭火系统carbon floating ring 石墨浮环carbon steel flange 碳钢法兰carbonate 碳酸盐card 插件（板）cardboard filtering element 纸质过滤器元件cardinal point 基点，座标点caretaker 管理员cargo 货运carousel 转盘贮存器，圆盘传送带carriage 滑车；托架；（电）支撑架carriage actuator 滑车驱动器carriage return [CR] 回车carrier 载体；（放射性物质）运输carrier gas 载气carrying gas 载气carrying idler 空载carryover 汽（中夹）带水，带水率carryunder 水带汽，带汽率cart 运输小车cartesian co-ordinate system 直角坐标系cartridge (过滤器)芯子；燃料元件盒cartridge filter 过滤筒，滤芯cartridge valve 插装式阀cascade control 串级调节cascade controller 串级调节器cascading event 触[引]发事件case-by-case 逐件地case-hardening 表面硬化casing 外[泵，机]壳，壳体casing assembly 壳体组件cask(-flask) 屏蔽容器cassette tape 盒（式磁）带cast iron 铸铁casting 铸造casting crack （铸造）缩裂cast-in-site concrete 现浇混凝土catalogue 目录cataloguint/description 编目catalyser [catalyzer] 催化剂，触媒catalyst 催化剂catalytic recombination unit 催化复合装置catcher 捕集器catch-up schedule 赶工计划catenary hose 悬链软管catenary system （装卸料机）悬链系统catexer 阳离子交换树脂cathode 阴极13cathode ray tube [CRT] 阴极射线管cathodic protection 阴极保护cathodic screen CRT 屏幕catholyte 阴极电解液cation 阳离子cation bed 阳离子床cation conductivity 阳离子电导率cation-anion resin 阳-阴离子树脂cationic resin 阳离子交换树脂catoloid 胶体二氧化硅causality 因果律，因果关系cause-consequence tree [CCT] 因果树（分析）caustic 强碱性，碱性的caustic corrosion 碱性腐蚀caustic embrittlement 苛性脆化cavitation 气蚀cavitation corrosion 空蚀，气蚀cavity 腔室CCP [critical channel power] 临界通道功率CCTV [closed-circuit television] 闭路电视CCW [counter-clockwise] 反时针方向CED [contract effective date] 合同生效日期ceiling 天花板ceiling grounding receptacle [CGR] 天棚接地插座cell average normalization [CAN] （堆）栅元平均归一化cell boundary 栅元边界cell configuration 栅元布置cell correction factor 栅元校正因子cell edge normalization [CEN] 栅元边缘归一化cell parameter 栅元参数cell radius 栅元半径cell-averaging (method) 栅元平均（方法）cell-centered flux 栅元中心中子通量cell-homogenized cross section 栅元均匀化截面cellular 多孔的，蜂窝状的Celsius 摄氏cement-solidified 水泥固化的center of maintenance activity 维修活动中心centerline 中（心）线centigrade [C] 百分度，摄氏central bearing pad 中心轴承垫central hole 中心孔central processing unit [CPU] 中央处理器centralized control 集中控制centrifugal 离心的centrifugal pump 离心泵centripetal 向心的centroid 矩心，质心centrosymmetry 中心对称CEP [condensate extraction pump] 凝结水泵ceralloy 陶瓷合金ceramic 陶瓷（的）ceramic uranium pellet 铀陶瓷芯块certificate 证书certificate of approval 鉴定证书certificate of compliance 合格证，税款交清证明书certificate of conformity 合格证certification 鉴定，证明；证明书，鉴定书，检验证明书certification of authorization 授权书certified 合格的certified material test report 合格材料试验报告CFR [code of federal regulation] （美国）联邦管理法规CFV [channel flow verification] 通道流量验证chain block 手拉葫芦，链动滑轮change in design [CID] 设计更改change notice 变更通知change request 变更申请changeover 转向[接]channel 通道；管道channel annulus bellows 燃料通道环隙波纹管channel annulus spacer [garter spring] 燃料通道环形定位圈[箍簧]channel blockage （燃料）通道堵塞channel closure 燃料通道密封塞channel coolant flow rate （燃料）通道冷却剂流量channel dwell time （燃料）通道停留时间channel end fitting （燃料）通道端部（组）件14channel flow verification [CFV] system （燃料）通道流量验证系统channel heat output （燃料）通道热功率channel inlet （燃料）通道入口channel inspection and gauging apparatus for reactor [CIGAR] 反应堆燃料通道检查和测量装置channel network （燃料）通道网（络）channel outlet （燃料）通道出口channel positioning assembly （燃料）通道定位组件channel power peaking factor [CPPF] （燃料）通道功率峰因子channel sealed-in （仪表）通道自保持channel steel 槽钢channel temperature monitoring system [CTMS] （燃料）通道温度监测系统channel –type reactor 压力管式反应堆channeling effect 沟道效应character (string) 字符（串）characteristic curve 特性曲线characterization 表征charcoal absorber 活性炭吸附器charcoal bed 活性炭床charcoal filter 活性炭过滤器charge and discharge operations 装卸料操作charge release 甩负载,甩(循环冷却水)用户charge-coupled device 电荷耦合器件charging/discharging 装卸料chart-recorded 图表记录的chart recorder 图形记录仪chartered bank 特许银行charting 制图，绘图chartographer 制图者chasing 开槽，车螺纹check and test program 检查和试验大纲check bolt 防松/制动螺栓check feed valve 给水止回阀check meter 校验仪表check pin 制动销check plate 防松板，制动板check valve 止回阀checker 检验者，检验装置checklist 核查单checknut 防松螺母，锁紧螺母checkoff 检查完毕，查讫checkout 检验（完毕），校验，测试checkpoint （控制区入口）检查点checksum 检验和chemical addition station 化学物添加站chemical addition vessel 化学物添加箱chemical additive 化学添加剂chemical additive pump 化学添加剂供给泵chemical absorption 化学吸附chemical affinity 化学亲和性[势]chemical cleaning 化学清洗chemical dosing pump 化学计量加料泵chemical lab 化学实验室chemical purification 化学净化chemical purity 化学（物）纯（度）chemicals 化学药物chemisorption 化学吸着作用[吸附]chemistry control 化学控制chequered plate 网[花]纹钢板CHF [critical heat flux] 临界热通量chilled water 冷冻水chiller 冷冻机chimney 烟囱Chinese Commodity Inspection Bureau 中国商检局chloride 氯化物chloridization 氯化chlorinating 加氯chlorination 氯化消毒chlorinator 加氯器chlorinity 氯含量chromatogram 色谱chromatography column 色谱柱chromogram 立体彩色图chromometer 比色计chronic exposure 慢性照射15。
中国广东核电集团核电学院2016-2017学年考试试卷科目：核电专业英语姓名：班级：得分：（考试时间120分钟）Part One: Words and phrases (20 points, 1point each) A.Translate the following words and phrases into Chinese (1 point each)1. coolant temperature coefficient 冷却剂温度系数2. LOCA 失水事故3. radiation protection 辐射防护4.NSSS核蒸汽供应系统5.RCS反应堆冷却剂系统6.control rod drive mechanism 控制棒驱动机构7.abnormal condition 异常工况8.spent fuel 乏燃料9.containment spray system 安全壳喷淋系统10.PWR 压水堆B.Translate the following words and phrases into English (1 point each)1.链式反应chain reaction2.浓缩铀enriched uranium3.慢化剂moderator4.超临界水冷堆SCWR5.稳压器pressurizer6.质量亏损mass defect7.一次侧Primary side 8.非能动安全性passive safety9.蒸汽发生器steam generator 10.中子通量密度neutron fluxPart Two: Choose right ( √) or rong ( ×) according to your knowledge (20points, 1point each)1.A decrease of mass is accompanied by the absorption of energy, and an increase of masscorresponds to the release of energy. ( ×)2.Low energy neutrons usually interact with nucleus more difficult than high energyneutrons. ( ×)3.There are three types of interaction between gamma rays and the matter: photoelectricscattering, photoelectric effect, and electron-positron pair production. ( √ )4.If the multiplication factor is less than one the reactor is supercritical. ( ×)5.The more excess fuel is added, the greater must be the control by rods and soluble poison.( √ )6.The maximum permissible temperature of the fuel is one of the most important factors inthe design of thermal reactor. ( √)7.When the CEA is inserted, the reactivity is removed. ( √ )8.The fission threshold detectors monitor the neutron flux. ( ×)9.During normal operation, the Zircaloy fuel cladding material cannot react with water toproduce hydrogen gas. ( √ )10.The reactor coolant should be chemically non-reactive with other components of thereactor. ( √ )11.The fuel assemblies are put on the lower support structure. ( √ )12.The core support barrel assembly is supported by its upper end. ( √ )13.The fuel rod provides three barriers to the escape of fission products. ( ×)14.To allow plant maintenance, valves are provided around feed heaters. ( ×)15.The long-term control of core reactivity means adjustment of boric acid. ( √ )16.For safety and control consideration, the reactor is usually designed to have a negativereactivity coefficient. ( √)17.The RCS must be pressurized before injection can occur. ( ×)18.Unlike AP1000 which uses passive safety systems , EPR adopts active system. ( √ )19.ACR adopts light water as coolant which is different from the previous CANDU designs.( √ )20.The output of turbine depends on the size of the blades. ( ×)Part Three: Singe choice (20 points, 1point each)1.The protons and neutrons are called C .A. NucleiB. IsotopesC. NucleonsD. atoms2.Hydrogen and deuterium D moderators.A. cannot be used asB. are suitableC. are goodD. are used in the form of oxide as3.In the PWR D is necessary to achieve criticality.A. UraniumB. natural uraniumC. high enriched uraniumD. slightly enriched uranium4.The breeder reactor has the ability to use D .A. all of the uranium isotopesB. uranium-235C. uranium-238D. both 235U and 238U5.Steam turbine can rotate in ( B ).A. one directionB. two directionsC. very low speedD. many directions6.Primary system water enters the reactor vessel through the inlet nozzles, and then travelsdownward in D .A. the tubeB. the annular spaceC. the vesselD. the low plenum7.The in-core neutron monitoring system is used to determine the A .A. neutron f1ux distributionB. neutron velocityC. both A and BD. neither A nor B8.The fission threshold detectors monitor the D .A. neutron irradiationB. neutron f1uxC. temperature changeD. fast neutron f1ux9.In the down comer, the water is ( D ).A. saturatedB. boilingC. very coldD. subcooled10.The hazard of nuclear radiation to human beings is due to the B of radiationsand particles.A. high powerB. ionizing effectC. penetrating powerD. high energy11.Auxiliary feed water pump is driven by C .A. electricityB. main steamC. turbineD. motor12.The closure head is joined to the reactor vessel by A .A. boltingB. weldingC. forgingD. joining13.The thermal efficiency of PWRs is B .A. more than 40%B. about 30%C. less than 10%D. about 70%14.The reactor vessel is B with a ledge on the inside surfaceA. shell sectionB. forged ringC. forged plateD. hemispherical forging15.The space between the core shroud and the core support barrel is filled with D .A. fuelB. heliumC. neutronsD. coolant16.In the Light Water Reactor, water is used as D .A. CoolantB. ModeratorC. Steam generatorD. both A and B17.The pressurizer is connected by C to the hot leg.A. a small pipeB. a valveC. a surge lineD. a U tube18.The reactor vessel is a large C , steel made container.A. safetyB. movableC. cylindricalD. long19.The space between the reactor vessel and the core barrel is the ( C ).A. fuel rodsB. control rodsC. down comerD. plenum20.In the fuel rod the spring is set on the ( B ).A. pellet columnB. spacer discC. end capD. topPart Four: Translation (40 points, 10 points each)A. Translate the following sentences into Chinese (20 points, 5 points each)1．Radiation is harmful because it has ability to ionize atoms within our bodies, and it may alter the cell structure and even cause cell death in large doses.译文：辐射是有害的，因为它能将我们体内的原子电离，并改变细胞结构，更有甚者在遭遇大剂量辐射时会导致细胞死亡。
第一课词汇：•Concept概念, conception概念, conceive构想、理解•Isotope同位素, isomer同质异能素•element, atom, nucleus, nucleon–element, elements,–molecule, molecules, molecular–atom, atoms, atomic,–nucleus['nju:kliəs，'nu:kliəs]原子核 , nuclei, nuclear,–nucleon['nju:kliɔn]核子, nucleons, nucleonic核子的–particle, particles,•fissile易裂变的, fissionable可以发生裂变的•fertile可裂变的，fertile materials增殖材料•fission, fusion, decay•inner, innermost / outer, outermost•chain reaction•fragment碎片Expression：•times– A is ten times B.•varies inversely as•E equals m times c squared. E = mc2•the n-th power of a: an•result in / result from•is accompanied by / correspond to•The discovery of fission was made in Germany in 1938 by Hahn......•Be composed of 由…组成•Binding energy 结合能•Discrete excited states 不连续的激发态•Electromagnetic radiation 电磁辐射•Ev：electron-volt•Conservation of mass/energy 质量/能量守恒练习：•电子带负电，质子带正电。
核电普工考试题库及答案一、单选题1. 核电站的主要能源来源是什么？A. 太阳能B. 核能C. 风能D. 地热能答案：B2. 核电站中，用于控制核反应速率的设备是什么？A. 反应堆B. 控制棒C. 冷却系统D. 燃料棒答案：B3. 核反应堆中，核燃料棒的主要材料是什么？A. 铀B. 钚C. 钍D. 镭答案：A4. 核电站的冷却系统通常使用哪种物质作为冷却剂？A. 水B. 空气C. 油D. 液态金属答案：A5. 核电站的废物处理中，低放射性废物通常需要隔离多少年？A. 50年B. 100年C. 300年D. 1000年答案：C二、多选题1. 核电站的运行需要哪些关键系统的支持？A. 反应堆系统B. 冷却系统C. 电力传输系统D. 安全保护系统答案：ABCD2. 核能发电过程中，以下哪些物质是放射性的？A. 核燃料B. 冷却剂C. 反应堆结构材料D. 核废料答案：AD3. 核安全监管机构通常需要对哪些方面进行监督？A. 核设施的设计B. 核材料的运输C. 核废物的处理D. 核事故的应急响应答案：ABCD三、判断题1. 核电站的建设需要严格的环境影响评估。
（对）2. 核能发电是一种完全无污染的能源。
（错）3. 核反应堆的运行过程中，核燃料会不断消耗。
（对）4. 核电站的冷却系统可以采用空气作为冷却剂。
（错）5. 核废料的处理和储存是核能发电中的重要环节。
（对）四、简答题1. 简述核电站的工作原理。
答案：核电站的工作原理是通过核反应堆中的核裂变反应释放能量，这些能量被用来加热水产生蒸汽，蒸汽驱动涡轮机转动，进而带动发电机发电。
2. 核电站如何确保核安全？答案：核电站通过多重安全系统和严格的操作规程来确保核安全，包括设计上的多重屏障、操作中的安全文化、监管上的严格监督以及事故应急响应计划等。
3. 核电站的废物处理包括哪些步骤？答案：核电站的废物处理包括废物的分类、收集、处理、储存和最终处置等步骤，确保放射性废物得到安全、有效的管理，以防止对环境和公众健康造成影响。
核电领域专业英语(不断补充中)作者：Bluestars一、English—Chineseanalogy n.类似, 类推accommodate 供应, 供给, 使适应, 调节, 和解, 向...提供, 容纳, 调和vi适应actinide 锕系元素activity 【放射性】活度additive 添加物aleed 泄放；排泄；抽气alternate adj.交替的, 轮流的, 预备的v.交替, 轮流, 改变annihilate vt.消灭, 歼灭,湮灭anode n.[电]阳极, 正极ANSI-American National Standards Institute 美国国家标准协会arbitrary 任意的，随机的ASME-American Society of Mechanical Engineers 美国机械工程师协会atomic 原子的，原子能的，很小的；极小的attenuation n.变薄, 稀薄化, 变细, 衰减Avogadros Number=6.023*1023mol-1BDBA-Beyond Design Basic Accident 超设计基准事故beryllium n.[化]铍(元素符号Be)blow down 排放，排污blowout n.(车胎)爆裂, 喷出, 保险丝烧断, 井中喷水或油等bombardment n炮击, 轰击bremsstrahlung 韧致辐射buildup n.组合, 集结, 累积, 形成canal 渠道，管道，通道；槽，沟cathode n.阴极caustic 腐蚀性的, 刻薄的cavity 腔，腔室，空穴CDF Core dissolving frequency堆芯熔化频率charcoal 炭，活性炭CIS-Containment Isolation System 安全壳隔离系统compartment 间隔，分隔；隔间，隔板，隔离框架（用于贮运易裂变物质，以保临界安全）component n.成分adj.组成的, 构成的condensate 冷凝物；冷缩物，冷凝水，凝结水；冷凝，凝结；凝缩condenser 凝汽器，【热管的】冷凝段；电容器；聚光器constituent adj组成的：作为整体一部分的,组成的; 有选举权的;有宪法制定［修改］权的Coulomb n.[电]库仑(电量单位)credible accident 可信事故criterion (复数为critera)标准，准则，判据，规范culminate v.达到顶点curie(Ci) 居里（以前采用的活度单位，等于3.7 ×e10Bq）cyclotron n.回旋加速器DBA-Design Basic Accident 设计基准事故decay vi.腐朽, 腐烂, 衰减, 衰退n.腐朽, 腐烂, 衰减, 衰退v.衰落decay 【放射性】衰变，衰减deflect v.(使)偏斜, (使)偏转depletion 贫化（核技术）；损耗，消耗，耗尽（半导体）；减压，降低deuterium n.[化]氘discrete adj.不连续的, 离散的disintergration 衰变；分裂，解体，分解dislodge v.驱逐displace vt.移置, 转移, 取代, 置换v.转移disrupt v.使中断, 使分裂, 使瓦解, 使陷于混乱, 破坏dissipated heat 散逸热，散失热duct 管，管道，风道，孔道dumbbell n.[体] 哑铃n.<美俚> 蠢人, 笨蛋, 傻瓜ECCS-Emergency Core Cooling System安全注射系统又称为应急堆芯冷却系统effluent 排除物，流出物，流出夜；污水，腐夜ejection n.喷出, 排出物electron n, 电子embrace vt.拥抱, 互相拥抱, 包含, 收买, 信奉vi.拥抱n.拥抱emit vt.发出, 放射, 吐露, 散发, 发表, 发行equilibrium n.平衡, 平静, 均衡, 保持平衡的能力, 沉着, 安静erode 侵蚀erythrocyte 红细胞ESF-Engineered Safety Feature 专设安全设施exothermic 放热的，放能的fallout 辐射微尘, 原子尘, 附带结果fissile adj.易分裂的, 易裂的, 分裂性的, 可分裂的, 裂变的fissionable n.可裂变物质adj.可引起核分裂的,可分裂的flammability 可燃性fluorescent adj.荧光的, 莹光的force n.力量, 武力, 精力, 魄力, 势力, 暴力, [复]军队, 影响力frothing 起沫geometric/geometrical 几何的getter 【真空】吸气剂，吸气器gonad 性腺halogen 卤（素）helium n.氦（化学元素, 符号为He）HFT-hot functional test 热态测试hitherto adv.迄今, 至今hood 【压力容器】顶盖；罩；防护罩；通风橱hydrogen n.氢hyperbolic adj.双曲线的impart vt.给予(尤指抽象事物), 传授, 告知, 透露impingement 冲击，撞击，打击；震incipient adj.初始的inert adj.无活动的, 惰性的, 迟钝的inertia n.惯性, 惯量inhibited 羞怯的, 内向的inleakage 漏入，渗入inservice 运行，在役instantaneous adj.瞬间的, 即刻的, 即时的interchange vt.(指两人等)交换v.相互交换intermediate adj.中间的n.媒介invert adj.转化的vt.使颠倒, 使转化n.颠倒的事物iodine 碘Iirradiate v.照射isotope n, [化]同位素kinetic adj.(运)动的, 动力(学)的lineup 阵容, 阵形, 一组人load 负荷，负载，载荷；装载，装料；【矿】装药log 记录，测井记录；运行记事手册，测程器；对数符LPCI-Low Pressure Coolant Injection 低压冷却剂注射magnitude n.大小, 数量, 巨大, 广大, 量级materialize 使成真，实现; 使物质化，使具体化medium n.媒体, 方法, 媒介adj.中间的, 中等的, 半生熟的migrate vi.移动, 移往, 移植, 随季节而移居, (鸟类的)迁徙v t.使移居, 使移植miniscule 草写小字的, 小字的mitigation 调节，减轻，缓和，消除（清除或减少某些费劲的、有害的、危险的或灾难性情况）monochromatic adj.[物]单色的, 单频的neutrino n.微中子neutron 中子noble 贵重的，高贵的NSSS-Nuclear Steam Supply System 核蒸汽供应系统nuclei nucleus 的复数形nucleon [核]核子nucleus 核，核心，中心，核心OBE-Operating Basic Earthquakeobiviate 消除, 排除(危险、障碍等), 回避, 预防, 避免orientation 取向，定向，方位，方向性；面向；适应particle 粒子, 点, 极小量, 微粒, 质点,particulate 微粒Periodic Table周期表photon n.[物]光子position n.位置, 职位, 立场, 形势, 阵地vt.安置, 决定...的位置postulate 假定，公设，假设postulated accident 假想事故precursor 先驱；前身；初级粒子；【产物】母体，先驱核（素）；前驱波projectile n.射弹adj.发射的propagate v.繁殖, 传播, 宣传proximity 近似，接近，附近PSA -possibility of safety analysis 概率安全分析PSAR-Preliminary Safety Analysis Report 初步安全分析报告Purge 净化，清洗，清除，吹洗，驱汽；换汽qualitative adj.性质上的, 定性的radiolysis 辐解，辐照分解radionuclide 放射性核素radiotoxic放射性毒的RCI-Reactor Core Isolation 反应堆堆芯隔离冷却（系统）RCS-reactor coolant system 反应堆冷却剂系统recoil 反冲redundant 多余的，冗余的，累赘的；n redundancyrepulsion n.推斥, 排斥, 严拒, 厌恶, 反驳resultant adj.作为结果而发生的, 合成的retention 滞留（量），驻留；保留（指从靶中分离不出来的放射性原子的分数）；保留值RHR-Residual Heat Removal 余热排除RPR 反应堆保护系统rupture 破裂，断裂，破断，裂开schematic adj.示意性的scheme 方案，计划，规划；图，图解，线路图，流程图，设计图；电路shrapnel 榴散弹shround 稳流套（核燃料组件活性段包壳，起稳定通过组件冷却剂流量的作用）；【堆】围筒，护罩，遮板，屏蔽板，包壳sloshing 晃动solenoid 螺线管，筒形电磁线圈solution 溶液；溶解；【数】解，解法solvent 溶剂，溶媒spleen 脾split v.劈开, (使)裂开, 分裂, 分离n.裂开, 裂口, 裂痕spontaneuous adj.自发的, 自然产生的SSE-Safety Shutdown Earthquakestandby 可以信任的人, 使船待命的信息；备用stem n.茎, 干, 词干, 茎干；v.滋生, 阻止strontium 锶（Sr）submersion n.淹没subscript adj, 写在下方的subsequent adj.后来的, 并发的sump 污水坑, 水坑, 池, 机油箱superscript adj.写在上边的n.上角文字, 上标suppression pool 弛压水池sweep 扫；扫描；【云室】净化；摆动；展开；范围thyroid 甲状腺tornado 旋风, 龙卷风, 大雷雨, 具有巨大破坏性的人(或事物)torus n.[植]花托, 花床, 圆环面transuranium adj.[化](元素)铀后的,超铀的tritiate 氚化tritium n.[化]氚(氢的放射性同位素undergo vt.经历, 遭受, 忍受velocity n.速度, 速率, 迅速, 周转率vicinity n.邻近, 附近, 接近vintage 同年代的一批产品vt.强制, 强加, (用武力)夺取, 促使, 推动, 施加压力warrant n.授权, 正当理由, 根据, 证明, 凭证, 委任状, 批准, 许可证vt.保证, 辩解, 担保, 批准, 使有正当理由weir 堰，坝，水口；溢流道，空腔；谐振腔zigzag n.Z字形, 锯齿形, 蜿蜒曲折adj.曲折的, 锯齿形的,Z字形的adv.作Z形地, 弯弯曲曲地v.成Z字形, 作Z字形行进, 曲折前进zinc galvanized 镀锌的二、Chinese—English定量的 quantitative定性的 qualitative扩散 diffuse ；diffusion慢化 moderate ；moderation热工水力 thermal hydraulics瞬态 transience ；transient，adj微观能量单位 electron-volt(eV) mega electron-volt(MeV) 1eV=1.60 2*10-19joule微观质量单位1u=1.6604*10-27kg C12质量的1/12，或1kg=6.023*1026u。
Auxiliary 辅助的，备用的Blowdown 冷却管突然爆裂，排污管 Compress 压缩，精简Instrument仪器，乐器，工具，仪表 Component组件，部件，成分，设备 Condensate 凝结水，冷凝水，凝结 Condenser凝气器Feed 补给Removal除去，拆除，取出 Containment 安全壳Polishing抛光，磨光，清洗Volume容积；卷，册，书卷；音量，响度 Diverse不同的；多种多样的；变化的 Circulating循环的 ；流动的Actuation动作，驱动，开动，刺激 Processing处理，加工；调整，搬运 Standby备用的人或物，待命Diesel柴油机，内燃机Boiler锅炉，烧水器Storm drain暴雨水沟；暴雨下水道；雨水道Drain 耗尽；排水沟，排水管，下水道 Demineralize去除矿物质，软化，除盐；脱矿Non-class非安全Process过程Trace跟踪，追踪，痕迹Plant工厂，发电厂Cathodic阴极的，负极的；阴极保护 Feedwater给水Startup启动，启动选项Gland填料压盖Seal密封，阀座，密封面Generator发电机，信号发生器Heater 加热器Incore堆内；核心Lub oil润滑油，润滑剂Meteorology气象学，气象Monitoring监控，监测，监听，追踪 Mechanical handling 机械搬运，机械装卸 Operation操作，运行，运转Passive被动的，无源的，非能动的 Sampling抽样，取样 ，采样Potable可以喝的，适合饮用的 Coolant冷却剂，冷却液Roof屋顶，顶部Roof drain屋顶排水，屋顶排水口 Radiation 辐射，放射Residual剩余的，残余的Raw生的，原始的，天然的，未经处理过的 Sanitary卫生的，清洁的，保健的 Sanitary drainage 生活污水排放系统 Drainage 排水，放水；排水系统；下水道 Spent 消耗的，用过的，废的，好近的 Spent fuel乏燃料Seismic地震的，有关地震的Secondary 二回路Vent排气，通气，泄放Relief解除，减轻，排放Diognostic诊断的，判断的ventilation 通风，换气，通风设备 recirculation再循环habitability可居住，适居住性filtration过滤，筛选hydrogen氢气pump house泵房radwaste 放射性废物radwaste building废物厂房leak泄漏chilled以经冷却的annex附属物，附件，附属建筑gasous气体的，气态的，瓦斯的 transmission传输，传送，传递 switchyard户外配电装置offsite 厂区外的，装置外的onsite 现场，厂内excitation励磁，激发voltage电压，载波电压regulation整顿，调节，管理核物理基本概念ion离子system international 国际单位制 molecule分子atom原子，威力 ，原子能nucleus原子核，核心，核子coulomb库伦electron电子proton质子neutron中子defect缺损，缺陷binding 粘合，绑定nucleon核子kinetic动力的，运动的indentity 个性，特性potential潜在的，势的positively带正电的jump跃迁negatively负的，负电性的repulsion排斥，斥力；反感uncharted不带电的neutal中立的，中性的periodic table周期表bombardment轰击，轰炸emission排放，放射，发射atomic number原子序数mass number质量数energy level能级orbital 轨道，轨道的fission分裂，裂变；裂变增值isotope同位素fussion聚变occur发生，出现decay衰退，衰减，腐败，衰变artificial人工的，人造的，虚假的，人为地barium钡bond 连接，接合，键boron硼compound复合物，混合物，化合物 bismuth铋superscript上标，上角标subscript下标uranium铀plutonium钚oxygen氧气thorium钍lithium锂deuterium氘，重氢sodium钠reaction反应、tritium氚，超重氢 carbon碳helium氦，氦气transuranium铀后的，超铀的 radioactive放射性的fissionable可裂变的mean平均数，平均值weighted加权的，加权平均fissile易裂变fragment碎片，断片momentum动量macroscopic宏观的，肉眼可见的 microscopic微观的，显微的，精微的 electromagnetic电磁mesoscopic介观的electrostatic静电的，静电学的放射性Cosmic宇宙射线Inversel相反的Proportional成比例的Ionization电离Bremsstrahlung韧致辐射Inhale吸入，吸气Photon光子，光量子Scattering散射Shielding屏蔽Collision碰撞，冲突Positron正电子Aluminum铝Accelerator加速器Beryllium铍Annihilation湮灭，淹没 Interaction相互作用 Photoelectric光电的Effect效应，效用Ingest摄取，吞下核反应Attenuation衰减Recoil反冲，弹回Amplification放大Cadmium镉Transmutation转变，嬗变Cobalt钴Diffusion扩散Nitrogen氮气Mercury汞flux通量elastic弹性的neutrino中微子inelastic非弹性的radioisotope同位素section截面thermonuclear热核反应核材料Pellet燃料芯块Moderator慢化剂，减速剂Cladding覆层，包层，包壳Rod杆，棒Sublime升华Boric acid硼酸Chromium铬Swelling膨胀，肿胀，隆起Hafnium铪Burnup 燃耗，烧完Gadolinium钆Alloy合金Indium铟Magnox镁诺克斯合金Magnesium镁Zircloy 锆合金Nickel镍Compound合成，复合物，混合物，化合物 Zirconium锆Silicon硅Fission fragment裂变产物Graphite石墨Posion毒液，阴离子Pressing模制，压制Sintering烧结，溶结Oxidize氧化，使生锈Crack开裂，破裂Dioxide二氧化碳Fertile多产的，富饶的，可繁殖的 Hedrocarbon碳氢化合物Breeding增殖，再生Ratio比率，比例 Enriched浓缩的，富集的，强化的 Thermal热的，热量的Conductivity传导率，传导性Specific特有的，专门的，比的 Viscosity粘稠，粘性，粘度Saturation饱和，饱和度，饱和状态Flux通量，流动Shaping修整的，外形塑造Sustaining支持的，持续的Self-sustaining chain reaction自持链式反应Fast Neutron快中子Fuel cycle燃料循环Hexafluxride六氟化铀Critical临界的，极限的Centrifuge离心机Supercitical超临界Gaseous气体的，气态的Siffusion扩散Criticality临界（a）Refuel换料Critical size 临界尺寸Resonance共振，共鸣Elastic有弹性的，灵活的Core堆芯，活性区Facor系数，因子，因素Thermal utilization factor热中子利用系数 Blanket再生区、Slow down慢化Permeable可渗透的Membrane膜，薄膜Spin转转，偏转Depleted废弃的，贫化的Multiplication增殖，增加，乘法 Pressurized waterreactor压水反应堆，压水堆Margin裕度，边缘Moisture水汽，湿气Inservice inspection在役检查Steam dryer干燥器Internal内部的，里面的Fuel pellet燃料芯块Pressurizer加压器，稳压器Vessel导管，容器Reactor vassel.pressure vassel压力容器 Surge波浪，浪涌，涌Surge line波动管Sectional断面的，剖面的Sectional view剖视图Shim薄垫片Chemical shim control 化学补偿控制Pit坑，洞，深坑Reactor pit堆坑Element元素，元件Assembly组件Airtight密封的，不透气的 Mechanism机械装置，机构Nozzle喷嘴，管口，接管Seed点火区Plate板块，平板Utility用户，业主，业界Fuel assembly燃料组件Vendor卖主，供货商Inlet进口，入口Outlet出口Multiple多重的，多样的Barrier栅栏，屏障，障碍Barrel桶Core barrel堆芯吊篮Burnable absorber可燃吸收体 Redundancy多余，过多，冗长，冗余度 Diversity多样性Shell壳，外壳，壳体Steam line 蒸汽管线Contain包容Reactivity反应性Insert插入，嵌入Reactivity insertion反应性引入 Concentration浓度，浓缩，集中Load负荷，转载，负荷量Dilution稀释，摊薄Buildup累积，形成In-core detector system堆内测量系统 Self-powerd neutron detector 自给能中子探测器Axial power distribution轴向功率分布 Axial 轴的，轴向的Conditioning调节，调整 Distribution分布，分配Azimuthal方位的，方位角的Tilt倾斜，倾斜度Trip跳闸，错误，旅行Reactor trip反应堆紧急停堆Turbine trip气机脱扣Departure离开，出发，启程，背离，违反 Departure from nucleate boiling偏离泡核沸腾Nucleate成核的，有核的，具核的 Reliability可信度，可靠性Forging锻造Ring-forging环锻件Velocity速度，速率Surveillance监视，监督Specimen样品，抽样Bypass旁路，绕道，避开Mount安装，支架Phosphorous磷Austenitic奥氏体的Sulfur硫磺，硫Stainless不锈的Stainless steel 不锈钢Weld焊接Flange法兰，凸缘Threshold临界值，限值，阈值 Thermalcouple热电偶Engage接合，啮合，对位Nil零，无，零分Ductility延展性，延伸性Transition转变，转移，过度Nil-ductility transition temperature零延性转变温度Tapered逐渐变细的Fluence通量，注量率，影响Dome圆屋顶，像圆屋顶一样的东西 Integrated集成的，整合的，整体的 Shroud覆盖物，遮盖物，围板Burnable absorber rod 可燃吸收棒 Californium锎Creep潜变，蠕变Indium铟Lattice格子，框架，栅格Ceramic陶瓷的，陶器的Clearance间隙看，空隙Plug塞子，栓，阻力塞Contaminate污染，玷污Reactivity worth反应性价值Grid网格，格子，栅格Specific power比功率Inconel因科镍合金，镍铬合金 Antimony锑Inherent固有的，内在的，与生俱来的 Inherent safty固有安全性Cadmium镉Passive safety非能动安全Active 主动的，活动的Active safty能动安全Spider星形架Sleeve套管，套筒Spacer隔离物Spacer grid定位格架U-tube steam generator U型管蒸汽发生器 Rated 额定的，规定的Reted load额定负荷Azinuthal方位角的，方位的Clearance间隙Amplification放大，扩大，扩增Flux-shaping通量展平Effluent废水，流出物，污水 Radioactive effluent放射性流出物 Inelastic无弹性的，非弹性的Diffusion扩散，传播Head头，封头Mount安装，装Elastic弹性的Crust地壳，面包皮Seed点火区Electromagnetic radiation电磁辐射 Electric.cable电缆Forging锻造Emit发出，射出Flange法兰Be.inversely.proportional.to反比于 Proportional比例的，成比例的Recoil反冲，弹回Orbital轨道，轨道的Enthalpy焓 Weld焊，焊接Alloy合金Valence价，化合价Chemical.identity化学性质Annular环形的Activation product活化产物Delayed慢性的American nuclear society美国核学会 Excite激发，励磁American society of mechanical engineer 美国机械工程师协会Quench急速冷却，淬火Magenesium镁Magnox镁诺克斯合金Heatup加热，升温Friction摩擦，冲突Surveillance监视，监督管理Diverging渐扩的，发散的Wear磨损，损耗Converging收敛的，汇聚的，渐缩的 Concentration浓度，含量，浓缩 Repulsion排斥，厌恶，反感，斥力 Electrostatic静电的，电的Rupture断裂，破裂Sectional断面的，剖面的，部分的 Airtight气密的，密封的Gaseous气体的，气态的Gaseous diffusion process气体扩散工艺 Weighting factor权重因子Thermal shock热冲击Centrifuge离心机，使分离Centrifuge process离心工艺 Superscript上标Bremsstrahlung韧致辐射Hexafluoride六氟化物Uranium hexafluoride六氟化铀Entropy熵，平均信息量Sintering烧结，熔结Sublime升华Dome圆屋顶，圆顶Jump跃迁Service factor使用因子Blanket再生区Manually手动的，手工的Inservice.inspection在役检查 Attenuation衰减，减少Carbide 碳化物Steam line蒸汽管线Ceramic陶瓷的，陶器的Positron正电子Manufacturer制造商Confidence置信度，信心Thrust推力，推动力Neutrino中微子Swelling肿胀Out of service退役的Microscopic微观的，显微的Shroud围板Axial power distribution轴向功率分布 Draw a pressure steam bubble稳压器汽空间建立Tapered逐渐变细的，锥形的，渐缩的 Fouling污垢，结垢Contaminate污染，弄脏，玷污Self-powered neutron detector自给能中子探测器Inhale吸入，吸气Suction吸入口Plug阻力塞，塞子Dilution稀释Signal conditioning信号调理Quality质量，品质，蒸汽干度Spin旋转，偏转Annihilation湮灭Oxidize氧化，使生锈Specimen样品，式样，标本Blade,vane叶片，叶栅，轮叶Sump集水坑，污水坑Containment sump安全壳地坑Safety injection pump安注泵Primary outlet nozzle一次初接管 Primary inlet plenum一次进水室 Primary coolant一次冷却剂Cladding包壳，包层，覆层Saturation饱和，饱和度Threshold阈值，临界值Ductility延展性，柔软性，韧性Nil无，零，零分 Transition转变，转移，过度Nil-ductility transition trmperature零延性转变温度Vender，supplier卖主，供应商Full power(FP)满功率Moserater减速剂Revolution旋转，改革，革命Rpm=revolutions per minute转每分Rps=revolutions per second转没秒 Gland steam system密封蒸汽系统 Blowdown喷放，排污，突然爆裂 Departure离开，偏离Departure from nucleate boiling偏离泡核沸腾Depleted废弃的，贫化的Depleted uranium贫化铀Mean平均值，平均数Mean free path平均自由程Pneumatic气动的，风动的Pneumatic valve气动阀Turbine driven feedwater pump气动给水泵Turbine trip气机脱扣（甩负荷） Turbine generater汽轮发电机Latent潜伏的，潜在的Latent heat 潜热Chernobyl accident切尔诺贝利事故 Thermocouple热电偶，温差电偶 Thermal reactor热中子反应堆Thermalneutron热中子Redunda ncy过多，过度，冗余，冗余度 Conponent部件，元件，设备Graphite石墨Prompt瞬间的，临界的Prompt neutron瞬发中子Outrage停堆，停堆期Flow restrictor限流器Accumulater储压器，蓄压箱Fissile易裂变的Cosmic ray宇宙射线Reinforced加强的，加固的Margin边缘，裕度Prime mover原动力，发动者Nucleus原子核Nuclei原子核Boost pressure增压Booster pressure增压泵Breeding增殖Breeding ratio增殖比Fertile可繁殖的，可增殖的Fertile material增殖材料Lattice格子，框架Viscosity粘性，粘度Mega electron-volt兆电子伏Deflection折射Occupational exposure职业照射Non-return valve止回阀Mass defect质量亏损Defect欠缺，亏损Deuterium氘，重氢Transuranium超铀的，铀后面的 Transuranium element超铀元素Uranium carbide碳化铀Actinide锕系元素Fertile isotope增殖同位素Fusion融合，聚变，核聚变Cross section横截面，断面Fissile易裂变的Canadian deuterium and uranium reactor 加拿大重水铀反应堆British gas-cooled magnox reactor英国气冷堆High temperature gas cooled reactor高温气冷堆Reactor pressure vessel反应堆压力容器 Up closure head上封头Hydraulic水力的，液压的Hydraulic stud tensioner液压螺栓拉伸机（张紧机）Xenon氙Fast breeder reactor快中子增殖堆 Advanced reactor先进反应堆European pressurized water reactor(EPR) Control element assembly控制棒组件（CEA）Control element drive mechanism控制棒驱动机构（CEDM）Barrel吊篮，桶 Reactor vassel internals反应堆内构件 Swelling肿胀，浮肿Corrode腐蚀，浸蚀Integrity完整，完全，完整性Reactor coolant pump 反应堆主泵（RCP） Shaft轴，传动轴Seal密封，封住Shaft seal pump轴封泵Nuclear steam supply system核蒸汽供应系统（NSSS）Primary system一回路系统Pressurizer稳压器（PRZ）Surge line波动管Feed regulating valve给水调节阀 Steam generater(SG)蒸汽发生器Main steam line(MSL)主蒸汽管Moisture separater reheater(MSR)汽水分离再热器（normal/abnormal）operating condition 运行工况Operater操纵员Maintenance维护，维修，保养 Surveillance监视，监督，监测Feed (water) pump给水泵Foundation地基，基础Stack烟囱，烟道Penetration穿透，贯穿件Nuclear island核岛Conventional非核的，常规的，常见的 Balance of plant(BOP)核电厂配套子项 Auxiliary system for primary loop一回路辅助系统Chemical and volume control system（CVCS）化学与容积控制系统Engineered safety feature(ESF)专设安全设施Residual heat-removal system(RHRS)余热排出系统Emergency core cooling system（ECCS）应急堆芯冷却系统Safety injection system(SI)安注系统 Refueling water storage tank（IRWST）换料水箱Diesel柴油机车，内燃机Diesel generator柴油发电机 Automatic protective system（APS）自动保护系统Instrument and control system(A&C system)仪控系统Scram/trip紧急停堆Outage 中断，停运Refueling outage换料停堆Full power operation满功率运行 Insertion插入Withdrawal抽出Reactor regulating system(RRS)反应堆调节系统Transient 瞬态，瞬时，不稳定的 Decay heat衰变热Void coefficient空泡系数Act法案Guidance导则Criteria标准，条件，准则 Radioactivity放射性Scatter分散，散射，散开Diffraction衍射Commission调试Decommissioning退役Main control room主控制室Reactivity insertion accident(RIA)反应性引入事故Inherent固有的，内在的，与生俱来的 Inherent safety固有安全Passive 被动 的，无源的Passive safety非能动安全 Redundancy冗余，过多，冗余度 Diversity多样性，多样化Regulation监管，规则Ionization电离Annihilate湮灭Attenuate 衰减的，减少Projectile 入射离子，抛射Irradiation辐射 照射Exposure照射Fluence注量Dose剂量，一剂药Equivalent当量，等量的Dose equivalent 剂量当量 Coma昏迷Cramp绞痛，抽筋World association of nuclear operators世界核电运营者协会Momentum动量，动力Diarrhea腹泻，拉肚子Tremor颤抖，发抖Vomit呕吐Somatic肉体的，身体的Symptom症状，征兆Therapy治疗，疗法Activation活化，激活Activation product活化产物Effluent废水，污水Natural background天然本底Spectrum谱，光谱，频谱，波谱Radon氡Disposal处理，处置Inertia惯性Magnitude重要性，数量级Eliminate消除，排除，根除 Mechanism ，approach，priciple，theory 机理，原理Susceptible敏感的，易受影响的Toxic有毒的Acute急剧的，极大地，严重的Seismic地震的Tornado旋风，龙卷风Heat sink热阱Coastdown惰转Excursion漂移Power excursion功率漂移Postulate假定，假设Ductility延展性Demonstration reactor示范堆 Prototype原型，蓝本Prototype reactor原型堆Commercial reactor商用堆Blanket转换区Breeding region增殖区Shim rod补偿棒Neutron source中子源Core grid堆芯栅板Reactor lattice反应堆栅格Cell栅元Core barrel堆芯吊篮Control rod drive mechanism控制板驱动机构Pressure Housing耐压壳Moderator慢化剂Irradiation rig辐照装置Reflector反射层Rabbi shuttle跑兔Black黑体Grey灰体Conversion转换Criticality临界Criticalsize临界尺寸Critical volume临界体积Subcriticality次临界Supercriticality超临界Group cross section群截面Neutron diffusion中子扩散Diffusion equation扩散方程 Undermoderated欠慢化 Overmoderated过慢化Flux flattening通量展平Critical position of control rod临界棒位 Shimming补偿Chemical shimming control化学补偿控制 Excess reactivity剩余反应性Reactivity feedback反应性系数 Reactivity coefficient 反应性系数 Temperature coefficient of reactivity反应性温度系数Load factor负荷因子After heat剩余释热Decay heat衰变热Decay power衰变功率Subcooled boiling欠热沸腾Nucleate boiling泡核沸腾Film boiling膜态沸腾Critical heat flux临界热流密度Initial core初始堆芯Scheduled discharge specific burnup计划卸料比燃耗Optimum specific burnup最佳比燃耗 Fission poison裂变毒物 Xenon equilibrium氙平衡Chemical and volume control system化学和容积控制系统Volume control tank容积控制箱 Protection system保护系统Safety action 安全动作Active component能动部件Engineered safety feature专设安全设施 High head safety injection system高压安全注射系统Low head safety injection system低压安全注射系统Accumulator安全注射箱Core spray system堆芯冷却系统 Suppression压制Pressure suppression system压力抑制系统 Recirculation再循环地坑 Recombination复合，再结合Equipment hatch设备闸门Air lock气密闸门Shutdown cooling system停堆冷却系统 Refueling water tank换料水箱Fuel handling and storge system换料装卸和贮存系统Fuel transfer tube燃料运输通道New fuel elevator新燃料升降机Fuel transfer carriage燃料运输小车 Rotating plug旋转屏蔽塞Liquid metal seal液态金属密封In-vessel refueling machine堆内换料机 Primary circuit 一回路 Commissioning调试，试运行Startup test of reactor反应堆启动测试 Precritical临界前试验Power ascension test功率提升试验 Leakage rate 泄漏率Endurance test强度测试Fuel loading装料Reactor start up反应堆启动Shuffing 倒料Discharge卸料Shutdown停堆Shutdown安全停堆Hot standby热备用Boron injection硼注入Dilution稀释，摊薄Outage中断，停机，停运 Decommissioning退役，解除运作Safety system setpoint安全系统整定值 Defence in depth纵深防御Anticipated预期的，预计的 Anticipated operational occurrences预计运行事件Accident condition事故工况Severe accident严重事故Accident management事故处理Design basis accident设计基准事故 Phase阶段，时期Injection phase注入阶段 Recirculation phase再循环阶段Loss of electrical load accident负荷丧失事故Loss of main feed water accident主给水丧失事故Fuel misposition accident燃料错位事故 Critical accident临界事故Control rod stuck卡棒事故Ejection accident弹棒事故Main steam line breake accident主蒸汽管道破裂事故Cladding ballooning包壳臌胀Cladding collapse包壳塌陷Common cause failure共因故障 Redundancy多重性，冗余，冗余度 Specification技术规格书Non-conformance不符合项，不合格项 Audit 监查，审查Per capita人均的，每人Spontaneous自发得 ，无意识的 Undergo经历，发生Emission发射，放射，排放Nuclei核，原子核，核心Scattering散射，分散，散布 Liberation解放，释放Sufficient足够的，充足的Plutonium钚Combustion燃烧，燃烧过程Strike打击，撞，碰 Graphite石墨Instrumentation测量仪表 Conventional常规的，常用的Sensor传感器Convection传送，对流Corrosion腐蚀Chloride氯化物Hazard危险Philosophy哲学Malfunction故障，误动作Postulate假Actinides锕系元素Active放射性的，有源的Acute exposure急性照射 Americium镅Arming system保险解除系统 Assignment批量Demolition爆破Munition弹药，军火Attenuation衰减Attrition消耗，损耗Inventory详细清单Beryllium铍Beta gauge测量计Biological dosimeter生物剂量仪 Bismuth铋Black lead石墨Blanket增殖区Blast爆炸，爆破Blast wave冲击波Boron trifuoride三氟化硼 Contaminate污染，玷污，沾染 Brown oxidizer二氧化铀Buffer缓冲，缓冲剂Byproduct material副产物 Californium锎Calutron同位素分离器Deuterium氘，重氢Carnotite钒钾铀矿Cavity ionization chamber空腔电离室 Centrifuge离心机Cesium铯Challenge inspection质疑监查 Civilian use民用Cobalt钴Prohibition禁止Destruction销毁Destruction毁灭，消灭Ceal隐藏，隐瞒Constant常量Radiant发光的，辐射的Ratio 比例，常数Continuous monitoring连续监测 Counter计数管Critical accident临界事故Cyclotron回旋加速器Decommission退役Density gauge密度计 Denuclearization非核化Depleted uranium贫铀Deployment部署Desired ground zero预计爆心投影点 Deterministic effect确定效应 Deterrence威慑Detonator引爆装置，雷管Dewar flask杜瓦瓶Dismantlement拆除Curve曲线，弧线Dual-use两用Dynamic pressure and overpressure动压与超压Electronvolt（ev）电子伏特Shock wave冲击波Emergency Standby紧急待命 Enrichment浓缩Escalation逐步升级，扩大，增加 Euratom欧洲原子能中心Evaluation评价Evaluation of radiation protetion辐射防护评价Excitation激发，激起Excuting commander执行指挥官 External irradiation外照射Fuel fabrication燃料组合Gas centrifuge 气体离心Gaseous diffusion气体扩散Geiger-muller counter盖革米勒计数器 Germanium锗 High leve waste强放射性废物High yield test高威力试验 Implosion bomb内爆法炸弹Induce引起，感应，感生Initiation引发Initiator起爆器Intermediate中间的，中级的 Intervention介入，干涉，干预 Iridium铱Radius半径Cruiser巡洋舰Krypton氪Nitrogen氮Lithium锂Permissiable允许Lethal致命的，致死的 Demolition爆破Munitions弹药，军需品Milling研磨Mini-nuke小型核武器Molecular分子Medium中型的Negligible微小的,轻微的 Comprehensive广泛的,综合的,全面的 Neptunium镎Neutrino中微子Nominal名义上的，标称的Artillery炮兵，大炮Aviation航空，航空工业，飞行 Warfare战争Bonus奖金，红利，意外收获 Collateral附属的Nuclear column核柱Assessment评估，估计、 Deterrent威慑，制止Doctrine声明，教条Isobar同量异位素Resonance共振，共鸣 Proliferation扩散Propulsion推进Spin自旋Abstract文摘Stockpile储存，储备Burst爆炸Survivability生存能力Threshold阈值，门槛 Transmutation转变 Transformation转变Vulnerability弱点Degradation退化Maneuver手法，操作法Yield当量Nucleon核子Hucleus原子核Nuclide核素Optimization最优化，优化 Optimum最佳Osmium鋨Photon光子Aggragate集合，总数Plasma等离子体Plumbago石墨Plutonium钚Poison毒物Polonium钋Positron正电子，阳离子 Preinitiation提前起爆Prescribed规定的，法定的Prompt neutron瞬发中子 Proportional counter正比计数管 Quality factor品质因子 Contaminiation沾染Meter仪Weighting权重Debris碎片，残渣Leakage 泄漏Radiological放射性的Radiology放射学Radiometric辐射测量的，放射测量的 Radon氡Rarefaction稀薄的Residual剩余的，残余的 Scintillation counter闪烁计数器、 Scintillator闪烁体 Semiconductor detector半导体探测器 Shallow浅的Sievert希沃特Sodium钠 Dome圆顶屋Stochastic随机的，可能的Standstill停止，停顿Strategic bomber战略轰炸机 Strontium锶Subcritical亚临界Surveillance监测Tactical nuclear weapons战术核武器 Target organ靶器官Tellurium碲Thorium钍Transmutation核嬗变Trigger触发器Tritium氚Unsealed未密封的Uranium Hexafluoride六氟化铀 Uranium mining and milling铀矿开采与选矿Uranium trtrafluoride四氟化铀 Verification核查Regime政权，制度Vertical垂直的，纵向的Vitrification玻璃化Reserve储备，保留，预备Weapon grade plutonium武器级钚 Withhold限制，抑制Stock储备Laser激光器Yellowcake黄饼Zirconium锆Auxiliary 辅助的，备用的Blowdown 冷却管突然爆裂，排污管 Compress 压缩，精简Instrument仪器，乐器，工具，仪表 Component组件，部件，成分，设备 Condensate 凝结水，冷凝水，凝结 Condenser凝气器Feed 补给Removal除去，拆除，取出 Containment 安全壳Polishing抛光，磨光，清洗Volume容积；卷，册，书卷；音量，响度 Diverse不同的；多种多样的；变化的 Circulating循环的 ；流动的Actuation动作，驱动，开动，刺激 Processing处理，加工；调整，搬运 Standby备用的人或物，待命Diesel柴油机，内燃机Boiler锅炉，烧水器Storm drain暴雨水沟；暴雨下水道；雨水道Drain 耗尽；排水沟，排水管，下水道 Demineralize去除矿物质，软化，除盐；脱矿Non-class非安全Process过程Trace跟踪，追踪，痕迹Plant工厂，发电厂Cathodic阴极的，负极的；阴极保护 Feedwater给水Startup启动，启动选项Gland填料压盖Seal密封，阀座，密封面Generator发电机，信号发生器Heater 加热器Incore堆内；核心Lub oil润滑油，润滑剂Meteorology气象学，气象Monitoring监控，监测，监听，追踪 Mechanical handling 机械搬运，机械装卸 Operation操作，运行，运转Passive被动的，无源的，非能动的 Sampling抽样，取样 ，采样Potable可以喝的，适合饮用的Coolant冷却剂，冷却液Roof屋顶，顶部Roof drain屋顶排水，屋顶排水口 Radiation 辐射，放射Residual剩余的，残余的Raw生的，原始的，天然的，未经处理过的 Sanitary卫生的，清洁的，保健的 Sanitary drainage 生活污水排放系统 Drainage 排水，放水；排水系统；下水道 Spent 消耗的，用过的，废的，好近的 Spent fuel乏燃料Seismic地震的，有关地震的Secondary 二回路Vent排气，通气，泄放 Relief解除，减轻，排放 Diognostic诊断的，判断的 ventilation 通风，换气，通风设备 recirculation再循环habitability可居住，适居住性 filtration过滤，筛选hydrogen氢气pump house泵房radwaste 放射性废物radwaste building废物厂房leak泄漏chilled以经冷却的annex附属物，附件，附属建筑 gasous气体的，气态的，瓦斯的 transmission传输，传送，传递 switchyard户外配电装置offsite 厂区外的，装置外的 onsite 现场，厂内excitation励磁，激发voltage电压，载波电压 regulation整顿，调节，管理核物理基本概念ion离子system international 国际单位制 molecule分子atom原子，威力 ，原子能 nucleus原子核，核心，核子 coulomb库伦electron电子proton质子neutron中子defect缺损，缺陷binding 粘合，绑定nucleon核子kinetic动力的，运动的indentity 个性，特性potential潜在的，势的 positively带正电的jump跃迁negatively负的，负电性的 repulsion排斥，斥力；反感 uncharted不带电的neutal中立的，中性的periodic table周期表bombardment轰击，轰炸emission排放，放射，发射atomic number原子序数mass number质量数energy level能级orbital 轨道，轨道的fission分裂，裂变；裂变增值isotope同位素fussion聚变occur发生，出现decay衰退，衰减，腐败，衰变artificial人工的，人造的，虚假的，人为地barium钡bond 连接，接合，键boron硼compound复合物，混合物，化合物 bismuth铋superscript上标，上角标subscript下标uranium铀plutonium钚oxygen氧气thorium钍lithium锂deuterium氘，重氢sodium钠reaction反应、tritium氚，超重氢carbon碳helium氦，氦气transuranium铀后的，超铀的 radioactive放射性的fissionable可裂变的mean平均数，平均值weighted加权的，加权平均fissile易裂变fragment碎片，断片momentum动量macroscopic宏观的，肉眼可见的 microscopic微观的，显微的，精微的 electromagnetic电磁mesoscopic介观的 electrostatic静电的，静电学的放射性Cosmic宇宙射线Inversel相反的Proportional成比例的 Ionization电离 Bremsstrahlung韧致辐射 Inhale吸入，吸气Photon光子，光量子 Scattering散射Shielding屏蔽Collision碰撞，冲突Positron正电子Aluminum铝Accelerator加速器Beryllium铍Annihilation湮灭，淹没 Interaction相互作用 Photoelectric光电的Effect效应，效用Ingest摄取，吞下核反应Attenuation衰减Recoil反冲，弹回 Amplification放大Cadmium镉Transmutation转变，嬗变 Cobalt钴Diffusion扩散Nitrogen氮气Mercury汞flux通量elastic弹性的neutrino中微子inelastic非弹性的 radioisotope同位素section截面thermonuclear热核反应核材料Pellet燃料芯块Moderator慢化剂，减速剂Cladding覆层，包层，包壳Rod杆，棒Sublime升华Boric acid硼酸Chromium铬Swelling膨胀，肿胀，隆起Hafnium铪Burnup 燃耗，烧完Gadolinium钆Alloy合金Indium铟Magnox镁诺克斯合金Magnesium镁Zircloy 锆合金Nickel镍Compound合成，复合物，混合物，化合物 Zirconium锆Silicon硅Fission fragment裂变产物Graphite石墨Posion毒液，阴离子Pressing模制，压制Sintering烧结，溶结Oxidize氧化，使生锈Crack开裂，破裂Dioxide二氧化碳Fertile多产的，富饶的，可繁殖的 Hedrocarbon碳氢化合物Breeding增殖，再生Ratio比率，比例Enriched浓缩的，富集的，强化的 Thermal热的，热量的Conductivity传导率，传导性Specific特有的，专门的，比的 Viscosity粘稠，粘性，粘度Saturation饱和，饱和度，饱和状态 Flux通量，流动Shaping修整的，外形塑造Sustaining支持的，持续的Self-sustaining chain reaction自持链式反应Fast Neutron快中子Fuel cycle燃料循环Hexafluxride六氟化铀 Critical临界的，极限的Centrifuge离心机Supercitical超临界Gaseous气体的，气态的Siffusion扩散Criticality临界（a）Refuel换料Critical size 临界尺寸Resonance共振，共鸣Elastic有弹性的，灵活的Core堆芯，活性区Facor系数，因子，因素Thermal utilization factor热中子利用系数 Blanket再生区、Slow down慢化Permeable可渗透的Membrane膜，薄膜Spin转转，偏转Depleted废弃的，贫化的Multiplication增殖，增加，乘法 Pressurized waterreactor压水反应堆，压水堆Margin裕度，边缘Moisture水汽，湿气Inservice inspection在役检查Steam dryer干燥器Internal内部的，里面的Fuel pellet燃料芯块Pressurizer加压器，稳压器Vessel导管，容器Reactor vassel.pressure vassel压力容器 Surge波浪，浪涌，涌Surge line波动管Sectional断面的，剖面的Sectional view剖视图Shim薄垫片Chemical shim control 化学补偿控制Pit坑，洞，深坑Reactor pit堆坑Element元素，元件Assembly组件Airtight密封的，不透气的Mechanism机械装置，机构Nozzle喷嘴，管口，接管Seed点火区Plate板块，平板Utility用户，业主，业界Fuel assembly燃料组件Vendor卖主，供货商Inlet进口，入口Outlet出口Multiple多重的，多样的Barrier栅栏，屏障，障碍Barrel桶Core barrel堆芯吊篮Burnable absorber可燃吸收体 Redundancy多余，过多，冗长，冗余度 Diversity多样性Shell壳，外壳，壳体Steam line 蒸汽管线Contain包容Reactivity反应性Insert插入，嵌入Reactivity insertion反应性引入 Concentration浓度，浓缩，集中Load负荷，转载，负荷量Dilution稀释，摊薄Buildup累积，形成In-core detector system堆内测量系统 Self-powerd neutron detector 自给能中子探测器Axial power distribution轴向功率分布 Axial 轴的，轴向的Conditioning调节，调整Distribution分布，分配Azimuthal方位的，方位角的Tilt倾斜，倾斜度Trip跳闸，错误，旅行Reactor trip反应堆紧急停堆Turbine trip气机脱扣Departure离开，出发，启程，背离，违反 Departure from nucleate boiling偏离泡核沸腾Nucleate成核的，有核的，具核的 Reliability可信度，可靠性Forging锻造Ring-forging环锻件Velocity速度，速率 Surveillance监视，监督Specimen样品，抽样Bypass旁路，绕道，避开Mount安装，支架Phosphorous磷Austenitic奥氏体的Sulfur硫磺，硫Stainless不锈的Stainless steel 不锈钢Weld焊接Flange法兰，凸缘Threshold临界值，限值，阈值 Thermalcouple热电偶Engage接合，啮合，对位Nil零，无，零分Ductility延展性，延伸性Transition转变，转移，过度Nil-ductility transition temperature零延性转变温度Tapered逐渐变细的Fluence通量，注量率，影响Dome圆屋顶，像圆屋顶一样的东西 Integrated集成的，整合的，整体的 Shroud覆盖物，遮盖物，围板Burnable absorber rod 可燃吸收棒 Californium锎Creep潜变，蠕变Indium铟Lattice格子，框架，栅格Ceramic陶瓷的，陶器的Clearance间隙看，空隙Plug塞子，栓，阻力塞Contaminate污染，玷污Reactivity worth反应性价值Grid网格，格子，栅格Specific power比功率Inconel因科镍合金，镍铬合金 Antimony锑Inherent固有的，内在的，与生俱来的 Inherent safty固有安全性Cadmium镉Passive safety非能动安全Active 主动的，活动的Active safty能动安全Spider星形架Sleeve套管，套筒Spacer隔离物Spacer grid定位格架U-tube steam generator U型管蒸汽发生器 Rated 额定的，规定的Reted load额定功率Spray喷雾，喷淋系统Auxiliary辅助的，辅助设备Feed and condensate system 给水与凝汽系统Hot leg热管段Cold leg冷管段Charge上充Letdown下泄Plugging堵漏，封堵Margin差额，储备，裕量Tube plugging margin堵管裕量In the event of在…情况下Backup备用的，备份，后备Heat exchanger换热器Overpressure protection过压保护 Economizer节约装置，节热器，省煤器 Tank槽，油箱，罐Inlet 入口，进口Plenum充实，充满，高压Inlet plenum一次进口水室Nozzle管嘴，喷嘴，管口Primary inlet nozzle一次进口接管 Outlet plenum一次出口水室Tubesheet管板Valve阀门，阀，气门Safety valve安全阀Relief valve泄压阀Downcomer下导管，下降段Quality（蒸汽）干度Void空的，空虚的Fraction分数，小部分Void fraction空泡份额Full power满功率Thermal shock热冲击Rated power额定功率Quench急冷，骤冷Light water reactor Ultimate最终的，最后的，终极的Sink 水池，水槽Ultimate最终热阱Thermal engine热机Primary loop一次回路Prime最初的，原始的Mover推进器，发动机Prime mover原动机Secondary loop二次回路Enthalpy焓Balance of plant核电厂配套子项 Entropy熵，平局信息量Primary pressureboundary一次压力边界 Feedback反馈Isolation隔离Isolation valve隔离阀Pneumatic气动的，风动的，充气的，由压缩空气操作的Pneumatic valve气动阀门Failure 失效，失败，故障Injection注射，注入，喷入Safety injection pump安注泵Fault 故障Malfunction故障，误动作，失灵 Containment安全壳Carnot efficiency卡诺效率Reinforced加固的，加强的，加钢筋的 Reinforced concrete钢筋混凝土Engine efficiency热机效率 Prestressed reinforced concrete 预应力钢筋混凝土Hot reservoir高温热源，储蓄器Cold reservoir低温热源Psi=pounds per aquare inch gauge英制压力单位Refueling换料Annular环形的，环状的Emergency core-cooling system应急堆芯冷却系统Latent 潜伏的，潜在的，隐藏的Latent heat潜热Sensible 可感觉到的，意识到，认识到 Sensible heat显热Bleed出血，流血Feed and bleed补水与排水Hydroxide氢氧化物Engineered safety features专设安全设施 Sodium hydroxide氢氧化钠Caustic苛性的，腐蚀性的，氢氧化钠 Component cooling system设备冷却水系统 Startup启动Missile飞射物，导弹Accumulator 蓄压器，蓄压箱Sump 污水坑，水槽，水坑 Containment sump安全壳地坑Motor-driven valve电动阀Flywheel飞轮Be referded to as 被称为…Blade、 bucket、 vane 叶片，叶栅 Casing缸体，箱体Work功Thrust推力，塞Impulse冲动，冲击，推动Impulse turbine冲动式汽轮机Reaction反动，反作用力，反力，反作用 Reaction turbine反冲动式汽轮机 Lashing捆扎加固Moisture水分水汽，湿气Moisture removal除湿Impulse stage 冲动级Reaction stage 反动级Throttle节流，调节，减速，节流阀Stop-throttle valve节流阀Torque扭矩Degree of reactionf反动度Revolution旋转，运转Rev/s=revolutions per second每秒…转 Rpm=revolutions per minute每分钟…转 Converging渐缩的Diverging渐扩的Nozzle喷嘴，接管Turbine generator汽轮发电机moisture separator reheater汽水分离再热器turbine driven feedwater pump 气动给水泵gland压盖，密封gland steam system密封蒸汽系统 steam dump蒸汽排放flow restrictior 限流器main team isolation valve主蒸汽隔离阀 unit机组，单位，单元hotwell热阱regulating调节，调整feed regulating valve给水流量调节阀 feedwater header给水联箱 regenerative feed heating cycle给水回热循环drain疏水step change阶跃变化wear磨损，损耗ramp change线性变化fouling污垢，结垢overflow溢出，溢流overflow valve溢流阀inventory装量，库存process steam工艺汽dump释放，排放steam dump蒸汽释放trip scram紧急停堆condenser steam dump冷凝器排放 shutdown关机，停堆atmospheric steam dump大气排放 outrage停堆期deoxidizer steam dump除氧器排放 manually手动的，手工的electric cable 电缆automatically自动的，机械的auxiliary feed water system 辅助给水系统 mass flow rate质量流率shutoff valve 关断阀shutoff停止，关闭differential pressure，pressure differential压差code of federal regulations联邦管理法规 condensate凝结液booster升压器，增压器booster pump 增压泵head水压 ，压头turbine trip气机甩扣suction 抽，吸，吸入口process heat 工艺热。
核电专业英语试题库Lesson 1 The basic Concepts for Nuclear Physics 1. A nucleon is composed of protons and neutrons, and constitutes practically all the mass of the atom. （）key:×type: judgment question2. In the nuclear reactions mass and energy is interchanged. ( )key:√type: judgment question3.Capturing gamma radiation is a result of fission. ( ) key:×type: judgment question4.The binding force acts only when the nucleons are ( )A. largeB. close to each otherC. similarD. excited key: Btype: single-choice question5.Atoms having the same atomic number Z,but different numbers of neutrons N are called ( ) of the element.A. nucleiB. isotopesC. unitsD. masseskey: Btype: single-choice question6. The excited nuclei become de-excited by emission of ( )A.γ-rays or particlesB.X-raysC. energyD. deuterons key: Atype: single-choice question7.The protons and neutrons are called ( )A. nucleiB. isotopesC. nucleonsD. atomskey: Ctype: single-choice question8.Fission in uranium-238 can be caused by neutrons of ( )A. is easyB. can be caused by neutrons of 0.1MevC. can be caused by neutrons of 1.5MevD. never realizekey: Ctype: single-choice question9.( ) are emitted during fission and the possibility of a chainreaction is realized.A. ElementsB. FragmentsC. γ-rays D. Neutronskey: Dtype: single-choice question10.Which are the fissile nuclei among the following isotopes? ( )A. 233UB. 235UC. 239PuD. 238Ukey: A,B,Ctype: multiple-choice questionLesson 2 Radiation11. The γ-rays has many charges. （）key:×type: judgment question12.Low energy neutrons usually interact with nucleus more difficult than high energy neutrons. ( )key:×type: judgment question13.In the photoelectric effect, the photon is ( ).A. producedB. foundC. eliminatedD. increasedkey: Ctype: single-choice question14.Beta particles presents ( ) shielding problem.A. noB. no seriousC. aD. seriouskey: Btype: single-choice question15.When radioactive isotopes decay the ( ) are formed.A. protonsB. daughter productsC. radioactive isotopesD. neutron and electronkey: Btype: single-choice question16.Alpha particles can ( ) the outer layer of skin of the body.A. penetrateB. passC. be acceleratedD. be stopped bykey: Dtype: single-choice question17.Beta particles are capable of producing ( ) as they penetrate a substance.A. large amounts of ionizationB. energyC. photonsD. particleskey: Atype: single-choice question18.Alpha particles are ( ) in their motion than electrons.A. fasterB. slowerC. heavierD. less readily deflectedkey: Dtype: single-choice question19. The interaction between gamma rays with matter includes ( ).A. photon-electron scatteringB. Slowing by atomsC. photoelectric effectD. electron-positron productionkey: A,C,Dtype: multiple-choice question1Lesson 3 Nuclear Reactions20. We let the macroscopic cross section be labeled .（）key: √type: judgment question21.The energy released in nuclear reaction is about a million times as great as for the chemical reaction. ( )key: √type: judgment question22.There are several similarities between nuclear and chemical reactions, such as( )A. the same energy releasedB. conservation of chargeC. conservation of particles’ number involvedD. conservation of mass-energykey: B,C,Dtype: multiple-choice questionLesson 4 Nuclear Materials23.Hydrogen and deuterium, being gases, are suitable moderators. （）key:×type: judgment question24.Boron is the most common materials for controlling reactors. ( )key:√type: judgment question25.Beryllium as fuel cladding ( ) in power reactor.A. is usedB. useC. has been usedD. hasn’t been used key: Dtype: single-choice question26.Liquid metals are potentially excellent reactor ( )A. moderatorB. structure materialC. coolantD. material key: Ctype: single-choice question27.Uranium dioxide can ( ) high burnups.A. not to be usedB. be used toC. use toD. be used with key: Btype: single-choice question28.During common reactor operation zirconium ( )steam.A. reacted withB. cannot react withC. can react withD. cannot be reactedkey: Btype: single-choice question29.Uranium in ( ) form can be used as fuel material for water cooled reactors.A. pure uraniumB. uranium dioxideC. uranium hexafluorideD. uranium carbidekey: A,B,Dtype: multiple-choice question30.The choice of moderator for thermal reactors is mainly limited to the following materials :( )A. waterB. berylliumC. heavy waterD. graphite key: A,C,Dtype: multiple-choice question31.对热堆而言，水作为慢化剂显然是一种最显而易见的，同时水还能作为冷却剂。
